Mihnea Popa - Roma Tre Universityricerca.mat.uniroma3.it/users/lopez/GGAACXII/Popa-beam.pdf ·...
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Direct images of pluricanonical bundles
Mihnea Popa
University of Illinois, Chicago
TorinoJune 5, 2014
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 1
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Joint work with Christian Schnell – arXiv:1405.6125.
X smooth projective variety, dimC X = n; L ample line bundle on X .
Fujita Conjecture: ωX ⊗ L⊗m is globally generated for all m ≥ n + 1.
Known only in dimension up to four (Reider, Ein-Lazarsfeld,Kawamata), but ok when L is very ample. More generally:
Proposition
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n.
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y . Then
R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1
is globally generated for all i ≥ 0.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 2
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Joint work with Christian Schnell – arXiv:1405.6125.
X smooth projective variety, dimC X = n; L ample line bundle on X .
Fujita Conjecture: ωX ⊗ L⊗m is globally generated for all m ≥ n + 1.
Known only in dimension up to four (Reider, Ein-Lazarsfeld,Kawamata), but ok when L is very ample. More generally:
Proposition
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n.
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y . Then
R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1
is globally generated for all i ≥ 0.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 2
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Joint work with Christian Schnell – arXiv:1405.6125.
X smooth projective variety, dimC X = n; L ample line bundle on X .
Fujita Conjecture: ωX ⊗ L⊗m is globally generated for all m ≥ n + 1.
Known only in dimension up to four (Reider, Ein-Lazarsfeld,Kawamata), but ok when L is very ample. More generally:
Proposition
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n.
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y . Then
R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1
is globally generated for all i ≥ 0.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 2
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Joint work with Christian Schnell – arXiv:1405.6125.
X smooth projective variety, dimC X = n; L ample line bundle on X .
Fujita Conjecture: ωX ⊗ L⊗m is globally generated for all m ≥ n + 1.
Known only in dimension up to four (Reider, Ein-Lazarsfeld,Kawamata), but ok when L is very ample. More generally:
Proposition
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n.
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y . Then
R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1
is globally generated for all i ≥ 0.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 2
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Kodaira Vanishing: L ample =⇒ H i (X , ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Kollar Vanishing)
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth
L ample line bundle on Y . Then
H j(Y ,R i f∗ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i and all j > 0.
F ∈ Coh(Y ) is 0-regular w.r.t. L ample and globally generated if
H i (Y ,F ⊗ L⊗−i ) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Castelnuovo-Mumford Lemma)
F 0-regular sheaf on Y =⇒ F globally generated.
Kollar Vanishing =⇒ R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is 0-regular.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 3
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Kodaira Vanishing: L ample =⇒ H i (X , ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Kollar Vanishing)
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth
L ample line bundle on Y . Then
H j(Y ,R i f∗ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i and all j > 0.
F ∈ Coh(Y ) is 0-regular w.r.t. L ample and globally generated if
H i (Y ,F ⊗ L⊗−i ) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Castelnuovo-Mumford Lemma)
F 0-regular sheaf on Y =⇒ F globally generated.
Kollar Vanishing =⇒ R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is 0-regular.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 3
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Kodaira Vanishing: L ample =⇒ H i (X , ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Kollar Vanishing)
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth
L ample line bundle on Y . Then
H j(Y ,R i f∗ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i and all j > 0.
F ∈ Coh(Y ) is 0-regular w.r.t. L ample and globally generated if
H i (Y ,F ⊗ L⊗−i ) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Castelnuovo-Mumford Lemma)
F 0-regular sheaf on Y =⇒ F globally generated.
Kollar Vanishing =⇒ R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is 0-regular.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 3
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Kodaira Vanishing: L ample =⇒ H i (X , ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Kollar Vanishing)
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth
L ample line bundle on Y . Then
H j(Y ,R i f∗ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i and all j > 0.
F ∈ Coh(Y ) is 0-regular w.r.t. L ample and globally generated if
H i (Y ,F ⊗ L⊗−i ) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Castelnuovo-Mumford Lemma)
F 0-regular sheaf on Y =⇒ F globally generated.
Kollar Vanishing =⇒ R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is 0-regular.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 3
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Vanishing, regularity, and Fujita-type statements
Kodaira Vanishing: L ample =⇒ H i (X , ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Kollar Vanishing)
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth
L ample line bundle on Y . Then
H j(Y ,R i f∗ωX ⊗ L) = 0 for all i and all j > 0.
F ∈ Coh(Y ) is 0-regular w.r.t. L ample and globally generated if
H i (Y ,F ⊗ L⊗−i ) = 0 for all i > 0.
Theorem (Castelnuovo-Mumford Lemma)
F 0-regular sheaf on Y =⇒ F globally generated.
