7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 1/29

22-06-15

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

1

“AÑO DE LA DIVERSIFICACIÓN PRODUCTIVA Y DELFORTALECIMIENTO DE LA EDUCACIÓN”

HUANCAYO-2015

UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA LOS ANDEs

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS administratias Y !"nta#$%s

 TEMA: t&!ni!a d% r%d%s:

'%rt ( !'m

• CATEDRA: MET)D)S CUANTITATI*)S d% n%+"!i"s• CATEDRATICO: EC)N,ARIEL R)MER) ELLED)NNE

• CICLO: * SEC:1 TURNO: TARDE

In!"#$n!s:

• ARIAS MATAM)R)S SADAM

• ESPIN).A P)LICARP) RICARD)

•  MILLAN T)RRES N)ELIA

• S%+/ra T%%da Na"mi DALILA

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 2/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

2

INDICEINTRODUCCIÓN……………………………………………………………………………………………………2

OBJETIVOS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………3

GLOSARIO………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4ANTECEDENTES……………………………………………………………………………………………………6

DIFERENCIAS ENTRE LOS MÉTODOS PERT Y CPM……………………………………6

USOS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7

VENTAJAS PERT Y CPM………………………………………………………………………………………8

PROCEDIMIENTO PARA TRAZAR UN MODELO DE RED……………………………8

CPM CRITICAL PAT! MET!OD"………………………………………………………………………#$MÉTODO PERT PROGRAM EVALUATION AND REVIE% TEC!NI&UE"'#2

PASOS EN EL PROCESO DE PLANEAMIENTO DELPERT ……………………………'#3

EJEMPLO DE APLICACIÓN…………………………………………………………………………………#7

CRAS!ING………………………………………………………………………………………………………………2$

CONCLUSIONES……………………………………………………………………………………………………22

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 3/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

INTR)DUCCINL( )*+,-./01( . -( )-(5.(5 . )*+.1+ 5+ 9( + :5( )*+,-./01(*..51.; 5+ <:. .. 1./)+ )((+ 5:.1*+ (51.)((+ 9(5

.5=*.51(+ ./)*.5/.51+ . >*(5 .5?.*>(:*( <:. >5=(*+5 :5()*+,-./01( .. .- ):51+ . -( )-(5=(5'

A1:(-/.51. . 9(5 -+>*(+ ).*=.+5(* 9.**(/.51( <:. ).*/1.5 ( -+(/51*(+*. . 9+ )*+.1+; *.(-@(* :5( -(,+* /0 .=.51.).*/1.5+ :5( )1/( ()-(5 . -+ *.:*+ .5 -( //( -+>*(5+:5( /(/@(5 . -+ //+'

A/1.5+ <:. -( ..:5 . :5 )*+.1+ + .-(,+*(5 . ):..:,?* .5 )-(5.(*; )*+>*(/(* +51*+-(*; 9(,-(5+ . /(5.*( -0(;)+./+ +5.*(* -( 15( PERT  P*+>*(/ E?(-:(1+5 ((5 *.?.T.95<:." .- CPM C*1(- P(19 M.19+;" <:. +5 -+ /0 ::(-. )(*( :5)*/.* +/.1+' E5 >.5.*(- .1( 15( *.:-1(5 1-. )(*( :5( >*(5?(*.( . )*+.1+ <:. +51./)-.5

OBJETIVOS.

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 4/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

3

2.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL

C+/)*.5.* -+ /1++ PERT CPM

2.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS

D.1.*/5(* -( =.*.5( .51*. -+ /1++

E)-(* -( /.1++-+>( .- CPM

E)-(* -( /.1++-+>( .- PERT 

GLOSARIO.

P(*( -+>*(* :5( (.:(( +/)*.55 .- 1./( ( .(**+--(* . +5.*)*+*1(*+ .(**+--(* :5 >-+(*+ <:. *?( +/+ >:( )(*( +/)*.5.* -(

1.*/5+-+>( ./)-.(('

3.1 PERT'

L( 1*(:5 . -( >-( .5 5>-  >5=(5 15( . *.?5  .?(-:(5 . )*+>*(/(; . :5( 15( . *.. .(**+--(+ .5 -((( . -+ H$; :1-@(( )(*( )*+>*(/(* +51*+-(* )*+>*(/( (*.(-@(*' C:(5+ 9( :5 >*(+ .1*./+ . 5.*1:/,*. :(5+ .-

+51*+- +,*. .- 1./)+ . /0 /)+*1(51. +,*. .- +51*+- .- +1+;PERT . /.+* +)5 <:. CPM'

3.2 CPM.

L( 1*(:5 . -( >-( .5 5>- >5=(5 /1++ .- (/5+*1+; . :5+ . -+ 1./( <:. >:.5 -+ )*5)+ . *..; <:.=:. .(**+--(+ .5 #H7 . :1-@(+ )(*( )-(5.(* +51*+-(*

)*+.1+; ((.5+ .- +5.)1+ . +1+ (- =+*/(1+ PERT' C:(5+ -+1./)+ +1+ . ):..5 .1/(* *.-(1?(/.51. ,.5; .- CPM ):...* :).*+* ( PERT'

3.3 ACTIVIDAD.

E :5 1*(,(+ <:. . .,. --.?(* ( (,+ +/+ )(*1. . :5 )*+.1+; ./,+-@(+ /.(51. :5( *(/( . -( *. . PERT'

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 5/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

5

3.4 LISTA DE ACTIVIDADES.

E :5( -1( :(+( +*.5(( +5. . *.+)-(5 1+( -(

=.*.51. (1?(. <:. 51.*?.5.5 .5 -( *.(-@(5 . :5)*+.1+'

3.5 EVENTO.

S. . <:. . *.(-@( :5 .?.51+; :(5+ 1+( -( (1?(. <:.--.>(5 ( :5 //+ 5++ 9(5 + 1.*/5((' S+5 -+ *:-+ 5:/.*(+<:. =+*/(5 )(*1. .- (>*(/( . *. *.)*..51(5 .- )*5)+ .-

=5 . -( (1?(. <:. 51.*?.5.5 .5 .- )*+.1+'

3.6 RAMA.

S+5 -( =-.9( <:. =+*/(5 P(*1. .- (>*(/( . *. >5=(5 -((1?(. .5 .- )*+.1+'

3.7 RUTA CRÍTICA O CAMINO CRÍTICO.C(/5+ . :5( .:.5( . (1?(. +5.1((; <:. +5:. .-)*5)+ .- )*+.1+ (- =5(- .- //+; )+* -+ <:. (<:.- (/5+ <:.*.<:.*( .- /(+* 1*(,(+; . .*; .- (/5+ /0 -(*>+ .51*+ . -(*.; ?.5. .5+ -( *:1( *1( + .- (/5+ *1+ . -( *. .-)*+.1+'

3.8 PREDECESOR INMEDIATO.E :5( (1?( <:. .,. P*...* .1(* (51." 5/.(1(/.51. (:5( (1?( (( .5 :5 )*+.1+; 1(/,5 5+/,*(( )*+*(.5/.(1('

3.8 DIAGRAMA DE RED.

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 6/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

6

E :5( *. . *:-+ 5:/.*(+ +5.1(+ +5 =-.9(; +5. ./:.1*(5 1+( -( (1?(. <:. 51.*?.5.5 .5 :5 .1.*/5(+)*+.1+ -( *.-(5 . )*+*( .51*. -( (1?(. .5 -( *.'

3.9 ACTIVIDAD FICTICIA.

A1?(. /(>5(*( <:. .1.5 .51*+ .- (>*(/( . *.; -++5 .- P*+)1+ . .1(,-..* -( *.-(+5. . )*...5( 5+ . -.(>5( 1./)+ (->:5+; . .*; <:. -( (1?( =1( P.*/1. ,:(**.. +5 -( *.-(+5. . P*...5( ()*+)((; . *.)*..51( )+*/.+ . :5( -5.( ):51.(('

3.1 !OLGURA.

