metrica paisagem
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7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
1/25
75
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem
conceitos e princpios para a sua quantificao
no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
resumo:
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abstract:
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.H\ :RUGV /DQGVFDSH /DQGVFDSH (FRORJ\
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7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
3/25
77
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
1. estrutura da paisagem
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figura 1
Ts de anchas, sua rge e erssnca. A asage rgnal era lresa de Cnferas. ens da sea rrcnal
erssnca (MA, . (15, . 45)).
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estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
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estudos regionais | n 20
80
figura 2
ras de anchas na asage, rdenadas r rge e fra. (a) Manchas nauras (curvlneares u e fra de aba). (b)
Manchas de rge huana (gercas). Alngaen e cnvlu s cnsderads s ds rers cnenes da fra.
xels ara cada ancha nuerada s: (1) nan, craera, lag e crc glacar, n elevad nua rea hda; (2) erene
e rn de u , rea de nunda e relev ars; (3) erurba n nerr de ua ancha; (4) ela, cne de dejecDOXYLDO'HVOL]DPHQWRDYDODQFKHPDQFKDRUHVWDODRORQJRGHXPDOLQKDGHiJXD/DJRGHRULJHPJODFLDUHPIRUPDGHIHUUDGXUD
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esendend-se elas cueadas adjacenes, erurba r se de afers e vla de u n de gua; (13) erurba
devda a ncnd, erurba r eru de ua raga; (14) va e rn de u u fre, rrga crcular c v;
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adres de us d sl e rn de ua lcaldade cenral; (18) equena albufera e barrage nua exlra agrcla (charca);
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(21) Ca culvad; (22) arway nu ca de glfe, sa de esqu; (23) Ca crad dagnalene r esrada serr;
(24) Mancha de rvres na rea de nersec de vras exlraes agrclas; (25) la u cdade c crescen a lng ds
rncas exs de ransre; (26) Albufera de ua barrage (ran, . (15, . 11)).
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estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
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figura 3
Mudanas de dens e esaaen das anchas c a evlu d us d sl de naural a urban (Marsh, .M. (1, . 363)).
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estudos regionais | n 20
82
1.2 corredores
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FRUUHVSRQGHUDOLPLWHVRXPDUJHQVHFROyJLFDV>@D
HVWUXWXUDYHUWLFDOHKRUL]RQWDOODUJXUDFRPSRVLomRGH
HVSpFLHVHDEXQGkQFLDQDPDUJHPGXPDPDQFKD
GLIHUHP GDV FRQGLo}HV LQWHULRUHV H HP FRQMXQWR
GHQHP R HIHLWR GH PDUJHP 4XHU XP OLPLWH VHMD
FXUYLOtQHRRXUHFWRLQXHQFLDRX[RGHQXWULHQWHV
iJXDHQHUJLDRXHVSpFLHVDWUDYpVGHOH'5$067$'
:(2/621-')250$15S
2VFRUUHGRUHVGHVHPSHQKDPFLQFRWLSRVGHIXQo}HV
)250$15SS)LJXUD
aba 3UHGRPLQDP HVSpFLHV DGDSWDGDV
jV PDUJHQV H JHQHUDOLVWDV VH R FRUUHGRU IRU
VXFLHQWHPHQWH ODUJR SRGH DWp WHU HVSpFLHV GH
figura 4
unes ds crredres. Crredr esre esquerda, larg drea; esces c u nch eclgc as larg usa u u ds
KDELWDWVLQWHULRURXGHPDUJHPPEDL[RDVIXQo}HVFRQGXWDOWURIRQWHHVXPLGRXURRUPDQSS
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
9/25
83
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
LQWHULRU VHQGR DV iUHDV ULStFRODV XP H[HPSOR GH
HVSHFLDOL]DomR GD FRPXQLGDGH YHJHWDO H DQLPDO
(VSpFLHV UDUDV RX DPHDoDGDV HVWmR JHUDOPHQWH
DXVHQWHVDQmRVHUTXHHVWHVFRUUHGRUHVUHSUHVHQWHP
D~QLFDYHJHWDomRQDWXUDOUHPDQHVFHQWH
Cndua 1R FDVR GDV OLQKDV GH iJXD RX HP
TXDOTXHU FDVR HP TXH R WUDQVSRUWH H PRYLPHQWR
SUHGRPLQDP HPERUD SRWHQFLDOPHQWH WRGRV RV
FRUUHGRUHV SRVVXDPSHORPHQRVSDUFLDOPHQWH HVWD
IXQomR1RVFRUUHGRUHVGHVORFDPVHSHVVRDVEHQV
YHtFXORV iJXD VHGLPHQWRV QXWULHQWHV DQLPDLV H
PDWpULD RUJkQLFD 4XDVH WRGDV DV OLQKDV GH iJXD
SULQFLSDLV GHVHPSHQKDP WDPEpP HVWD IXQomR HPWHUPRV GH PRYLPHQWRV GH DQLPDLV DOpP GH WRGD
D UHGH KLGURJUiFD IXQFLRQDU JUDoDV j IXQomR GH
FRQGXWDGDVOLQKDVGHiJXD
lr4XDQGRRX[RTXHDWUDYHVVDRFRUUHGRUp
OWUDGRHTXDQGRVRPHQWHDOJXQVDQLPDLVRSRGHP
DWUDYHVVDU5LRVULEHLUDVHVWUDGDVFDPLQKRVYDODV
SDUHGHVHRXWUDVEDUUHLUDVGLPLQXHPDSHUPHDELOLGDGH
GHSDVVDJHP GHSHQGHQGRGDHVFDODGHDQiOLVHHWLSRGHPRYLPHQWR
ne 6H R FRUUHGRU IRU D ~QLFD PDQFKD SRU
DVVLP GL]HU QD PDWUL] p GHOH TXH YmR GLVSHUVDU
VH H FRORQL]DU R HVSDoR HQYROYHQWH 2XWUR FDVR
pDGLVSHUVmR GHUXtGR SyHSROXHQWHV DSDUWLU GH
HVWUDGDVHFDPLQKRV
udur4XDQGRHOHPHQWRVTXHYrPGDPDWUL]
FRPRDiJXDVHGLPHQWRRXDQLPDLVGHVDSDUHFHP
QRFRUUHGRUeRFDVRGRVVHGLPHQWRVHiJXDVTXH
DWLQJHPRVULRVRXRXWUDTXDOTXHUOLQKDGHiJXDPDV
WDPEpPGRVDQLPDLVTXHPRUUHPDRDWUDYHVVDUYLDV
GHFRPXQLFDomRHVWUDGDVRXXPULREHPFRPRDV
VHPHQWHVTXHFDPUHWLGDVHPVHEHV
2VFRUUHGRUHVVmRFODVVLFiYHLVVHJXQGR0$56+
:0 S TXDQWR j VXD HVWUXWXUD
LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GDVXD RULJHP XVR KXPDQR H
WLSRGH3DLVDJHPFRPR
ne crrdrs &RUUHGRUHV HP OLQKD