Kollar Vanishing =⇒ R i f∗ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is 0-regular.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 3
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Powers of canonical bundles
Question: How about powers ω⊗kX , k ≥ 2?
Motivation: Say X smooth projective, L ample on XMMP=⇒
ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is nef.
By Kodaira Vanishing, this implies
H i (X , ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗k(n+1)−n) = 0 for all i > 0.
since
kKX +(k(n + 1)− n
)L = KX + (k − 1)
(KX + (n + 1)L
)+ L.
This is the type of effective vanishing statement we would like forf∗ω⊗kX .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 4
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Powers of canonical bundles
Question: How about powers ω⊗kX , k ≥ 2?
Motivation: Say X smooth projective, L ample on XMMP=⇒
ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is nef.
By Kodaira Vanishing, this implies
H i (X , ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗k(n+1)−n) = 0 for all i > 0.
since
kKX +(k(n + 1)− n
)L = KX + (k − 1)
(KX + (n + 1)L
)+ L.
This is the type of effective vanishing statement we would like forf∗ω⊗kX .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 4
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Powers of canonical bundles
Question: How about powers ω⊗kX , k ≥ 2?
Motivation: Say X smooth projective, L ample on XMMP=⇒
ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is nef.
By Kodaira Vanishing, this implies
H i (X , ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗k(n+1)−n) = 0 for all i > 0.
since
kKX +(k(n + 1)− n
)L = KX + (k − 1)
(KX + (n + 1)L
)+ L.
This is the type of effective vanishing statement we would like forf∗ω⊗kX .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 4
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Powers of canonical bundles
Question: How about powers ω⊗kX , k ≥ 2?
Motivation: Say X smooth projective, L ample on XMMP=⇒
ωX ⊗ L⊗n+1 is nef.
By Kodaira Vanishing, this implies
H i (X , ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗k(n+1)−n) = 0 for all i > 0.
since
kKX +(k(n + 1)− n
)L = KX + (k − 1)
(KX + (n + 1)L
)+ L.
This is the type of effective vanishing statement we would like forf∗ω⊗kX .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 4
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Powers of canonical bundles
How about effective global generation?
Conjecture
f : X → Y morphism of smooth projective varieties, dimY = n
L ample on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m
is globally generated for m ≥ k(n + 1).
Would follow immediately from Fujita when f = Id.
When k = 1, proved by Kawamata in dimension up to 4 when thebranch locus of f is an SNC divisor.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 5
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Powers of canonical bundles
How about effective global generation?
Conjecture
f : X → Y morphism of smooth projective varieties, dimY = n
L ample on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m
is globally generated for m ≥ k(n + 1).
Would follow immediately from Fujita when f = Id.
When k = 1, proved by Kawamata in dimension up to 4 when thebranch locus of f is an SNC divisor.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 5
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Powers of canonical bundles
How about effective global generation?
Conjecture
f : X → Y morphism of smooth projective varieties, dimY = n
L ample on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m
is globally generated for m ≥ k(n + 1).
Would follow immediately from Fujita when f = Id.
When k = 1, proved by Kawamata in dimension up to 4 when thebranch locus of f is an SNC divisor.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 5
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Powers of canonical bundles
How about effective global generation?
Conjecture
f : X → Y morphism of smooth projective varieties, dimY = n
L ample on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m
is globally generated for m ≥ k(n + 1).
Would follow immediately from Fujita when f = Id.
When k = 1, proved by Kawamata in dimension up to 4 when thebranch locus of f is an SNC divisor.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 5
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Example: curves
The conjecture holds when Y = C = smooth projective curve; veryspecial methods though.
Say f : X → C surjective, C of genus g . Write
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m ' f∗ω
⊗kX/C ⊗ ω
⊗kC ⊗ L⊗m.
The statement follows from the following facts:
Viehweg: f∗ω⊗kX/C is a nef vector bundle on C for all k .
Lemma: E nef vector bundle, L line bundle of degree ≥ 2g =⇒E ⊗ L globally generated.
Uses:
Hartshorne: A vector bundle E on C is nef ⇐⇒ E has no linebundle quotients of negative degree.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 6
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Example: curves
The conjecture holds when Y = C = smooth projective curve; veryspecial methods though.
Say f : X → C surjective, C of genus g . Write
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m ' f∗ω
⊗kX/C ⊗ ω
⊗kC ⊗ L⊗m.
The statement follows from the following facts:
Viehweg: f∗ω⊗kX/C is a nef vector bundle on C for all k .
Lemma: E nef vector bundle, L line bundle of degree ≥ 2g =⇒E ⊗ L globally generated.
Uses:
Hartshorne: A vector bundle E on C is nef ⇐⇒ E has no linebundle quotients of negative degree.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 6
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Example: curves
The conjecture holds when Y = C = smooth projective curve; veryspecial methods though.