E .- 1./)+ -,*. .5 -( *.; . .*; -( (51( . 1./)+ <:. ):.../+*(* :5( (1?( 5 (=.1(* -( =.9( . 1.*/5(5 .-;)*+.1+ 1+1(-'

3.11 DISTRIBUCI"N BETA.

D1*,:5 :1-@(( )(*( -( .1/(5 .- 1./)+ . (1?(.).*(+ .5 .- PERT; .1( .1/(5 . ,(( .5 .- :):.1+ . <:. .-1./)+ . -( (1?( . :5( ?(*(,-. (-.(1+*( :( P*+,(,-( 1.5.:5( 1*,:5 ,.1( :5/+(-'

3.12 TIEMPO OPTIMISTA.

E .- 1./)+ /5/+ + /0 +*1+ )+,-. .5 .- :(- . )*+,(,-. <:. .(1.*/5(( :5( (1?( 1++ /(*9( ( -( P.*=.5; :1-@(+ .5 .-PERT /,+-@(+ +5 ('

3.13 TIEMPO M#S PROBABLE.

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 7/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

4

E .- 1./)+ <:. .1( (1?( .( /0 )*+,(,-. <:. 1+/. .*.)1.*( :5( +1*( ?.@; .5 +1*( )(-(,*(; . .- 1./)+ 5+*/(- <:. .5..1( .5 *:51(5( +*5(*(; :1-@(+ .5 .- PERT /,+-@(+ +5 /'

3.14 TIEMPO PESIMISTA.

 E .- 1./)+ /0/+ + /0 -(*>+ )+,-. .5 .- :(- . )*+,(,-. .(1.*/5(( :5( (1?( ,(+ -( +5+5. /0 .=(?+*(,-.;:1-@(+ .5 .- PERT /,+-@(+ +5 ,'

3.15 TIEMPO ESPERADO PARA UNA ACTIVIDAD.  E .- 1./)+ (-:-(+ .5 .- PERT :(5+ .- )*+/.+ )+5.*(+(K4/K,"6'

3.16 TIEMPO NORMAL.

E .- 1./)+ .5 .- CPM *.<:.*+ )(*( 1.*/5(* :5( (1?( .1( .

*.(-@( .5 =+*/( 5+*/(-' E .- 1./)+ /0/+ )(*( 1.*/5(* :5((1?( +5 .- :+ /5/+ . *.:*+; .- 1./)+ 5+*/(- . ()*+/( (-1./)+ .1/(+ )*+,(,-. .5 PERT'

3.17 TIEMPO ACELERADO.

T./)+ .5 .- CPM <:. .*( *.<:.*+ 5+ . .?1( +1+ (->:5+ +51(- . *.:* .- 1./)+ .- )*+.1+' T./)+ /5/+ )+,-. )(*(

1.*/5(* :5( (1?( +5 -( +5.51*(5 /0/( . *.:*+'

PERT Y CPM

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 8/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

ANTECEDENTES.

D+ +5 -+ +*>.5. .- /1++ .- (/5+ *1+ .- /1++ PERT P*+>*(/ E?(-:(1+5 (5 R.?. T.95<:." .(**+--+ )+* -( A*/(( . -+

E1(+ U5+ . A/*(; .5 #H7; )(*( +51*+-(* -+ 1./)+ ...:5 . -( ?.*( (1?(. 51.>*(51. . -+ )*+.1+.)((-.; )+* -( 5..( . 1.*/5(* (( :5( . .--( .51*+ . -+51.*?(-+ . 1./)+ )+5,-.' F:. :1-@(+ +*>5(-/.51. )+* .- +51*+-. 1./)+ .- )*+.1+ P+-(* (1:(-/.51. . :1-@( .5 1++.- )*+>*(/( .)((-'

E- /1++ CPM C*1(- P(19 M.19+"; .- .>:5+ +*>.5 .- /1++ (1:(-;=:. .(**+--(+ 1(/,5 .5 #H7 .5 -+ E1(+ U5+ . A/*(; )+* :5

.51*+ . 5?.1>(5 . +).*(+5. )(*( -( =*/( D:)+51 R./5>1+5R(5; ,:(5+ .- +51*+- -( +)1/@(5 . -+ +1+ . +).*(5/.(51. -( )-(5.(5 (.:(( . -( (1?(. +/)+5.51. .-)*+.1+'

A/,+ /1++  ()+*1(*+5 -+ .-./.51+ (/51*(1?+ 5..(*+ )(*(=+*/(* .- /1++ .- (/5+ *1+ (1:(-; :1-@(5+ .- +51*+- . -+1./)+ . ..:5 -+ +1+ . +).*(5; )(*( ,:(* <:. .- )*+.1+1+1(- .( ..:1(+ .5 .- /.5+* 1./)+ (- /.5+* +1+ )+,-.' D.

=5(-@(5 . :5 )*+.1+ . -( :/( . 1++ -+ 1./)+ .).*(+'

DIFERENCIAS ENTRE LOS METODOS PERT $ CPM

L( )*5)(- =.*.5( .51*. -+ /1++ . -( /(5.*( .5 <:. . *.(-@(5 -+.1/(1?+ . 1./)+'

PERT P*+,(,-1+'

C+5.*( <:. -( ?(*(,-. . 1./)+ . :5( ?(*(,-. .+5+( . -(:(- +-+ . 1.5.5 (1+ .1/(1?+'

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 9/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

E- 1./)+ .).*(+ -( (1?(. +,*. -( *:1( *1(' S:)+5.5+ <:. -( 1*,:+5. . -+ 1./)+ . -( (1?(. +5

5.).5.51.; :5( :)+5 =:.*1./.51. :.1+5(,-."; -( ?(*(5@(.- )*+.1+ . -( :/( . -( ?(*(5@( . -( (1?(. .5 -( *:1(

*1(' C+5.*( 1*. .1/(1?+ . 1./)+ .- /0 )*+,(,-.; 1./)+

+)1/1(; 1./)+ )./1('

CPM D.1.*/51+' Y( <:. +5.*( <:. -+ 1./)+ . -( (1?(. .

+5+.5 . ):..5 ?(*(* (/,(5+ .- 5?.- . *.:*+ :1-@(+' A /.( <:. .- )*+.1+ (?(5@(; .1+ .1/(+ . :1-@(5 )(*(

+51*+-(* /+51+*.(* .- )*+>*.+' S +:**. (->5 *.1(*+ .5 .-)*+.1+;

. 9(.5 .=:.*@+ )+* -+>*(* <:. .- )*+.1+ <:.. . 5:.?+ .5)*+>*(/( (/,(5+ -( (>5(5 . *.:*+'

C+5.*( <:. -( (1?(. +5 +515:( . 51.*.).5.51.;>:.5 :5 +*.5 *+5+->+ +=*.. )(*0/.1*+ .- /+/.51+

+)+*1:5+ .- 5+ . -( (1?(' C+5.*( 1./)+ 5+*/(-. (.-.*(+ . :5( .1.*/5(((1?(; .>5 -( (51( . *.:*+ ()-(+ .5 -( //('

USOS.

E- (/)+ . (5 . .1. /1++ . /: (/)-+; (( : >*(5 =-.,-(  (()1(,-( ( :(-<:.* )*+.1+ >*(5. + ).<:.+' P(*( +,1.5.* -+/.+*. *.:-1(+ .,. ()-(*. ( -+ )*+.1+ <:. )+.(5 -( >:.51.(*(1.*1(

&:. .- )*+.1+ .( 5+; 5+ *.).11?+; .5 (->:5( )(*1. + .5 :1+1(-('

&:. . .,( ..:1(* 1++ .- )*+.1+ + )(*1. . -; .5 :5 1./)+ /5/+;5 ?(*(+5.; . .*; .5 1./)+ *1+'

&:. . ... .- +1+ . +).*(5 /0 ,(+ )+,-. .51*+ . :5 1./)+

)+5,-.'

