kiTxvisa da weris swavleba dawyebiT safexurze -...

kiTxvisa da weris swavleba

dawyebiT safexurzeI-VI klasebi

saswavlo-meTodologiuri resursebis krebuli

kiTxvisa da weris swavlebadawyebiT safexurze

(I-VI klasebi)

am masalis momzadeba SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis keTili nebiTa da aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos mxardaWeriT. masalis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia qemoniqs inTerneSenali ink. da igi ar warmoadgens aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosa an aSS mTavrobis azrs. es masala momzadda aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis farglebSi, romelic xorcieldeba saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrosTan erTad.

am masalis momzadeba SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis keTili nebiTa da aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos mxardaWeriT. masalis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia qemoniqs inTerneSenali ink. da igi ar warmoadgens aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosa an aSS mTavrobis azrs. es masala momzadda aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis farglebSi, romelic xorcieldeba saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrosTan erTad.

3

sarCevi

saresurso wignis Sesaxeb ................................................................................................4

Tavi I. kiTxvisa da weris swavlebis ZiriTadi sakiTxebi ...............................7

Tavi II. fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi ........................................................................31

Tavi III. anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavleba ............................................65

Tavi IV. gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxva .....................................................................127

Tavi V. leqsikuri maragi ............................................................................................165

Tavi VI. gageba-gaazreba .............................................................................................207

Tavi VII. weris swavleba dawyebiT safexurze .....................................................291

Tavi VIII. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba ........................................................................327

danarTi. vizualuri sqemebi da grafikuli organizatorebi ................... 349

4

saresurso wignis Sesaxeb

winamdebare saresurso wigni Seiqmna saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis (G-PriEd) farglebSi, romelic aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID) dafinansebiTa da saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mxardaWeriT xorcieldeba. proeq-tis mizania dawyebiTi klasebis moswavleTa akademiuri miRwevebis gaumjobeseba kiTxvasa da maTematikaSi. ganaTlebis dawyebiT safexurze kiTxvisa da maTematikis swavleba-swavlis gaumjobeseba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, radgan es fundamenturi unarebi ganapiro-bebs pirovnebis akademiur Tu profesiul warmatebas nebismier sferoSi. proeqtis kidev erTi mizania dawyebiT safexurze moswavleTa biznesis unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba. aRniS-nuli miznis misaRwevad G-PriEd-i xels uwyobs dawyebiTi klasebis qarTuli enisa da maTe-matikis maswavleblebis profesiul ganviTarebas. aseve, sTavazobs skolebs mravalfero-van saswavlo resursebs moswavleze orientirebuli swavlebis strategiebis dasanergad. maswavleblebi erTvebian G-PriEd-is inovaciur treningprogramaSi da, amasTanave, monawi-leoben skolis bazaze profesiuli ganviTarebis RonisZiebebSi.

saresurso wigni ZiriTadad gankuTvnilia G-PriEd-is kiTxvis swavlebis treningkursis monawile dawyebiTi safexuris maswavleblebisTvis, romlebic aswavlian qarTul enasa da literaturas da/an qarTuls, rogorc meore enas I-VI klasebSi. wignis zogierTi nawi-li (gansakuTrebiT leqsikuri maragisa da gageba-gaazrebis Tavebi) gamoadgebaT yvela im sagnis maswavleblebs, romelTa swavlebac moswavleebis mier teqstebis wakiTxvasa da miRebuli informaciis damuSavebas moiTxovs.

wigni Seicavs kiTxvisa da weris swavleba-swavlis inovaciuri (dabalansebuli, integri-rebuli da diferencirebuli) midgomebis Sesabamis meTodebsa da aqtivobebs. igi Seqm-nilia kiTxvis swavlebis treningprogramis masalaze dayrdnobiT. wignSi asaxulia bolo aTwleulebis saerTaSoriso miRwevebi ganaTlebis sferoSi mimdinare kvlevebisa da saswavlo praqtikis mimarTulebiT. G-PriEd-is pilotirebis procesSi dagrovilma gamoc-dilebam gviCvena, rom am midgomebis danergvam gaaumjobesa moswavleTa swavlis Sedege-bi rogorc qarTulenovan, ise araqarTulenovan skolebSi. warmodgenili masala xels Seuwyobs saqarTvelos skolebs ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebisa da erovnuli saswavlo gegmis moTxovnebis SesrulebaSi.

winamdebare saresurso wignSi warmodgenili meTodebi da resursebi efeqturad gamoi-yeneba diferencirebuli swavlebisaTvis. es Seexeba rogorc konkretul aqtivobebs, ise diagnostikuri testebis nimuSebs. masalis miznobrivad gamoyeneba saSualebas miscems maswavlebels, SearCios saklaso da saSinao davalebebi TiToeuli moswavlis swavlis traeqtoriis gaTvaliswinebiT. specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone moswa-vleebisTvis maswavlebels mouwevs ama Tu im meTodis modificireba da/an resursis adaptireba bavSvis mzaobisa da individualuri saswavlo gegmis Sesabamisad.

wigniT sargeblobisas sxvadasxva adgilas vxvdebiT specifikur detalebs qarTulis, rogorc meore enis swavlebis sakiTxebze. es informacia qarTuli enisa da literatu-ris maswavleblebsac gamoadgebaT. pirvel rigSi, isini gaifarToeben enis swavlebasTan dakavSirebul Teoriul codnas, amasTan, warmodgenil rekomendaciebs praqtikulad ga-moiyeneben sakuTar gakveTilebze diferencirebuli swavlebis dagegmvisa da ganxor-cielebisTvis. dabolos, qarTulenovan skolebSi dRes arcTu iSviaTad gvxvdeba klasi, romlis zogierTi moswavlisTvis qarTuli araa mSobliuri ena.

5

rac Seexeba qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavleblebs, maTTvis, ra Tqma unda, saintereso da sasargeblo iqneba saresurso wignSi warmodgenili rogorc Teoriuli, aseve praqtikuli masala. Tumca, SesaZloa, zogierTi meTodis/aqtivobis gacnobisas mas gauCndes gancda, rom igi zedmetad rTuli an mouxerxebelia misi moswavleebisaTvis. am SemTxvevaSi Cveni rekomen-dacia iqneba:

• ar gamoiyenos es meTodi an gadados misi gamoyeneba garkveuli vadiT;

• gaakeTos meTodis adaptacia da moargos igi klasis monacemebs;

• gauziaros es meTodi kolegebs, romlebic moswavleebs mSobliur enasa da literaturas aswavlian.

saresurso wignis agebuleba da Sinaarsi

kiTxvisa da weris swavlebis saresurso wigni rva Tavisagan Sedgeba. SesavalSi saubaria wignierebasa da mis mniSvnelobaze, kiTxvis swavleba-swavlis ZiriTad komponentebsa da meTodologiur safuZvlebze. I-V Tavebi kiTxvis TiTo fundamentur komponents Seexeba, esenia: fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi, anbani da sityvebis wakiTxva, gamarTuli/gawafuli kiTxva, leqsikuri maragi da gageba-gaazreba. VI Tavi eTmoba weris swavlebis meTodebsa da resursebs. VII TavSi warmodgenilia ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis formebi da instru-mentebi TiToeuli Tavi sam ZiriTad nawilad iyofa: Teoriuli mimoxilva, meTodebi/aqtivobebi da monitoringi/Sefaseba. wignis danarTSi mocemulia sasargeblo grafikuli sqemebi, romlebsac maswavlebeli survilisamebr gaamravlebs da samuSao furclebis saxiT SesTavazebs moswavleebs.

yvela meTodis aRweriloba met-naklebad erTnair qargazea agebuli:

• meTodis/aqtivobis Sesaxeb _ meTodis/aqtivobis ZiriTadi arsi da zogadi aRwera.• unarebi _ konkretuli unar-Cvevebi, romlebsac meTodis gamoyeneba aviTarebs.

• muSaobis forma _ rekomendacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor monawileoben moswavleebi aqtivobaSi _ individualurad Tu jgufurad. Tu am punqtSi miTiTebulia muSao-bis ramdenime forma (mag., individualuri da wyvilebi), igulisxmeba, rom aqtivo-bis ganxorcieleba SeiZleba rogorc erTi, ise meore formiT.

• resursi _ saswavlo da teqnikuri saSualebebi, romlebic saWiroa aqtivobis war-marTvisTvis.

• msvleloba _ aqtivobis ganxorcielebis konkretuli safexurebi. zogjer msvle-lobis aRweras erTvis grafikuli sqema, moswavlis namuSevris nimuSi da/an sakla-so oTaxis situaciis amsaxveli ilustracia.

• SeniSvna _ damatebiTi rekomendaciebi meTodis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. zo-gierTi SeniSvna sagangebod gankuTvnilia qarTulis, rogorc meore enis swavle-bisaTvis.

• variacia _ meTodis saxesxvaoba, romelsac maswavlebeli, moswavleTa mzaobis ga-TvaliswinebiT, gansxvavebul konteqstSi gamoiyenebs. zogjer yuradReba sagange-bod maxvildeba meore enis swavlebisa da swavlis specifikur aspeqtebze.

6

meore/ucxouri enis maswavleblebisTvis L1 L2

meore/ucxouri enis maswavleblebs saswavlo procesSi sxvadasxva enobrivi da meTodolo-giuri Taviseburebis gaTvaliswineba uwevT, vinaidan moswavleebisTvis samizne ena araa mSobliuri.

maswavleblebis nawilma ar icis moswavleTa mSobliuri ena, an icis, magram Segnebulad ar iyenebs mas sagakveTilo procesSi. isini moswavleebTan mxolod samizne enaze (Cvens SemTxvevaSi, qarTulad) urTierToben. Cvens saresurso wignSi am midgomis efeqturobas ar ganvixilavT, mxolod aRvniSnavT, rom wignSi mocemuli zogierTi aqtivobis ganxor-cieleba SesaZloa gaarTulos bavSvebis mxridan instruqciis vergagebam, agreTve, moswa-vleTa dabalma enobrivma kompetenciebma.

rogor mivawodoT instruqcia ise, rom moswavleebma is advilad gaigon? am SesaZlo problemis gadasaWrelad kargad muSaobs Semdegi strategiebi:

• instruqciebis enis gamartiveba da dayvana moswavleTa enobriv kompetenciamde;1

• mkveTri mimika-Jestikulaciis intensiuri gamoyeneba;

• Sesasrulebeli moqmedebebis gaTvalsaCinoeba da modelireba (moqmedebis winaswar demonstrireba) maswavleblis mier. amavdroulad, rac SeiZleba gamartivebuli frazebiT xmamaRla fiqris meTodis gamoyeneba;

• mSobliuri enis maswavleblisTvis aqtivobebis/meTodebis gaziareba, raTa moswa-vleebi mSobliur enazec mieCvion maT gamoyenebas;

• klasSi myofi `mimxvedri~ moswavleebis daxmareba, romlebic erTi miniSnebisTa-nave amoicnoben xolme maswavleblis miTiTebas. maswavleblis Semdeg am bavSvebis mier davalebis Sesrulebis modelireba.

gvinda SevniSnoT, rom zogierTi meTodi da masze dafuZnebuli aqtivoba rTulad gan-saxorcielebelia aramSobliur enaze, amitomac ar moeridoT maT adaptirebas Tqve-ni moswavleebis saWiroebebidan gamomdinare. adaptirebis an modificirebis saWiroeba ganpirobebuli iqneba rogorc moswavleTa enobrivi kompetenciebiT, ise samizne meore/ucxouri enis swavlebis amocanebiTa da specifikiT. cxadia, es rekomendacia ar exeba mxolod araqarTulenovani skolebis qarTuli enis maswavleblebs. es midgoma _ meTodis adaptireba da moswavleTa saWiroebebze morgeba _ gamosadegia nebismieri sagnisa da klasis maswavleblisTvisac.

wignSi meore/ucxouri enis swavlebisaTvis specifikuri informacia gansxvavebuli fe-ris SriftiTaa dabeWdili. am informacias sxvadasxva adgilas SexvdebiT: ZiriTad te-qstSi, SeniSvnebSi an sqolioSi.

1 instruqciis gagebis garda aseTi midgoma moswavles exmareba enis aTvisebaSi.

7

• raariswigniereba?

• raunarebisganSedgebakiTxva?

• ratomviyenebTdabalansebuldadiferencirebul

midgomebskiTxvisswavlebisas?

• rogorgavamdidroTkiTxvisswavlebisprocesi

damatebiTisakiTxavebiT?

• raariskiTxvisdiagnostikuriSefaseba?

Tavi I

kiTxvisa da weris swavlebis

ZiriTadi sakiTxebi

8

kiT

xvisa

da

weris s

wav

lebis Z

iriT

adi s

akiT

xebi

ra aris wigniereba?

• viwro gagebiT, wigniereba niSnavs kiTxvisa da weris codnas, farTo gagebiT, igi moicavs mravalferovani mxatvruli, informaciul-SemecnebiTi, yofiT-pragmatu-li teqstebis wakiTxvis, Seqmnis, ganxilvis, gadamuSavebisa da sxvadasxva konte-qstSi gamoyenebis unarebs. efeqturi kiTxva, Tavis mxriv, gulisxmobs kiTxvis teqnikis gawafvas da wakiTxulis kritikulad gaazrebas.

• wigniereba gvexmareba konkretuli yofiTi da akademiuri problemebis gadaWraSi; igi pirovnuli ganviTarebis, TviTgamoxatvisa da TviTdamkvidrebis saSualebaa.

• wigniereba gvexmareba socialuri, ekonomikuri da kulturuli cvlilebebis daproeqtebasa da ganxorcielebaSi (wigniereba socialuri Zvrebis instrumentia).

ratom unda vizrunoT kiTxvisa da weris (wignierebis) fundamenturi unarebis swa-vleba-swavlis gaumjobesebaze dawyebiT klasebSi?

• zogadi ganaTlebis sabazo da saSualo safexurebze, aseve, umaRlesi ganaTlebis safexurze ukeTesi miRwevebiT gamoirCevian is moswavleebi/studentebi, romel-Tac skolamdel da dawyebiT safexurebze kargad iswavles kiTxva da wera.

• wignieri unar-Cvevebis mflobeli moswavleebi swrafad da xarisxianad swavloben ara mxolod mSobliur enasa da literaturas, aramed sabunebismetyvelo da sa-zogadoebrivi mecnierebebis sagnebs.

• wignieri moswavleebi gamoirCevian empaTiis, pozitiuri socialuri urTierTobe-bis da TanamSromlobis unarebiT.

• moswavleebs, romelTac meoTxe klasamde saTanadod ar ganuviTardaT kiTxvisa da weris unar-Cvevebi, uWirT am unarebis gamomuSaveba momdevno klasebSi.

• moswavleTa kiTxvis unaris saerTaSoriso Sefasebis programis (PIRLS) monacemebis mixedviT qarTveli meoTxe klasis moswavleebi saTanado Sedegebs ver aRweven wa-kiTxuli mxatvruli da informaciuli teqstebis gageba-gaazrebaSi.

• kiTxva da wera erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mSobliuri enisa da literaturis, qar-Tulis, rogorc meore enisa da ucxouri enebis sagnobrivi standartis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebia, xolo wigniereba pirvelia prioritetul gamWol kompetenciebs Soris.

saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis wignierebis komponenti sam ZiriTad mizans isaxavs:

• monawile skolis maswavleblebma SeZlon kiTxvisa da weris swavleba dabalansebu-li da integrirebuli midgomiT;

• maswavleblebma SeZlon sxvadasxva tipis teqstis gageba-gaazrebaze orientire-buli mravalferovani, inovaciuri meTodebisa da resursebis gamoyeneba saswavlo procesSi;

• maswavleblebma SeZlon kiTxvis diferencirebulad swavleba diagnostikuri da saklaso ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis gamoyenebiT.

maswavlebelTa monawileoba skolis bazaze intensiuri profesiuli ganviTarebis pro-gramaSi da skolebis uzrunvelyofa damatebiTi sakiTxavi wignebiTa da sxva saswavlo masaliT xels Seuwyobs moswavleTa miRwevebis gaumjobesebas kiTxvasa da swavlaSi.

9

kiTxvis xuTi komponenti

kiTxvis unaris daufleba xuTi ZiriTadi komponentis ganviTarebas moicavs. es komponen-tebia: fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi, anbanis codna, leqsikuri maragi, gawafuli/gamarTu-li kiTxva, gageba-gaazreba. es xuTi komponenti identuria anbanuri damwerlobis mqone enebisaTvis. ar aqvs mniSvneloba, kiTxvas mSobliur enaze eufleba adamiani Tu meore an mesame enaze.

mniSvnelovania, rom kiTxvis maswavlebels SeeZlos TiToeuli komponentis:

• daxasiaTeba (rogorc damoukideblad, ise sxva komponentebTan urTierTkavSirSi). magaliTad, ra ZiriTadi elementebisgan Sedgeba gawafuli kiTxva da ra kavSirSia igi dekodirebasTan an gageba-gaazrebasTan.

• ganviTarebis traeqtoriis aRwera imis mixedviT, Tu ra asakisaa moswavle da wera-ki-Txvas mSobliur enaze eufleba Tu meore enaze. magaliTad, ra barierebs awydeba kiTxvis Seswavlisas araqarTulenovani bavSvi imis gamo, rom misTvis ucxoa qar-TulSi arsebuli ramdenime bgera.

• swavlebisaTvis Sesaferisi meTodebisa da resursebis gamoyeneba moswavleTa indi-vidualuri saWiroebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. magaliTad, `sityvis rukis~ romeli va-riantebis gamoyenebaa mizanSewonili kiTxvis donis mixedviT diferencirebul sam jgufSi, amasTan, erT-erT jgufSi moswavleebisTvis qarTuli ar aris mSobliuri ena.

momdevno gverdebze mocemulia TiToeuli komponentis mokle aRwera.

pedagogiuri refleqsiisaTvis

• romeli indikatorebiT aris SesaZlebeli bavSvis ganviTarebis donis dadgena TiToeul komponentSi?

• ra midgomebiTa da meTodebiT aswavliT kiTxvis komponentebs?

• ra resursebs iyenebT kiTxvis TiToeuli komponentis swavlebisas?

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11

fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi

fonologiur unarebSi, ZiriTadad, igulisxmeba sityvis Semadgenel bgerebsa (foneme-bi) da marcvlebze fokusirebis, aseve, am bgerebiT manipulirebis unarebi. fonolo-giuri unaris mqone bavSvma unda SeZlos: sityvis pirveli da bolo bgerebis identifi-cireba, msgavsi bgerebis erTmaneTisgan garCeva, bgerebis erTmaneTze gadabma, sityvis bgerebad an marcvlebad danawevreba da sxv. fonologiuri unarebi auditorulia (sme-niTi) da ar ukavSirdeba daweril teqstTan urTierTobas.

erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT `gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces fono-logiuri unarebis ganviTarebas, raTa moswavles ganuviTardes fonemuri cnobiereba (zepiri marcvlebis, bgerebis aRqmisa da gamoyenebis unari). fonemuri cnobierebis ganviTareba mniSvnelovania imisaTvis, rom moswavlem anbanuri principi gaigos (asos, anu grafikuli erTeulis mimarTeba bgerasTan, anu xmovan erTeulTan).~ (erovnuli saswavlo gegma, saswavlo gegma qarTul, rogorc meore enaSi)

anbanis codna

es aris dawerili asos dakavSireba mis Sesabamis bgerasTan, anu asoebsa da bgerebs Soris mimarTebebis (anbanuri principis) gacnobiereba. unari aseve gulisxmobs anbanu-ri principis gamoyenebas kiTxvisa da weris procesSi. kiTxvis am komponentis flobis gareSe SeuZlebelia sityvebis dekodireba da kiTxvis teqnikis ganviTareba.

erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT gaSifvra, igive dekodireba aris sityvis grafi-kuli xatis akustikur xatad konvertireba, anu asoebis amocnoba da maTi dakavSireba Sesabamis bgerebTan; bgerebis sityvad gamTlianeba, akustikuri xatis sityvis mniSvne-lobasTan dakavSireba.

leqsikuri maragi

leqsikuri maragi aris gonebaSi arsebuli sityvebis erToblioba. SezRuduli leqsi-kuri maragi wakiTxuli teqstebis gaazrebis ZiriTadi damabrkolebeli faqtoria. le-qsikuri maragis gamdidreba gulisxmobs ara mxolod sityvebis garkveuli raodenobis mexsierebaSi Senaxvas, aramed sakiTxavi sityvebis simravlis mudmivad gafarToebas, sa-laparako da sakiTxavi enobrivi maragisTvis yoveldRiurad axali sityvebis mimatebas, imis ukeT gageba-gaazrebas, Tu ras niSnavs esa Tu is sityva gansxvavebul konteqstSi; sityvebis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebisa da sityvebiT `TamaSis~ unars.

xSirad xdeba, rom Tavidan moswavlis kiTxvis unari kargad viTardeba, magram mesa-me-meoTxe klasSi am process swored leqsikur maragTan dakavSirebuli problemebi aferxebs. efeqturi kiTxvisaTvis saWiro leqsikuri maragi wignebidan ufro grovde-ba, vidre saubrebidan an televizoridan.

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gamarTuli/gawafuli kiTxva

kiTxva gamarTulia, roca is mimdinareobs uSecdomod, adekvaturi tempiT, gabmulad (uadgilo wyvetebis gareSe) da gamomsaxvelobiT (intonaciiTa da sasveni niSnebis ga-TvaliswinebiT). gamarTuli kiTxvis dros mkiTxveli Cerdeba sasven niSnebTan, erTiani azris gamokveTiT kiTxulobs winadadebebs, iyenebs intonacias, pauzebsa da maxvilebs, rac mas teqstis gagebaSi exmareba. garda amisa, is swrafad, Zalisxmevis gareSe axer-xebs calkeuli sityvebis amocnobas da erTmaneTze Tanmimdevrulad gadabmas. gaumar-Tavi kiTxvisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia e. w. `robotuli kiTxva~, arabunebrivi wyvetebi, xSiri gameoreba da TviTSesworeba, wertilebisa da sxva sasveni niSnebis ignorireba kiTxvisas.

gageba-gaazreba

wakiTxulis gageba-gaazreba, arsebiTad, kiTxvis ZiriTadi daniSnulebaa. gagebas sak-vanZo mniSvneloba aqvs akademiuri warmatebebis miRwevasa da praqtikulad yvela saxis saqmianobaSi. gageba-gaazreba aris imgvari saazrovno interaqcia teqstsa da mkiTx-vels Soris, romlis Sedegia teqstSi gadmocemuli Sinaarsis konstruireba mkiTxvelis cnobierebaSi. roca gageba efeqturia, mkiTxvels imdenad Rrmad esmis avtoris mier gadmocemuli saTqmeli, rom mas SeuZlia: wakiTxulis gonebaSi warmodgena, varaude-bis Camoyalibeba, daskvnebis gamotana, teqstSi gadmocemuli informaciis Sejameba da Sefaseba, SekiTxvebis dasma, Sedareba, kavSirebis gabma, wakiTxuli ideebis sxvebisTvis gaziareba da sxvadasxva konteqstSi gamoyeneba. wakiTxulis gageba-gaazrebis unaris ganviTarebisTvis gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs mkiTxvelis winare gamocdilebas, leqsikur marags da mosmenilis gageba-gaazrebis unars.

teqstis siRrmiseul gaazrebaze orientirebuli mkiTxvelisTvis damaxasiaTebelia e.w. metakognicia (fiqri sakuTari azrovnebis Sesaxeb), rac gulisxmobs gagebis TviTmo-nitorings. gagebis Seferxebisas kargi mkiTxvelebi gaazrebis alternatiul strate-giebs moiSvelieben xolme.

fonologiuri unarebi da anbanis codna droSi erTgvari TanmimdevrobiT viTardeba. ba-vSvs garkveuli fonologiuri mzaoba sWirdeba imisaTvis, rom anbani aiTvisos. Tumca ki-Txvis swavlis dawyebis Semdeg es ori komponenti paralelurad viTardeba da erTmaneTs aZlierebs, rac sityvebis dekodirebaze gadasvlis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani winapirobaa. rac Seexeba leqsikur maragsa da gageba-gaazrebas, isini sakmaod adre Caisaxeba zepiri komunikaciis gziT, Semdgom ki, teqstebTan urTierTobis procesSi, Rrmavdeba da mTeli cxovrebis manZilze viTardeba.

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kiTxvis swavlebis sabaziso modeli - interaqtiuli da konstruqti vistuli midgoma

konstruqtivistul-interaqtiuli modeli aRwers urTierTmimarTebebs kiTxvis oTx Zi-riTad aspeqts Soris, esenia: mkiTxveli, davaleba/mizani, teqsti, konteqsti/garemo. ki-Txvis procesi efeqturad mimdinareobs, Tuki:

• mkiTxvels aqvs mzaoba, interesi da gacnobierebuli mizani mocemuli teqstis wasakiTxad;

• teqsti Seesabameba mkiTxvelis kiTxvis dones, interessa da wakiTxvis mizans;

• garemo komfortulia mkiTxvelisaTvis da Seicavs miznis miRwevisaTvis saWiro damxmare elementebs.

• kiTxvis procesi mimarTulia konkretuli, gacnobierebuli miznis miRwevisaken;

mkiTxveli

teqstidavaleba/

mizani

garemo/konteqsti

kiTxvis procesi

ganvixiloT es modeli saklaso oTaxis magaliTze:

mkiTxveli

kiTxvis swavlis procesSi unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom TiToeul moswavles aqvs indi-vidualuri ganviTarebisuaxloesizona (lev vigotski). maswavlebeli diagnostikuri da ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis monacemebze dayrdnobiT daadgens moswavleTa mzaobas, saWiroebebsa da interesebs, SearCevs adekvatur teqstebsa da davalebebs. moswavleebi nabij-nabij iviTareben kiTxvis kompetenciebs da maswavleblis daxmarebiT euflebian gageba-gaazrebis strategiebs. maswavlebeli sxvadasxva saSualebas iyenebs patara mkiTx-velebSi motivaciis, Tavdajerebulobisa da TviTrwmenis gasaRviveblad.

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teqsti

saswavlo procesSi gamoiyeneba mravalferovani teqstebi, romelTa sirTule Seesabameba moswavleTa kiTxvisdones1. teqstebi SerCeulia Tematur-Sinaarsobrivi, enobriv-grama-tikuli da vizualuri maxasiaTeblebis gaTvaliswinebiT. maTSi gaTvaliswinebulia ba-vSvebis asakobrivi interesebi da gakontrolebulia iseTi parametrebi, rogorebicaa teqstis moculoba, winadadebebisa da sityvebis sigrZe, ucnobi leqsikuri erTeulebis raodenoba da sxv. moswavleebi iTviseben mxatvruli, sainformacio-SemecnebiTi, pragma-tuli tipis teqstebis struqturul maxasiaTeblebs da Sesaferis strategiebs iyeneben maTTan samuSaod.

garemo/konteqsti

kiTxvis es aspeqti gulisxmobs wignierebis ganviTarebaze orientirebul fizikur da fsiqo-socialur garemos. kiTxva da wera interaqtiuli procesebia. Cveulebriv, kargi mkiTxveli cdilobs gauziaros sxvebs ama Tu im teqstis wakiTxvis Sedegad miRebuli informacia, STabeWdilebebi, daskvnebi da damokidebulebebi. amitom, gansakuTrebulad mniSvnelovania, Tu ramdenad aris uzrunvelyofili da waxalisebuli mkiTxvelebs So-ris saubrisa da azrebis gacvlis saSualebebi. gasaTvaliswinebelia, Tu ramdenad kom-fortul garemoSi uwevT moswavleebs kiTxva, aris Tu ara saTanado ganaTeba, sakmarisi haeri da a. S. aveji da aRWurviloba imgvarad unda moewyos, rom moswavleebs gauadvil-deT interaqcia, diskusiebSi CarTva, ideebisa da namuSevrebis gaziareba. klasSi sivr-cis efeqturad organizeba xels uwyobs `samkiTxvelos~, gaTamaSebebis, prezentaciebis, Toq-Sous tipis aqtivobebis Catarebas. sasurvelia, gamoiyos specialuri kuTxe, sadac maswavlebels saSualeba miecema, sagangebod imuSaos erT an ramdenime moswavlesTan. klasSi unda moewyos saklaso biblioTeka, romelSic sakiTxavi teqstebi bavSvebisTvis xelmisawvdomad iqneba ganTavsebuli sirTulis doneebis/Tematuri kategoriebis mixed-viT; saklaso oTaxis kedlebze gamoikras sityvebis kedeli, Tematuri da sasargeblo strategiebis posterebi, moswavleTa namuSevrebi da sxv.

sagangebo mniSvneloba aqvs imas, Tu ra ZiriTadi da damatebiTi resursebia (leqsiko-nebi, enciklopediebi, interneti) mkiTxvelisTvis xelmisawvdomi. aris Tu ara garSemo adamiani (maswavlebeli, biblioTekari, sakiTxis mcodne pirovneba), romelsac SeiZleba daxmarebisTvis mimarTos mkiTxvelma.

davaleba/mizani

kiTxvis dawyebamde maswavlebeli exmareba moswavleebs teqstTan muSaobis miznis gacno-bierebaSi. wakiTxvis Semdeg moswavleebi miubrundebian Tavdapirvelad dasaxul mizans da cdiloben Seafason, Tu ramdenad miaRwies mas da kiTxvis romeli unarebi/strate-giebi gamoiyenes wakiTxvamde, kiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdeg. maswavlebeli periodu-lad gansxvavebuli sirTulis teqstebsa da davalebebs aZlevs moswavleebs ganviTarebis uaxloesi zonis gaTvaliswinebiT. erTsa da imave gakveTilze moswavleebi diferenci-rebul jgufebSi muSaoben sxvadasxva sirTulis teqstsa da davalebaze. periodulad

1 igulisxmeba mkiTxvelsa da teqsts Soris arsebuli urTierTmimarTebis sami done: frustraciuli, saswavlo da damoukidebeli.

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maswavlebeli arCevanis Tavisuflebas aniWebs moswavleebs, raTa maT Tavad SearCion wasakiTxi wigni, weriTi davaleba an kiTxvis strategia.

kiTxvis miznis gacnobiereba xSirad ganapirobebs mkiTxvelis motivacias da kiTxvis Se-saferisi strategiebis SerCevas. ase rom, mkiTxvelis gamocdilebas (wasakiTxze arsebul codnas), motivacias, ganwyoba-damokidebulebebs, kiTxvis unarebsa da kiTxvis dros ga-mosayenebel strategiebs gansakuTrebuli wvlili Seaqvs kiTxvis procesSi.

wignierebis swavlebis optimaluri modeli - pasuxismgeblobis nabij-nabij gadacema

kiTxvis swavlebis optimaluri modelis mixedviT (Pearson & Gallagher, 1983), wignierebis ganviTarebaze orientirebuli aqtivobebis Sesrulebis dros pasuxismgebloba Tanda-TanobiT gadaecema maswavleblisgan moswavles. Tavdapirvelad maswavlebeli iwyebs ki-Txvis an weris konkretuli strategiis modelirebas mTel klasTan/jgufTan. Semdgom etapze, erToblivi da marTuli praqtikis gamoyenebiT, aaqtiurebs moswavleebs, Tavad ki mimarTavs miznobriv skafoldings. amis Semdeg moswavleebma unda daiwyon strate-giis gamoyeneba mcire jgufebSi an individualuri muSaobisas. am etapze maswavlebeli pirdapiri/eqsplicituri swavlebis nacvlad akvirdeba moswavleebis mier strategiis gamoyenebas da miznobriv daxmarebas uwevs maT saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi. maswavlebeli elis, rom sabolood yvela bavSvi SeZlebs modelirebuli da gavarjiSebuli strategiis damoukideblad gamoyenebas sxvadasxva saxis davalebebis Sesrulebisas.

kiTxvis swavlebis optimaluri modelis safuZvels warmoadgens vigotskis kvlevebi gan-viTarebis uaxloesi zonisa da saswavlo xaraCoebis (skafoldingis) Sesaxeb. mas sjeroda, rom maswavlebeli bavSvebs unda daexmaros axali cnebebisa da unar-Cvevebis swavla-Si uwyveti, miznobrivi interaqciis gziT. moswavle TandaTanobiT iRebs ganviTarebis uaxloesi zonis Sesabamisi sirTulis axal-axal amocanebs, maswavlebeli miznobrivad exmareba moswavles, Semdeg ki, saSualebas aZlevs mas, damoukideblad gamoiyenos axali codna sxvadasxva konteqstSi. aRniSnul process is ganixilavda, rogorc xaraCos.

aRniSnuli Teoriis adaptirebuli versia Seqmna regi rutmanma (Routman, 2002) da mas pa-suxismgeblobis Tanmimdevruli gadacemis modeli uwoda. am modelis mixedviT, pirvel etapze (`me vakeTeb~) maswavlebeli axorcielebs kiTxvis strategiis an unar-Cvevis mode-lirebas. amas mosdevs meore etapi (`Cven vakeTebT~), roca maswavlebeli pasuxismgeblo-bas gadaunawilebs moswavleebs da CarTavs maT praqtikul muSaobaSi (am fazas marTul praqtikasac uwodeben). mesame fazaze (`Sen/Tqven akeTeb(T)~) moswavle Tavad iRebs pasu-xismgeblobas da iyenebs gavarjiSebul unar-Cvevas, maswavlebeli ki saWiroebisamebr exmareba da afasebs mas.

roca amgvari skafoldingiT maswavlebeli iwyebs TiToeuli moswavlisaTvis adekvaturi daxmarebis gawevas, saWiro xdeba gakveTilis struqturisa da garemos Secvla, aseve, davalebebisa da saswavlo resursebis diferencireba. diferencirebul saklaso oTaxSi maswavlebeli organizebis sam ZiriTad formats iyenebs:

• mTel klasTan muSaobas;• garkveuli kriteriumebiT dakompleqtebul mcire jgufebTan muSaobas;• individualur swavlebas.

qvemoT mocemuli sqema asaxavs pasuxismgeblobis nabij-nabij gadacemis etapebs kiTxvisa da weris swavleba-swavlis procesSi. sqemaSi aRwerilia ZiriTadi aqtivobebi da klasis organizebis Sesabamisi formebi.

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pasuxismgeblobis nabij-nabij gadacemis sqema

me vakeTeb

me vakeTeb _ Sen makvirdebi

Cven vakeTebT Sen akeTeb

Sen akeTeb _ me gak-virdebi

me vakeTeb _ Sen mo-nawileob

Sen akeTeb _ me gexmarebi

organizebis forma mTeli klasi mTeli klasi mcire jgufebi/indi-

videbi

individebi/mcire

jgufebi

kiTxvis unarebis

ganviTareba

saCvenebeli/samo-

delo kiTxva

maswavlebeli ki-Txulobs, moswa-vleebi usmenen. maswavlebeli esaubreba moswa-vleebs waki-Txulis Sesaxeb; xmamaRali inte-raqtiuli kiTxva.

erToblivi kiTxva

maswavlebeli iwyebs kiTxvas, moswavleebi hy-vebian mas; sau-broben teqstis Sesaxeb.

marTuli kiTxva

moswavleebi wyvi-lebSi/jgufebSi kiTxuloben ade-kvaturi sirTu-lis teqstebs, maswavlebeli miznobrivad ex-mareba da aZlevs ukukavSirs;

kiTxvis strate-giebis gamoyene-baSi varjiSi.

damoukidebeli

kiTxva

moswavleebi individualu-rad kiTxuloben SerCeul teqs-tebs; saubroben, weren da akeTeben prezentaciebs. maswavlebeli afasebs.

weris unarebis

ganviTareba

saCvenebeli/samo-

delo wera

maswavlebeli TvalsaCinod wers, moswa-vleebi ucqeren; maswavlebeli esaubreba moswa-vleebs dawerili teqstis Sesaxeb.

erToblivi wera

maswavlebeli iwyebs weras, gzadagza moswa-vleebi erTvebian weris procesSi.

marTuli wera (we-

ris saxelosno)

moswavleebi qmnian naweris pirvel (Sav) variants, ukiTxa-ven erTmaneTs, gadaamuSaveben da varjiSoben naweris redaqti-rebaSi maswavle-blis daxmarebiT; weris strategie-bis gamoyenebaSi varjiSi.

damoukidebeli

wera

moswavleebi individualurad qmnian mraval-ferovan weriT namuSevrebs (prezentaciebi da proeqte-bi), ukeTeben redaqtirebas, warudgenen maT auditorias da awyoben kriti-kul ganxilvebs.

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kiTxvis samfaziani aqtivobis (gakveTilis) modeli

kiTxvis aqtivobas, Cveulebriv, samfaziani struqtura aqvs: kiTxvis dawyebamde, kiTxvis dros, da kiTxvis Semdeg.

qvemoT aRwerilia kiTxvis aqtivobis tipuri modeli TiToeuli fazis miznebiTa da Se-degebiT:

faza 1: wakiTxvamde (Semzadeba teqstTan muSaobisaTvis)

• wasakiTx teqstTan dakavSirebiT arsebuli codnisa da gamocdilebis gaxseneba/gaaqtiureba;

• teqstis/wignis, Temisa da gakveTilis miznis wardgena;

• molodinebis Camoyalibeba da Temisadmi interesis stimulireba;

• kiTxvis konkretuli samizne unaris/strategiis modelireba.

am fazaze ganxorcielebuli aqtivobebi moswavleebs exmareba kiTxvisaTvis momzadebaSi. miuxedavad imisa, aqtivoba sabunebismetyvelo teqstis damuSavebas isaxavs miznad, lite-raturuli nawarmoebis interpretaciasa da gamometyvelebiT wakiTxvas, Tu konkretuli aso–bgeris Seswavlas, es faza maswavlebels exmareba moswavleTa yuradRebis koncentri-rebaSi da winare codnis gaaqtiurebaSi. es swrafad da martivad SeiZleba gakeTdes, maga-liTad, teqstis winaswar mimoxilviT, ilustraciebis daTvalierebiT, varaudebis gamoTq-miT, fotos/videorgolis CvenebiT, gonebrivi ieriSiT, gamomwvevi SekiTxvis dasmiT da a.S.

xSiradwakiTxvamde faza moicavs maswavleblis mier specialuri minigakveTilis Catare-bas. am dros maswavlebeli ganumartavs da TvalsaCinod uCvenebs klass, Tu kiTxvis ro-meli unari/strategia unda gamoiyenon teqstTan muSaobis fazaze da rogor. maswavle-beli Tavad akeTebs kiTxvis samizne strategiis modelirebas da Tan xmamaRla aRuwers bavSvebs sakuTar qmedebebs.

faza 2: wakiTxvis dros (teqstTan muSaoba)

• teqstis wakiTxva da informaciis damuSaveba;

• modelirebuli samizne unaris/strategiis gamoyeneba-gavarjiSeba;

• samizne unaris/strategiis gamoyenebis monitoringi da ukukavSiri.

meore fazis mizania axali codnis konstruireba, kiTxvis procesSi miRebuli infor-maciis gaazreba da kiTxvis unarebis gamoyenebaSi varjiSi. am fazaze, sakuTriv kiTxvis procesSi, moswavleebi ukeT xvdebian, Tu rogor, rodis da risTvis gamoiyenon maswa-vleblis mier modelirebuli strategiebi.

meore fazis mizania, moswavleebma teqstTan aqtiuri muSaobiT SeiZinon axali codna, ganiviTaron axali unar-Cvevebi. es SeiZleba ganxorcieldes individualuri an jgufuri muSaobis formatiT, davalebis/aqtivobis baraTebis, Tematuri posterebis, vizualuri sqemebisa da sxva damxmare resursebis gamoyenebiT. mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma Tvalyuri adevnos bavSvebis muSaobas da miznobrivi daxmareba gauwios maT sakiTxavi da-valebis Sesrulebis dros, agreTve, miawodos drouli ukukavSiri samizne strategiebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb.

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faza 3: wakiTxvis Semdeg (teqstTan muSaobis Semdeg)

• axali codnis siRrmiseulad gaazreba-ganmtkiceba;

• gavarjiSebuli unaris/strategiis gamoyeneba sxvadasxva konteqstSi;

• swavlis procesisa da Sedegebis Sefaseba.

mesame fazaze moswavleebi gamoiyeneben dauflebul codnasa da unar-Cvevebs ZiriTad sakiTxebze msjelobis, Sejamebis, SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacemisa Tu saintereso Semoqme-debiTi produqtis SeqmnisaTvis. isini gadaamowmeben, Tu ramdenad gamarTlda pirvel fazaze anu wakiTxvamde Camoyalibebuli molodinebi da Seafaseben gamoyenebuli stra-tegiebis efeqturobas.

sasurvelia, rom mesame fazaze moswavleebs mieceT axlad SeZenili codnis transferisa da demonstrirebis saSualeba. kiTxvis aqtivoba SeiZleba dasruldes leqsis, naxatis an bukletis SeqmniT, prezentaciiT, warmodgenis gaTamaSebiT da sxv. cxadia, am tipis samu-Sao moswavleebisTvis ufro sasargeblo da sasiamovnoa, vidre erTferovani, rutinu-li savarjiSoebis Sesruleba. aseTi SemoqmedebiTi davalebebiT moswavleebi gacilebiT ukeT iTaviseben miRebul codnas, qmnian sakuTar originalur namuSevrebs da warudge-nen maT sxvadasxva auditorias. swored ase uZlierdebaT bavSvebs avtoriseuli Tavda-jerebuloba, swavlis Sinagani motivacia da kiTxvisadmi dadebiTi damokidebuleba.

mesame faza saSualebas gvaZlevs, axali codna gamoviyenoT moswavleTa pirovnuli ganvi-TarebisaTvis. swored am fazaze cdiloben moswavleebi, kritikulad ganixilon avtoris miznebi, teqstSi dasmuli moraluri dilemebi da socialuri problemebi, TandaTanobiT gamoimuSaon sakuTari dasabuTebuli pozicia teqstSi asaxuli faqtebis, mosazrebebis Tu kulturuli stereotipebis mimarT.

wakiTxvamde

• winare codnisa da ga-

mocdilebis gaxseneba/

gaaqtiureba;

• Temisa da miznis ward-

gena;

• molodinebis Camoy-alibeba da Temisadmi

interesis stimulireba;

• samizne unaris/strate-

giis modelireba.

wakiTxvis Semdeg

• axali codnis siR-

rmiseulad gaazre-

ba-ganmtkiceba;

• gavarjiSebuli unaris/strategiis

gamoyeneba sxvadasxva

konteqstSi;

• swavlis procesisa

da Sedegebis Sefa-

seba.

wakiTxvis dros

• teqstis wakiTxva da

informaciis damu-

Saveba;

• samizne unaris/stra-

tegiis gamoyeneba-ga-

varjiSeba;

• samizne unaris/strategiis gamoy-

enebis monitoringi

da ukukavSiri.

19

diferencirebuli swavlebis midgoma

diferencirebuli swavleba niSnavs saswavlo procesis morgebas moswavleTa saWiroebe-bze. esaa erT klasSi myofi gansxvavebuli miRwevebis mqone moswavleTa gasxvavebulad swavleba. swavlebis diferencirebaSi SeiZleba igulisxmebodes erTsa da imave klasSi moswavleTa sxvadasxva jgufTan gansxvavebuli meTodebis da/an resursebis gamoyeneba. igi iTvaliswinebs erTi klasis moswavleebis dajgufebas/dayofas doneebis mixedviT.

diferencirebuli swavlebis mTavari mizania, rom TiToeulma moswavlem miaRwios sauke-Teso Sedegs Tavisi SesaZleblobebis farglebSi. am TvalsazrisiT diferencirebuli swavleba calsaxad ar gulisxmobs gansxvavebuli monacemebis mqone moswavleebis mier Tanabari Sedegebis miRwevas. SesaZlebelia, susti moswavle yovelTvis ver daewios war-matebulebs, Tumca, zogjer susti moswavle iseTive Sedegs aRwevs, rogorsac warma-tebuli. diferencirebuli midgomiT moswavleebs eZlevaT saSualeba, daZlion swavlis procesSi warmoqmnili barierebi da mkveTrad gaaumjobeson Sedegebi. maswavlebeli amas aRwevs uwyveti Sefasebisa da moswavleTa moqnilad dajgufebis gziT. saswavlo pro-cesSi SesaZlebelia iseTi elementebis diferencireba, rogoricaa: Sinaarsi, procesi, davalebebi da garemo.

erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT, diferencirebuli swavleba _ es aris saswavlo procesis imgvari organizeba, romelic gaTvlilia TiToeuli moswavlis an moswavleTa jgufebis saWiroebebze, unarebze da SesaZleblobebze. diferencirebuli swavleba aige-ba Semdegi faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT:

1. moswavleebisa da maswavleblebis molodinebis gacnobiereba;

2. moswavleebis codnis, unarebisa da swavlis stilis gansazRvra;

3. dakvirveba imaze, Tu rogor igeben moswavleebi davalebas;

4. samomavlo gegmebis dasaxvis mizniT Sedegebis Semowmeba da analizi.

diferencirebuli swavlebis efeqturi gamoyeneba mTlianad imazea damokidebuli, Tu ram-denad kargad icnobs maswavlebeli Tavis moswavleebs da ramdenad iTvaliswinebs TiToeuli moswavlis codnas, unar-Cvevebs, damokidebulebas da unikalur gamocdilebas, romelic yalibdeba mSoblebTan, TanatolebTan, mediasa da samyarosTan yoveldRiuri urTierTobiT.

diferenciaciis strategiis gamoyeneba maswavleblisgan swavlisa da swavlebis sxvadasx-va meTodis flobas moiTxovs.

ganaTlebis specialisti jenifer gofroi Tvlis, rom maswavlebelma, romelic diferen-cirebul swavlebas iwyebs, Svidi sabaziso principi unda gaiTvaliswinos:

1. SeiswavleT Tqveni moswavleebi da maTi interesebi, motivacia, saWiroebebi, miznebi. sasurvelia, es saswavlo wlis dawyebisTanave gaakeToT. SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT sxva-dasxva wyaro, magaliTad, moamzadoT specialuri kiTxvari, romelsac moswavleebi da maswavleblebi Seavseben.

2. gaacaniT moswavleebs diferencirebuli swavlebis idea. gamarTeT klasSi diskusia diferencirebuli swavlebis mniSvnelobisa da formebis Sesaxeb. es gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria, Tu diferencirebul swavlebas moswavleebi pirvelad exebian. moswa-vleebma imTaviTve unda icodnen, ratom iReben maTi Tanaklaselebi gansxvavebul davalebebsa da saswavlo resursebs. igive exebaT moswavleTa mSoblebsac.

3. safuZvlianad SeiswavleT sagnisa da klasis standartebi (misaRwevi Sedegebi) da pro-grama (Sinaarsi). darwmundiT, rom kargad gesmiT misaRwevi Sedegebis Semadgeneli unar-Cvevebi da maTi swavlebis meTodebi. Tu ase ar aris, nu daiwyebT diferenci-rebul swavlebas.

20

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xvisa

da

weris s

wav

lebis Z

iriT

adi s

akiT

xebi

4. daiwyeT mcirediT. Tu diferencirebuli swavlebisken pirvel nabijebs dgamT, na-bij-nabij gaamdidreT gakveTilebi diferencirebuli aqtivobebiT. Tavdapirvelad dauTmeT diferencirebuli swavlebis bloks gakveTilis erTi nawili. ar aris auci-lebeli, rom yvela gakveTili datvirToT diferencirebuli swavlebis aqtivobebiT. TandaTanobiT gazardeT diferencirebuli aqtivobebis raodenoba da nel-nela ga-dadiT mTliani gakveTilebisa da Tematuri blokebis diferencirebaze.

5. imuSaveT organizebulad. es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania diferencirebuli swa-vlebisTvis. imTaviTve gaacnobiereT, rom diferencirebuli swavlebis dros moswa-vleTa nawili klasSi damoukideblad imuSavebs. xSirad maswavlebelTa pirveli rea-qcia diferencirebasTan mimarTebiT ase gamoixateba: xuT nawilad xom ar gaviWrebi? me Tu ramdenime bavSvTan vimuSave, danarCenebs vin mixedavs? isedac ar undaT swavla da xom gadavlen yiraze?~ aseTi reaqcia sruliad mosalodnelia. diferencirebuli swavleba kompleqsuri procesia, is aqtivobebisa da resursebis efeqtur marTvas moiTxovs. amitom aucilebelia diferencirebis dawyebisTanave saTanado wesebisa da procedurebis danergva saklaso oTaxSi. klasis marTvis procesSi SegiZliaT daixmaroT moswavleebic. xSirad swored isini gvTavazoben organizebasTan dakavSi-rebuli problemebis originalurad gadawyvetis gzebs.

6. iyaviT Ria da moqnili. maswavleblebma viciT, rom gakveTilis gegma aris erTgvari gzamkvlevi da ara xelSeuxebeli dokumenti. Tu diferencirebuli gakveTili ise ar warimarTa, rogorc gegmavdiT, dafiqrdiT, ram gamoiwvia es. gaiTvaliswineT anali-zis Sedegad gamotanili daskvnebi momdevno gakveTilebis dagegmvisas.

7. iTxoveT daxmareba da gamoiyeneT yvela xelmisawvdomi resursi. SesaZloa, Tqvens sko-laSi romelime kolega aseve cdilobdes diferencirebuli swavlebis danergvas. Tu axlos aseTi aravinaa, skolis bazaze SeqmeniT maswavlebelTa saswavlo jgufi di-ferencirebuli swavlebis sakiTxze. aseve, mimarTeT internetSi wyaroebs, wignebs, gzamkvlevebs. yovelTvis gamoiZebnebian adamianebi, romlebic daxmarebas gagiweven inovaciuri midgomis danergvaSi. mimarTeT maT!

kiTxvis diferencirebulad swavleba

diferencirebuli swavlebis midgomas maswavleblebi warmatebiT iyeneben kiTxvisa da weris unarebis ganviTarebis procesSi. diferencirebuli gakveTilebis dagegmvisas isi-ni zemoT aRweril konceptualur safuZvlebs eyrdnobian. kerZod:

• praqtikulad yvela saklaso oTaxSi, erTi mxriv, mravalferovani da, meore mxriv, rTuli suraTi gvaqvs. gvyavs gansxvavebuli monacemebis, miRwevebis, winare gamocdilebis mqone mkiTxvelebi.

• saswavlo procesis organizebis dros mniSvnelovania moswavleTa individualuri saWiroebebis Seswavla da gaTvaliswineba.

• mniSvnelovania, rom moswavleebi sworad gadanawildnen samuSao jgufebSi da TiToeul jgufs daurigdes adekvaturi sirTulis teqstebi/davalebebi.

• yvela moswavlem da jgufma unda miiRos miznobrivi daxmareba da ukukavSiri kiTxvis procesSi da weriTi namuSevrebis Sesrulebisas.

kiTxvis diferencirebulad swavlebis erT-erTi yvelaze efeqturi da gavrcelebuli me-Todia marTuli kiTxva. marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba gulisxmobs moswavleTa mcire jgufSi (an jgufebSi) Sesaferisi teqstis wakiTxvas da damuSavebas konkretuli unarebis/stra-tegiebis dauflebis mizniT. marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba saSualebas aZlevs maswavlebels, gaaanalizos da gaiTvaliswinos TiToeuli moswavlis saWiroebebi, xolo moswavleebs exmareba, nabij-nabij ganaviTaron kiTxvis is unarebi, romelSic metad sWirdebaT gawa-fva. am wignis VI TavSi SegiZliaT gaecnoT marTuli kiTxvis aqtivobis detalur aRweras.

21

kiTxvis unaris Sefaseba

kiTxvis swavlebis gzaze skolis da maswavleblis saboloo mizania, rom yvela bavSvi aq-tiur mkiTxvelad Camoyalibdes. es imaze gacilebiT metia, vidre moswavleTa dekodi-rebaSi (sityvebis sworad wakiTxvaSi) gawafva. kiTxva kompleqsuri movlenaa da skolasa Tu klasSi gamoyenebuli Sefaseba saTanadod unda asaxavdes kiTxvis swavlis yvela mx-ares. wignierebis unarebis Sesafaseblad unda gamoviyenoT mravalferovani formebi da instrumentebi, raTa yvela moswavlem miiRos uwyveti da konstruqciuli ukukavSiri. es gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria diferencirebul saklaso oTaxebSi, sadac maswavlebelma in-formirebuli gadawyvetilebebi unda miiRos moswavleTa jgufebSi gasanawileblad, adek-vaturi sakiTxavi masalisa da davalebebis SesarCevad, miznobrivi daxmarebis gasawevad.