Say f : X → C surjective, C of genus g . Write
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m ' f∗ω
⊗kX/C ⊗ ω
⊗kC ⊗ L⊗m.
The statement follows from the following facts:
Viehweg: f∗ω⊗kX/C is a nef vector bundle on C for all k .
Lemma: E nef vector bundle, L line bundle of degree ≥ 2g =⇒E ⊗ L globally generated.
Uses:
Hartshorne: A vector bundle E on C is nef ⇐⇒ E has no linebundle quotients of negative degree.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 6
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Example: curves
The conjecture holds when Y = C = smooth projective curve; veryspecial methods though.
Say f : X → C surjective, C of genus g . Write
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m ' f∗ω
⊗kX/C ⊗ ω
⊗kC ⊗ L⊗m.
The statement follows from the following facts:
Viehweg: f∗ω⊗kX/C is a nef vector bundle on C for all k .
Lemma: E nef vector bundle, L line bundle of degree ≥ 2g =⇒E ⊗ L globally generated.
Uses:
Hartshorne: A vector bundle E on C is nef ⇐⇒ E has no linebundle quotients of negative degree.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 6
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Extension of Kollar’s result for i = 0
Theorem
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n.
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m
is 0-regular, and therefore globally generated, for m ≥ k(n + 1).
Effectivity of the result is crucial in applications; explained later. Also,equally useful:
Variant
The same holds if f is a fibration (i.e. its fibers are irreducible) and ωX isreplaced by ωX ⊗M, where M is a nef and f -big line bundle.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 7
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Extension of Kollar’s result for i = 0
Theorem
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n.
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m
is 0-regular, and therefore globally generated, for m ≥ k(n + 1).
Effectivity of the result is crucial in applications; explained later. Also,equally useful:
Variant
The same holds if f is a fibration (i.e. its fibers are irreducible) and ωX isreplaced by ωX ⊗M, where M is a nef and f -big line bundle.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 7
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Extension of Kollar’s result for i = 0
Theorem
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n.
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m
is 0-regular, and therefore globally generated, for m ≥ k(n + 1).
Effectivity of the result is crucial in applications; explained later. Also,equally useful:
Variant
The same holds if f is a fibration (i.e. its fibers are irreducible) and ωX isreplaced by ωX ⊗M, where M is a nef and f -big line bundle.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 7
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Extension to log-canonical pairs
Important to extend to pairs; recall that (X ,∆) is log-canonical ifKX + ∆ is Q-Cartier and on a log-resolution µ : X → X we have
KX − µ∗(KX + ∆) = P − N
with: • P, N effective, P exceptional, no common components.• N =
∑aiEi with all ai ≤ 1.
Extension of Kollar vanishing:
Theorem (Ambro-Fujino Vanishing)
Same setting; let (X ,∆) be a log-canonical pair such that ∆ is a Q-divisorwith SNC support
B line bundle on X such that B ∼Q KX + ∆ + f ∗H, with H ample Q-CartierQ-divisor on Y . Then
H j(Y ,R i f∗B) = 0 for all i and all j > 0.
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Extension to log-canonical pairs
Important to extend to pairs; recall that (X ,∆) is log-canonical ifKX + ∆ is Q-Cartier and on a log-resolution µ : X → X we have
KX − µ∗(KX + ∆) = P − N
with: • P, N effective, P exceptional, no common components.• N =
∑aiEi with all ai ≤ 1.
Extension of Kollar vanishing:
Theorem (Ambro-Fujino Vanishing)
Same setting; let (X ,∆) be a log-canonical pair such that ∆ is a Q-divisorwith SNC support
B line bundle on X such that B ∼Q KX + ∆ + f ∗H, with H ample Q-CartierQ-divisor on Y . Then
H j(Y ,R i f∗B) = 0 for all i and all j > 0.
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The main technical result is a vanishing theorem partially extendingAmbro-Fujino vanishing in the case i = 0.
Theorem
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X normal, dimY = n.
(X ,∆) log-canonical Q-pair on X .
B line bundle on X such that B ∼Q k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H) for some k ≥ 1, Hample Q-Cartier Q-divisor on Y .
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y . Then:
H i (Y , f∗B ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0 and m ≥ (k − 1)(n + 1− t)− t + 1,
where t := sup {s ∈ Q | H − sL is ample}.
Special case: If k(KX + ∆) is Cartier, can take H = L and t = 1, so:
H i (Y , f∗OX
(k(KX + ∆)
)⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for m ≥ k(n + 1)− n.
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The main technical result is a vanishing theorem partially extendingAmbro-Fujino vanishing in the case i = 0.
Theorem
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X normal, dimY = n.
(X ,∆) log-canonical Q-pair on X .