FDPLQKRV HVWUDGDV VHEHV OLPLWHV GH
SURSULHGDGHYDODVGHGUHQDJHPHFDQDLVGH
LUULJDomRGRPLQDGRVSRUHVSpFLHVHVSHFtFDV
3RGHP VHUPDLVDOWRVRXPDLVEDL[RV TXH D
HQYROYrQFLDPDLVDOWRVQRFDVRGHXPFRUUHGRU
YHUGHPDLVEDL[RVQRFDVRGHXPDFHLURQXP
SLQKDO
rea (raran) crrdrs &RUUHGRUHV
ULStFRODVPDUJHQVGHOLQKDVGHiJXDYDULDP
HP ODUJXUDFRQVRDQWH D LPSRUWkQFLDGD OLQKD
GHiJXDFRQWURODPRX[RGHiJXDQXWULHQWHV
PLQHUDLV UHGX]LQGR DVVLP D SUREDELOLGDGH
GH FKHLDV H DVVRUHDPHQWR 2UJDQL]DGRV
KLHUDUTXLFDPHQWH
QWHUXYH FRUULGRUV &RUUHGRUHVGH LQWHU~YLR RUJDQL]DGRV HP GHGRV H
LQGLYLGXDOL]DGRV SRU HQWUH RV FRUUHGRUHV GDV
OLQKDVGHiJXDDRORQJRGRVWRSRV7DPEpP
RUJDQL]DGRVKLHUDUTXLFDPHQWH
rd crrdrs &RUUHGRUHV GH JUHOKD
DVVRFLDGRV D VHEHV OLPLWHV GH HVWUDGDV
YDODV GH GUHQDJHP GHFDOFDP XPDHVWUXWXUD
UHFWLOtQHD H SRU YH]HV RUWRJRQDO HP iUHDV
RQGHH[LVWHPVHEHVYLYDVGHFDOFDPDHVWUXWXUD
FDGDVWUDO SRVVXHP FpOXODV GH GLYHUVDV
GLPHQV}HV
egened crrdrs &RUUHGRUHV
VHJPHQWDGRVTXDQGRXPGRVWLSRVDQWHULRUHV
p VHJPHQWDGR EDVLFDPHQWH SRU DFWLYLGDGHV
KXPDQDV FRPR XP ULR LQWHUURPSLGR SRU
EDUUDJHQVSRQWHVRXGLTXHV
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
10/25
estudos regionais | n 20
84
5HVXPLQGR HP WHUPRV GH FRUUHGRUHV XPD
GDV SULQFLSDLV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GRV FRUUHGRUHV p
D FRQHFWLYLGDGH RX SUHVHQoD GH TXHEUDV 1yV
FRQWHQGR HVSpFLHV LQWHULRUHV HVWmR JHUDOPHQWH
DJDUUDGRVD FRUUHGRUHV IRUPDQGR XPDHVWUXWXUD
WLSRFRODUGHFRQWDV2VFRUUHGRUHV WrPJUDGLHQWHV
IRUWHVHPWHUPRVPLFURFOLPiWLFRVHGHVRORHQWUH
XPODGRHRXWUR2FHQWURpWLSLFDPHQWHXPKDELWDW
~QLFRSDUFLDOPHQWHGHWHUPLQDGRSHOR WUDQVSRUWHRX
PRYLPHQWRTXHVHGHVHQURODDRORQJRGRFRUUHGRU
2V FRUUHGRUHV >OLQKD@ VmR HVWUHLWRV H FRPSRVWRV
EDVLFDPHQWHGHHVSpFLHVGHPDUJHPRXPDLVODUJRV
HFRQWHQGRXPDDEXQGkQFLDVLJQLFDWLYDGHHVSpFLHV
LQWHULRUHVDRORQJRGRVHXHL[R>@2HIHLWRGHODUJXUDGRFRUUHGRUH[HUFHXPFRQWURORFKDYHQDQDWXUH]D
GR PHVPR DSOLFDQGRVH HVWDV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV
WDQWRTXDQGR pPDLVDOWR FRPRPDLVEDL[RTXH D
HQYROYrQFLD)250$15*2'5210SS
1.3 matriz
3RU~OWLPR HP WHUPRV GH HOHPHQWRV IXQGDPHQWDLV
GD 3DLVDJHP Ki D PDWUL] TXH FRQVWLWXL HPERUD
QmR GH XPD IRUPD DSDUHQWH R HOHPHQWR PDLV
LPSRUWDQWH SDUD D DQiOLVH H FRPSUHHQVmR HIHFWLYD
GDHVWUXWXUDGD3DLVDJHP3RUGHQLomRDPDWUL]p
RWLSRGH3DLVDJHPPDLVH[WHQVRHPDLVFRQHFWDGR
TXHSRUWDQWRGHVHPSHQKD XPSDSHO GRPLQDQWH QR
IXQFLRQDPHQWRGD3DLVDJHP$VXDGHQLomRQmRp
IiFLOSHORFRQWUiULRpIUDQFDPHQWHVXEMHFWLYDHGHYH
REHGHFHUDRVVHJXLQWHVFULWpULRV)LJXUD
rea relavaTXDQGRXPWLSRGHHOHPHQWRGD3DLVDJHPp FRQVLGHUDYHOPHQWHPDLV H[WHQVR
TXH RV RXWURV SDUHFH OyJLFR FRQVLGHUiOR D
PDWUL]
figura 5
Caracerscas deernanes da arz de ua asage. s d sl branc a arz e cbre 6 % (a), 45% (b) e 5% ns resanes.
$VVHWDVLQGLFDPDGLUHFomRGRVX[RVIDFWRUFKDYHSDUDGHWHUPLQDomRGDPDWUL]pLQGLFDGRSDUDFDGDJUHOKDiUHDFRQHFWLYLGDGH
cnrl sbre a dnca) (ran, . (15, . 2)).
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
11/25
85
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
Cnecvdade D PDWUL] p R HOHPHQWR
PDLV FRQHFWDGR FRP RV UHVWDQWHV WLSRV GH
PDQFKDV QXP FDVR GH ERFDJH HPERUD D
iUHDVHMDPHQRUHVWHWLSRDSUHVHQWDDPDLRU
FRQHFWLYLGDGH
Cnrl da dncaDPDWUL]H[HUFHXP
PDLRU FRQWUROR QD GLQkPLFD GD 3DLVDJHP
GDQGRRULJHPj3DLVDJHPIXWXUD
([LVWHP DLQGD GRLV FRQFHLWRV UHODFLRQDGRV FRP D
PDWUL]TXH LPSRUWDDERUGDUSHODVVXDV LPSOLFDo}HV
H SRVVLELOLGDGHV TXDQWLWDWLYDV GH DYDOLDomR GD
3DLVDJHPDSRURVLGDGHHDIRUPDGDVPDUJHQVGDVPDQFKDVVREUHDPDWUL]
1.3.1 porosidade
3RURVLGDGH pDPHGLGD GDGHQVLGDGH GHPDQFKDV
QD3DLVDJHPTXDQWRPDLRU RQ~PHURGHPDQFKDV
FRP IURQWHLUDV IHFKDGDV PDLRU D SRURVLGDGH
LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GD GLPHQVmR GDV PDQFKDV
VHQGRTXHDSRURVLGDGHpWDPEpPLQGHSHQGHQWHGDFRQHFWLYLGDGHFRPRVHSRGHREVHUYDUQD)LJXUD
$SRURVLGDGHSRGHGDUXPDLQGLFDomRJOREDOGRJUDX
GHLVRODPHQWRGDVHVSpFLHVHSRGHVHUXPLQGLFDGRU
GRJUDXGHHIHLWRGHPDUJHP(PWHUPRVKXPDQRV
DSRURVLGDGHpXPIDFWRUQDHFRQRPLDGDVFROKHLWDV
YLVWR TXH D GLPHQVmR H SUR[LPLGDGH GDV SDUFHODV
FRQGLFLRQD D DFWLYLGDGH DJUtFROD 1R FRQWH[WR GD
*HRJUDD+XPDQDDSRURVLGDGHSHUPLWHHVWXGDURV
SDGU}HVGHGLVWULEXLomRGHFDVDVHDJORPHUDGRVQD
PDWUL]
1.3.2 forma da margem
1RV H[HPSORVDWp DTXL DSUHVHQWDGRV DVPDUJHQV
GDV PDQFKDV WrP VLGR UHSUHVHQWDGDV FRPR
OLQKDV VXDYHV HPERUD SRVVDP VHU H[WUHPDPHQWHLUUHJXODUHV H FRQYROXFLRQDGDV LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH
GDIRUPDGDPDQFKDHPVL1D)LJXUDSRGHYHU
VHXP FDVR VLPSOHV RQGH VH WHULD GLFXOGDGH HP
GHFLGLUTXDOGRVHOHPHQWRVHVTXHUGDRXGLUHLWDpD
PDWUL]6HRHOHPHQWRGDHVTXHUGDHVFXURHPD
VHH[SDQGHRVSRQWRV$%H&WRUQDPVHWHVWDV
GHSRQWHHFLHQWHVSDUDFRQTXLVWDU WHUUHQR$iUHD
FRQTXLVWDGD VHUi FODUDPHQWH PDLRU QR FDVR HP
TXH R HOHPHQWR GD HVTXHUGD VH H[SDQGH E SRURSRVLomRD FSRLVRVHVIRUoRV GHFRQTXLVWDVmR
GXSOLFDGRVSHUWRGRVSRQWRV$%H&1HVWHFDVR
figura 6
rsdade e cnecvdade na arz. M = arz, = ancha. (a) cas as sles, e que a rsdade (zer). (b) rsdade
=1 (u). (c) rsdade = 2. (d) rsdade = 3. (e) rsdade = 11. (f) rsdade = 2, a cnecvdade da arz clea, as n
clar se M u devera ser a arz. (g) rsdade = 2, as a cnecvdade n clea. (h) rsdade = 2 e a cnecvdade
clea (MA, .; , M. (186, . 16)).