Sefaseba efeqturi swavlebis erT-erTi sakvanZo elementia. kvlevebi cxadyofs, rom regularul Sefasebas mniSvnelovani wvlili Seaqvs moswavleTa kiTxvisa da weris unare-bis ganviTarebaSi. is exmareba maswavlebels, gansazRvros moswavleTa individualuri saWiroebebi da Seitanos swavlebaSi Sesaferisi cvlilebebi.

farTomasStabiani erovnuli da saerTaSoriso testirebebi ar iZleva sakmaris infor-macias imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra sWirdeba calkeul moswavles. metic, semestruli Semajamebe-li testebic ar aris sakmarisi imis dasadgenad, Tu ras aRwevs TiToeuli moswavle ara mxolod wlis bolos, aramed saswavlo wlis mimdinareobisas. amitom maswavleblebi Semajamebeli Sefasebis garda mTeli saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi iyeneben saklaso gan-maviTarebel da diagnostikur Sefasebebs. aseTi Sefasebebi gacilebiT naTel da sando informacias iZleva moswavleTa konkretuli miRwevebis, Zlieri da susti mxareebis, gasaumjobesebeli aspeqtebis Sesaxeb.

kiTxvis swavleba–swavlis procesSi ZiriTadad vafasebT iseT unarebs, rogoricaa: fo-nologiuri unar–Cvevebi, anbanis codna, sityvebis dekodireba, gamarTuli kiTxva da gageba–gaazreba. saWiroebisamebr, amas SeiZleba daematos efeqturi kiTxvis ganmapirobe-beli iseTi unarebis Sefaseba, rogoricaa: wignTan muSaobis sawyisi Cvevebi, mosmenili teqstis gageba, Txroba, wakiTxulis Sesaxeb msjeloba, azris werilobiT Camoyalibeba. aseve gasaTvaliswinebelia sxva umniSvnelovanesi faqtorebic: kiTxvis motivacia, kiTx-visadmi damokidebuleba, mkiTxvelis Tavdajerebuloba da sxv. romelime komponentSi CamorCena sakmao zians ayenebs ara mxolod kiTxvis, aramed sxva unarebis dauflebis processac.

klasis doneze ganxorcielebul Sefasebas uzarmazari gavlena aqvs moswavleTa mkiTx-velebad Camoyalibebis traeqtoriaze. kiTxvis unaris saklaso Sefasebis sami ZiriTa-di tipia: skriningi, diagnostireba da progresis monitoringi. cxrilSi mocemulia Ti-Toeuli maTganis mokle daxasiaTeba.

Sefaseba aRwera magaliTi

skriningi

mizani: moswavlis Zlieri da susti mx-areebis adreuli gamovlena moswavlis unarebisa da SesaZleblobebis siR-rmiseuli kvlevis gareSe. skriningis Sedegia riskis jgufis moswavleebis gamovlena.

saswavlo wlis dasawyisSi yvela moswavles Cautarda inidividualuri xuTwuTiani kiTxvis testi, romelic daadgens moswavleTa mzaobas axali codnisa da unarebis SesaZenad.

diagnostire-ba

mizani: moswavlis warmateba/warumate-blobis mizezebis povna; daskvnebis gamoyeneba moswavlis susti mxareebis daZlevisa da SesaZleblobebis sru-lad realizebisaTvis.

riskis jgufSi moxvedril moswav-leebTan maswavlebelma Caatara diag-nostikuri testireba imis dasadgenad, Tu ratom ar aris SesamCnevi winsvla.

22

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progresis monitoringi

mizani: swavleba-swavlis procesis efeqturobis dadgena; esaa moswavleTa Sualeduri Sefaseba, romelic gamoav-lens moswavlis miRwevebs da swav-lebis efeqturobas.

tardeba periodulad, raTa ganisazRv-ros: vis ra miRweva aqvs? vis ar aqvs sakmarisi miRweva? vis ra saxis dax-mareba sWirdeba?

pirveli semestris Sua periodSi mas-wavlebelma mTel klasSi Caatara in-formaciuli teqstis gageba-gaazrebis jgufuri weriTi testireba. Sedegebis analizma aCvena, rom saWiroa: a) mTel klasSi axal terminebTan muSaobis strategiebis gavarjiSeba, b) klasSi informaciuli teqstebis ufro xSir-ad wakiTxva, g) ramdenime moswavlisT-vis informaciuli abzacis Sejamebis strategiis xelaxla swavleba.

praqtikaSi sxvadasxva Sefasebis miznebi xSirad erTmaneTs nawilobriv gadafaraven xolme. zogierTi kargad Sedgenili instrumenti SeiZleba ori an meti daniSnulebiT gamoviyenoT. magaliTad, teqstis xmamaRla wakiTxvis erTwuTiani testi SeiZleba gamov-iyenoT rogorc skriningis, ise diagnostirebisa da progresis monitoringisaTvis; kar-gad mofiqrebuli saSinao da saklaso davalebebis Sesrulebis analizi saukeTeso wyaroa rogorc progresis monitoringis, ise diagnostikuri msjelobisTvis da a.S.

xSiri da mizanmimarTuli Sefaseba moswavleTa kiTxvis unaris nabij–nabij ganviTarebis erT–erTi umniSvnelovanesi sayrdenia. am mizniT skolebSi efeqturad iyeneben iseT ZiriTad meTodebsa da saSualebebs, rogoricaa: kiTxvis procesze dakvirveba, gasaubreba kiTxvis Sesaxeb, morbenali Canawerebi, testebi, davalebebis analizi, rubrika (Sefasebis sqema).

am saresurso wignSi TiToeuli Tavis bolos mocemulia testebisa da rubrikis nimuSebi diagnostikuri da ganmaviTarebeli SefasebisTvis. testis nimuSebi Seicavs mokle aRw-eras, Catarebis instruqcias, maswavleblisa da moswavlis samuSao formebs. maswavleb-els SeuZlia maTi sxvadasxva kombinaciaSi gamoyeneba imis mixedviT, Tu romel klasSi ra mizans isaxavs testireba. rogorc wesi, aq mocemul testebs skriningisa da diagnos-tikisTvis viyenebT. Sesabamisad, mizanSewonilia maTi gamoyeneba TiToeuli semestris dasawyisSi an Sua periodSi da ara semestris bolos, Semajamebeli Sefasebis mizniT.

wignis merve Tavi mTlianad eTmoba saklaso ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis safuZvlebsa da efeqtur saSualebebs. warmodgenili instrumentebis momzadeba da gamoyeneba ar aris dakavSirebuli did xarjebTan da teqnikur sirTuleebTan. am instrumentebis moSveli-eba sakmaris informacias awvdis maswavlebels TiToeuli moswavlis Zlieri da susti mxareebis Sesaxeb, rac, Tavis mxriv, swavlebis adekvaturi meTodebisa da resursebis SerCevas uwyobs xels.

23

kiT

xvis

Sef

aseb

is Z

iriT

adi

fo

rme

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a d

a in

str

ume

nteb

i

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is f

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a (u

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a wa

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; mo

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el k

las

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ter

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Sem

deg

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emis

gam

oye

nebi

T.

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iriT

adi s

akiT

xebi

kiTxvis unaris Sefaseba komponentebisa da klasebis mixedviT

qvemoT mocemuli cxrili Seicavs sarekomendacio informacias kiTxvis unaris diagnosti-kuri/ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis testebis/davalebebis Sesaxeb klasebisa da komponentebis mixedviT. rasakvirvelia, zogierT SemTxvevaSi ama Tu im testis Catareba miTiTebulis garda sxva etapzec gaxdes saWiro, rac moswavleTa individualur monacemebze, saswav-lo miznebsa da diferencirebis amocanebze iqneba damokidebuli. muqad gaferadebuli ujrebi mianiSnebs, rom ama Tu im testis Catareba rekomendebulia miTiTebuli klasisT-vis (am testebis variantebi SegiZliaT ixiloT portalze: www.kargiskola.ge). Ria feriT gaferadebuli ujra ki mianiSnebs, rom Sesabamisi komponenturi unaris diagnostikuri gadamowmeba SeiZleba sasargeblo aRmoCndes mTel klasTan an klasis nawilTan.

qarTuli ena

#kiTxvis

komponentitesti/davaleba maxasiaTeblebi

klasi

I II III IV V VI

1wignTan muSao-bis sawyisi Cvevebis testi

wignis elemen-tebis amocnoba

individualuri. zepiri

2fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi

sityvis bgere-bad danawevreba


3 anbanis codna

asoebsa da bgerebs Soris Sesabamisobis dadgena

individualuri. kiTxviTi.

4gamarTuli kiTxva

sityvebis wakiTxva

individualuri. kiTxviTi

5teqstis wakiTx-va


6leqsikuri mar-agi

sityvis mniSvn-elobis gamoc-noba

jgufuri. wer-iTi.

7

gageba-gaazreba (mxatvruli te-qstis, sainfor-macio teqstis)

a) mxatvruli (TxrobiTi) te-qstis wakiTxva da SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacema b) sainformacio teqstis wakiTx-va da SekiTx-vebze pasuxis gacema

individualuri an jgufuri. ze-piri an weriTi.

25

qarTuli, rogorc meore ena

#kiTxvis

komponentitesti/davaleba maxasiaTeblebi

klasi

I II III IV V VI

1wignTan muSaobis sawyisi Cvevebi

wignis elemen-tebis amocnoba


2fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi

sityvis bgerebad danawevreba


3 anbanis codna

asoebsa da bge-rebs Soris Sesabamisobis dadgena

individualuri. kiTxviTi.

4gamarTuli kiTx-va

sityvebis wakiTx-va


5 teqstis wakiTxvaindividualuri. kiTxviTi

6 leqsikuri maragi sityvis mniSvne-lobis gamocnoba

jgufuri. weri-Ti.

7

gageba-gaazreba (mxatvruli teqs-tis, sainforma-cio teqstis)

a) mxatvruli teqstis wakiTxva da SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacema b) sainformacio teqstis wakiTxva da SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacema

jgufuri. weri-Ti.

26

kiT

xvisa

da

weris s

wav

lebis Z

iriT

adi s

akiT

xebi

G-PriEd-is sakiTxavi wignebis gamoyeneba saswavlo procesSi

wignis am nawilSi mocemulia informacia saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis (G-PriEd) farglebSi Seqmnili sakiTxavi wignebis miznobriobisa da maxasiaTeblebis Sesaxeb.

yvela sakiTxav wigns miniWebuli aqvs sirTulis konkretuli done, romelic ganisaz-Rvreba Semdegi sakvanZo parametrebiT:

• Tematika da Sinaarsi

• teqstis tipi da struqtura

• teqstis zoma (sityvebisa da winadadebebis sruli raodenoba)

• winadadebis saSualo sigrZe (sityvebis saSualo raodenoba winadadebaSi)

• Znelad dekodirebadi sityvebis procentuli wili teqstSi (grZeli sityvebi da mravalTanxmovniani sityvebi)

• semantikurad rTuli sityvebis procentuli wili teqstSi

• sityvis saSualo sigrZe (asoebis raodenoba sityvaSi)

• Sriftis zoma

• ilustraciebi

• teqstisa da ilustraciebis ganawileba gverdebze

wignebis miznobrioba

doneebad dalagebuli sakiTxavi wignebis mTavari mizania, bavSvebma ikiTxon bevri da ikiTx-on xSirad. swored amisken gvibiZgebs e. w. `oqros wesi~ kiTxvis swavlaSi: rac mets vkiTx-ulobT, miT ukeTesad vswavlobT kiTxvas. amisaTvis moswavleebs xeli unda miuwvdebodeT Sinaarsobrivad da Janrobrivad mravalferovan, asakisaTvis Sesaferis sakiTxav masalaze. isini mudmivad unda kiTxulobdnen sxvadasxva tipisa da Tematikis, adekvaturi sirTu-lis teqstebs1. es saWiroa rogorc kiTxvis teqnikis gasamarTad, ise leqsikuri maragisa Tu fonuri codnis gasamdidreblad, gageba-gaazrebis unaris gasaviTareblad da, rac arsebiTad mniSvnelovania, kiTxvis motivaciis SesanarCuneblad. amitom rekomendebulia am wignebis gamoyeneba gakveTilze saCvenebeli, erToblivi, marTuli da damoukidebeli kiTxvis blokebSi. mTavaria, maswavlebelma sworad SeurCios moswavleebs (an moswavleTa jgufebs) wignebi da moargos isini saswavlo mizans da moswavleTa saWiroebebs erovnuli saswavlo gegmis moTxovnaTa gaTvaliswinebiT. rasakvirvelia, SesaZlebelia, rom moswav-lem Sin waiRos wigni wasakiTxad an konkretuli davalebis Sesasruleblad. es wignebi gaamdidrebs saklaso biblioTekebs da maswavlebels saSualebas miscems, saxelmZRvane-losTan erTad mravalferovani sakiTxavi resursi SesTavazos bavSvebs.

G-PriEd-is damatebiT sakiTxav wignebs ramdenime konkretuli da praqtikuli daniSnule-ba aqvs: kiTxvis teqnikis nabij-nabij ganviTareba; zepiri da weriTi komunikaciisT-vis saWiro leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba; `wignebis enis~ daufleba2; gageba-gaazrebis strategiebis gamoyeneba; samyaros Sesaxeb codnis gaRrmaveba; kiTxvis motivaciis gaR-viveba da wignebisadmi pozitiuri damokidebulebis Camoyalibeba. es wignebi ar aris rekomendebuli rutinuli savarjiSoebis SesrulebisTvis, gramatikuli konstruqciebis eqsplicituri/pirdapiri swavlebisaTvis, Tumca, ar gamoricxavs mravalferovani, gan-

1 sirTulis mixedviT gamoiyofa sami donis teqstebi: damoukidebeli, saswavlo da frustraciuli. saswavlo donis teqstisTvis sityvebis 95%-is codna da sityvebis 95%-is uSecdomod wakiTxva kargi maCvenebelia.2 `wignebis enaSi~ vgulisxmobT teqstis specifikur semantikur, struqturul, sintaqsur maxasiaTe-blebs, romlebic iSviaTad gvxvdeba zepirmetyvelebaSi.

27

vrcobiTi aqtivobebis ganxorcielebas da xels uwyobs enobrivi unarebis implicituri/arapirdapiri gziT aTvisebas.

cxrilSi damatebiT mocemulia sakiTxavi wignebis praqtikuli gamoyenebis meTodolo-giuri aspeqtebi, romlebic Seesabameba kiTxvis unaris nabij-nabij1, dabalansebulad, integrirebulad da diferencirebulad swavlebis midgomebs.

sabaziso strate-giebi aqtivobis formati samizne unarebi

saCvenebeli (sa-modelo) kiTxva

maswavlebeli xmamaRla ukiTxavs wigns mos-wavleebs pauzebiT an pauzebis gareSe.

• wakiTxulis mosmena da gageba;• wignis struqturis aRqma;• leqsikuri erTeulebis aTviseba;• kiTxvis strategiebis modelireba da gamoy-

eneba.

erToblivi kiTxva da misi variaciebi

maswavlebeli da mos-wavleebi erTad kiTxu-loben wigns.

• wignTan muSaobis sawyisi Cvevebi;• sityvebis dekodireba/cnoba;• teqstis struqturis aRqma;• leqsikuri erTeulebis aTviseba;• kiTxvis strategiebis gamoyeneba;• kiTxvis teqnikis gawafva.

marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba

moswavleebi wyvilebsa da jgufebSi kiTxulo-ben adekvaturi sirTu-lis (saswavlo donis) wignebs maswavleblis miznobrivi daxmarebi-Ta da ukukavSiriT.

• kiTxvis teqnika (sizuste, tempi, intonacia);• teqstis struqturis aRqma;• leqsikuri erTeulebis aTviseba;• gageba-gaazrebis strategiebisa (varaudebis

gamoTqma, warmosaxvaSi gacocxleba, SekiTx-vebis dasma, kavSirebis damyareba, daskvnebis gamotana...) da grafikuli sqemebis gamoyeneba;

• sxva mkiTxvelebTan interaqcia da TanamSrom-loba;

• msjeloba da diskusiaSi monawileoba;• refleqsia da teqstis kritikuli Sefaseba.

damoukidebeli kiTxva

moswavleebi damou-kideblad kiTxuloben adekvaturi sirTulis (damoukidebeli kiTx-vis donis) wignebs.

• kiTxvis teqnikis gawafva (sizuste, tempi, intonacia);

• teqstis struqturis aRqma;• leqsikuri erTeulebis aTviseba;• gageba-gaazrebis strategiebisa da grafikuli

sqemebis damoukideblad gamoyeneba;• gageba-gaazrebis monitoringi;• refleqsia da teqstis kritikuli Sefaseba.

wera

moswavleebi monawile-oben saCvenebeli weris, erToblivi weris, marTuli werisa da damoukidebeli weris aqtivobebSi.

• weris teqnikis gawafva;• sxvadasxva daniSnulebis (werili, dRiuri,

moTxroba da sxv.) weriTi namuSevris Seqmna;• naweris gadamuSaveba da redaqtireba.

kiTxvis aqtivobis ganvrcoba

mkiTxvelTa Teatri, piesis gaTamaSeba, te-qstis interpretacia, ilustrireba, audio da videoCanawerebi.

• kiTxvis teqnikis gawafva;• weris teqnikis gawafva;• teqstis SemoqmedebiTad gadamuSaveba;• teqstis prezentacia.

1 igulisxmeba e. w. `pasuxismgeblobis nabij-nabij gadacemis modeli~, romelic kiTxvisa da weris swavlebis procesSi oTx ZiriTad meTodologiur safexurs aerTianebs, esenia: 1. saCvenebeli kiTxva / saCvenebeli wera; 2. erToblivi kiTxva / erToblivi wera; 3. marTuli kiTxva / marTuli wera; 4. da-moukidebeli kiTxva / damoukidebeli wera.

28

kiT

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adi s

akiT

xebi

sakiTxavi wignebis gamoyenebis periodebi

wignebis gamoyeneba saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi rekomendebulia miniWebuli kiTxvis donis gaTvaliswinebiT, magaliTad, Tu wignze miTiTebulia done 3.2, es niSnavs, rom am wigniT muSaoba mizanSewonilia mesame klasis Sua periodSi (3.1 donis wignebis wakiTxvis Semdeg da 3.3 donis wignebis wakiTxvamde). ra Tqma unda, klasSi SeiZleba aRmoCndnen moswavleebi, romlebic dagegmilze adre/gvian waikiTxaven ama Tu im donis wigns. dif-erencirebuli midgomiT wigni SeirCeva moswavlis miRwevebisa da saWiroebebis gaTvalis-winebiT. garda amisa, wakiTxvis periodi SeiZleba ganisazRvros kiTxvis aqtivobis tipis mixedviTac, magaliTad, SesaZloa, moswavleTa wyvils mesame klasis dekemberSi marTuli kiTxvis ativobisTvis SevTavazoT 3.2 donis, xolo damoukidebeli kiTxvisTvis _ 3.1 donis wigni.

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis sakiTxavi wignebi

zemoT CamoTvlili sabaziso aqtivobebis garda, meore enis swavlebis procesSi sakiTxa-vi wigni SeiZleba gamoviyenoT Semdegi daniSnulebiTac:

suraTis aRwera da SekiTxvebimaswavlebeli saubrobs ilustraciis Sesaxeb, svams adreul reproducirebaze orientirebul SekiTxvebs.

sruli fizikuri reaqciamaswavlebeli svams SekiTxvebs/aZlevs miTiTebebs ilustra-ciebis mixedviT, moswavleebi reagireben fizikuri moqmede-bebiT.

ilustraciaze gamosaxulebis moZebna dasaxelebuli sityvis mixedviT

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, ilustraciaze moZebnon gamosaxuleba dasaxelebuli sityvis mixedviT.

miTiTebuli gamosaxulebis mixedviT sityvis dasaxeleba

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, daasaxelon sityva mi-TiTebuli gamosaxulebis mixedviT.

saCvenebeli/erToblivi wera ilustraciis gamoyenebiT

moswavleebi asaxeleben sityvebs, maswavlebeli wers maT dafaze. weris procesSi SeiZleba CaerTon moswavleebic.

fonologiuri savarjiSoebi ilustraciebis gamoyenebiT

moswavleebi ilutraciebze eZeben ama Tu im bgeriTi Semad-genlobis mqone sityvebs; asruleben am sityvebis bgerebiTa da marcvlebiT sxvadasxva saxis manipulaciebs.

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis wignebis kiTxvis doneebi

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis SemswavlelTaTvis gansazRvrulia kiTxvis Semdegi donee-bi: pirveli (1.1, 1.2); meore (2.1, 2.2, 2.3); mesame (3.1, 3.2, 3.3); meoTxe (4.1, 4.2, 4.3); mexuTe (5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis sakiTxavi wignebis kiTxvis doneebi Seesabameba qarTulis, rogorc meore enis moqmedi saxelmZRvaneloebis doneebs. aqedan gamomdinare, konkretuli donis sakiTxavi wignebis Setana mizanSewonilia im klasSi, romelSic maswavlebeli iyenebs Sesabamisi donis saxelmZRvanelos, magaliTad, Tu maswavlebeli meoTxe klasSi aswavlis mesame donis wigniT, maSin is am klasSi gamoiyenebs 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 donis sakiTxav wignebs1.

cxrilSi mocemulia wignebis gamoyenebis sarekomendacio periodebi da muSaobis formebi.

1 gamonaklisi SemTxvevebis garda, roca calkeuli moswavleebis saWiroebebi diferencirebuli mid-gomis mixedviT gansxvavebuli donis sakiTxavs moiTxovs.

29

done klasi muSaobis forma

1.1, 1.2 pirveli

wignTan muSaobis sawyisi Cvevebis gamosamuSavebeli aqtivobebi, mag-aliTad, arasityvieri nawilebis (ilustraciis, ZiriTadi teqstis) gamoyofa; fonologiuri savarjiSoebi;leqsikuri erTeulebis gacnoba;saCvenebeli kiTxva;erToblivi kiTxva maswavlebelTan erTad;asoebis da xSiri sityvebis moZebna; winadadebebis, striqonebis dasawyisisa da dasasrulis moZieba da miTiTeba; teqstSi konkretuli sityvis an winadadebis povna;winadadebaSi sityvebis raodenobis daTvla;mSobliur enaze varaudis gamoTqma teqstis Sinaarsis Sesaxeb ilus-traciebze dayrdnobiT;sityvis/winadadebis ilustraciasTan dakavSireba;wignis mixedviT dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxi da miTiTebebis Sesruleba (bunebrivi midgoma);saCvenebeli wera wignis mixedviT.

1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2,

2.3meore

fonologiuri savarjiSoebi;leqsikuri erTeulebis gacnoba;saCvenebeli kiTxva pauzebiT;erToblivi kiTxvis variaciebi;xmamaRla kiTxvis variaciebi: gameorebiTi kiTxva, monacvleobiT kiTx-va, urTierTwakiTxva da sxv.;xSiri sityvebis moZebna;sityvebis dekodireba, cnoba;winadadebebis dekodireba; wignis mixedviT dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxi da miTiTebebis Sesruleba (bunebrivi midgoma);naxatis Sesatyvisi winadadebis an dasmul SekiTxvaze pasuxis moZieba teqstSi;teqstis mixedviT naxatis Seqmna/gaferadeba an dasruleba; erToblivi wera da enobrivi praqtika wignis mixedviT.

2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3,

4.1mesame

informaciis daakavSireba Sesabamis ilustraciasTan, personaJTan;dialogisa da Txrobis garCeva;xmamaRla kiTxvis variaciebi: gameorebiTi kiTxva, monacvleobiT kiTx-va, urTierTwakiTxva, mkiTxvelTa Teatri da sxv.;ilustraciebze dayrdnobiT varaudebis gamoTqma teqstis Sinaarsis garSemo mSobliur enaze;Sinaarsis gasagebad arasityvieri elementebis moSvelieba;tipografiuli miniSnebebis garCeva (mag., msxvili, gadaxrili, gamuqebuli, feradi Srifti);teqstis (replikis, leqsis strofis), abzacis, winadadebis dasawyisisa da dasasrulis gamoyofa da sxv.;marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba (kiTxvis strategiebis gamoyeneba);moswavlis kiTxvis donis mixedviT SerCeuli wignis damoukideblad kiTxva.

30

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adi s

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xebi

3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3,

5.1meoTxe

marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba;moswavlis kiTxvis donis mixedviT SerCeuli wignis damoukideblad kiTxva;xmamaRla kiTxvis variaciebi: gameorebiTi kiTxva, monacvleobiT kiTx-va, urTierTwakiTxva, mkiTxvelTa Teatri da sxv.;ilustraciebze dayrdnobiT varaudebis gamoTqma teqstis Sinaarsis garSemo;SekiTxvebis dasma da pasuxebis moZieba;teqstis Sinaarsis dakavSireba garemosTan, pirad gamocdilebasTan an sxva teqstebTan da sxv.

4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

mexuTe da me-eqvse

marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba;moswavlis kiTxvis donis mixedviT SerCeuli wignis damoukideblad kiTxva;xmamaRla kiTxvis variaciebi: gameorebiTi kiTxva, monacvleobiT kiTxva, urTierTwakiTxva, mkiTxvelTa Teatri da sxv.; nacnobi teqs-tidan sasurveli/SerCeuli nawyvetis gamarTulad da gamometyvelebiT wakiTxva;varaudebis gamoTqma teqstis Sinaarsis garSemo;SekiTxvebis dasma da pasuxebis moZieba; teqstis Sinaarsis dakavSireba garemosTan, pirad gamocdilebasTan an sxva teqstebTan da sxv.. teqstis an calkeuli epizodis sakomunikacio situaciis (avtori, adresati; Tema, mizani) amocnoba;sakiTxavi amocanebis Sesabamisad teqstSi eqspliciturad mocemuli informaciis povna;sagnis, garemos, moqmedebis, movlenis aRwera da sxv.;movlenaTa da moqmedebaTa Tanamimdevrobis, maT Soris mizezSedego-brivi kavSirebis amocnoba;personaJebis emociebis, maTi qcevis motivebs amocnoba;teqstSi avtorisa da personaJebis sityvebis garCeva; siuJetis ganviTarebis safexurebis gamoyofa;sakuTari damokidebulebis gamoxatva personaJisa da misi moqmedebis/qcevis mimarT; personaJTa saqcielis Sefaseba; eqsplicitur informaciaze dayrdnobiT daskvnis gamotana.

am wignebis gamoyeneba saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi, ZiriTadi saxelmZRvaneloebis para-lelurad, xels Seuwyobs rogorc kiTxvis unarebis ganviTarebas, aseve, zogadad, eno-brivi kompetenciebis daxvewas da akademiuri moswrebis gaumjobesebas yvela saganSi.

31

• raarisfonologiuriunar-Cvevebidaratomaris

isinimniSvnelovanidamwyebimkiTxvelisTvis?

• rakavSiriafonologiurunar-CvevebsadakiTxvas

Soris?

• ragansxvavebaafonologiurunar-Cvevebsadaaso-

bgerebiscodnasSoris?

• rogorvaswavloTfonologiuriunar-Cvevebi?

• rogorSevamowmoTfonologiuriunar-Cvevebi?

Tavi II

fonologiuri

unar-Cvevebi

32

fonol

ogiuri u

nar

-Cv

eve

bi

fonologiuri aqtivobebis cxrili

aqtivobis dasaxeleba resursi gverdi

aqtiuri mosmena

saubari xmebze sagnebi da moqmedebebi, romlebic gansxvavebul, saintereso xmebs gamoscemen / xmebis Canaweri

39

xmaTa Tanmimdevrobis mosmena sagnebi da moqmedebebi, romlebic gansxvavebul, saintereso xmebs gamoscemen / xmebis Canaweri

40

muu-muu, sad xar? 41

kusunam Tqva... 42

Cven samogzaurod mivdivarT 42

Cemi feradi teqsti silueturi naxati moswavleTa raodenobis mixed-viT, feradi fanqrebi/flomasterebi

43

xatva karnaxiT qaRaldi, kalami/fanqrebi 44

riTmis cnoba da gariTmva

yuTSi iyo mcire zomis suraTiani baraTebi 46

romelia zedmeti? mcire zomis suraTiani baraTebi 47

wavikiTxoT riTmebi sabavSvo saxaliso leqsebi 47

`budan-gudan~ 48

ciyvi xeze suraTiani baraTebi 48

marcvlebi da damarcvla

taSi saxelebze 49

cuncula ciyvi saTamaSo ciyvi an ciyvis suraTi (an bavSvebisTvis saxaliso nebismieri sxva arseba)

50

`ia-iao~ leptopi/magnitofoni, interneti/simReris Canaw-eri

51

marcvlebad daWrili baraTebi vertikaluri xazebiT dayofili suraTiani ba-raTebi

52

`suleluri~ winadadebebi nacnobi moTxrobidan an leqsidan aRebuli wina-dadebebis/frazebis saxecvlili varianti

53

pirveli bgeris amocnoba

nivTebis povna winaswar damzadebuli suraTiani baraTebi 54

sityvebis wyvilebi (bgeris amogdeba)

55

bgerebis gadabma

kvirias ucnauri laparaki suraTiani baraTebi 56

bgerebad daWrili naxatebi vertikaluri xazebiT dayofili suraTiani ba-raTebi

57

gadavabaT bgerebi suraTiani baraTebi 58

bgerebad daSlis aqtivobebi

Tavi _ mxrebi _ muceli _ mux-lebi

or-, sam- an oTxbgeriani sityvebi 58

Cavifiqre sityva 59

`akrZaluli~ bgerebi suraTiani baraTebi 60

bgerebi wreSi 61

33

komponentis ganmarteba da mokle aRwera

ratom unda vaswavloT es komponenti?

fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi kiTxvis erT-erTi safuZvelia. am unarebis mqone bavSvs Seu-Zlia bgerebiTa da zepiri sityvebiT manipulireba, bgerebiTa da sityvebiT `TamaSi~. ZiriTadad igulisxmeba bgerebis amocnoba, zepiri sityvebis marcvlebad da bgerebad daSla, aseve bgerebisa da marcvlebis gadabma-gamTlianeba.

adreul asakSi bavSvebi ver axerxeben zepirad warmoTqmuli sityvebis erTmaneTisgan gamoyofas, radgan maTTvis saubari bgeraTa uwyvet nakadad aRiqmeba; saWiroa, rom maT CamouyalibdeT unari, romlis meSveobiTac SeZleben winadadebaSi sityvebis, sityvebSi marcvlebisa da bgerebis, marcvlebSi bgerebis gamocalkevebas, agreTve calkeuli bge-rebisa da marcvlebisagan sityvebis Sedgenas. cnobilia, rom bavSvebi, romelTac Camo-yalibebuli aqvT fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi, advilad euflebian aso-bgerebs. amitom fonologiur unarebze muSaobas dekodirebis unaris ganviTarebisa da orTografiis aTvisebisTvis gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs.

• zepirad warmoTqmuli sityvebis cnoba

• marcvlebis gadabma da damarcvla

• riTmis cnoba

• bgerebis gamoyofa, amocnoba, gadabma,

bgerebad danawevreba, bgerebis amogde-

ba, damateba da Canacvleba

gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxva

fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi

aso-bgerebisanbanis codna

leqsikuri maragi

gageba-gaazreba

kiTxvis komponentebi

ratom aris mniSvnelovani fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis floba?

fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi da asoebis codna ori umTavresi winapirobaa kiTxvis una-ris dauflebaSi warmatebis misaRwevad. kiTxvaSi problemebis mqone bavSvebs Soris xSi-rad gvxvdebian swored fonologiur unar-CvevebSi gauwafavi bavSvebi. bgerebis codna mniSvnelovania, vinaidan is sityvebis dekodirebisa da weris erT-erTi mTavari sayrde-nia. garda amisa, enis bgeriTi sistemis gacnobiereba exmareba bavSvs sityvebis daufle-basa da leqsikuri maragis gamdidrebaSi.

fonologiur unarebs xSirad ureven aso-bgerebis codnaSi, romelic gulisxmobs asoebsa da bgerebs Soris mimarTebis codnas. am codnis gamoyenebiT damwyebi mkiTxvelebi xvde-bian, rogor warmoTqvan sityvebi dekodirebisas da rogor daweron asoebi da sityvebi. xolo fonologiuriunarebi smeniTi, sametyvelo bgerebis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebu-li unarebia. ar aris aucilebeli, moswavlem icodes anbani imisTvis, rom ganiviTaros fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi.

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qvemoT cxrilSi mocemulia ZiriTadi fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi:

unar-Cveva SekiTxvebi da miTiTebebi

gariTmuli sityvebis amocnoba eriTmeba Tu ara erTmaneTs sityvebi `qudi~ da `kudi~?

gariTmuli sityvis moZebnaromeli sityva eriTmeba sityvas `navi~? (`Tavi~) romeli sityva ar eriTmeba am sityvebSi sxva sityvebs? `gza~, `bza~, `toti~ (`toti~)

winadadebis danawevreba sityvebad

yuradRebiT mousmine winadadebas da daukari imdeni taSi, ramdeni sityvac gaigone: `Cits aqvs frTebi.~

marcvlebis gadabmame vityvi sityvis nawilebs dacalkevebulad. Sen Tqvi, ra sityvaa: `gu-li~, `ma-ma-li~.

marcvlebad daSlayuradRebiT mousmine sityvas da daukari imdeni taSi, ramdeni marcvalic gaigone: `ma-wo-ni~.axla Sen damarcvle sityva da Tqvi, ramdeni marcvalia.

marcvlebis raodenobaTa amocnoba ramdeni marcvalia sityvaSi `nayini~?

marcvlis identificireba da sityvaSi misi adgilis amocnoba

romelia pirveli marcvali sityvaSi `qaTami~? meramdene marcvalia `mi~ am sityvaSi?

marcvlis CamoSoreba Tqvi sityva `baWia~. axla ise Tqvi, rom ar Tqva `ba~.marcvlis damateba Tqvi sityva `bu~. axla isev Tqvi da boloSi daamate `de~.

sityvaSi bgerebis amocnobara bgeriT iwyeba sityva `daTvi~?ra bgeriT bolovdeba sityva `midis~?romelia mesame bgera sityvaSi `vaSli~?

bgerebis gadabmagadaabi Cem mier cal-calke warmoTqmuli bgerebi da miiRe sityva: `s-a-x-l-i~

sityvis bgerebad daSla miTxari yvela bgera, romelic gesmis sityvaSi: `yveli~.bgerebis daTvla sityvaSi ramdeni bgeraa sityvaSi `buSti~?bgeris amogdeba Tqvi sityva `xeli~. axla ise Tqvi, rom ar Tqva `x~.bgeris Camateba Tqvi sityva `xili~. axla daamate win bgera `T~.

bgeris SecvlaTqvi sityva `culi~. axla Secvale `c~ `f~-Ti da Tqvi axali sityva.

sityvebis Sedareba da saerTo bgeris povna

romeli bgeriT iwyeba es ori sityva: `vefxvi~ da `vardi~?me getyvi or sityvas: `fexi~ da `muxa~. romeli bgera meordeba orive sityvaSi?


fonologiuri unarebis droulad ganviTareba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania araqarTu-lenovani moswavleebisaTvis. am bavSvebTan muSaobisas vawydebiT konkretul sirTules, kerZod, maT uWirT qarTul enaSi arsebuli zogierTi bgeris identificireba da sworad warmoTqma. saubaria im bgerebze, romlebic ucxoa bavSvis mSobliuri enisTvis, aseve, TanxmovanTa sameulebze (b-p-f, g-k-q da sxv.). qarTuli enis Semswavleli pirvelklase-li ormagi sirTulis winaSea, magaliTad: sityvaSi `wyali~ gamoyos `w~, rogorc pirveli bgera (es amocana dgas qarTulenovani bavSvis winaSec); mosmenisa da warmoTqmisas ganasx-vaos `wyali~-s pirveli bgera `carci~-s pirveli bgerisgan (es amocana damatebiT dgas qarTulis, rogorc meore enis Semswavleli bavSvis winaSe). Sesabamisad, qarTulis, ro-gorc meore enis Semswavleli pirvelklaselisTvis gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos orive sirTulis dasaZlevi savarjiSoebi.

praqtikosi pedagogebi amtkiceben, rom qarTuli enisTvis damaxasiaTebeli bgerebis aR-qmaze muSaoba ufro efeqturia swavlebis dawyebiT safexurze, enis Seswavlis pirvelive dReebidan. maRali safexuris moswavleebTan ki sirTules qmnis is, rom maT ar aqvT saTanadod damuSavebuli yuri da sametyvelo aparati am bgerebis aRsaqmelad da warmo-saTqmelad, miCveulebi arian maT arasworad warmoTqmas.

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fonologiuri unarebis swavleba

bgerebis swavla da fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis gamomuSaveba SesaZlebelia Tanmimde-vrulad Catarebuli aqtivobebis meSveobiT. fonologiur savarjiSoebs mimarTaven sko-lamdel da winasaanbano periodSi, raTa moswavle saTanadod moemzados anbanuri prin-cipis asaTviseblad.

qvemoT mocemulia ramdenime sabaziso meToduri rekomendacia fonologiuri unar-Cve-vebis swavlebisaTvis.

mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma:

• fonologiuri savarjiSoebi Caataros sistemurad, mkafiod gansazRvruli logi-kuri TanmimdevrobiT, martividan rTulisken.

• aswavlos eqspliciturad (pirdapiri swavlebis midgomiT) – auxsnas moswavles, Tu ra da rogor unda gakeTdes. jer uCvenos savarjiSos Sesrulebis nimuSi, Sem-deg CarTos praqtikul varjiSSi, bolos miawodos ukukavSiri.

• yoveldRiurad fokusireba gaakeTos erT an or (da ara erTdroulad ramdenime) fonologiur unarze (magaliTad, pirveli da bolo bgerebis amocnobaze).

• yvelaze meti dro dauTmos bgerebis gadabmisa da bgerebad danawevrebis unarebze varjiSs. am unarebs yvelaze didi wvlili Seaqvs kiTxvis swavlaSi.

• avarjiSos da aTamaSos moswavleebi mcire jgufSi (Tumca es ar gamoricxavs mTe-li klasisTvis swavlebas).

• daakvirdes moswavleebs. SearCios savarjiSoebi da TamaSebi moswavleTa saWiroe-bebis mixedviT.

• Caataros fonologiuri savarjiSoebi yoveldRiurad. dauTmos TiTo sesias daaxloebiT 5-10 wuTi.

• Tavdapirvelad, winasaanbano periodSi, ar Seurios fonologiuri unarebis swa-vlebas anbanis swavlebis savarjiSoebi da resursebi.

• fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis saTanado doneze ganviTarebis Semdeg moswavleebs praqtikulad aswavlos, Tu rogor gamoiyenon es unarebi kiTxvisa da weris pro-cesSi (mag., daweramde gonebaSi bgerebad daSalon esa Tu is sityva).

radgan ukve aRvniSneT fonologiuri unarebis mniSvneloba kiTxvis dauflebis proces-Si, sainteresoa Tvali mivadevnoT, Tu rogor viTardeba es komponenti esg-s (qarT. I. 5.) mixedviT. pirvel rigSi unda aRiniSnos, rom fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba pirvel klasSi iwyeba da sruldeba. sasurvelia, Tavdapirvelad moswavlem SeZlos sity-vebSi riTmis amocnoba, marcvlebis sityvebad gaerTianeba (igulisxmeba nacnobi sityve-bi) da sityvebis damarcvla. amis Semdeg man ukve taSis dakvriT unda daiTvalos sityvaSi marcvalTa raodenoba. momdevno etapze moswavleebi maswavleblis mier CamoTvlil si-tyvebSi (an suraTebze) amoicnoben (gamoarCeven) im sityvebs, romlebic Seicavs winaswar miTiTebul bgeras/zepir marcvals. mniSvnelovania, rom moswavlem SeZlos marcvlebis raodenobisa da Sesabamisi raodenobis simboloebis, magaliTad, rkalebis erTmaneT-Tan dakavSireba. am etapze bavSvi erTmarcvlian sityvas warmoadgens erTi rkaliT (), ormarcvlians – ori rkaliT (½) da a.S. amave etapze man unda amoicnos miTiTebuli marcvlis adgilmdebareoba sityvaSi (dasawyisSi, SuaSi, boloSi). mag., sammarcvliani si-tyvis gamomxatveli sami rkalidan miTiTebuli marcvlis Sesabamisi rkalis gaferadeba. amis Semdeg moswavlem unda SeZlos sityvaze marcvlis damateba da Camocileba. es aris pirveli etapi, xolo momdevno etapi iqneba bgerebiT operireba.

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mxolod am etapis gavlis Semdeg iwyeben moswavleebi bgerebze muSaobas. moswavlem unda SeZlos sityvis pirveli Tu bolo bgeris amocnoba, sityvaSi bgeris adgilmdebareobis povna (dasawyisSi, SuaSi, boloSi), sityvis transformireba bgeris CamocilebiT, damate-biT an CanacvlebiT (mag.: bali – ali; ori – qori; xeli – xali;). Semdegi aqtivoba unda iyos ukve bgerebis sityvad gaerTianeba (mag,: x/e/l/i _ xeli) da sityvis bgerebad daSla (mag.: saaTi – s/a/a/T/i), bgeris adgilmdebareobis gansazRvra (lokalizeba) sityvaSi, rasac unda mohyves bgerebis daTvla sityvaSi. `jer~ da `Semdeg~ aq pirobiTad aris naTqvami. sinamd-vileSi, ama Tu im savarjiSos Sesruleba unda ganxorcieldes moswavleTa saWiroebebidan gamomdinare da amas diagnostikur swavlebaze orientirebuli maswavlebeli gansazRvravs.

fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis ganmaviTarebeli aqtivobebi

qvemoT mocemulia fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis ganmaviTarebeli ramdenime ZiriTadi ti-pis savarjiSo:

gamocnobiTi davalebebis Sesrulebis unari

a.riTma

mag.:romeli sityvebi eriTmeba/hgavs erTmaneTs? xeli, dafa, beli (xeli, beli)

b.sawyisiTanxmovnebi

mag.: romeli ori sityva iwyeba erTi da imave bgeriT? Txa, ca, Tavi (Txa, Tavi)

g.boloTanxmovani

mag.: romeli ori sityva Tavdeba erTsa da imave bgeraze? burTi, dafa, saaTi (burTi, saaTi)1

d.SuaTanxmovnisamocnoba

mag.: romeli ori sityvis SuaSi aris erTi da igive bgera? daTvi, skola, aTi (daTvi, aTi)

bgerebisa da marcvlebis zepirad gadabmis unari

a.sityvadacalkevebuliamarcvlebad.

mag.: moismineT sityvis nawilebi. TqviT mTeli sityva. /ska/- /mi/ – ra sityvaa es? (skami)

b.sityvidangamocalkevebuliapirvelibgera.

mag.: moismineT sityvis nawilebi da TqviT mTeli sityva. /g/-/za/ – ra sityvaa es? (gza)

g.sityvadacalkevebuliabgerebad.

mag.: moismineT sityvis nawilebi. TqviT mTeli sityva. /e/-/n/-/a/ – ra sityvaa es? (ena)

sityvebis zepirad danawevrebis unari (bgerebis daTvlis CaTvliT)

a.marcvlebad

mag.: moismineT sityva da damarcvleT igi. `skami~ (/ska/-/mi/)

b.pirvelibgerisgamoyofa

mag.: moismineT sityva. daasaxeleT am sityvis pirveli bgera da Semdeg sityvis darCenili nawili. `kalami~ (/k/-/alami/)

g.calkeulbgerebad(bgerebisdaTvla)

1 rCeva savarjiSos modelirebisa da adaptirebisTvis: maswavlebeli asaxelebs sityvas da gamoyofs bolo bgeras: burT-i, daf-a, saaT-i. SesaZoloa dasaxeldes ara ori erTnairdaboloebiani sityva, aramed erTi _ gansxvavebuli.

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mag.: moismineT sityva. gamoTqviT igi calkeuli bgerebiT. `mze~ – /m/-/z/-/e/. ramdeni bgeraa am sityvaSi? (3)

bgerebiT manipulirebis unari

a.sawyisibgerisSecvla

mag.: sityvaSi `Txa~ pirveli bgera SecvaleT `f~-Ti. (fxa)

b.bolobgerisSecvla

mag.: sityvaSi `tari~ bolo bgera SecvaleT ò~-Ti. (taro)

g.xmovanisSecvla

mag.: sityvaSi `TiTi~ Sua xmovani SecvaleT à~-Ti. (TaTi)

d.marcvlebisgamokleba

mag.: TqviT `magida~ `ma~-s gareSe. (gida)

e.sawyisibgerisgamokleba

mag.: TqviT `mze~ `m~-s gareSe. (ze)

v.bolobgerisgamokleba

mag.: TqviT `dafa~ à~-s gareSe. (daf)

z.meorebgerisgamoklebaSerwymiT

mag.: TqviT `skami~ `k~-s gareSe. (sami)

fonologiuri aqtivobebi suraTiani baraTebis gamoyenebiT

fonologiuri unarebis ganmaviTarebeli savarjiSoebis Casatareblad erT-erTi sauke-Teso resursia suraTiani baraTebi. suraTiani baraTebiT bevri saxaliso aqtivobis Ca-tarebaa SesaZlebeli. Tu SedarebiT mravalricxovan jgufTan an mTel klasTan muSaobT, gamoiyeneT didi zomis baraTebi. mcire jgufTan, wyvilTan an individualurad erT moswavlesTan samuSaod SesaZlebelia mcire zomis suraTiani baraTebis gamoyeneba.

• maswavlebeli uCvenebs bavSvebs didi zomis suraTian baraTs (daiWers xelSi an gaukravs dafaze).

• Semdeg moswavleebs dausvams SekiTxvebs da aZlevs miTiTebebs imis mixedviT, Tu romeli unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas isaxavs miznad:

o ramdeni bgeraa am sityvaSi?

o warmoTqviT am sityvis pirveli bgera.

o daasaxeleT sxva sityva, romelic amave bgeriT iwyeba.1

o damarcvleT sityva.

o daasaxeleT sxva sityva, romelic amave marcvliT iwyeba.

o miiReT axali sityva ise, rom am sityvis erTi bgera SecvaloT.

o daasaxeleT sityva, romelic am sityvaze erTiT met/nakleb bgeras/marc-vals Seicavs.

o daasaxeleT sityva, romelic eriTmeba am sityvas.

1 moswavleebi, romlebisTvisac qarTuli araa mSobliuri ena, Znelad an saerTod ver igeben aseT ins-truqciebs. qarTuli enis pirveli donis maswavleblis wignSi mocemulia rekomendaciebi, romlebic dagexmarebaT am miznis miRwevaSi. magaliTad, xeliT vaCvenoT bavSvebs, rom daimaxsovron romelime bgera da am bgeraze Tqvan sityvebi.

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SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma moswavleebs mcire zomis baraTebis krebulebic daurigos da damatebiT sxva davalebebic misces:

o ipove sityva/sityvebi, romelic amave bgeriT iwyeba.

o ipove sityvebi, romlebSic amdenive bgeraa/marcvalia.

o ipove sityvebi, romlebSic aris am sityvis pirveli bgera.

o ipove sityva, romelic eriTmeba am sityvas (Tuki aseTi aris).

o ipove sityva, romelic erTiT met/nakleb bgeras/marcvals Seicavs.


qarTulis, rogorc meore enis Semswavlelebi am savarjiSoebis SesrulebaSi aucile-blad unda gaiwafon mSobliuri enis gakveTilebzec. sasurvelia, rom qarTulis, ro-gorc meore enis maswavlebeli mSobliuri enis maswavlebels gaesaubros im instruqci-is Sesaxeb, romliTac moswavleebs martivad miaxvedrebs savarjiSos pirobas.

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebelma frTxilad unda SearCios klasSi Sesatani savarjiSoebi moswavleTa ganviTarebis donisa da instruqciebis sirTulis gaTvaliswi-nebiT. fonologiuri savarjiSoebi unda daefuZnos moswavleTaTvis nacnob leqsikur erTeulebs. Sesabamisad, saWiro leqsika maswavlebelma winaswar unda warudginos ba-vSvebs gakveTilze. leqsikuri erTeulebi unda SeirCes saxelmZRvaneloebidan, yovel-dRiuri sasaubro enidan, posterebidan, suraTiani baraTebidan da sxv. zogjer SesaZle-belia savarjiSoebisTvis ucnobi leqsikuri erTeulebis SerCevac.

sityvebis SerCevisas saWiroa ramdenime principis gaTvaliswineba:

• daiwyeT martivi sityvebiT da TandaTanobiT gaarTuleT isini. SedarebiT martivia ormarcvliani sityvebi, romlebic iwyeba TanxmovniT, ar Seicavs TanxmovanTa kom-pleqsebsa da mSobliuri enisaTvis ucxo bgerebs (magaliTad, deda, kari);

• daiwyeT im sityvebiT, romelTa mniSvnelobac nacnobia an advilad misaxvedria bavS-vebisTvis;

• gamoiyeneT sityvebi, romlebic bavSvebs SedarebiT xSirad SexvdebaT saubrebSi, nawer teqstebSi, simRerebSi da sxv.;

• SeZlebisdagvarad gaamartiveT instruqcia (mag., miTiTeba `warmoTqviT am sityvis pirveli bgera~ SeiZleba iTqvas asec: `Tqvi pirveli bgera.~);

• gaaZliereT instruqcia mkafio araverbaluri elementebiT (mag., Tu gindaT, rom moswavlem daasaxelos sityvis pirveli bgera, xeliT aCveneT `erTi.~);

• ramdenjerme Tavad SeasruleT miTiTeba nacnobi leqsi-kuri erTeulebiT (mag., ramdenjerme warmoTqviT `burTi _ b~, `deda _ d~);

• daixmareT sxarti da mimxvedri moswavle davalebis Ses-rulebis modelirebaSi (mag., Tqven ityviT sityvas `magi-da~, moswavle ityvis `m~-s. amis mere savarjiSos Seasru-leben sxva moswavleebic);

• SeasruleT davaleba erToblivad (klasTan erTad), sanam moswavleebi individualurad/wyvilebSi Seasruleben mas.

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mosmenaze orientirebuli aqtivobebi

yuradRebiT mosmena fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebis umniSvnelovanesi safuZ-velia. samwuxarod, saswavlo procesSi am etaps xSirad gadaaxtebian an zereled gairbe-nen xolme. maswavleblebs miaCniaT, rom skolaSi mosulma bavSvebma ukve ician mosmena. yovelTvis ase ar aris. 5-6 wlis bavSvs saTanadod SeiZleba ar hqondes ganviTarebuli gulisyuriT, aqtiurad mosmenis unari. rogorc ar unda hqondes pirvelklasels ganvi-Tarebuli es unari, aucilebelia misi gavarjiSeba. amitom sasurvelia, rom fonolo-giuri unar-Cvevebis swavlebasTan erTad bavSvebs CavutaroT mosmenaze orientirebuli aqtivobebi.

saubari xmebze

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

am aqtivobaSi CarTuli bavSvebi `moiZieben~ da akvirdebian maT garSemo arsebuli xmebis simravles. Sedegad moswavleebi yuradRebas amaxvileben mravalferovan xmebze/bgerebze da amaxsovrdebaT isini. bavSvebi asaxeleben gagonil xmebs da saubroben maTze. SesaZle-belia, moswavleebma amocnobili xmebi gamoxaton mimika-JestikulaciiTa da moZraobiT (mag., fexis xmis gagonebaze TiTebiT an gadaadgilebiT ganasaxieron siaruli).

resursi: sagnebi da moqmedebebi, romlebic gansxvavebul, saintereso xmebs gamoscemen (sia ix. qvemoT).

aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dasxams bavSvebs wred iatakze an skamebze.