B line bundle on X such that B ∼Q k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H) for some k ≥ 1, Hample Q-Cartier Q-divisor on Y .
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y . Then:
H i (Y , f∗B ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0 and m ≥ (k − 1)(n + 1− t)− t + 1,
where t := sup {s ∈ Q | H − sL is ample}.
Special case: If k(KX + ∆) is Cartier, can take H = L and t = 1, so:
H i (Y , f∗OX
(k(KX + ∆)
)⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for m ≥ k(n + 1)− n.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 9
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The main technical result is a vanishing theorem partially extendingAmbro-Fujino vanishing in the case i = 0.
Theorem
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X normal, dimY = n.
(X ,∆) log-canonical Q-pair on X .
B line bundle on X such that B ∼Q k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H) for some k ≥ 1, Hample Q-Cartier Q-divisor on Y .
L ample and globally generated line bundle on Y . Then:
H i (Y , f∗B ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0 and m ≥ (k − 1)(n + 1− t)− t + 1,
where t := sup {s ∈ Q | H − sL is ample}.
Special case: If k(KX + ∆) is Cartier, can take H = L and t = 1, so:
H i (Y , f∗OX
(k(KX + ∆)
)⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for m ≥ k(n + 1)− n.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 9
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Main idea
Theorem implies the main global generation result (and an extensionto log-canonical pairs) via 0-regularity.
Idea of proof: a combination of Viehweg-style methods towards weakpositivity and the use of Kollar and Ambro-Fujino vanishing. Recall:
B ∼Q k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H), k ≥ 1, (X ,∆) log-canonical, f : X → Y .
Consider adjunction morphism
f ∗f∗B → B
Log-resolution arguments =⇒ reduce to X smooth, the image isB ⊗OX (−E ), and E + ∆ divisor with SNC support.
Consider smallest p ≥ 0 such that f∗B ⊗ L⊗p globally generated
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Main idea
Theorem implies the main global generation result (and an extensionto log-canonical pairs) via 0-regularity.
Idea of proof: a combination of Viehweg-style methods towards weakpositivity and the use of Kollar and Ambro-Fujino vanishing. Recall:
B ∼Q k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H), k ≥ 1, (X ,∆) log-canonical, f : X → Y .
Consider adjunction morphism
f ∗f∗B → B
Log-resolution arguments =⇒ reduce to X smooth, the image isB ⊗OX (−E ), and E + ∆ divisor with SNC support.
Consider smallest p ≥ 0 such that f∗B ⊗ L⊗p globally generated
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 10
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Main idea
Theorem implies the main global generation result (and an extensionto log-canonical pairs) via 0-regularity.
Idea of proof: a combination of Viehweg-style methods towards weakpositivity and the use of Kollar and Ambro-Fujino vanishing. Recall:
B ∼Q k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H), k ≥ 1, (X ,∆) log-canonical, f : X → Y .
Consider adjunction morphism
f ∗f∗B → B
Log-resolution arguments =⇒ reduce to X smooth, the image isB ⊗OX (−E ), and E + ∆ divisor with SNC support.
Consider smallest p ≥ 0 such that f∗B ⊗ L⊗p globally generated
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 10
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Main idea
Theorem implies the main global generation result (and an extensionto log-canonical pairs) via 0-regularity.
Idea of proof: a combination of Viehweg-style methods towards weakpositivity and the use of Kollar and Ambro-Fujino vanishing. Recall:
B ∼Q k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H), k ≥ 1, (X ,∆) log-canonical, f : X → Y .
Consider adjunction morphism
f ∗f∗B → B
Log-resolution arguments =⇒ reduce to X smooth, the image isB ⊗OX (−E ), and E + ∆ divisor with SNC support.
Consider smallest p ≥ 0 such that f∗B ⊗ L⊗p globally generated
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 10
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Main idea
Theorem implies the main global generation result (and an extensionto log-canonical pairs) via 0-regularity.
Idea of proof: a combination of Viehweg-style methods towards weakpositivity and the use of Kollar and Ambro-Fujino vanishing. Recall:
B ∼Q k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H), k ≥ 1, (X ,∆) log-canonical, f : X → Y .
Consider adjunction morphism
f ∗f∗B → B
Log-resolution arguments =⇒ reduce to X smooth, the image isB ⊗OX (−E ), and E + ∆ divisor with SNC support.
Consider smallest p ≥ 0 such that f∗B ⊗ L⊗p globally generated
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Idea of proof:
Obtain
B + pf ∗L ∼ k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H) + pf ∗L ∼ D + E
with D smooth and transverse to the support of E + ∆.
Interesting reduction leads to
B − E ′ + mf ∗L ∼Q KX + ∆′ + f ∗H ′,
where ∆′ is log-canonical with SNC support, E ′ is contained in therelative base locus of B, and
H ′ ample ⇐⇒ m + t − k − 1
k· p > 0.
