Le connectivisme
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L E C O N N E C T I V I S M Eredéfinir l’apprentissage, repenser l’enseignement
François Guité @FrancoisGuite
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Pew Research (2014)
http://www.pewinternet.org/2014/04/17/us-views-of-technology-and-the-future/
Si on pouvait produire des enfants plus intelligents, plus sains et plus athlétiques
8 %
66 %
26 %
pire
mieuxindécis
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8 %
66 %
26 %
pire
mieuxindécis
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Un double système cognitif ?
J. D. Smith et coll. (2013)
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http://olihb.com/2011/01/23/map-of-scientific-collaboration-between-researchers/Carte de collaboration scientifique, de 2005 à 2009 (Olivier H. Beauchesne, 2011)
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cognition
apprentissagesocial
apprentissage connectiviste
Sui Fai, J.M. (2011)
http://suifaijohnmak.wordpress.com/2011/11/06/connectivism-and-constructivism-similarities-and-differences-part-2/
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Le connectivisme est la thèse que le savoir est distribué à travers un réseau de connexions, et donc que l’apprentissage consiste à l’habileté à construire et naviguer ces réseaux.
‟
S. Downes (2010)
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Progression des réseaux
Poste
Lien
centralisé décentralisé distribuéDownes, S. (2013)
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Principes
is.gd/HW7v2i
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le quoi le où/
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valeur/processus
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mémétique
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symbiose
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intelligence collective
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObDlvBLPxas
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connectivité
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non-linéarité
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cognitionapprentissagesocialapprentissage connectiviste
apprentissage analytique
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Mindmeld
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phénomènes émergents
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BYOD
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techno mettable
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impression 3D
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réalité augmentée
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Internet des objets
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algorithmes personnalisés
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biométrie
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intelligence artificielle
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littératielittératie
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1. connaissances
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2. regard critique
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3. création
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littératiehistorique littératie
de la santélittératiecivique
littératieéconomique
littératiemondiale
littératiedes donnéeslittératie
numérique
littératiedes outils
littératiemédiatique
littératiecritiquelittératie
visuelle
littératieinformationnelle
littératietraditionnelle
Les littératies à l’ère numérique
Schrock, K. (2012)http://www.schrockguide.net/literacy-in-the-digital-age.html
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illitératie des profs
Mabrito M. et Medley R. (2008)
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en classe
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en classe
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De l’homogénéité à la diversité
OCDE (2010) Educating Teachers for Diversity: Meeting the Challengehttp://www.oecd.org/document/38/0,3343,en_2649_35845581_44572006_1_1_1_1,00.html
Homogénéité
Différence : non reconnue
Hétérogénéité
Différence : défi à surmonter
Diversité
Différence : atout et opportunité
uniformisation différenciation personnalisation
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L’ordinateur permet à l’apprenant d’explorer à volonté des solutions possibles d’un problème, d’étudier les réactions d’un modèle représentatif en fonction des variables qu’il introduit, de cultiver ses facultés de décision. Il créé les conditions d’un dialogue entre l’élève et les systèmes.
‟
Le rapport Faure (UNESCO, 1972)
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http://joi.ito.com/weblog/2012/04/30/a-week-of-a-stu.html
Jour 7
Jour 6
Jour 5
Jour 4
Jour 3
Jour 2
Jour 1
Temps (hr)16:00 19:00 21:00 0:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00
Lab Télé Sommeil Relaxation Lab
Examen Étude ExamenSommeil Classe
Étude Sommeil Classe
Lab Télé Étude Sommeil Classe
Lab Tâches ménagères Social Sommeil Relaxation Lab
Lab Devoirs Sommeil Classe
Lab Devoirs Sommeil Classe
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connexions et relations
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apprentissage mobile
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apprentissage bimodal
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rétroaction analytique
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microlearning
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environnementd’apprentissagepersonnalisé
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analyse de l’apprentissage
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jeu sérieux
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MOOC
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๏ Temps sur la tâche :
(Morse, 2012)http://bestpracticeslegaled.albanylawblogs.org/2012/02/25/before-you-ban-empirical-data-on-student-laptop-use/
Usage des ordinateurs portables durant le cours
1re
2e
3e
0 20 40 60 80 100
82
50
69
%
๏ Les étudiants avec les meilleurs résultats à l’admission sont plus souvent hors tâche
๏ Aucune corrélation entre le taux d’activité sur la tâche ou hors tâche et les résultats des étudiants
๏ L’activité hors tâche augmente après 4 min. sur un sujet X.