• sTxovs, rom mousminon xmebs. yvela Cumad unda iyos. maswavlebeli eubneba ba-vSvebs, rom isini unda gadaiqcnen `xmebis maZieblebad~ da amisTvis gamoiyenon yurebi. skolis SenobaSi yovelTvis ismis sxvadasxva xma. es SeiZleba iyos karis daxurvis, maswavleblis saubris, foTlebis Srialis xma da a. S.

• maswavlebeli bavSvebTan erTad saubrobs gagonili xmebis Sesaxeb.

• Semdeg isev miubrundebian mosmenas. maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas: `vis aqvs yoCa-Ri yurebi? vin gaigonebs kidev sxva xmebs?~

• aqtivobis dasasruls maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad Seajamebs, Tu ratom aris xma mniSvnelovani da ras gveubneba is.

SeniSvna: maswavlebels SeuZlia, CarTos winaswar momzadebuli Canaweri (mag., cxovelis, manqanis, amindis xmebi). SesaZlebelia, TviTonac gamosces esa Tu is xma.


moswavleebi aucileblad daiwyeben amocnobili xmebis mSobliur enaze dasaxelebasac. maswavlebeli maT mier gamoTqmul frazebs srulyofili formiT warmoTqvams qarTul enaze (mag., `karis xma~, `fexis xma~). cxadia, am dros maswavlebeli miznad ar isaxavs moswavleebis mier am leqsikuri erTeulebis myisierad aTvisebas, Tumca es aqtivoba exmareba moswavleebs nacnobi leqsikuri erTeulebis ganmtkicebasa da axali sityvebis/gamoTqmebis gagebaSi.

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xmaTa Tanmimdevrobis mosmena

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

am TamaSSi bavSvebi jer amoicnoben calkeul xmebs, Semdeg ki Tanmimdevrulad – xmebis rigs. moswavleebs uviTardebaT mexsiereba da yuradReba sxvadasxva xmis/bgeris, aseve bgeraTa Tanmimdevrobis mimarT.

resursi: sagnebi da moqmedebebi, romlebic gansxvavebul, saintereso xmebs gamoscemen, rogoricaa:

• kakuni

• qrola

• stvena

• taSi

• enis tkacuni

• CanTis saketis gawkapuneba

• Caxveleba

• qaRaldis gaxeva

• makratliT raimes gaWra

• davardna (sxvadasxva sagnis)

• TiTebis dakakuneba

• vaSlis Wama

• qaRaldis gadakecva

• CaquCis dartyma

• xtunva

• fanjris gaReba

• siTxis dasxma

• zaris darekva

• mofxanva

• fanqris gaTla

• wignis daxurva / gadafurcvla

• kovziT moreva

• kompiuteris CarTva

• mausis wkapuni, klaviaturaze beWdva

• siaruli

• dafaze carciT wera

• fanqriT wera

aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs bavSvebs, xeli aifaron Tvalebze.

• Semdeg Tavad gamoscems romelime nacnob xmas (mag., karis daxurvis, daceminebis, pianinos klaviSze dakvris). sTxovs moswavleebs, yuradRebiT moisminon da sca-don, gamoicnon, risi xma gaisma.

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• rodesac bavSvebi am TamaSSi gaiwafebian, maswavlebeli mimdevrobiT or xmas ga-moscems. moswavleebma Tvalis gaxelis gareSe, swori TanmimdevrobiT unda daa-saxelon, ra xmebi gaigones. ori xma iyo. pirveli iyo ........... da meore iyo ......... .~

• or-ori xmis amocnobis Semdeg maswavlebeli gadadis sam da met xmaze. amjeradac sasurvelia, bavSvebma sruli winadadebebiT daasaxelon gagonili xmebi.

SeniSvna: mniSvnelovania, rom bavSvebma pasuxebi ar wamoiZaxon da yvelas Tanabrad mie-ces monawileobis saSualeba. sasurvelia, maswavlebelma zogjer mTel klass SesTavazos pasuxis dasaxeleba, zogjer ki – calkeul moswavles.

mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma CainiSnos TiToeuli moswavlis progresi am TamaSebSi. gansakuTrebiT im bavSvebis, romlebsac problemebi eqmnebaT calkeuli xmebis amocnobaSi an xmebis Tanmimdevrobis aRqmaSi. aseT bavSvebs damatebiTi daxmareba dasWirdebaT.

variaciebi

• bavSvebi daxuWaven Tvalebs, maswavlebeli ki mimdevrobiT gamoscems ramdenime xmas. Semdeg gaimeorebs xmebs imave TanmimdevrobiT, magram amjerad romelimes gamoto-vebs. moswavleebi unda mixvdnen, romeli xma gamotova maswavlebelma.

• ramdenime mcdelobis Semdeg maswavlebeli axla moswavleebs SesTavazebs wamyvanis rolis Sesrulebas. aseT dros moswavle gamoscems xmebs TanaklaselebisTvis gamo-sacnobad.

SeniSvna: es TamaSebi Zalian kargia moswavleebis mier rigobiTi sityvebis (pirveli, meo-re, mesame, Sua, bolo da sxv.) aTvisebisa da gamoyenebis SefasebisTvis. mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma periodulad yuradReba gaamaxvilos am sityvebze.

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavleblebisaTvis

L1 L2

Tu moswavleebi ver axerxeben qarTul enaze zogierTi xmis aRweras, SesaZlebelia maswavle-belma maT daurigos patara suraTiani baraTebi, romlebzec gamosaxuli iqneba xmebis ga-momcemeli sagnebi. ama Tu im xmis gagonebisas moswavleebma unda aswion Sesabamisi baraTebi.

SesaZlebelia moswavleebma ver SeZlon gagonili xmis srulyofilad aRwe-ra (mag., ZaRlis yefa), amitom SeiZleba mxolod TiTo sityviT aRweron (mag., ZaRli). agreTve, dasaSvebia, moswavleebma Tavadac ganasaxieron gagonili xma (mag., daiyefon~, Tu ZaRlis yefas aRweren, TiTebis moZraobiT migvaniSnon, Tu makratlis xma moesmaT da sxv.).

aseve, SesaZlebelia am aqtivobis gamoyeneba leqsikuri erTeulebis swavlebisaTvis ro-gorc mSobliur, ise meore enaze.

muu-muu, sad xar?

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

bavSvebi cdiloben gaarkvion, saklaso oTaxis romeli adgilidan moismis esa Tu is xma. TamaSi moswavleebs uviTarebs yuradRebiT mosmenis unars, sivrceSi orientaciis unars. garda amisa, bavSvebi nel-nela emzadebian sityvebSi bgerebis garCevisTvis.

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resursi: specialuri resursi saWiro ar aris.

aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dasxams bavSvebs wred.

• erTi bavSvi wris SuaSi dajdeba (skamze an iatakze) da Tvalebze xels aifarebs.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs erT-erT bavSvs, saklaso oTaxis romelime adgilas mivides da Tqvas `muu-muu~.

• wris SuaSi myofi bavSvi miuTiTebs im mxares, saidanac zmuilis xma ismis.

• Tu sworad gamoicnobs, wreSi sxva Cajdeba, is ki gava saklaso oTaxis romelime adgilas da sxva cxovelis xmas gamoscems (bee-bee, miau-miau, ham-ham, yvaa-yvaa...).

kusunam Tqva...

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

maswavlebeli sxvadasxva martiv instruqcias aZlevs wred mdgom bavSvebs da yovel isn-truqcias iwyebs standartuli fraziT. Tu maswavlebeli am frazis gareSe daiwyebs instruqcias, moswavleebma igi ar unda Seasrulon. TamaSi aviTarebs yuradRebis kon-centraciis unars.


aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli erT-erT bavSvs wamyvanad daniSnavs.

• bavSvebi unda dadgnen imgvarad, rom wamyvans xedavdnen.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs wamyvans, rom warmoTqvas instruqcia bavSvebisTvis. maga-liTebi: `kusunam Tqva, daide TiTi cxvirze.~ `kusunam Tqva, dadeqi cal fexze.~1

• zogjer wamyvani instruqcias daiwyebs sityvebiT `kusunam Tqva~, zogjer ki pir-dapir instruqcias ityvis `kusunam Tqva~-s gareSe.

• Tu wamyvani ityvis `kusunam Tqva~, maSin bavSvebma unda Seasrulon misi miTiTeba. Tu wamyvani ar ityvis `kusunam Tqva~-s, bavSvebma ar unda Seasrulon miTiTeba.

• Tu wamyvanma gamotova `kusunam Tqva~ da pirdapir miTiTeba warmoTqva, magram bavSvma mainc Seasrula miTiTeba, is jdeba.

• gamarjvebulia bavSvi, romelic bolomde fexze darCeba.

Cven samogzaurod mivdivarT

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi yuradRebiT usmenen, imaxsovreben da mimdevrobiT imeoreben erTmaneTis mier dasaxelebul sityvaTa jaWvs.


1 qarTulis, rogorc meore enis gakveTilze sasurvelia ufro martivi instruqciis micema, mag.: `ku-sunam Tqva, dajeqi.~ `kusunam Tqva, xeli aswie.~

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aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dasxams bavSvebs wred da sTxovs, moifiqron adgili, sadac imog-zaurebdnen. SeiZleba, dafazec daweros am adgilis dasaxeleba.

• pirveli bavSvi daasaxelebs sagans/nivTs, romelsac wamoiRebs mogzaurobaSi. ma-galiTi: `me momaqvs burTi~.

• meore bavSvi daasaxelebs wina bavSvis mier dasaxelebul sagans da Semdeg daama-tebs Tavisas, magaliTad, `Cven mogvaqvs burTi da limonaTi~.

• yoveli momdevno bavSvi asaxelebs yvela wina sagans da TiTos amatebs.

• TamaSi grZeldeba manam, sanam vinme Secdomas ar dauSvebs. aseT SemTxvevaSi TamaSi dasruldeba an bavSvebi axal `mogzaurobas~ daiwyeben.

varianti 1: TamaSis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli Camowers moswavleTa mier dasaxele-bul sityvebs dafaze saCvenebeli weris an erToblivi weris gamoyenebiT.

varianti 2: maswavlebeli sTxovs bavSvebs, amoirCion TiTo sityva dasaxelebuli nivTebi-dan. Semdeg daxaton da/an daweron es sityva damoukideblad. weris dros maswavlebeli exmareba moswavleebs saWiroebisamebr.

Cemi feradi teqsti

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi ismenen maswavleblis mier wakiTxul mokle teqsts da mosmenilis mixedviT aferadeben siluetur naxats. am aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavles ganuviTarebs mosmenis unars, yuradRebis koncentraciis unars, warmosaxvis unars da sxv.

resursi: silueturi naxati moswavleTa raodenobis mixedviT, feradi fanqrebi/flomas-terebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli bavSvebs urigebs samuSao furclebs silueturi naxatiT (magali-Tad, jambazi);

• Semdeg sTxovs maT, yuradRebiT mousminon maswavleblis mier wakiTxul teqsts da wakiTxulis mixedviT gaaferadon silueturi gamosaxuleba.

• maswavlebeli nela, garkveviT ukiTxavs moswavleebs martivad aRsaqmel teqsts (magaliTad: `iyo erTi mxiaruli jambazi jaju. gabuStul wiTel cxvirze Savi xali buziviT ajda.~1).

• moswavleebi teqstis Sinaarsis Sesabamisad aferadeben siluetur naxats.

1 adaptirebuli nimuSi qarTulis, rogorc meore enisTvis: `wiTeli cxviri, Savi Tvalebi. lurji Sar-vali da mwvane maisuri...~

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xatva karnaxiT

meTodis/aqtivobis Sesaxeb

maswavlebeli karnaxobs moswavleebs martivad dasaxat suraTs, xolo moswavleebi usme-nen da xataven.

aqtivobis Sesrulebis Sedegad moswavleebi:

• iviTareben mosmenis unars;

• imdidreben leqsikur marags;

• eCvevian instruqciebis Tanmimdevrulad Sesrulebas;

• swavloben sivrceSi saganTa ganlagebasTan dakavSirebul sityvebs.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi, mcire jgufi, individualuri

resursi: qaRaldi, kalami/fanqrebi

msvleloba

• pirvel rigSi auxseniT moswavleebs, rom isini daxataven imas, rasac Tqven maT ukar-naxebT. Tqven aRuwerT maT suraTs. maT ki ubralod unda moisminon da daxaton is, rasac Tqven etyviT. aseve uTxariT bavSvebs, rom Tqven naxatebs ki ar afasebT, aramed imas, Tu rogor moismenen da sworad Caxataven sagnebs furcelze. uTxariT, rom Tu romelime sagans/sityvas ver gaigeben, nu daxataven am sagans da gaagrZelon xatva.

• aRwereT martivi da advilad dasaxati suraTi. pirvel etapze, sanam moswavleebi kar-naxiT xatvaSi gavarjiSdebian, am aqtivobisTvis SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT winaswar mom-zadebuli samuSao furceli qveS miwerili instruqciebiT (instruqciebis nimuSi ix. qvemoT).

• karnaxis dros sasurvelia, fokusireba gaakeToT mxolod TiTo elementze. isau-breT nela da gaimeoreT TiToeuli instruqcia ramdenjerme. mieciT moswavleebs sakmarisi dro TiToeuli sagnis dasaxatad sanam momdevno saganze gadaxvalT. imoZraveT klasSi, daaTvaliereT bavSvebis namuSevrebi da darwmundiT, rom isini sworad asruleben instruqciebs. daexmareT saWiroebisamebr.

miniSnebebi

aqtivobis dawyebamde gaakeTeT modelireba. daxateT marTkuTxa furceli dafaze. am fur-clis~ gamoyenebiT SeaxseneT bavSvebs is sityvebi, romlebic maT dasWirdebaT xatvis dros: `SuaSi~, `zemoT~, `qvemoT~, `marjvniv~, `marcxniv~, `kuTxeSi~, `win~, `ukan~, da sxv.

aseve SegiZliaT, modelirebisTvis, moqmedebebis warmoTqmis daxmarebiT, daxatoT am furcelze martivi sagnebi, mag., saxli, mTa, Rrubeli, Citi da sxv. (maswavleblis sityvebi xatvis dros: `ze-moT, marjvena kuTxeSi vxatav Rrubels.~, `Rrublis qvemoT vxatav Cits~). am procesSi daxateT da warmoTqviT is sagnebi, romelTa swavlebasac gegmavT. is, Tu romel moqmedebebsa da sityvebs aswavliT an SeaxsenebT aqtivobis dawyebamde, moswavleTa winare codnazea damokidebuli.

variaciebi ganvrcobisaTvis

• karnaxis dasrulebis Semdeg sTxoveT moswavleebs, gaaferadon naxatebi da amisTvis ukarnaxeT ferebi. magaliTad, `gaaferadeT saxlis saxuravi wiTlad”, ~gaaferadeT foTlebi mwvaned,~ sTxoveT moswavleebs, miaweron sagnebs Sesabamisi sityvebi.

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• sTxoveT moswavleebs, daweron suraTis aRwera.

• mieciT moswavleebs sagnebis sia. sTxoveT, rom TviTon daxaton da gamoiyenon yvela Camowerili sagani.

• muSaoba wyvilebSi. erTi moswavle karnaxobs, meore yuradRebiT usmens da xatavs (am aqtivobisTvis mniSvnelovania, rom moswavleebi ver xedavdnen erTmaneTis naxa-tebs). Semdeg cvlian rolebs. mogvianebiT adareben dedansa da mewyvilis mier daxa-tul naxatebs, saubronen msgavseba-gansxvavebebze.

maswavleblis samuSao furclis instruqciebis nimuSi

- furclis SuaSi aris didi saxli.

- saxls aqvs kari da ori fanjara.

- saxlis saxuravze aris sakvamuri.

- furclis zeda marcxena mxares aris didi mze.

- mze icinis.

- saxlis ukan da mzis qvemoT aris mTa.

- saxlis gverdiT, marcxniv aris vaSlis xe.

- vaSlis xis marjvniv dgas gogona.

- gogonas xelSi uWiravs vaSli.

- gogona icinis.

- saxlis zemoT da mzis marjvniv aris ori Rrubeli. erTi Rrubeli didia, meore Rrubeli pataraa.

riTmis cnoba da gariTmva

riTmis cnoba erT-erTi adreuli fonologiuri unaria da kiTxvis mniSvnelovani sa-fuZvelia. am unaris gamoyenebas bavSvebi advilad iwyeben, Tumca zogierTs gavarjiSeba sWirdeba. gariTmuli sityvebiT TamaSi moswavleebs sityvebis mniSvnelobis garda maT forma/JReradobazec gaamaxvilebinebs yuradRebas. riTmis aRqmis unari win uswrebs dawerili asoebisa da sityvebis wakiTxvas. is erT-erTia fonologiur unar-Cvevebs So-ris da amitom mTlianad audialurad tardeba.

saukeTeso resursi riTmis swavlebisaTvis (igulisxmeba msgavsi JReradobis/daboloebe-bis mqone sityvebis amocnoba/dawyvileba/dasaxeleba) aris leqsebi da simRerebi. gaer-TeT da imxiaruleT! rac ufro saxaliso aqtivobebs SesTavazebT bavSvebs, miT ukeT SeZleben riTmis amocnobas da sityvebis gariTmvas.

am aqtivobebis mizania moswavlis smeniTi aparatis da fonologiuri procesoris ga-varjiSeba iseT sawyis fonologiur unar-CvevebSi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, sametyvelo teqstebSi, leqsebsa da simRerebSi riTmuli frazebisa da sityvebis gamocalkeveba.

aqtivobebi simRerebis, leqsebis, gaTvlebis, galeqsili gamocanebisa da misariTmebis gamo-yenebiT

• moimarageT martivi, saxaliso leqsebi da simRerebi, romlebic Seicavs advilad amosacnob, mkafio riTmebs. magaliTad, simRera `kriWi-kriWi~ (ix. bmuli: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fO-AfuhEM3Q).

• aswavleT bavSvebs zepirad saxaliso leqsebisa da simRerebis teqstebi.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fO-AfuhEM3Q

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fO-AfuhEM3Q

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• SeasruleT sxvadasxva saxaliso aqtivoba/TamaSi maTi gamoyenebiT:

{ waukiTxeT sabavSvo leqsebi, romlebSic aris mkafiod gamoxatuli riT-ma, ramdenjerme wakiTxvis Semdeg SeCerdiT sariTmo sityvebTan da mieciT moswavleebs SesaZlebloba, Tavad daabolovon fraza;

{ waukiTxeT simReris teqsti xmamaRla, mkafiod, odnav xmas auwieT da gamok-veTeT sariTmo sityvebi, Semdeg moasmenineT simRera imave teqstze.

nimuSebi:

www.children.gol.ge (`me patara qarTveli var~, rubrika `saxaliso~);

http://www.aura.ge/27-saxaliso-matematika/4399-sabavshvo-gamocanebi.html (Aura.ge, rubrika `ba-vSvTa samyaro~);

http://kids.ge/riddles (kids.ge _ yvelaferi patarebisTvis da patarebis Sesaxeb, rubrika `le-qsebi, gamocanebi, andazebi~);

http://ven.ucoz.com/load/musik-39-anot-39-ebi/sabavshvo_simgherebi/kartuli_sabavshvo_simghere-bis_t_39_ekst_39_ebi_da_video_k_39_araok_39_e_nats_39_ili_1/8-1-0-67 (Ven _ musika/notebi/vi-deo/karaoke).

yuTSi iyo ...

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

TamaSi gamoiyeneba mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebs garkveuli warmodgena SeeqmnebaT riTmi-sa da gariTmvis Sesaxeb. amisaTvis ki saWiroa, rom maswavlebels ukve wakiTxuli hqondes maTTvis leqsebi da sabavSvo simRerebis teqstebi.

resursi: mcire zomis suraTiani baraTebi.

aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli uCvenebs bavSvebs suraTebian baraTebs.

• sTxovs moswavleebs, ipovon wyvilebi, romlebic erTmaneTs eriTmeba. mag.: xeli – beli, guli – culi, nali – bali.

• maswavlebeli Caawyobs suraTebis erT dastas erT yuTSi. yvela danarCen suraTs, romlebic pirvel yuTSi moTavsebul sityvebs gaeriTma, Caawyobs meore yuTSi.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs TiTo bavSvs, amoiRos erTi suraTi pirveli yuTidan, meore ki – meoredan da ekiTxeba, eriTmeba Tu ara es ori sityva erTmaneTs.

• Tu ar eriTmeba, moswavle agrZelebs TiTo suraTis amoRebas meore yuTidan manam, sanam Sesaferis suraTs ar amoiRebs.

• Semdeg maswavlebeli Caabrunebs baraTebs yuTebSi da TamaSs sxva moswavle agr-Zelebs.

variacia

• maswavlebeli amoiRebs yuTidan erT baraTs. Tu baraTze balia daxatuli, ambobs: `yuTSi ido bali~. sityva bals~ gamoTqvams gamokveTilad da SedarebiT xmamaRla.

http://www.children.gol.ge

http://www.aura.ge/27-saxaliso-matematika/4399-sabavshvo-gamocanebi.html

http://kids.ge/riddles

http://ven.ucoz.com/load/musik-39-anot-39-ebi/sabavshvo_simgherebi/kartuli_sabavshvo_simgherebis_t_39_ekst_39_ebi_da_video_k_39_araok_39_e_nats_39_ili_1/8-1-0-67

http://ven.ucoz.com/load/musik-39-anot-39-ebi/sabavshvo_simgherebi/kartuli_sabavshvo_simgherebis_t_39_ekst_39_ebi_da_video_k_39_araok_39_e_nats_39_ili_1/8-1-0-67

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• Semdeg sTxovs bavSvs, moifiqros da warmoTqvas sityva, romelic baraTze gamo-saxul sityvas eriTmeba. bavSvma SeiZleba Tqvas: `qali~ (an romelime sxva sityva, mag., `xali~).

• roca sityvas daasaxelebs, maswavlebeli mas yuTs gadascems da sTxovs, amoiRos erTi baraTi (mag., `kudi~). TamaSis gasagrZeleblad bavSvma unda Tqvas: `yuTSi iyo kudi.~

SeniSvna: am aqtivobis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia weris swavlebisTvisac. maswavlebeli da-faze dawers gariTmul sityvebs da sTxovs moswavleebs, gadaweron; Semdeg ki sTxovs bavSvebs, damoukideblad daweron sariTmo sityvebi.

romelia zedmeti?

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebma unda amoicnon, suraTian baraTebze gamosaxuli sagnebidan romeli eriT-meba erTmaneTs da romeli _ ara.

resursi: mcire zomis suraTiani baraTebi.

aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli uCvenebs bavSvebs sam suraTian baraTs, romlebze gamosaxuli sag-nebidanac ori erTmaneTs eriTmeba, erTi ki – ara (mag., `Tavi~, `navi~, `xeli~). Tu aqtivoba mcire jgufSi tardeba, SesaZlebelia patara baraTebis gamoyeneba, Tu mTel klasTan – sasurvelia didi baraTebis dafaze an kedelze gakvra.

• maswavlebeli eubneba bavSvebs: aq mocemulia sami sagani. ori maTganis dasaxeleba eriTmeba erTmaneTs, erTi ar eriTmeba. romeli sityva ar eriTmeba sxva sityvebs?~

SeniSvna: am aqtivobis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia saanbano periodSic. suraTebiani baraTe-bis nacvlad SesaZlebelia sityvis baraTebis gamoyeneba.

wavikiTxoT riTmebi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

maswavlebeli moswavleebs ukiTxavs sabavSvo leqss, yuradRebas amaxvilebinebs sariTmo sityvebsa da maT Soris arsebul msgavseba-gansxvavebebze.

resursi: sabavSvo saxaliso leqsebi.

aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs sabavSvo leqss, romelic kargad aris gariTmuli.

• gamoyofs gariTmul sityvebs (mag., `Zvali~ da `msxali~).

• esaubreba bavSvebs imaze, Tu rogor eriTmeba es sityvebi erTmaneTs, ra msgavsebaa maT Soris; aRniSnavs, rom am sityvebis daboloeba erTnairad JRers. marTalia, sxvadasxvanairad iwyeba, magram erTnairad mTavrdeba.

• maswavlebeli warmoTqvams leqsebs imgvarad, rom gasariTm sityvebs gamotovebs. sTxovs bavSvebs, Casvan (warmoTqvan) gamotovebuli sityvebi.

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`budan-gudan~

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

bavSvebi gaivarjiSeben gariTmvaSi leqsis/simReris martivi qargis gamoyenebiT.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli umReris bavSvebs simReras qvemoT mocemuli qargis mixedviT. stri-qonebis gasariTmad iyenebs bavSvebis saxelebs. pirveli striqonis bolo sityva aris bavSvis saxeli, romelSic Secvlilia pirveli aso-bgera.

mag.: budan-gudan wiorgi, daTvs gaeqca giorgi.

budan-gudan wika,daTvTan midis nika.

budan-gudan waSo, daTvs umReris maSo.

budan-gudan wino,

daTvs uRimis nino.1

SeniSvna: roca bavSvebi qargas gaiTaviseben, SeuZliaT, msgavsi riTmebi Tavadac SeTxzan sxva sityvebisa da saxelebis gamoyenebiT.

ciyvi xeze

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

TamaSisTvis saWiroa imdeni suraTiani baraTi, ramdeni monawilecaa. erT baraTze melaa gamosaxuli. danarCeni baraTebi riTmulad unda wyvildebodes. TamaSi SeiZleba Sesrul-des SenobaSi (saklaso oTaxSi an darbazSi) an gareT.

resursi: suraTiani baraTebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar moamzadebs suraTiani baraTebis or dastas. pirvel das-taSi Casmuli TiToeuli sityva unda eriTmebodes meore dastis mxolod erT sityvas (xeli-beli, Tavi-navi, guli-culi...).

• maswavlebeli eubneba bavSvebs, rom isini iTamaSeben `ciyvobanas~.

• erT-erT moswavles mieniWeba meliis roli. meliis mizania, rom daiWiros ciyvebi, romlebic TavianT xeebze ar arian.

1 SesaZlebelia qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebelma yvela strofSi gamoiyenos mxolod forma `daTvTan midis...~

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• maswavlebeli danarCen bavSvebs dayofs or jgufad. erTi jgufis bavSvebi xeebi iqnebian, meore jgufis bavSvebi – ciyvebi.

• maswavlebeli daurigebs `ciyvebs~ TiTo suraTian baraTs pirveli dastidan, xolo `xeebs~ – meore dastidan.

• `xeebi~ oTaxis/moednis sxvadasxva adgilas dadgebian. isini ar moZraoben da Ta-vianT baraTebs imgvarad daiWeren, rom yvela xedavdes.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia, rom `xeebma~ TavianTi sityvebi xmamaRla warmoTqvan, raTa ciy-vebma gaigonon.

• `ciyvebma~ unda ipovon mewyvileebi, anu yvela ciyvi eZebs im xes, romlis sityvac misas eriTmeba.

• TamaSis dasawyebad maswavlebeli ambobs: `ai, mela modis. adiT Tqvens xeebze!~ ciyvebi eZeben TavianT xeebs. mela cdilobs, daiWiros ciyvi, romelic `xeze ar aris~ an ciyvi, romelic `SecdomiT aris xeze~. visac daiWers, momdevno TamaSSi melac is iqneba. `xeebi~ rolebs gaucvlian `ciyvebs~ da TamaSi Tavidan iwyeba.

variaciebi: SesaZlebelia bavSvebi dawyvildnen xva romelime principis mixedviT: a) sity-vebSi marcvlebis raodenoba (xe-bu, ku-ca, xeli-kari, magida-karada...), b) pirveli bgeris mixedviT (magida-maimuni, nemsi-niangi...) da sxv.

marcvlebi da damarcvla

sityvaSi marcvlebis amocnobaze muSaoba metad mniSvnelovania. moswavleebi igeben, rom sityvebi SeiZleba Semadgenel nawilebad daiSalos. Cveni saboloo mizania, rom calkeul bgerebad daSlamde mivideT, magram amisTvis bavSvebi jer sityvis daSlaSi unda vavar-jiSoT. rogorc wesi, bavSvebisTvis ufro advilia, danawevreba sityvis ufro mozrdili nawilebiT daiwyon da Semdeg gadavidnen mis umcires erTeulebze anu calkeul bgerebze.

taSi saxelebze

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi taSs daukraven Tavisi saxelis TiToeul marcvalze. aseve, daTvlian da daasaxeleben marcvlebis raodenobas.


msvleloba

• Tavdapirvelad maswavlebeli moswavleebs aCvenebs aqtivobis models _ ramdenime saxels ambobs damarcvliT da TiToeul marcvalze ukravs taSs.

• Semdeg ki sTxovs bavSvebs, rom masTan erTad Seasrulon igive aqtivoba. maswavle-beli svams SekiTxvas: `ramdeni marcvali gaigoneT?~

• momdevno etapze maswavlebeli sTxovs yvela bavSvs saTiTaod, rom damarcvliTa da taSiT warmoTqvan sakuTari saxeli, Semdeg ki Tqvan, ramdeni marcvlisgan Se-dgeba maTi saxeli.

• Semdeg igive aqtivoba sruldeba gvarebiT.

• mogvianebiT ki bavSvebi gadadian sxva sityvebis taSiT damarcvlazec.

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variaciebi

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom taSis ayolebiT damarcvlon TavianTi saxeli da gvari.

• sruldeba igive aqtivoba, oRond taSis nacvlad moswavleebi TiTebze iTvlian marcvlebs.

• maswavlebeli daukravs erT, or an ramdenime taSs (uxmod, mxolod taSiT `ambobs~ bavSvebis saxelebs). bavSvebma unda gamoicnon, visi saxeli SeiZleba iyos es (am aqtivobis gamoyeneba aseve kargia dawerili sityvebis gamosacnobad amokiTxvis gareSe).

cuncula ciyvi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

es metad saxaliso TamaSia. pirvel etapze bavSvebi taSis ayolebiT damarcvliT warmo-Tqvamen sakuTar saxelebs. roca am TamaSs alRos auReben, maswavlebels SeuZlia sxva iseTi sityvebic CarTos TamaSSi, romlebsac meti marcvlebi aqvs.

resursi: saTamaSo ciyvi an ciyvis suraTi (an bavSvebisTvis saxaliso nebismieri sxva arseba. Sesabamisad, TamaSsac Seecvleba saxeli. magaliTad, kreWia kurdReli, Tavxedi melia, Rrenia mgeli... aseTi Canacvleba leqsikur marags gaamdidrebs.).

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dasxams bavSvebs wred da Tavadac SeuerTdeba moswavleebs.

• daikavebs xelSi saTamaSo ciyvs an ciyvis suraTs.

• midis erT-erT bavSvTan da gzad warmoTqvams (an waimRerebs) frazas: `var cuncu-

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la ciyvi, saxels xom ar ityvi?~ an `var patara beli, Tqvi saxeli, geli~.

• bavSvi: `Ta-mu-na.~

• maswavlebeli: `modi, yvelam erTad vTqvaT~.

• klasi xmamaRla erTad warmoTqvams saxels `Ta-mu-na~. Tan yovel marcvalze taSs ukraven.

• maswavlebeli: `modi, axla yvelam erTad vTqvaT, oRond CurCuliT~.

• klasi gundurad, CurCuliT ambobs saxels, Tan xmadabal taSs ukraven TiToeul marcvalze.

• maswavlebeli da klasi: `cuncul, buncul, vi, madloba, rom Tqvi.~

• maswavlebeli axla sxva moswavlesTan gadadis da gaimeorebs imaves mis saxelze.

• TamaSis aTvisebasTan erTad SesaZlebelia, rom moswavleebs `maswavleblis~ ro-lis Sesrulebis SesaZlebloba mieceT.

ìa-iao~

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

es aris aqtivoba, romelic marcvlebis mosmenis, marcvlebad daSlisa da marcvlebis gadabmis unarebs uviTarebs bavSvebs. aqtivoba agebulia simReris qargaze: ìa-iao~. aq-tivobis Catarebamde saWiroa, rom bavSvebma moisminon da iswavlon es simRera (ix. veb-gverdi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXeuGFDff9E ).

resursi: leptopi/magnitofoni, interneti/simReris Canaweri.

msvleloba

varianti 1. warmoTqmuli sityvebis marcvlebad daSla

• maswavlebeli eubneba bavSvebs, rom axal TamaSs iswavlian.

• jer Tavad iwyebs simReras ìa-iao~. cxovelebis dasaxelebisas damarcvlavs maT saxelebs (SesaZlebelia TiToeul marcvalze taSis dakvrac):

èrTad vcxovrobT Zvel fermaSi, ia, iao.

Rori, cxvari da kameCi, ia, iao;

knavis kata, kata... ka _ ta,

Wyivis goWi, goWi... go _ Wi;

zmuis Zroxa, Zroxa... Zro _ xa.

aba Cqara, aba taSi, ia, iao.

viTamaSoT erT did saxlSi ia, iao.

bRavis cxvari, cxvari... cxva _ ri,

wivis bati, bati... ba _ ti,

ymuis ZaRli, ZaRli... ZaR _ li,

knavis kata, kata... ka _ ta.

rao? katao? ara niangio!

ui, niangio...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXeuGFDff9E

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• simReris dros uCvenebs bavSvebs simReraSi Semotanili cxovelebis suraTebs (romlebic winaswar SeiZleba gaakras dafaze). simReris dasrulebis Semdeg isau-breT am cxovelebis Sesaxeb.

varianti 2. marcvlebis gadabma

• maswavlebeli simReraSi Secvlis erT an ramdenime cxovels da warmoTqvams maT saxelebs damarcvliT.

nimuSi:

erTad vcxovrobT Zvel fermaSi, ia, iao.

Rori, cxvari da kameCi, ia, iao;

knavis lomi (maswavlebeli), lomi (bavSvebi), lo-mi (bavSvebi),

Wyivis mgeli (maswavlebeli), mgeli (bavSvebi), mge-li (bavSvebi);

zmuis daTvi (maswavlebeli), daTvi (bavSvebi), daT-vi (bavSvebi)...

• simReris dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli uCvenebs bavSvebs teqstSi Camatebuli cxovelebis suraTebs da klasTan erTad saubrobs am cxovelebis Sesaxeb.

marcvlebad daWrili baraTebi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi cdiloben gamoicnon sityvis Semadgeneli marcvlebi zolebad danawevrebu-li suraTis mixedviT, romlis TiToeuli zoli TiTo marcvals Seesabameba. savarjiSo exmareba bavSvebs, sworad daSalon sityvebi marcvlebad.

resursi: vertikaluri xazebiT dayofili suraTiani baraTebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli uCvenebs bavSvs suraTs raime gamosaxulebiT (mag., soko)

• xmamaRla daumarcvlavs am sityvas (`so-ko~).

• masTan erTad damarcvlavs sxva sityvas (mag., `xeli~).

• miscems moswavles suraTian baraTs, romelzec gamosaxuleba imden nawilad aris dayofili vertikaluri xazebiT, ramdeni marcvlisganac Sedgeba es sityva (amgva-ri baraTis TiToeuli zoli sityvis TiTo marcvals Seesabameba).

• ganumartavs, rom naxati imden nawilad aris dayofili, ramdeni marcvalicaa si-tyvaSi da rom es daexmareba sworad damarcvlaSi. Tavadac ukeTebs modelirebas erT nimuSze (SeiZleba `marcvlebze~ TiTis dadebac).

• bavSvebi amoicnoben maswavleblis mier miniSnebul calkeul marcvlebs an marc-val-marcval warmoTqvamen suraTze gamosaxul sityvebs.

• Semdeg gadadian sxva suraTze.

SeniSvna: saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia savarjiSos erTad Sesruleba.

• maswavlebeli aZlevs moswavleebs daWril suraTebs da sTxovs, TviTon damarcvlon.

• maswavlebeli TandaTanobiT gaarTulebs sityvebs (gazrdis marcvlebisa da bge-rebis raodenobas).

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variacia

maswavlebeli suraTze Camosmul vertikalur xazebze naxevrad CaWris baraTs, ake-cavs baraTis ama Tu im zols da hkiTxavs bavSvebs, Tu romeli marcvalia akecili~.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia amave aqtivobis Catareba bgerebad daSlil sityvebze savarjiSo-dac (ix. qvemoT aqtivoba #20).

`suleluri~ winadadebebi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

mosalodnelsa da realurad gagonils Soris gansxvavebis amocnobis meSveobiT moswa-vleebs uviTardebaT yuradRebiT mosmenisa da dakvirvebis unari. TamaSis dros moswa-vleebi cdiloben amoicnon, ra Secdomas Seicavs maswavleblis mier naTqvami fraza/winadadeba. TamaSi Zalian saxalisoa da efeqturad gamoiyeneba rogorc sityvebisa da winadadebebis sworad gagebis gasavarjiSeblad, agreTve, fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis gasaviTarebladac.

resursi: nacnobi moTxrobidan an leqsidan aRebuli winadadebebis/frazebis saxecvli-li varianti.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs bavSvebs, daxuWon Tvalebi da yuradRebiT mousminon mas.

• xmamaRla ukiTxavs nacnob moTxrobas an leqss, oRond alag-alag zogierT sity-vas ise Secvlis, rom uazro an Sinaarsobrivad araswori fraza gamovides. moswa-vleebma unda SeniSnon aseTi cvlilebebi da gamoexmauron.

• roca SeniSnaven da gamoexmaurebian, maswavlebeli sTxovs ganmarton, Tu ra iyo araswori.

• qvemoT mocemuli magaliTebis msgavsad, maswavlebels SeuZlia teqstSi sxvadasx-va tipisa da sirTulis cvlilebebi Seitanos, mag., Secvalos calkeuli bgerebi, sityvebi, gramatikuli formebi, mniSvnelobebi da sxv. Tavdapirvelad mniSvnelo-vania, rom cvlilebebi SedarebiT TvalsaCino da advilad amocnobadi iyos.

magaliTebi:

1. yviTelqudam bebias nazuqebi miutana.

2. SuSisferma mgelma stafilo Seaxramuna.

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3. spilos aqvs uzarmazari frTebi.

4. kviras skolaSi eqvsi gakveTili gvqonda.

5. wiTelqudam urduli gadaswia da saxlSi Sevida. am dros tyeSi mgeli Sexvda.

6. wiTelquda skamSi Sevida da oTaxze daskupda.

7. daRamda. mzeze cam gamoanaTa.

8. aguris mgelma daangria nafnafis ver saxli.

9. bebo WurWels karateSi inaxavs.

10. giorgi Ronieri kiWia.

11. mindorSi uamravi yvavi iyo gaSlili.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia maswavlebelma moifiqros: a) SedarebiT martivi magaliTebi: `klasSi dgas ori magida~, `kedelze aris merxi~; b) magaliTebi moswavleebis mier wina gakveTilebze aTvisebuli masalis mixedviT: `malvina aris biWi~; `Zroxas aqvs ori Tavi.~

pirveli bgeris amocnoba

pirveli bgeris amocnobis swavlebas ramdenime daniSnuleba aqvs. gabmuli metyvelebis mosmenis dros pirveli bgera sityvebis erTmaneTisgan gamijvnaSi gvexmareba. rac Seexeba kiTxvis process, pirveli aso-bgeris identificireba sityvis wakiTxvaSic (amocnobaSic) gviwyobs xels da mniSvnelobis gagebaSic.

nivTebis povna

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi euflebian pirveli bgeris amocnobis unars.

resursi: winaswar damzadebuli suraTiani baraTebi

aqtivobis msvleloba

• maswavlebeli daawyobs ramdenime suraTian baraTs magidaze.

• sTxovs moswavleebs, rom ipovon iseTi baraTebi, romelTa Sesabamisi sityvebic konkretul bgeraze iwyeba.

• yovel jerze, roca moswavle ipovis baraTs, man unda warmoTqvas mTeli sityva da misi pirveli bgera.

variaciebi

• maswavlebeli Tanabari raodenobiT SearCevs baraTebs or bgeraze dawyebuli si-tyvebiT (mag., `g~ da `d~). dadebs erTi bgeris Sesabamis baraTs magidis erT mxares, meore bgerisas ki – meore mxares (SesaZlebelia am aqtivobis dafaze Catarebac didi baraTebiT). moswavleebi danarCeni, SerCeuli baraTebis dastidan aiReben ba-raTs, warmoTqvamen mTlian sityvas, Semdeg warmoTqvamen am sityvis pirvel bgeras da dadeben baraTs magidaze Sesabamis baraTTan (an baraTze). maswavlebels SeuZlia TandaTanobiT gazardos SerCeuli pirveli bgerebisa da baraTebis raodenoba.

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sityvebis wyvilebi (bgeris amogdeba)

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

es aqtivoba exmareba bavSvs imis gacnobierebaSi, rom sityvis bgeriTi Sedgenilobis mcire cvlilebac ki SeiZleba misi mniSvnelobis cvlilebas iwvevdes. bavSvebi darwmun-debian, rom pirveli bgeris sityvidan amoRebiT SeiZleba sruliad gansxvavebuli sityva miviRoT.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli ganumartavs bavSvebs, rom zogjer, roca sityvidan bgeras amovi-RebT, sul sxva sityvas viRebT.

• Semdeg moiyvans magaliTs: `sia~. warmoTqvams am sityvas ise, rom pirveli Tanxmo-vani gawelos _ `ssss-ia~ da sTxovs bavSvebs, masTan erTad gaimeoron.

• Semdeg ambobs sxva sityvas: `ia~ da kvlav sTxovs bavSvebs, gaimeoron.

• ekiTxeba, Tu romeli bgera amoiRo pirveli sityvidan.

• mkafiod gaimeorebs ramdenimejer: `ssss-ia _ ia~, `ssss-ia _ ia~.

SeniSvna: maswavlebelma amgvar sityvebze xSirad unda avarjiSos bavSvebi. sasurvelia jer daiwyos martivi bgerebiT, nel-nela ki gadavides SedarebiT rTul Tanxmovnebze (Savi-avi, Sveli-veli, sveli-veli, comi-omi, lomi-omi, cxeli-xeli, Cumi-umi, Cadis-adis, Sori-ori, xali-ali).

moswavleebs uadvildebaT sityvebSi `Camaluli~ sityvebis povna, magram zogierT bavSvs SeiZleba gauWirdes amoRebuli bgeris amocnoba. gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom xSirad bavS-vebi pirveli bgeris CamoSorebis nacvlad gariTmul sityvebs gamoTqvamen xolme (mag., Savi-Tavi). amitom mniSvnelovania, rom moswavleebs es aqtivoba gariTmvis savarjiSoebSi ar aerioT.

variaciebi

• imis xazgasasmelad, rom Tavdapirveli da miRebuli sityvebis mniSvnelobebi namd-vilad gansxvavdeba, SesaZlebelia maswavlebelma daavalos bavSvebs am sityvebze winadadebebis Sedgena.

• maswavlebeli moswavlis saxels win daamatebs erT bgeras/marcvals. bavSvebma unda gamoicnon, romeli moswavlis saxeli warmoTqva maswavlebelma. mag., jarCi-li _ arCili, bagiorgi _ giorgi...

• maswavlebeli xmamaRla warmoTqvams bavSvebis saxelebs pirveli bgeris gareSe bavSvebma unda gamoicnon, visi saxeli warmoiTqva da romeli bgera iyo gamoto-vebuli. mag., oCa _ goCa.

bgerebis gadabma

bgerebis gadabmis unari erT-erTi aucilebeli sayrdenia kiTxvisa da weris swavlisas. am unaris gamoyenebiT bavSvi cnobs sityvas misi Semadgeneli calkeuli bgerebis warmoTq-mis Semdeg. bgerebis gadabmis savarjiSoebi Seamzadebs bavSvs wakiTxuli sityvebis deko-direbisa da gawafuli kiTxvisaTvis, amitom rogorc winasaanbano, aseve saanbano periodSi maswavlebelma saTanado dro da yuradReba unda dauTmos mis gansaviTarebel aqtivobebs.

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kvirias ucnauri laparaki

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi gaivarjiSeben calkeuli bgerebis gadabmisa da maTgan sityvis agebis unars.


msvleloba

• bavSvebi maswavlebelTan erTad sxdebian wred. maswavlebeli yveba ambavs:

erTxelqveyanazeerTiRvTaebacxovrobda.maskviriaerqva.masadamianebisTvissityve-bisCuqebauyvarda.kviriaZalianucnauradlaparakobda.iscalkeulbgerebswarmoTq-vamda.magaliTad,Tuundoda,rombavSvisTvissityva`burTi~eCuqebina,aseeubneboda:`b_u_r_T_i~.sanambavSvivermixvdeboda,rasityvauTxra,sityvasaraZlevda.Tuba-vSvimiuxvdeboda,kviriabednieriiyo.axlamegaviTamaSeb,viTomkviriavar.meerT-erTTqvengansvetyvisityvasbgera-bgera,TqvenkiundagamoicnoT,rasityvasgaCuqebT.

• maswavlebeli SearCevs erT-erT bavSvs da eubneba `saCuqar~ sityvas bgera-bgera. roca bavSvi gamoicnobs, Seaqebs da sxva bavSvTan gadainacvlebs.

sasurvelia aqtivobis dawyeba mokle, sam- an oTxbgeriani sityvebiT. TiTo jerze (dReSi) SesaZlebelia CaerTos oTxi-xuTi bavSvi, rom aqtivoba droSi ar gaiwelos (mag., `bali~, `yveli~, `qada~, `burTi~...).

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia personaJebis cvla. magaliTebi: oCopintre (romelic mxolod marcvlebad danawevrebul sityvebs warmoTqvams, mag., So-ko-la-di), jujika (romelic areulad warmoTqvams marcvlebs, mag., ko-la-di-So) da sxv.

variacia

1. maswavlebeli yvela bavSvs urigebs erT, or an sam cal `saidumlo~ suraTian baraTs, romlebsac moswavleebi mxolod TviTon naxuloben. TiToeulma bavSvma bgera-bgera unda daSalos baraTze gamosaxuli sityva da uTxras klass. danarCenma moswavleebma unda gamoicnon, ra sityva `aCuqa~ kviriam moswavles.

SeniSvna: am SemTxvevaSi moswavleebi piriqiT asruleben moqmedebas: maT mouwevT naxatze gamosaxuli sagnis saxelis, anu mTliani sityvis bgerebad daSla.

2. wera-kiTxvis fazaze gadasvlisas SeiZleba am aqtivobis kidev ramdenime variaciis Seta-na saklaso oTaxSi: a) ukuRma amotrialebuli baraTi, romelzec dawerilia sityva. bavSvma unda amoikiTxos, ra sityva weria baraTze; b) baraTi, romelzec sityva Sebrunebuladaa dawerili (mag., i l S a v). moswavlem unda gamoicnos, ra sityva weria baraTze.

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavleblebisTvis

L1 L2

araqarTulenovani moswavleebisTvis saWiroa teqstis gamartiveba: `kviria bavSvebsaZlevssaCuqrebs.saCuqarsaseambobs:b-u-r-T-i,T-o-j-i-n-a.vincsworadityvis,ismii-RebssaCuqars.~ Tu zogierTi moswavle ver gaigebs, ra unda gaakeTos, mieciT dro, rom sxvebs daakvirdes da mogvianebiT CaerTos TamaSSi.

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bgerebad daWrili naxatebi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi cdiloben gamoicnon sityvis Semadgeneli bge-rebi zolebad danawevrebuli suraTis mixedviT, romlis Ti-Toeuli zoli TiTo bgeras Seesabameba (ix. suraTi). savar-jiSo exmareba bavSvebs sityvebis bgerebad sworad daSlaSi.

resursi: vertikaluri xazebiT dayofili suraTiani bara-Tebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli uCvenebs bavSvs suraTs raime gamosaxulebiT (mag. soko)

• xmamaRla dauSlis bgerebad am sityvas (s-o-k-o).

• masTan erTad daSlis bgerebad sxva sityvas (mag. `xeli~).

• miscems moswavles suraTian baraTs, romelzec gamosaxuleba imden nawilad aris dayofili vertikaluri xazebiT, ramdeni bgerisganac Sedgeba igi (amgvari bara-Tis TiToeuli zoli sityvis TiTo bgeras Seesabameba).

• ganumartavs, rom naxati imden nawilad aris dayofili, ramdeni bgeracaa sityvaSi da rom es daexmareba bgerebad sworad daSlaSi. Tavadac ukeTebs modelirebas erT nimuSze (SeiZleba `bgerebze~ TiTis dadebac).

• bavSvebi amoicnoben maswavleblis mier miniSnebul calkeul bgerebs an bgera-bge-ra warmoTqvamen suraTze gamosaxul sityvebs.

• Semdeg gadadian sxva suraTze.

• SeniSvna: saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia savarjiSos erTad Sesruleba.

• maswavlebeli aZlevs moswavleebs daWril suraTebs da sTxovs, TviTon daSalon bgerebad.

• maswavlebeli TandaTanobiT gaarTulebs sityvebs (gazrdis marcvlebisa da bge-rebis raodenobas).

variacia

maswavlebeli suraTze Camosmul vertikalur xazebze naxevrad CaWris baraTs, ake-cavs baraTis ama Tu im zols da hkiTxavs bavSvebs, Tu romeli bgeraa `akecili~.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia amave aqtivobis Catareba marcvlebad daSlil sityvebze savarjiSo-dac (ix. zemoT aqtivoba #15).

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gadavabaT bgerebi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi suraTiani baraTebis meSveobiT ganiviTareben bgerebis gadabmis unars.


TiToeuli baraTi Seicavs sam- da oTxbgeriani sityvebis suraTebs. suraTis qveS daxa-tulia imdeni mcire zomis rkali (), ramdeni bgeracaa sityvaSi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli gaacnobs bavSvebs TiToeuli baraTis sityvas. `bavSvebo, Cven axla viTamaSebT bgerebis gadabmas. me giCvenebT baraTs.~ maswavlebeli mimdevrobiT uCvenebs baraTebs da asaxelebs Sesabamis sityvebs.

• maswavlebeli daikavebs baraTebis dastas ise, rom bavSvebi ver xedavdnen sura-Tebs.

• maswavlebeli xmamaRla, danawevrebulad, mkafiod warmoTqvams sityvis bgerebs pirveli baraTidan (`T _ a _ v _ i~).

• erT-erTi bavSvi gadaabams bgerebs da daasaxelebs sityvas, raTa amoicnos dafa-ruli suraTi.

• maswavlebeli Semoabrunebs baraTs da daanaxvebs bavSvebs.

variacia: maswavlebeli daikavebs or baraTs rkalebiT da uCvenebs bavSvs (xoWo da Wia-maia). Semdeg danawevrebiT, bgera-bgera warmoTqvams erT-erTi baraTis sityvas (maCvene `x _ o _ W _ o~). bavSvi miuTiTebs swor baraTs da gadabmiT, srulad warmoTqvams mTel sityvas.

SeniSvna: TamaSis gasarTuleblad maswavlebeli SedarebiT grZeli pauzebiT warmoTqvams bgerebs. mag., `g --- u --- l --- i~.

bgerebad daSlis aqtivobebi

sityvis bgerebad danawevrebis unaris daufleba wignierebis ganviTarebis mniSvnelovani safexuria. am fonologiur unar-Cvevas gansakuTrebuli wvlili Seaqvs weris swavlaSi. sityvis dasawerad bavSvma unda daSalos igi Semadgenel bgerebad da Semdeg SearCios TiToeuli bgeris Sesabamisi aso.

Tavi - mxrebi - muceli - muxlebi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

es saxaliso fizikuri aqtivoba aviTarebs sityvis bgerebad daSlis (fonologiur) unar-Cvevas. moswavleebi sityvis TiToeuli bgeris warmoTqmisas Tanmimdevrulad ide-ben xelebs Tavze, mxrebze, mucelsa da muxlebze.

resursi: or-, sam- an oTxbgeriani sityvebi.

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msvleloba

• maswavlebeli an moswavle xmamaRla warmoTqvams or-, sam- an oTxbgerian sityvas.

