Language points

1. Which of the pictures below do you

associate with the following places i

n Australia.

你把哪些图片与澳大利亚的下列地方联系起来 ?

associate vt. to join (people or things) together

to connect (ideas, etc.) in one’s mind

associate

associate sb. /sth. with…把某人 / 物与……联系起来

Bear them in your mind!

be associated with… 与……有关 , 与……有瓜葛

eg.

I’ve never associated you with this place.

我从未把你和这个地方联系在一起过。These problems are associated with canc

er treatment.

这些问题与治疗癌症有关。

2. GLIMPSES OF AUSTRALIA

澳大利亚小览glimpse vt. to see sb for a moment n. a sight of sb. or sth.

glimpse

glimpses sb / sth瞥见某人 / 某物get / catch a glimpse of瞥见 , 看见

★其名词形式为 association “，意思是 协会； ” 联合；结交；联想 。如：I am sure you will benefit much from your a

ssociation with him.

我相信你和他交往将受益匪浅。They are said to form an association to pro

mote social welfare.

据说他们要成立一个协会以促进社会福利。

[小试 ] 翻译下列句子。1. 我们与一些电影明星联合，为无家可归的人筹款。

2. 人们常把幸福和钱联系到一起。

We are working in association with some film stars to raise money for the homeless.

People often associate happiness with money.

glance 与 glimpse Compare !

glance 与 glimpse 的区别正在类同于 look 与 see; take a glance at ( 看一看 ) 的结果便是 get a glimpse ( 瞥见了 )

eg. He took a glance at her face.他匆匆地看了一下她的脸。

[ 短语连接 ]gaze at 盯着看 , 注视着 stare at 盯着glare at 怒视 fit one’s eyes on 盯着看

3. It is a mainly dry country with only

a few coastal areas that have adequa

te rainfall to support a large populat

ion.

这是一个干旱为主的国家 , 只有少数沿海地区有足够的降雨 , 可以维持众多的人口的生存。

常用搭配

be adequate for sth……. 充足to doing sth. 胜任做某事

eg. The money is adequate for the trip.

This is a solution adequate to the problem.[ 短语连接 ]

be fit for… 适合……胜任……be equal to doing sth. 胜任……

4. However, Australia has a federal gove

rnment responsible for matters that af

fect people all over the country, such a

s defence, foreign policy and taxation.

然而 , 澳大利亚有一个联邦政府 , 它负责管理涉及全国人民的事务 , 如国防 , 外交政策和税收等。

be responsible for 对……负责eg. Who is responsible for the accident?

[ 单词积累 ]

responsibly adv. 负责地 , 可靠地responsibility n. 负责 , 责任

[ 短语连接 ] have/ take responsibility for 对……负责 assume/ accept responsibility for 承担……责任 have a responsibility to do sth 应有做… .. 义务 be responsible to sb. 对某人负责

Bear them in your mind!

5. The federal parliament is located in C

anberra. 联邦议会坐落于堪培拉。be located in 坐落于 , 位于eg. The hospital is to be located in your town.

belocated

situated in = lie in

归纳

6. On 26 January, Australia Day, in over 200 l

ocations across the nation, more than 9000

people will become Australia citizens.

在 1 月 26 日 , 澳大利亚日那天 , 全国 200

多个地方 , 9000 多人将成为澳大利亚公民 .

Word Study

nation国家

national 国家的 , 民族的 international

国际的

nationwide全国范围的

nationality 国籍

归纳

more than 1. more than + 数词 , ……以上 ,

……多于 , ……有余 , 等于 over

eg. By then he was more than forty ye

ars of age.

2. more than + 名词 , 不只 , 不仅仅 , 超过 , 远不止 , 不同于

eg. Peace is much more than then absence of war. 和平决不仅仅意味着没有战争。

3. more than …can / could +v. …… 不能 more than 表示否定 , 相当于 not

eg. That’s more than I can tell you. 那一点我是不能告诉您的。

4. more than +adj./adv 在语义上表示很高的程度 , “ ” “ ” “ ”意为 非常 十分 更加等

eg. I’m more than happy to hear that.

5. more than one…不止一个 , 作主语时 ,

谓语动词应用单数 .

eg. More than one student has seen it.

6. On this 4352-km journey from Sydney t

o Perth via Adelaide you’ll view some of

Australia’s unique scenery from the sup

erb Blue Mountains to the treeless plains

of the Nularbor. 在从悉尼经有阿德莱德到佩思的 4352 千米

的旅途中 , 你会看到一些澳大利亚的独特风景。 既有巍峨秀美的蓝山 , 也有望不见树木的纳勒博平原。

Word Study

via prep. by way of (sth)经 , 通过 , 经由eg. We flew to Athens via Pairs.

superb adj. wonderful; excellent; splendid

eg. She is a superb teacher. The food was superb.