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
12/25
estudos regionais | n 20
86
R WHUFHLUR FULWpULR GH GHQLomR GD PDWUL] FRQWUROR
GD GLQkPLFD ID] VHQWLGR H p R PDLV YiOLGR SRLV
R HOHPHQWR j HVTXHUGD FRP PDUJHQV F{QFDYDV
FRQTXLVWDWHUULWyULRPDLVHFLHQWHPHQWHHORJRpD
PDWUL]1RHQWDQWRFRPRWHPSRDPDUJHPF{QFDYD
YDLVHWUDQVIRUPDQGRQXPDPDUJHPFRQYH[D
(VWHWLSRGHUDFLRFtQLRSHUPLWHGLIHUHQFLDUHOHPHQWRV
HPH[SDQVmRQD3DLVDJHPRVTXHVHHVWmRDH[SDQGLU
QD SHULIHULD DSUHVHQWDQGR PDUJHQV FRQYH[DV H
HOHPHQWRV UHOtTXLD TXH HVWmR QXP SURFHVVR GH
UHWUDFomR H WrPPDUJHQVF{QFDYDV(VWHVSDGU}HV
VmRFODUDPHQWHYHULFiYHLVHPiUHDVDUGLGDVRQGH
VHGiXPDSDVVDJHPPXLWRUiSLGDGDIRUPDFRQYH[DSDUD XPD PDUJHP F{QFDYD GH H[SDQVmR +i QR
HQWDQWR H[FHSo}HV FRPR TXDQGR Ki UHJHQHUDomR
GDYHJHWDomR D SDUWLU GDV OLQKDV GHiJXDHPERUD
DVPDUJHQVGH H[SDQVmR VHMDP F{QFDYDV SRUTXH
GHFDOFDPDUHGHKLGURJUiFD
6HJXQGR XP SULQFtSLR GH IRUPD H IXQomR TXH
WDPEpPVHDSOLFDD3DLVDJHQV$LQWHUDFomRHQWUH
GRLVREMHFWRVpSURSRUFLRQDOjVXSHUItFLHGHPDUJHPFRPXP$ IRUPDDUUHGRQGDGDRXFLUFXODU FRP XP
PtQLPRGHDSrQGLFHVRXVHMDFRPXPUiFLRPtQLPR
HQWUHSHUtPHWURHiUHDpFDUDFWHUtVWLFDGHVLVWHPDV
RQGHpLPSRUWDQWHFRQVHUYDUUHFXUVRVFRPRDHQHUJLD
PDWHULDLV RX RUJDQLVPRV (VWD IRUPD p LPSRUWDQWH
HP (FRORJLDDQLPDO RXSDUD XPD IRUoDPLOLWDU (P
FRQWUDVWH XPD PDUJHP FRQYROXFLRQDGD FRP XP
HOHYDGR UiFLR SHUtPHWUR iUHD p FDUDFWHUtVWLFDGH
VLVWHPDV FRP VLJQLFDWLYR LQWHUFkPELR GH HQHUJLD
PDWHULDLV RXRUJDQLVPRV FRP D HQYROYrQFLD HJ
SXOP}HVRXDIROKDJHPGHXPDiUYRUH8PDWHUFHLUD
IRUPD D GHQGUtWLFD HVWi VREUHWXGR DVVRFLDGD D
WUDQVSRUWH HJ QHUYRV UHGHV IHUURYLiULDV (VWH
SULQFtSLRV IXQGDPHQWDLV UHODFLRQDP DV IRUPDV GDV
PDUJHQVHHOHPHQWRVGD3DLVDJHPFRPDVXDIXQomRVREUHWXGRRVX[RVHQWUHHSDUDDPDWUL]FLUFXQGDQWH
)250$15*2'5210S
$FUHVFHDHVWDUHODomRIRUPDIXQomRTXHDVPDUJHQV
SRGHPWHUYiULRVSDGU}HVHPWHUPRVGHSURSRUo}HV
H IRUPD HQWUH RV HOHPHQWRV GH DPERV RV ODGRV
0XLWDVYH]HVDVPDUJHQVQmRVmRQtWLGDVPDUFDGDV
FRPR GLVFXWLGR DFHUFD GD FRQIXVmR H LQGHQLomR
GHOLPLWHVH[LVWHVLPXPJUDGLHQWHGHFRQFHQWUDomRHP FDGD PDQFKD ([LVWHP WUrV PHFDQLVPRV TXH
figura 7
Margens cncavas e cnvexas. (a) leen esquerda c arge cncava, drea c ancha cnvexa. (b) nha a racejad
ndca a nva frnera cnfre eleen da esquerda se exande. (c) nha a racejad ndca a nva frnera cnfre eleen
da drea se exande. (d) C e, a arge cncava d eleen e exans rna-se cnvexa (MA, .; , M.
(186, . 15)).
