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222

Irakli Tsitsishvili, Dr. ProfessorHead of the Administration for Protection of Monuments of theGeorgian SSR

PRESERVATION AND RffiSTORATION OF MONUMENTSOF SV ANETI

..t"'.'...cSummary

Svaneti situated on the south slopes of the Caucasian Rangeis a strikimgly beautiful part of the Georgian highlands and agenuine treasury of art, with its original architecture, remar-kable samples of monumental painting, icon-:paintiDg, chasing,wood-carviDg.

Extremely interestiDg monuments oi' architecture of Svaneticover over 200 towers, 196 churches with fresco paintings ofIX-XIII centures A.D., over 400 ancient dwelling complexes.

The dwelliDg complex of Svaneti originated as a tower-likehouse and developed in accordance with the historical peculia-rities of the region, the tradition steadfastness, the communalway of lii'e, the seli'-governing system, in particular, the ac-tuaI historical significance of a large and developing familyaDd the resulting growing role oi' patronomy, which had madethe considerations of defence here of paramount importan.ce(tower complexes).

At present the extensive restoration and preswrvation workiis beiDg carried out iD Svaneti. 45 churches, 170 towers, 12dwelliDg complexes have been restored. Taking into account theoriginality and a great value of the dwelling complexes of Sva-neti and, iD particular, the towers, for the history of theirworldts architecture, as weIl as the fact oi' their gradual des-truction coDnected with disappearance of such tYF.e of the dwe-lling, becoming a rudimeDt, the most preserved village of Cha-zhashi of Ushguli community was decIared a I~eserve and is pre-served as a museum of folk architecture and Iife.

This year, taking into consideratioD the unique territory ofSvaneti from the point of view of briIlian't and organic combi-nation of the architecture with 'the nature, it has been declareda historicaI-cultural reserve in which all works of construction,organization of services, preservation and I'estora'tion of monu-ments are coordinated by a special governmental commission.

225

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