7. Along the way you’ll spot a fascinating

variety of wildlife.

沿着这条路 , 你会发现多种多样的奇妙的野生动物。spot vt. find, identify 发现 , 辨认出 n. a particular place or area 地点

eg. She spotted someone coming out of th

e building.

As the only man on the spot, he was in

a position to take vital decisions.

8. It is also possible to climb the rock, but most people

don’t do this out of respect for the Aboriginal people

who consider the rock to be sacred. 爬上岩石也是可能的 , 但大多数人出于尊敬那些土著居民而不那样做 , 因为他们认为这块岩石是神圣的 .

out of respect = because of respect.

Word Study

out of respect 出于尊敬 out of curiosity 出于好奇 out of kindness 出于好意 out of generosity 出于慷慨

Bear them in your mind!

9. I’ll be back in Sydney in a fortnight beca

use I’ve made a reservation on the Indi

an Pacific train to Perth. 两周后我就会回到悉尼 , 因为我已经订了去佩思的印度洋 --- 太平洋号的火车票 .

make a reservation 预定eg. I made a reservation for a table for tw

o.

fortnight 是 fourteen nights 的缩写 ,

意思是“ 14 天，两周”。如 :

a fortnight’s vacation

He’s had three accidents in the past fo

rtnight.

在过去两周他出了三次事故。

1. His account of what happened that night ____________________________ the witness’ version.2 ． When invited to a party, __________ for the host, we must dress well.

associate with, make a reservation, be made up of, out of respect, correspond with, talk ... into, have no effect on, be aware that, far from, be responsible for, relieve ... of, decide on

用方框内所给词组的适当形式完成下列句子（其中有两个词组是多余的）。

corresponded / corresponds with

out of respect

3 ． Mary is going to __________ his father _____ buying a new dress for her.4 ． I don’t want my children to ___________drug-addicts and alcoholics.5 ． Hard as she tried, her answer is _______ satisfactory.

talk;

associate with, make a reservation, be made up of, out of respect, correspond with, talk ... into, have no effect on, be aware that, far from, be responsible for, relieve ... of, decide on

into

associate with

far from

6 ． Every citizen _______________ the preservation of public order and security.7 ． The doctor said that this kind of medicine _______________ sleeping.

associate with, make a reservation, be made up of, out of respect, correspond with, talk ... into, have no effect on, be aware that, far from, be responsible for, relieve ... of, decide on

is responsible for

had no effect on

8. If you want to go to the concert, you’ll have to ___________________ , or there will be no tickets.9. The education experts are thinking how to ________students ___ hard work.10. As is known to all, China _____________many provinces.

associate with, make a reservation, be made up of, out of respect, correspond with, talk ... into, have no effect on, be aware that, far from, be responsible for, relieve ... of, decide on

is made up of

make a reservation

relieve of

Learning about

language

Complete the sentences with words below.1.

The majority of Australians are ________________ from many different ____________________. In fact, the only ________ whose ancestors have lived here for more than 200 hundred years are the __________ people.

backgrounds nation citizens tolerance Aboriginal homelands migrants respect

citizens / migrants

Aboriginal

citizensnations / backgrounds

Most Australians believe that having

people from so many different

________________________________

creates _______ and _________ and

makes Australia a stronger _______

and a more interesting place to live.

respect

nations / backgrounds/ homelands

tolerance

nation

2. Read the paragraph below, paying

particular attention to the underlined

words, some of which may be new to

you. Try to work out the definitions of

these words and write them down in the

second column. Then check your answer

using an English-English dictionary and

write the dictionary definitions in the

third column.

The first migrants arrived in Australia after a long voyage on small sailing ships. Life was very tough at first because they did not have adequate equipment or food. One of the first things they did was to dig the soil and sow vegetable seeds. However, it wasn’t easy to grow enough food for everyone and in the first few years they faced starvation. Despite all the hardships

of those early years, many of the migrants succeeded in building a good life for themselves. In the early days, There were not nearly as many women migrants as there were males, so many of the men remained bachelors. Many dreamed of having a wife who would share their life and work alongside them as they built houses and established

farms. Within a reasonably short time some had established large sheep farms and began to export meat and wool back to England. We know a lot about these early years of European settlement because most migrants corresponded with their families at home and many of their letters still survive. These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.

[例句 ]根据语境推断 owe 一词在 1-3句中的含义，并从 a-c 中找出与每句话中的 owe相符合的含义。1. He owes me five dollars.2. You owe it to me to be honest with me.3. She owes her good health to diet and exercise.

b. 归因于，归功于 c. 欠（情）a. 欠债

owing to 由于，其中 to 为介词， 其同义短语有： because of , as a result of, on account of, due to, thanks to 等。

翻译下列句子。 1. 买食品要 4英镑，可玛丽只付了 3英镑，因此她还欠 1英镑。The food cost ￡ 4, but Mary only paid ￡ 3, so she still owed ￡ 1.