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
13/25
87
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
GHVHQYROYHPPDUJHQVGHYHJHWDomRQD3DLVDJHP
VHJXQGR)250$15SXPDPELHQWH
ItVLFRPDQFKDGRWDOFRPRXPPRVDLFRGHVRORVRX
IRUPDVGHUHOHYRSHUWXUEDo}HVQDWXUDLVLQFOXLQGR
IRJRV WRUQDGRV H DFWLYLGDGHV KXPDQDV WDLV
FRPRDUURWHLDV>SDUDHIHLWRVDJUtFRODVRUHVWDLVRX
XUEDQRV@(PPXLWRVFDVRVDVSHUWXUEDo}HVQDWXUDLV
H D DFWLYLGDGH KXPDQD WRUQDP DV PDUJHQV PDLV
DDGDVDXPHQWDQGRRFRQWUDVWHQD3DLVDJHP
1DViUHDVQDWXUDLVSUHGRPLQDPPDUJHQVFXUYLOtQHDV
FRQWHQGRVXSHUItFLHVF{QFDYDVHFRQYH[DVDHE
QD )LJXUD 2V VLVWHPDV DGMDFHQWHV HVWmR LQWHUGLJLWDGRVVXJHULQGRXPDFRQVLGHUiYHOLQWHUDFomRGH
PRYLPHQWRVHQWUHHOHVpRFDVRGRVH[HPSORVD
FHGVHQGRDDIRUPDPDLVFRPXPUHVXOWDQWH
GHSURFHVVRVQDWXUDLVDRLQYpVGHHTXHpWtSLFDGH
iUHDVFRPIRUWHLQWHUYHQomRKXPDQD&ODURHVWiTXH
DVPDUJHQVWDOFRPRRVFRUUHGRUHVGHVHPSHQKDP
WDPEpP H SRU VL YiULDV IXQo}HV KDELWDW FRQGXWD
OWURIRQWHHVXPLGRXUR
1.4 estrutura global
6HD3DLVDJHPWHPXPDFRPSRVLomRTXHGL]UHVSHLWR
jSUHVHQoDHTXDQWLGDGHGHPDQFKDVWHPWDPEpP
XPSDGUmRTXHGL]UHVSHLWRjGLVWULEXLomRHVSDFLDO
H FRQJXUDomR GHVVDV PHVPDV PDQFKDV 'HVWH
FRQMXQWRUHVXOWDDHVWUXWXUDJOREDOGD3DLVDJHP3DUD
DDQDOLVDUpQHFHVViULRWHUSUHVHQWHXPFRQMXQWRGH
DVSHFWRVFRPRDHVFDODGHDQiOLVHHDUHVROXomR
TXH QR FDVR GH XPD DQiOLVH D SDUWLU GH LPDJHQV
GD 7HOHGHWHFomR p LQWULQVHFDPHQWH D UHVROXomR
HVSDFLDOGRVHQVRU([LVWHPWDPEpPGRLVH[WUHPRV
GH KHWHURJHQHLGDGH PLFUR KHWHURJHQHLGDGH
TXDQGR R DUUDQMR GRV WLSRV GH HOHPHQWRV GD3DLVDJHPHPWRUQRGHXPSRQWRpVHPHOKDQWHHP
TXDOTXHU SRQWR GD 3DLVDJHP HJ D PDQFKD GH
PHQRUFREHUWXUDKHUEiFHDQDSUR[LPLGDGHLPHGLDWD
GHXPDD]LQKHLUDPDFURKHWHURJHQHLGDGHTXDQGR
R DUUDQMR GRV HOHPHQWRV GD 3DLVDJHP YDULD HQWUH
SRUo}HV GD iUHD REVHUYDGD HJ YDULDo}HV HP
DOWLWXGH GRV SRYRDPHQWRV RUHVWDLV &ODUR HVWi
TXHQHQKXPD3DLVDJHPpFRPSOHWDPHQWHPLFURRX
PDFURKHWHURJpQHDKiVLPPLVWXUDVHFDPELDQWHV,QGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGDDQiOLVHGHKHWHURJHQHLGDGH
figura 8
adres de argens enre ds ecssseas. Marge de ser curvlnea u reca, c equenas anchas rxas, de u u de
abs s ecssseas. (a) as cu e reas nauras, (e) redna e reas c fre nerven huana (ran, .
(15, . 83)).
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
14/25
estudos regionais | n 20
88
pLPSRUWDQWHFDUDFWHUL]DURVSDGU}HVGHGLVWULEXLomR
GRV HOHPHQWRV GD3DLVDJHP D FRQJXUDomR EHP
FRPRRJUDXGHFRQWUDVWHHJUmRGD3DLVDJHP
1.4.1 configurao
$ FRQJXUDomR GD 3DLVDJHP p EDVLFDPHQWH D
IRUPD FRPR DV PDQFKDV FRUUHGRUHV H PDWUL]
HVWmR GLVWULEXtGRV HVSDFLDOPHQWH QD 3DLVDJHP
8PD OHL EiVLFD GD *HRJUDD GHFODUD TXH WXGR
HVWi LQWHUUHODFLRQDGR PDV TXH RV REMHFWRV PDLV
SUy[LPRVHVWmRPDLV UHODFLRQDGRVTXHRV REMHFWRV
PDLV GLVWDQWHV >@ 2V DQLPDLV VHPHQWHV FDORU
QXWULHQWHV JHQHV LQIRUPDomR H PXLWR PDLVPRYHPVH HQWUH HFRVVLVWHPDV >@ 'D FLrQFLDGRV
HFRVVLVWHPDVVDEHPRVTXHDHQHUJLDHRVQXWULHQWHV
PLQHUDLVXHPGHXPREMHFWRSDUDRXWURGHQWURGRV
HFRVVLVWHPDV RX HQWUH HFRVVLVWHPDV 'D FLrQFLD
FRPSRUWDPHQWDO VDEHPRVTXHDVHVSpFLHV SRUTXH
HQFRQWUDP KDELWDWV PDLV DGHTXDGRV DSUHVHQWDP
PRYLPHQWRV GLUHFFLRQDLV SDUDPDQFKDVGRPHVPR
WLSR &RPELQDQGR HVWHV SULQFtSLRV FRP D OHL
JHRJUiFDREWpPVHXPSULQFtSLRGHX[RHVSDFLDO~WLOSDUDHVWLPDUTXDLVRVHFRVVLVWHPDVDFRQVLGHUDU
HP WHUPRV GH JHVWmR RX SODQHDPHQWR 7RGRV RV
HFRVVLVWHPDV HVWmR LQWHUUHODFLRQDGRV FRPR JUDX
GHPRYLPHQWR RX X[RV D GLPLQXLU PDUFDGDPHQWH
FRP D GLVWkQFLD PDV PDLV JUDGXDOPHQWH HQWUH
HFRVVLVWHPDVGRPHVPRWLSR)250$15
SS
2V DJUXSDPHQWRV GH PDQFKDV QtYHO KLHUiUTXLFR
GD RUJDQL]DomR HVSDFLDO VLWXDPVH HQWUH RV
HFRVVLVWHPDV ORFDLV H D 3DLVDJHP VmRHOHPHQWRV
HVSDFLDLVOLJDGRVSRUXPLQWHUFkPELRVLJQLFDWLYRGH
HQHUJLDRXPDWpULD6HH[LVWHGHIDFWRXPSULQFtSLR
GHDXWR RUJDQL]DomRSRGHVH HVSHUDU TXH GDGR
XP FRQMXQWR GH FREHUWRV YHJHWDLV XVRV GR VROR
H SDVVDGR XP WHPSR GHWHUPLQDGR HVWH FRQMXQWR
DSUHVHQWDVVHXPDUUDQMROLPLWDGRDXPFHUWRQ~PHUR
GH KLSyWHVHV $OJXQV SDGU}HV HVSDFLDLV SRUWDQWR
DX[LOLDP D SHUFHSomR GD FRQJXUDomR HVSDFLDO
GRV HOHPHQWRV RV PDLVHOHPHQWDUHV VmR VHJXQGR
)250$15SS