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 10/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

10

  D.51*+ .- 0/,1+ ()-(5; .- /1++ . 9( .1(+ :(5+ )(*( -()-(5.(5 +51*+- . ?.*( (1?(.; 1(-. +/+ +51*:5 .)*.(; ().*1:*( . (/5+; )(?/.51(5; +51*:5 . (( .=+; *.)(*(5 . ,(*+; 5?.1>(5 . /.*(+; /+?/.51+ .

+-+5@(5; .1:+ .+5/+ *.>+5(-.; (:1+*(; )-(5.(5 .(**.*( :5?.*1(*(; 1*,:5 . 1./)+ . (-( . +).*(+5.;(/)-(+5. . =0,*(; )-(5.(5 . 15.*(*+ )(*( +,*(5@(; )-(5.. ?.51(; .5+ . )+,-(5; .1'

VENTAJAS PERT % CPM

E5.( :5( )-5( ->( )(*( )-(5=(* +*>(5@(* :5 )*+>*(/(.1(--(+ . -(*>+ (-(5.'

P*+)+*+5( :5( /.1++-+>( S1(5(* . +/:5(* -+ )-(5. .- )*+.1+/.(51. :5 :(*+ . 1*. /.5+5. 1./)+; ).*+5(- +1+"'

I.51=( -+ .-./.51+ .>/.51+" /0 *1+ .- )-(5; .5<:. )*+,-./( )+1.5(-. ):.(5 ).*:(* .- :/)-/.51+ .- )*+>*(/(

)*+):.1+'O=*.. -( )+,-( . /:-(* -+ .=.1+ . -( .+5. (-1.*5(1?( +1:(+5. /)*.?1( :5( +)+*1:5( )(*( .1:(* : +5.:.5(.5 *.-(5 ( -+ )-(@+ . :/)-/.51+ . -+ )*+>*(/('

A)+*1( -( )*+,(,-( . :/)-* .1+(/.51. -+ )-(@+ )*+):.1+'

E5 +1*( )(-(,*( CPM . :5 1./( 50/+; <:. . /:.?. +5 .-)*+>*.+ .- )*+.1+; *.=-.(5+ .5 :(-<:.* /+/.51+ .- STATUS

)*..51. .- )-(5 . (5'

PROCEDIMIENTO PARA TRA&AR UN MODELO DE RED.

P(*( ()-(* CPM + PERT . *.<:.*. +5+.* -( -1( . (1?(. <:.5-:. :5 )*+.1+' S. +5.*( <:. .- )*+.1+ .10 1.*/5(+ :(5+1+( -( (1?(. 9(5 + +/)-.1((' P(*( (( (1?(; ):...1* :5 +5:51+ . (1?(. )*...+*( <:. .,.5 .* +/)-.1((

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 11/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

11

(51. . <:. +/.5. -( 5:.?( (1?(' S. +51*:. :5( /(--( + *. .-)*+.1+ )(*( >*(=(* -( *.-(+5. . )*...5( .51*. -( (1?(.'E5 9( *.)*..51(5 >*0=(; (( (1?( . *.)*..51(( +/+ :5(*+ (( 5++ -:1*( -( :-/5(5 . :5( + ?(*( (1?(.'

C+5.*./+ :5 )*+.1+ <:. +51( . +-+ + (1?(. A B'S:)+5>(/+ <:. -( (1?( A . )*...+*( . -( (1?( B' L(*.)*..51(5 >*0=( . .1. )*+.1+ . /:.1*( .5 -( =>:*(' A; .-5++ 2 *.)*..51( -( :-/5(5 . -( (1?( A .- +/.5@+ . -((1?( B'

P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

FI>'#'#

 S :)+5./+ (9+*( <:. -( (1?(. A B .,.5 .* 1.*/5(( (51.<:. :5( (1?( C ):.( +/.5@(*; -( /(--( .- )*+.1+ <:.( +/+ ./:.1*( .5 -( =>:*(2' E5 .1. (+; .- 5++ *.)*..51( <:. -( (1?(.A B . 9(5 1.*/5(+; (./0 .- 5+ . -( (1?( C' S -( (1?( A=:.*( )*...+*( . -( (1?(. B C; -( *. <:.(*( +/+ . /:.1*(.5 -( =>:*( 3'

 P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

F>' 2

PRO$ECTO DE TRES ACTIVIDADES

D(+ :5 +5:51+ . (1?(. : *.-(+5. . )*. .5; . ):..+51*:* :5( *.)*..51(5 >*0=( . (:.*+ ( -( >:.51. *.>-(

E- 5++ # *.)*..51( .- 5+ .- )*+.1+' P+* -+ 1(51+; -( (1?(. <:.)(*1.5 .- 5++ # 5+ ):..5 1.5.* )*...+*('

E- 5++ T.*/5(- + =5(- .- )*+.1+ .,. *.)*..51(* .- 1*/5+ . 1+(-( (1?(. 5-:( .5 -( *.'

U5( (1?( 5+ ):.. .* *.)*..51(( )+* /0 . :5 (*+ .5 -( *.'

D+ 5++ .,.5 .1(* +5.1(+ )+* ( -+ /0 :5 (*+'

P(*( 5+ ?+-(* -( *.>-( 3 4; ( ?.. . 5..(*+ 51*+:* :5((1?( (*1=(- + :// <:. )+.. 1./)+ . :*(5 5:-+' P+* ../)-+;:)+5>(/+ <:. -( (1?(. A B +5 )*...+*( . -( (1?( C

(./0 +/.5@(5 (- //+ 1./)+' E5 .1. (+; :5( )*/.*(*.)*..51(5 )+*( .* -( 5(( .5 -( =>:*( 2'4' S5 ./,(*>+; -( *.

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 12/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

12

. -( =>:*( 3 ?+-( -( *.>-( 4' P(*( +**.>* .1. )*+,-./(; . 51*+:. :5((1?( (*1=(- 5(( +5 :5 (*+ .>/.51(+ .5 -( =>:*(

L( *. . -( =>:*( 4 *.=-.( .- 9.9+ . <:. -( (1?( C 1.5. +/+

)*...+*( ( A B; ).*+ 5 ?+-(* -( *.>-( 4' E5 +1*+ (+; . .,.5(>*.>(* (1?(. (*1=(-. )(*( 5+ ?+-(* -( *.>-( 3'

P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 :/-D.(*>(* 1*(,(+ .- /.5:).*+*

F>' 3

A B )*...+*( . C

P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

F>' 4

I5+*)+*(5 . :5( (1?( (*1=(-'

P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

F>' H

L>( .>:( )(*( -( +51*:5 . :5( *.

CPM 7CRITICAL

PAT8 MET8)D9

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 13/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

1

PASOS EN EL PLANEAMIENTO DEL PRO$ECTO DE CPM.

E).=<:. -( (1?(. 5?:(-.' D.1.*/5. -( .:.5( . .( (1?(.' D,:. :5 (>*(/( . -( *.' E1/. -( )+( . -( 1.*/5(5 )(*( (( (1?(' I.51=<:. -( 1*(.1+*( *1( -( 1*(.1+*( /0 -(*>( ( 1*(? . -(

*." P+5>( (- ( .- (>*(/( .- CPM +/+ )*+>*.( .- )*+.1+' E).=<:. -( (1?(. 5?:(-.