2. 我们欠父母很多。

3. 这个学生把自己的成功归于他教授的鼓励。

4. 约翰没有出席会议 , 因为他病了。

We owe our parents a lot.

The student owed his success to his professor’s encouragement.

John didn’t attend the meeting because of being ill.

difficult or unpleasant conditions of life

put seeds in the ground so they will grow

enough

a person who goes from one place to live in another ( also immigrant)

hardship

sow

adequate

migrant

Dictionary definition Word

to need to pay or give sth. to sb. because they have given or lent sth. to you or have done sth. for you

communicate by writing

an unmarried male

owe

correspond

bachelor

Dictionary definitionWord

You will find it easier to learn English

words in clusters. Read aloud the

following words and write down as

many words related to them as

possible. Compare your lists with a

partner.

3.

Example:

rain, rainbow, rainfall, rainy,

raindrop, raincoat, rainforest,

rainwater rain tax home rust time night

autonomy defend tolerate

celebrate nation city birth

associate reserve way

tax: taxation, taxed, taxable, taxman

taxpayer

home: homework, homely, homeland,

homeless, homemaker, homecoming,

homesick

rust: rusty, rustproof

time: timely, timing, timekeeper, timer,

timepiece, timesaving, timetable,

timeless

night: nightly, nighttime, goodnight,

nightclothes, nightclub, nightfall

autonomy: autonomous, autonomously

defend: defence, defender, defenceless,

defendant, defensive, defensible

tolerate: tolerance, tolerant, toleration,

tolerantly, tolerable, tolerably,

tolerability

celebrate: celebration, celebratory,

celebrated, celebrant,

celebrity

nation: national, nationality,

nationalize, nationally,

nationalist, nationwide

city: citizen, citizenship, citywide, cityscapebirth: birthplace, birthdate, birthday,

birthplace, birthmark, birthright

associate: association, associative, associated

reserve: reservation, reservedway: pathway, roadway, waylay, wayside,

wayworn

Exercises in the

Workbook on P69

Complete the sentences with the correct preposition.

2.

1. If you associate ____ criminals, you are likely to get in trouble with the police too.

2. ____ of respect for my family, I try to lead an honest life.

3. I have been corresponding ____ my penfriend for over five years now.

with

Out

with

4. We tried to talk Jim ____ changing his mind, but with no success.

5. That all Australians are blond and blue-eyed is far ____ the truth. Australians are of many different races and almost every eye, hair and skin color is represented.

6. I am not responsible __ keeping a record of the meeting. Jim is.

into

from

for

3.

defend/ defence/ defensive

1. We must take ________ action

immediately to protect ourselves from

the enemy.

2. I am taking karate lessons to learn how

to ______ myself.

3. The villagers’ only ______ against the

enemies were sticks and stones.

defensive

defend

defence

4. They fought __________ against the wind to bring the boat into shelter

before the storm broke.5. There is a ________ need to get food and blankets to the earthquake victims.6. In __________ they jumped out the window of their fifth floor

apartment to escape the fire.

desperately/ desperation/ desperate

desperately

desperation

desperate

tolerate / tolerant / tolerable / tolerance

7. Having friends at work is the only thing that makes my job __________.8. I think his parents are far too _______ with him and that’s why he is so badly behaved.9. I think you need to develop more ________ towards people who are different from you.10. I can’t _______ his heat any more.

I’m going inside where it’s cooler.

tolerabletolerant

tolerance

tolerate

11. I’m sorry you can’t sit there. This table

is ________.

12. I would like to make a __________ for

four people on the 23rd at 8 pm.

13. I’m sorry I can’t go on Sunday. I

always _______ Sundays for visiting my

grandparents.

reserve / reserved /reservation

reserved

reservation

reserve

14. If you change your mind about going on

the tour, your deposit is not

__________.

15. After they arrested him, the police went

to the thief’s house to ________ the

stolen jewellery.

16. After the accident his ________ was

slow and he was in hospital for nearly

six months.

recover / recovery / recoverable

recoverable

recover

recovery

My name is Steve Papas. Although my

_________ is Greece, I have lived in Australia

for a long time and I am now an Australian

________. Even though I haven’t visited my

original _________ for over 20 years, I am

still proud of my Greek __________. I live in

4. heritage birthplace homeland celebrations fortnight citizen

heritagehomeland

citizen

birthplace

Melbourne where a lot of other Greek

migrants live. As well as celebrating great

events in Australia we hold ___________

for Greek events too. When Greece won

the 2004 European Soccer Championship,

for example, we celebrated in Melbourne

for a __________.

celebrations

fortnight