• moswavleebi bgera-bgera warmoTqvamen sityvas da Tan TiToeuli bgeris warmoTq-misas Tanmimdevrulad ideben xelebs Tavze, mxrebze, mucelsa da muxlebze.

mag., sambgeriani sityva: Cai

C _ moswavleebi xelebs ideben Tavze;

a _ moswavleebi xelebs ideben mxrebze;

i _ moswavleebi xelebs ideben mucelze.

variacia

am aqtivobis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia sityvebis dasamarcvladac.

Cavifiqre sityva

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

aqtivoba xorcieldeba martivi qargis gamoyenebiT. moswavleebma unda gaamTlianon maswavleblis mier nakarnaxevi, bgerebad daSlili sityva da gamoicnon, ra sityva Caifi-qra maswavlebelma.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli an romelime moswavle wamRerebiT eubneba bavSvebs:

me Cavifiqre sityva,

aba, damigdeT yuri,

sul aris xuTi bgera,

sulac ar aris rTuli:

s _ a _ x _ l _ i

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bavSvebma unda gaamTlianon maswavleblis/Tanaklaselis mier nakarnaxevi bgerebi, ga-moicnon, ra sityvaa Cafiqrebuli da upasuxon:

Tqven CaifiqreT sityva,

Cven ki dagigdeT yuri,

sul aris xuTi bgera,

sulac ar aris rTuli,

saxli

SeniSvna:

maswavlebelma xSirad unda cvalos sityvebi da TandaTanobiT gaarTulos isini. aqtivo-bis dawyeba sasurvelia xSiri sam- da oTxbgeriani sityvebiT.

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavleblebisTvis

L1 L2

teqstis gamartivebuli versia:

me movifiqre sityva (maswavlebeli TiTs daidebs safeTqelze.)

sul aris xuTi bgera. (gaSlili xeliT aCvenebs raodenobas.)

rom gamoicno ginda?

es sityva aris _ - _ - _ -.

àkrZaluli~ bgerebi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

es TamaSi bavSvebs uviTarebs sityvaSi bgerebis gamokveTis unars.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dausaxelebs moswavleebs àkrZalul~ bgeras da eubneba, rom am bgeris gamoTqma ar SeiZleba, àkrZalulia~. Tu es bgera sityvaSi Segvxvda, is ar unda gamovTqvaT. mag., àkrZaluli~ bgeraa `z~.

• maswavlebeli uCvenebs moswavleebs TiTo suraTian baraTs (cxovelebi, nivTebi...) da ekiTxeba, ra aris masze gamosaxuli. SeiZleba miniSnebebis micemac (mag., ès cxoveli Zalian hgavs cxens~; ès aris didi mtacebeli Tevzi~...)

• moswavle cdilobs, warmoTqvas sityva àkrZaluli~ bgeris gareSe (èbra~, `vigeni~...).

SeniSvna: sasurvelia, pirvel etapze akrZaluli bgera sityvaSi pirveli iyos, Semdeg ki – sityvis sxva adgilebSic.

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bgerebi wreSi

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

moswavleebi maswavleblis mier nakarnaxev winadadebas Slian sityvebad, sityvebs ki – bgerebad.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs dasxams wred.

• Semdeg karnaxobs winadadebas. sasurvelia, winadadebisa da sityvebis sigrZe ar iyos Zalian mokle an Zalian grZeli. SeiZleba, winadadeba iyos sasacilo, sule-luri (mag., koRom spilo Caylapa.).

• bavSvebi pirvel etapze winadadebas daSlian sityvebad.

• amis mere moswavleebma mTeli winadadeba bgera-bgera unda warmoTqvan. is moswavlee-bi, romelTac SexvdebaT sityvebis pirveli da bolo bgerebi, unda adgnen fexze.

fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis Semowmeba

fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba moicavs skrinings, diagnosti-kur Sefasebas da progresis monitorings. skriningisa da diagnostikuri SefasebisTvis efeqturad gamoiyeneba sityvis bgerebad danawevrebis testi. saswavlo wlis manZilze progresis monitoringisTvis kargia zemoT aRwerili ZiriTadi fonologiuri savar-jiSoebisa da fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis Sefasebis sqemis/rubrikis gamoyeneba.

sityvis fonemebad/bgerebad danawevrebis testi

testis daniSnuleba: zepirad warmoTqmuli sityvis bgerebad danawevrebisa da gamoTqmis unaris Semowmeba. es aris fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis flobis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani indikatori (maCvenebeli).

testis tipi: individualuri, zepiri. ar axlavs moswavlis furceli.

testis Catarebis vadebi: qarTuli ena: pirveli klasi. qarTuli, rogorc meore ena: pir-veli, meore da mesame klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba TiToeuli smestris dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba SeiZleba Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi. zogierTi moswavlisTvis SesaZlebelia testis Catareba meore klasis da-sawyisSic.

testis xangrZlivoba: 60 wami

testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) testis furceli SemfaseblisTvis/maswav-leblisTvis, b) saaTi an wamzomi.

testis Catarebis procedura: Semfasebeli (maswavlebeli) mimdevrobiT kiTxulobs mTlian sityvebs xmamaRla svetidan `maswavlebeli ambobs~. amave svetSi is vertikalur xazebs Camousvams sityvaSi im aso-bgerebs Soris, romlebsac moswavle danawevrebisas

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gamijnavs (mag. n|a|y|i|n|i). erTi wuTis gasvlis Semdeg Semfasebeli moswavlis mier war-moTqmuli bolo marcvlis Semdeg testis formaze dasvams marTkuTxa frCxils (]). Tu moswavle danawevrebis gareSe gamoTqvams mTlian sityvas, Semfasebeli Semoxazavs am sityvas. Tu moswavle ar gamoTqvams romelime bgeras, Semfasebeli Semoxazavs am bgeras. Tu moswavle gadaakeTebs erT an ramdenime bgeras an Secvlis sityvas, Semfasebeli Caw-ers gamoTqmul variants svetSi `SeniSvna~.

Semfaseblis miTiTebebi moswavles. `axla me da Sen unda viTamaSoT sityvebiT. jer kar-gad moismine sityva, romelsac me getyvi. Semdeg saTiTaod Tqvi yvela bgera, romelsac gaigoneb. magaliTad, Tu me vityvi: kari, Sen unda Tqva ase: k / a / r / i. modi, erTad vca-doT sxva sityva: skola. Semfasebelma da moswavlem erToblivad unda Tqvan: s / k / o / l / a. axla Sen scade kidev erTi sityva: Citi. moswavlem unda Tqvas: C / i / t / i. gasagebia, ra unda gaakeTo? aba daviwyoT!~ testirebis dasrulebis Semdeg Semfasebeli ambobs: `yoCaR, didi madloba~.

qulebis miniWeba

• Tu moswavle erTdroulad erTze met fonemas warmoTqvams, mianiWeT mxolod 1 qula. magaliTad: b|a|n|a|ni. aq moswavlem Secdoma dauSva. man ar daanawevra bolo ori fonema (n da i).

• moswavles ar akldeba qulebi damatebiTi fonemebis warmoTqmisaTvis.

• Tu moswavle arasworad warmoTqvams fonemas/fonemebs, moniSneT Secdoma Tqvens furcelze. magaliTi: fari. moswavlem Tqva /b/a/r/i/. am SemTxvevaSi moswavle miiRebs sam qulas. Semfasebeli SeniSvnebis grafaSi Cawers SecdomiT gamoTqmul sityvas.

testis dasrulebisTanave (sanam momdevno moswavlesTan daiwyebT testis Catarebas) daa-jameT qulebi da CawereT cxrilis qvemoT.

63

nimuSi: I klasi

sityvis bgerebad danawevrebis testi

maswavleblis furceli

moswavle: klasi:

maswavlebeli: TariRi:

# maswavlebeli ambobs SeniSvna

1 i q

2 d a

3 v a r

4 g u l i

5 u f r o

6 t b a

7 m i w a

8 w r e

9 y e f s

10 j a r i

11 o j a x i

12 g u S i n

13 o r m o

14 p o e t i

15 e t l i

16 j o g i

17 z e m o T

18 s p i l o

19 w i n d a

20 C a q u C i

jamuri qula: ________ 81-dan

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fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis Sefasebis rubrika

dabali saSualo maRali– ar SeuZlia sityvis marcvle-

bad dayofa da gaerTianeba;

– ver iTvlis sityvaSi marcvalTa raodenobas;

– maswavleblis CamoTvlil sityvebSi an suraTebze ver gamoarCevs im sityvebs, romlebic Seicavs winaswar miTiTebul bgeras/zepir marcvals;

– ar SeuZlia marcvlebis ra-odenobis Sesabamisi raode-nobis simboloTi warmodge-na;

– ar SeuZlia sityvaSi mi-TiTebuli marcvlis adg-ilmdebareobis amocnoba (dasawyisSi, SuaSi, boloSi) da ver miuTiTebs Sesabamis simbolos;

– mosmenil winadadebaSi ver gamoyofs sityvebs da ar SeuZlia maTi simboloTi aRniSvna;

– ar SeuZlia sityvebis bgere-bad daSla da gaerTianeba;

– erTmaneTisgan ver ganarCevs msgavsi JReradobis marcv-lebs/sityvebs; miTiTebul marcvalSi ver gansazRvravs bgeris adgilmdebareobas (marcvlis dasawyisSi, SuaSi, boloSi).

– advilad ver yofs da aer-Tianebs sityvebs marcvle-bad;

– advilad ver iTvlis sityva-Si marcvalTa raodenobas;

– martivad ver axerxebs maswa-vleblis mier CamoTvlili sityvebidan an suraTebze im sityvebis gamorCevas, romlebic Seicavs winaswar miTiTebul bgeras/zepir marcvals;

– gansazRvravs sityvaSi marcvlebis raodenobas, Tumca advilad ver war-moadgens am raodenobas Sesabamisi simboloebiT;

– zogjer ver axerxebs sity-vaSi miTiTebuli marcvlis adgilmdebareobis amocnobas (dasawyisSi, SuaSi, boloSi) da misi Sesabamisi simbolos miTiTebas/moniSvnas;

– mosmenil winadadebaSi gamoyofs sityvebs, Tumca advilad ver axerxebs maTi raodenobis simboloebiT aRniSvnas (mag., wiTelquda bebiasTan wavida – sami xazi: ________ ________ ________ );

– nawilobriv axerxebs sityve-bis bgerebad daSlasa da gaerTianebas;

– xarvezebiT ganarCevs msgavsi JReradobis marcvlebs/si-tyvebs erTmaneTisgan;

– advilad ver poulobs si-tyvis saTanado marcvalSi bgeris adgilmdebareobas (marcvlis dasawyisSi, SuaSi, boloSi).

– sityvas yofs marcvlebad, marcvlebs aerTianebs sity-vebad;

– amoicnobs da/an iTvlis sityvaSi marcvalTa raode-nobas;

– maswavleblis mier CamoT-vlil sityvebSi an suraTeb-ze amoicnobs im sityvebs, romlebic Seicavs winaswar miTiTebul bgeras/zepir marcvals;

– marcvlebis raodenobas warmoadgens Sesabamisi raodenobis simboloTi (mag., erTmarcvlian sityvas erTi rkaliT , ormarcvlians – ori rkaliT ½ da a. S.);

– amoicnobs sityvaSi miTi-Tebuli marcvlis adgil-mdebareobas da moniSnavs Sesabamis simbolos (mag., sam-marcvliani sityvis gamomxa-tveli sami rkalidan afera-debs miTiTebuli marcvlis Sesabamis rkals);

– mosmenil winadadebaSi ga-moyofs sityvebs da sim-boloebiT aRniSnavs maT raodenobas (mag., wiTelquda bebiasTan wavida – sami xazi: ________ ________ _______ );

– sityvebs Slis bgerebad, bge-rebs aerTianebs sityvebad;

– ganarCevs msgavsi JRerado-bis marcvlebs/sityvebs;

– sityvis saTanado marcvalSi poulobs bgeris adgilmdeba-reobas (marcvlis dasawyisSi, SuaSi, boloSi).


qarTulis, rogorc meore enis SemswavlelTa fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis Sesamowme-blad zemoT CamoTvlil indikatorebs daemateba Semdegi:

– ver aRiqvams da sworad ver warmoTqvams mSobliuri enis-Tvis ucxo bgerebs;

– erTmaneTSi urevs Tanxmovan-Ta sameulebis bgerebs (d-t-T, g-k-q da sxv.).

– advilad ver axerxebs mSo-bliuri enisTvis ucxo zo-gierTi bgeris aRqmasa da war-moTqmas;

– erTmaneTSi urevs Tanxmovan-Ta sameulebis zogierT bgeras (d-t-T, g-k-q da sxv.).

– sworad aRiqvams da warmoTq-vams mSobliuri enisTvis ucxo bgerebs;

– mkafiod mijnavs (mosmenisa da warmoTqmisas) TanxmovanTa sameulebis bgerebs (d-t-T, g-k-q da sxv.).

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• raarisdekodirebadararoliaqvsmasgawafulad

kiTxvaSi?

• rogorviTardebasityvebiswakiTxvisunari?

• rastrategiebsiyenebenbavSvebisityvebis

wakiTxvisas?

• raariscnobadisityvebidaratomundavaswavloT

bavSvebsmaTicnoba?

• rogorvaswavloTanbanidasityvebisdekodireba?

• rogorSevamowmoTanbaniscodnadasityvebis

dekodirebisunari?

Tavi III

anbanisa da sityvebis

wakiTxvis swavleba

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anban

isa

da

sityve

bis w

akiT

xvis s

wav

leba

anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis aqtivobebis cxrili

meTodi / aqtivoba resursi gverdi

xuTi sabaziso meTodi

saCvenebeli/samodelo kiTxva moswavleebis codnis Sesabamisi donis mxatvruli an sainformacio teqsti

85

saCvenebeli/samodelo wera dafa da carci/didformatiani qaRaldi da markeri 86


didi wigni/didformatian qaRaldze, posterze an dafaze didi asoebiT dawerili teqsti/proeqtoriT gaSvebuli eleqtronuli wigni

88

erToblivi wera dafa da carci/formati da markeri 89

enobrivi praqtika anu `mas-wavlebeli _ kalami~

dafa da carci/didformatiani qaRaldi da markeri, sasurvelia TvalsaCinoeba

90

anbanis swavlebis aqtivobebi

asoebis dalageba suraTiani baraTebi; asoebiani baraTebi, romlebic saWiroa suraTze gamosaxuli sagnis/mcenaris/cxov-elis da a. S. asawyobad

93

anbanis loto boTlis Tavsaxurebze/baraTebze dawerili asoebi 94

anbanis furclebi feradi fanqrebi, Jurnal-gazeTebi, plastelini, makrateli, garemoSi arsebuli sagnebi, webo, `skot-Ci~, furceli (SesaZlebelia specialurad damza-debuli `anbanis furclis~ gamoyenebac. ix. danar-Ti)

94

anbanis maZieblebi feradi fanqrebi, furclebi 95

mzareulobana markeri, muyao/furclebi, jami da kovzi, qaRaldis an plastmasis TefSi, saTamaSo fuli

96

anbanis buStebi buStebi (Ria feris), permanentuli markerebi (muqi feris)

97

anbani wreSi feradi baraTebi anbanis asoebiT (TiTo baraTze TiTo aso), magnitofoni/leptopi, qudi/tomara

98

lurji da wiTeli asoebi dafa da carci/formati da markeri; rveuli/furceli, ori feris fanqari/kalami

99

feradi sityvebi dafa da carci/formati da markeri; rveuli/furceli, ori feris fanqari/kalami

100

asoebi gazeTSi Zveli Jurnal-gazeTebi, msxvili SriftiT dabeWdi-li teqstebi, broSurebi, furceli, webo, makrateli

100

sityvis asoebi gzajvared-inze

didi formatis furceli/dafa, markeri/carci 101

yiramala da misi variaciebi teqsti/wigni/ saxelmZRvanelo moswavleTa raode-nobis mixedviT

102

klasis anbani sityvis baraTebi, gamogonili kodebis cxrili 103

Secvale aso erTi didi zomis sityvis baraTi, dafa da carci 103

anbanuri sityvebis kedeli asoebis baraTebi, sityvis baraTebi 104

67

sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis aqtivobebi

dRis mesiji didformatiani qaRaldze dawerili teqsti, fanqre-bi/flomasterebi, furclebi

104

sityvebis kedeli sityvebis baraTebi (Tabaxis furclis mesamedis zomis)

105

iarliyebi klasSi didi zomis sityvis baraTebi 106

sityvebi magidaze an iatakze sityvis baraTebi 107

sityvebis amokiTxva wyvilebSi

sityvebis sia/didi zomis sityvis baraTebi, wam-mzomi, dafa da magnitebi/carci

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ipove wyvilebi banqos zomis kvadratuli baraTebis dasta sityveb-iTa da naxatebiT

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sinonimebis banqo naxatebiT banqos zomis baraTebis dasta sityvebiTa da nax-atebiT

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boTlis datrialeba sityvis baraTebi, plastikatis boTli 111

sityvebis loto sityvis baraTebi 111

sityvebis marketi sityvis baraTebi 112

mokarnaxe zmnebi sityvis baraTebi 112

sityvebis gariTmva sityvis baraTebi, furceli, kalami 113

sityvebis masaJi mcire zomis sityvis baraTebis dasta 113

davimaxsovroT sityvebis mwkrivi

sityvis baraTebi 114

daxede, gadaabrune, dawere, Seamowme

sityvis baraTebi 115

gaelveba sityvis baraTebi 115

sityvebis maTematika sityvis baraTebis dasta, furceli, kalami 116

sityvebis moZebna (snaiperi) wignebi, Jurnalebi, broSurebi, gazeTebi 116

fostalioni mcire zomis sityvis baraTebi 117

`bax~ banqos zomis sityvis baraTebi, 5-6 baraTi sityviT `bax~

117

rTuli _ advili sityvis baraTebi 118

cxovelebis saxli dafa, carci, sityvis baraTebi (saWiroebisamebr) 118

damatebiTi efeqturi aqtivobebi anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebisaTvis

afrinda, afrinda! 120

sityvaSi marcvlis identifi-cireba

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qurds unda... 120

Secvale aso 120

ipove sityva 120

gadaxaze araswori sityva 120

aklia marcvali 120

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areuli marcvlebis dakav-Sireba

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sityvebis anbanuri rigiT dawyoba

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mocemuli marcvlebiT si-tyvebis Sedgena

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sityvebis gadawera sigrZis mixedviT

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Sesabamisi sityvis povna da gadawera

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sityvebis garkveuli niSniT gadawera

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Sinaarsobrivi wyvilebi 122

sityvis transformireba 122

did sityvaSi patara sityvis povna

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sityvebis gadawera da nakar-naxev sityvebTan dawyvileba

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idumali sityva 122

wakiTxuli winadadebis Sesa-bamisi variantis povna

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pica 122

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sityvebis wakiTxvis unari da misi ganviTarebis safexurebi

sityvebis sworad da swrafad dekodireba kiTxvis swavleba-swavlis sakvanZo mizania. esaa dawerili sityvis, rogorc calkeuli asoebisgan Sedgenili erTi mTliani kodis, gaSifvra. sityvisdekodirebas zogjer sityviscnobas an identificirebasuwodeben.

Tu gawaful kiTxvas davakvirdebiT, aucileblad aRmovaCenT, rom misi erT-erTi Tval-saCino maxasiaTebeli sityvebis swrafad, uSecdomod, danawevrebis gareSe wakiTxvaa. kiT xvis unaris (igulisxmeba kiTxvis teqnikac da gageba-gaazrebac) ganviTarebis gzaze erT-erTi mniSvnelovani miRwevaa, roca bavSvi kiTxvis dros aRar iyenebs aso-aso an marcval-marcval dekodirebas. amis nacvlad igi avtomaturad cnobs sityvebs. kiTxvis procesSi sityvebis mTlianad, avtomaturad cnoba gawafuli kiTxvis mTavari sayrdeni-caa da indikatoric. Tu sityvebis umravlesobas pirveli danaxvisTanave ver vcnobT, maT gaSifvraze (nawil-nawil dekodirebaze) gadavdivarT, rac yuradRebis koncentra-cias da sxvadasxva unaris miznobrivad moSveliebas moiTxovs. amis Sedegad teqstis gaazrebaze dasaxarji energia kiTxvis teqnikuri barierebis daZlevaze gvexarjeba. Tu saqme mozrdil da/an rTul teqstTan gvaqvs, procesi kidev ufro mZimdeba. Cven male viRlebiT da frustracia gveufleba. amitom aris mniSvnelovani, rom kiTxvis swavlis garkveul fazaze sityvebis mTlianad wakiTxvaze gadavideT.

kvlevebis mixedviT, Tu bavSvi cnobs sityvebis umravlesobas winadadebaSi, mas uadvildeba am winadadebis Tavidan bolomde wakiTxva; danarCens, anu ucnob sityvebs, is dekodirebis, konteqstis, ilustraciebisa da fonetikuri gasaRebebis daxmarebiT umklavdeba. rac yve-laze mniSvnelovania, bavSvs ZaluZs aseTi winadadebis gageba-gaazreba.

qarTul enaze kiTxvis swavleba da swavla advili ar aris. am saqmes rTuli sityvebis simravle amZimebs. sabavSvo teqstebSi ki aseT sityvebs xSirad vawydebiT. rTul sityvebSi igulisxmeba:

• grZeli, 6-ze meti asosgan Semdgari sityvebi (mag., mandarini, SuqniSani, sasiamovno, farSavangi);

• TanxmovanTa kompleqsis mqone sityvebi (mag., kurdReli, SeinZra, janmrTeloba, mercxlis);

• Znelad gasagebi mniSvnelobis mqone sityvebi (mag., eSureba, gaisarje);

• iSviaTad gamoyenebuli sityvebi, romlebic, rogorc wesi, mexsierebaSi didxans ver ikidebs fexs (mag., dideda, saTiTe, zRurbli, amSvenebda, dReniadag);

• rTuli gramatikuli konstruqciis mqone sityvebi (mag., aTxova, nagazisa, SeuZina, cxvrisTvis, wamirTmevia);

• idiomebis an frazeologizmebis Semadgeneli sityvebi (mag., abuCad hyavda agdebuli, musri gaavlo).

xSirad ama Tu im konkretul sityvas sirTulis ramdenime kriteriumi erTdroulad miesadageba, magaliTad, oTxmarcvliani. zogjer iseT sityvebsac vxvdebiT, romlebsac yvela zemoT CamoTvlili kriteriumi axasiaTebs, magaliTad: mklavgawvdili.

rogor davexmaroT moswavles, rom man frustraciis gareSe daZlios kiTxvaSi gawafvis rTuli safexuri? gawafuli kiTxvis Temaze dagrovili gamocdileba ramdenime funda-menturi midgomisa da meTodis gamoyenebas gvTavazobs, kerZod:

• gavuvarjiSoT bavSvebs fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi (ix. wina Tavi);

• droulad vaswavloT bavSvebs aso-bgerebi da anbanuri principis gamoyeneba;

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• rac SeiZleba adre davawyebinoT bavSvebs dasuraTebuli sabavSvo wignebis (sruli teqstebis) kiTxva erToblivi kiTxvis meTodiT;

• saCvenebeli/samodelo kiTxvisa da marTuli praqtikisTvis SevarCioT adekvaturi sirTulis teqstebi;

• gamoviyenoT enobrivi praqtikis meTodi da erToblivi wera;

• vaswavloT bavSvebs cnobadi1 da xSiri2 sityvebis avtomaturad wakiTxva.

sityvis dekodireba/cnoba ori ZiriTadi moqmedebis Sesrulebas gulisxmobs: sityvis gonebaSi gaxmovanebas (e.w. Sinagani `gabgereba~) da misTvis mniSvnelobis `miniWebas~. es ukanaskneli niSnavs ara sityvisTvis axali Sinaarsis mikuTvnebas, aramed mocemul kon-teqstSi konkretuli individis mier am dawerili sityvis dakavSirebas mis mniSvnelo-basTan. mas Semdeg, rac sityvebis dekodireba avtomatur reJimze gadaerTveba, mkiTxve-li advilad `gamoixmobs~ maT mniSvnelobas `gonebrivi leqsikonidan~, rac wakiTxulis gaazrebas sagrZnoblad aadvilebs.

rogor swavloben bavSvebi sityvebis dekodirebas/cnobas?

sityvebis dekodirebis unaris ganviTarebis ZiriTadi safexurebia:

logografiuli kiTxva

skolamdeli asaki da pirveli klasi

bavSvi zogierT cnobad sityvas aRiqvams erTi mT-liani gamosaxulebis saxiT, misi vizualuri xati-sa da garegnuli maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT, asoe-bad daSlis gareSe. mag. `puri~, `rZe~, `marketi~3.

gardamavali anbanuri kiTxva

pirveli klasis dasawyisi

bavSvi cdilobs sityvebis wakiTxvas calkeuli asoebis meSveobiT, magram yvela asos ver cnobs. is kiTxulobs zogierTi sityvis pirvel asos (ufro xSirad Tanxmovans), magram xSirad warmo-Tqvams sxva sityvas, romelic amave asoTi iwyeba. SeiZleba dabeWdili sityva `gemi~ misTvis ase ga-moiyurebodes: `gxxx~.

anbanuri kiTxva pirveli klasis Sua periodidan meore klasis dasawyisamde4

bavSvi sul ufro met asos cnobs sityvebSi. rogorc wesi, kiTxulobs aso-aso an marcval-marcval, TiToeuli asos/marcvlis gabgerebiT, rasac fonologiur rekodirebasac uwodeben. TandaTan ezrdeba cnobadi sityvebis maragi, romlebsac swrafad da uSecdomod amoicnobs, dekodirebis gareSe.

1 cnobadia is sityvebi, romlebsac mkiTxveli myisierad cnobs Seyovnebisa da amokiTxvis (asoebis ga-Sifvris) gareSe.2 xSiria is sityvebi, romlebic xSirad gamoiyeneba zepirmetyvelebasa da werilobiT teqstebSi. xSiri sityvebi enaSi Cvengan damoukideblad arsebobs. sasurvelia, moswavlem swored es sityvebi aqcios cnobad sityvebad. 3 SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom es kiTxva ar aris. Tu bavSvi rZis etiketze kiTxulobs sityvas `rZe~, es araa imis garanti, rom sxva konteqstSic waikiTxavs am sityvas. miuxedavad amisa, sityvebis logogra-fiulad aRqma simbolos dekodirebis Canasaxovani formaa. am unaris gamoyeneba metad sasargebloa damwyebi mkiTxvelebisTvis.4 miTiTebuli periodebi ZiriTadad emTxveva im moswavleebis SemTxvevebsac, romlebic qarTuls swavlo-ben rogorc meore enas. erovnuli saswavlo gegmis qarTulis, rogorc meore enis standartis pirveli klasis programis mixedviT moswavle saswavlo wlis bolos unda cnobdes anbanis yvela asos. iqve aRniS-nulia, rom pirveli da meore klasebi warmoadgens sistemur kiTxvaze gadasvlis Semamzadebel safexurs.

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orTografiuli kiTxva

pirveli klasis meore naxevridan mesame klasamde

bavSvi sityvas aRiqvams ara asoebis Tanmimdevro-bis, aramed orTografiuli qargis saxiT. aRiq-vams sityvis nawilebs: fuZes da afiqsebs (mag., `sa/qaTm/e~), rTuli sityvis Semadgenel sityvebs (mag., `gul/keTili~). sityvis sworad wakiTxvi-saTvis iyenebs winadadebis konteqsts. swrafad izrdeba cnobadi sityvebis maragi.

sityvaTwarmoebiTi kiTxva

meoTxe an mexuTe klasidan

bavSvma icis, rom bevri Sedgenili sityva misTvis nacnob nawilebs Seicavs: mag., àvto/portre-ti~ an àvto/bio/grafia~. sityvebis wakiTxvisas erTdroulad iyenebs sityvis cnobisa da misi mniSvnelobis wvdomis strategiebs.

sityvis dekodirebis/cnobis strategiebi

arsebobs sityvis dekodirebis/cnobis ramdenime ZiriTadi strategia. sasurvelia, moswa-vleebi gaiwafon TiToeuli maTganis gamoyenebaSi.

sityvis aso-aso amokiTxva. esaa e. w. anbanuri principis, anu asoebsa da bgerebs Soris mimarTebebis gamoyeneba sityvis dekodirebisaTvis. moswavle jer amoicnobs TvaliT aR-qmul TiToeul asos da `gamoixmobs~ Sesabamis bgerebs. Semdeg xmamaRla (fonologiuri rekodireba) an uxmod gadaabams aso-bgerebs da sityvaSi gaamTlianebs maT.

cnobadi sityvebis aRqma. cnobadia is sityvebi, romlebsac mkiTxveli myisierad cnobs Seyovnebisa da amokiTxvis (asoebis gaSifvris) gareSe. Tu sityva teqstebSi bevrjer Se-gvxvda, misi forma da mniSvneloba `gonebriv leqsikonSi~ imkvidrebs adgils. rac ufro gawafulia adamiani kiTxvaSi, miT ufro met sityvas cnobs avtomaturad da piriqiT.

konteqsturi miniSnebebis gamoyeneba. esaa teqstis winadadebebis, ilustraciebis, aseve, sxva nacnobi sityvebis gamoyeneba ucnobi sityvis amosacnobad. magaliTisTvis, warmovi-dginoT, rom sityva ùfunqcio~ ucnobia winadadebaSi: `xangrZlivi gamoyenebis Sedegad monitori ufunqcio nivTad gadaiqca.~ davukvirdeT, ra miniSnebebi gvexmareba am sity-vis swrafad da sworad dekodirebaSi: 1. semantikuri (mniSvnelobasTan dakavSirebuli) miniSnebebi. amave winadadebaSi Semavali sxva nacnobi sityvebi gvibiZgebs am sityvis swo-rad wasakiTxad; 2. orTografiuli/anbanuri miniSnebebi. sityvaSi pirveli asoebis cnoba gviadvilebs mTliani sityvis wakiTxvas; 3. sityvis gramatikul struqturasTan dakavSi-rebuli miniSnebebi. am sityvis winsarTis cnoba gviadvilebs bolosarTisa da mTliani sityvis amocnobasac.

sityvis nawilebis amocnoba. esaa nacnob asoTa jgufebis gamoyeneba sityvis dekodire-bisas. magaliTad, marcvlebis, asoTa kombinaciebis, sityvis fuZis, afiqsebis da sxva nawilebis cnoba SeiZleba dagvexmaros sityvis gaSifvraSi.

kvlevebis mixedviT, aRweril strategiebs Soris kiTxvis teqnikis ganviTarebisaTvis gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs anbanuri principis efeqturad gamoyenebas. kargi mki-Txvelebi oTxive strategias iyeneben, Tumca asoebis avtomaturad cnoba da gadabma yvelaze mZlavri instrumentia sityvebis cnobis, gawafuli kiTxvisa da, sabolood, ga-geba-gaazrebisTvis.

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sityvebis dekodirebis/cnobis swavleba

sityvebis cnobis unaris ganviTarebis gzaze pirvel klass gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs. sasurvelia, rom pirveli klasis dasawyisSive (winasaanbano periodSi) bavSvebma:

• gaacnobieron, rom wignSi mxolod naxatebi ki ar `gviyveba~ ambavs, aramed ufro metad – nabeWdi sityvebi;

• gaacnobieron, rom ena Sedgeba sityvebisagan;

• gaacnobieron, rom zepirad warmoTqmuli sityvebi bgerebad iSleba, xolo dawerili sityvebi – asoebad;

• SeZlon 50-100 xSirad gamoyenebuli sityvis logografiulad cnoba;

• gaivarjiSon fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi, rac Semdgom etapze asoebis bgerebTan dakavSirebis aucilebeli safuZvelia;

• daiwyon sityvebis cnoba winadadebebisa da frazebis konteqstSi.

saswavlo procesSi am elementebze yuradRebis gamaxvileba saTanadod Seamzadebs yvela moswavles saanbano periodisa da orTografiuli kiTxvis fazis rTuli amocanebis da-saZlevad.

kiTxvis swavleba-swavlis pirveli nabijebi

winasaanbano periodSi bavSvebis umravlesoba ramdenime sityvas mainc cnobs logogra-fiulad (mag., marketi, puri, ia, ku, nayini da sxv.). amgvar sityvaTa maragis SevsebasTan erTad bavSvebi TandaTanobiT daiwyeben maTSi calkeuli asoebis amocnobas da Sesabamis bgerebTan dakavSirebasac.

jer kidev skolaSi wasvlamde patarebi garkveul gamocdilebas iZenen da met-naklebad iviTareben kiTxvis SeswavlisaTvis saWiro unarebs. swored am safuZvlebs eyrdnobian skolis dawyebiTi safexuris maswavleblebi. iTvaliswineben, Tu rogor viTardeba bavS-vis enobrivi unarebi da adgenen kiTxvis saswavlo gegmas, arCeven swavlebis efeqtur meTodebs, advilad gamosayenebel Sefasebis instrumentebs.

ra midgomiTa da meTodebiT unda vaswavloT kiTxva? dReisaTvis gavrcelebulia kiTxvis swavlebis sami ZiriTadi midgoma:

• aRmavali / sinTezuri / nawilebidan mTelisken mimarTuli;

• daRmavali / analizuri / mTelidan nawilebisken mimarTuli;

• dabalansebuli / analizur-sinTezuri / daRmaval-aRmavali / mTeli-nawili-mTeli.

aRmaval midgomas (nawilebi mTeli) safuZvlad udevs debuleba: `asos, marcvlisa da sityvis cnobis gareSe SeuZlebelia kiTxva~. kiTxva iwyeba calkeuli asoebis garCeviT/cnobiT, grZeldeba aso-bgerebis marcvlebad, Semdeg ki – sityvebad gamTlianebiT.

am midgomiT pirvel etapze bavSvi swavlobs asoebis mxedvelobiT garCevas da maT dakav-Sirebas Sesabamis bgerasTan. meore etapze bavSvi aso-bgerebs gadaabams da sityvebad aerTianebs. mesame etapze sityvebi erTiandeba winadadebebad, romlebSic xdeba calkeu-li sityvis mniSvnelobis amocnoba. amrigad, procesi mimdinareobs qvemodan zemoT, nawilebidan (aso-bgeridan) mTelisaken (sityvisaken). rac Seexeba wakiTxulis gagebas da azris gamotanas, es werilobiTi kodis gaSifvris (dekodirebis) wesebis swavlis Sedegia.

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cnobilia, rom kiTxvis procesSi mkiTxveli aqtiurad iyenebs teqstSi arsebul iseT damxmare gasaRebebs, rogorebicaa sityvis pirveli aso/marcvali, wina da momdevno si-tyvebi, winadadebis/abzacis savaraudo Sinaarsi, ilustraciebi, yda da sxv. aRmavali modelis arsebiT xarvezad swored am aspeqtis ugulebelyofa miiCneva. am midgomis mim-devari maswavleblebi sagakveTilo drois ZiriTad nawils aso-bgerebis daswavlasa da dekodirebis savarjiSoebs uTmoben. bevri moswavle wvalobs da kargavs Tavdajerebu-lobas amgvari damRleli savarjiSoebis Sesrulebis Sedegad.

daRmaval midgomas (mTeli nawilebi) safuZvlad udevs debuleba: `kiTxva, mosmenis msgavsad, mTliani teqstidan azris gamotanis procesia. kiTxva iwyeba wignebSi, Jurna-lebSi, sareklamo dafebze, Senobebis abrebze, iarliyebze, meniuebSi logoebis, cifre-bis, xSiri sityvebis SemCneviTa da gamorCeviT. amaSi bavSvs ilustraciebi da sxva kon-teqsturi gasaRebebi exmareba. TandaTanobiT am sityvebSi bavSvi gamoarCevs calkeul asoebs (kodebs) da imavdroulad acnobierebs, Tu raSi gvWirdeba es kodebi. daRmavali midgomis mixedviT kiTxvis procesi metyvelebis process hgavs. calkeuli aso-bgera azrs moklebulia da misi cnoba sityvaSi ufro advilia, vidre calke. kiTxvis dros mTavaria mniSvnelobis gageba, romlis safuZvelzec moxdeba dawerili sityvis da masSi Semavali aso-bgerebis cnoba. Sesabamisad, mkiTxveli ecnoba misTvis saintereso teqstis Sinaarss da am konteqstSi swavlobs asoebsa da maT kombinaciebs.

daRmavali midgomiT pirvel etapze bavSvi aTvalierebs wignebs da saubrobs maT Si-naarsze. Semdeg maswavleblis daxmarebiT gamoyofs teqstidan `yvelaze mniSvnelovan~ sityvebs, Slis maT marcvlebad da aso-bgerebad, rasac mosdevs dekodirebis savarji-Soebi. amrigad, procesi mimdinareobs zemodan qvemoT, mTeli teqstidan nawilebisaken (aso-bgerebisken). rac Seexeba wakiTxulis gagebas da azris gamotanas, es aRwerili pro-cesis Tanmdevi komponentia.

am midgomas xSirad SecdomiT aigiveben `mTeli sityvebiT swavlebis~ meTodTan, rome-lic, Tavis mxriv, rac SeiZleba meti sityvis logografiuli xatis mexsierebaSi Senaxvasa da kiTxvis dros gamoyenebas gulisxmobs.

daRmavali midgomis xarvezad imas miuTiTeben, rom ugulebelyofilia sityvis deko-direbis eqspliciturad swavlebis aucilebloba. anbanuri principis daufleba da de-kodirebaSi gawafva mniSvnelovani safexuria imisaTvis, rom kargma mkiTxvelma sityve-bis umravlesoba avtomaturad amoicnos. daRmavali midgomis mimdevari maswavleblebi sagakveTilo drois did nawils sityvis/winadadebis garegnul xatsa da mniSvnelobaze muSaobas uTmoben.

dabalansebuli midgomis (mTeli nawilebi mTeli) mixedviT kiTxvis procesi orive mimarTulebas moicavs – daRmavalsac da aRmavalsac. kiTxvis procesSi erTdroulad muSaobs ramdenime procesori: orTografiuli (asoebis aRqma), fonologiuri (bgerebis aRqma), semantikuri (sityvebisTvis mniSvnelobis `miniWeba~), sintaqsuri (sityvebis daka-vSireba gramatikuli wesebis gamoyenebiT), konteqsturi (sityvebisa da winadadebebis gaazreba-gamTlianeba). amdenad, kiTxva erTdroulad moicavs dekodirebasac da teqstis mniSvnelobis gagebasac.

dabalansebuli midgoma kiTxvis swavleba-swavlis procesSi aerTianebs daRmavali da aRmavali midgomebis yvelaze mniSvnelovan komponentebs _ erTi mxriv, mTliani teqstis aRqmasa da damuSavebas, meore mxriv ki, misi Semadgeneli sityvebisa da aso-bgerebis de-kodirebaze varjiSs. rasakvirvelia, gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs iseTi sakiTxavi masalis SerCevas, romelic Seesabameba xuTi-eqvsi wlis bavSvis Tematur interesebs, yofiT gamocdilebas, enobriv kompetenciebs. yuradReba unda gamaxvildes teqstebis

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moculobaze, misi struqturis simartiveze, Sriftis zomaze, sityvebisa da frazebis gamoyenebaze, ilustraciebis gamomsaxvelobiT mxareze.

mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebeli icnobdes samive midgomis Zlier da sust mxareebs da kiTxvis swavlebisas gaazrebuli gadawyvetilebebi miiRos konkretuli meTodebisa da resursebis SerCevis dros. zogadad aRiarebulia, rom dabalansebuli midgomis gamo-yenebas ukeTesi Sedegi moaqvs, vidre mxolod daRmavali an mxolod aRmavali midgomiT muSaobas. kiTxvis Seswavlis romel meTodsac ar unda mianiWos upiratesoba maswavle-belma, pirvel klasSi man unda SeZlos kiTxvis swavlebis sami ZiriTadi safexuris efeq-turad organizeba. esenia: winasaanbano, saanbano da anbanisSemdgomi periodebi. SerCeu-li midgomisa da meTodis Sesabamisad Seicvleba – gaizrdeba an Semcirdeba – TiToeuli safexuris xangrZlivoba da Sinaarsi. magaliTad, dabalansebuli midgomiT swavlebis SemTxvevaSi winasaanbano periodi gaizrdeba da gamdidrdeba iseTi aqtivobebiT, ro-gorebicaa enobrivi praqtika, didi wignebis erToblivi kiTxva, saCvenebeli/samodelo kiTxva, erToblivi wera, iarliyebi klasSi, dRis mesiji, TamaSebi elva-baraTebiT da a.S.

dabalansebuli / `mTeli – nawili – mTeli~ midgomis mixedviT kiTxvis aqtivoba iwyeba mTliani avTenturi1 teqstiT, romelic konkretul, bavSvebisaTvis saintereso informa-cias Seicavs. aseTia, magaliTad, moTxrobebi da zRaprebi, leqsebi da gamocanebi, iumo-ristuli ambebi, sainformacio-SemecnebiTi teqstebi garemoSi arsebul nivTebsa da mo-vlenebze. rogorc vTqviT, mniSvnelovania, rom teqsts hqondes Semdegi maxasiaTeblebi:

is unda iyos

• mcire zomis;

• mokle da martivi winadadebebiT agebuli;

• xSiri da nacnobi sityvebiT Sedgenili;

• msxvili asoebiT dabeWdili/dawerili;

• ilustrirebuli.

aseTi saswavlo resursi SesaZloa mza saxiT arsebobdes (magaliTad, didi wignebi, teqs-tiani posterebi da sxv.) an maswavlebelma daamzados gakveTilamde Tu uSualod gakve-Tilis msvlelobisas.

maswavlebeli klasSi muSaobas iwyebs Temaze fokusirebiT, Sesamzadebeli diskusiiT, bavSvebisTvis teqstis xmamaRla wakiTxviT an teqstis erToblivad SeqmniT (ix. enobri-vi praqtikis meTodi anu `maswavlebeli – kalami~). Semdeg bavSvebsac uCvenebs teqsts da erToblivi kiTxvis meTodis gamoyenebiT CarTavs maT kiTxvis procesSi. miuxedavad imisa, rom anbani da werilobiTi kodis gaSifvra jer srulyofilad ar auTvisebiaT, bavSvebi xalisiT erTvebian aqtivobaSi. metic, iseTi meTodebis gamoyeneba, rogoricaa teqstis winaswari mimoxilva, saCvenebeli kiTxva maswavleblis mier, enobrivi praqtika, erToblivi kiTxva (da misi variaciebi), sityvebis povna da sxv. did daxmarebas uwevs moswavleebs ara mxolod konteqsturi gasaRebebis mignebiT kiTxvaSi, aramed dekodire-bis unaris dauflebaSi.

1 avTenturi niSnavs realurTan miaxloebuls, praqtikul gamocdilebasa da garemoSi arsebuls. av-Tenturia iseTi sabavSvo teqsti, romelic Tavisi SinaarsiT, struqturiTa da dizainiT hgavs Cveule-briv sabavSvo literaturis nimuSebs, romelsac bavSvi yoveldRiurad naxulobs da romelic mkveT-rad gansxvavdeba saxelmZRvaneloebSi dekodirebis mizniT Cadebuli savarjiSo teqstebisagan.

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cxadia, mniSvnelovania, rom patara mkiTxvelebs Tanmimdevruli daxmareba gavuwioT mTlian teqstebSi navigaciis~ dros. gavamdidroT kiTxvis garemo mravalferovani damx-mare saSualebebiT: ilustraciebiT, aso-bgerebisa da sityvebis gamosaxulebebiT da sxv. maswavlebelma problemad ar unda miiCnios is, rom moswavleTa nawilma jer ar icis anbanis yvela aso da ar aris gawafuli maT gadabmaSi. kiTxvis swavlebis pirvel etap-ze maswavlebeli sxvadasxva strategiiT cdilobs, daexmaros moswavleebs wignebTan/teqstebTan urTierTobis damyarebaSi – saTauris, ilustraciebis, cnobadi sityvebis gamoyenebaSi. amgvari midgomiT moswavleebi enTuziazmiT monawileoben kiTxvis aqtivo-bebSi da umtkivneulod gadadian dekodirebisa da fonologiuri rekodirebis (asoebis xmamaRla gabgerebis) naklebad sasiamovno varjiSebze. isini iwyeben imis garCevas, Tu teqstis romeli winadadeba gamoxatavs saintereso azrs, imaxsovreben sakvanZo sityve-bis grafikul gamosaxulebas, TandaTanobiT iwyeben amocnobili sityvebis Semadgenel elementebze dakvirvebas. bavSvebi mTlianidan nawilisaken midian da SeuZliaT am nawi-lebiT – aso-bgerebiTa da marcvlebiT – sxvadasxva sityvis awyoba, azrebis gadmocema.

rogorc vxedavT, `mTeli-nawili-mTeli~ midgomis amosavali principia dekodirebis swav lis dawyeba ara calkeuli sityvebiT, aramed avTenturi winadadebebiT an teqste-biT. rac Seexeba am procesis meore, aRmaval nawils, anu nawilebis (aso-bgerebisa da marcvlebis) sinTezirebis swavlebas, is mravalferovani savarjiSoebisa da TamaSebis daxmarebiT mimdinareobs. aqac mniSvnelovania, rom procesi calkeul sityvebze ar Se-Cerdes da bavSvebma axlad Seswavlili asoebisa da marcvlebis avTentur winadadebebSi gamoyeneba swrafadve mosinjon kiTxvasa da weraSi.

qvemoT mocemuli sqema asaxavs kiTxvis swavleba-swavlis ZiriTad elementebs teqstidan aso-bgeramde da Semdeg piruku, anu kvlav winadadebebamde da teqstebamde. amgvarad warmarTuli procesi ganapirobebs kiTxvis xuTive komponentis sinqronulad ganviTare-bas da, rac mTavaria, unarCunebs moswavles interessa da motivacias.

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kiTxvis swavlebis periodebi

tradiciuli midgomis mixedviT winasaanbano periodi sakmaod xanmoklea (daaxloebiT ori kvira). samagierod, gacilebiT ufro xangrZlivad mimdinareobs anbanis daswavla (5-6 Tve), rasac mosdevs SedarebiT mcire xangrZlivobis anbanisSemdgomi periodi (2-3 Tve). es midgoma mTavar orientirad swored anbanuri principis srulad aTvisebas isa-xavs da droc, ZiriTadad, marcvlebisa da sityvebis uSecdomo dekodirebaze ixarjeba. midgomis susti mxare isaa, rom bavSvebi naklebad varjiSoben teqstebis gageba-gaazre-baSi, sityvebisa da winadadebebis mniSvnelobis wvdomaSi, konteqsturi miniSnebebis/ga-saRebebis gamoyenebaSi.

inovaciuri, dabalansebuli midgomis danergva ramdenime cvlilebis ganxorcielebas moiTxovs:

winasaanbano periodSi saWiroa ramdenime tipis mniSvnelovani aqtivobis damateba, rac mis gaxangrZlivebas gamoiwvevs (erTi Tvidan Tvenaxevramde); sasurvelia, tradiciul saswavlo aqtivobebs daematos gulisyuriT mosmenis aqtivobebi, safexurebad warmar-Tuli fonologiuri savarjiSoebi/TamaSebi, xSiri/cnobadi sityvebis logografiulad cnobis savarjiSoebi, enobrivi praqtika, erToblivi kiTxva da sxv. aseTi aqtivobebi saTanadod Seamzadebs bavSvebs anbanuri principis aTvisebisa da sityvebis dekodirebi-saTvis.

saanbano periodSi dabalansebuli meTodiT muSaobisas maswavleblma unda ganagrZos mravalferovani teqstebis gamoyeneba da sistemuri xasiaTi misces aso-bgerebis swavle-bas. mTavaria, bavSvebs SeuyvardeT kiTxva da ar dakargon kiTxvis motivacia dekodire-bis savarjiSoebis Sesrulebisas. imisTvis, rom dekodirebis savarjiSoebi mtanjveli ar gaxdes bavSvisTvis da swavlaSic saWiro efeqti miviRoT, unda gaviTvaliswinoT sami mniSvnelovani midgoma:

1. bavSvebs varjiSisTvis SevTavazoT maTTvis avTenturi, konkretuli azris matarebeli,

saintereso konteqstidan _ zRaprebidan, ilustraciebidan, realuri situaciebidan _

aRebuli sityvebi da frazebi;

2. savarjiSoebi gavaxalisoT TamaSis elementebis SemotaniT. SevarCioT axali da sain-

tereso aqtivobebi, andac SevqmnaT Cven mier mravalgzis nacadi savarjiSoebis modi-

ficirebuli variantebi;

3. am savarjiSoebisTvis gamovyoT adekvaturi dro. ganvsazRvroT, saswavlo wlis romel

periodSi ra sixSiriT CavatarebT maT da gakveTilis romel monakveTSi ramden wuTs

davuTmobT.

am periodis ZiriTad aqtivobebs Soris kvlav rCeba erToblivi kiTxva, erToblivi wera da enobrivi praqtika. maTi intensiuri gamoyenebiTa da dekodirebis savarjiSoebTan integrirebiT maswavlebeli moamzadebs bavSvebs damoukidebeli kiTxvis etapze gada-sasvlelad. rasakvirvelia, ar unda dagvaviwydes TiToeuli moswavlis unarTa uwyveti monitoringi.

anbanisSemdgomi periodis erT-erTi mTavari amocanaa erToblivi kiTxvidan damoukide-bel kiTxvaze gadasvla. amisaTvis maswavlebels SeuZlia daiwyos marTuli kiTxvis aqti-vobis gamoyeneba da kiTxvis iseTi sabaziso strategiebis swavleba, rogorebicaa: varau-debis gamoTqma, wakiTxulis warmosaxvaSi gacocxleba, SekiTxvebis dasma, paralelebis gavleba pirad gamocdilebasTan Tu adre wakiTxulTan da sxv. cxadia, gadamwyveti roli eniWeba teqstebis SerCevas, risTvisac unda gaviTvaliswinoT sami midgoma:

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1. SevTavazoT bavSvebs mravalferovani teqstebi, rac gulisxmobs damatebi-Ti teqstebis/wignebis moZiebas. ar SemovifargloT mxolod saxelmZRvane-loebiT;

2. ganvsazRvroT TiToeuli moswavlis kiTxvis done diagnostikuri testire-bisa da dakvirvebis safuZvelze;

3. SevurCioT da/an asarCevad SevTavazoT bavSvebs adekvaturi sirTulis (maTi kiTxvis donis Sesabamisi) teqstebi.

Tu mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi maswavlebeli efeqturad gamoiyenebs pasuxismgeblobis nabij-nabij gadacemis models, saanbano periodi umtkivneulod Caivlis, bavSvebi daZle-ven kiTxvis swavlis pirvel nabijebTan dakavSirebul sirTuleebs. saswavlo wlis bo-losTvis isini momzadebuli iqnebian damoukidebeli kiTxvis safexurze gadasasvlelad da eqnebaT myari safuZveli gamarTuli kiTxvisa da wakiTxulis gaazrebisaTvis.

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavleblebisTvis L1 L2

pirveli klasis amgvari `periodizacia~ garkveul saxecvlilebebs ganicdis araqarTul-enovan skolebSi da damokidebulia moswavleTa mzaobaze, winare codnaze, leqsikur maragze. kvlevebiT dadasturebulia, rom mSobliur enaze ZiriTadi enobrivi unarebis ganviTareba mniSvnelovan safuZvels uyris da sagrZnoblad aCqarebs meore enaze kiTx-vis swavlas. amis gaTvaliswinebiT winasaanbano periodis xangrZlivoba SesaZloa gaizar-dos. Tumca maswavlebelma isic unda gaiTvaliswinos, rom meore klasis dasawyisSi yvela moswavles moeTxoveba anbanuri principis gamoyeneba.

sqemis mixedviT meore enaze kiTxvis dawyebisTvis mniSvnelovania, rom moswavles ganvi-Tarebuli hqondes fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi da zepirmetyvelebis unarebi, gaaCndes sakmarisi leqsikuri maragi da mSobliur enaze kiTxvis sabaziso unarebi. vinaidan meore enaze kiTxvis swavlis dros moswavle mSobliur enaze gavarijSebuli unarebis trans-fers mimarTavs, sasurvelia, mSobliur enazec kiTxvis swavleba-swavla daefuZnos winam-debare saresurso wignSi warmodgenil midgomebsa da meTodebs.

qvemoT warmodgenilia aqtivobaTa da resursTa arasruli CamonaTvali, romelTa gegma-zomierad gamoyeneba ganapirobebs kiTxvis swavlebis dabalansebas pirvel klasSi.