9.1 ESPECIFI'UE LAS ACTIVIDADES INDIVIDUALES.

D. -( .1*:1:*( . -( 51.**:)5 .- 1*(,(+; :5 -1(+ . ):..9(.* . 1+( -( (1?(. .5 .- )*+.1+' E1. -1(+ . ):..:1-@(* +/+ -( ,(. )(*( (>*.>(* -( 5=+*/(5 . -( .:.5( .-( :*(5 .5 )(+ /0 -1/+'

9.2 DETERMINE LA SECUENCIA DE LAS ACTIVIDADES.

A->:5( (1?(. +5 .).5.51. .5 -( 1.*/5(5 . +1*(' U5-1(+ . -+ )*.:*+*. 5/.(1+ . (( (1?( . 1- )(*(+51*:* .- (>*(/( . -( *. .- CPM'

9.3 DIBUJE EL DIAGRAMA DE LA RED

U5( ?.@ <:. . 9((5 .=5+ -( (1?(. .- : +*.5(*; .-(>*(/( .- CPM ):.. .* ,:(+' E- CPM =:. .(**+--(++*>5(-/.51. +/+ (1?( .5 *. .- 5++ AON"; ).*+ (->:5+)-(5=(+*. .- )*+.1+ )*.=.*.5 .).=(* -( (1?(. .5 -+(*+'

9.4 ESTIME LA (POCA DE LA TERMINACI"N PARA CADAACTIVIDAD.

E- 1./)+ *.<:.*+ )(*( 1.*/5(* (( (1?( . ):.. .1/(*:(5+ .).*.5( )*.?( + -( .1/(+5. . ).*+5( ,.55=+*/((' E- CPM . :5 /+.-+ .1.*/51( <:. 5+ +5.*( -(

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 14/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

13

?(*(5 .5 .- 1./)+ . -( 1.*/5(5; 1(5 +-(/.51. :5 5/.*+ .:1-@( )(*( -( .1/(5 .- 1./)+ . :5( (1?('

9.5 IDENTIFI'UE LA TRA$ECTORIA CRÍTICA )LATRA$ECTORIA M#S LARGA A TRAV(S DE LA RED*

L( 1*(.1+*( *1( . -( 1*(.1+*( . -( -(*>+Q:*(5 ( 1*(?. -( *.' L( >5=(5 . -( 1*(.1+*( *1( . <:. -((1?(. <:. /.51.5 .5 .--( 5+ . ):..5 *.1*((* 5 .-(5> .-)*+.1+' D.,+ ( : /)(1+ .5 .- )*+.1+ .51.*+; .- (50- .1*(.1+*( *1( . :5 ().1+ I/)+*1(51. .- )-(5.(/.51+ .-)*+.1+'

L( 1*(.1+*( *1( ):.. .* .51=(( .1.*/5(5+ -+ :(1*+)(*0/.1*+ >:.51. )(*( (( (1?(

ES; P*5)+ 1./)*(5+'

EF; )*5)+ 1(*+'

LS; 1.*/5(5 1./)*(5('

LF; 1.*/5(5 1(*('

L( )+( =-+( )(*( :5( (1?( . .- 1./)+ .51*. : 9+*( . (-(/0 1./)*(5( /0 -1/(; + .51*. : 1./)+ /0 1./)*(5+ /0-1/+ .- =5(-' L( 9+->:*( . -( (51( . 1./)+ <:. :5( (1?(. ):.. *.1*((* /0 (--0 . : +/.5@+ /0 1./)*(5+ + =5(- /01./)*(5+ 5 .-(5> .- )*+.1+'

L( 1*(.1+*( *1( . -( 1*(.1+*( ( 1*(? . -( *. .- )*+.1+.5 -( :(- 55>:5( . -( (1?(. 1.5.5 9+->:*(; . .*; -(

1*(.1+*( )(*( -( :(- ESLS EFLF )(*( 1+( -( (1?(. .5 -(1*(.1+*(' R.1*(( .5 -( 1*(.1+*( *1( *.1*(( .- )*+.1+'S./.(51./.51.; (.-.*. .- )*+.1+ <:. . 5..(*+ *.:* .-1./)+ 1+1(- *.<:.*+ )(*( -( (1?(. .5 -( 1*(.1+*( *1('

9.6 PONGA AL DÍA EL DIAGRAMA DEL CPM.

P:. )*+>*.( .- )*+.1+; -+ 1./)+ *.(-. . -( 1.*/5(5 . -(

1(*.( .*05 (,+ .- (>*(/( . -( *. . ):.. )+5.* (- ( )(*(5-:* .1( 5=+*/(5' U5( 1*(.1+*( *1( 5:.?( ):.. ./.*>.*;

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 15/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

15

  -+ (/,+ .1*:1:*(-. . ):..5 *.(-@(* .5 -( *. -+*.<:1+ .- )*+.1+ (/,(5'

9.7 LIMITACIONES DEL CPME- CPM =:. .(**+--(+ )(*( .- +/)-.+ ).*+ -+ )*+.1+ ,(1(51.*:15(*+ +5 5.*1:/,*. /5/( .5 -+ 1./)+ . -( 1.*/5(5.- )*+.1+' P(*( /.5+ )*+.1+ . -( *:15( 9( /0 5.*1:/,*..5 -+ 1./)+ . -( 1.*/5(5; -/1. . .1( 5.*1:/,*.-( :1-( .- /+.-+ .1.*/51( .- CPM' U5( (-1.*5(1?( (- CPM ..- /+.-+ .- )-(5.(/.51+ .- )*+.1+ .- PERT; <:. ).*/1. <:. :5(>(/( . :*(+5. .( .).=(( )(*( (( (1?('

MET)D) PERT 7PR)RAME*ALUATI)N AND RE*IE;

 TEC8NI<UE9E5 CPM . (:/. <:. -( :*(5 . (( (1?( . +5+( +5 .*1.@('C-(*(/.51.; .5 /:9( +(+5. .1. :):.1+ 5+ . ?0-+' PERT 51.51(+**.>* .1. .**+* :)+5.5+ <:. -( :*(5 . (( (1?( . :5(?(*(,-. (-.(1+*(' P(*( (( (1?(; . *.<:.*. .1/(* -( >:.51.(51(.

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 16/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

16

+ , T-/0 O0-/-+. D:*(5 . -( (1?( ,(+ -( +5+5. /0=(?+*(,-.

, T-/0 P-/-+. D:*(5 . -( (1?( ,(+ -( +5+5. /0.=(?+*(,-.

/ , T-/0 N/+. E- ?(-+* /0 )*+,(,-. . -( :*(5 . -( (1?('

L( =+*/( . -( 1*,:5 . /:.1*( .5 -( >:.51. F>:*(' 6 1./)+ /0)*+,(,-. . .- 1./)+ *.<:.*+ )(*( +/)-.1(* -( (1?( ,(++5+5. 5+*/(-.' L+ 1./)+ +)1/1( )./1( )*+)+*+5(5 :5(/.( . -( 5.*1:/,*. 59.*.51. .5 -( (1?(; 5-:.5+.).*=.1+ .5 .- .<:)+; )+5,-( . /(5+ . +,*(; *.1(*+ .5-+ /(1.*(-.  +1*+ =(1+*.'

P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

C+5 -( 1*,:5 .=5(; -( /.( .).*((" -( .?(5 .105(*;*.).1?(/.51.; .- 1./)+ . -( (1?( )(*( -( (1?( Z ):..