Ambro-Fujino Vanishing then implies in this range:
H i (Y , f∗B ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0.
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Idea of proof:
Obtain
B + pf ∗L ∼ k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H) + pf ∗L ∼ D + E
with D smooth and transverse to the support of E + ∆.
Interesting reduction leads to
B − E ′ + mf ∗L ∼Q KX + ∆′ + f ∗H ′,
where ∆′ is log-canonical with SNC support, E ′ is contained in therelative base locus of B, and
H ′ ample ⇐⇒ m + t − k − 1
k· p > 0.
Ambro-Fujino Vanishing then implies in this range:
H i (Y , f∗B ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0.
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Idea of proof:
Obtain
B + pf ∗L ∼ k(KX + ∆ + f ∗H) + pf ∗L ∼ D + E
with D smooth and transverse to the support of E + ∆.
Interesting reduction leads to
B − E ′ + mf ∗L ∼Q KX + ∆′ + f ∗H ′,
where ∆′ is log-canonical with SNC support, E ′ is contained in therelative base locus of B, and
H ′ ample ⇐⇒ m + t − k − 1
k· p > 0.
Ambro-Fujino Vanishing then implies in this range:
H i (Y , f∗B ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0.
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Idea of proof:
Get that f∗B ⊗ L⊗m is 0-regular, hence globally generated, for
m >k − 1
k· p − t + n.
But we’ve chosen p minimal with this same property, which thenimplies all the effective inequalities we’re looking for:
m ≤ k(n + 1)− n and p ≤ k(n + 1).
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Idea of proof:
Get that f∗B ⊗ L⊗m is 0-regular, hence globally generated, for
m >k − 1
k· p − t + n.
But we’ve chosen p minimal with this same property, which thenimplies all the effective inequalities we’re looking for:
m ≤ k(n + 1)− n and p ≤ k(n + 1).
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Applications
The effective statements above govern different types of applications:
Vanishing theorems for direct images of pluricanonical bundles.
(Effective) weak positivity, and subadditivity of Iitaka dimension.
Generic vanishing for direct images of pluricanonical bundles.
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Applications
The effective statements above govern different types of applications:
Vanishing theorems for direct images of pluricanonical bundles.
(Effective) weak positivity, and subadditivity of Iitaka dimension.
Generic vanishing for direct images of pluricanonical bundles.
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Applications
The effective statements above govern different types of applications:
Vanishing theorems for direct images of pluricanonical bundles.
(Effective) weak positivity, and subadditivity of Iitaka dimension.
Generic vanishing for direct images of pluricanonical bundles.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 13
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Applications
The effective statements above govern different types of applications:
Vanishing theorems for direct images of pluricanonical bundles.
(Effective) weak positivity, and subadditivity of Iitaka dimension.
Generic vanishing for direct images of pluricanonical bundles.
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Vanishing theorems
We have seen that the key result is a partial extension ofAmbro-Fujino. It implies:
Corollary
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n
L ample and globally generated on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
H i (Y , f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0 and m ≥ k(n + 1)− n.
Relative Fujita: Case k = 1 of the main conjecture says thatf∗ωX ⊗ L⊗m is globally generated for m ≥ n + 1, L ample.
Corollary
If Relative Fujita holds, then the Corollary above holds with L onlyassumed to be ample.
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Vanishing theorems
We have seen that the key result is a partial extension ofAmbro-Fujino. It implies:
Corollary
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n
L ample and globally generated on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
H i (Y , f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0 and m ≥ k(n + 1)− n.
Relative Fujita: Case k = 1 of the main conjecture says thatf∗ωX ⊗ L⊗m is globally generated for m ≥ n + 1, L ample.
Corollary
If Relative Fujita holds, then the Corollary above holds with L onlyassumed to be ample.
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Vanishing theorems
We have seen that the key result is a partial extension ofAmbro-Fujino. It implies:
Corollary
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n
L ample and globally generated on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
H i (Y , f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0 and m ≥ k(n + 1)− n.
Relative Fujita: Case k = 1 of the main conjecture says thatf∗ωX ⊗ L⊗m is globally generated for m ≥ n + 1, L ample.
Corollary
If Relative Fujita holds, then the Corollary above holds with L onlyassumed to be ample.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 14
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Vanishing theorems
We have seen that the key result is a partial extension ofAmbro-Fujino. It implies:
Corollary
f : X → Y morphism of projective varieties, X smooth, dimY = n
L ample and globally generated on Y , k ≥ 1. Then
H i (Y , f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ L⊗m) = 0 for all i > 0 and m ≥ k(n + 1)− n.
Relative Fujita: Case k = 1 of the main conjecture says thatf∗ωX ⊗ L⊗m is globally generated for m ≥ n + 1, L ample.