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winasaanbano saanbano anbanisSemdgomiaq

tiv

obe

bisaubari TvalsaCinoebebze (posterebi, suraTebi, niv-Tebi da sxv.);

maswavleblis mier xmamaRla wakiTxva/saCvenebeli waki-Txva;

audioCanawerebis mosmena;

fonologiuri savarjiSoebi/TamaSebi;

leqsikuri maragis gamamdid-rebeli TamaSebi;

mTliani sityvebis cnoba;

`gaseirneba~ did wignebSi (wignTan muSaobis sawyisi unar-Cvevebi);

enobrivi praqtika;

xatva da naxatze minaweris gakeTeba;

erToblivi kiTxva;

erToblivi wera.

maswavleblis mier xmamaRla wakiTxva da saubari waki-Txulis Sesaxeb;

erToblivi kiTxva;

enobrivi praqtika;

erToblivi wera;

teqstis daSla winadadebe-bad da sityvebad;

teqstis awyoba winadadebe-biT da winadadebis awyoba sityvebiT;

sityvebis daSla marcvlebad da aso-bgerebad;

sityvebis awyoba marcvle-biT da aso-bgerebiT.

cnobadi/xSiri sityvebis cnoba;

anbanuri TamaSebi;

sityvebis dekodirebis Ta-maSebi;

martivad dekodirebadi te-qstebis wakiTxva.

mcire zomis teqstebis kiTx-va;

kiTxvis sabaziso strategie-bis (winare codnis gaaqtiu-reba, varaudebis gamoTqma, wakiTxulze msjeloba) modelireba da marTuli praqtika;

marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba;

damoukidebeli kiTxvis bloki;

leqsikur erTeulebTan muSaobisa da gageba-gaazre-bis sawyisi strategiebis mini-sesiebi;

konteqstis gamoyenebiT sityvis cnobis strategiis swavleba;

xmamaRla fiqri;

damoukideblad wera.

res

ur

sebi

TvalsaCinoebebi (postere-bi, suraTebi, didi wignebi, saTamaSoebi, sayofacxovrebo nivTebi da sxv.);

suraTiani baraTebi;

xelis Tojinebi;

naxatebi da

gasaferadeblebi;

sityvebis kedeli.

didi wignebi;

patara, ilustrirebuli sa-kiTxavi wignebi;

klasSi Seqmnili teqstebi;

Tematuri posterebi;

sityvebis kedeli;

sityvebis loto;

sityvis baraTebi;

asawyobi wignebi;

siuJeturi baraTebi;

moZravi anbani;

domino da loto;

`bukis~ TamaSebi.

sxvadasxva tipisa da sirTu-lis teqstebi/wignebi;

saklaso bibilioTeka;

eleqtronuli biblioTeka;

moswavleebis mier Seqmnili wignebi;

audioteqstebi;

sityvebis kedeli.

miuxedavad imisa, Tu kiTxvis swavlebis romel midgomas emxrobian skolis maswavleb-lebi, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, rom yoveli saswavlo wlis dasawyisSi Catardes diagnostikuri kvleva, romelic gamoavlens TiToeuli moswavlis wignierebis indivi-dualur profils. kiTxvis swavlebisas maswavleblis upirvelesi movaleobaa, SearCios kiTxvis swavlebis midgoma ise, rom garkveulwilad misces moswavleebs saSualeba, air-Cion maTTvis yvelaze mosaxerxebeli strategia. ase kiTxva gaxdeba sasiamovno aqtivoba rogorc moswavleebis, ise maswavleblebisTvis.

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cnobadi sityvebis swavleba

sityvebis sworad dekodireba didi kognituri Zalisxmevis gareSe mniSvnelovan sa-fuZvels uqmnis maT avtomaturad, gawafulad wakiTxvas. arsebobs sityvebis korpusi, romelTa myisieri amocnoba (aso-bgerebad danawevrebis gareSe), did daxmarebas uwevs moswavles kiTxvis swavlis gzaze. esaa e. w. `cnobadi sityvebi~, romlebic Zalian xSirad gvxvdeba zepirmetyvelebasa da daweril teqstebSi.

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, cnobadia sityva, romelsac moswavle nawer teqstSi myisierad aRiqvams da avtomaturad cnobs. cxadia, cnobadi sityvebis umravlesoba yvelaze xSirad gamoyenebuli sityvebia. magaliTad, sityvebi da~ da ar~ yvelaze xSirad gvxvdeba nebis-mieri tipis, Sinaarsisa da sirTulis teqstSi.1

cnobadi sityvebia is nacvalsaxelebi, kavSirebi, arsebiTi saxelebi, zedsarTavi saxelebi da zmnebi, romlebic dawerili teqstebis sakmao nawils Seadgens. bevri maTganis swavle-ba, rogorc wesi, Znelia gaTvalsaCinoebiT. magaliTad, warmoidgineT, rogor auxsnidiT bavSvs iseT sityvebs, rogorebicaa: `rom~, `xan~, ùnda~ da sxv.

maswavlebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos, rom cnobadi sityvebi moswavlisTvis Tavidanve araa cnobadi da verc gaxdeba, sanam tvini bevrjer ar aRiqvams da `gonebriv leqsikonSi~ ar gadaitans maT. am sityvebze muSaobas specialuri Zalisxmeva sWirdeba. SesaZloa, cnobad sityvad gadavuqcioT moswavles sityva ègebis~ anda ìavarqmna~. ramdenad sasargeblo iqneba damwyebi mkiTxvelisTvis am sityvebis cnoba? sad Sexvdeba an ramdenad xSirad Sexvdeba is msgavs sityvebs? Sesabamisad, unda vecadoT, rom cnobadi sityvebis simravle umeteswilad emTxveodes xSiri sityvebis simravles.

mSobliur enaze bavSvebi cnobadi da xSiri sityvebis garkveul nawils skolamdel asakSi ecnobian. meore enis Semswavleli bavSvebis umravlesoba ki am sityvebs skolaSi iTvi-sebs. amitom saWiroa, rom maswavlebelma saTanado dro da resursi gamoyos cnobadi da xSiri sityvebis swavlebisaTvis. am miznis miRwevaSi gvexmareba mravalferovani, saxali-so, efeqturi meTodebi da strategiebi.

saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis farglebSi Catarda saxelmZRvaneloebisa da sxvadasxva sabavSvo teqstis analizi, romlis safuZvelzec gamoiyo cnobadi da xSi-rad gamoyenebuli sityvebis sia. Tu siaSi CavixedavT, advilad aRmovaCenT, rom cnobadi sityvebis sakmao nawili erTgvari `webovani sityvebia~ (mag., rom, da, Tu, ar...). isini winadadebis nawilebs Soris azrobrivi kavSiris dasamyareblad, maT erTmaneTze gada-sabmelad gamoiyeneba. am sityvebis cal-calke swavla bavSvisTvis advili ar aris erTi martivi mizeziT: maT damoukidebeli mniSvneloba ar gaaCniaT. meore mxriv, xSirad gamo-yenebul sityvebs Soris iseTi sityvebic gvxvdeba, romlebic konkretuli mniSvnelobis matarebelia (mag., saxli, deda, uTxra...).

sasurvelia, moswavleebma yuradReba gaamaxvilon am sityvebis garegnul mxaresa da moy-vanilobaze, mravaljeradi danaxva-aRqmis gziT CaibeWdon isini mexsierebaSi. vinaidan es sityvebi mTliani teqstis sakmao nawils ikavebs, maTi avtomaturad da mTlianad aRqma sagrZnoblad gaaadvilebs moswavleTa kiTxvaSi gawafvas.

1 sityvebis sixSire ganisazRvra saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis farglebSi Catarebuli teqstebis analizis Sedegad teqstis parametrebis damTvleli specialuri programis _ WordCalc _ gamoyenebiT.

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ratom aris saWiro cnobadi da xSiri sityvebis swavleba?

1. cnobadi sityvebis codna zrdis mkiTxvelis TviTrwmenas. ar unda daviviwyoT Tavdaje-rebulobis mniSvnelovani roli swavlis procesSi. moswavleebi bevrad ukeT iZenen cod-nas, Tuki sjeraT sakuTari SesaZleblobebis. patarebi sakmaod gonebagamWriaxni arian! yovelTvis rodi ijereben Cvens naTqvams, rom SeZleben davalebis Sesrulebas. maT Tavad unda irwmunon, rom SeswevT saamiso unari. cnobadi sityvebis swrafad wakiTxva ki pata-ra mkiTxvels sakuTar unarianobas udasturebs. roca damwyebi mkiTxveli dainaxavs bevr nacnob sityvas teqstSi, igi meti TavdajerebulobiT Seudgeba da gaagrZelebs kiTxvas.

2. cnobadi sityvebi gamoaTavisuflebs bavSvis energias ufro rTul da ucxo sityvebTan samuSaod. kiTxva sakmaod mZime Sromaa! gawafuli mkiTxveli xSirad ver aRiqvams ramxela energiasa da koncentracias moiTxovs ucnobi sityvebiT savse teqstis wakiTxva. roca bavSvebs winadadebaSi TiToeuli sityvis dekodireba uwevT, isini frustracias ganic-dian da teqstis Sinaarssac veRar iazreben. sityvebis sworad warmoTqmas imdenad did yuradRebas uTmoben, rom mniSvnelobis aRqma uZneldebaT. roca bavSvebs ecodinebaT xSiri, cnobadi sityvebi, mxolod axali da rTuli sityvebis dekodirebisTvis mouxde-baT Seyovneba.

3. cnobadi sityvebi gasaRebia winadadebis Sinaarsis gasagebad. cnobad sityvebs, romel-Tagan bevri 6 asoze naklebs Seicavs, gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba teqstSi. sa-bavSvo wignebSi teqsts Tan axlavs xolme ilustraciebi, magram Cveni mTavari mizania, damwyebma mkiTxvelebma ZiriTadad sityvebis wakiTxviTa da gaazrebiT SeZlon teqstis Sinaarsis gageba. cnobadi sityvebi erTgvari gasaRebia, romelic exmareba bavSvs wasaki-Txi frazis an winadadebis mniSvnelobis gaazrebaSi.

4. cnobadi sityvebi safuZvels qmnis axali, ufro rTuli sityvebis wakiTxvisTvis. qarTul enaSi mravali iseTi sityvis formaa, romlis dekodirebas patara mkiTxveli advilad ver axerxebs. bevri maTgani xSirad gvxvdeba teqstebSi. mag., sityvebi `maTi~, `gavida~, `did-ma~, Cveulebriv, meordeba sabavSvo moTxrobebSi. sasurvelia, rom am sityvebis wakiTx-visas bavSvi ukve cnobdes sityvebs `maT~, `wavida~, `didi~, radgan es uTuod daexmareba dekodirebasa da gaazrebaSi. es da kidev bevri sxva cnobadi sityva aucileblad unda vaswavloT damwyeb mkiTxvelebs, raTa maT myisierad, Zalisxmevis gareSe SeZlon sityve-bis amocnoba da gageba.

5. cnobadi sityvebi xels uwyobs qarTulis, rogorc meore enis, swavleba-swavlas. qarTu-lis, rogorc meore enis swavlebis erT-erTi mTavari mizani qarTuli enis praqtiku-li gamoyenebisTvis saWiro unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebaa. cnobadi sityvebis Seswavla did daxmarebas uwevs moswavleebs, vinaidan bevri cnobadi sityva Zalian xSirad gvxvdeba rogorc sabavSvo moTxrobebSi, aseve yoveldRiur saubrebSi. qarTulis, rogorc meore enis swavlebis dros uaRresad momgebiania yuradRebis gamaxvileba cnobad sityvebze. garda amisa, formis cvlilebebi, romelTac ganicdis `xSiri~ zmnebi (magaliTad, yofna an Tqma) ar emorCileba mkacrad gansazRvrul wesebs, maTi uRlebis Sesaswavlad yvelaze efeqturi gza damaxsovrebaa.

daskvnis saxiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom cnobadi sityvebis codna metad sasargebloa kiTx-vaSi gawafvisa da wakiTxulis ukeT gaazrebisTvis. Tu bavSvebs vaswavliT cnobadi sity-vebis myisierad amocnobas, maT SesaZlebloba eqnebaT, meti energia gamoyon wakiTxulis Sinaarsis gaazrebisTvis, kiTxvis swavlis procesi daCqardeba da bavSvebisTvis bevrad ufro sasiamovno gaxdeba.

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cnobadi sityvebis sarekomendacio sia

da, ar, ra, rom, me, patara, arc, ki, iyo, Zalian, erTxel, is, mere, sul, erTi, ara, didi, Tu, isev, deda, biWi, aris, ici, uceb, rogor, magram, unda, xar, xe, modis, aqvs, ezo, aRar, es, var, am, kargi, aba, Sen, erT, ver, male, xom, ufro, Tqva, bebia, dRes, xma, hki-Txa, axla, vin, ai, ise, bolos, mama, ras, aq, Tavisi, Cemi, upasuxa, wyali, kargad, modi, xan, iq, rac, Seni, kidev, erTad, mas, nu, bevri, ratom, ori, Cven, gza, maqvs, wavida, meore, kaci, an, iqiT, aqeT, Tavi, puri, papa, yvela, lamazi, guli, sad, tye, jer, minda, civa, cxela, roca, ase, Sin, wvima, kata, xeli, mze, yveli, uTxra, mec, Semdeg, Turme, mxolod, dila, Tvali, igi, sityva, eg, rogori, imitom, babua, Tqveni, pirveli, romeli, mier, ginda, ramdeni, maT, Senc, amis, Savi, ris, Svili, xili, misi, vis, sxva, rodis, idga, qudi, Tan, hqvia, im, mainc, raRac, qveS, cota, amitom, Citi, Cveni, mTeli, maSin, aseTi, axali, Zveli, saxli, magida, skami, fexi, marto, sadac, albaT.

anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis aqtivobebis Sesaxeb

qvemoT mocemulia efeqturi aqtivobebis banki aso-bgerebis Seswavlis, cnobadi, xSi-ri da sxvadasxva sirTulis sityvis dekodirebis unaris ganviTarebisaTvis. aqtivobe-bi sasargebloa sityvebsa da aso-bgerebze regularuli varjiSisTvis, rac gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxvis erT-erTi aucilebeli winapirobaa. aqtivobebi ZiriTadad pirvel klasSi gamoiyeneba, Tumca Tu zeda klasebSi diagnostikurma testirebam sityvebis wa-kiTxvis problema gamoavlina, maTi Catareba SeiZleba moswavleTa nawilTan diferenci-rebuli midgomiT.

mocemuli TamaSebi da savarjiSoebi imgvarad aris dagegmili, rom maT warmarTvas mi-nimaluri momzadeba da resursi esaWiroeba. aqtivobebi sxvadasxva mizniT gamoiyeneba: axali sityvebis/aso-bgerebis Sesaswavlad, adre naswavli sityvebis/aso-bgerebis gasa-meoreblad, moswavleTa leqsikuri maragis gasamdidreblad da/an araformalurad gada-samowmeblad. maTi nawili SeiZleba Catardes saklaso oTaxis gareTac, eqskursiebsa da sxva RonisZiebebze.

mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma xSirad cvalos TamaSebi da savarjiSoebi. patarebis-Tvis damRlelia yoveldRiurad da yovelkvireulad erTi da imave aqtivobebis Sesru-leba. TamaSis/aqtivobis dawyebamde sasargebloa misi modelireba, raTa bavSvebma gaigon, Tu ra unda gaakeTon da rogor. am mizniT efeqturad gamoiyeneba gaTvalsaCinoebisa da xmamaRla fiqris meTodebi. SesaZlebelia am aqtivobebis modificireba, ganvrcoba an sinTezireba saswavlo miznebisa da saWiroebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. maswavlebels SeuZlia Tavadac Seqmnas msgavsi aqtivobebi da gauziaros isini kolegebs.

anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis aqtivobebi Semdegnairadaa ganawilebuli:

1. xuTi sabaziso meTodi;

2. aso-bgerebis Sesaswavli aqtivobebi (baraTebiTa da maT gareSe);

3. sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis aqtivobebi (baraTebiTa da maT gareSe).

aqtivobebis numeracia pirobiTia da ar gulisxmobs, rom maswavlebelma maTi gamoyenebi-sas raime rigiToba unda daicvas (mag., jer sityvebis aqtivobebi, Semdeg _ aso-bgeraTa an piriqiT.). maswavlebelma sagakveTilo miznebisa da moswavleTa SesaZleblobebis/intere-sebis gaTvaliswinebiT xSirad unda cvalos maTi Tanmimdevroba (mag., erToblivi weris procesSi CarTos aqtivobebi sityvebis/asoebis baraTebis gamoyenebiT. baraTebze unda

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eweros swored is sityvebi/asoebi, romlebic erToblivi weris dros Seqmnil teqstSia gamoyenebuli.).

aqtivobebis Casatareblad sxvadasxva tipisa da zomis (didi an patara) baraTebia saWiro, kerZod:

• aso-bgeris baraTebi;

• baraTebi mxolod suraTebiT (suraTiani baraTebi);

• baraTebi suraTebiTa da sityvebiT (ormagi baraTebi);

• baraTebi mxolod sityvebiT (sityvis baraTebi).

vinaidan aso-bgerisa da sityvis baraTebis damzadeba advilia da did xarjs ar moiTxovs, SesaZlebelia, rom maswavleblebma Tavadac Seqmnan isini.

ZiriTadi meToduri rekomendaciebi baraTebiT muSaobisTvis

• iTamaSeT sityvebiT. TamaSiT swavlis dros bavSvebi did warmatebebs aRweven. sityvebiT TamaSi saukeTeso Sedegebs iZleva!

• arasodes dagaviwydeT, rom cnobadi da xSiri sityvebis baraTebiT mniSvnelovan mizans vaRwevT: bavSvs did nabijebs vadgmevinebT gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxvisken da gageba-gaazrebisken.

• bavSvis sakuTari saxeli saukeTeso resursia kiTxvisa da weris sawyisi unarebis gasaviTareblad. CaatareT iseTi TamaSebi da aqtivobebi, romlebic bavSis mier sakuTari saxelis dekodirebas an daweras moiTxovs.

• gamoiyeneT sityvis baraTebi yoveldRiurad. regularuli varjiSi kargad ganamtkicebs sityvebis avtomaturad cnobis unars.

• periodulad mieciT bavSvebs SesaZlebloba, rom TviTon moifiqron sityvebze TamaSebi an maTi variaciebi. magaliTad, sTxoveT TviTon SemogTavazon, ra niSniT daajgufoT an moZebnoT sityvebi.

• periodulad mianiWeT bavSvebs maswavleblis roli. sTxoveT gauZRvnen sityvebis aqtivobebs da TamaSebs. Tqven darwmundebiT, rom aseT midgomas saukeTeso Sedegi moaqvs.


moswavleebisTvis, romelTaTvisac qarTuli mSobliuri ena araa, am TavSi warmodgenili aqtivobebis gamoyeneba saWiroa meore da mesame klasebSic. zogadadac, meore-meoTxe klasebSi sityvis baraTebis gamoyenebaze dafuZnebuli aqtivobebis Catareba sasurvelia axali an rTuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT. agreTve:

• asoebisa da sityvebis swavlebisTvis gamoiyeneT avTenturi konteqsti. swavleba daafuZneT realur nivTebsa da sagnebze, komunikaciur situaciebze.

• gamoiyeneT Tematur sasaubro posterebze asaxuli sityvebi.

• moswavles unda esmodes TiToeuli sityvis mniSvneloba, romelic gamoiyeneba anbanisa da sityvebis swavlebisas. es sityvebi damuSavebuli unda iyos zepirmety-velebaSic _ moswavles unda SeeZlos maTi sworad aRqma da warmoTqma.

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• nebismieri aqtivoba daafuZneT Tqveni moswavleebis leqsikur da enobriv kompe-tenciebze. ar SegaSinoT iman, rom zogierTi aqtivobis Catarebisas moswavleebma qarTul enaze SeiZleba ver SemogTavazon vrceli, Sinaarsiani da gamonaTqvamebi.

• ar mogeridoT ucnobi leqsikuri erTeulebisa da enobrivi konstruqciebis zo-mierad, mizanmimarTulad gamoyeneba.

• uxvad mimarTeT ilustrirebas, ar daizaroT demonstrirebebi.

• iTanamSromleT mSobliuri enis maswavlebelTan. sTxoveT, mSobliuri enis gakve-Tilze daamuSaon is Tematika (magaliTad, wiTelqudas ambavi andac kombles zRapa-ri), romlis `gavlasac~ Tqven apirebT momaval kviras.

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anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis meTodebi/aqtivobebi

xuTi sabaziso meTodi

saCvenebeli samodelo kiTxva


saCvenebeli kiTxva (maswavleblis mier moswavleebisaTvis xmamaRla kiTxva) aris erT-er-Ti yvelaze sasargeblo meTodi, romelic maswavlebelma SeiZleba gamoiyenos moswa-vleTa wignierebis ganviTarebisaTvis. rodesac moswavleebi usmenen, rogor kiTxul-obs maswav lebeli xmamaRla, maT uviTardebaT wignierebisaTvis saWiro umniSvnelovanesi unarebi, umaRldebaT kiTxvis motivacia. isini iwyeben imis gaazrebas, rom kiTxva aris axali informaciis mopovebis, swavlisa da siamovnebis miRebis saSualeba. gawafuli, bge-rebis sworad da mkveTrad gamoTqmiT kiTxva amdidrebs msmenelis leqsikons. xmamaRla wakiTxuli wignebis mosmena da maT Sesaxeb saubari moswavleebs uviTarebs zepirmetyve-lebis unars, exmareba gageba-gaazrebis im strategiebis CamoyalibebaSi, romelTa gamo-yeneba maT Tavadac SeuZ liaT kiTxvis dros (mag., mTavari azrisa da damxmare detalebis aRmoCena, vizualizeba, pirad gamocdilebasTan dakavSireba da sxv.). saCvenebeli kiTxvis gamoyenebiT maswavlebeli acnobs moswavleebs sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis struqturas.

saCvenebeli kiTxvis mniSvnelovani nawilia maswavlebelsa da moswavles Soris verbalu-ri interaqcia. maswavleblis komentarebi da SekiTxvebi teqstis wakiTxvamde da wakiTx-vis Semdeg, aseve, periodulad, wakiTxvis procesSi mis mier xmamaRla fiqris meSveobiT kiTxvis sxvadasxva strategiis demonstrireba mniSvnelovnad exmareba moswavleebs te-qstis gageba-gaazrebaSi.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi an mcire jgufi

resursi: moswavleebiscodnisSesabamisidonismxatvruliansainformacioteqsti.

msvlelobasafexuri 1. wasakiTxi wignis/teqstis winaswari mimoxilva. uSualod kiTxvis procesze ga-dasvlamde maswavlebeli gaacnobs moswavleebs wasakiTxi wignis saTaurs, aCvenebs ydas, ilustraciebs da warmarTavs xanmokle saubars moswavleTa molodinebisa da STabeWdi-lebebis Sesaxeb.

safexuri 2. saCvenebeli kiTxva. maswavlebeli kiTxulobs teqsts xmamaRla, mka-fiod, gamometyvelebiT. gzadagza Cerdeba, svams wakiTxul monakveTTan dakav-Sirebul SekiTxvebs, ganmartavs bundovan sityvebsa da frazebs, gamoaTqmevinebs moswavleebs varaudebs da a.S. amgvarad kiTxulobs maswavlebeli mTel teqsts.

SeniSvna: kiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli xelaxla uki-Txavs moswavleebs teqsts, kvlav Cerdeba monakveTebis wakiTxvis Semdeg, cvlis SekiTx-vebs da exmareba moswavleebs, ufro siRrmiseulad daukvirdnen teqstis detalebs.

safexuri 3. wakiTxuli teqstis Sejameba. momdevno etapze moswavleebi gadmoscemen wakiTxuls (xatviT, zepirad an werilobiT, saWiroebis mixedviT). muSaobis dasru-lebis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad saubrobs maT namuSevrebze da SekiTxvebis meSveobiT warmarTavs teqstis Sesaxeb msjelobas/diskusias.

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saCvenebeli kiTxvis roli da mniSvneloba izrdeba qarTulis, rogorc meore enis Semswav-leli patarebisTvis. isini damatebiT sargebels iReben, radgan iviTareben fonologiur unar-Cvevebsac, eCvevian qarTuli enisaTvis damaxasiaTebel intonacias, specifikuri bge-rebis JReradobas, imdidreben leqsikur marags.

am aqtivobis Catarebisas umniSvnelovanesia sami ram: 1. adekvaturi sirTulis teqsti; 2. mkafio, metyveli ilustraciebi; 3. gamomsaxvelobiTi da saTanado mimika-JestikulaciiT wakiTxva.

ar unda SeizRudos moswavleTa mier mosazrebebis gamoTqma, emociebis gamomJRavneba da komentarebis gakeTeba mSobliur enaze. metic, maswavlebelma saSualeba unda misces „mimx-vedr“ moswavleebs saWiro ganmartebebic gaakeTon mSobliur enaze.

garda martivi eniT dawerili teqstebisa, SesaZlebelia moswavleTaTvis ukve nacnobi (ojaxi-dan, mSobliuri enis gakveTilebidan da sxv.) zRaprebisa da ambebis adaptirebuli versiebis wakiTxva. magaliTad, yvelasaTvis nacnobi „wiTelqudas“ teqstis adaptireba, Semokleba.

saCvenebeli/samodelo wera


saCvenebeli weris gamoyenebiT maswavlebeli mTeli klasis winaSe axdens weris romelime konkretuli aspeqtis demonstrirebas da yu-radRebas amaxvilebs teqstis Janrze, format-ze, struqturaze da sxv. meTodi aqtiurad ga-moiyeneba manam, sanam moswavleebi gaiwafebian weris strategiebis gamoyenebaSi da SeZleben damoukideblad weras. maswavlebeli winaswar geg mavs weris process moswavleTa saWiroebebi-dan gamomdinare. teqsti, romelic maswavlebel-ma dafaze/formatze unda daweros saCvenebeli weris dros, gakveTilzeve iqmneba bavSvebisa da maswavleblis mier. mniSvnelovania, rom teqstis Tematika iyos moswavleebisTvis avTenturi, eyrdnobodes maT winare codnasa da gamoc-dilebas, raTa bavSvebs gauadvildeT Seqmnis procesSi CarTva. maswavlebels mwerlis roli aqvs morgebuli. igi xmamaRla fiqris meSveobiT axdens im nabijebis demonstri-rebas, romelTac avtori gadis weris procesSi (mag., ideebis generireba, fiqrebisa da emociebis gadmocemisaTvis Sesaferisi formis SerCeva, winare codnis gaaqtiureba da sxv.). weris dros ama Tu im sityvis sworad SerCevisas, gramatikis/marTlweris wesebis gamoyenebisas maswavlebeli xmamaRla fiqriT ganmartavs Tavis qmedebebs. weris proces-Si igi aqtiurad iyenebs saklaso resusebs (sityvebis kedeli, leqsikoni da sxv.)

maswavlebelze dakvirvebisas moswavleebi acnobiereben, rom mwerlebmac SeiZleba dauS-van Secdomebi, rom weris procesSi namuSevari SeiZleba araerTxel Seicvalos da/an Caswordes.

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sasurvelia, saCvenebeli wera gakveTilis yoveldRiur, 10-wuTian nawils Seadgendes. misi gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia moswavleebTan 5-6 wlis asakidan da zeviT.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi

resursi: dafa da carci/didformatiani qaRaldi da markeri.

msvleloba

safexuri 1. weris miznis gacnoba. maswavlebeli gaacnobs moswavleebs, Tu ris Sesaxeb mouwevT maT wera (mag., sayidlebis siis Sedgena).

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebels SeuZlia SearCios ufro martivi Tema, mag., `Cveni klasi~.

safexuri 2. winare codnis gaaqtiureba. maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, gamoTqvan mo-sazrebebi dasaxelebul TemasTan dakavSirebiT (mag., rogor adgenen maTi mSoblebi sa-yidlebis sias, ras yiduloben sxvadasxva maRaziaSi da a.S.).

rogoria Cveni saklaso oTaxi, ra dgas aq, ramdeni gogoa da ramdeni biWi da a.S.

safexuri 3. saCvenebeli wera. maswavlebeli wers teqsts dafaze, gzadagza xmamaRla fiq-ris meSveobiT aRwers weris process da ganmartavs, rogor unda SearCios dasawyisisa da dasasrulis winadadebebi an esa Tu is sityva, rogor unda iyos teqsti struqtu-rirebuli (mag., rogor unda Sedges sayidlebis sia, raSi exmareba am siis Camowera, ra produqtebi unda iyidos amjerad da sxv.).

ramdeni moswavlea, ra feris kedlebia, ra Cans fanjridan da sxv.

safexuri 4. teqstis gadaxedva/redaqtireba. maswavlebeli xmamaRla kiTxulobs teqsts, raTa Caasworos Secdomebi, Seavsos an amoiRos zedmeti monakveTebi, gzadagza xmamaRla fiqris meSveobiT ganmartavs Tavis nabijebs.

safexuri 5. gaziareba/prezentacia. maswavlebeli dakidebs teqsts TvalsaCino adgilas, raTa moswavleebs hqondeT misi wakiTxvis saSualeba.


qarTulis, rogorc meore enis gakveTilze kargi iqneba, Tu erTi da igive Tematika da te-qstic ki ramdenjerme gameordeba. anu maswavlebeli, magaliTad, teqsts „Cveni klasi“ erTi an ori kviris Semdeg meoredac dawers. meore enis SemswavlelebisTvis meored Tvalyuris devneba gacilebiT „orientirebuli“ da informaciuli iqneba. amasTan, SesaZloa, garkveu-li Sedarebis saSualebac warmoiqmnas, Tu meore teqstis dawerisas gansxvavebuli situa-cia iqneba saklaso oTaxSi (magaliTad, dgas ara 12, aramed 13 merxi.).

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erToblivi kiTxva saukeTeso meTodia gawafuli kiTxvis sabaziso unarebis gasaviTareb-lad, rac xels uwyobs teqstebis Segnebulad wakiTxvas. es aris damwyeb mkiTxvelebTan samuSao meTodi, romelic ori ZiriTadi nawilisgan Sedgeba. pirvel nawilSi maswavlebeli saCvenebeli kiTxviT acnobs teqsts moswavleebs, xolo meore nawilSi kiTxvis procesSi moswavleebic erTvebian. sasurvelia, rom maswavlebelma gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba mianiWos am meTodis sistematur gamoyenebas. erToblivi kiTxvisaTvis gamoiyeneba ro-gorc mxatvruli, ise sainformacio tipis teqstebi. Zalze mniSvnelovania, rom teqstebi iyos moswavleTa SesaZleblobebis Sesabamisi sirTulis, raTa bavSvebSi demotivacia da imedgacrueba ar gamoiwvios.

muSaobis forma: mcire jgufebi, mTeli klasi

resursi: didi wigni/didformatian qaRaldze, posterze an dafaze didi asoebiT dawe-rili teqsti/proeqtoriT gaSvebuli eleqtronuli wigni.

msvleloba

safexuri 1. wignisa da ilustraciebis winaswari mimoxilva. maswavlebeli warudgens moswavleebs wigns (teqsts), gaacnobs saTaursa da avtors, mimoixilavs ydasa da wignSi arsebul ilustraciebs. moswavleebi gamoTqvamen varaudebs, Tu ris Sesaxeb SeiZleba iyos teqsti. SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma winaswar gaacnos bavSvebs teqstSi arsebuli ucnobi leqsikuri erTeulebi, gamoaTqmevinos maTi mniSvnelobebis Sesaxeb varaudebi da maTi pasuxebi CainiSnos dafaze, mogvianebiT ki moswavleebi miabrunos sityvebis ganmar-tebebTan da daexmaros maT, konteqsturi gasaRebebis meSveobiT daadginon/gadaamowmon sityvebis mniSvnelobebi.

safexuri 2. saCvenebeli kiTxva. maswavlebeli saCvenebeli kiTxvis meTodis gamoyenebiT xmamaRla da mkafiod ramdenjerme ukiTxavs moswavleebs teqsts da kiTxvisas xels gaa-yolebs sityvebs.

safexuri 3. erToblivi kiTxva _ moswavle da maswavlebeli. maswavleblis mier saCvenebeli wakiTxvis Semdeg moswavleebi mas gundurad ahyvebian im sityvebisa da frazebis wakiTxvisas, romelTac ukve cnoben. maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad xmamaRla kiTxulobs teqsts.

safexuri 4. erToblivi kiTxva damoukideblad. moswavleebi erToblivad, maswavleblis Ca-revis gareSe kiTxuloben teqsts (zogjer maswavlebeli xels gaayolebs wasakiTx sity-vebs).

mniSvnelovania, rom es aqtivoba ramdenjerme gameordes, oRond imgvarad, rom moswa-vleebisTvis saxaliso iyos. amisaTvis maswavlebelma martivi, saxaliso maxasiaTeblebiT unda SearCios mkiTxvelebi yoveli momdevno wakiTxvisas (mag., waikiTxon maT, visac uy-vars Sokoladi; maT, visac aqvT yavisferi Tvalebi da sxv.).

safexuri 5. ganvrcobis aqtivobebi. moswavleebi asruleben mravalferovan davalebebs teqstis garSemo. es SeiZleba iyos sayvareli monakveTis an konkretuli abzacis ilus-trireba, `damaluli~ sityvebis gaxseneba konteqstis mixedviT, areuli winadadebebisa da sityvebis dalageba da sxv.

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erToblivi kiTxvis variaciebi

gunduri kiTxva: maswavlebeli da moswavleebi erTad kiTxuloben teqsts. kiTxvis pro-cesSi maswavlebeli xelis/joxis gamoyenebiT miuTiTebs wasakiTx sityvebs.

eqos tipis kiTxva: maswavlebeli kiTxulobs erT winadadebas. Semdeg moswavleebi erTx-mad kiTxuloben maswavleblis mier wakiTxuls. amgvarad ikiTxeba mTeli teqsti.

qoros tipis kiTxva: maswavlebeli klass yofs or gundad. teqstis erT winadadebas ki-Txulobs erTi gundi, momdevno winadadebas – meore gundi. amgvarad, qoros principiT, ikiTxeba mTeli teqsti.

rekomendaciebi didi wignis SeqmnisTvis• aiReT mcire zomis teqsti da dayaviT nawilebad (4-6 nawili);

• teqsti SeiZleba iyos erToblivi weris procesSi SeTxzuli, cnobili adaptirebuli zRapari, Tqven mier SeTxzuli ambavi;

• SeqmeniT wignis yda. daxateT masze sakvanZo ilustracia, romelic saSualebas miscems patarebs gamoTqvan varaudebi wignis Sinaarsis Sesaxeb. daawereT saTauri da avtori. kargi iqneba Tu gamocemis wels da `gamomcemlobasac~ miuTiTebT;

• wignis TiToeul ganSlaze unda iyos ilustracia da teqsti. gaiTvaliswinT, asoebis zoma unda iyos daaxloebiT 6-8 sm, saklaso oTaxis bolodanac rom advilad ikiTxebodes;

• sasurvelia, teqsti ar iyos gadatvirTuli rTuli sityvebiTa da grZeli winadadebebiT. kargi iqneba, Tu gamoyenebuli iqneba xSiri da cnobadi sityvebi, Sorisdebulebi, asoTa dublirebebi (mag., Cuuuu! frrrrrr!);

• yuradReba miaqcieT asoebsa da sityvebs Soris daSorebebs da asoebis moxazulobas, rom teqsti TvalisTvisac advilad aRsaqmeli iyos.

erToblivi wera


erToblivi wera weris swavlebis erT-erTi yvelaze efeqturi meTodia. es aris Suale-duri rgoli saCvenebel werasa (maswavleblis mier weris modelireba) da moswavlis mier damoukideblad weras Soris. erToblivi weris procesSi maswavlebeli akvirdeba moswavleebs da iTvaliswinebs, Tu ra saxis daxmareba esaWiroeba TiToeul bavSvs weris unaris gasaumjobeseblad.

maswavlebeli dafaze/formatze wers teqsts da, amave dros, moswavleebs aqtiurad rTavs rogorc uSualod weris procesSi, aseve teqstis SedgenasTan dakavSirebul diskusiaSi. mniSvnelovania, maswavlebelma winaswar gansazRvros da moswavleebs gaacnos weriTi aq-tivobis mizani, es bavSvebs procesSi CarTvis ukeTes SesaZleblobas miscems da maT motivacias gazrdis (mag., statia saklaso gazeTisaTvis; wesebi axali TamaSisaTvis; saxu-maro ambavi; sainformacio teqsti da sxv.).

calke unda iTqvas weris dros bavSvebis mier daSvebul Secdomebze reagirebis Sesaxeb. mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma Tavad ki ar Seasworos es Secdomebi, aramed SekiTxvebis saSualebiT mianiSnos moswavles da misces Secdomis damoukideblad gamosworebis saSualeba.

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muSaobis forma: jgufebi, mTeli klasi

resursi: dafa da carci/formati da markeri

msvleloba

safexuri 1. winare codnis gaaqtiureba. saweri Temis erToblivi SerCeva. weris dawyebamde maswavlebeli da moswavleebi saubroben da SearCeven sakiTxs, romlis Sesaxebac surT wera. maswavlebeli ganavrcobs bavSvebis zogad/fonur codnas da aseve enobriv codnas maTTvis saintereso TemasTan an gamocdilebasTan dakavSirebiT.

safexuri 2. maswavlebeli Tavad wers mTel teqsts dafaze/formatze moswavleebis Tvalwin da, amave dros, sTxovs bavSvebs, monawileoba miiRon weris procesSi. magali-Tad, zogierT moswavles wertils daasmevinebs, zogs ama Tu im sityvis an saTauris ad-gilmdebareobas SearCevinebs, zogierTs asos daawerinebs, zogs – mTlian sityvas, zogierTs ki sTxovs winadadebis ganvrcobasa Tu SemoklebaSi daxmarebas.

safexuri 3. teqstis wakiTxva da Secdomebis Casworeba. weris procesis dasrulebamde maswa-vlebeli periodulad Tavidan gadaukiTxavs teqsts moswavleebs, riTac weris erT-erTi mniSvnelovani strategiis modelirebasac ake-Tebs maTTvis. am procesSi is moswavleebs eki-Txeba, ramdenad sworadaa gadmocemuli teqstis Sinaarsi, ramdenad gamarTulia winadadebebi, ra unda daiweros Semdeg da a.S. amave dros, maswa-vlebeli SekiTxvebisa Tu miniSnebebis, e.w. `xa-raCoebis~ meSveobiT exmareba moswavleebs Sec-domebis gasworebaSi.

safexuri 4. Sejameba. weris dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli ukiTxavs dasrulebul moTxrobas moswavleebs da aZlevs maT SesaZleblo-bas, zepirad Seajamon teqsti, isaubron, erTi mxriv, ra Seityves axali im Temis Sesaxeb, razec werdnen, meore mxriv ki, ra iswavles uSualod weris procesis Sesaxeb.

sasurvelia, teqsti gamoifinos saklaso oTaxSi da moswavleebs hqondeT saSualeba, Sem-degi ramdenime dRis/kviris ganmavlobaSi ikiTxon da gamoiyenon igi.

enobrivi praqtika anu `maswavlebeli _ kalami~


enobrivi praqtikis meTodi aris wignierebis unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebis efeqturi saSua-leba, romelic erTdroulad aviTarebs yvela enobriv unars: zepirmetyvelebas, kiTx-vasa da weras. meTodis mixedviT maswavlebeli dafaze TvalsaCinod wers moswavleebis mier mofiqrebul teqsts, romelsac Semdeg erToblivad amuSaveben. amrigad, igi oTxi sabaziso meTodis (saCvenebeli kiTxva, saCvenebeli wera, erToblivi kiTxva, erToblivi wera) erTgvar nazavs warmoadgens.

meTodis sasargeblo Sedegebs Soris erT-erTi umTavresia nafiqrsa da dawerils Soris kavSiris gabma, aseve, teqstis ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebis gaazreba, rac moswavles exmare-ba, gaacnobieros komunikaciis sakvanZo aspeqtebi. kerZod:

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rasac vfiqrobT, SeiZleba gamoiTqvas.

rasac vambobT, SeiZleba daiweros.

rac dawerilia, SeiZleba wavikiTxoT.

me SemiZlia wavikiTxo is, rac TviTon davwere da, agreTve, isic, rac sxvam dawera CemTvis wasakiTxad.

enobrivi praqtikis gakveTili moswavleebis mier maswavleblis daxmarebiT Sedgenil teqsts efuZneba. aseTi teqstebi saukeTesoa patara mkiTxvelebis gaaqtiurebisaTvis. moswavleebi Tanaavtoris rols asruleben, Sesabamisad, teqsti nacnob leqsikur erTeu-lebs Seicavs da advili gasagebia bavSvebisTvis, rac zrdis maT motivacias.

enobrivi praqtika efeqtianad gamoiyeneba winasaanbano periodidanve, 5-6 wlis asakidan, rodesac moswavleebs ukve gamomuSavebuli aqvT metyvelebis unarebi da iwyeben wera-ki-Txvis swavlas. meTodi gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis Sesaqmnelad. damwyebi mkiTxvelebi ecnobian teqstis iseT maxasiaTeblebs, rogorebicaa, mag., saTauri, abzaci, striqoni da a.S. imavdroulad, moswavleebs uviTardebaT fantazia, informaciis stru-qturirebisa da Txzvis unarebi.

sawyis etapze maswavlebels SeuZlia, enobrivi praqtikis meTodi kargad gamoiyenos sxva-dasxva funqciiT, magaliTad, saganTa klasifikaciisTvis, martivi sainformacio teqstis Sesaqmnelad. III-IV klasebSi enobrivi praqtika SeiZleba gamoviyenoT marTlwerisa da gra-matikis swavlebisaTvisac, aseve, problemur mkiTxvelebTan muSaobisas.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi an erTi jgufi

resursi: dafa da carci/didformatiani qaRaldi da markeri, sasurvelia TvalsaCinoeba.

msvleloba

safexuri 1. Temis SerCeva da mimoxilva. maswavlebeli SesTavazebs bavSvebs maTTvis sain-tereso Temas da eubneba, rom male isini am Temaze teqsts/ambavs/moTxrobas daweren. maswavlebeli uZRveba moswavleTa saubars SerCeul Temaze. maswavlebels SeuZlia:

• asaubros bavSvebi saintereso saklaso an klasis gareT gamarTuli aqtivobis Sesaxeb. es SeiZleba iyos ezoSi TamaSi, eqskursia, xelsaqme, naxatebis daTvaliereba da sxva;

• sasaubro masalad gamoiyenos vizualuri masala _ posterebi, fotoebi, saxelmZRvaneloSi an sabavSo JurnalSi mocemuli suraTebi, saTamaSoebi, nivTebi da sxva;

• gamoiyenos sasaubro Temad is sityva, romelic saxelmZRvaneloSia mocemu-li konkretuli aso-bgeris Seswavlis mizniT. magaliTad, Tu bavSvebi swavloben aso-bgera `z~-s, maswavlebels SeuZlia, enobrivi praqtikis Temad airCios `Tevzi~. SesaZlebelia, saubarSi saxelmZRvanelos teqstidan erTi-ori iseTi sityvis Semo-tanac, romlebsac bavSvebi teqstis Sedgenis dros gamoiyeneben (mag., `zvigeni~).

safexuri 2. teqstis Seqmna. maswavlebeli cdilobs gaaaqtiuros moswavleTa diskusia. igi TvalsaCinod wers moswavleebis mier gamoTqmul winadadebebs dafaze an did qaRaldze ise, rom gamovides moTxroba/teqsti.

sasurvelia, maswavlebelma winadadebebis Cawerisas gamoiyenos erToblivi weris meTo-di da bavSvebic CarTos teqstis weris procesSi. magaliTad, zogierT moswavles wertili daasmevinos, zogs ama Tu im sityvis an saTauris adgilmdebareoba SearCevinos, zogierTs aso an mTliani sityva daawerinos.

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SeniSvna: zogjer moswavleebs uWirT dasaweri teqstis-Tvis saTauris mofiqreba. maswavlebels SeuZlia Tavad SesTa vazos sakuTari versia an ise warmarTos diskusia, rom bavSvebi TviTonve mividnen `sasurvel~ saTauramde.

safexuri 3. wakiTxva. maswavlebeli xmamaRla, xelis ga-yolebiT waukiTxavs bavSvebs erToblivad Seqmnil mo-Txrobas/teqsts. Semdeg moswavleebi maswavlebelTan erTad xmamaRla gundurad kiTxuloben teqsts da sau-broben Sinaarsis Sesaxeb. bavSvebi kiTxuloben teqsts erToblivi kiTxvis variaciebis gamoyenebiT (ix. meTodi #3). SesaZlebelia, moswavleebma mcire jgufebSi an da-moukidebladac scadon wakiTxva.

SeniSvna: zogjer SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma moswa-vleebis daxmarebiT daweros gadamuSavebuli versia. ami-saTvis is ekiTxeba bavSvebs, surT Tu ara teqstSi cvli-lebebis Setana.

safexuri 4. teqstis daSla da awyoba. bavSvebi wyvilebSi an individualurad Slian teqsts winadadebebad, winadadebebs – sityvebad. winadadebebis daSlisa da awyobisaTvis iyeneben zolebad daWril furclebs, romlebzec teqstis Semadgeneli winadadebebi da sityve-bia dawerili. SesaZlebelia calkeul cnobad sityvebze, marcvlebze da anbanis asoebze mravalferovani praqtikuli savarjiSoebis Sesruleba.

mniSvnelovania, rom bavSvebis mier Seqmnili teqsti maswavlebelma Semdgom gakveTile-bzec aqtiurad gamoiyenos sxvadasxva mizniT (magaliTad, sityvebis amocnoba, teqstSi asoebisa da marcvlebis identificireba, sityvebisa da winadadebebis gadawera...). ar aris aucilebeli, es meore dResve moxdes, SesaZlebelia, maswavlebeli ramdenimedRiani intervalis Semdeg daubrundes imave teqsts, raTa moswavleebs mieceT teqstTan damou-kideblad muSaobis saSualeba da gaumyardeT SeZenili/gavarjiSebuli unarebi.

safexuri 5. ganvrcobis aqtivobebi. moswavleebi asruleben mravalferovan davalebebs teqstis gamoyenebiT. es SeiZleba iyos ilustrireba, SekiTxvebis dasma, wignis damzadeba da sxv.

enobrivipraqtikismeTo-diTSeqmniliteqsti

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anbanis swavlebis aqtivobebi

asoebis dalageba


am meTodiT muSaobisas moswavleebi aqtiurad iyeneben fonologiur unarebs, kerZod, bgerebad daSlis unars ukavSireben anbanis (aso-bgerebis) codnas.

resursi: suraTiani baraTebi; asoebiani baraTebi, romlebic saWiroa suraTze gamosaxu-li sagnis/mcenaris/cxovelis da a. S. asawyobad.

msvleloba

dafaze gakrulia puris suraTi. iqve areulad aris damagrebuli asoebis baraTebi [p], [u], [r], [i].

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maswavlebeli: `elene, ra bgerebia sityvaSi `puri~?

elene: `p-u-r-i.~

maswavlebeli: `modi, Sen kidev warmoTqvi bgerebi. me asoebs davalageb.~

elene: `p-u-r-i.~

TiToeuli bgeris warmoTqmisas maswavlebeli TiTo asos gadaitans suraTis marjvena mxares.

p iru maswavlebeli: `elene, axla Sen gaakeTe igive sityvaze `bali~.

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anbanis loto


moswavleebi varjiSoben aso-bgerebis sworad da swrafad amocnobaSi.

meTodis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi:

• ganimtkiceben anbanis codnas;

• ganiviTareben asos Sesabamis bgerasTan dakavSirebis unars;

• gaiaqtiureben dekodirebis unars.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi

resursi: boTlis Tavsaxurebze/baraTebze dawerili asoebi

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli polieTilenis boTlis Tavsaxurebis Sida mxares wers aso-bgerebs. TiTeul TavsaxurSi unda eweros TiTo aso. resursis uqonlobis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia asoebi daiweros baraTebzec (TiTo aso TiTo baraTze).

• maswavlebeli A4 zomis furcels dayofs 9 tol nawilad. TiToeul ujredSi Cawers TiTo aso-bgeras areuli TanmimdevrobiT.

• maswavlebeli furclebs daurigebs TamaSis monawileebs. aqtivobis wyvilebSi warmarTvis SemTxvevaSi TiTo furceli Sexvdeba moswavleTa wyvils.

• maswavlebeli Cayris boTlis Tavsaxurebs/baraTebs tomaraSi an yuTSi.

• maswavlebelma an wamyvanis rolis Semsrulebelma erT-erTma moswavlem rigrigobiT unda amoiRos Tavsaxurebi/baraTebi tomridan, xmamaRla warmoTqvas aso-bgera da uCvenos monawileebs.

• monawile moswavleebi akvirdebian TavianT furclebs. Tu tomridan amoRebuli aso maT furcelzec aRmoCnda, moswavlem mas kenWi/niJara an raime patara nivTi unda daados.

• vis dafazec pirvelad daemTxveva mwkrivSi sami aso _ horizontalurad, vertikalurad an diagonalze, daiyvirebs: `bingo!~, amoikiTxavs asoebs da yvela darwmundeba, rom asoebi marTlac daemTxva.

• Tuki moswavlis baraTze yvela aso moiniSneba, man unda daiZaxos sityva `superbingo~.

• amis Semdeg gamarjvebuli xdeba wamyvani, isev agrovebs boTlis Tavsaxurebs/asoebis baraTebs, tomaraSi yris da TamaSi Tavidan iwyeba.

anbanis furclebi


moswavleebi moifiqreben da Seagroveben sityvebs aso-bgerebze. aqtivoba ar moicavs mxolod erT an ramdenime gakveTils. maswavlebels SeuZlia igi mini saswavlo proeqtad gadaaqcios da misi xangrZlivoba saanbano periodis bolomde gazardos.

meTodis daxmarebiT moswavleebi:

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• gaimdidreben leqsikur marags;

• ganiviTareben asos Sesabamis bgerasTan dakavSirebis unars.

muSaobis forma: individualuri.

resursi: feradi fanqrebi, Jurnal-gazeTebi, plastelini, makrateli, garemoSi arsebu-li sagnebi, webo, `skotCi~, furceli (SesaZlebelia specialurad damzadebuli anbanis furclis gamoyenebac. ix. danarTi)

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli urigebs moswavleebs Tabaxis/saxatav furclebs da sTxovs, rom daweron axlad Seswavlili aso-bgera da moifiqron masze dawyebuli ramdenime sityva. moswavleebs SeuZliaT: a) daxaton sagani; b) gamoZerwon da daakran furcelze; g) maswavleblis mier winaswar momzadebul Jurnal-gazeTebSi moZebnon da amoWran sasurvel aso-bgeraze dawyebuli sityvis gamosaxuleba; d) skolis ezoSi/saklaso oTaxSi moiZion Sesabamisi sagani da daawebon furcelze (mag., f _ foToli, q-qva, t-toti, c-carci da sxv.).

• davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg msurveli moswavleebi waradgenen TavianT namuSevrebs klasis winaSe.

• ànbanis furclis~ meore gverdze moswavleebi etapobrivad miamateben konkretul aso-bgeraze dawyebul axalSeswavlil sityvebs.