(-:-(*. )+* /.+ . -( =*/:-( . ()*+/(5'

E- 1./)+ .).*(+ . =5(-@(5 . :5 )*+.1+ . -( :/( . 1++ -+1./)+ .).*(+ . -( (1?(. +,*. -( *:1( *1(' D. /++ /-(*;:)+5.5+ <:. -( 1*,:+5. . -+ 1./)+ . -( (1?(. +5

5.).5.51. *.(-1(/.51.; :5( :)+5 =:.*1./.51. :.1+5(,-.";-( ?(*(5@( .- )*+.1+ . -( :/( . -( ?(*(5@( . -( (1?(. .5 -(*:1( *1('

11. PASOS EN EL PROCESO DE PLANEAMIENTO DEL PERT

E- )-(5.(/.51+ .- PERT /)-( -+ )(+ >:.51.

I.51=<:. -( (1?(. :*(5 .).=(; .1.*/5. -( .:.5( ()*+)(( . -( (1?(.; +51*:( :5 (>*(/( . *.;

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 17/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

14

.1.*/5. .- 1./)+ *.<:.*+ )(*( (( (1?(; .1.*/5. -( 1*(.1+*( *1(; P+5>( (- ( -( (*1( .- PERT .>5 +/+ )*+>*.( .- )*+.1+'

11.1 IDENTIFI'UE LAS ACTIVIDADES $ LOS PRECEDENTES.

L( (1?(. +5 -( 1(*.( *.<:.*( )(*( 1.*/5(* .- )*+.1+'L+ )*...51. +5 -+ (+51./.51+ <:. /(*(5 .- )*5)+ .-=5(- . :5( + /0 (1?(.' E )*+?.9++ .5:/.*(* -( 1(*.( .5:5( 1(,-( <:. .5 )(+ /0 -1/+ . ):.( (/)-(* )(*( 5-:* -(5=+*/(5 +,*. .:.5( :*(5'

11.2 DETERMINE LA SECUENCIA DE LA ACTIVIDAD.

E1. )(+ . ):.. +/,5(* +5 .- )(+ . -( .51=(5 . -((1?( ):.1+ <:. -( .:.5( . -( (1?( . .?.51. )(*((->:5( 1(*.(' O1*( 1(*.( ):..5 *.<:.** /0 (50- )(*(.1.*/5(* .- +*.5 .(1+ .5 -( :(- .,.5 .* *.(-@(('

11.3 CONSTRU$A EL DIAGRAMA DE RED.

U(5+ -( 5=+*/(5 . -( .:.5( . -( (1?(; :5 (>*(/( .-( *. . ):.. ,:(* ./+1*(5+ -( .:.5( . (1?(..*(-. )(*(-.-('

11.4 TIEMPOS DE ACTIVIDAD DE ESTIMACION.

P(*( (( (1?(; . *.<:.*. .1/(* -( >:.51. (51(.

+ , T-/0 O0-/-+. E- <:. *.)*..51( .- 1./)+ /5/+ )+,-. 5/)+*1(* .- +1+ + :(51( . .-./.51+ /(1.*(-. 9:/(5+ <:. .*.<:.*(5 . /)-./.51. -( )+,-( =( . *.(-@(* -( (1?(.5 .- /.5+* 1./)+

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 18/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

1

, T-/0 P-/-+. E :5 1./)+ ..)+5(-/.51. >*(5. <:.):.*( )*..51(*. +(+5(-/.51. +/+ +5.:.5( . (.51.;=(-1( . :/51*+; *.1(*+ 5?+-:51(*+; (:( 5+ )*.?1(; .1'

/ , T-/0 N/+. E- ?(-+* /0 )*+,(,-. . -( :*(5 . -((1?(; ,((+ .5 -( .).*.5( ).*+5(- .- 5=+*/(+*

S T . -( ?(*(,-. (-.(1+*( (+(( ( -( :*(5 . -( (1?(  "; PERT (:/. <:. T >:. :5( 1*,:5 B.1(' S5 .51*(* .5/(+*. .1(--. . .1( 1*,:5; . ):.. ./+1*(* <:. .- ?(-+*

.).*(+ -( ?(*(5@( . -( ?(*(,-. (-.(1+*( T <:.(5 .=5()+*

E5 PERT . (:/. (./0 <:. -( :*(5 . -( (1?(. .5.).5.51.' P+* -+ 1(51+; .- ?(-+* .).*(+ -( ?(*(5@( . :5( *:1(

):..5 .* .1/(( .>5

D:*(5 .).*(( . -( *:1(

V(*(5 . -( :*(5 . -( *:1(

11.5 DETERMINE LA TRA$ECTORIA CRÍTICA.

L( 1*(.1+*( *1( . .1.*/5(( (>*.>(5+ -+ 1./)+ )(*( -(

(1?(. .5 (( .:.5( .1.*/5(5+ -( 1*(.1+*( /0 -(*>(.- )*+.1+' L( 1*(.1+*( *1( .1.*/5( .- 1./)+ 1+1(- .-(-.5(*+ *.<:.*+ )(*( .- )*+.1+' S -( (1?(. =:.*( . -(1*(.1+*( 1*( (.-.*(5 + *.1*((*+5 .- 1./)+ .51*+ . -+-/1."; .51+5. .- 1./)+ 1+1(- . )*+.1+ 5+ ?(*(; -( (51( .-1./)+ <:. :5( (1?( 5+ *1( . -( 1*(.1+*( 5 (-1.*(* -(:*(5 .- )*+.1+ . .5+/5( +/+ 1./)+ =-++'

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 19/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

1

S -( 1*(.1+*( *1( .- )*+.1+ 5+ *.:-1( +,?(; .51+5. ):...* )*+?.9++ .1.*/5(* -( :(1*+ (51(. >:.51. )(*( (((1?(

ES; P*5)+ 1./)*(5+'

EF; )*5)+ 1(*+'

LS; 1.*/5(5 1./)*(5('

LF; 1.*/5(5 1(*('

S. (-:-(5 .1+ 1./)+ :(5+ -( )+( )*.?1( )(*( -( (1?(.*.-.?(51.' L+ 1./)+ /0 1./)*(5+ .- +/.5@+ .- =5(- .(( (1?( +5 .1.*/5(+ 1*(,((5+ (.-(51. ( 1*(? . -(*. .1.*/5(5+ .- 1./)+ /0 1./)*(5+ .5 .- :(- :5( (1?():.. +/.5@(* ((,(* ( +5.*(* : (1?(. .- )*.:*+*'L+ 1./)+ /0 -1/+ .- +/.5@+ .- =5(- +5 -+ 1./)+ /0-1/+ <:. :5( (1?( ):.. +/.5@(* ((,(* 5 ?(*(* .-)*+.1+' E- LS .- LF +5 .5+51*(+ 1*(,((5+ (- *.? ( 1*(?

. -( *.' L( =.*.5( .5 .- =5(- /0 -1/+ /0 1./)*(5+ . (((1?( . 9+->:*( . .( (1?(' L( 1*(.1+*( *1( .51+5.. -( 1*(.1+*( ( 1*(? . -( *. .5 -( :(- 55>:5( . -((1?(. 1.5.5 9+->:*('

L( ?(*(5 .5 .- 1./)+ . -( 1.*/5(5 .- )*+.1+ ):.. .*(-:-(( :/(5+ -( ?(*(+5. .5 -+ 1./)+ . -( 1.*/5(5 .-( (1?(. .5 -( 1*(.1+*( *1(' D(+ .1( ?(*(5; :5( ):..(-:-(* -( )*+,(,-( <:. .- )*+.1+ .*0 1.*/5(+ )+* .*1(

=.9( . (:/. <:. :5( 1*,:5 5+*/(- . -( )*+,(,-( )(*(-( 1*(.1+*( *1('

S.( CP -( ?(*(,-. (-.(1+*( (+(( ( -( :*(5 1+1(- . -((1?(. . -( *:1( *1( .1.*/5(( /.(51. CPM' PERT (:/.<:. -( *:1( *1( .5+51*(( ( 1*(? . CPM +51.5. :=.51.(1?(. )(*( ./)-.(* .- T.+*./( C.51*(- .- L/1. +5-:* <:.CP . 1*,:. 5+*/(-/.51.'