egular 3DGU}HV UHJXODUHV WrP HFRVVLVWHPDV
RX XVRV GR VROR VHPHOKDQWHV VHQVLYHOPHQWH
HTXLGLVWDQWHVHVWDQGRURGHDGRVSRUXPDPDWUL]RX
UHGH([HPSORV SRGHPVHU DV HVFRODV QXPD iUHD
PHWURSROLWDQD FRUWHV GH iUYRUHV HP SRYRDPHQWRV
RUHVWDLVH[WHQVRVFDPSRVQXPDHVWUXWXUDFDGDVWUDO
RUWRJRQDOSROtJRQRVGHVRORQDWXQGUDRXPDQFKDV
GHYHJHWDomRQRGHVHUWR
Agregad 3DGU}HV DJUHJDGRV FRPR JUDQGHVVXSHUItFLHVHPHL[RVGHVDtGDGHXPDJUDQGHFLGDGH
SDUTXHV LQGXVWULDLV FDPSRV DJUtFRODV QR IXQGR GH
YDOHV
near'LVWULEXLo}HVOLQHDUHVGHPDQFKDVEDVWDQWH
FRPXQV FRPR RV RiVLV DR ORQJR GH XP YDOH QR
GHVHUWRPDQFKDV GH iUYRUHV DR ORQJR GH XP ULR
SRYRDo}HVDRORQJRGDFRVWD
aralel &RUUHGRUHV SDUDOHORV VmR WDPEpP
FRPXQV HVWUDGDV DOLQKDPHQWRV GH WRSRV OLQKDV
GHiJXDJXLDGDVSHODWHFWyQLFDRXVHEHVHPiUHDV
YHQWRVDV
,QYDULDYHOPHQWHXPD3DLVDJHPYDLWHUFRPRSDGUmR
XPD FRPELQDomR GH YiULRV SDGU}HV GRV VHXV
HOHPHQWRVEDVHIRUPDQGRXPSDGUmRJOREDOTXHDWp
FHUWRSRQWRUHYHODXPWLSRGHRUJDQL]DomRQRHVSDoR
UHVXOWDQWHGDHVWUXWXUDHIXQomRGRVLVWHPD
1.4.2 Cnrase
*UDQGH SDUWH GDV FRPELQDo}HV GH SDGU}HV
HVWi UHODFLRQDGD FRP DFWLYLGDGHV KXPDQDV 8P
GRV SULPHLURV UHVXOWDGRV GH DFWLYLGDGHV FRPR D
DJULFXOWXUD UHRUHVWDomR RX FRQVWUXomR XUEDQD p
R DXPHQWRGRFRQWUDVWH QD3DLVDJHP2FRQWUDVWH
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
15/25
89
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
p WDQWR PDLRU TXDQWR PDLRU IRU D GLIHUHQoD HQWUH
HOHPHQWRV DGMDFHQWHV GD 3DLVDJHP SDVVDQGR DV
WUDQVLo}HVHJUDGLHQWHVPDLVQDWXUDLVDGLPLQXLURX
GHVDSDUHFHU +iSRUWDQWRHVWUXWXUDV GHEDL[R H GH
DOWRFRQWUDVWH
Bax Cnrase 8PERP H[HPSORGHHVWUXWXUD
GHFRQWUDVWHPtQLPR p D RUHVWD WURSLFDO DR LQYpV
GH iUHDV GHVpUWLFDV FRP SRXFD YHJHWDomR H DOWR
FRQWUDVWHSURGX]LGRSRUSURFHVVRVJHRPRUIROyJLFRV
4XDQWR PDLV QDWXUDO VHP FRUUHGRUHV PHQRV
FRQWUDVWH R TXH SDUHFH WHU YDQWDJHQV SDUD XPD
VpULHGHDQLPDLVHPERUDDKRPRJHQHLGDGHGHSHQGD
VHPSUH GD HVFDOD GH DQiOLVH 3RU LVVR XP WDSHWHRUHVWDOFRQWtQXRQXPDiUHDHTXDWRULDOSRGHSDUHFHU
H[WUHPDPHQWHKRPRJpQHRQXPDIRWRJUDDDpUHDRX
LPDJHP GH VDWpOLWH PDV LQWHUQDPHQWH DSUHVHQWD
XPDHQRUPHKHWHURJHQHLGDGH'XPSRQWRGHYLVWD
HFROyJLFRR FRQWUDVWH GHXPD3DLVDJHPFRPRXP
WRGRpEDL[RSRUTXHpRPHLR~QLFRSDUDDPDLRUSDUWH
GDIDXQD
Al Cnrase1RFDVRGH3DLVDJHQVQDWXUDLVSRUPHFDQLVPRV H SURFHVVRV QDWXUDLV SRGHP RFRUUHU
VLWXDo}HV GH DOWR FRQWUDVWH VREUHWXGR TXDQGR DV
FRQGLo}HV GR VROR FRQWURODP D GLVWULEXLomR GDV
HVSpFLHVGRPLQDQWHVGHSODQWDVHDQLPDLV1RHQWDQWR
DPDLRULDHVPDJDGRUDGDV3DLVDJHQVGHDOWRFRQWUDVWH
VmR FULDGDV SRU LQXrQFLD KXPDQD FRPR WRGDV DV
SDUFHODV DJUtFRODV HPPHLR VHPLQDWXUDO PDQFKDV
RUHVWDLV LQWURGX]LGDV $ PLFURKHWHURJHQHLGDGH
LQWURGX]LGD SHODV DFWLYLGDGHV KXPDQDV QR VHLR GD
PDFURKHWHURJHQHLGDGH QDWXUDO p H[WUHPDPHQWH
FRPXPHFREUHWDOYH]DPDLRUSDUWHGDV3DLVDJHQV
UXUDLVGRKHPLVIpULR1RUWH1HVWDVUHJL}HVFRQWXGRp
GLItFLOHQFRQWUDUHVWUXWXUDVGHDOWRFRQWUDVWHUHVXOWDQWHV
H[FOXVLYDPHQWH GD LQXrQFLD KXPDQD SRLV HVWD
LQXrQFLDpWmRH[WHQVDHSURIXQGDTXHVHVREUHS}H
H p HVSDFLDOPHQWH FRQJUXHQWH FRP DV PDQFKDV
QDWXUDLVH[LVWHQWHVQXPD3DLVDJHPGHDOWRFRQWUDVWH
)250$15*2'5210S
1.4.3 gro
$V3DLVDJHQVWrPJUmRQR RXJURVVHLURGHDFRUGR
FRP D GLPHQVmR GRV HOHPHQWRV GD 3DLVDJHP
SUHVHQWHV$VVLPDHVFDODGHDQiOLVHpFUXFLDOSDUD
HQTXDGUDUHHQWHQGHURJUmRGD3DLVDJHPEHPFRPR
D UHVROXomR TXH QRFDVR GDV LPDJHQV GHVDWpOLWH
/DQGVDW p GH PHWURV 'HVWD IRUPD TXDOTXHU
HVWUXWXUDUHJXODUPDQFKDLQIHULRUDPHWURVQmRp
YLVtYHOHORJRQmRpFODVVLFiYHO0DVRJUmRQmRpREULJDWRULDPHQWHGDGLPHQVmRGRSL[HOSRLVTXDVH
WRGRVRVFREHUWRVYHJHWDLVXVRVGRVRORDSUHVHQWDP
PDQFKDVTXHUHVXOWDPGHFRQMXQWRVGHSL[HOVVHMDP
HOHV FDPSRV DJUtFRODV PDQFKDV GH HVWHYDO RX
SRYRDPHQWRV RUHVWDLV $ IRUPD PDLV VLPSOHV GH
PHGLURJUmRpVLPSOHVPHQWHPHGLUDGLPHQVmRPpGLD
GRV HOHPHQWRV GD 3DLVDJHP SUHVHQWHV FRPR XP
WRGRSDUDD3DLVDJHPRXSDUDFDGDWLSRGHHOHPHQWR
RTXHLQGLFDWDPEpPD WHQGrQFLDSDUDDDJUHJDomRGHFDGDXP9ROWDUHPRVjDGHTXDomRGDV LPDJHQV
DRJUmRGD3DLVDJHP
2. gradiente de modificao
da paisagem
$VVXPLQGRXPJUDGLHQWHGHPRGLFDomRGD3DLVDJHP
QXP H[WUHPR VHP LPSDFWR KXPDQR VLJQLFDWLYR
3DLVDJHP QDWXUDOH QRXWUR FRP XPJUDXPi[LPR