SeniSvna: mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi daagroveben ànbanis furclebis~ garkveul raodenobas, maswavlebels SeuZlia moswavleebs ramdenime forma SesTavazos maTi namuSevrebis gamosafenad: a) wignebad akinZva; b) furclebis sigrZeze gadabma da ànbanis kedlis~ gakeTeba; g) TiTo aso-bgeraze klasSi dagrovil namuSevrebs Soris saukeTeso naSromis SerCeva Tavad moswavleebis mier da ànbanis gamofenis~ mowyoba (aucilebelia, rom SeirCes yvela bavSvis TiTo namuSevari mainc).

anbanis maZieblebi


moswavleebi moifiqreben sityvebs maswavleblis mier dasaxelebul aso-bgerebze da xataven Sesabamis sagnebs. aqtivoba tardeba mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi daeuflebian, sul mcire, 7-8 aso-bgeras.

meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi:


• ganiviTareben dekodirebis unars;

• gaimdidreben leqsikur marags.


resursi: feradi fanqrebi, furclebi

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dafaze Camowers Seswavlil asoebs da sTxovs moswavleebs, rom

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rac SeiZleba swrafad gaixsenon am aso-bgerebze dawyebuli sagnebi. moswavleebs SeuZliaT sakuTar nivTebs Soris an saklaso garemoSi moZebnon am aso-bgerebze dawyebuli sagnebi, xolo Tu ver ipovian, moifiqron da daxaton. TiTo aso-bgeraze SeiZleba mxolod erTi sagnis moZieba an daxatva. davalebis Sesasruleblad mos-wavleebs eZlevaT 5 wuTi.

• drois amowurvis Semdeg maswavlebeli TanmimdevrobiT dausaxelebs moswavleebs aso-bgerebs da sTxovs maT, rom aCvenon am aso-bgeraze dawyebuli sagani an naxati. mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma waaxalisos gansxvavebuli sityvebis maZiebeli moswavleebi.

mzareulobana


moswavleebi `gamoacxoben~ sityvebs asoebis patara baraTebiT.




• gaiaqtiureben sityvebis verbaluri da vizualuri xatis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebis unars.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, mcire jgufebi.

resursi: markeri, muyao/furclebi, jami da kovzi, qaRaldis an plastmasis TefSi, saTa-maSo fuli.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar Camowers muyaoze an furcelze anbanis yvela aso-bgeras erTmaneTisgan daaxloebiT ori TiTis intervalis daSorebiT (SesaZlebelia am procesSi moswavleebis CarTvac). Semdeg ki daWris maT patara kvadratebad. mniSvnelovania, rom xuTive xmovani minimum or-or firfitaze mainc eweros.

• maswavlebeli eubneba moswavleebs, rom dRes isini iTamaSeben mzareulobanas anu eqnebaT sacxobi da gamoacxoben~ gemriel~ sityvebs. fqvilisa da Saqris magivrad ki gamoiyeneben aso-bgerebis baraTebs.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom erTad Seadginon meniu da Camoweron, romeli sityvebis gamocxoba~ SeuZliaT (Tu moswavleebs jer ar aqvT weris unari saTanadod ganviTarebuli, maswavlebeli Tavad Camowers dafaze).

SeniSvna: es SeiZleba iyos erTmarcvliani sityvebi (romelTa didi nawilis Seswavla xdeba winasaanbano periodSive, mag.: xe, tba, mTa, mze, ca, gza, ru, bu, ska, frTa da a.S.), saxelmZR-vanelodan axlad Seswavlili sityvebi, sxvadasxva TemasTan dakavSirebuli sityvebi da sxv.

• maswavlebeli anawilebs rolebs: bavSvebis nawili iqneba `mcxobeli~, nawili _ `myidveli~. `mcxobelebi~ jamSi Cayrian aso-bgerebis baraTebs da kovziT areven. `myidvelebi~ naxaven menius da `SeukveTen~ sxvadasxva sityvis `gamocxobas~. mas Semdeg, rac `mcxobeli~ gaigonebs `SekveTil~ sityvas, man unda aurios `ingredientebi~, Semdeg ki Caixedos jamSi im aso-bgerebis mosaZieblad, romlebic `SekveTil~ sityvaSia. mag., Tuki `SekveTili sityvaa `tye~, bavSvma jamSi unda moZebnos `t~, `y~ da `e~, daawyos isini TefSze da uTxras `myidvels~, rom misi `SekveTa~ mzadaa. Tuki sityva sworad aris dawerili, `myidveli~ gadaixdis

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`safasurs~ da madlobas etyvis mzareuls~. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu myidveli~ sityvaSi Secdomas aRmoaCens, man unda uTxras `mcxobels~, rom es ar aris misi SekveTa da SesaZlebelia daexmaros Secdomis moZebnaSi.

• mogvianebiT moswavleebi gacvlian rolebs.

SeniSvna: aqtivoba efeqturia zepirmetyvelebis unaris gasavarjiSebladac. maswavlebe-li Seaxsenebs bavSvebs, rom maT unda gamoiyenon mimarTvis Tavaziani formebi (mag., `Tu SeiZleba~, `inebeT~, `gemrielad miirTviT~, `gmadlob~, `bodiSs gixdiT~, `kargad brZan-debodeT~ da sxv.).

anbanis buStebi


moswavleebi varjiSoben aso-bgerebis cnobasa da warmoTqmaSi.



• ganiviTareben asos Sesabamis bgerasTan dakavSirebis unars.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, mTeli klasi.

resursi: buStebi (Ria feris), permanentuli markerebi (muqi feris).

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar gaberavs buStebs. TiToeul buStze, sul mcire, or adgilas, rac SeiZleba msxvilad daawers TiTo Seswavlil aso-bgeras permanentuli markeriT. mniSvnelovania, rom bavSvebma advilad dainaxon haerSi agdebul buStze gamosaxuli aso. umjobesia maswavlebelma gamoiyenos Ria feris buStebi da muqi feris markerebi.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs bavSvebs, rom dadgnen wreze. aagdebs buSts haerSi da daiZaxebs masze gamosaxul aso-bgeras. bavSvebma buSti rac SeiZleba didi xniT unda gaaCeron haerSi ise, rom is iataks ar Seexos. vinc buSts xels Seaxebs, Tan unda daiZaxos masze gamosaxuli aso-bgera.

• maswavlebeli mcire intervalebiT daamatebs TiTo buSts da Seaxsenebs bavSvebs, rom unda ama Tu im buStze Sexebisas unda daiZaxon swored masze gamosaxuli aso-bgera.

SeniSvna: aRniSnuli aqtivobis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia mxolod adre naswavli asoe-bis gasaxseneblad, axali aso-bgeris gasacnobad, axlad naswavli aso-bgerebis codnis gansamtkiceblad. aseve SesaZlebelia aso-bgerebi sagangebod SeirCes, raTa bavSvebma SeZlon maTi gamoyenebiT sityvebis Sedgena.

variacialeqsikuri maragis TandaTanobiT gamdidrebasTan erTad maswavlebels SeuZlia sTxo-vos bavSvebs, rom buStze Sexebisas daiZaxon Sesabamisi aso-bgeriT dawyebuli sityva.

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anbani wreSi


am meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi asaxeleben mocemuli asos Sesabamis bgeras da am bgeraze dawyebul sityvas.



• ganiviTareben fonologiur unarebs.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi

resursi: feradi baraTebi anbanis asoebiT (TiTo baraTze TiTo aso), magnitofoni/lep-topi, qudi/tomara.

msvleloba

• moswavleebi sxdebian wreze. maswavlebeli ferad baraTebze daweril asoebs moaTavsebs qudSi an daiWers xelSi ise, rom asoebi ar Candes.

SeniSvna: Tu moswavleebma ar ician anbanis yvela aso-bgera, SesaZlebelia maswavlebelma qudSi/tomaraSi an dastaSi moaTavsos mxolod Seswavlili aso-bgerebi.

• moswavleebi morigeobiT iReben TiTo baraTs, jer asaxeleben asos-bgeras, Semdeg ki masze dawyebul sityvas.

• mas Semdeg, rac yvela moswavle daasaxelebs aso-bgeras, moswavleebi iatakze wriulad awyoben baraTebs. maswavlebeli rTavs musikas (mag., saxaliso ritmul simReras an marSs) an ukravs taSs da moswavleebi iwyeben wreze moZraobas saaTis isris mimarTulebiT.

• maswavlebeli wyvets musikas/taSis dakvras. moswavleebi Cerdebian maT win mdebare baraTTan da asaxeleben am aso-bgeraze dawyebul sityvas. Tu moswavle ver axerxebs sityvis an bgeris dasaxelebas, maswavlebeli sTxovs sxva moswavles, daexmaros megobars.

• maswavlebeli iyenebs ganmaviTarebel Sefasebas da am aqtivobisTvis sagangebod Seqmnil dakvirvebis furcelze moiniSnavs, anbanis romel asos amoicnobs moswavle da romels – vera, SeuZlia Tu ara moswavles asos dakavSireba bgerasTan, konkretul bgeraze sityvis gaxseneba, ramdenad swrafad axerxebs amas da sxv.

SeniSvna: SesaZloa, maswavlebelma cota gaarTulos davaleba da moswavleebs sTxovos iseTi sityvis dasaxeleba, romelic ar iwyeba mocemul aso-bgeraze, magram Seicavs mas.


qarTulis, rogorc meore enis gakveTilze SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos moswavleTa sakuTari saxelebi, ojaxis wevrTa sakuTari saxelebi, maswavlebelTa sakuTari saxelebi, saklaso nivTebis, Sinauri cxovelebis, ferTa aRmniSvneli, cifrTa saxelebi da a. S.

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lurji da wiTeli asoebi


mocemuli meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi maswavleblis mier miTiTebuli sity-vis aso-bgerebiT adgenen axal sityvebs.


• gaiaqtiureben leqsikur marags;

• SeZleben sityvebis Sedarebas asoTa Sedgenilobis mixedviT.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, jgufebi, mTeli klasi (moswavleebi muSaoben individualu-rad).

resursi: dafa da carci/formati da markeri; rveuli/furceli, ori feris fanqari/kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs sityvas da dawers dafaze (mag., sityva `fotoaparati~), Semdeg ki sTxovs moswavleebs, rom am sityvaSi Semavali aso-bgerebis gamoyenebiT Seadginon sxva sityvebi.

• moswavleebi maswavleblis mier winaswar daTqmuli drois ganmavlobaSi Camoweren sityvebs.

• drois amowurvis Semdeg maswavlebeli sTxovs bavSvebs ukarnaxon maT mier mofiqrebuli sityvebi da Camowers dafaze (mag., `foto~, `tirifi~ da a.S.).

• amis Semdeg maswavlebeli dafaze Tavad Camowers im sityvebsac, romelTac erTi an ori gansxvavebuli aso-bgera aqvT Sereuli (mag., `fosta~, `Worfli~ da sxv.).

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, daakvirdnen sityvebs da amoicnon erTnairi da gansxvavebuli asoebi.

• dakvirvebis Semdeg maswavlebeli miuTiTebs moswavleebs, rogor gadaweron sityvebi rveulSi – erTnairi asoebi (anu aso-bgerebi, romlebic `fotoaparatis~ asoebs emTxveva) lurji feriT, gansxvavebuli – wiTliT.

• samuSaos Sesrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad ganaTavsebs sityvebs specialur cxrilSi, romelic dafazea daxazuli da/an moswavleebsac aqvT darigebuli.

fotoaparati

igive asoebi erTi gansxvavebuli aso ori gansxvavebuli aso

foto Jirafi Tafli

torti tomara kompoti

fari farani fanjara

ara parki tarzani

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feradi sityvebi


aqtivobis gamoyenebisas moswavleebi aferadeben sityvebs maTSi Semavali aso-bgerebis mixedviT.


• gaiaqtiureben aso-bgerebis codnas;

• SeZleben sityvebis daxarisxebas asoTa Sedgenilobis mixedviT.


resursi: dafa da carci/formati da markeri; rveuli/furceli, ori feris fanqari/kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli gamoakravs dafaze or asos da TiToeuls Seusabamebs raime fers (mag., x _ wiTeli ferisaa, v _ mwvane).

• Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs SesTavazebs cxrilSi Casmul sityvaTa CamonaT-vals.

ix. nimuSi:

zRarbi saxli xeli

Tagvi Tevzi bayayi

biWi yvavi xmali

• sityvebi, romlebic Seicavs x-s, moswavleebma unda gaaferadon wiTlad, xolo sityvebi, romlebic Seicavs v-s _ mwvaned. zogierTi sityva, romlebic ar Seicavs oridan arc erT asos, moswavleebma unda datovon gauferadeblad.

asoebi gazeTSi


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi sxvadasxva teqstidan amoWrili asoe-bisgan awyoben sityvebs.

am meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi:

• gaiwafebian sityvebis dekodirebaSi;

• gaiaqtiureben Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvili, mcire jgufi.

resursi: Zveli Jurnal-gazeTebi, msxvili SriftiT dabeWdili teqstebi, broSurebi, furceli, webo, makrateli.

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msvleloba

• moswavleebi Zveli Jurnal-gazeTebidan amoWrian calkeul asoebs;

• moswavleebi amoWril asoebs awebeben qaRaldze ise, rom miiRon sityvebi;

• SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma Tavad dausaxelos moswavleebs ramdenime sityva. moswavleebma am sityvebis Sesabamisi asoebi unda moiZion Jurnal-gazeTebSi, amoWran da Seadginon mocemuli sityvebi.

sityvis asoebi gzajvaredinze


moswavleebi weren da kiTxuloben sityvas sxvadasxva kombinaciaSi.

meTodi/aqtivoba moswavleebs exmareba:

• sityvebis amokiTxvis/amocnobis unaris ganviTarebaSi;

• Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnis gaaqtiurebaSi;

• mexsierebis gavarjiSebaSi;

• yuradRebis koncentrirebaSi.


resursi: didi formatis furceli/dafa, markeri/carci.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, SearCion erTi sityva da dafaze an didi formatis qaRaldze daweron sityva zemodan qvemoT;

• moswavleebi gamodian morigeobiT da TiToeul asos horizontalurad miaweren asoebs ise, rom igive (vertikalurad dawerili) sityva miiRon yvela horizontalur xazzec.

mag.:

SeniSvna: SesaZloa, maswavlebelma bavSvebs SesTavazos sityvis daweris gansxvavebuli formac. magaliTad, sityva Camoweron samkuTxedis formiT.

mag.:

T a g v iT a g v i

T a g v i

vi

vv xv x av x a tv x a t av x a t a v

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yiramala da misi variaciebi


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi kiTxuloben sityvebis baraTebze mo-cemul sityvebs, romlebic SemoTavazebulia sxvadasxva formiT (amotrialebuli, mar-jvnidan marcxniv, mxolod Tanxmovnebi da sxv.)

meTodis xSirad gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi moswavleebs gamoumuSavdebaT:

• yuradRebis koncentrirebis unari;

• aso-bgerebis amocnobis unari.

muSaobis forma: jgufuri, individualuri, mTeli klasi.

resursi: teqsti/wigni/ saxelmZRvanelo moswavleTa raodenobis mixedviT.

msvleloba

1. `yiramala~. maswavlebeli kedelze an dafaze sityvis baraTebs Tavdayira daama-grebs. moswavleebma unda waikiTxon (gaSifron) mocemuli sityvebi.

zebra

2. `arabuli~. maswavlebeli baraTze an dafaze ukuRma wers sityvebs (marjvnidan mar-cxniv). moswavleebi cdiloben amoicnon/gaSifron SemoTavazebuli sityva.

i n g i wa t x a Ci T r u b

3. `sityvebi TanxmovnebiT~. maswavlebeli baraTze an dafaze wers sityvas xmovnebis gareSe. bavSvebma unda daasaxelon nagulisxmevi sityva.

W r x lk l m

4. `areuli asoebi~. maswavlebeli dafaze an baraTze sityvis asoebs wers areulad. bavSvebma unda gadaawyon asoebi da sworad warmoTqvan/aawyon sityva.1

l a m i m af i n a f a r

1 pirvel jerze kargi iqneba TviTon moswavleTa sakuTari saxelebis gamoyeneba. moswavleTa sakuTa-ri saxelebi kargi `resursia~ rogorc mTliani sityvebis amokiTxvis unaris gamomuSavebisTvis, aseve anbanis calkeuli aso-bgerebis swavlebisTvisac.

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klasis anbani


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi sityvebs Caweren asoebisTvis SerCeu-li kodebis gamoyenebiT.

am aqtivobis xSirad CatarebiT moswavleebi:


• daimaxsovreben anbanis rigs.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, mTeli klasi

resursi: sityvis baraTebi, gamogonili kodebis cxrili.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli an moswavleebi SearCeven `klasis kodebs~. mag.; ricxvebi 1-dan 33-is CaTvliT, romlebic Seesabameba anbanis asoebs; sxvadasxva simbolo – @ # $ % * +;

• maswavlebeli Camowers asoebs da maT Sesabamis kodebs da gamoakravs TvalsaCino adgilas;

• maswavlebeli urigebs moswavleebs sityvebis baraTebs an Camowers sityvebs dafaze;

• moswavleebi sityvebs rveulSi an dafaze daweren kodebis gamoyenebiT. mag.; kata _ 10.1.19.1.

SeniSvna: asoebisTvis ricxviTi kodis miniWebis SemTxvevaSi sasurvelia, kodebi erTmane-Tisgan wertiliT an mZimiT gamoiyos, rom sityvis sworad amokiTxva ar gaWirdes.

Secvale aso


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi mocemuli sityvis mixedviT adgenen axal sityvebs.

am meTodis/aqtivobis daxmarebiT moswavleebs uviTardebaT:

• sityvis dekodirebis unari;

• sityvebis Sedgenis unari;

• leqsikuri maragi;

• warmosaxvis unari.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, jgufebi, mTeli klasi.

resursi: erTi didi zomis sityvis baraTi, dafa da carci.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dafaze wers sityvas an kedelze akravs didi zomis baraTs, romelzec weria erTi sityva;

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• moswavleebi adgenen axal sityvebs am sityvis mixedviT. sityvebs jer Caiweren, Semdeg warmoadgenen;

• yovel momdevno sityvaSi moswavleebi cvlian mxolod TiTo asos. es SeiZleba iyos rogorc pirveli, ise nebismieri sxva aso. magaliTad: bari − qari − qali − bali − beli − boli.

anbanuri sityvebis kedeli


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi kiTxuloben sityvis baraTebs da amoicnoben sityvis pirvel asos.


• mTliani sityvis amocnobis unari;

• calkeuli aso-bgeris amokiTxvis unari.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi.

resursi: asoebis baraTebi, sityvis baraTebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs sityvis baraTebs da TiToeuls ukan akravs misawebebel qaRalds (SesaZlebelia, baraTebi stikerebis gamoyenebiT damzaddes);

• maswavlebeli dafis zeda nawilze horizontalurad akravs anbanis ramdenime asos;

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs gakruli asoebis Sesabamis sityvis baraTebs;

• moswavleebi TavianT baraTebs akraven Sesabamisi asos qveS – im asos qveS, romelzec iwyeba sityva.sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis aqtivobebi

sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis aqtivobebi

dRis mesiji


am aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi eCvevian qargis mixedviT kiTxvasa da weras. maswav-lebeli moswavleebis karnaxiT an/da erToblivi weriT avsebs specialurad momzadebul didformatian teqsts, romelSic adgilebia gamotovebuli.

es aqtivoba moswavles exmareba:

• yalibis/qargis daxmarebiT kiTxvis unaris ganviTarebaSi;

• sityvebis dekodirebasa da cnobaSi;

• qargis mixedviT werisTvis SemzadebaSi.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, mTeli klasi.

resursi: didformatian qaRaldze dawerili teqsti, fanqrebi/flomasterebi, furcle-bi.

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msvleloba

• maswavlebeli didformatian qaRal-dze winaswar amzadebs `dRis mesi-jis~ qargas, romelSic gamotovebu-lia sityvebi/frazebi. es qaRaldi saklaso oTaxSia gakruli da yovel-dRiurad ivseba.

• maswavlebeli moswavleebis daxmare-biT yoveldRiurad, gakveTilis da-sawyisSi avsebs teqstSi gamotove-bul adgilebs. amisaTvis Se saZ le belia sityvis didi baraTebis gamoyeneba. SesaZlebelia, `dRis mesiji~ da-fazec daiweros.

• sasurvelia, maswavlebelma Tavdapirvelad, modelirebis mizniT, Tavad Seavsos mocemuli qarga saCvenebeli/samodelo werisa da xmamaRla fiqris gamoyenebiT. am dros miakravs cariel furcels gamotovebuli sityvebis adgilas da dawers saWiro sityvebs. meore dRes ki gamocvlis mikrul furclebs da informacias ganaaxlebs. SesaZlebelia am procesSi TandaTanobiT bavSvebmac miiRon monawi-leoba. mogvianebiT ki damoukideblad Seadginon `dRis mesiji~.

nimuSi:

sityvebis kedeli


kedelze sagangebo adgilas gamokrulia sxvadasxva principiT dajgufebuli sityvebis baraTebi. baraTebze mocemuli sityvebi SeiZleba SeirCes sayvareli wignebidan, saxel-mZRvaneloebidan, Jurnalebidan da sxv. mniSvnelovania, sityva kedelze moTavsdes uSua-lod Seswavlis dros. sasurvelia sityvebis kedeli ganTavsdes iseT adgilas, rom advi-li iyos misi danaxva, sityvebis damateba da gadaadgileba.

meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi:

• kiTxuloben cnobad, xSirad gamoyenebul sityvebs, aseve Sesaswavl sityvebs;

• imaxsovreben sityvis vizualur xatebs;

• eCvevian sityvis mTlianad amokiTxvas/cnobas.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, wyvilebi, individualuri, mTeli klasi.

dRis mesiji

dRes aris 12 noemberi.

dRes aris oTxSabaTi.

axla aris meore gakveTili. Cven gvaqvs qarTuli ena.

dRes gareT civa.

dRes Teonas mamis dabadebis dRea.

me ar miyvars qari.

dRis mesiji

dRes aris __________ .

dRes aris ________ .

axla aris ___________ gakveTili. Cven gvaqvs qarTuli ena.

dRes gareT _________ .

dRes ______________dabadebis dRea.

___________________________________ .

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resursi: sityvebis baraTebi (Tabaxis furclis mesamedis zomis).

msvleloba

1. sityvebis kedlis Seqmna. maswavlebeli kedelze sagangebo adgilas akravs mcire zomis baraTebze daweril sityvebs. Sesaswavli sityvebi dajgufebulia sxvadasxva principiT (mag., WurWeli, gareuli cxovelebi, zmnebi, b-ze dawyebuli sityvebi da sxv.).

2. sityvebis wakiTxva. maswavlebeli sityvebis kedelze mocemul sityvebs iyenebs mra-valferovani aqtivobebis Casatareblad: • moswavleebi kedelze eZeben maswavleblis mier miTiTebul sityvebs;

• moswavleebi sxvadasxva principiT gadaajgufeben kedelze mocemul sityvebs (mag., sulieri da usulo sagnebi, mcenareebi, zedsarTavebi, msgavsi asoebis an marcvlebis mqone sityvebi da sxv.); saamisod, SesaZloa kedelze gadaaadgilon baraTebi an amoweron sityvebis jgufebi;

• moswavleebi maswavleblis mier miTiTebuli sityvebiT adgenen winadadebebs, ambavs, dialogs da sxv.

3. cnobadi sityvebis kedeli. maswavlebeli calke amzadebs cnobadi, xSirad gamoyenebu-li sityvebis kedels. sityvebi msxvili asoebiT aris dawerili. sityvebis kedeli xSi-rad unda ganaxldes, magram ar gadaitvirTos (kviraSi 5-10 sityva). kedelze mxolod is sityvebia gamokruli, romlebsac moswavleebi xSirad xedaven teqstSi an iyeneben weris dros.

4. sityvebis kedlis xumrobebi. moswavleebi sityvis kedelze mocemuli sityvebis waki-Txvasa da dekodirebaSi varjiSoben sxvadasxva variaciiT:

• `wiwilebi~ _ moswavleebi `frTebis~ qneviT warmoTqvamen TiToeul aso-bgeras, Semdeg ki mTlianad sityvas;

• `kinovarskvlavebi~ – moswavleebi kocnis gagzavniT warmoTqvamen TiToeul aso-bgeras, Semdeg ki mTlianad sityvas;

• `operis momRerlebi~ _ moswavleebi simReriT warmoTqvamen yvela bgeras, bolos – gagrZelebuli bgerebiT, mTlianad sityvas;

• `vulkani~ _ moswavleebi sityvis yoveli aso-bgeris warmoTqmisas xmis tembrs umateben. mTlian sityvas ki yviriliT amboben;

• `cxviri~ _ moswavleebi cxvirze moiWeren TiTebs da ise gamoTqvamen jer bgerebs, Semdeg ki mTlianad sityvas.

iarliyebi klasSi


meTodis `iarliyebi klasSi~ gamoyenebis dros saklaso oTaxSi sagnebze mikrulia ba-raTebi/iarliyebi amave sagnis saxelwodebiT. moswavleebi yoveldRiurad kiTxuloben iarliyebze daweril sityvebs.

aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi

• eCvevian sityvis mTlianad amokiTxvas/cnobas.

• imaxsovreben sityvis vizualur xats.

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muSaobis forma: individualuri, mTeli klasi.

resursi: didi zomis sityvis baraTebi.

msvleloba

1. iarliyebis damagreba. maswavlebeli ramdenime sagans miakravs baraTebs/iarliyebs amave sagnis saxelwodebiT. magaliTad: dafa, kari, fanjara da a.S.

2. iarliyebis wakiTxva. yoveldRiurad am aqtivobas eTmoba gakveTilis mcire dro. moswavleebi kiTxuloben iarliyebze daweril sityvebs.

3. iarliyebis damateba. garkveuli drois Semdeg (yovelkvira, sam dReSi erTxel da a.S.) maswavlebeli amatebs axal baraTebs/iarliyebs;

4. swori adgilis povna. periodulad maswavlebeli gadaanacvlebs baraTebs, magali-Tad: baraTs `dafa~ miakravs kars, xolo baraTs `kari~ miakravs fanjaras. Tu moswavleebi ver SeniSnaven cvlilebas, maswavlebeli cdilobs miaxvedros isini, ra Seicvala. mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi aRmoaCenen Secdomas, areul iarliyebs swor adgilas amagreben.

sityvebi magidaze an iatakze


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi amoikiTxaven baraTebze daweril sity-vas/sityvebs da maTi gamoyenebiT adgenen winadadebebs.

meTodi moswavleebs uviTarebs Semdeg unarebs:

• sityvebis mTlianobiTi xatis damaxsovreba;

• sityvis swrafad da efeqturad amokiTxva;

• sityvis mniSvnelobis gaazreba;

• sityvis Sesabamis konteqstSi gamoyeneba.

muSaobis forma: jgufuri.

resursi: sityvis baraTebi.

msvlelobis ori varianti

1. sityvebis baraTebis amokiTxva. maswavlebeli pirqve gadabrunebul sityvis bara-Tebs awyobs magidaze an iatakze. mis mier micemul niSanze moswavleebi morigeo-biT aiReben TiTo baraTs, aCveneben klass da xmamaRla waikiTxaven.

2. winadadebebis Sedgena. maswavlebeli magidaze an iatakze ganaTavsebs iseT ba-raTebs, romlebze mocemuli sityvebisganac SesaZlebelia winadadebis, leqsis taepis, aforizmis, andazis da a.S. awyoba. maswavleblis miTiTebiT daniSnul droSi moswavleebi iReben baraTebs, aCveneben klass, amoikiTxaven sityvas, Semdeg cdiloben dadgnen im TanmimdevrobiT, rom maTi sityvebisgan Sedges winadadeba, romelsac xmamaRla waukiTxaven klass.

variaciebi

1. moswavle iRebs sityvis baraTs da sityvis amokiTxvis Semdeg individualurad adgens winadadebas am sityvis gamoyenebiT;

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2. sityvebis amokiTxvis Semdeg moswavleebi dajgufdebian/dawyvildebian sxvadasxva principiT (erTsa da imave asoze dawyebuli sityvebi, cxovelebis saxelebi, mcena-reebis saxelebi, sinonimebi, antonimebi da a.S.).

sityvebis amokiTxva wyvilebSi


`sityvebi wyvilebSi~ aris TamaSi, romelic or gunds Soris imarTeba. moswavleebi amoi-kiTxaven maswavleblis mier dafaze winaswar Camoweril/gakrul sityvebs. TamaSi ori etapisgan Sedgeba. pirvel etapze A gundis wevrebi waikiTxaven sityvebs, xolo B gundis wevrebi moZebnian Sesabamis baraTebs dafaze. meore etapze gundebi rolebs gacvlian. gaimarjvebs is gundi, romelic ufro swrafad moZebnis mowinaaRmdege gundis mier amo-kiTxul yvela sityvas.

aqtivoba moswavleebs uviTarebs Semdeg unarebs:

• sityvebis mTlianobiTi xatis damaxsovreba;

• sityvis swrafad da uSecdomod amokiTxva.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, wyvilebi.

resursi: sityvebis sia/didi zomis sityvis baraTebi, wammzomi, dafa da magnitebi/carci.

msvleloba

• dayaviT klasi or gundad (pirobiTad, A da B).

• SearCieT sityvis baraTebi TamaSisTvis (baraTebis raodenoba 5-6 caliT unda aRematebodes moswavleTa saerTo raodenobas). magidaze daawyveT baraTebi naweriT qvemoT, dafaze ki gafantulad dawereT igive sityvebi.

• gamoiZaxeT dafasTan rigrigobiT TiTo wyvili A gundidan da dainiSneT dro (TiToeuli gundisaTvis daaxloebiT 3 wT.).

• erT-erTi mewyvile aiRebs erT cal baraTs, amoatrialebs da xmamaRla waikiTxavs. wyvilis meore wevrma swrafad unda moZebnos amokiTxuli sityva dafaze Camoweril sityvebSi da Semoxazos/gaxazos.

• amis Semdeg wyvili ubrundeba Tavis adgils da maT Caanacvlebs meore wyvili, romelic asrulebs imave davalebas. ase grZeldeba gundisTvis gankuTvnili drois amowurvamde.

• drois amowurvisTanave mieciT moswavleebs niSani. daTvaleT A gundis mier sworad Semoxazuli sityvebis raodenoba.

• zustad igive procedura SeasrulebineT B gunds.

• gamoavlineT gamarjvebuli.

imsjeleT moswavleebTan TamaSis procesis Sesaxeb (ra moewonaT da ratom; ra aris saWi-ro warmatebisTvis).

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ipove wyvilebi


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi magidaze dalagebul baraTebSi eZeben naxatisa da sityvis baraTebis wyvilebs.

meTodi/aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavleebs:

• uviTarebs sityvis naxatTan dakavSirebis unars;

• uaqtiurebs Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• umdidrebs leqsikur marags;

• gauvarjiSebs mexsierebas;

• uviTarebs yuradRebis koncentrirebis unars.

muSaobis forma: ori an meti moTamaSe.

resursi: banqos zomis kvadratuli baraTebis dasta sityvebiTa da naxatebiT.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs baraTebis wyvilebis dastas. baraTebis wyvili Seicavs si-tyvasa da naxats;

mag.,

lomi

• TamaSobs ori moswavle an moswavleTa jgufi;

• maswavlebeli yvela baraTs pirqve daawyobs magidaze, ise rom gamovides didi marTkuTxedi an kvadrati. magaliTad: 4x4 an 4x3.

• yovel svlaze moswavles SeuZlia mxolod ori baraTis amobruneba.

• pirveli moswavle amoabrunebs nebismier 2 baraTs da aCvenebs danarCenebs. Tu Sexvda baraTebis wyvili, maSin moswavle itovebs maT. isev misi svlaa da bavSvi amoabrunebs sxva ors. Tu baraTebze mocemuli sityva an naxati ar Seadgens wyvils, moswavle, mas Semdeg rac yvelas aCvenebs, adgilze daabrunebs baraTebs (isev pirqve). moswavleebi imaxsovreben, romeli baraTi sad devs (mniSvnelovania, rom baraTebs adgilebi ar SeecvaloT). svla gadadis Semdeg moswavlesTan.

• momdevno moswavlec atrialebs 2 baraTs. jer iRebs erTs, Tu baraTze mocemuli sityvis/naxatis wyvili ukve nanaxi aqvs, cdilobs, zustad gaixsenos misi adgilmdebareoba da awyvilebs Tavis baraTTan. aseTive wesiT agrZelebs dawyvilebas, sanam ar Sexvdeba iseTi baraTi, romlis wyvilic jer ar unaxavs an mis mdebareobasac zustad ver gaixsenebs. Tu moswavlem pirvelive baraTs ver mouZebna wyvili, magram gaixsena meore baraTis Sesatyvisis adgilmdebareoba, mas ufleba aRar aqvs, daawyvilos es baraTebi. am SemTxvevaSi svla gadadis Semdeg moswavleze.

• ase grZeldeba, sanam yvela baraTi ar gaTamaSdeba.

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gamarjvebulia is moswavle, romelic met wyvils Seagrovebs.

SeniSvna: msgavsi aqtivobis ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia leqsikis komponentSic sinoni-mebis baraTebis wyviliT.

sinonimebis banqo naxatebiT


moswavleebi SearCeven SeTavazebuli naxatis Sesabamis sityvas an piriqiT, sityvis Sesa-bamis naxats.

am meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavle:

• gaiwafeba sityvebis dekodirebasa da mTlianad amocnobaSi;

• gaiaqtiurebs Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• gaimdidrebs leqsikur marags.


resursi: banqos zomis baraTebis dasta sityvebiTa da naxatebiT.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs wyvilebis `banqos~ dastas. baraTis wyvili Sedgeba naxatisa da nawerisagan. erT baraTze weria sityva, meoreze ki misi Sesabamisi gamosaxulebaa.

mag.,

komSi

• maswavlebeli TiToeul moTamaSes (moswavles an moswavleTa wyvils) daurigebs Tanabari raodenobis sityvis baraTebs;

• maswavlebeli daitovebs naxatebian baraTebs, romlebsac daikavebs xelSi an dadebs magidaze, naxatiT qvemoT;

• TamaSis dasawyebad maswavlebeli dadebs (an amoabrunebs) magidaze erT naxatian baraTs;

• moswavleebi eZeben magidaze dadebuli naxatiani baraTis Sesabamis sityvas TavianT baraTebSi;

• Sesabamisi sityvis moZebnis SemTxvevaSi moswavle sityvis baraTiT `gaWris~ naxatian baraTs da Semdeg orives aiRebs;

• gamarjvebulia is moswavle (wyvili), romelic yvelaze met `banqos~ – baraTebis wyvils daagrovebs.

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boTlis datrialeba


moswavleebma swrafad unda waikiTxon boTlis mier `miTiTebuli~ sityva.

am meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavle:

• iwafeba sityvebis dekodirebasa da mTlianad amocnobaSi;

• iaqtiurebs Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• imdidrebs leqsikur marags.

muSaobis forma: mcire jgufebi, wyvilebi.

resursi: sityvis baraTebi, plastikatis boTli.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs sityvis baraTebs da awyobs wreze. SuaSi moaTavsebs plastmasis boTls.

• moswavleebi morigeobiT atrialeben boTls da warmoTqvamen im sityvas, romelTanac boTlis wveri gaCerdeba.

sityvebis loto


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi mocemuli sityvis baraTebidan Sear-Ceven da furcelze gadaweren 8 sityvas. asaxeleben amoweril sityvas da moiniSnaven klaselebis dasaxelebul sityvebs (romlebic maTsas emTxveva) sakuTar furcelSi.

meTodi moswavleebs exmareba:

• sityvis amokiTxvis, amocnobis unaris ganviTarebaSi;

• sityvis verbaluri da vizualuri xatis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebis unaris ganviTarebaSi;

• Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnis gaaqtiurebaSi.

muSaobis forma: mcire jgufebi, mTeli klasi.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs 20-25 sityvis baraTs da gamofens ise, rom kargad Candes;

• moswavleebi A4 zomis furcels kecaven 8 tol nawilad;

• moswavleebi gaSlian dakecil baraTs da miRebul ujrebs Seavseben 8 sityviT. sityvebs airCeven gamokruli baraTebidan. SesaZloa, gamoiyenon sityvebis kedelic;

• furclis Sevsebis Semdeg moswavleebi morigeobiT xmamaRla warmoTqvamen TiTo sityvas TavianTi furclidan;

• Tu klaselis mier dasaxelebuli sityva maT dawerils daemTxva, bavSvebi moniSnaven sityvebs TavianT ujrebSi;

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• moTamaSeebi daiZaxeben bingo~, roca maT furcelze sityva moiniSneba. gamarjvebuli iqneba is, vinc pirveli moniSnavs baraTze yvela sityvas. gamarjvebuli daiZaxebs sityvas `superbingo~.

sityvebis marketi


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi sityvis baraTebs kiTxuloben da uc-vlian erTmaneTs.

aqtivoba moswavleebs uviTarebs Semdeg unarebs:

• sityvis amokiTxva, amocnoba;

• Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnis gamoyeneba;

• sametyvelo situaciis Sesabamisi leqsikis SerCeva;

• sityvebis klasificireba.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, mcire jgufebi.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli urigebs moswavleebs Tanabari raodenobis gansxvavebul sityvis baraTebs. baraTebi garkveuli principiTaa ganawilebuli. moswavleebis mizania Seagrovon saerTo kategoriaSi Semavali sityvebi. magaliTad, erT moswavles Sexvdeba aguri~, ficari~, cementi~ da pamidori~. misi mizani iqneba, pamidori~ gadacvalos romelime samSeneblo masalis aRmniSvnel sityvaSi, romelic sxva moswavles eqneba. am ukanasknels ki, Tavis mxriv, mosapovebeli eqneba bostneulis aRmniSvneli sityva;

• yvela moswavle magidaze daawyobs Tavis baraTebs ise, rom jgufis TiToeuli wevri kargad xedavdes;

• moswavleebi iwyeben `vaWrobas~. erTi moswavle ambobs: `levan, me gagicvli Cems `kurdRels~ Sens `vaSlSi~. meore moswavles aqvs arCevani, gaucvalos Tu ara. mas SeuZlia upasuxos: `ara, magram me gagicvli Cems `vaSls~ Sens `maisurSi~;

• moswavleebma unda moagrovon erTi saxeobis sityvebi. magaliTad, xili, Sinauri cxovelebi, saswavlo nivTebi, lurji sagnebi, saWmelebi, saxatavi nivTebi da sxv.

mokarnaxe zmnebi


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi asruleben baraTze dawerili zmnis Sesabamis moqmedebas.

meTodi/aqtivoba moswavleebs uviTarebs Semdeg unarebs:


• sityvis mniSvnelobis gageba;

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• Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnis gamoyeneba.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, mcire jgufebi, mTeli klasi.

resursi: sityvis baraTebi

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs moqmedebis gamomxatveli sityvis baraTebs da morigeobiT aCvenebs TiTo moswavles/jgufs TiTo baraTs.

• moswavleebi asruleben baraTze mocemuli zmnis Sesabamis moqmedebas. mag., axta, aiRo, iyvira, Tvalebi daxuWa, xeli aswia, aixeda, waikiTxa da sxv.

sityvebis gariTmva

aqtivobis Sesaxeb

aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi Camoweren sityvebs, romlebic eriTmeba moce-mul sityvas.

am aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi:

• ganiviTareben fonologiur unarebs;

• gaiaqtiureben Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• gaivarjiSeben SemoqmedebiT unarebs.


resursi: sityvis baraTebi, furclebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs sityvis baraTebs da urigebs moswavleebs an wyvilebs/jgufebs.

• moswavleebi garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi furclebze Camoweren im sityvebs, romlebic eriTmeba baraTze mocemul sityvas.

• gaimarjvebs is moswavle/wyvili/jgufi, romelic yvelaze met sityvas gauriTmavs erTmaneTs (mag., kalaTi-xalaTi-baraTi-salaTi).1

sityvebis masaJi


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi mewyvileebs zurgze TiTiT aweren si-tyvebs. mewyvileebi cdiloben, gamoicnon sityva.


1 qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebelma SesaZloa TviTonve SesTavazos moswavleebs sityvebi, saidanac amoarCeven samizne sityvis gasariTm sityvas.

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• yuradRebis koncentrireba.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi.

resursi: mcire zomis sityvis baraTebis dasta.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli daawyvilebs moswavleebs da TiToeul moswavles aZlevs mcire zomis ramdenime baraTs;

• wyvilSi erTi moswavle TavisTvis, Cumad waikiTxavs baraTze mocemul sityvas da mewyviles TiTiT aso-aso daawers zurgze. partniorma unda gamoicnos dawerili sityva;

• moswavleebi cvlian rolebs;

• mewyvileebi aRricxaven (plus-minusiT moniSnaven rveulSi) Sedegebs da war moad-genen klasSi. mag., malxazma sworad gamoicno `saxli~ da `oTaxi~, magram ver gamoicno `kibe~.

SeniSvna: maswavlebeli sityvebs SearCevs garkveuli principiT. magaliTad, im dRes aRwe-rili suraTis sityvebs, Sinauri cxovelebis saxelebs, axlad an adre Seswavlil sity-vebs da sxv.

davimaxsovroT sityvebis mwkrivi


moswavleebi imaxsovreben da asaxeleben sityvebis mwkrivs.


• sityvebis amokiTxvaSi/amocnobaSi;

• Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnis gaaqtiurebaSi;

• damaxsovrebaSi;

• yuradRebis koncentrirebaSi.

muSaobis forma: mcire jgufebi an mTeli klasi.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs sityvis baraTebs da sam, oTx an xuT baraTs daawyobs magidaze an gaakravs dafaze mwkrivSi;

• moswavleebi akvirdebian baraTebs da asaxeleben TiToeul sityvas marcxnidan marjvniv;

• moswavleebi xuWaven Tvalebs, am dros maswavlebeli baraTebis Tanmimdevrobas gadaanacvlebs;

• Tvalis gaxelis Semdeg moswavleebi warmoTqvamen baraTebze daweril sityvebs imave

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principiT. Semdeg ki cdiloben, daawyon baraTebi pirvandeli TanmimdevrobiT;

• Semdeg etapze maswavlebeli cvlis amocanas, baraTebis mwkrivs moaklebs an daumatebs erT baraTs. moswavleebi cdiloben, gamoicnon da daasaxelon amo-Rebuli/damatebuli baraTi.

daxede, gadaabrune, dawere, Seamowme


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi imaxsovreben sityvis baraTze moce-mul sityvas da Caweren mas furcelze. Semdeg amowmeben dawerils.



• damaxsovreba;

• yuradRebis koncentrireba.

muaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli aZlevs TiToeul moswavles ramdenime baraTs;

• moswavleebi Sexedaven sityvis baraTs, gadaabruneben, gaixseneben, ra weria baraTze da daweren sityvas furcelze/rveulSi;

• moswavleebi amoabruneben sityvis baraTs da Seamowmeben, sworad daweres Tu ara. Secdomis SemTxvevaSi Seasworeben nawers. imaves imeoreben yvela baraTze.

gaelveba


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi amoicnoben wamierad nanax sityvebs.

meTodis/aqtivobis xSirad ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi moswavleebs ganuviTardebaT:

• vizualuri mexsiereba;


• sityvis mTlianad amocnobis unari.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, jgufebi.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs Zalian swrafad, wamierad aCvenebs sityvis baraTs. moswavleebma unda warmoTqvan is sityva, romelic dainaxes. SesaZlebelia pasuxebis gacema rogorc daswrebiT, aseve maswavleblis miTiTebiT;

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• maswavlebeli arTulebs amocanas jer ori, Semdeg sami baraTis erTdroulad CvenebiT.

SeniSvna: sasurvelia maswavlebelma cvalos baraTebis Cvenebis siCqare bavSvebis SesaZle-blobebis mixedviT.saWiroebisamebr, maswavlebeli sxvadasxva bavSvs sxvadasxva siCqariT aCvenebs baraTebs.

sityvebis maTematika


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi kiTxuloben sityvis baraTebs da iTvlian sityvaSi asoebis raodenobas.



• angariSis unari.


resursi: sityvis baraTebis dasta, furceli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs luwi raodenobis baraTebis dastas;

• awyvilebs moswavleebs da TiToeul wyvils iatakze an magidaze uwyobs gadabrunebuli baraTebis dastas luwi raodenobiT (4-8 cali);

• moswavleebi morigeobiT iReben TiTo-TiTo baraTs da xmamaRla kiTxuloben. Semdeg Tvlian sityvaSi asoebis raodenobas da weren winaswar momzadebul furcelze;

• mas Semdeg rac yvela baraTs waikiTxaven, moswavleebi Sekreben qulebs sakuTar furclebze, daajameben wyvilebSi;

• gamarjvebulad CaiTvleba is wyvili, romelic sworad Sekrebs qulebs.

sityvebis moZebna (snaiperi)


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi Jurnal-gazeTebSi, wignebSi, amobeW-dil teqstebSi eZeben maswavleblis mier miTiTebul sityvebs.

am meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavleebs:

• uviTarebs sityvis mTlianad amokiTxvis/cnobis unars;

• exmareba sityvis vizualuri xatis damaxsovrebaSi.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, wyvilebi, individualuri, mTeli klasi.

resursi: wignebi, Jurnalebi, broSurebi, gazeTebi.

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msvleloba

• maswavlebeli miuTiTebs moswavleebs konkretul sityvebs. moswavleebi wignebSi, Jurnal-gazeTebSi, amobeWdil teqstebSi eZeben maswavleblis mier miTiTebul si-tyvebs da fanqriT Semoxazaven maT.

SeniSvna: mosaZebni sityvebis SerCeva SesaZlebelia sityvebis kedlidan an dafaze Camowe-rili sityvebidan.

fostalioni


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebs uviTardebaT:


• yuradRebis koncentrirebis unari.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi, jgufebi.

resursi: mcire zomis sityvis baraTebi.

msvleloba

• erTi moswavle asrulebs fostalionis rols. is urigebs `werilebs~ (TiTo sity-vis baraTs) danarCen moswavleebs. mniSvnelovania, baraTebi ise dauwyos, rom sity vebi ar Candes;

• roca yvela `werili~ darigdeba, TiToeuli moswavle mimdevrobiT kiTxulobs Tavis sityvas. baraTis amobruneba dasaSvebia mxolod wakiTxvis win;

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs iZaxebs sityvis sxvadasxva maxasiaTeblis mixedviT. mag., gamovidnen is moswavleebi, romelTa sityvebSic aris aso-bgera `e~, an romelTa sityvaSic sami marcvalia, oTaxis karTan dajgufdnen moswavleebi, romelTa sityvac iwyeba xmovanze da a.S.;

• gamoZaxebuli moswavleebi klasis win dgebian maRla aweuli baraTebiT, rom sxvebmac waikiTxon maTi sityvebi.

`bax~


moswavleebi sityvis baraTebiT TamaSoben banqos da xmamaRla amoikiTxaven maTze dawe-ril sityvebs.

meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebs:

• uviTardebaT sityvis amokiTxvisa da amocnobis unari;

• uaqtiurdebaT leqsikuri erTeulebis codna.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, oTxwevriani jgufebi.

resursi: banqos zomis sityvis baraTebi, 5-6 baraTi sityviT `bax~.

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msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs: a) sityvis baraTebs, b) 5-6 baraTs sityviT `bax~. sityvis baraTebis raodenoba moswavleTa raodenobaze meti unda iyos. Seurevs baraTebs da aurevs dastas;

• moswavleebi morigeobiT iReben TiTo baraTs (dastis pirvel baraTs), amoabruneben, xmamaRla kiTxuloben sityvas. Tu moswavlem sworad amoikiTxa sityva, is itovebs aRebul baraTs. TamaSs agrZelebs sxva moswavle;

• Tu moswavle SecdomiT amoikiTxavs sityvas, mas mouwevs baraTis dastaSi dabruneba. am SemTxvevaSic TamaSs agrZelebs momdevno moswavle;

• Tu moswavles Sexvda baraTi sityviT `bax~, igi itovebs `bax~ baraTs da ukan abrunebs yvela manamde aRebul baraTs da Tavidan iwyebs baraTebis Segrovebas;

• igebs is, visac dastis damTavrebisas yvelaze meti sityvis baraTi darCeba.

rTuli - advili


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi ganalageben sityvis baraTebs sirTu-lis mixedviT (rTulidan martivisken).

meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi:

• varjiSoben sityvis amokiTxvasa da amocnobaSi;

• akvirdebian sityvis maxasiaTeblebs;

• iviTareben kategorizaciis unars.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, mcire jgufebi.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli yofs klass wyvilebad an mcire jgufebad da TiToeul wyvils/jgufs aZlevs ramdenime sityvis baraTs;

• moswavleebi sityvis baraTebs ganalageben sirTulis mixedviT. jer gamoyofen yvelaze rTul sityvas da bolos – yvelaze martivs;

• moswavleebi da maswavlebeli msjeloben, ratom miiCnies bavSvebma konkretuli sityva SedarebiT rTulad an martivad; svamen kiTxvebs da asaxeleben sxvadasxva maxasiaTebels/kriteriums: mag.; dasawerad, dasamaxsovreblad, warmosaTqmelad, gasaazreblad rTulia da sxva.

cxovelebis saxli


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi akvirdebian maswavleblis mier da-saxelebul sityvebs, amoicnoben pirvel bgeras, axdenen sityvebis klasifikacias pirve-li bgeris mixedviT.

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• fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi;

• asoebisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis unari.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, jgufebi, mTeli klasi.

resursi: dafa, carci, sityvis baraTebi (saWiroebisamebr).

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dafaze daxatavs didi zomis orsarTulian saxls, romelsac vertikaluri da horizontaluri xazebiT gayofs oTx nawilad (es nawilebi saxlis oTaxebia). auxsnis bavSvebs, rom am saxls aqvs oTxi oTaxi. yvela oTaxSi cxovrobs TiTo cxoveli: qveda sarTulze marcxniv cxovrobs lomi, qveda sarTulze marjvniv cxovrobs maimuni, zeda sarTulze marcxniv cxovrobs daTvi, zeda sarTulze marjvniv cxovrobs kurdReli;

• maswavlebeli Cawers cxovelebis saxelebs Sesabamis òTaxebSi~. am cxovelebTan stumrad modian xolme sxva cxovelebi. maspinZeli cxovelebi mxolod im cxovelebs uReben kars, romelTa saxelic imave aso-bgeriT iwyeba. magaliTad, Tu saxlTan mela mivida, mas miiRebs maimuni da amitom mela maimunis òTaxSi Seva~;

• fonologiuri savarjiSosTvis: maswavlebeli daasaxelebs cxovels. moswavleebi amoicnoben dasaxelebuli cxovelis pirvel bgeras da ityvian, daxatuli saxlis romeli cxoveli miiRebs mas stumrad;

• anbanuri savarjiSosTvis: maswavlebeli uCvenebs bavSvebs dawerili cxovelis saxels. sityva SeiZleba daweros dafaze an gamoiyenos sityvis baraTebi. moswavleebi ityvian, romeli cxoveli miiRebs stumrad ama Tu im sityvis Sesabamis cxovels.

variaciebi

• oTxi òTaxis~ nacvlad ori òTaxiT~ dawyeba;

• òTaxebSi~ cxovelebis Canacvleba anu pirobaSi CamoTvlili cxovelebis nacvlad sxvebis Cawera;

• bavSvebi Caweren sworad gamocnobil cxovelebs Sesabamis oTaxSi (damoukideblad an erToblivi weriT);

• pirdapir dasaxelebis nacvlad maswavlebeli jer ambobs cxovelis ramdenime maxasiaTebels, raTa moswavleebma gamoicnon (mag. àqvs ulvaSebi da fumfula kudi.~);

• stumari cxovelebis nacvlad òTaxebSi~ nivTebis ganawileba;

• bavSvebisTvis baraTebis dastis micema imis mixedviT, Tu romeli unaris gavarjiSebaa gamiznuli. Tu fonologiuri savarjiSoa, darigdeba suraTiani baraTebi da dafazec òTaxebSi~ didi zomis suraTiani baraTebi gaikvreba. Tu anbanze varjiSoben, darigdeba sityvis baraTebi.