๏ L’activité hors tâche augmente après 40 min. dans le cours.
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outils numériques
affordancesconnectives
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http://chronicle.com/article/A-Boom-Time-for-Education/131229/?sid=wc
0
100
200
300
400
500
‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11
Nombre de contrats Sommes investies
100
80
60
40
20
National Venture Capital Association (2012)
Investissements à risque dans le secteur des TICEMillions de
dollarsNombre de
contrats
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Merci
francoisguite.com
francoisguite.posterous.com
twitter.com/FrancoisGuite
gplus.to/FrancoisGuite
delicious.com/guitef
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Images1. Ernestborg6of9 : http://ernestborg6of9.deviantart.com/art/Neural-Network-2034026152. in tae Shin : https://www.flickr.com/photos/nemoege/52233397314. http://oracletalk.com/researchers-make-dna-data-storage-a-reality-movies-tv-shows-music-and-a-lot-more/5. http://www.globoforce.com/gfblog/2012/8-cognitive-biases-that-will-make-or-break-your-culture/6. http://www.allwalls.net/map-sayazi-people-communications/7. Olivier H. Beauchesne : http://olihb.com/2011/01/23/map-of-scientific-collaboration-between-researchers/12. Howard Ignatius : https://www.flickr.com/photos/howardignatius/493571322313. http://blog.commelius.com/2011/10/26/the-rules-of-the-brain-and-the-learning-process/14. Memetics : http://www.memetics.de/blog_berlin-puls/15. http://www.schooltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/morgan_ipad_03.jpg16. Walerian Walawski : http://www.pacificnorthwestbirds.com/tag/flock/17. Meg McDonald : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObDlvBLPxas18. Leslie Song : http://lesliesong.com/textile-design/prints-and-patterns/19. Tomas Saraceno : http://trendland.com/tomas-saraceno-on-space-time-foam/21-24. E.G. : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qrDgFjBSVuE 26. Luke Addison : https://www.flickr.com/photos/1uk3/5643648387/27. Lee Morley : https://www.flickr.com/photos/spookman01/6790631423/30. Sterling Davis : https://www.flickr.com/photos/sterlingdavisphoto/1260756536531. John A. Rogers : http://www.wirelessdesignmag.com/news/2014/04/photos-day-electronic-patches-health-monitoring32. Dae-Hyeong Kim : http://www.theverge.com/2014/3/30/5558990/smart-skin-patch-knows-when-you-need-your-meds34. http://www.makoinvent.com/mother-natures-3d-printing-designed-engineered-developed/35. Louis du Mont : https://www.flickr.com/photos/2create/411767394136. http://www.successfulworkplace.org/2013/10/27/new-ways-to-architect-for-the-internet-of-things/37. Manu Escalante : https://www.flickr.com/photos/jmjesus/5397278928/38. http://realizethelies.com/2013/09/18/can-cops-use-your-iphone-fingerprint-against-you/39. Poppy Project : http://www.poppy-project.org40. Nebraska Oddfish : https://www.flickr.com/photos/ditadata/9167721224
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Images41. http://corporate.comcast.com/csr2012/a-new-chapter-for-digital-literacy42. Paul Bica : https://www.flickr.com/photos/dexxus/579122811743. Matilda Diamant : https://www.flickr.com/photos/41711562@N02/1189504971444. Developing Now Photography : https://www.flickr.com/photos/developingnowphotography/1288812887346. Morrowjo : https://www.flickr.com/photos/90038608@N00/228351030047. Damopabe : https://www.flickr.com/photos/damopabe/402917291948. Fr Lawrence Lew : https://www.flickr.com/photos/35409814@N00/10867340173/49. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Laurentius_de_Voltolina_001.jpg55. The University of Kansas : https://www.flickr.com/photos/universityofkansas/1119446144556. http://joi.ito.com/weblog/2012/04/30/a-week-of-a-stu.html71-72. http://www.wired.com/rawfile/2013/04/will-steacy-philadelphia-inquirer