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 20/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

20

P:.1+ <:. -( 1*(.1+*( *1( .1.*/5( -( =.9( . -( 1.*/5(5.- )*+.1+; .- )*+.1+ ):.. .* (.-.*(+ (>*.>(5+ -+ *.:*+*.<:.*+ )(*( /5:* -( )+( )(*( -( (1?(. .5 -(1*(.1+*( *1('

11.6 LA ACTUALI&ACI"N SEGN COMO EL PRO$ECTOPROGRESA.

!(>( -+ (:1. .5 -( (*1( .- PERT +/+ )*+>*.( .- )*+.1+'M.51*( <:. .- )*+.1+ *.?.-(; -+ 1./)+ .1/(+ . ):..5:11:* )+* )+( *.(-.' E5 (+ +5. 9( *.1*((; -+ *.:*+(+5(-. ):.. .* 5..(*+ ).*/(5..* .5 9+*(*+ -( (*1( .-

PERT . ):.. /+=(* )(*( *.=-.(* -( 5:.?( 1:(5'

11.7 VENTAJAS DEL PERT.

E- PERT . 1- )+*<:. )*+)+*+5( -( 5=+*/(5 >:.51.

T./)+ )*.?1+ . -( 1.*/5(5 .- )*+.1+' P*+,(,-( . -( 1.*/5(5 (51. . :5( =.9( .).=(('

L( (1?(. . -( 1*(.1+*( *1( <:. (=.1(5 *.1(/.51. .-1./)+ . -( 1.*/5(5' L( (1?(. <:. 1.5.5 1./)+ =-++ <:. ):..5 )*.1(* *.:*+

( -( (1?(. . -( 1*(.1+*( *1('

F.9( .- +/.5@+ .- .1*./+ . -( (1?('

11.8 LIMITACIONES.

L+ >:.51. +5 (->:5( . -( .,-(. .- PERT

L( .1/(+5. .- 1./)+ . -( (1?( +5 (->+ :,.1?( .).5.5 .- :+' E5 (+ +5. 9( )+( .).*.5( .5 -(..:5 . :5( (1?(; -+ 5/.*+ ):..5 .* +-(/.51. :5(+5.1:*(' E5 +1*+ (+; -( ).*+5( + .- >*:)+ <:. *.(-@( -((1?( .1/(5 .- 1./)+ ):.. 9(,.* (>+5(- .5 -( .1/(5'

I5-:+ ,.5Q. .1/(5 -+ 1./)+ . -( (1?(; .- PERT (:/.:5( 1*,:5 ,.1( )(*( 1+ -( .1/(+5. .- 1./)+; ).*+ -(1*,:5 *.(- ):.. .* =.*.51.'

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 21/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

21

I5-:+ -( (:55 ,.1( . -( 1*,:5 +1.5.; .- PERT (:/.<:. -( 1*,:5 . -( )*+,(,-( .- 1./)+ . -( 1.*/5(5 .-)*+.1+ . >:(- <:. .- . -( 1*(.1+*( *1(' P+*<:. +1*(1*(.1+*( ):..5 +5?.*1*. .5 -( 1*(.1+*( *1( .

*.1*((5 : (1?(. (+((; .- PERT :,.1/( +51(51./.51..- 1./)+ )*.?1+ . -( 1.*/5(5 .- )*+.1+'

12. EJEMPLO DE APLICACI"N.

P*/.*(/.51. . )*.)(*( -( >*0=( . (1?(. >:.5+ -( .:.5(->( ( .)-((; *.).1(5+ -( (1?(. (51...51.'

 C+/+ .>:5+ )(+ . )*+.. ( .1.*/5(* .- 1./)+ .).*(+ T./.(51. -( =*/:-(

E- 1.*.* )(+ +51. .5 (-:-(* .- +1+ . (.-.*(* -( (1?( :5 (;.1+ . .1.*/5( /.(51. -( =*/:-(

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 22/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

22

C+/+ 1.*.* )(+ )(*( . -( *:1( *1( . (-:-( -+ 1./)+ /01./)*(5+ )(*( (( (1?( . +/.5@( .(5+ .- 1./)+ +/+ .*+ .5.- 5++ 5(-' L:.>+; . (-:-( .- 51.*?(-+ . 1./)+ <:. 1*(5:**. .51*..- 5+ -( (1?(. 5/.(1( (- +/.5@+ .- )*+.1+' D.,+ ( <:.

-( (1?( (*1=(- 5+ 1.5. :*(5; .- 1./)+ (:/:-(+ (- 5++ 3 )(*(<:. .(5 1.*/5(( 1+( -( (1?(. )*...+*( ( 9+ 5+++**.)+5. ( (' E5 +1*( )(-(,*(; .- 1./)+ /0 1./)*(5+ )(*( .-5++ 3 . (' L:.>+; -( (1?(. <:. +/.5@(5 .5 .- 5++ 3 5+):..5 +/.5@(* (51. . '

A +515:(5; . )+,-. +/)-.1(* .- 51.*?(-+ . 1./)+ . .(**+--+)(*( -( (1?( F5(-/.51.; .- 1./)+ /0 1./)*(5+ )(*( .- 5++ H . .26 (; )+* -+ <:. -( (1?( F +-+ ):.. +/.5@(* .5 9+ 51(51.' L+

51.*?(-+ . 1./)+ /0 1./)*(5+ )(*( 1+( -( (1?(. .- )*+.1+'A )(*1* . .1( =>:*(; . ):.. +5-:* <:. -( :*(5 /5/( .-)*+.1+ . . 38 (; (51( <:. +**.)+5. (- (/5+ /0 -(*>+ )(*(--.>(* .- 5++ 5(- # (- 5++ (- 6'

 P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

 C+/+ .>:5( .1()( . )*+.. ( (-:-(* -+ 1./)+ /0 1(*. )(*( ((5++' L( .( +51. .5 .1.*/5(* :051+ . )+,-. *.1(*(* .- 5+ .

(( (1?( 5 (=.1(* -( :*(5 1+1(- .- )*+.1+' P(*( .--+ .+/.5@( .. .- 5++ =5(-' E5 .1. (+; (+ <:. .1. :5( 5((1?( <:. --.>( ( 9+ 5++ 5+ . )+,-. *.1(*(*-( 5 (=.1(* -(:*(5 .- )*+.1+' L( =>:*( /:.1*( .- 51.*?(-+ . 1./)+ /0 1(*.)(*( -( -1/( (1?( .5 )(*51. :(*(+'

L( (1?(. <:. --.>(5 (- 5++ H 1.*/5(5 ( /0 1(*(* .5 .- ( 26; )+*-+ 1(51+; . )+,-. *.1(*(* -( (1?( C .5 26 Q#7 (' S. 5+*)+*(-+ 51.*?(-+ . :*(5 . 1./)+ /0 1(*. ( -( /(--( .5 -( =>:*(' E-

5++ 4 1.5. +/+ 1./)+ /0 1(*. 26; )+* -+ <:. 5+ . =(1,-. *.1(*(*-( (1?( D' D. .1( =+*/(; .- 5++ 3 1.5. +/+ 1./)+ /0 1(*. (;)+* -+ 1(51+ -( (1?(. .,.5 --.>(* ( /0 1(*(* .- ( ' C+/+ -((1?( (*1=(- 5+ 1.5. :*(5; L( (1?( B 5+ ):.. .**.1(*((' L( (1?( A ):.. .* *.1(*(( .5 Q6 3 ('