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damatebiTi efeqturi aqtivobebi anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebisaTvis

aqtivobebiaRebuliawignidan`gzamkvlevimaswavleblebisaTvis.qarTulienadaliteratura

1-6klasebi~,erovnulisaswavlogegmebiscentri,2011

`afrinda, afrinda!~

maswavlebeli dafaze wers sityvebs, moswavleebi xels asweven mxolod maSin, roca maswa-vlebeli winaswar miTiTebul asos dawers.

sityvaSi marcvlis identificireba

maswavlebeli moswavleebs Zlevs sam svetSi gadanawilebul sam marcvals (mag., ga, ti, go) da iseT sityvaTa CamonaTvals, romlebic am marcvlebidan erT-erTs mainc Seicavs. moswavleebma unda ipovon sityvebSi es marcvlebi da saTanado svetSi gadaanawilon isi-ni.

SeniSvna: SeiZleba imave tipis savarjiSo gakeTdes asoebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

`qurds unda...~

maswavlebeli moswavleebs aZlevs teqsts an sityvaTa CamonaTvals da eubneba, rom qurds surs, moiparos sityvebi, romlebSic aris esa Tu is aso/asoebi. maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTavazobs: `ipoveT da xazi gausviT am sityvebs da qurdi maT ver waiRebs~.

Secvale aso

maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTavazobs sityvebs, romlebic erTi asos CanacvlebiT ic-vlian mniSvnelobas (mag., xari-bari, qari-kari). miuTiTebs Casanacvlebel asoze da sTxo-vs, rom mis nacvlad Casvan sxva iseTi aso, rom axali sityva miiRon.

ipove sityva

moswavleebs moeTxovebaT, gansazRvrul droSi teqstSi ipovon gansazRvruli raodeno-bis or/sammarcvliani sityvebi.

gadaxaze araswori sityva

suraTebis qveS miwerilia Sesabamisi sityvebi (erTi an ramdenime arasworadaa miwerili). moswavleebma unda moZebnon arasworad miwerili sityvebi da gadaxazon.

aklia marcvali

moswavleebma unda gadaiweron sityvebi da Caamaton saWiro marcvali.

aklia marcvali sityva dawere srulad

Tu__yuSi TuTiyuSi

yva__li _________________

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areuli marcvlebis dakavSireba

cxrilSi areuladaa mocemuli sityvis marcvlebi. moswavlem unda amoicnos sityva da gadaweros igi.

buS ga

bur ti

qol Ti

Ti Si

yu Tu

sityvebis anbanuri rigiT dawyoba

moswavleebma sityvaTa CamonaTvalSi mocemuli sityvebi unda daawyon anbanuri rigiT (anbani xelmisawvdomi unda iyos).

mocemuli marcvlebiT sityvebis Sedgena

moswavleebma maswavleblis mier SeTavazebuli marcvlebiT gansazRvrul droSi unda Seadginon rac SeiZleba meti sityva.

sityvebis gadawera sigrZis mixedviT

moswavleebs eZlevaT sxvadasxva sigrZis sityvebi. maT unda ganalagon da gadaiweron sityvebi maTi Semadgeneli asoebis raodenobis mixedviT, zrdadi an klebadi saxiT.

Sesabamisi sityvis povna da gadawera

cxrilSi moTavsebulia suraTi da oTxi sityva, romelTagan mxolod erTi Seesabameba suraTs. moswavlem unda ipovos da gadaweros Sesabamisi sityva.

daTo dali daTvi bali

burTi kudi qudi buSti

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sityvebis garkveuli niSniT gadawera

moswavlem sityvebis kedlidan, didi wignidan unda gadaiweros an amoweros sityvebi, romelTac: a) defisi aqvT; b) iwyeba b-ze; g) oTxasoiania da a.S.

Sinaarsobrivi wyvilebi

maswavlebeli moswavleebs warudgens sityvebis or svets. moswavleebma unda daawyvilon sityvebi, romlebic Sinaarsobrivad ukavSirdeba erTmaneTs. mag., erT svetSi: mepure, meyvavile, menayine... meore svetSi: nayini, puri, yvavili...

sityvis transformireba

maswavlebeli moswavles aZlevs oTx-xuT sityvas da instruqcias, romlis mixedviTac moswavlem zogierT sityvas unda gamoaklos, Seucvalos, daumatos esa Tu is aso (mag., sityva `vaSli~ _ sityvis bolos daumatos aso à~ da ise gadaweros).

did sityvaSi patara sityvis povna

maswavlebeli Camowers sityvebs, romelTa wakiTxvazec moswavleebs jer ar uvarjiSiaT. Semdeg aZlevs mcire zomis sityvebis CamonaTvals (mag., xe, ali, da, ki, ia, Tu, ar) da sTxovs ipovon did sityvebSi patara sityvebi (mag.: maxe, Tvali da sxv.).

sityvebis gadawera da nakarnaxev sityvebTan dawyvileba

moswavleebi gadaiweren dafidan 5-6 sityvas. Semdeg maswavlebeli am sityvebidan ram-denimes karnaxobs bavSvebs. moswavleebma nakarnaxevi sityvebi unda miuweron saTanado sityvas.

idumali sityva

dafaze Camowerili sityvaTa CamonaTvalidan moswavleebma unda amoicnon da gadaweron ìdumali sityva~. maswavlebeli maT garkveul miniSnebebs aZlevs, mag., ìdumali sityva iwyeba `z~ asoTi da sruldeba à~ asoTi, aRniSnavs cxovels da a.S.

wakiTxuli winadadebis Sesabamisi variantis povna

moswavle kiTxulobs erT winadadebas. Semdeg maswavlebeli mas sTavazobs am winadadebis sam variants. moswavlem unda amoicnos, romelia mis mier manamde wakiTxuli varianti.

nimuSi: kombles oTxi TeTri cxvari hyavda.a) kombles ori TeTri cxvari hyavda;b) kombles oTxi TeTri cxeni hyavda;g) kombles oTxi TeTri cxvari hyavda.

pica

erTjeradi TefSis an mrgvalad gamoWrili furclis Sua-Si maswavlebeli daakravs sityvis Zirs, TavsarTs an bolo-sarTs. calke baraTebze weria sityvis sxvadasxva nawili. moswavlem unda ipovos Sesabamisi baraTi da samagriT daa-magros TefSs/furcels Sesabamis adgilas (dasawyisSi an bolos).

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anbanis codnis Semowmeba

anbanis codnis SemowmebisTvis viyenebT skrinings, diagnostikur Sefasebas da progre-sis monitorings. pirveli klasis dawyebisTanave metad mniSvnelovania TiToeuli moswa-vlis gamocdilebisa da mzaobis Semowmeba. SeiZleba aRmovaCinoT, rom zogierTi bavSvi ukve sakmaod kargad flobs aramarto aso-bgerebs, aramed kiTxvis sawyis unarebsac. anbanis codnis Sesamowmeblad ZiriTadad viyenebT aso-bgerebis cal-calke (erTmaneTi-sagan izolirebulad) cnobis tests, xolo dekodirebis (anbanuri principis gamoyenebis) sawyisi unarebis Sesamowmeblad _ calkeuli sityvebis wakiTxvis tests. am ori testis saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi ramdenjerme Catareba saklaso dakvirvebasa da ganmaviTa-rebel SefasebebTan erTad sakmaris informacias gvawvdis moswavleTa miRwevebisa da saWiroebebis Sesaxeb.

aso-bgerebis cnobis testi

testis daniSnuleba: areuli TanmimdevrobiT mocemuli asoebis identificirebisa da Sesabamis bgerasTan misadagebis unaris Semowmeba. es aris sityvebis dekodirebis unaris mniSvnelovani sayrdeni.

testis tipi: individualuri. axlavs moswavlis furceli.

testis Catarebis vadebi: qarTuli ena: pirveli klasi. qarTuli, rogorc meore ena: meore klasi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba TiToeuli smestris dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba SeiZleba Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi. zogierTi moswa-vlisTvis, saWiroebisamebr, SesaZlebelia testis Catareba meore klasis dasawyisSic.


testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) maswavleblis furceli, b) moswavlis furceli, g) saaTi an wammzomi.

testis Catarebis procedura: drois aTvla iwyeba maSin, rodesac moswavle pirveli aso-bgeris kiTxvas daiwyebs. Semfasebeli moniSnavs mxolod SecdomiT warmoTqmul aso-bgerebs daxrili xazis (/) gadasmiT. Tu moswavle xelmeored da sworad warmoTqvams SecdomiT warmoTqmul aso-bgeras, Semfasebeli meore daxril xazs (\) gadausvams ise, rom gamovides (X). es TviTSesworebas niSnavs da Secdomad ar iTvleba. 60 wamis gasvlis Semdeg Semfasebeli gaaCerebs moswavles da bolos warmoTqmuli asos Semdeg dasvams fi-gurul frCxils (]). testis administrirebis dasrulebis Semdeg Semfasebeli daiTvlis sworad dasaxelebuli aso-bgerebis saerTo raodenobas da Cawers cxrilis qvemoT.

Semfaseblis miTiTebebi moswavles. `Sexede am furcels, aq anbanis asoebi weria. Sen sa-TiTaod, xmamaRla unda waikiTxo yvela aso, romelsac aq xedav. kiTxvas furclis da-sawyisidan daiwyeb (Semfasebeli mianiSnebs pirvel asoze) da mTel xazs CaikiTxav, Semdeg meore xazze gadaxval (Tan TiTiT uCvenebs mimarTulebas). Tu romelime asos ver gaixse-neb, me getyvi. mere ki isev gaagrZeleb asoebis xmamaRla dasaxelebas. gasagebia? aba, da-viwyoT!~ Tu moswavle dakargavs kiTxvis adgils, Semfasebeli exmareba gagrZelebaSi da miuTiTebs momdevno wasakiTx asoze. 60 wamis gasvlis Semdeg Semfasebeli ambobs: `modi, davasruloT. yoCaR, didi madloba~.

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qulebis miniWeba

Tu moswavle:

• Tavad Seasworebs Secdomas, dawereT /TS/ Sesabamisi asos zemoT (an gverdiT) da CauTvaleT swor pasuxad.

• SecdomiT warmoTqvams aso-bgeras, iribi xazi gadausviT Sesabamis asos da CauTva-leT araswor pasuxad.

• 3 wamze met xans Seyovndeba, Tqven warmoTqviT Sesabamisi aso da CauTvaleT araswor pasuxad.

• gamotovebs asos, SemoxazeT es aso da CauTvaleT araswor pasuxad.

saboloo Sedegis Casawerad Semfasebeli daajamebs mxolod sworad wakiTxuli asoebis raodenobas.

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nimuSi: II klasi

aso-bgerebis cnobis testi


moswavle: klasi:


s a T l e 5

o f x v m 10

z d k b t 15

g W R r J 20

c n i y C 25

S u j q p 30

h w Z a s 35

R z v f r 40

p d n k j 45

l w u J t 50

Z T S q h 55

C i m W x 60

y b c o g 65

sworad amoicno _____ / 65-dan

aso-bgerebis cnoba

moswavlis furceli

s a T l e

o f x v m

z d k b t

g W R r J

c n i y C

S u j q p

h w Z a s

R z v f r

p d n k j

l w u J t

Z T S q h

C i m W x

y b c o g

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• raarisgawafulikiTxvadaraundaSeZloskargma

mkiTxvelma?

• rakavSiriagawafulkiTxvasadagageba-gaazrebas

Soris?

• rogorvaswavloTgawafulikiTxva?romelia

gawafulikiTxvisswavlebisyvelazeefeqturi

meTodebi?

• rogorSevamowmoTgawafulikiTxvisunari?

Tavi IV

gawafuli/gamarTuli

kiTxva

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gawafuli kiTxvis meTodebis/aqtivobebis cxrili

meTodi / aqtivoba saswavlo resursi gverdi

kiTxva audioCanaweris daxmarebiT wignis audioCanaweri, teqsti (saswavlo an damoukidebeli kiTxvis donis), audiomagnito-foni (fleeri an kompiuteri xmis gamaZliere-blebiT)

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kiTxvis matarebeli teqsti/wigni/ saxelmZRvanelo moswavleTa raodenobis mixedviT

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frazebad kiTxva I frazebis/taepebis baraTebi 135

frazebad kiTxva II (sityvebis jgufebad wakiTxva)

dafaze/formatze winaswar dawerili teqsti, romelSic sasveni niSnebi sxvadasxva feriTaa moniSnuli; teqstis aslebi/wignebi moswav-leTa raodenobis mixedviT, feradi fanqrebi (wiTeli, stafilosferi, mwvane, lurji(

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wyvilebSi kiTxva teqsti/wigni/saxelmZRvanelo moswavleTa raodenobis mixedviT

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gameorebiTi kiTxva teqstis ori egzemplari, gameorebiTi wakiTxvis aRricxvis forma (grafiki), wammzomi/saaTi, fanqari

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xmamaRla wakiTxva SecdomebiT teqsti/wigni/saxelmZRvanelo TiToeuli moswavlisTvis an moswavleTa wyvilisaTvis, fanqari

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mkiTxvelTa Teatri da misi varia-cia radiokiTxva

teqsti/wigni/ saxelmZRvanelo TiToeuli moswavlisTvis

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kiTxva buqsiriT didi wigni an did formatze dawerili teqsti 148

simReris teqstis wakiTxva simReris teqsti, simReris audioCanaweri, au-diomagnitofoni (fleeri an kompiuteri) xmis gamaZliereblebiT

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ucnauri xmebiT kiTxva teqsti moswavleTa radenobis mixedviT, emo-ciis baraTebi, yuTi/qila/tomsika baraTebis Casayrelad

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supersiCqare klasis Sesabamisi sityvebis nusxa 150

moswavlis wakiTxulis audioCanaw-erebi

Sesaferisi sirTulis teqsti; xmis Camweri mowyobiloba

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daxmarebiT (skafoldingiT) kiTxva Sesaferisi sirTulis teqsti/wigni 152

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ra aris gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxva da ratom aris igi mniSvnelovani?

gamarTuloba/gawafuloba efeqturi kiTxvis mniSvnelovani aspeqtia. gawafuli mkiTxve-li a) uSecdomod (sworad) da avtomaturad (Zalisxmevis gareSe, myisierad) kiTxulobs sityvebs, b) kiTxulobs asakisaTvis Sesaferisi tempiT, g) kiTxulobs gamometyvelebiT (xmis toni, maxvilebi, pauzebi, intonacia), d) kiTxulobs frazebad (sityvebis dajgu-feba) da sasveni niSnebis gaTvaliswinebiT. gawafuli kiTxva warmoadgens xids sityvebis amocnobasa da wakiTxuli winadadebebis gagebas Soris. gawafuli kiTxvis sabaziso indi-katorebia teqstSi sityvebis avtomaturad amocnoba da gadabma, aseve, ucnobi sityvebis swrafi dekodireba.

gawafuli kiTxva ar aris gaazrebis garanti, magram gageba rTuldeba gawafuli kiTxvis gareSe. Tu moswavle mudmivad yovndeba ucxo sityvebis dekodirebis mizniT, gaazreba fer-xdeba da kiTxvis procesi xangrZliv, damRlel aqtivobad gadaiqceva. mas mere, rac mkiTxve-li kiTxvis teqnikur mxares gawafavs, energias gaazrebis iseT strategiebze mimarTavs, ro-gorebicaa: analizi, CaZieba, interpretacia, daskvnebis gakeTeba, SekiTxvebis dasma da sxv.

damwyeb mkiTxvelebs uWirT gamarTuli kiTxva, radgan maTi kiTxvis teqnikuri mxare srulyofas moiTxovs. kiTxvis teqnikis avtomatizebis Sedegad gamoTavisufldeba mki-Txvelis saazrovno energia da Zalisxmeva metwilad teqstis mniSvnelobis gagebas xmar-deba. amdenad, kiTxvis umTavresi funqciis anu gageba-gaazrebis realizebisTvis Zalze mniSvnelovania gamarTuli kiTxvis unaris droulad da saTanadod ganviTareba, rac konkretuli meTodebisa da resursebis gamoyenebiT miiRweva.

gawaful kiTxvas ZiriTadad zomaven wuTSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis raodenobis mixedviT. arsebobs specialuri cxrilebi, romlebSic mocemulia dadgenili normebi (kiTxvis siCqaris diapazoni) klasebis mixedviT.

gamarTuli kiTxvis saswavlo amocanebi/misaRwevi Sedegebi da swavlis safexurebi

erovnul saswavlo gegmaSi mocemulia gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxvis Sesabamisi Sedegebi da indikatorebi. maTi daxmarebiT, erTi mxriv, igegmeba saswavlo procesi, meore mxriv, mowmdeba moswavlis mimdinare da saboloo miRwevebi.

gawaful kiTxvasTan mimarTebiT, erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT, pirvel klasSi gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces qvemoT CamoTvlili unarebis ganviTarebas.

moswavles unda SeeZlos:

• asosa da bgeris dakavSireba da maTi gamTlianeba marcvlebad da sityvebad;

• martivi winadadebebiT Sedgenili mcire zomis teqstebis xmamaRla (mTliani sityvebiT an damarcvliT) wakiTxva;

• winadadebis bolos pauzis gakeTeba;

• sxvis mier dawyebuli teqstis saTanado adgilidan gagrZeleba.

cxadia, gawafuli kiTxvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani sayrdenia anbanis codna. am unarze daSendeba dekodirebis unari, romelic erovnul saswavlo gegmaSi kodis gaSifvris sa-xelwodebiT aris mocemuli. pirveli klasidan moswavlem unda SeZlos werilobiTi ko-dis gaSifvra, rac ZiriTadad gulisxmobs grafikuli xatis akustikur xatad gardaqmnas (asoebis amocnobas da maT dakavSirebas Sesabamis bgerebTan), aseve, bgerebis sityvad gamTlianebas, akustikuri xatis dakavSirebas sityvis mniSvnelobasTan.

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meore da mesame klasebSi aRniSnuli unar-Cvevebi viTardeba da amas emateba Semdegi unar-Cveva: mcire zomis teqstebis xmamaRla wakiTxva da sasven niSnebTan pauzebis gake-Teba. kvlav didi mniSvneloba eniWeba werilobiTi kodis gaSifvras sul ufro grZel, Tanxmovnebis kompleqsebiT datvirTul sityvebSi. am fazis dasrulebisas moswavle mniSvnelovan Sedegs aRwevs: gabmul teqstSi is Tavisuflad (avtomaturad) cnobs nac-nob sityvebs da advilad amoikiTxavs ucnob sityvebs, Tanac, am qmedebis Sesrulebas sul ufro swrafad axerxebs.

meoTxe klasSi gawafulma kiTxvam srulfasovani saxe unda miiRos – am etapze moswavlem ukve unda SeZlos, klasis winaSe sasurveli/SerCeuli nawyveti nacnobi teqstidan xma-maRla, intonaciiT waikiTxos da gamoxatos teqstSi asaxuli emocia. aseve unda SeZlos, sasveni niSnebis funqciis Sesabamisad gamoiyenos intonacia.

gawafuli kiTxvis swavlebis ZiriTadi principebi

gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxvis maxasiaTeblebisa da indikatorebis eqspliciturad gacnoba moswavleebisaTvis

mniSvnelovania, rom moswavleebma maswavleblisgan miiRon informacia da Tavadac SeZlon msjeloba iseT sakiTxebze, rogorebicaa: ra aris gawafuli kiTxva? ra maxasiaTeblebi aqvs gawaful kiTxvas? ra SeuZlia gawaful mkiTxvels? ra miznebs vaRwevT kiTxvis gawafvis gzaze?1

gamarTuli/gawafuli kiTxvis modelireba

mniSvnelovania, rom moswavleebma TvalsaCinod naxon, rogoria gawafuli kiTxva. Ziri-Tadad, modelis rols maswavlebeli asrulebs. zogjer gamarTuli kiTxvis demonstri-rebas akeTeben moxalise mSoblebi an ufrosklaselebi.

gamarTuli/gawafuli kiTxvis modelirebis efeqturi aqtivobebia:

• xmamaRla saCvenebeli wakiTxva – ufrosi xmamaRla ukiTxavs bavSvebs sagangebod SerCeul teqsts;

• audiowignebi – moswavleebi usmenen wignis audioCanawers da Tan teqsts Tvals ayoleben;

• megobruli kiTxva – gawafuli mkiTxveli (Tanaklaseli, ufrosklaseli, mSobeli) ukiTxavs moswavles an moswavleTa jgufs.

zogjer sasargebloa, rom klasSi gawafuli kiTxvis nimuSebis paralelurad gauwafa-vi kiTxvis magaliTebic ganvixiloT (uSecdomod kiTxva da SecdomebiT kiTxva; Zalian swrafad an Zalian nela kiTxva da adekvaturi siCqariT kiTxva; sityva-sityva kiTxva da sityvebis dajgufebiT kiTxva; gamometyvelebis gareSe, monotonurad kiTxva da Sesafe-risi toniT, maxvilebiT, pauzebiT kiTxva).

intensiuri marTuli praqtika xmamaRla kiTxvaSi

moswavleebisTvis mniSvnelovania, rom xSirad CaerTon gawafuli kiTxvis marTul pra-qtikaSi. marTuli praqtika mimdinareobs maswavleblis, Tanaklaselebis an mSoblebis daxmarebiT. rogorc wesi, marTuli praqtika moicavs mkiTxvelisaTvis maswavleblisa da

1 enobrivi barieris gamo am rekomendaciis Sesruleba gaWirdeba qarTulis, rogorc meore enis Semswa-vlel III-IV klasebis moswavleebTan. Sesabamisad, sasurvelia igi ganxorcieldes mSobliuri enis maswa-vlebelTan TanamSromlobiT.

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Tanaklaselebis mier ukukavSiris miwodebas.

• erToblivi kiTxva qoroSi/gundad – maswavlebeli yvela moswavlesTan erTad kiTxulobs SerCeul teqsts.

• eqod kiTxva – maswavlebeli xmamaRla, mimdevrobiT kiTxulobs teqstis monakveTebs (winadadebas, abzacs, gverds, qveTavs da sxv.). moswavleebi xmamaRla qoroSi/gundad kiTxuloben amave monakveTs.

• wyvilebSi kiTxva – moswavleebi wyvildebian. yvela moswavle damoukideblad, Cumad kiTxulobs mTlian teqsts. SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma saCvenebeli kiTxviT an romelime moswavlesTan wyvilSi wakiTxvis modelirebiT daiwyos es aqtivoba. maswavlebeli unawilebs teqstis monakveTebs wyvilebs (mag.; pirvelebi waikiTxaven pirvel abzacs, meoreebi – meores, pirvelebi – mesames da a.S.). moswavleebi damoukideblad, Cumad kiTxuloben mewyvilisTvis wasakiTx TiTo monakveTs. Semdeg mibrundebian erTmaneTisken da iwyeben xmamaRla mewyvilisTvis wakiTxvas. SesaZlebelia, TiTeuli monakveTi xmamaRla erTxel, orjer an samjerac waikiTxon. msmeneli moswavle yuradRebiT usmens, Semdeg ki wakiTxulze akeTebs komentars da iZleva rCevebs (asrulebs maswavleblis/mwvrTnelis rols.)

• kiTxva audioCanaweris daxmarebiT – moswavleebi Tan usmenen teqstis audioCanawers, Tan wigns Tvals ayoleben da xmamaRla hyvebian Canaweris xmas).

• megobruli kiTxva – gawafuli mkiTxveli (Tanaklaseli, ufrosklaseli, mSobeli an sxv.) usmens moswavlis xmamaRla wakiTxuls, Semdeg akeTebs ukukavSirs.

sasurvelia, rom kiTxvis savarjiSoebis keTebisas moswavleebs hqondeT mkafiod gan-sazRvruli mizani gageba-gaazrebaze orientirebiT. zogadad, kiTxvis unaris gaumjobe-sebaze orientireba ukeTes Sedegs iZleva, vidre miznis gansazRvris gareSe varjiSi an mxolod kiTxvis siCqaris gazrdaze orientireba.

SerCeuli teqstebis gameorebiTi kiTxva

kiTxvis gawafvisTvis efeqturi saSualebaa erTi da imave teqstis ramdenimejer xmamaR-la wakiTxva. Tavdapirvelad SeirCeva mokle da martivad wasakiTxi teqstebi, romlebic TandaTanobiT rTuldeba. moswavle TiTo teqsts gameorebiT waikiTxavs 3-jer an 4-jer. 3-4-jer wakiTxva gacilebiT ukeTes Sedegebs iZleva, vidre orjer an oTxze metjer.

damoukidebeli praqtika da prezentacia

bavSvebs bevri varjiSi sWirdebaT kiTxvaSi gasawafad. prezentacia exmareba moswavleebs gamometyvelebiTi kiTxvis dauflebaSi.

damoukidebeli Cumi kiTxva skafoldingiT – moswavleebi SearCeven damoukidebeli ki-Txvis donis teqsts da Cumad kiTxuloben. SesaZlebelia, maswavlebeli daexmaros teqs-tis SerCevaSi. aseve SesaZlebelia teqstis/wignis SerCevis kriteriumebis an strategie-bis gamoyeneba (mag., `xuTi TiTis wesi~). kiTx-vis es sesia daaxloebiT 10-15 wuTi grZelde-ba. maswavlebeli klasSi dadis da akvirdeba kiTxvis process. drodadro zogierT moswa-

xuTi TiTis wesi

• SearCie wignis/teqstis daaxloebiT 100-sityviani (2-3 abzaci) monakveTi.

• waikiTxe es monakveTi.

• roca ucnob sityvas Sexvdebi, aswie cera TiTi. roca meore ucnob sityvas Sexvde-bi, aswie saCvenebeli TiTi. ase ganagrZe.

• Tu xuT TiTs aswev, es teqsti rTulia. ajobebs, Tu sxva wigns waikiTxav.

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vlesTan Cerdeba da sTxovs mas, xmamaRla waukiTxos nawyveti SerCeuli wignidan. Se-saZlebelia, rom maswavlebelma gageba-gaazrebaze orientirebuli SekiTxvebi dasvas, misces miTiTebebi an konkretuli davaleba, romelsac moswavle kiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg Seasrulebs.

• mkiTxvelTa Teatri – teqstis gadanawileba da rolebSi xmamaRla wakiTxva ramdenime moswavlis mier.

• radiokiTxva – radiokiTxva aris mkiTxvelTa Teatris garTulebuli saxecvlileba, rodesac moswavle kiTxulobs mTlian teqsts (an mis monakveTs) klasis winaSe. aseT dros mTel teqsts erTi mkiTxveli kiTxulobs da is yvela rols irgebs.

• deklamacia (sasceno kiTxva) – es aris mkiTxvelTa Teatrisa da damoukidebeli Cumi kiTxvis kombinacia. maswavlebeli warudgens moswavleebs axlad SerCeul teqsts1 da yuradRebas gaamaxvilebs mis gaazrebaze. SesaZlebelia, saWiroebisamebr, maswavlebelma Tavdapirvelad xmamaRla waikiTxos teqsti da warmarTos diskusia Sinaarsis garSemo.2 gamarTulad wakiTxvisa da gageba-gaazrebis Semdeg maswavlebeli SearCevs ramdenime moswavles, romlebic dadgamen warmodgenas. imavdroulad, sxva moswavleebi sakuTar egzemplarebSi Tvals ayoleben teqsts. aqtivobisTvis kargia leqsebi da ganmeorebiT qargaze agebuli TxrobiTi teqstebi.

ramdenime sakvanZo meToduri rekomendacia gawafuli kiTxvis swavlebisaTvis

waakiTxeT yvelaferi bavSvebs

es mxolod wignebsa da dafaze daweril winadadebebs rodi exeba. dafiqrdiT da gaixse-neT, risi wakiTxva giwevT xolme Tqven. SeiZleba, es iyos aqtivobis instruqcia, warwe-ra posterze, `dilis mesiji~ da a. S. xSirad SesaZlebelia, rom Tqven nacvlad teqsti moswavlem waikiTxos. gamoiyeneT aseTi SesaZleblobebi moswavleTa gawafuli kiTxvis unaris gasavarjiSeblad.

gawafuli kiTxvis aqtivobis baraTebi

mesame da meoTxe klasebSi mniSvnelovania, rom moswavleebma ivarjiSon saSualo zomis teqstebis gawafulad kiTxvaSi. saSualo zomaSi vgulisxmobT iseT teqstebs, romle-bic erT sityvas an ramdenimesityvian frazas aRemateba, magram abzacze mcirea. amgva-ri varjiSisTvis daamzadeT 2-3-winadadebiani sakiTxavi aqtivobis baraTebi. SegiZliaT, saWiroebis mixedviT cvaloT am baraTebze datanili winadadebebis tipi, struqtura, arsebiTi enobriv-gramatikuli niSnebi (magaliTad, baraTebis erT paketSi SeitanoT win-debuliani da Tandebuliani sityvebi, meoreSi – rigobiTi ricxviTi saxelebi, mesameSi – Sedarebebi da a. S.). am savarjiSoebs moswavleebi mcire jgufebSi asruleben. SegiZliaT baraTebis rotacia jgufebs Soris.

1 qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebelma SesaZloa ukve damuSavebuli teqstic gamoiyenos.2 am da msgavs SemTxvevebSi qarTulis, rogorc meore enis gakveTilze, SesaZloa gamoyenebuli iyos mSobliuri enac. moswavleebi mSobliur enaze warmarTaven msjelobas, diskusias, romelic mokled Sejamdeba qarTul enaze moswavleebisa da maswavleblis mier.

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baraTis nimuSebi:

leqsebi, leqsebi. . .

SeqmeniT leqsebis anTologia. SeitaneT anTologiaSi bavSvebis sayvareli, popularuli an naklebad cnobili leqsebi. yvela bavSvs mieciT anTologiis egzemplari. wlis ganma-vlobaSi TiToeulma bavSvma sul mcire oTxjer unda waikiTxos yvela leqsi. amisTvis SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT winaswar specialurad damzadebuli moswavlis individualuri cxrilebi (gaakariT cxrilebi saklaso oTaxSi an CadeT moswavlis portfolioSi). yo-veli leqsis wakiTxvis mere bavSvi cxrilis Sesabamis ujras moniSnavs. umjobesia, Tu kviris ganmavlobaSi ramdenime konkretul leqss SearCevT wasakiTxad.

moswavle: klasi:

leqsiwakiTxvis TariRi

sakiTxavi masalis SerCeva gawafuli kiTxvisTvis

mniSvnelovania, rom gawafuli kiTxvis ganviTarebisTvis gamoyenebul iqnas mravalfero-vani, Sesaferisi sirTulis sakiTxavi masala: TxrobiTi da aRweriTi teqstebi, leqsebi, zRaprebi, igavebi, moTxrobebi, sabavSvo piesebi, simRerebi da sxv. teqstebi ar unda iyos zedmetad rTuli, frustraciulidonis. marTuli praqtikis aqtivobebisTvis Zi-riTadad gamoiyeneba saswavlodonis teqstebi, xolo damoukidebeli praqtikisTvis _ damoukidebelikiTxvisdonis teqstebi.

rogor SevurCioT bavSvs Sesaferisi sirTulis teqstebi (wignebi?)

saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis farglebSi gamocemul wignebs miTiTebuli aqvs, Tu sirTulis romel donezea gaTvlili. magaliTad, cifrebi 3.2 mianiSnebs, rom teqsti mesame klasis meore donisaa. skriningisa da diagnostikuri testebis gamoyene-biT maswavlebels SeuZlia gansazRvros TiToeuli moswavlis individualuri kiTxvis done da daexmaros maT Sesaferisi sirTulis wignebis SerCevaSi.

daajgufeT moswavleebi marTuli kiTxvis aqtivobis dros kiTxvis donis gaTvaliswinebiT; darwmundiT, rom wigni mocemuli jgufisTvis sainteresoa da Sesaferisi sirTulisaa.

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gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxvis ganmaviTarebeli meTodebi da aqtivobebi

kiTxva audioCanaweris daxmarebiT


audioCanaweris daxmarebiT kiTxvis dros moswavleebi usmenen teqstis audioCanawers, Tvals miadevneben teqsts/nawers da ahyvebian mkiTxvelis xmas.

meTodis/aqtivobis daxmarebiT moswavleebi swrafad iviTareben gawafulad kiTxvis unars.

meTodis gamoyeneba moswavleebs gamoumuSavebs:

• intonaciiT, gamometyvelebiT kiTxvis unars;

• frazebad kiTxvis unars;

• kiTxvis tempis kontrolis unars.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, wyvilebi, individualuri.

resursi: wignis audioCanaweri, teqsti (saswavlo an damoukidebeli kiTxvis donis), au-diomagnitofoni (fleeri an kompiuteri xmis gamaZliereblebiT.)

msvleloba• audioCanaweris mosmena: maswavlebeli CarTavs audioCanawers. moswavleebi ismenen

da TiTs miayoleben teqsts.

• erTad wakiTxva: maswavlebeli Tavidan CarTavs Canawers. moswavleebi uxmod, tu-Cebis moZraobiT mihyvebian mkiTxvelis xmas; momdevno CarTvaze moswavleebi Tan ismenen da Tan xmamaRla kiTxuloben, mihyvebian mkiTxvelis xmas.

• damoukideblad wakiTxva: moswavleebi damoukideblad (audioCanaweris mosmenis gareSe) kiTxuloben teqsts.

SeniSvna: saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia maswavlebelma aqtivobis msvlelobidan amoiRos romelime safexuri.

variaciebi• karnaxis dawerineba audioCanaweriT.

• `studiobana~ _ ufrosklaselebis mier Canawerebis bankis Seqmna umcrosklasel-TaTvis.

• `drois kafsula~ _ teqstis wakiTxva da audioCanaweris gakeTeba, garkveuli drois Semdeg (mag., erTTviani intervali) imave teqstis mosmena da ukukavSiri (Secdomebi, siCqare, intonacia da sxv.).

kiTxvis matarebeli


meTodis gamoyenebis dros matareblis vagonebis msgavsad erT mwkrivad mdgomi moswa-vleebi mimdevrobiT agrZeleben erTi da imave teqstis kiTxvas.

meTodis xSirad gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi moswavleebs gamoumuSavdebaT:

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• uSecdomod kiTxvis unari;


• mosmenis unari.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi.

resursi: teqsti/wigni/ saxelmZRvanelo moswavleTa raodenobis mixedviT.

msvleloba

• moswavleebi matareblis msgavsad dgebian erT rigad. TiToeul moswavles uWiravs erTi da igive teqsti.

• maswavleblis miTiTebiT (taSis dakvra, sastveni da a.S.) pirveli moswavle iwyebs teqstis xmamaRla kiTxvas, danarCenebi yuradRebiT usmenen mas da Tvals adevneben teqsts.

• maswavleblis Semdeg signalze mkiTxveli wyvets kiTxvas, gadadis rigis bolos da kiTxvas ganagrZobs meore moswavle. Tu moswavle ver SeZlebs teqstis saTanado adgilidan gagrZelebas an SecdomiT amoikiTxavs sityvas, eTiSeba TamaSs.

• Tu teqsti dasrulda, moswavleebi xelaxla iwyeben mis wakiTxvas. ase grZeldeba manam, sanam matarebelSi mxolod uSecdomod mkiTxveli moswavleebi ar darCebian.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia, aqtivobis msvlelobis dros maswavlebelma davaleba TandaTan gaarTulos: Tavdapirvelad kiTxva Seawyvetinos abzacebis an winadadebebis bolos, Sem-deg – winadadebis an sityvis SuaSi. Tu klasSi bevri moswavlea, SeiZleba maswavlebelma ma-tareblis ori Semadgenloba gaakeTos da erTmaneTsac Seajibros sizustesa da siCqareSi.

frazebad kiTxva 1


meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi teqsts frazebad/`ulufebad~ kiTxuloben.

aqtivoba efeqturi saSualebaa gawafuli kiTxvis unaris gansaviTareblad. gawafuli ki-Txvis dros mniSvnelovania ara mxolod aso-aso an marcval-marcval kiTxvis safexuris daZleva, aramed calkeuli sityvebis azrianad dajgufeba da gamTlianebul frazebad wa-kiTxva. amdenad, `frazebad kiTxvis~ meTodis xSiri gamoyeneba moswavleebs gamoumuSavebs:

• sityvebis frazebad gamTlianebis unars;

• saTanado intonaciiT, gamometyvelebiT kiTxvis unars;

• sasveni niSnebis gaTvaliswinebiT kiTxvis unars.


resursi: frazebis/taepebis baraTebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs moswavleTa sayvarel leqss/mcire zomis moTxrobas;

• SerCeuli leqsis taepebs/moTxrobis winadadebebs gadawers calkeul baraTebze;

• maswavlebeli aCvenebs moswavleebs baraTebs da Tavdapirvelad Tavad ukiTxavs

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pirvel or baraTze mocemul teqsts. akeTebs pauzebs sasven niSnebTan an azris logikuri saWiroebidan gamomdinare.

SeniSvna: amgvari modelireba mniSvnelovania imisaTvis, rom moswavleebma gaiazron, ro-gor kiTxuloben kargi mkiTxvelebi teqstis mTlian `ulufebs~ sityvebis cal-calke warmoTqmis nacvlad.

• Semdeg moswavleebi individualurad an erToblivad, xmamaRla kiTxuloben imave taeps/frazas da cdiloben, amjerad Tavad gaakeTon pauzebi sworad. amgvarad kiTxuloben moswavleebi danarCen baraTebsac.

• maswavlebeli kviris ganmavlobaSi ramdenjerme imeorebs mocemul aqtivobas erTi da imave teqstis gamoyenebiT.

• mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi gaiwafebian baraTebze mocemuli teqstis kiTxvaSi, maswavlebeli imave leqss/moTxrobas ukve pirdapir wignidan an dafidan akiTxebs maT. ase grZeldeba manam, sanam moswavleebi gawafulad ar moaxerxeben mTliani teqstis wakiTxvas.

magaliTi: dasaTesi daiTesa, / asakrefi aikrifa / an ikrifeba. / zogan SeiZleba amosaRebia Saqris Warxali, / magram / 19 noembramde masac moaTaveben. / sul male / aRmosavleT saqar-Tvelos mindvrebze / baRi da bostani dacarieldeba, / saxlSi wasaRebi / aRara iqneba-ra.~

(`bunebiskalendari_noemberi~.nikokecxoveli)

frazebad kiTxva 2 (sityvebis jgufebad wakiTxva)


frazebad kiTxva gulisxmobs moswavleebis mier teqstis wakiTxvas frazebad, sasven niS-nebTan SeCerebiTa da saTanado intonaciiT.

am meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi:

• SeZleben teqstis wakiTxvas frazebad (sityvebis dajgufebiT);

• SeZleben pauzebisa da wyvetebis gakeTebas sasven niSnebTan;

• SeZleben xmis tembrisa da tonis adekvatur cvlas sasven niSnebTan.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi, jgufebi.

resursi: dafaze/formatze winaswar dawerili teqsti, romelSic sasveni niSnebi sxva-dasxva feriTaa moniSnuli; teqstis aslebi/wignebi moswavleTa raodenobis mixedviT, feradi fanqrebi (wiTeli, stafilosferi, mwvane, lurji).

msvleloba

mimoxilva da axsna: maswavlebeli eubneba moswavleebs, rom dRes isini ivarjiSeben te-qstis frazebad wakiTxvaSi. frazebad wakiTxvis erT-erTi mTavari maxasiaTebelia, rom ar gavakeToT pauza an ar SevwyvitoT kiTxva sasven niSanTan misvlamde. sasveni niSnebi gvexmareba imis gagebaSi, Tu sad unda SevCerdeT da gavakeToT pauza. aseve, sasven ni-SanTan Cven avuwevT an davuwevT xmas (maswavlebeli akeTebs xmis awevisa da dawevis de-monstrirebas).

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maswavlebeli eubneba bavSvebs, rom frazebad kiTxva mniSvnelovania imisaTvis, rom msme-neli dainteresdes teqstiT da kargad gaigos igi. amgvarad, frazebad kiTxva kargi mki-Txvelis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani maxasiaTebelia.

modelireba: maswavlebeli xmamaRla, frazebis mkveTrad gamoyofiT waukiTxavs bavSvebs teqsts, romelic dawerilia dafaze an formatze. teqstSi TiToeuli sasveni niSani sx-vadasxva feriT aris moniSnuli: mag., wertili aris yvelgan wiTlad aRniSnuli, masTan moswavleebi unda SeCerdnen da xma daadablon. stafilosferiT aRniSnulia mZimeebi, am sasven niSanTan moswavleebma unda gaakeTon mokle pauza, cotaTi daadablon xma da gaagrZelon kiTxva. lurji feriT aRniSnulia Zaxilis niSnebi, masTan moswavleebi unda SeCerdnen da xmas auwion. dialogis tireebi ki aRniSnulia mwvaned, rac moswavleebs mianiSnebs, rom aq viRac laparakobs da warmoTqmisas misi intonacia gadmovceT. sanam xmamaRla kiTxvas daiwyebdes, maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, Tvali miadevnon teqsts da daakvirdnen, rogor icvleba maswavleblis xma TiToeul sasven niSanTan.

arasworad wakiTxva: amjerad maswavlebeli moswavleebs teqsts ukiTxavs ara frazebad, ara pauzebiT, aramed yuradRebas aRar aqcevs sasven niSnebs. is kidev erTxel sTxovs moswavleebs, Tvali adevnon teqsts da ferad sasven niSnebs, raTa amoicnon, ra unda gaekeTebina da ar gaakeTa maswavlebelma kiTxvis dros.

mokle diskusia: maswavleblis TxovniT moswavleebi erTmaneTs uziareben, Tu ra SeniSnes maswavleblis mier teqstis kiTxvis procesSi. sasurvelia maswavlebelma dafaze/for-matze CainiSnos moswavleebis mier gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi.

marTuli praqtika mTel klasTan: maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad kiTxulobs teqsts eqos tipis kiTxviT. is frazebad da saTanado intonaciiT kiTxulobs teqstis pirvel winadadebas, bavSvebi ki erToblivad imeoreben am winadadebas, Tan cdiloben, rom wai-kiTxon frazebad da swori intonaciiT.

erToblivi kiTxva: maswavlebeli da moswavleebi qoros tipis kiTxvis gamoyenebiT kiTxu-loben teqsts frazebad da intonaciiT. kiTxvis dawyebamde maswavlebeli:

a) Seaxsenebs moswavleebs, rom masTan erTad waikiTxon teqsti da Tan Tvali mia-devnon mis kalams/xels, romelsac teqsts ayolebs;

b) Seaxsenebs moswavleebs, rom maT unda waikiTxon gabmulad da pauzebi/wyvetebi gaakeTon mxolod sasven niSnebTan.

wyvilebSi kiTxva: erTi moswavle kiTxulobs teqstis nawils, meore ki usmens da afasebs mis wakiTxuls. momdevno monakveTze moswavleebi cvlian rolebs. maswavlebeli sTxovs bavSvebs, rom Sefasebis dros yuradReba gaamaxvilon, gaiTvaliswina Tu ara maTma mewy-vilem sasveni niSnebi kiTxvis dros.

wyvilebSi kiTxva


meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi wyvilebSi kiTxuloben nacnob teqsts, afaseben rogorc sakuTar, ise mewyvilis wakiTxuls da cdiloben, erTmaneTs daexmaron gawafuli kiTxvis unaris daxvewaSi. meTodi moswavleebs stimuls aZlevs, waikiTxon imaze ukeT, vidre amas Cveulebriv akeTeben.

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am meTodiT kiTxvis dros moswavleebs gamoumuSavdebaT:

• saTanado intonaciiT, sasveni niSnebis gaTvaliswinebiT kiTxvis unari;

• sityvebis frazebad gamTlianebis unari;



• mosmenis unari;

• TviTSefasebisa da urTierTSefasebis unarebi (konstruqciuli ukukavSiris unari);

• TanamSromlobis da urTierTdaxmarebiT swavlis unari.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi

resursi: teqsti/wigni/saxelmZRvanelo moswavleTa raodenobis mixedviT.

msvleloba

• aqtivobisTvis mzadeba: maswavlebeli moswavleebs wyvilebad gadaanawilebs. SearCevs sakiTxav teqsts. wyvilSi sakiTxavad SeiZleba rogorc mravalferovani teqstebis, aseve calkeuli winadadebis, abzacis, gverdis an Tavis gamoyeneba.

SeniSvna: moswavleTa saWiroebebisa da sagakve-Tilo miznebis gaTvaliswinebiT, SesaZlebelia maswavlebelma dawyvilebis sxvadasxva gzas mimar-Tos: mag., ufro kargi mkiTxveli naklebad gawa-ful mkiTxvelTan daawyvilos an kiTxvaSi Tana-brad gawafuli moswavleebi erTad moaxvedros.

• teqstis kiTxva mewyvilisTvis: maswavlebeli wyvilebs unawilebs teqstis monakveTebs (mag., pirvel abzacs waikiTxaven pirveli nomrebi, meore abzacs _ meore nomrebi, mesame abzacs _ isev pirvelebi da a.S.).

moswavleebi jer damoukideblad, Cumad kiTxuloben TavianT monakveTebs, Semdeg miubrundebian erTmaneTs da iwyeben mewyvilisTvis xmamaRla wakiTxvas. wyvilebi erTdroulad (paralelurad) kiTxuloben saSualoze odnav dabali xmiT.

• Secdomebis gasworeba: msmeneli moswavle yuradRebiT usmens mewyviles. wakiTxvis Semdeg Seusworebs Secdomebs da afasebs wakiTxuls, aZlevs rCevebs anu erTgvarad maswavleblis/mwvrTnelis rols asrulebs.

SeniSvna: sasurvelia msmenelma mewyvilem CainiSnos mkiTxveli mewyvilis mier daSvebuli Secdomebi da gasaumjobesebeli maxasiaTeblebi. aseve sasurvelia, rom ukukavSirisTvis klasSi gamoiyenon gawafuli kiTxvis rubrika (Sefasebis sqema) an sagangebo posteri.

• wyvilSi wakiTxvis Semdeg: kiTxvaSi gavarjiSebis Semdeg yoveli moswavle gamoTqvams mosazrebas rogorc sakuTari, aseve mewyvilis wakiTxulTan dakavSirebiT.

variacia

arsebobs `wyvilebSi kiTxvis~ sxvagvari versia, rodesac wyvili kiTxulobs ara teqstis sxvadasxva monakveTs morigeobiT, aramed − erTsa da imaves erTdroulad, xmamaRla, zomieri tempiT. cxadia, wakiTxvis Semdeg maswavlebeli kvlav aZlevs maT saSualebas, isaubron imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor waikiTxes da gauziaron erTmaneTs STabeWdilebebi.

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gameorebiTi kiTxva


`gameorebiTi kiTxva~ gulisxmobs erTi da imave teqstis ramdenjerme wakiTxvas. sasur-velia, teqstis wakiTxvebs Soris iyos erTdRiani Sualedi, Tumca SesaZlebelia teqstis wakiTxva miyolebiT, pauzebis gareSec.

meTodis xSirad gamoyeneba xels uwyobs:

• kiTxvis siCqaris TandaTanobiT zrdas;

• sityvebisa da frazebis uSecdomod kiTxvis unars;

• saTanado intonaciiT kiTxvis unars;

• yuradRebis koncentrirebis unars.

muSaobis forma: individualuri (maswavlebeli muSaobs erT moswavlesTan).

resursi:

• teqsti/wigni, romelic moswavles ukve wakiTxuli aqvs da damoukidebeli kiTxvis donisaa (moswavle uSecdomod kiTxulobs sityvebis 95%-s mainc);

• teqstis ori egzemplari (erTi moswavlisTvis da erTi maswavleblisTvis);

• gameorebiTi wakiTxvis aRricxvis forma (grafiki);

• wammzomi an saaTi;

• fanqari.

msvleloba

pirveli cda: maswavlebeli SeurCevs moswavles (an erToblivad SearCeven) teqsts/teqs-tidan monakveTs, romelic damoukidebeli kiTxvis donisaa (saWiroebebidan gamomdinare, SesaZlebelia, SerCeuli teqsti erTxel ukve wakiTxuli hqondes moswavles aRricxvis dawyebamde). sTxovs mas, waikiTxos miTiTebuli monakveTi SeuCereblad, misTvis sasur-veli, bunebrivi siCqariT.

maswavlebeli teqstis sakuTar variantSi moiniSnavs moswavlis mier daSvebul Secdomebs (Tu moswavle daSvebul Secdomas Tavadve gamoasworebs, Secdomad aRar CaiTvleba).

paralelurad maswavlebeli wammzomis gamoyenebiT iniSnavs dros, romelsac moswavle teqstis kiTxvas moandomebs. miRebuli Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT igi gamoiangariSebs wuTSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis raodenobas (wsws) specialuri formulis gamoyene-biT.

wuTSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis (wsws) gamosaTvleli formulaa:

wsws =(n-m)x60/t

sadac: n aris wakiTxuli teqstis sityvaTa sruli raodenoba;

m aris SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvaTa raodenoba;

t aris mocemuli teqstis wakiTxvis dro wamebSi.

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mag., gagam 126-sityviani teqstis wakiTxvas 2 wuTi da 35 wami moandoma. man 7 sityva arasworad waikiTxa. n = 126; m = 7; t = 155

am monacemebis formulaSi CasmiT gamoviTvliT gagas wsws maCvenebels:

wsws = (126-7)X60/155 = 46

maswavlebeli moswavles sTxovs, momdevno Sexvedramde damoukideblad gaivarjiSos te-qstis kiTxvaSi.

meore cda: momdevno cdis dros maswavlebeli kvlav waakiTxebs moswavles teqsts imave principiT da xelaxla daiangariSebs wsws-s. ase grZeldeba ramdenjerme (3-4-jer).

momdevno gverdze mocemulia gameorebiTi kiTxvis aqtivobis aRricxvis furceli. maswav-lebels SeuZlia daamzados am fuclis asli da gamoiyenos moswavleebTan muSaobisas.

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gameorebiTi wakiTxvis aRricxvis forma (grafiki)

moswavle: klasi: teqsti:

100-101 SeniSnvnebi da daskvnebi

98-99

96-9794-9592-9390-9188-8986-8784-8582-8380-8178-7976-7774-7572-7370-7168-6966-6764-6562-6360-6158-5956-5754-5552-5350-5147-4946-4744-4542-4340-4138-3936-3734-3532-3330-3128-2926-2724-2523-2422-2320-2118-1916-1714-1512-1310-11

TariRi

wakiTxvis rigiTi #

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xmamaRla wakiTxva SecdomebiT


`xmamaRla wakiTxva SecdomebiT~ aris efeqturi gza gawafuli kiTxvis unaris dasaxvewad. maswavleblis mier gangeb arasworad wakiTxul teqstSi Secdomebis aRmoCena moswavleebs exmareba mniSvnelovani unarebis gamomuSavebaSi. esenia:

• sityvebisa da frazebis uSecdomod kiTxvis unari;


• mosmenis unari.


resursi: teqsti/wigni/saxelmZRvanelo TiToeuli moswavlisTvis an moswavleTa wyvili-saTvis, fanqari.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli xmamaRla ukiTxavs moswavleebs nacnob an ukve kargad damuSavebul teqsts;

• moswavleebi yuradRebiT usmenen wakiTxuls da Tvals miadevneben teqsts;

• kiTxvis procesSi maswavlebeli moulodnelad zogierT sityvas Caanacvlebs msgavsi mniSvnelobis sxva sityviT (cxadia, SesaZlebelia gansxvavebuli mniSvnelobis sityviT Canacvlebac);

• moswavleebi cdiloben gaarkvion, romeli sityva Caanacvla maswavlebelma, moZebnon igi teqstSi da Semoxazon.

SeniSvna: kargi iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli am aqtivobas Sejibris saxes miscems da teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg gamoavlens gamarjvebulebs, anu moswavleebs, romelTac maswavleblis mier SecdomiT wakiTxuli yvela sityva moZebnes da moniSnes teqstSi. es gazrdis moswa-vleTa interessa da motivacias.

mkiTxvelTa Teatri da misi variacia


`mkiTxvelTa Teatri~ aris meTodi, romelic gulisxmobs moswavleTa mier winaswar Ser-Ceuli teqstis rolebSi wakiTxvas.

meTodi Zalian efeqturi da Tanac bunebrivi gzaa gawafuli kiTxvis unaris dasaxvewad, radganac moswavleebi TavianT rolebze muSaobis procesSi varjiSoben kiTxvaSi.