GHDUWLFLDOL]DomR3DLVDJHP8UEDQDH[LVWHPTXDWUR
WLSRVSULQFLSDLVGH3DLVDJHPDRORQJRGDVTXDLVDV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGDVPDQFKDVFRUUHGRUHVHPDWUL]VH
YmRPRGLFDQGR)250$15*2'5210
SS
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
16/25
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
17/25
91
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
asagens erdas
([LVWHPJUDQGHVPXGDQoDV TXDQGRVHSDVVD SDUD
iUHDV GH SDVWDJHPRX RUHVWDV HP H[SORUDomR D
PDWUL]PDQWpPVHH[WHQVD)LJXUDVHHPERUD
VHMD GRPLQDGD SRU XPD RX DOJXPDV HVSpFLHV TXH
VmR JHULGDV SDUD SURGXomR VHQGR DIHFWDGD SHOD
DFomR KXPDQD VREUHWXGR DWUDYpV GD H[WUDFomR H
DXPHQWR RX GLPLQXLomR GD IUHTXrQFLD GRV IRJRV
([LVWHPDFHUYRVGHKDELWDo}HVFRUUHGRUHVOLQHDUHV
DVVRFLDGRV D FRPXQLFDomR H FROKHLWDV TXH
FRUWDP PDUFDGDPHQWH D FRQHFWLYLGDGH GD PDWUL]
$ GHQVLGDGH GDV PDQFKDV FRQWLQXD D DXPHQWDU
H[LVWHPPDLVPDQFKDVGHSHUWXUEDomR HQTXDQWR D
GLPHQVmRPpGLDGDVPDQFKDVHDYDULDELOLGDGHGHVVD
GLPHQVmR GLPLQXHP $ GLYHUVLGDGH GDV HVSpFLHV
SRGHDXPHQWDURXGLPLQXLU WDOYH]HPPXLWRVFDVRV
RQ~PHURGHHVSpFLHVQDWLYDVTXHGHVDSDUHFHPVHMD
PDLRU TXH R Q~PHUR GHHVSpFLHV QmR QDWLYDVTXH
VmRLQWURGX]LGDVHPPDQFKDVGD3DLVDJHPPDVR
IDFWRUPDLVLPSRUWDQWHpDUHODWLYDKRPRJHQHL]DomR
GDPDWUL]
asagens Culvadas
2FXOWLYRGHPDQFKDVp RPDLRUSDVVRKXPDQRQD
DOWHUDomRGH3DLVDJHQVQDWXUDLVRXJHULGDVVmRDV
PDQFKDVLQWURGX]LGDVTXHFRQFRUUHPSDUDGLPLQXLU
figura 10
&RUUHGRUHVHRXWURVHOHPHQWRVGDDLVDJHPHPPXGDQoDDRORQJRGRJUDGLHQWHGHPRGLFDomRGDDLVDJHPVJUDXVGHPRGLFDomR
s (1) naural, (2) gerd, (3) culvad, (4) suburban e (5) urban. A arz de ua rea culvada exensa quand redna ua s
culura, as baxa quand exse vras culuras rednanes c rres seelhanes (MA, .; , M. (186, . 28)).
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
18/25
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
19/25
93
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
PXLWDVHVSpFLHVTXHQmRSRGHPPDQWHUSRSXODo}HV
YLiYHLV HP SHTXHQDV PDQFKDV R TXH UHVXOWD HP
H[WLQomR H SHUGD GH ELRGLYHUVLGDGH EHP FRPR
QD UXSWXUD GD LQWHJULGDGH GD UHGH KLGURJUiFD GD
TXDOLGDGHGDiJXDGRUHJLPHQDWXUDOGHSHUWXUEDomR
QRTXDODVHVSpFLHVHYROXtUDPHSHUVLVWLDPDOpPGH
RXWURVSURFHVVRVHFROyJLFRV
1RHQWDQWRDIUDJPHQWDomRpVRPHQWHXPDIDVHQD
VHTXrQFLDPDLVODUJDGHWUDQVIRUPDomRGD3DLVDJHP
SRU SURFHVVRV QDWXUDLV RX DQWUySLFRV TXH LQFOXL
RXWURVSURFHVVRVHVSDFLDLV)250$15SS
erfura3URFHVVRGHFULDUEXUDFRVQXPKDELWDW
RXWLSRGHFREHUWRSURFHVVRPDLVFRPXPGHLQLFLDUD
PRGLFDomRGRWHUULWyULRVHMDSDUDFRUWHGHPDGHLUD
DEHUWXUDGHFODUHLUDVRXDSDUHFLPHQWRGHHGLItFLRV
)LJXUD
sseca&RUWHRXVXEGLYLVmRGHXPDiUHDSRU
OLQKDVGH ODUJXUDUHJXODURTXHDFRQWHFHVREUHWXGR
FRPDDEHUWXUDGHHVWUDGDVDFHLURVRXLQVWDODomRGHOLQKDVGHHOHFWULFLGDGH
ragena4XHEUDGHXPKDELWDWRXFREHUWRHP
SDUFHODVPDLVSHTXHQDVDVPDQFKDVWrPGLPHQV}HV
H XPD GLVWULEXLomR HVSDFLDO LUUHJXODU (PERUD R
SURFHVVRVHMD SDUHFLGRFRP D GLVVHFDomRQmR Ki
UHJXODULGDGHRVHIHLWRVSRGHPVHUVHPHOKDQWHVRX
PXLWRGLIHUHQWHVFRQVRDQWHRFRUUHGRUGHGLVVHFDomR
VHMDRXQmRXPDEDUUHLUDDRPRYLPHQWRGHHVSpFLHV
Cnrac'LPLQXLomRGDGLPHQVmRGDVPDQFKDV
SURFHVVRXQLYHUVDOGHWUDQVIRUPDomRGD3DLVDJHP
JHUDOPHQWHFRPDVPDQFKDVUHPDQHVFHQWHVTXHYmR
GLPLQXLQGRGHGLPHQVmRSDUDHIHLWRVGHDJULFXOWXUD
RXFRQVWUXomR
Ar'HVDSDUHFLPHQWRGHPDQFKDVHFRUUHGRUHV
JHUDOPHQWH GHVDSDUHFHP DV PDQFKDV SHTXHQDV
PDVRGHVDSDUHFLPHQWRGHPDQFKDVJUDQGHVSRGHWHUHVSHFLDOVLJQLFDGRHFROyJLFR
2Q~PHURHGHQVLGDGHGHPDQFKDVDXPHQWDPFRPD
GLVVHFDomRHIUDJPHQWDomRGLPLQXLQGRFRPRDWULWR
$GLPHQVmRPpGLDGDVPDQFKDVGLPLQXLJHUDOPHQWH
QRV SULPHLURV TXDWUR SURFHVVRV DXPHQWDQGR
WLSLFDPHQWH FRP R DWULWR SRLV DV PDQFKDV PDLV
SHTXHQDVWrPPDLRUSUREDELOLGDGHGHGHVDSDUHFHU$TXDQWLGDGHWRWDOGHKDELWDWLQWHULRUGLPLQXLFRPWRGRV
RVSURFHVVRV0DVRVFLQFRSURFHVVRVVREUHS}HP
VHDRORQJRGDWUDQVIRUPDomRGRWHUULWyULRDOpPGH
HVWDUHPJHUDOPHQWHRUGHQDGRVSHODVXDLPSRUWkQFLD
UHODWLYDFRPHoDQGRFRPDSHUIXUDomRHGLVVHFDomR
figura 11
rncas rcesss esacas de ransfra d errr e s seus efes e arbus esacas; + reresena u auen, - u
decrsc e nenhua udana. s efes s edds ara re de haba cber (ran, . (15, . 4)).