 P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

 U5( (1?( *1( . :5( (1?( <:. 5+ ):.. .* *.1(*(( 5

(=.1(* -( :*(5 1+1(- .- )*+.1+' E5 +1*( )(-(,*(; .5 .- 1./)+ /01./)*(5+ .- 1./)+ /0 1(*. . 5+ . -( (1?( +5 51+' U5

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 23/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

2

(/5+ .. .- 5++ 5(- (- =5(- +511:+ +-+ )+* (1?(. *1(. .5+/5( *:1( *1(' E .*; +511:. .- (/5+ <:. 5+ ):.. .**.1*((+ 5 (=.1(* -( :*(5 .- )*+.1+; + ,.5; -( *:1( /0 -(*>(.51*. -+ 5++ 5(- =5(-'

D. (:.*+ ( -( .=5+5. (51.*+*.; -( *:1( *1( .- )*+.1++**.)+5. ( -( (1?(. BQ ://Q DQEQF; -( :(-. 9(5 +/(*(( +5 :5( -5.( /0 +:*(

 P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

S. +515( +)(5+ -+ 1./)+ .1.*/5(+ .5 -( /(1*@ >:.5+ .->:.51. *1.*+

L+ ?(-+*. .51*. )(*51. +**.)+5.5 ( EF' LF"L+ ?(-+*. .51*. +*9.1. +**.)+5.5 ( ES; LS

E- :(*1+ )(+ . .1.*/5( -( 9+->:*( " <:. 5+ .1.*/5(5 .- 1./)+<:. ):.. *.1*((*. + (.-(51(*. :5( (1?( <:. .1( =:.*( . -( *:1(*1(; /.(51. -( =*/:-(

P(*( ?.* -( 1(,-( .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

C+/+ <:51+ )(+ . .1.*/5(5 -+ ( ( +/)*/* .- )*+.1+; .1. ?(-+*5+ 5( -( )+,-( . (.-.*(* -( (1?(.; .5 =:55 . -+1./)+ )1/+ 1./)+ /.+ /.(51. -( =*/:-(

P(*( ?.* -( 1(,-( .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

L( .?(5 .105(* +-:/5( #6" <:. *.)*..51( -( )*+,(,-( .*.1*(+ + (.-(51+ .5 )*+/.+; . >:(- (- 1./)+ )/+ /.5+ .- 1./)+)1/+ ?+ .51*. 6

 P(*( ?.* -( 1(,-( .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 24/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

23

P+* .=55 *.)*..51( .- 68 . .>:*(' S . ..( :5( .>:*(/(+* .5 .- *.:-1(+; . H . 1+/(*0 .- .<:?(-.51. ( + .?(+5..105(* . ..( :5( .>:*( .- .5 .- 1./)+ . :*(5 . -((1?( . 1+/(*05 1*. .?(+5. .105(*'

D. .1( /(5.*(; )+./+ +,.*?(* <:. -( (1?( F 1.5. :5 1./)+.105(* . #2 :5( .?(5 .105(* . # (' E1+ >5=( <:. .)+*0 ..:1(* .51*. #3 ## ( +5 .- 68 . .>:*( .51*. #4 #$( +5 .- H . .>:*( .51*. #H ( +5 .- . .>:*('M.51*( /(+* .( .- 51.*?(-+ <:. . /.5+5. )(*( -( ..:5; /(+*.*0 -( .>:*( . (.*1(*'

L( .?(5 .105(* .- )*+.1+ . >:(- ( -( :/( . -( .?(+5.

.105(* .- (/5+ *1+E1( .?(5 .*0 -( )*+,(,-( . *.1*(+ . 1++ .- )*+.1+' P+*:):.1+ . -( //( )*+,(,-( . (.-(51+ .- //+'

E5 .- (+ (51.*+* .- (/5+ *1+ .10 (+ )+*

E1+ >5=( <:. .- )*+.1+ . ?( ( ..:1(* .51*.

O .( .51*. 38 33 (; +5 .- 68 . .>:*(' L( .?(5 .105(*):.. .(-(*. +/+ 1+-.*(5( .5 .- .(**+--+ .- )*+.1+'

CRAS8INE5 /:9( +(+5. . 5..(*+ +/)-.1(* :5 )*+.1+ .5 :5 ).*++.1.*/5(+ <:. ):.. .* 5=.*+* ( -( :*(5 . -( *:1( *1(' E5 .1.

(+ . ):.. (>5(* *.:*+ (+5(-. ( (->:5( (1?(. )(*((.-.*(*-( . 9(,-( . :5 )*+.1+ +5 *(95>' E- 9.9+ . 5+*)+*(**.:*+ (+5(-. ( -( ..:5 . :5( (1?( 5?+-:*( :5 (:/.51+ .-+ +1+ )+* .5. .- )*+,-./( . ()-(* *(95> ( :5 )*+.1+ . ):..(+(* ( :5 )*+,-./( . /5/@(5 . +1+ )(*( 1.*/5(* :5 )*+.1+.5 :5 .1.*/5(+ ).*++

L( .( . * (.-.*(5+ -( (1?(. . -( *:1( *1( . 1(- =+*/( ./5/@(* +1+ )+5.5+ (1.55 ( -+ /0*>.5. .5 <:. (( (1?( .

/(51.5. +/+ *1(' E5 .- ../)-+; -( (1?( . /.5+* +1+ .(.-.*(5 . -( C' S5 ./,(*>+ (+ <:. C 5+ ).*1.5.. ( -( *:1( *1( 5+

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 25/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

25

. +5>:. /5:* -( :*(5 .- )*+.1+ (.-.*05+-(' L+ //++:**. +5 -( (1?( A; <:. . -( <:. -. >:. .5 +1+'

L( )*/( (1?( . /.5+* +1+ . (.-.*(5 . -( B; +5 B 2$' E5

.1. (+; +/+ -( (1?( . *1( +5?.5. (.-.*(*-( .51*+ . -+*(5>+ ).*/1+ :(5+ <:. >( .5+ *1(' E- -/1. .(.-.*(5 )+* .5:5(+ . 4; /.51*( <:. .- -/1. )(*( <:. >( .5+*1( ?.5. (+ )+* -( :*(5 . -( (1?( A' L:.>+; B ):.. .*(.-.*(( .5

Q 6 3 W 4 ( :5 +1+ . 2$ 3 6$' L( 5:.?( *. . /:.1*( .5 -( =>:*(;+5 :5( :*(5 1+1(- . 38 Q 3 3H (

P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

 C+/+ . +,.*?( .5 -( =>:*(; -( (1?( A =+*/( )(*1. 1(/,5 . :5(*:1( *1('

L:.>+; :(-<:.* 5:.?( (.-.*(5 . -( (1?( B .,. 5?+-:*(* 1(/,5( -( (1?( A )(*( 5+ *.1(*(* -( :*(5 .- )*+.1+; . =+*/( <:. .+,1.5. :5 +1+ :51(*+ +5:51+ . #$ K 2$ 3$'

D9+ +1+ +5. +5 .- +1+ . -( +1*( (1?( =(1,-. . (.-.*(*D"; -:.>+ . ):.. .+>.* .5 (.-.*(* D + A B /:-105.(/.51.' L(

=.*.5( .51*. .- 1./)+ /0 1./)*(5+ /0 1(*. . -( (1?( C . (; )+* -+ 1(51+ .- ?(-+* /0/+ . (.-.*(5 )(*( D <:.( +51*+-(+)+* -( *.1*5 . 6 (' C+/+ -( (1?( B ( 9( + (.-.*(( .5 3(; +-+ . )+,-. (.-.*(*-( # ( /0' C+/+ 51.*.( --.>(* -+ /()*+51+ )+,-. ( -+ 2H ( *.<:.*+ . :*(5 .- )*+.1+ . .+>.D; +,1.5.5+ +/+ 5:.?( :*(5 .- )*+.1+ 3HQ H 3$ ('

E- +1+ (+5(- . . H 3$ #H$; -:.>+ .- +1+ 1+1(- (:/:-(+ . .6$ K #H$ 2#$' L( 5:.?( +55 . -( /(--( . /:.1*( .5 -( =>:*('

C+/+ -( *:1( *1( 5+ . ?.5 (-1.*((; (9+*( 1.5. .51+ (.-.*(* -((1?(. E; F +

 A B /:-105.(/.51.' E5 .1. (+ 1.5. .- /.5+* +1+ 51.*?.5* -((1?(. A B; ( :5 ?(-+* :51(*+ . #$ K 2$ 3$' C+/+ B ( =:.*.:( .5 3 (; +-+ . ):.. /5:* # ( /0 . (:.*+ ( -(*.1*+5.' C+5 .--+; -( :*(5 .- )*+.1+ <:.( .5 3$Q# 2; ( +5:5 +1+ 1+1(- (:/:-(+ . 6$K#H$K3$' I/)+5.5+ .- (/,+; . +,1.5.