Corollary
If Relative Fujita holds, then the Corollary above holds with L onlyassumed to be ample.
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Weak positivity
Fundamental notion introduced by Viehweg:
Definition: A torsion-free F on X projective is weakly positive on anon-empty open set U ⊆ X if for every ample A on X and a ∈ N, thesheaf S [ab]F ⊗ A⊗b is generated by global sections over U for b � 0.(S [p]F := reflexive hull of SpF .)
Intuition: higher rank generalization of pseudo-effective line bundles;very roughly, there exists a fixed line bundle A such that F⊗a ⊗ A isglobally generated over a fixed open set U, for all a ≥ 0.
Theorem (Viehweg)
If f : X → Y is a surjective morphism of smooth projective varieties, thenf∗ω⊗kX/Y is weakly positive for every k ≥ 1.
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Weak positivity
Fundamental notion introduced by Viehweg:
Definition: A torsion-free F on X projective is weakly positive on anon-empty open set U ⊆ X if for every ample A on X and a ∈ N, thesheaf S [ab]F ⊗ A⊗b is generated by global sections over U for b � 0.(S [p]F := reflexive hull of SpF .)
Intuition: higher rank generalization of pseudo-effective line bundles;very roughly, there exists a fixed line bundle A such that F⊗a ⊗ A isglobally generated over a fixed open set U, for all a ≥ 0.
Theorem (Viehweg)
If f : X → Y is a surjective morphism of smooth projective varieties, thenf∗ω⊗kX/Y is weakly positive for every k ≥ 1.
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Weak positivity
Fundamental notion introduced by Viehweg:
Definition: A torsion-free F on X projective is weakly positive on anon-empty open set U ⊆ X if for every ample A on X and a ∈ N, thesheaf S [ab]F ⊗ A⊗b is generated by global sections over U for b � 0.(S [p]F := reflexive hull of SpF .)
Intuition: higher rank generalization of pseudo-effective line bundles;very roughly, there exists a fixed line bundle A such that F⊗a ⊗ A isglobally generated over a fixed open set U, for all a ≥ 0.
Theorem (Viehweg)
If f : X → Y is a surjective morphism of smooth projective varieties, thenf∗ω⊗kX/Y is weakly positive for every k ≥ 1.
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Weak positivity
Case k = 1 typically uses Hodge theory (Fujita, Kawamata) –however Kollar provided effective version using vanishing theorems.
Results above allow us to do the same for k > 1.
Theorem
f : X → Y surjective “mild” morphism of smooth projective varieties,
L ample and globally generated on Y , A := ωY ⊗ L⊗n+1, s ≥ 1. Then
f∗(ω⊗kX/Y )[⊗s] ⊗ A⊗k
is globally generated on fixed open set U containing the smooth locus of f .
Implies Viehweg’s result via semistable reduction.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 16
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Weak positivity
Case k = 1 typically uses Hodge theory (Fujita, Kawamata) –however Kollar provided effective version using vanishing theorems.
Results above allow us to do the same for k > 1.
Theorem
f : X → Y surjective “mild” morphism of smooth projective varieties,
L ample and globally generated on Y , A := ωY ⊗ L⊗n+1, s ≥ 1. Then
f∗(ω⊗kX/Y )[⊗s] ⊗ A⊗k
is globally generated on fixed open set U containing the smooth locus of f .
Implies Viehweg’s result via semistable reduction.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 16
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Weak positivity
Case k = 1 typically uses Hodge theory (Fujita, Kawamata) –however Kollar provided effective version using vanishing theorems.
Results above allow us to do the same for k > 1.
Theorem
f : X → Y surjective “mild” morphism of smooth projective varieties,
L ample and globally generated on Y , A := ωY ⊗ L⊗n+1, s ≥ 1. Then
f∗(ω⊗kX/Y )[⊗s] ⊗ A⊗k
is globally generated on fixed open set U containing the smooth locus of f .
Implies Viehweg’s result via semistable reduction.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 16
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Weak positivity
Case k = 1 typically uses Hodge theory (Fujita, Kawamata) –however Kollar provided effective version using vanishing theorems.
Results above allow us to do the same for k > 1.
Theorem
f : X → Y surjective “mild” morphism of smooth projective varieties,
L ample and globally generated on Y , A := ωY ⊗ L⊗n+1, s ≥ 1. Then
f∗(ω⊗kX/Y )[⊗s] ⊗ A⊗k
is globally generated on fixed open set U containing the smooth locus of f .
Implies Viehweg’s result via semistable reduction.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 16
![Page 56: Mihnea Popa - Roma Tre Universityricerca.mat.uniroma3.it/users/lopez/GGAACXII/Popa-beam.pdf · 2014. 6. 7. · Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles](https://reader035.fdocument.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081601/61038091bbd27d3cdd162245/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Weak positivity
Another advantage: vanishing theorems method extends the pictureto adjoint bundles.
