Kuliah 2 Metode Konstruksi
-
Upload
ahmad-mansuri-al-kindi -
Category
Documents
-
view
49 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Kuliah 2 Metode Konstruksi
TEKNOLOGI DALAM ARSITEKTUR
Kuliah program Magister Teknik Arsitektur
Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 1
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 2
Perancangan
Disain optimal
Fungsi Disain
struktur Tampak
Ekonomis Cara Membangun
pelaksanaan
Bangunan Arsitek Insinyur
Berdasarkan, Kotulla, Bernhard / Urlau-Clever, Bernd P. / Kotulla, Peter:
1994· Industrielles Bauen, II: Expert Verlag ISBN-13: 978-3-8169-1145-6 ISBN-10: 3-8169-1145-5
Struktur Bangunan
Fisika Bangunan
Disain Pelaksanaan
Panas Api Hujan Bunyi
Perhitungan Struktur Faktor Keamanan dll
Sistem pelaksanaan Crane Transport
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 3
JENIS ELEMEN KONSTRUKSI
Dimensi satu
Kolom,balok, portal
Dimensi dua
Pelat, dinding geser, shall
Dimensi tiga
Bangunan reaktor, pondasi besar
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 4
Metode konstruksi pada bangunan
1. Cast In Situ
2. Pre cast dan pre stress
3. Top down
4. Lift slab
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 5
1. Cast Insitu
Beton di cor ditempat/
Konvensional
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 6
2. Pre-cast dan Pre-stress
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 7
Pre Cast
• Kolom
• Balok
• Lantai
• Dinding
• Pondasi
• DLL
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 8
Pabrik dari pre cast
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 9
Ware House/Pre cast
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 10
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 11
Ware house precast
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 12
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 13
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 14
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 15
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 16
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 17
Product Index
Septic Tanks 1
Pump Tanks 2
Holding Tanks 3
Siphon Tanks 4
Recharge Tanks 5
Distribution Boxes 6
Aerobic Tanks 7
Treatment Tanks 8
Grease Traps & Interceptors 9
Lids & Extensions 10
Manholes 11
Inlets 12
Inlet Tops 13
Headwalls 14
Reinforced Concrete Pipe 15
Miscellaneous 16
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 18
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 19
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 20
100 ton
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 21
Reservoir
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 22
Ukuran Elemen Pre Cast
Persyaratan khusus b h L
Tidak perlu < 250 cm < 400 cm < 1800 cm
Perlu, tanpa perlindungan polisi di Jalan Propinsi
< 350 cm Berdasarkan tinggi Di jembatan
<2400 cm
Perlu, tanpa perlidungan polisi di Tol
< 450 cm Berdasarkan tinggi di jembatan
< 2800 cm
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 23
Toleransi dalam pre cast
Dalam pabrikasi, perlu ada toleransi yang dihitung dengan statistik.
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 24
Modul dalam bangunan
• 3 M = 300 mm
• 6 M = 600 mm
• 12 M = 1200 mm
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 25
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 26
Jenis-jenis panel
1. Solid Panels
2. Insulated (sandwich) Panels
3. Ribbed Panels
4. Hollow-core Panels
5. Sculptured Panels
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 27
Solid Panel
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 28
HOLLOW
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 29
Ribbed Panel
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 30
Insulated (sandwich) Panels
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 31
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 32
Desain dinding Panel
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 33
Dinding Panel : 1. Beton Bertulang/RC (Reinforced Concrete)/Stahlbeton 2. Beton Pratekn/PSC(Pre Stress Concrete/Spannbeton
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 34
b
heff
Klasifikasi Panel
1. Non-Load-Bearing Panel (cladding)
2. Load-Bearing Panel
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 35
KEUNTUNGAN PRE CAST
• Cepat dipasang
• Harga lebih murah
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 36
PERENCANAAN PRE CAST
• Arsitek dan insinyur Sipil
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 37
ORGANISASI
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 38
Perencanaan pre cast
1. Dimensinya elemen bangunannya sama
2. Slabnya rata
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 39
Pemasangan Slab
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 40
Crane
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 41
Pemasangan kolom
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 42
Sambungan antar dinding
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 43
Sambungan antar kolom dan balok
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 44
Sambungan antar kolom dan pondasi
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 45
Sambungan antar balok
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 46
Sambungan kolom balok
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 47
pemasangan
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 48
Pre Stress
• Salah satu bagian dari pre cast
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 49
Material Sifat
Beton • bahan campuran Semen, Agregat dan Air
• tegangan tekan tinggi
• tegangan tarik rendah
• harga murah
Tulangan • tegangan tekan dan tarik tinggi
• harga mahal
• bahaya terhadap korosi/karat
Kabel pratekan
• tegangan tarik sangat tinggi
• harga sangat mahal
• sangat bahaya terhadap korosi.
Perbandingan sifat beton, tulangan dan kabel pra tekan
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 50
BETON DALAM KEADAAN BELUM RETAK
Jika σb < f’c
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 51
Beton dalam keadaan sudah retak
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 52
Beton Pratekan
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 53
Keunggulan Beton Pratekan dibanding Beton bertulang
1. Tampang lebih kecil
2. Lendutan lebih kecil
3. Bentang lebih panjang
4. Umur lebih panjang (bebas retak)
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 54
Jenis-jenis Baja Pratekan
• Wires : diameter 7 mm
• Strands: gabungan dari beberapa wires
• Tendon: gabungan dari beberapa strands (dipakai pada post tensioning)
• Bar :high strength dengan diameter > 20 mm
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 55
Jenis-jenis kabel pra tekan di pasaran
• Freyssinet
• BBRV (Birkenmaeier, Brandestini, Ros)
• Dywidag
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 56
Metode pelaksanaan pratekan
• Pre-tensioning: kabel ditarik dulu baru kemudian beton dicor
• Post-tensioning: beton dicor dulu baru kabel ditarik
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 57
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 58
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 59
3. Lift Slab Method
• Lift slab construction is a method of constructing concrete buildings by casting the floor or roof slab on top of the previous slab and then raising (jacking) the slab up with hydraulic jacks, so being cheaper and faster as not requiring boxing and supports for casting in situ.
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 60
Liftslab method
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 61
4. Top Down Construction Method
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 62
Top Down Construction Method lanjutan....
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 63
Top Down Construction Method lanjutan.......
Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 64