P(*( ?.* .- >*0=+ .-.+5. -( +)5 D.(*>(* .- /.5 :).*+*

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 26/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

26

S. +5-:. <:. .- +1+ . (.-.*(* .- )*+.1+ ( 2 ( . .#3HK6$K#H$K3$37H

C)NCLUSI)NES E- PERT CPM 9(5 + ()-(+ ( 5:/.*++ )*+.1+' E/).@(5+

+5 : ()-(5 5(- (- )*+.1+ P+-(* (- /(51.5/.51+ .)-(51( <:/(; 9+ .--+ : ?(*(51." . ()-(5 ( -(

+51*:5 . (**.1.*( . .=+; (- .(**+--+  )*+:5 . (*1:-+ . (-1( 1.5+-+>(  1(-. +/+ (?+5.;?.9:-+ .)((-.; ,(*+ +/):1(+*.'

E- PERT . .(**+-- )(*( )*+.1+ .5 +5. 9:,.*( 5.*1:/,*..5 .- 1./)+ . -( (1?(. ::(-/.51. .,+ ( <:. .- )*+.1+5:5( . 9(,( 51.51(+ (51. )+* 1(51+ 5+ 9(,( ,(. . (1+;)(*( -+ 1./)+ . -( (1?(."' E1+ +5:+ (- .5=+<:.)*+,(,-1+ <:. . 1+/' M.51*( <:. .5 PERT -+ .1/(+ .

1./)+ : 1*,:+5. 9(5 + . +51*+?.*(; .- PERXIX 9(+511:+ :5( 9.**(/.51( 1- )(*( -( (/51*(5 . )*+.1+'

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 27/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

24

L( )*5)(- .?.51(( . <:. 5+ . =:5+5(- )(*( >*(5.)*+.1+; .,+ ( -+ 1*. .1/(+ . 1./)+ <:. . *.<:.*.5 .5(( (1?( ( -( ()(( -/1(( . -+ +/):1(+*. (1:(-.;)(*( (-/(.5(* .1( ?(1( (51( . (1+' A./0; .- +1+ .

(1:(-@(* /(51.5.* -( 5=+*/(5 .- )*+.1+ +5 .- 1./)+ .5(/,.51. 1(5 50/+; ):.. .* ..?(/.51. )*+9,1?+'

P+* +1*( )(*1.; .- CPM . .(**+-- )(*( /(5.(* )*+.1+*.).11?+ + /-(*. .'; /(51.5/.51+ . )-(51( <:/("'O,?(/.51.; . >(5( >*(5 (51( . .).*.5( +5 .- 1./)+ .51(-. *:51(5(; (:5 :(5+ + )*+.1+ ):.. <:. 5+ .(5>:(-.' E1( .).*.5( --.? (- (50- . 15( . +-5:1-@(( .5 -( *.. CPM'

R!s%&!n

INTRODUCCIÓN

La problemática de la planeación de proyectos no ha sido una problemática reciente, si no que

desde tiempos pasados nuestros antepasados han enfrentado emprendimientos de gran

envergadura que significaron una problemática desde el punto de la planificación.

PERT: Las traducciones de las siglas en inglés significan: técnica de revisión y evaluación de

programas, es una técnica de redes desarrollado en la década de los 5.

Actividades:

•  !ctividad ficticia

• "iempo optimista

• "iempo más probable

• "iempo normal

• "iempo acelerado

CPM: La traducción de las siglas en inglés significan: método del camino cr#tico, es uno de los

sistemas que siguen los principios de redes, que fue desarrollado en $%5&.

Actividades:

• 'vento• (ama

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 28/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

2

• (uta cr#tica o ruta critico

• )iagrama de red

Antecedentes:

'l método *'(" se desarrolló por la !rmada de los 'stados +nidos de !mérica, en $%5&.

'l método *- segundo origen del método actual.

Diferencias:

Pert: *robabil#stico.

'l tiempo esperado las actividades sobre la ruta cr#tica.

Cpm:

)etermin#stico. a que considera que los tiempos de las actividades se conocen y se

pueden variar cambiando el nivel de recursos utili/ados.

Usos:

• 0ue el proyecto sea 1nico, no repetitivo, en algunas partes o en su totalidad.

• 0ue se deba e2ecutar todo el proyecto o parte de el, en un tiempo m#nimo, sin

variaciones, es decir, en tiempo cr#tico.

• 0ue se desee el costo de operación más ba2o posible dentro de un tiempo disponible.

Ventajas:

• 'nse3a una disciplina lógica para planificar y organi/ar un programa detallado de largo

alcance.

• *roporciona una metodolog#a 4tandard de comunicar los planes del proyecto mediante

un cuadro de tres dimensiones.

• dentifica los elementos 6segmentos7 más cr#ticos del plan, en

que problemas potenciales puedan per2udicar el cumplimiento del programa propuesto.

Procedimiento:

*ara aplicar *- o *'(" se requiere conocer la lista de actividades que incluye un proyecto.

4e considera que el proyecto está terminado cuando todas las actividades han sido

completadas. *ara cada actividad, puede e8istir un con2unto de actividades predecesoras que

deben ser completadas antes de que comience la nueva actividad.

Mtodo CPM

*asos en el planeamiento del proyecto del *-

• 'specifique las actividades individuales

• )etermine la secuencia de esas actividades

• )ibu2e un diagrama de la red.

• 'specifique las actividades individuales

Mtodo PERT

7/24/2019 Monografia de Pert y Cpm

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/monografia-de-pert-y-cpm 29/29

 TECNICA DE REDES: PERT Y CPM

En CPM se asume que la duración de cada actividad es conocida con certe/a. laramente, en

muchas ocasiones este supuesto no es válido.

PERT intenta corregir este error suponiendo que la duración de cada actividad es una variable

aleatoria.

*ara cada activad, se requiere estimar las siguientes cantidades:

a 9 Tiempo Optimista! )uración de la actividad ba2o las condiciones más favorables

" 9 Tiempo Pesimista! )uración de la actividad ba2o las condiciones más

desfavorables

m 9 Tiempo Norma#! 'l valor más probable de la duración de la actividad.

Cras$in%

'n muchas ocasiones es necesario completar un proyecto en un periodo determinado que

puede ser inferior a la duración de la ruta cr#tica.

Conc#&siones

'l *'(" y *- han sido aplicados a numerosos proyectos. 'mpe/ando con su aplicación

inicial al proyecto *olaris y al mantenimiento de plantas qu#micas, hoy ellos 6y sus variantes7 se

aplican a la construcción de carreteras y de edificios, y al desarrollo y producción de art#culos

de alta tecnolog#a tales como aviones, veh#culos espaciales, barcos y computadores.