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
20/25
estudos regionais | n 20
94
H WHUPLQDQGR QRDWULWR GHXPD IRUPDFURQROyJLFD
$ SHUIXUDomR H GLVVHFDomR HVWmR DVVRFLDGDV jV
IDVHV LQLFLDLV D IUDJPHQWDomR H FRQWUDFomRj IDVH
LQWHUPpGLD GH WUDQVIRUPDomR VHQGR D IDVH QDO R
DWULWR
4. quantificao da estrutura
da paisagem
(VWmRMiDSUHVHQWDGRVPXLWRVLQWHWLFDPHQWHYiULRV
DVSHFWRVSDUDGLJPiWLFRVGD(FRORJLDGD3DLVDJHPD
HVWUXWXUDHRVHOHPHQWRVEDVHGD3DLVDJHPPDQFKDV
FRUUHGRUHVHPDWUL]FRQFHLWRVUHODFLRQDGRVFRPDPDWUL]SRURVLGDGHHIRUPDGDVPDUJHQVDHVWUXWXUD
JOREDOGD3DLVDJHPFRQJXUDomRFRQWUDVWHHJUmR
RV SULQFtSLRV JHUDLV GD 3DLVDJHP EHP FRPR DV
WUDQVIRUPDo}HVGDPHVPDJUDGLHQWHGHPRGLFDomR
H SURFHVVRV HVSDFLDLV GH WUDQVIRUPDomR 4XDLV
VmRHQWmRDV IHUUDPHQWDVSDUDPHGLURPRVDLFR
QXPFRQWH[WRGHDYDOLDomRGDHVWUXWXUDHVSDFLDOGD
3DLVDJHP"
8PDYH]TXHHP(FRORJLDGD3DLVDJHPRSULQFLSDO
REMHFWRDVHUPHGLGRpDHVWUXWXUDHDFRPSOH[LGDGH
GD3DLVDJHPRVtQGLFHVGD3DLVDJHP/DQGVFDSH
0HWULFV 0pWULFDV GD3DLVDJHP EDVHLDPVH QD
DQiOLVHGDGLVWULEXLomRIRUPDHDUUDQMRHVSDFLDOGDV
PDQFKDV$DSOLFDomRGHVWHVtQGLFHVSRGHID]HUVH
D WUrV QtYHLV j UHVROXomR LQGLYLGXDO GDV PDQFKDV
WRGDV XPD D XPD j HVFDOD GDV FODVVHV GH
PDQFKDVWDQWDVTXDQWDVDVFODVVHVGDFODVVLFDomR
TXHVHXWLOL]DUFRPRPDWHULDOGHEDVHHjHVFDODGD
3DLVDJHPFRPRXPWRGRFDOFXODQGRDVLQWHUDFo}HV
HQWUHGLIHUHQWHVFODVVHVGHPDQFKDV
3RU VXD YH] HVWD DQiOLVH SRGH VHU HIHFWXDGD
VHJXQGR GXDV DERUGDJHQV GLVWLQWDV )$5,1$ $
S D FRPSRVLomR GD 3DLVDJHP H D
VXD FRQJXUDomR TXH LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH RX HP
FRQMXJDomR DIHFWDPRV SURFHVVRV HFROyJLFRV H RV
RUJDQLVPRV
Cs da asage'HVFUHYHDTXDOLGDGH
HTXDQWLGDGHGHHOHPHQWRVPDQFKDVTXHFRPS}HP
D 3DLVDJHP 3RU RXWUDV SDODYUDV D FRPSRVLomR
GD 3DLVDJHP HQJORED D YDULHGDGH H DEXQGkQFLD
GRV WLSRV GH PDQFKDV QD 3DLVDJHP PDV QmR D
SRVLomRHORFDOL]DomRGHVVDVPHVPDVPDQFKDVQR
PRVDLFR VHQGRSRU LVVR GHVFULWDQXPHULFDPHQWH H
QmR HVSDFLDOPHQWH SRUWDQWR QmR p HVSDFLDOPHQWH
H[SOtFLWD ([LVWHP P~OWLSODV IRUPDV GH TXDQWLFDU
D FRPSRVLomR SURSRUomR GH 3DLVDJHP SRU WLSR
GH PDQFKDV ULTXH]D GH PDQFKDV HTXLGDGH GH
GLVWULEXLomR GH PDQFKDV GLYHUVLGDGH GH PDQFKDV
HQWUHPXLWDVRXWUDV
&RQJXUDomR GD DLVDJHP 'HVFUHYH D
GLVWULEXLomR ItVLFD GDV PDQFKDV QD 3DLVDJHP
$OJXPDVGDVYDULiYHLVFRQVLGHUDGDVVmRLVRODPHQWR
GDVPDQFKDVGLPHQVmRHIRUPDGDiUHDLQWHUQDGDV
PDQFKDV MXVWDSRVLomR H GLVWkQFLD HQWUH PDQFKDV
GRPHVPR WLSR RX FRPSOH[LGDGH GD IURQWHLUD TXH
GHVFUHYHPRFDUiFWHUHVSDFLDOGDVPDQFKDV$OJXQV
tQGLFHVVmRHVSDFLDOPHQWHH[SOtFLWRVVRPHQWHSRUTXH
UHSUHVHQWDP DR QtYHO GD 3DLVDJHP D ORFDOL]DomRUHODWLYD LQGLYLGXDOGDVPDQFKDV UHFRQKHFHQGR TXH
RVSURFHVVRVHFROyJLFRVHRUJDQLVPRVVmRDIHFWDGRV
SHOD LQWHUGLVSHUVmR H MXVWDSRVLomR GH WLSRV GH
PDQFKDVQXPD3DLVDJHP
1R HQWDQWR QHP WRGRV RV tQGLFHV SRGHP VHU
IDFLOPHQWH FODVVLFiYHLV FRPR UHSUHVHQWDQGR D
FRPSRVLomRRXDFRQJXUDomRGD3DLVDJHPQGLFHV
FRPRDGLPHQVmRPpGLDGDVPDQFKDVHGHQVLGDGH
GDV PDQFKDV QmR VmR UHDOPHQWH HVSDFLDOPHQWH
H[SOtFLWRV SRLV QmR GHSHQGHP H[SOLFLWDPHQWH GR
FDUiFWHUHVSDFLDORXSRVLomRUHODWLYDGDVPDQFKDV
$OpPGLVVRDGLPHQVmRPpGLDGDVPDQFKDVHDVXD
GHQVLGDGHUHHFWHPWDQWRDTXDQWLGDGHGHXPWLSR
GH PDQFKDV SUHVHQWH FRPSRVLomR FRPR D VXD
GLVWULEXLomRHVSDFLDOFRQJXUDomR
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
21/25
95
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
2XWURV tQGLFHV FRPR R WRWDO GH PDUJHQV RX
GHQVLGDGH GH PDUJHQV IXQomR GD TXDQWLGDGH
GH PDUJHQV HQWUH PDQFKDV TXH UHSUHVHQWDP
FODUDPHQWH D KHWHURJHQHLGDGH HVSDFLDO QmR
GHSHQGHPH[SOLFLWDPHQWHGDORFDOL]DomRUHODWLYDGDV
PDQFKDVQD3DLVDJHPRXGRVHXFDUiFWHUHVSDFLDO
LQGLYLGXDO 3DUD XPD GHWHUPLQDGD GHQVLGDGH GH
PDUJHQVSRGHPH[LVWLUFLQFRRXFLQTXHQWDPDQFKDV
SRGHPHVWDUDJUXSDGDVHVSDFLDOPHQWHRXGLVSHUVDV
DJUXSDGDVQXPVHFWRUGD3DLVDJHPRXGLVWULEXtGDV
GHXPDIRUPDPDLVXEtTXD
$VVLP 0DLV LPSRUWDQWH GR TXH FODVVLFDU RV
