MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIESBY APARNA AND GOMATHI

Antibodies are protein produced from B-lymphocytes

part of defense system against antigensanitgens has specific antigen determinats -

epitopesantibodies have complementary determining

regions

INTRODUCTION

B-lymphocytes produce many antibodies which react with same antigens

called polygonal antibodiestheir production is variable depends on epitopes

monoclonal antibodies (MAB)➔single type of antibody directed against

specific antigenic determinant➔In early years, animals are immunized

against specific antigen➔B-lymphocytes were isolated and cultured

In - vitro for MBAS➔Immortal MBS producing cell do exist in

nature

MAB●Found in cancer patients suffering from

disease called multiple myeloma●George kohler and Cesar milstein-1975●hybridize antibody producing B-lymphocytes

with myeloma cells Invitro , create Hybridoma

●production of monoclonal antibodies by hybrid cells - Hybridoma technology

PRINCIPLEmyeloma cells - Must not be capable of

synthesizing their own antibodiesselection is based on, inhibiting nucleotide

synthesisnucleotide synthesis - de novo & salvage

pathway

DE-NOVO DIHYDROFOLATE AMINOPTERIN TETRAHYDROFOLATE (Precursors)

SALVAGE HYPOXANTHINE THYMIDINE HGPRT TK (thymidine kinase)

NUCLEOTIDES

mutated cells in HGPRT

grown in HAT

cannot survive