Theorem
f : X → Y fibration between smooth projective varieties, M nef and f -bigline bundle on X =⇒ f∗(ωX/Y ⊗M)⊗k is weakly positive for every k ≥ 1.
Using argument of Viehweg, get subadditivity of Iitaka dimension overa base of general type:
Corollary
In the situation of the Theorem, denote by F the general fiber of f , and byMF the restriction of M to F . If Y is of general type, then
κ(ωX ⊗M) = κ(ωF ⊗MF ) + dimY .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 17
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Weak positivity
Another advantage: vanishing theorems method extends the pictureto adjoint bundles.
Theorem
f : X → Y fibration between smooth projective varieties, M nef and f -bigline bundle on X =⇒ f∗(ωX/Y ⊗M)⊗k is weakly positive for every k ≥ 1.
Using argument of Viehweg, get subadditivity of Iitaka dimension overa base of general type:
Corollary
In the situation of the Theorem, denote by F the general fiber of f , and byMF the restriction of M to F . If Y is of general type, then
κ(ωX ⊗M) = κ(ωF ⊗MF ) + dimY .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 17
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Weak positivity
Another advantage: vanishing theorems method extends the pictureto adjoint bundles.
Theorem
f : X → Y fibration between smooth projective varieties, M nef and f -bigline bundle on X =⇒ f∗(ωX/Y ⊗M)⊗k is weakly positive for every k ≥ 1.
Using argument of Viehweg, get subadditivity of Iitaka dimension overa base of general type:
Corollary
In the situation of the Theorem, denote by F the general fiber of f , and byMF the restriction of M to F . If Y is of general type, then
κ(ωX ⊗M) = κ(ωF ⊗MF ) + dimY .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 17
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Generic vanishing
Definition: A abelian variety, F ∈ Coh(A) =⇒ F is a GV -sheaf iffor all i ≥ 0:
codimPic0(A){α ∈ Pic0(A) | H i (A,F ⊗ α) 6= 0} ≥ i
Generic vanishing theorems address this property, especially for ωX ;crucial for studying the birational geometry of X with b1(X ) 6= 0.
Green-Lazarsfeld: If f : X → A is generically finite onto its image,then f∗ωX is a GV -sheaf.
Statement in fact stronger, but anyway generalized as follows:
Hacon: If f : X → A arbitrary morphism, then R i f∗ωX is a GV -sheaf,for all i .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 18
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Generic vanishing
Definition: A abelian variety, F ∈ Coh(A) =⇒ F is a GV -sheaf iffor all i ≥ 0:
codimPic0(A){α ∈ Pic0(A) | H i (A,F ⊗ α) 6= 0} ≥ i
Generic vanishing theorems address this property, especially for ωX ;crucial for studying the birational geometry of X with b1(X ) 6= 0.
Green-Lazarsfeld: If f : X → A is generically finite onto its image,then f∗ωX is a GV -sheaf.
Statement in fact stronger, but anyway generalized as follows:
Hacon: If f : X → A arbitrary morphism, then R i f∗ωX is a GV -sheaf,for all i .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 18
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Generic vanishing
Definition: A abelian variety, F ∈ Coh(A) =⇒ F is a GV -sheaf iffor all i ≥ 0:
codimPic0(A){α ∈ Pic0(A) | H i (A,F ⊗ α) 6= 0} ≥ i
Generic vanishing theorems address this property, especially for ωX ;crucial for studying the birational geometry of X with b1(X ) 6= 0.
Green-Lazarsfeld: If f : X → A is generically finite onto its image,then f∗ωX is a GV -sheaf.
Statement in fact stronger, but anyway generalized as follows:
Hacon: If f : X → A arbitrary morphism, then R i f∗ωX is a GV -sheaf,for all i .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 18
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Generic vanishing
Definition: A abelian variety, F ∈ Coh(A) =⇒ F is a GV -sheaf iffor all i ≥ 0:
codimPic0(A){α ∈ Pic0(A) | H i (A,F ⊗ α) 6= 0} ≥ i
Generic vanishing theorems address this property, especially for ωX ;crucial for studying the birational geometry of X with b1(X ) 6= 0.
Green-Lazarsfeld: If f : X → A is generically finite onto its image,then f∗ωX is a GV -sheaf.
Statement in fact stronger, but anyway generalized as follows:
Hacon: If f : X → A arbitrary morphism, then R i f∗ωX is a GV -sheaf,for all i .
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 18
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Generic vanishing
Theorem
Let f : X → A be a morphism from a smooth projective variety to anabelian variety. Then f∗ω
⊗kX is a GV -sheaf for every k ≥ 1.