tQGLFHV GD PpWULFD GD 3DLVDJHP QXPD GLFRWRPLDFRPSRVLomR FRQJXUDomR p UHFRQKHFHU TXH D
HVWUXWXUDGD3DLVDJHPFRQVLVWHWDQWRGDFRPSRVLomR
FRPR GD FRQJXUDomR H TXH IRUDP GHVHQYROYLGRV
YiULRV tQGLFHV SDUD UHSUHVHQWDU HVWHV DVSHFWRV GD
HVWUXWXUD GD3DLVDJHP VHSDUDGDPHQWH RXGHXPD
IRUPD FRPELQDGD 0F*$5,*$/ . 0$5.6 %-
S
(PWHUPRVGHPpWULFDGD3DLVDJHPH[LVWHPTXDWURJUDQGHV WLSRV GH tQGLFHV HVSDFLDOPHQWH H[SOtFLWRV
RX QmR DSUHVHQWDQGRVH DOJXPDV GDV PpWULFDV
SULQFLSDLV
1. ra dens das anchas
UHDWRWDOSRUWLSRGHPDQFKD
3URSRUomRRFXSDGDSHODPDLRUPDQFKD
1~PHURGHPDQFKDVHGLPHQVmRPpGLDGDVPDQFKDV
'HVYLRSDGUmRHYDULkQFLDGDGLPHQVmRGDVPDQFKDV
7RWDOGHPDUJHQVHVXDGHQVLGDGH
0DUJHPPpGLDSRUPDQFKD
2. Clexdade rregulardades
QGLFHGHIRUPDGD3DLVDJHP
QGLFHGHIRUPDSRQGHUDGRSHODiUHD
'LPHQVmRIUDFWDOPpGLDGDVPDQFKDVHGD3DLVDJHP
3. Arranj rganza esacal
'LVWkQFLDPpGLDjPDQFKDPDLVSUy[LPD
QGLFHPpGLRGHSUR[LPLGDGH
QGLFHGHLQWHUGLVSHUVmRHMXVWDSRVLomR
4. versdade
QGLFHGH'LYHUVLGDGHGH6KDQQRQ
QGLFHGH(TXLGDGHGH'LVWULEXLomRGH6KDQQRQ
5. crtica
([LVWHP YiULDV IHUUDPHQWDV SDUD HIHFWXDU
SURFHGLPHQWRVGHDYDOLDomRQXPD3DLVDJHPDXPD
GHWHUPLQDGD HVFDOD GD PpWULFD GD 3DLVDJHP j
7HOHGHWHFomR H 6,* FRP R DX[tOLR GH HVWDWtVWLFD
HVSDFLDO )$5,1$$ S 1R HQWDQWR
H[LVWHP YiULDV OLPLWDo}HV TXDQWR j DSOLFDomR GD
PpWULFD GD 3DLVDJHP VHJXQGR +(5=2* )
/$86&+$ D DSOLFDomR HVWiPXLWR OLPLWDGD
SHORPRGHORGHGDGRVXWLOL]DGRVUDVWHUYHFWRUPDVXWLOL]DQGRLPDJHQVGD7HOHGHWHFomRLQWULQVHFDPHQWH
UDVWHUKiPHQRVJHQHUDOL]DomRTXHQRPRGHORYHFWRU
FRQVHUYDQGRVH D LQIRUPDomRHVSDFLDO$ XWLOL]DomR
GHLPDJHQVXQLIRUPL]DDHVFDODGHJHQHUDOL]DomRGD
3DLVDJHPSHUPLWLQGRPHGLUSURSULHGDGHVHVSDFLDLV
LQIRUPDomR VREUH D JHRPHWULD H SRVLomR HJ
GLPHQVmR IRUPDDUUDQMRH WH[WXUD >@ LQIRUPDomR
SRQWXDO SRU SL[HO H HVSDFLDO LQWHJUDomR GDV
SURSULHGDGHVHVSDFLDLV>@HFDSDFLGDGHGHDQiOLVH
PXOWLWHPSRUDO 48$7752&+, '$ 3(//(7,(5
5(S
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
22/25
estudos regionais | n 20
96
2TXHVHWRUQDUHOHYDQWHpDUHODWLYDLPSRVVLELOLGDGH
GHFRPSDUDUDVPHGLGDVHIHFWXDGDVVREUHLPDJHQVGH
GLIHUHQWHVUHVROXo}HVHVSDFLDLVSRLVVHQGRGLVWLQWRV
RVJUDXVGHJHQHUDOL]DomRLQWUtQVHFRVYmRPRGLFDU
D 3DLVDJHP PHQVXUiYHO RULJLQDQGR YDULDo}HV
VLJQLFDWLYDV QDOJXQV tQGLFHV %/$6&+.( 7
3(7&+-VREUHWXGRDQtYHOGDFRQJXUDomR
SRLVKiXPDHIHFWLYDPXGDQoDGHHVFDODGHDQiOLVH
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HVSDFLDLV RIHUHFHP XPD YDOLRVD YLVmR GDV
VLPLODULGDGHVHGLIHUHQoDVHQWUHPRVDLFRGHFREHUWR
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VHMD DLQGD SRXFR FODUR RV tQGLFHV GD 3DLVDJHP
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2 SHULJR UHVLGH QD VXD LQWHUSUHWDomR H DSOLFDomR
>VREUHWXGR D QtYHO GD LQWHJUDomR YHUWLFDO PDLV
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DXWLOL]DomRFRQWLQXDGDGHtQGLFHVGD3DLVDJHPSDUD
GHVFUHYHUHFRPSDUDUSDGU}HVHVSDFLDLVFRPSOH[RV
PDVD QRVVDH[SHULrQFLD LQGLFDTXHTXDQGRYiULRV
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)-(//67$':-'5$067$':( )5
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
23/25
97
estrutura, composio e configurao da paisagem conceitose princpios para a sua quantificao no mbito da ecologia da paisagem
&RQFOXLQGRSDUDVHSRGHUSURFHGHUDFRPSDUDo}HV
GHYHVH LPSHUDWLYDPHQWH PDQWHU D UHVROXomR
HVSDFLDOGDVLPDJHQVHFODVVLFDo}HVUHVXOWDQWHV
QRIXQGRRJUmRGD3DLVDJHPPDQWHURQ~PHURH
WLSRGHFODVVHVOHJHQGDHQmRSURFHGHUDTXDOTXHU
OWUDJHP GH EDL[D IUHTXrQFLD GRV UHVXOWDGRV
FODVVLFDo}HV
fware - andscae Mercs
ragsas
KWWSZZZXPDVVHGXODQGHFRUHVHDUFKIUDJVWDWV
IUDJVWDWVKWPO)LFKHLURVUDVWHUPDLVGHtQGLFHV
ach Analys
9 KWWSDVKODNHKHDGXFDaUUHPSHOSDWFKSDB
VHWXSH[H
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-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
24/25
estudos regionais | n 20
98
referncias
%/$6&+.(73(7&+-/DQGVFDSH6WUXFWXUHDQG6FDOH&RPSDUDWLYH6WXGLHVRQVRPH/DQGVFDSH,QGLFHVLQ*HUPDQ\DQGWKH8.in0$8'6/(
-
7/28/2019 metrica paisagem
25/25