M4 L12 grammar
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Transcript of M4 L12 grammar
ぶんぽう: レッスン 12
Grammar: Lesson 12
にほんご が じょうず です! YOU’RE SKILLED AT JAPANESE!
Now you will be able to talk about how well (or not well!) you and your friends can do things.
にほんご が じょうず です! You’re skilled at Japanese! • There are a few different words to describe skillful/unskillful at something,
and weak at/strong at something. • They all basically use the same sentence structure:
– ___________ が じょうず です。 is skillful at ___________. – ___________ が へた です。 is unskillful at ___________. – ___________ が にがて です。 is weak at ___________. – ___________ が とくい です。 is strong at ___________.
にほんご が じょうず です! You’re skilled at Japanese! • You can apply the different forms of ですto these basic structures.
– (Please refer to the lesson 11 grammar notes if you need to review these.)
– Present tense: • せんせい は スポーツ が じょうず です。 • My teacher is skillful at sports.
– Present tense negaJve: • さくらさん は バスケットボール が じょうず では ありま
せん。 • Sakura is not skillful at basketball.
– Past tense: • ともだち は ゴルフ が すこし じょうず でした。 • My friend was a liLle skillful at golf.
にほんご が じょうず です! You’re skilled at Japanese! • Remember that to form a quesJon, you add the quesJon marker か to the end of
the sentence. か is equivalent to the quesJon mark ( ? ) in English. – For example:
• おとうさん は フットボール が じょうず ですか。 • Is your dad skillful at football?
– There are also mulJple ways to answer said quesJon: » Yes, my dad is skillful at football. » はい、 ちち は フットボール が じょうず です。
» No, my dad is not skillful at football. » いいえ、 ちち は フットボール が じょうず では ありません。 » Yes, that’s so. » はい、そうです。
» No, that is not so. » いいえ、そう では ありません。
MORE ADVERBS
In this lesson you’ll be introduced to some more adverbs, including two that can only be used with the negaJve. You can use these adverbs in conjuncJon with じょうず,へた, にがて, and とくい.
More Adverbs Remember from lesson 8 that adverbs do not require any parJcles. Some of the new adverbs in this lesson include: • For example:
– けんさん は スポーツ が とても じょうず です。
– Ken is very skillful at sports. – せんせい は ゴルフ が すこし じょうず です。
– My teacher is a liFle skillful at golf.
とても Very
すこし A liLle
ちょっと A liLle
まあまあ Somewhat / sort of
More Adverbs -‐ ぜんぜん and あまり
• When using the adverbs ぜんぜん or あまり you must end the sentence with a negaIve form of です (either in the past or present tense).
• This may seem counterintuiJve, since there appears to be a double negaJve in the
sentence. Don’t fret – while it would be incorrect in English, it is grammaJcally correct in Japanese!
– For example:
• あに は ゴルフ が ぜんぜん じょうず では ありません。
• My older brother is not at all skillful at golf.
• だいちさん は りくじょう が あまり じょうず では ありませんでした。
• Daichi was not very skillful at track.
ぜんぜん Not at all
あまり Not very
おわり
This is the end of the Grammar Notes for this lesson.
You can print these notes for your reference using the link above this slideshow.