Idea: Depends on the fact that via pullback by multiplication maps
·m : A −→ A
f∗ω⊗kX remains of the same form, while (·m)∗L ≡ L⊗m
2.
For m� 0, apply the effective vanishing theorems discussed above +criterion of Hacon.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 19
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Generic vanishing
Theorem
Let f : X → A be a morphism from a smooth projective variety to anabelian variety. Then f∗ω
⊗kX is a GV -sheaf for every k ≥ 1.
Idea: Depends on the fact that via pullback by multiplication maps
·m : A −→ A
f∗ω⊗kX remains of the same form, while (·m)∗L ≡ L⊗m
2.
For m� 0, apply the effective vanishing theorems discussed above +criterion of Hacon.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 19
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Generic vanishing
Theorem
Let f : X → A be a morphism from a smooth projective variety to anabelian variety. Then f∗ω
⊗kX is a GV -sheaf for every k ≥ 1.
Idea: Depends on the fact that via pullback by multiplication maps
·m : A −→ A
f∗ω⊗kX remains of the same form, while (·m)∗L ≡ L⊗m
2.
For m� 0, apply the effective vanishing theorems discussed above +criterion of Hacon.
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 19
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Higher direct images?
The original statements for k = 1 (e.g. Kollar or Ambro-Fujinovanishing, Hacon’s generic vanishing) hold for higher direct images aswell. However, the Viehweg-style methods do not.
Question: Are there analogues of these effective results for R i f∗ω⊗kX
with i > 0?
For instance, for all i and k :
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ Lk(n+1) globally generated?
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX a GV -sheaf?
etc...
No obvious reason why these shouldn’t hold, but would require aninteresting new idea!
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 20
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Higher direct images?
The original statements for k = 1 (e.g. Kollar or Ambro-Fujinovanishing, Hacon’s generic vanishing) hold for higher direct images aswell. However, the Viehweg-style methods do not.
Question: Are there analogues of these effective results for R i f∗ω⊗kX
with i > 0?
For instance, for all i and k :
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ Lk(n+1) globally generated?
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX a GV -sheaf?
etc...
No obvious reason why these shouldn’t hold, but would require aninteresting new idea!
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 20
![Page 68: Mihnea Popa - Roma Tre Universityricerca.mat.uniroma3.it/users/lopez/GGAACXII/Popa-beam.pdf · 2014. 6. 7. · Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles](https://reader035.fdocument.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081601/61038091bbd27d3cdd162245/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Higher direct images?
The original statements for k = 1 (e.g. Kollar or Ambro-Fujinovanishing, Hacon’s generic vanishing) hold for higher direct images aswell. However, the Viehweg-style methods do not.
Question: Are there analogues of these effective results for R i f∗ω⊗kX
with i > 0?
For instance, for all i and k :
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ Lk(n+1) globally generated?
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX a GV -sheaf?
etc...
No obvious reason why these shouldn’t hold, but would require aninteresting new idea!
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 20
![Page 69: Mihnea Popa - Roma Tre Universityricerca.mat.uniroma3.it/users/lopez/GGAACXII/Popa-beam.pdf · 2014. 6. 7. · Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles](https://reader035.fdocument.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081601/61038091bbd27d3cdd162245/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Higher direct images?
The original statements for k = 1 (e.g. Kollar or Ambro-Fujinovanishing, Hacon’s generic vanishing) hold for higher direct images aswell. However, the Viehweg-style methods do not.
Question: Are there analogues of these effective results for R i f∗ω⊗kX
with i > 0?
For instance, for all i and k :
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ Lk(n+1) globally generated?
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX a GV -sheaf?
etc...
No obvious reason why these shouldn’t hold, but would require aninteresting new idea!
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 20
![Page 70: Mihnea Popa - Roma Tre Universityricerca.mat.uniroma3.it/users/lopez/GGAACXII/Popa-beam.pdf · 2014. 6. 7. · Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles](https://reader035.fdocument.pub/reader035/viewer/2022081601/61038091bbd27d3cdd162245/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Higher direct images?
The original statements for k = 1 (e.g. Kollar or Ambro-Fujinovanishing, Hacon’s generic vanishing) hold for higher direct images aswell. However, the Viehweg-style methods do not.
Question: Are there analogues of these effective results for R i f∗ω⊗kX
with i > 0?
For instance, for all i and k :
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX ⊗ Lk(n+1) globally generated?
Is R i f∗ω⊗kX a GV -sheaf?
etc...
No obvious reason why these shouldn’t hold, but would require aninteresting new idea!
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 20
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Thank you! Grazie!
Mihnea Popa (University of Illinois, Chicago) Pluricanonical bundles Torino June 5, 2014 21