`mkiTxvelTa Teatri~ saukeTeso efeqts iZleva xSiri gameorebis SemTxvevaSi. amitomac sasurvelia wlis ganmavlobaSi misi araerTxel ganxorcieleba.

meTodis xSirad gamoyeneba mniSvnelovani unarebis Camoyalibebas uwyobs xels. esenia:

• gamarTulad (gabmulad, swrafad, uSecdomod, intonaciiT) kiTxvis unari;


• mosmenisa da metyvelebis unarebi;

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• socialuri, TanamSromlobiTi da interpersonaluri unarebi;

• TviTSefasebis unari.


resursi: teqsti/wigni/ saxelmZRvanelo TiToeuli moswavlisTvis.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs nawarmoebs. sasurvelia, es iyos naratiuli/TxrobiTi saxis teqsti saintereso gmirebiTa da siuJetiT.

• maswavlebeli teqsts daamuSavebs klasSi samfaziani modelis gamoyenebiT;

• mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi kargad gaiazreben nawarmoebs, maswavlebeli moamzadebs teqsts `mkiTxvelTa Teatris~ dasadgmelad. pirvel rigSi, igi gansazRvravs saWiro raodenobis rolebs;

SeniSvna: Tu rolebis raodenoba zustad ar emTxveva moswavleTa raodenobas klasSi, SesaZlebelia mTxrobelis teqstis danawevreba da gadanawileba moswavleebs Soris.

• maswavlebeli teqsts gadaakeTebs ise, rom miTiTebuli iyos, vin waikiTxavs teqstis TiToeul monakveTs (piesis teqstis msgavsad). (teqstis nimuSi ix. qvemoT);

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs rolebad danawevrebul teqsts da anawilebs rolebs;

SeniSvna: sasurvelia, Tavdapirvelad vrceli da ufro rTuli monakveTebi SedarebiT warmatebul mkiTxvelebs daurigdes.

• moswavleebi individualurad, Cumad ecnobian sakuTar monakveTebs da cdiloben warmoidginon, rogor waikiTxaven teqsts intonaciisa da Jestebis gamoyenebiT;

• individualurad muSaobis Semdeg moswavleebi wyvilSi/jgufSi araerTxel kiTxuloben teqsts da erTmaneTis daxmarebiT cdiloben, daxvewon gamoTqma, intonacia, Jestebi da a.S.;

SeniSvna: kargi iqneba, Tu moswavleebi Tavadve izruneben sakuTari personaJisTvis saxa-siaTo, martivi rekvizitis damzadebazec.

• bolos moswavleebi warmoadgenen `mkiTxvelTa Teatrs;

• aqtivobis Semdeg maswavlebeli gamarTavs Semajamebel diskusias. moswavleebi fi-qroben da msjeloben warmodgenis Zlier da dasaxvew aspeqtebze, sakuTari ro-lis Sesrulebis efeqturobaze. SesaZlebelia, Sejameba sxvagvaradac warimarTos. kerZod: 1. moswavleebma Seavson TviTSefasebis rubrika, romelic Seicavs Sesaty-vis kriteriumebsa da maCveneblebs; (nimuSi ix. qvemoT) 2. Tu moswavleebi mimowe-ris dRiurebs awarmoeben (ix. weris komponenti), sasurvelia, ramdenime Canaweri Catarebuli gakveTilis mimoxilvas mieZRvnas.

SeniSvna: mravalricxovani klasis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia klasis or Tanabar nawilad gayofa. aseT dros pirveli jgufi dadgams warmodgenas, xolo meore auditoriis/mayu-reblis rols Seasrulebs. Semdeg rolebi Seicvleba.

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mkiTxvelTa Teatris Sefaseba

varianti 1: nawarmoebis wakiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli gamarTavs Semajame-bel diskusias moswavleTa refleqsiaze orientirebuli SekiTxvebis dasmiT:

• ras grZnobdiT warmodgenis msvlelobisas?

• mogewonaT Tu ara Cveni wamodgena?

• ra mogewonaT yvelaze metad?

• ris gaumjobeseba SeiZleba Semdgomi warmodgenisaTvis?

varianti 2: moswavleebi akeTeben TviTSefasebis individualur Canawerebs. savaraudo SekiTxvebi:

• rogor Seafasebdi sakuTar rols?

• visi wakiTxuli mogewona yvelaze metad? ratom?

• Sen ras gaaumjobesebdi?

• ra unda gavaumjobesoT (kiTxvis teqnikis kuTxiT) klasSi?

sasurvelia, maswavlebelma SeimuSaos rubrika Sesatyvisi kriteriumebiT da maCveneblebiT. pirveli warmodgenis Semdeg moswavleebi gaecnobian rubrikas da imsjeleben imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramdenad Seesabameboda warmodgena ama Tu im kriteriums. SesaZloa, diskusiis an Canawerebis gacnobis Sedegad rubrika Seivsos/Caswordes. qvemoT mocemulia rubrikis nimuSi. igi gamodgeba rogorc calkeuli moswavlis Sesafaseblad, ise mTliani procesis Sesajameblad. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, maswavlebels SeuZlia gadaakeTos an daamatos esa Tu is kriteriumi da Sesabamisi indikatori/maCveneblebi:

gasaumjobesebeli damakmayofilebeli saukeTeso

uSecdomod

wakiTxva

SecdomiTwakiTxulisityvebisraodenobadidia.

SecdomiTwakiTxulisityvebisraodenobaumniSvneloa.

SecdomiTwakiTxulisityvebiararis.

gamometyvelebiTkiTxva

xmistembrimonotonuridaerTgvarovania. ar

iyenebs maxvilebsa da

pauzebs.

zogjercvlisxmistonalobas. zogjer ar

iyenebs maxvilebsa da

pauzebs.

xSiradcvlisxmistonalobas.iyenebs maxvilebsa da pauzebs.

mimikisadaJestebisgamoyeneba

saxisgamometyvelebadasxeulismoZraobaucvlelia.

umniSvnelodcvlissaxisgamometyvelebasdasxeulismoZraobas.

amdidrebsgamoTqmulwinadadebebs/frazebsSesatyvisimimikiTadasxeulismoZraobiT.

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teqstis nimuSi

jeki da jadosnuri cercvis xe

(baqsnorT TrouTis mixedviT)

mTxrobeli 1: vinc jeks icnobda, verafriT warmoidgenda, rom igi sruliad axalgazrda gamdidrdeboda. Sarvlis marcxena gamoxeuli totidan muxli mouCanda, daglejili mar-jvena fexsacmlidan ki _ cera TiTi. kbilebSi mudam Calis gamxmari Rero hqonda gaCxe-rili. mokled, ver ityodiT, iRbliani biWiao. magram, ai, ra gadaxda Tavs.

mTxrobeli 2: jeki dedasTan erTad cxovrobda. Ratakebi iyvnen. erTaderTi gaZvalt-yavebuli Zroxa hyavdaT, saxelad TeTra. im weliwads maT gaWirvebas gvalvac daerTo. marcvlis mosavali mTlianad ganadgurda. saxlidan qaTmebic ki garbodnen ukeTesi Ta-vSesafris saZebnad. TeTrasac rZe gauSra.

jekis deda: jek, waiyvane Cveni TeTra bazarSi, iqneb vinmem iyidos. wadi, Svilo, cota fuli mainc moitane.

jeki: kargi, dedi, waviyvan.

mTxrobeli 2: uTxra jekma da Zroxas gasZaxa. oriveni gzas gauyvnen. didi manZili ar gauvliaT, rom kunZze Camomjdar erT ucnaur moxuc kacs gadaeyarnen.

moxuci kaci: dila mSvidobisa, jek!

jeki: dila mSvidobisa.

moxuci kaci: Wkviani biWi Canxar, magram sanaZleos davdeb, ver metyvi, ras niSnavs xuTi~.

jeki: rogor ara. xuTi niSnavs or-ors TiTo xelSi da erTsac _ pirSi.

moxuci kaci: Zalian kargi, Sen marTlac sazriani yofilxar. ici, ras getyvi, damiTme eg Zroxa da sanacvlod jadosnur cercvis marcvlebs mogcem.

mTxrobeli 3: moxucma jeks ucnauri ferisa da formis cercvis marcvlebi gauwoda.

jeki: Tavi damanebe, saxlSi fuli unda mivitano.

moxuci kaci: damijere, jek, es jadosnuri marcvlebia, fulsac mogitans da bedniere-basac.

mTxrobeli 3: jekma jer nikapi moiqeqa, mere Tavis gaZvaltyavebul Zroxas gaxeda da moxucs marcvlebi gamoarTva. dedam jeki Zroxis gareSe rom dainaxa, sixaruliT Sehy-vira:

jekis deda: ase swrafad dabrundi, jek? ramdeni mogces ZroxaSi? 3 vercxli? Tu 5? oh, jek, ar miTxra, 10 vercxli aviReo…...

jeki: Sexede am marcvlebs, dedilo! ici, es ra aris?..

mTxrobeli 4: gacecxlebulma dedam marcvlebs fanjaraSi gadauZaxa, Semdeg jeks miu-brunda da ise wauTaqa TavSi, rom biWis garSemo ferad-feradma Citebma daiwyes frena. jeki gaiqca da sawolis qveS daimala.

mTxrobeli 5: diliT fanjridan mzis yviTeli Suqis nacvlad jeks simwvane Seegeba. biWma Tvalebi moifSvnita da isev fanjaraSi gaixeda. hoi, hoi, saocrebav, zustad misi fan-jris win cercvis uzarmazari xe cisken atyorcniliyo. jeki fanjridan gadaZvra da xes axeda. xe iseTi maRali iyo, rom kenwero ar uCanda.

mTxrobeli 6: jekma xeze acoceba daiwyo. icoca, icoca, icoca, icoca, icoca manam, sanam camde ar acocda. xidan Rrubeli fexiT mosinja da zed gadaabija. mere Rrublidan Rru-

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belze navardi daiwyo. amasobaSi moSivda kidec. bevri iara Tu cota iara, lamis mTeli ca gadakveTa da bolos did cixe-koSks miadga. daakakuna. male kari gaiRo. mis win idga yvelaze maRali, yvelaze didi, goliaTi qali, romlis msgavsi jer arasodes aravis enaxa.

jeki: dila mSvidobisa, qalbatono. sauzmed ra gaqvT?

mTxrobeli 6: es Tqva, moxerxebulad gaZvra qalis fexebs Sua da pirdapir samzareuloSi SeiWra. uzarmazari skamis fexs aacocda, Semdeg magidaze gadavida da uzarmazari jami-dan fafis Wamas Seudga.

goliaTis coli: Cemma goliaTma qmarma ar mogiswros da ar daginaxos, rogor miirTmev mis fafas. icode, Sen TviTon gaxdebi misi kerZi.

mTxrobeli 6: am dros didi, mZime karis mojaxunebis xma gaisma.

goliaTi (wamRerebiT):

ie _ fie _ foe _ fums, vgrZnob raRac ucnaur suns! yvelas Cavaknatuneb Semwvars, moxarSuls Tu ums!

goliaTis coli: am spilenZis qvabSi daimale, swrafad, jek.

mTxrobeli 7: biWi spilenZis qvabSi Caxta da saxuravi gadaifara. qvabi did kavze iyo Camokiduli. sakmarisi iyo, vinmes saCxrekiT naRverdali gaeqeqa, rom jeki cecxlze moixarSeboda da kerZad gadaiqceoda.

mTxrobeli 8: goliaTi dajda da sadils Seeqca. kargad rom danayrda, cols Tavisi oqros monetebi moatanina da Tvlas Seudga.

goliaTi: `sami, TerTmeti, cxra, ori, ToTxmeti~.

mTxrobeli 9: goliaTebs maTematika arcTu kargad exerxebaT. Cveni goliaTic male da-Rala angariSma da Zilmoreulma Tavis kanturi daiwyo. am dros jeki qvabidan swrafad amoxta, xeli staca monetebiT savse CanTas, SurduliviT gavarda karSi, xtunviT gadau-qrola Rrublebs da cercvis xeze Tavqve daeSva.

mas Semdeg dedasTan erTad bednierad cxovrobda…...

mTxrobeli 10: ...…mxolod cota xniT. male jeks kvlav ewvia Tavgadasavlis survili. hoda, isev auyva cercvis xes. icoca, icoca, icoca da icoca, xtunva-xtunviT gadairbina Rrublebi da goliaTis sasaxleSi kidev erTxel amoyo Tavi.

goliaTi: ie, fie, foe, fum! …...

mTxrobeli 11: Zlivs gadaurCa im saSinel goliaTs da amjerad dedali gaayola xels. es dedali oqros kvercxebs debda. jeki kvlav SurduliviT gavarda karSi, gadaaxta Rrublebs da meored Camosrialda xidan. miwaze daSvebis Semdeg jeki da dedamisi kidev ufro bednierad cxovrobdnen….…. .

mTxrobeli 12: ...…mxolod mcire xniT. jeks isev wamouara Tavgadasavlis wadilma. hoda, isev acocda, ixtuna, akakuna, miirTva da...

goliaTi: ie, fie, foe, fum!. . .

mTxrobeli 12: amjerad Zlivs gadaurCa goliaTs.

mTxrobeli 13: ai, rogor moxda es. roca goliaTi samzareuloSi Sevida, jeki isev qvabSi daimala. goliaTma Tavisi qnari moiTxova, romelzec TviTonve ukravda. ra Tqma unda, sami taqtis dakvrac ki ver moaswro, rom xvrinva amouSva. jeki qvabidan amoxta da qnars xeli staca. magram sakravma kivili morTo.

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qnari: batono, batono!

mTxrobeli 14: vin ifiqrebda, rom am lamaz instruments aseTi gamkivani xma eqneboda?! goliaTs gamoeRviZa da jeks gamoenTo. miuxedavad imisa, rom Tavqudmoglejili miqro-da, jekma mainc Zlivs miaswro cercvis xemde.

mTxrobeli 15: jeki Tavqve micocavda da micocavda, goliaTi wamoewia da kinaRam daiWira.

jeki: culi, deda, culi momitane, Cqara!

mTxrobeli 15: miwaze fexi dadga Tu ara, dedas culi gamoglija da...

yvela erTad: jax! jax! jax! jax!

mTxrobeli 15: biWma cercvis xe ZirSi gadaWra.

goliaTi: vaiiiii!

mTxrobeli 16: xe Zirs daeca. masTan erTad goliaTic daenarcxa da miwa Caitana. im ad-gilas uzarmazari, Rrma ormo gaCnda, romelic erT-or weliwadSi wyliT gaivso da mSvenier tbad gadaiqca. rogorc vici, deda-Svili axlac bednierad cxovrobs. Tu maT saxlTan axlos CaivliT, mokiTxva gadaeciT...

radiokiTxva (mkiTxvelTa Teatris variacia)

radiokiTxva aris `mkiTxvelTa Teatris~ garTulebuli nairsaxeoba, rodesac moswavle kiTxulobs mTlian teqsts klasis winaSe da yvela rols TviTon ganasaxierebs.

kiTxva buqsiriT


`kiTxva buqsiriT~ efeqturi meTodia gawafuli kiTxvis unaris gansaviTareblad.

misi xSirad gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi moswavleebs gamoumuSavdebaT:



• mosmenis unari.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, mTeli klasi.

resursi: didi wigni an did formatze dawerili teqsti.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli kiTxulobs moswavleebisaTvis TvalsaCinod ganTavsebul teqsts;• moswavleebi eqod kiTxuloben mis wakiTxuls;• maswavlebeli bavSvebisTvis moulodnelad cvlis kiTxvis temps (kiTxulobs ufro

nela, an ufro swrafad;• moswavleebi cdiloben, maswavleblis msgavsad waikiTxon teqsti;• tempis cvlilebis Semdeg maswavlebeli cvlis xmis tembrs da tons. magaliTad,

kiTxulobs ufro boxi an Cumi xmiT, simReriT da a.S.

• moswavleebi SeZlebisdagvarad imeoreben imas, rasac maswavlebeli akeTebs.

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simReris teqstis wakiTxva


meTodi gulisxmobs nacnobi simReris teqstis kiTxvaSi gavarjiSebas.

aqtivobis xSiri gamoyenebiT moswavleebs uviTardebaT:

• gawafuli kiTxvis unari;

• mosmenis unari;

• yuradRebis koncentrirebis unari.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, wyvilebi, mTeli klasi.

resursi: simReris teqsti, simReris audioCanaweri, audiomagnitofoni (fleeri an kom-piuteri) xmis gamaZliereblebiT.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli arCevs moswavleTa sayvarel an maTTvis nacnob simReras. amzadebs simReris audioCanawers da teqstis TiTo egzemplars yvela moswavlisaTvis;

• maswavlebeli asmeninebs moswavleebs simReris Canawers da yuradRebas amaxvilebinebs mis teqstze;

• Semdeg urigebs moswavleebs simReris teqsts da avarjiSebs mis gawafulad kiTxvaSi;

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia am dros maswavlebelma gamoiyenos kiTxvis sxvadasxva strategia: qoros tipis kiTxva, eqod kiTxva, wyvilSi kiTxva da a.S.

• moswavleebi varjiSoben manam, sanam teqstis uSecdomod da efeqturad wakiTxvas ar SeZleben;

• bolo etapze moswavleebi teqsts melodiis TanxlebiT kiTxuloben.

ucnauri xmebiT kiTxva


`ucnauri xmebiT kiTxva~ gulisxmobs nacnobi teqstis araerTxel wakiTxvas sxvadasxva xmiT.

misi xSirad gamoyeneba mniSvnelovnad zrdis kiTxvis motivacias da aumjobesebs kiTxvis teqnikas.

am meTodis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs uviTardebaT:

• gawafuli kiTxvis unari;


• mosmenisa da metyvelebis unarebi.


resursi: teqsti moswavleTa radenobis mixedviT, emociis baraTebi, yuTi/qila/tomsika baraTebis Casayrelad.

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msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs `emociis baraTebs~. es aris mcire zomis baraTebi, romlebzec sxvadasxva emociis gamomsaxveli naxatebia mocemuli da miwerili aqvs emociis Sesabamisi sityva;

• maswavlebeli aTavsebs baraTebs patara yuTSi/qilaSi/tomsikaSi da moswavleebs urigebs winaswar SerCeul wasakiTx teqsts;

• moswavleebi morigeobiT amoiReben yuTidan baraTebs da masze mocemuli emociis Sesabamisad kiTxuloben teqsts/teqstis konkretul monakveTs. mag., moswavle, romelsac Sexvda baraTi `momRerali~, wamRerebiT kiTxulobs teqsts, `myvirali~ xmis aweviT kiTxulobs saTanado monakveTs da a.S.

supersiCqare


moswavleebi erTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi wyvilebSi morigeobiT kiTxuloben TiTo sityvas maTTvis gadacemuli sityvebis nusxidan. momdevno wakiTxvisas isini cdiloben gaaum-jobeson wina jerze miRweuli Sedegi anu ufro meti sityvis wakiTxva moaswron. misi ganxorcieleba SeiZleba kviraSi ramdenjerme.

am aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs:

• ganuviTardebaT sityvebis myisierad da avtomaturad cnobis unari;

• daamaxsovrdebaT bevri xSiri/cnobadi sityvis grafikuli xati;

• ganuviTardebaT swrafad kiTxvis unari.

resursi: klasis Sesabamisi sityvebis nusxa (100 an 200 sityviT).


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli urigebs moswavleebs `supersiCqaris~ sityvebis sias;

SeniSvna: meore da mesame klasebSi sakmarisia 100-sityviani siis Seqmna, xolo meoTxe klasSi saWiroa 150 an 200-sityviani sia. maswavlebels SeuZlia pirdapir aiRos sityvebi qvemoT mocemuli xSiri/cnobadi sityvebis nusxidan an Caanacvlos zogierTi sityva gan-vlili teqstebidan (sityvebis siis nimuSi ix. qvemoT).

• maswavlebeli daawyvilebs erTmaneTTan maRali da dabali moswrebis mqone moswavleebs. SesaZlebelia samwevriani jgufebis Seqmnac;

• sTxovs moswavleebs, gainawilon nomrebi (pirveli da meore an pirveli, meore da mesame);

• miscems ramdenime wuTs, raTa sityvebs gadaxedon;

• maswavlebeli eubneba moswavleebs: `gTxovT, rom mimdevrobiT waikiTxoT TiTo sityva mocemuli siidan rac SeiZleba swrafad. pirvel sityvas waikiTxavs pirveli nomeri, meores – meore, Semdegs isev pirveli, momdevnos meore da ase Semdeg. gTxovT, rom sityvebi waikiTxoT gaelvebasaviT, anu superswrafad. amisTvis erT wuTs gaZlevT. Tu sityvas ver icnobT, mewyvilem waikiTxos~;

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• iniSnavs erTi wuTs da drois amowurvisTanave SeaCerebs bavSvebs;

• sTxovs wyvilebs, rom xazi Camousvan im sityvis Semdeg, romelic bolos waikiTxes;

• aZlevs Sedegis gaumjobesebis SesaZleblobas da sTxovs, Tavidan daiwyon, oRond amjerad sityvebis kiTxvas meore daiwyebs (amgvarad, orive moswavles mouwevs yvela sityvis wakiTxva)

sityvebis sia

da, ar, ra, rom, me, patara, arc, ki, iyo, Zalian, erTxel, is, dainaxa, mere, sul, erTi, ara, didi, Tu, isev, deda, biWi, aris, ici, uceb, rogor, magram, unda, xar, xe, modis, aqvs, ezo, aRar, es, var, xoWo, acvia, am, kargi, aba, Sen, erT, ver, male, xom, ufro, Tqva, bebia, dRes, xma, hkiTxa, axla, vin, ai, ise, bolos, mama, ras, aq, Tavisi, Cemi, upasuxa, wyali, kar-gad, modi, xan, iq, rac, Seni, kidev, erTad, mas, mivida, nu, bevri, ratom, ori, Cven, gza, maqvs, wavida, Cems, dros, meore, kaci, an, iqiT, aqeT, Rrubeli, Tavi, spilo, puri, papa, yvela, lamazi, guli, sad, tye, jer, naZvi, minda, civa, cxela, roca, ase, Sin, wvima, kata, xeli, mze, yveli, uTxra, mec, Semdeg, Turme, cxovrobs, feradi, mxolod, dila, Tvali, yvelaze, igi, sityva, winadadeba, eg, rogori, imitom, babua, Semodgoma, Tqveni, codna, pirveli, romeli, Sesaxeb, mier, ginda, ramdeni, maT, Senc, foToli, teqsti, amis, Savi, ris, zRapari, ris, tkbili, Svili, xili, misi, vis, sxva, kvlav, amoiRo, moTxroba, oqro, rodis, idga, qudi, ipova, Tan, hqvia, im, mainc, icinis, gaiqca, raRac, qveS, Wreli, naxe, cota, mTvare, amitom, Citi, Cveni, mTeli, maSin, aseTi, pepela, axali, Zveli, saRamo, Ta-gvi, yvavili, kudi, TamaSobs, qolga, SeiZleba, saxli, magida, skami, fexi, marto, akeTebs, sadac, megobari, kedeli, albaT.

moswavlis wakiTxulis audioCanawerebi


moswavleebi akeTeben sakuTari wakiTxulis audioCanawers. jer damoukideblad varji-Soben SerCeuli teqstis wakiTxvaSi, Semdeg xmamaRla kiTxuloben da Tan akeTeben au-dioCanawers. Casawerad SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva mowyobilobis gamoyeneba. erT-erTia kompiuteruli programa AUDACITY, romelic SegiZliaT ufasod CamotvirToT vebgverdi-dan: http://sourceforge.net/projects/audacity/. am programas moswavleebi advilad aiTviseben. SesaZlebelia xmis Casawerad mobiluri telefonis saSualebiTac.

am aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs ganuviTardebaT:

• gawafulad kiTxvis unari;

• sakuTari da sxvis mier xmamaRla wakiTxulis Sefasebis unari;

• xmamaRla wakiTxvis sxvadasxva aspeqtze yuradRebis gamaxvilebis unari.


resursi: Sesaferisi sirTulis teqsti; xmis Camweri mowyobiloba.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavlesTan SeTanxmebiT SearCevs Casawer teqsts;

• sTxovs moswavles, rom klasSi samjer waikiTxos teqsti. SesaZlebelia, teqstis Sin gatanebac damatebiT savarjiSod;

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavles, gaakeTos wakiTxulis audioCanaweri;

http://sourceforge.net/projects/audacity/

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SeniSvna: Canaweris gakeTeba SesaZlebelia: a) klasSi, roca moswavleTa ZiriTadi jgufi Cu-mad asrulebs damoukidebel samuSaos; b) gakveTilebis Semdeg; g) saSinao davalebis saxiT.

• maswavlebeli moasmeninebs moswavles Canawers da sTxovs, daakvirdes gawafuli kiTxvis maxasiaTeblebs (sasurvelia, gamoiyenos Sefasebis rubrika an posteri;)

• sTxovs, rom Seavsos TviTSefasebis forma (mag., dawere ori komplimenti da da erTi rCeva);

• Semdeg xelaxla waikiTxos da gaakeTos Canaweri;

• mousminos da daakvirdes, ramdenad gaumjobesda wakiTxva (sasurvelia am dros gamoiyenos TviTSefasebis Sevsebuli forma);

• moswavlem unda Seinaxos saboloo Canaweri da audiofaili gaugzavnos maswavlebels.

daxmarebiT (skafoldingiT) kiTxva


am martivi da efeqturi aqtivobis Sesrulebisas moswavle xmamaRla kiTxulobs teqts, xolo gawafuli mkiTxveli Cumad miadevnebs Tvals. Tu moswavlem Secdoma dauSva, damx-mare mkiTxveli mas Secdomas Seusworebs.

resursi: Sesaferisi sirTulis teqsti/wigni.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi (moswavle da damxmare.)

msvleloba

momzadeba: maswavlebeli, mSobeli, ufrosklaseli an Tanaklaseli, romelic damxmare mkiTxvelis rols Seasrulebs, winaswar unda gaecnos daxmarebiT kiTxvis meTods (pro-ceduras.)

• maswavlebeli jdeba moswavlesTan erTad mSvid adgilas, xmaurisgan moSorebiT. daidebs teqsts imgvarad, rom moswavlec da Tavadac kargad xedavdnen mas. SesaZlebelia samuSaod teqstis ori egzemplaris gamoyeneba;

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavles, daiwyos xmamaRla kiTxva. sTxovs, rom rac SeiZleba kargad waikiTxos;

• moswavlis kiTxvisas maswavlebeli Tvals ayolebs teqsts;

• Tu moswavle arasworad amoikiTxavs sityvas an 5 wamze metxans gaCerdeba ama Tu im sityvasTan, maswavlebeli eubneba sityvis swor variants da sTxovs, rom xelaxla waikiTxos sityva. Semdeg moswavle kvlav agrZelebs xmamaRla kiTxvas;

SeniSvna: SecdomiT wakiTxuli sityvis xelaxla wakiTxvis Semdeg SesaZlebelia, maswavle-belma igive winadadeba xelaxla waakiTxos moswavles.

maswavlebeli drodadro Seaqebs moswavles kargad wakiTxvisTvis. Seqebisas yuradRebas gaamaxvilebs kiTxvis ama Tu im konkretul aspeqtze (mag., `Sen kargad warmoTqvam grZel sityvebs. yoCaR, momwons!~)

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gawafuli kiTxvis Semowmeba, progresis monitoringi da Sefaseba

gawafuli kiTxvis monitoringisa da SefasebisTvis gamoiyeneba ramdenime efeqturi instrumenti:

• sityvebis wakiTxvis erTwuTiani individualuri testi. moswavle xmamaRla kiTxulobs calkeul sityvebs. testis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli daiangariSebs wuTSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis raodenobas.

• teqstis wakiTxvis erTwuTiani individualuri testi. moswavle xmamaRla kiTxulobs gabmul teqsts. testis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli daiangariSebs wuTSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis raodenobas.

• fsevdosityvebis wakiTxvis erTwuTiani individualuri testi. moswavle xmamaRla kiTxulobs calkeul fsevdosityvebs. testis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli daiangariSebs sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis raodenobas, aseve, moniSnavs im asoebs, romlebzec moswavle yvelaze xSirad uSvebda Secdomas an ferxdeboda.

• gawafuli kiTxvis Sefasebis rubrikebi. gawaful kiTxvaSi TviTSefaseba metad sasargebloa moswavleebisTvis. amisaTvis kargia specialuri rubrikis gamoyeneba. saukeTeso SemTxvevaSi gawafuli kiTxvis posteri saklaso oTaxSi TvalsaCino adgilasaa gamokruli. periodulad maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, imsjelon sakuTari kiTxvis gawafulobaze posterze mocemuli kriteriumebis mixedviT.

• marTuli praqtikis procesi. maswavlebeli Tvalyurs miadevnebs xmamaRla kiTxvis process da akeTebs CaniSvnebs sakuTar wignakSi/rveulSi. CaniSvnebi exmareba maswavlebels moswavleTa miRwevebisa da saWiroebebis gansazRvraSi, praqtikuli savarjiSoebisa da sakiTxavi masalis SerCevaSi, moswavleTa dawyvilebasa da dajgufebaSi.

1. sityvebis wakiTxvis testi

testis daniSnuleba: sityvebis dekodirebisa da/an avtomaturad cnobis unaris Semowmeba. kiTxvis dros swori da swrafi dekodirebis, asoebisa da asoTa kombinaciebis gadabmis unari gamarTuli kiTxvis mniSvnelovani sayrdenia.


testis Catarebis vadebi: qarTuli ena: pirveli da meore klasebi. qarTuli, rogorc meore ena: meore, mesame da meoTxe klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba TiToeuli semestris dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba SeiZleba Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi. zogierTi moswavlisTvis, saWiroebisamebr, SesaZlebelia testis Catareba dawyebiTi safexuris zeda klasebSic.


testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) maswavleblis furceli, b) moswavlis furceli, g) saaTi an wamzomi.

testis Catarebis procedura: drois aTvla iwyeba maSin, rodesac moswavle pirveli sityvis kiTxvas daiwyebs. Semfasebeli moniSnavs mxolod SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvebs maTze daxrili xazis (/) gadasmiT. Tu moswavle ver waikiTxavs sityvas 3 wamis ganmavlobaSi, Semfasebeli waukiTxavs da gadaxazavs am sityvas, moswavle ki agrZelebs momdevno sityvis wakiTxvas. Tu moswavle fonemebad/bgerebad an marcvlebad kiTxulobs da Semdgom ver

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aerTianebs an arasworad aerTianebs, es Secdomad eTvleba da Semfasebeli gadaxazavs am sityvas. Tu moswavle xelmeored da sworad waikiTxavs SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvas, Semfasebeli meore daxril xazs (\) gadausvams ise, rom gamovides (X). es TviTSesworebas niSnavs da Secdomad ar iTvleba. 60 wamis gasvlis Semdeg Semfasebeli gaaCerebs moswavles da bolos warmoTqmuli sityvis Semdeg dasvams figurul frCxils (]). testis administrirebis dasrulebis Semdeg Semfasebeli daiTvlis sworad dasaxelebuli sityvebis saerTo raodenobas da Cawers cxrilis qvemoT.

Semfaseblis miTiTebebi moswavles. `modi, axla sityvebi wavikiTxoT xmamaRla. kiTxvas furclis dasawyisidan daiwyeb (Semfasebeli mianiSnebs pirvel sityvaze) da mTel xazs CaikiTxav, Semdeg meore xazze gadaxval (Semfasebeli Tan uCvenebs TiTis gayolebiT). Tu romelime sityva Zneli wasakiTxi iqneba, me dagexmarebi da wagikiTxav am sityvas, Semdeg ki isev gaagrZeleb kiTxvas. gasagebia? maSin daviwyoT~. zemoaRniSnulis demonstrirebisaTvis Semfasebeli sityvebis pirvel or xazze gaayolebs TiTs marcxnidan marjvniv. drois aTvla iwyeba maSin, rodesac moswavle kiTxvas Seudgeba (da ara miTiTebebis micemisas). testirebis dasrulebis Semdeg Semfasebeli ambobs: `yoCaR, didi madloba!~

qulebis miniWeba

Tu moswavle:

• Tavad Seasworebs mis mier daSvebul Secdomas, am sityvis zemoT dawereT /TS/ da CaTvaleT swor pasuxad.

• arasworad waikiTxavs sityvas, gadaxazeT es sityva da CauTvaleT araswor pasuxad.

• 3 wamze met xans ver waikiTxavs sityvas, Tqven warmoTqviT es sityva da CauTvaleT araswor pasuxad.

sityvas gamotovebs, SemoxazeT sityva da moswavles araswor pasuxad CauTvaleT.

155

nimuSi: II klasi sityvebis wakiTxva


moswavle: klasi:


xe ra kari Cven midis 5

dila magida wvims mTvare abazana 10

var meti gvian filmi axlos 15

karaqi adgoma civi Txovna avtori 20

zeg Savi quCa bargi maRali 25

celqi bodiSi axvelebs Jurnali yuradRebiT 30

meti Weri yava sufTa TviTon 35

motana wamali gaCereba sauzme darekva 40

buneba Tve auzi Saqari mwife 45

lamazi nisli oTxSabaTi andaza mReris 50

meti cirki sagani mardad nayofi 55

CaxCaxa klouni ucnobi aRwers nebarTva 60

arayi qerqi pasuxi friala mnaTobi 65

jejili uneblieT drunCi aZvra cecxli 70

comi arseba mSvidi iwereba daraji 75

momavali gizgizi tyemali zogjer carieli 80

nazad mepure WiSkari uRrani samkauli 85

CakbiCa unagiri Sxapuna borbali misalmeba 90

fesvi aTeuli trabaxi warwera SearCie 95

uTavaza marjve yunwi xelmwife zedmeti 100

jiSi saWiro tyuili bardnis msgavsi 105

iaraRi ganwyoba patiosani sibraluli mwyemsi 110

ratom muqTa Sandali siZunwe moWadrake 115

rebusi sxvadasxva waTvlima ganagrZe fotoaparati 120

sworia: _____ / 120

156

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sityvebis wakiTxva

moswavlis furceli

xe ra kari Cven midis

dila magida wvims mTvare abazana

var meti gvian filmi axlos

karaqi adgoma civi Txovna avtori

zeg Savi quCa bargi maRali

celqi bodiSi axvelebs Jurnali yuradRebiT

meti Weri yava sufTa TviTon

motana wamali gaCereba sauzme darekva

buneba Tve auzi Saqari mwife

lamazi nisli oTxSabaTi andaza mReris

meti cirki sagani mardad nayofi

CaxCaxa klouni ucnobi aRwers nebarTva

arayi qerqi pasuxi friala mnaTobi

jejili uneblieT drunCi aZvra cecxli

comi arseba mSvidi iwereba daraji

momavali gizgizi tyemali zogjer carieli

nazad mepure WiSkari uRrani samkauli

CakbiCa unagiri Sxapuna borbali misalmeba

fesvi aTeuli trabaxi warwera SearCie

uTavaza marjve yunwi xelmwife zedmeti

jiSi saWiro tyuili bardnis msgavsi

iaraRi ganwyoba patiosani sibraluli mwyemsi

ratom muqTa Sandali siZunwe moWadrake

rebusi sxvadasxva waTvlima ganagrZe fotoaparati

157

2. fsevdosityvebis wakiTxvis testi

testis daniSnuleba: testi amowmebs dekodirebis unars. dekodireba gamarTuli/gawafuli kiTxvis teqnikis erT-erTi sakvanZo komponentia. is moicavs asoebis sworad amocnobisa da gadabmis unarebs. zogjer am unarebis gadamowmeba saWiroa imaSi dasarwmuneblad, rom moswavle mTliani sityvebis avtomaturad cnobis garda sworad dekodirebasac axerxebs.

testis tipi: individualuri.

testis Catarebis vadebi: meore da mesame klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba saswavlo wlis dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba SeiZleba Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi.

testis xangrZlivoba: 60 wami .

testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) maswavleblis furceli; b) moswavlis furceli; g) saaTi an wammzomi.

testis Catarebis procedura: drois aTvla iwyeba maSin, rodesac moswavle pirveli sityvis kiTxvas daiwyebs. maswavlebeli moniSnavs mxolod SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvebs daxrili xazis (/) gadasmiT. Tu moswavle xelmeored da sworad waikiTxavs SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvas, maswavlebeli meore daxril xazs (\) gadausvams ise, rom gamovides (X), rac TviTSesworebas niSnavs da Secdomad ar iTvleba. Tu moswavle ver waikiTxavs sityvas, maswavlebeli waukiTxavs da gadaxazavs mas. 60 wamis gasvlis Semdeg maswavlebeli gaaCerebs moswavles da bolos warmoTqmuli sityvis Semdeg dasvams kvadratul frCxils (]). testis administrirebis dasrulebis Semdeg Semfasebeli daiTvlis sworad amokiTxuli sityvebis saerTo raodenobas da Cawers cxrilis qvemoT.

miTiTebebi moswavles. am furcelze ucnauri sityvebi weria. modi, vcadoT da es sityvebi xmamaRla wavikiTxoT. kiTxvas furclis Tavidan daiwyeb (maswavlebeli mianiSnebs pirvel sityvaze) da mTel xazs CaikiTxav, Semdeg meore xazze gadaxval (maswavlebeli Tan uCvenebs TiTis gayolebiT). Tu romelime sityva Zneli wasakiTxi iqneba, me dagexmarebi da wagikiTxav, Semdeg ki isev gaagrZeleb kiTxvas. gasagebia? maSin, daviwyoT~. testirebis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli ambobs: `yoCaR, didi madloba»!

158

gaw

aful

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i k

iT

xva

fsevdosityvebis wakiTxvis testi


moswavle: klasi:


5keldosegubivisuz

10ilansguratinzigiijel

15ktisegiwmarirxiponufaTqe

20buvuxCehunqicbaxopiedvatek

25gvizilupreTiplanSodaZaovroxi

30qiskopuwediRmiSkeladarwamsnefur

sworia: _____ / 30

fsevdosityvebis wakiTxva

moswavlis furceli

keldosegubivisuz

ilansguratinzigiijel

ktisegiwmarirxiponufaTqe

buvuxCehunqicbaxopiedvatek

gvizilupreTiplanSodaZaovroxi

qiskopuwediRmiSkeladarwamsnefur

159

3. teqstis wakiTxvis testi

testis daniSnuleba: teqstis gamarTulad wakiTxvis unaris Semowmeba. gamarTuli kiTxvis teqnika kiTxvis erT-erTi sakvanZo komponentia. is moicavs teqstis uSecdomod, gabmulad, swrafad da gamometyvelebiT wakiTxvas. kiTxvis teqnikuri mxaris gamarTva xels uwyobs moswavles gageba-gaazrebaSi.


testis Catarebis vadebi: qarTuli ena: meore, mesame, meoTxe da mexuTe klasebi. qarTuli, rogorc meore ena: mesame, meoTxe da mexuTe klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba TiToeuli semestris dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba SeiZleba Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi.


testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) maswavleblis furceli; b) moswavlis furceli; g) saaTi an wammzomi.

testis Catarebis procedura: drois aTvla iwyeba maSin, rodesac moswavle saTauris Semdeg pirveli sityvis kiTxvas daiwyebs. Semfasebeli moniSnavs mxolod SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvebs daxrili xazis ( / ) gadasmiT. Tu moswavle xelmeored da sworad waikiTxavs SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvas, Semfasebeli meore daxril xazs ( \ ) gadausvams ise, rom gamovides ( X ), rac TviTSesworebas niSnavs da Secdomad ar iTvleba. Tu moswavle ver waikiTxavs sityvas 3 wamis ganmavlobaSi, Semfasebeli ukiTxavs am sityvas da gadaxazavs mas. 60 wamis gasvlis Semdeg Semfasebeli gaaCerebs moswavles da bolos warmoTqmuli sityvis Semdeg dasvams kvadratul frCxils ( ] ). drois amowurvis mere Semfasebeli moswavles daasrulebinebs dawyebuli winadadebis an abzacis wakiTxvas. kiTxvis damTavrebis Semdeg aRiniSneba, kiTxulobda Tu ara moswavle sasveni niSnebis gaTvaliswinebiTa da intonaciiT. Tu moswavle saTaurs waikiTxavs, saTauris marjvniv dausviT (+). saboloo qulis gamosaTvlelad Semfasebeli moswavlis mier wakiTxuli sityvebis saerTo raodenobas gamoaklebs SecdomiT wakiTxuli/gamotovebuli sityvebis raodenobas, rac gvaZlevs 60 wamSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis saerTo raodenobas (wsws). saTauris wakiTxva-arwakiTxva qulebiT ar fasdeba.

miTiTebebi moswavles: axla me gadmogcem furcels, romelzec moTxroba weria. Sen unda waikiTxo is xmamaRla, Cveulebrivad, rogorc kiTxulob xolme. kiTxvas ai, aqedan daiwyeb (Semfasebeli TiTiT uCvenebs pirvel sityvas). Tu romelime sityva Zneli wasakiTxi iqneba, me dagexmarebi da getyvi am sityvas, Semdeg ki isev gaagrZeleb kiTxvas. ecade, yuradRebiTa da didi mondomebiT Seasrulo es davaleba. gasagebia? maSin, daviwyoT~.

testirebis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli ambobs: `yoCaR, didi madloba»!

qulebis miniWeba

• moswavle yovel sworad wakiTxul sityvaSi 1 qulas iRebs.

• Tu moswavle sityvas arasworad warmoTqvams, Semfasebeli Sesabamis sityvas gadausvams daxril Strixs ( / ) (es Secdomas niSnavs).

• Tu moswavle xelmeored da ukve sworad waikiTxavs Tavdapirvelad SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvas, Semfasebelma am sityvasTan unda miaweros (TS), rac TviTSesworebas niSnavs. qulebis saboloo dajamebisas TviTSesworeba Secdomad ar iTvleba (moswavle iRebs qulas).

• saboloo qulis gamosaTvlelad Semfasebeli wakiTxuli sityvebis saerTo raodenobas gamoaklebs SecdomebiT wakiTxuli (gadaxazuli) sityvebis raodenobas, rac gvaZlevs ”60 wamSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis saerTo raodenobas”.

160

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teqstis wakiTxvis testi


moswavle: klasi:


WianWvela da futkari

idga gazafxuli. mindorSi feradi yvavilebi amosuliyo. irgvliv saocari surneli trialebda. erTma WianWvelam lamazi yvavili ipova. jer Reroze acocda, Semdeg gulSi Cacocda da saqmes Seudga. amasobaSi futkaric mofrinda. WianWvelas ar esiamovna misi danaxva.

_ Tavi nu amatkive amdeni bzuiliT! me Senze naklebs ar vSromob, magram qveyanas ar vayrueb trabaxiT! _ Seutia WianWvelam futkars. Taflis ostats gaecina, odnavadac ar gabrazebula.

_ ra vqna, Zmao! Sen Tu muSaob, mxolod Seni TavisTvis, me ki Cemi SromiT Cems Tavsac vadgebi da xalxsac. trabaxi ki gulSic ar gamivlia, RmerTma aseTi bzuila gamaCina, _ mSidad miugo futkarma da sxva yvavilisken gafrinda.

8182832

445356

708290

wakiTxuli sityvebis raodenoba: _______ , Secdomebis raodenoba: ________ ,

erT wuTSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis raodenoba: _______ .

1. kiTxulobda Tu ara moswavle sasveni niSnebis gaTvaliswinebiT?

a) ki b) ara

2. kiTxulobda Tu ara moswavle intonaciiT?

a) ki b) ara

161

teqstis wakiTxva

moswavlis furceli

WianWvela da futkari

idga gazafxuli. mindorSi feradi yvavilebi amosuliyo. irgvliv saocari surneli trialebda. erTma WianWvelam lamazi yvavili ipova. jer Reroze acocda, Semdeg gulSi Cacocda da saqmes Seudga. amasobaSi futkaric mofrinda. WianWvelas ar esiamovna misi danaxva.

– Tavi nu amatkive amdeni bzuiliT! me Senze naklebs ar vSromob, magram qveyanas ar vayrueb trabaxiT! – Seutia WianWvelam futkars. Taflis ostats gaecina, odnavadac ar gabrazebula.

– ra vqna, Zmao! Sen Tu muSaob, mxolod Seni TavisTvis, me ki Cemi SromiT Cems Tavsac vadgebi da xalxsac. trabaxi ki gulSic ar gamivlia, RmerTma aseTi bzuila gamaCina, – mSvidad miugo futkarma da sxva yvavilisken gafrinda.

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testis Sevsebuli varianti

163

gamarTuli kiTxvis Sefasebis (TviTSefasebis) rubrika

1. frazebad kiTxva/sityvebis dajgufeba. me vici, rom azrs ramdenime sityva erTad gad-moscems. amitom xmamaRla kiTxvisas sityvaTa jgufebs vkiTxulob da ara calkeul sity-vebs. Cemi wakiTxuli advili mosasmenia da azrs kargad gadmoscems.

me vcdilob, frazebad da-vajgufo sityvebi. zogjer or-sam sityvas gadavabam xolme, Tumca zogjer isev TiTo-TiTo sityvas vkiTxu-lob, robotiviT.

me calkeul sityvebs vkiTx-ulob. zogjer sityvebsac aso-aso da marcval-marcval vkiTxulob, robotiviT ga-momdis.

kiTxvisas me frazebad va-jgufeb sityvebs. frazebad wakiTxuli ukeT gadmoscems azrsa da emocias.

2. kiTxvis tempi. me zomieri tempiT vkiTxulob, arc zedmetad swrafad da arc Zalian nela.

me Zalian nela vkiTxulob. yoveli sityvis wakiTxvas did xans vandomeb. imdenad nela vkiTxulob, rom azris gamota-na Znelia.

me vaneleb kiTxvas, roca uc-nob sityvas vxvdebi. aseT dros vCerdebi da sityvas vimeoreb. zogjer nela vkiTxulob, zo-gjer zedmetad swrafad. zo-gjer wakiTxulidan azri ver gamomaqvs da vyovndebi.

ise vkiTxulob, rogorc vlaparakob. mxolod maSin vaneleb kiTxvas, roca es azris da grZnobis ukeT ga-mosaxatadaa saWiro.

3. punqtuacia / sasveni niSnebi. me viTvaliswineb sasven niSnebs, romlebic mexmareba kargad wakiTxvaSi. vukvirdebi, ra gavlenas axdens sasveni niSnebi winadadebaSi gadmocemul azr-ze. sasveni niSnebis gaTvaliswinebiT kiTxva kargi mosasmenia da azris gagebasac aadvilebs.

me yuradRebas ar vaqcev wer-tilebs, mZimeebs, kiTxvis niSnebs, Zaxilis niSnebsa da brWyalebs. Cemi wakiTxuli kargad ar ismineba da azris gamotanac Znelia.

rogorc wesi, yuradRebas va-qcev sasven niSnebs. zogjer Secdomas vuSveb kiTxvaSi maTi gamoyenebisas.

yovelTvis viTvaliswineb sas-ven niSnebs. amitom Cem mier wakiTxuli kargad ismineba da msmenels azris gamotanac uadvildeba.

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4. gamometyvelebiT wakiTxva. me gamarTulad vkiTxulob. vcvli intonacias da xmis tembrs. amitom wakiTxuli sainteresod ismineba da azris gamotana advilia.

mosawyenad vkiTxulob. ar vc-vli xmis tembrsa da tons.

vcdilob, wakiTxva monotonu-ri da mosawyeni ar iyos. zog-jer arasworad viyeneb into-naciasa da xmas.

me gamometyvelebiT vkiTxu-lob. vcvli xmis tembrs da intonacias. sworad vakeTeb pauzebsa da maxvilebs. Cemi wakiTxuli saintereso da emo-ciuria.

saklaso posteri gamarTuli/gawafuli kiTxvis TviTSefasebisTvis

165

• raarisleqsikurimaragidarakavSiriaqvsmasgageba-

gaazrebasTan?

• rogorswavlobenbavSvebisityvebs?

• rogorgavumdidroTmoswavleebsleqsikurimaragi?

efeqturimeTodebidaresursebi.

• rogorSevamowmoTmoswavleTaleqsikurimaragi?

Tavi V

leqsikuri maragi

166

leqs

iku

ri m

arag

i

leqsikuri maragis aqtivobebis cxrili


gonebrivi ruka 172

sityvis/cnebis rukafurceli, kalami / Sesavsebi sqema (sqemebis amosabeWdi versiebi ix. danarTSi)

173

sityvis verbaluri da vizualuri asociaciebis sqema

furceli, kalami / Sesavsebi sqema, kalami(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

177

Camowere da ganmarte sityvebi furceli da kalami 179

sityvebis gamomZiebelifurceli, kalami / Sesavsebi sqema, kalami(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

179

sityvis piramidafurceli, kalami / Sesavsebi sqema, kalami(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

180

dakarguli sityvebi Sesavsebi teqsti 182

dRis sityvasagangebod SerCeuli didi zomis sityvis bara-Ti, furclebi

182

sityvebi wyvilebSi (waSale sityva I)

carci an markeri, dafa183

waSale sityva II carci/markeri, dafa 184

sinonimebis banqo I banqos zomis baraTebis dasta sinonimuri si-tyvebiT

185

sinonimebis banqo II banqos zomis kvadratuli baraTebis dasta si-nonimuri sityvebiT

185

sityva sityvaSi dafa, carci, furceli/rveuli, kalami 186

sityvis daSla (sityvebi sityvaSi) dafa, carci, furceli/rveuli, kalami 187

sityvebis grova dafa, carci, furceli/rveuli, kalami 188

mniSvnelovani sityvebi teqsti, mcire zomis webovani baraTebi 189

winadadebis ganvrcoba baraTebi SekiTxvebiT, baraTebi martivi wina-dadebebiT, dafa, carci/markeri, furceli

190

SesaZlo winadadebebi sakvanZo sityvebis gamoyenebiT

furceli, kalami 191

fantaziorebi da realistebi (uc-nauri winadadebebi)

sityvis baraTebi, furceli, kalami 192

sityvebis dajgufeba kategorieb-Si

furcelze Camowerili sityvebis nusxa Ti-Toeuli moswavlisaTvis/jgufisTvis, katego-riebis cxrili

193

sityvebis banki I mcire zomis baraTebi zed dawerili sityvebiT 194

sityvebis banki II (sityvebis rveu-li)

saqaRalde, sityvis/cnebis sqemebi 195

freieris sqema furceli, kalami / Sesavsebi sqema, kalami(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

195

gasasvleli sityvebi furceli da kalami 197

sinonimTa da antonimTa wre 198

167

ra aris leqsikuri maragi da ratom aris igi mniSvnelovani?

mdidari leqsikuri maragi kiTxvasa da swavlaSi warmatebis mniSvnelovani winapirobaa. gaazrebuli kiTxvaca da werac mniSvnelovanwilad leqsikur maragzea damokidebuli. gageba-gaazrebasTan dakavSirebuli problemebis umTavresi mizezi swored leqsikuri maragis simwirea. kargi mkiTxvelebi gamoirCevian sityvebis codniT da SeuZliaT, didi Zalisxmevis gareSe gamoiyenon isini saWiroebis mixedviT. sityvebis codna mWidrod uka-vSirdeba akademiur warmatebas yvela saganSi, vinaidan mdidari leqsikuri maragis mqone moswavle ufro swrafad da ukeT igebs axal cnebebs, azrebsa da ideebs, vidre mwiri leqsikuri maragis mqone.

leqsika aris enaSi arsebuli sityvebis maragi, romlis saSualebiTac Cven vamyarebT zepir da weriT komunikacias. sityvebis codna marTlac arsebiTia gageba-gaazrebisa-Tvis. adamiani ver gamoitans azrs wakiTxulidan, Tuki teqstis sityvaTa umravlesobis mniSvneloba ar esmis. rac Seexeba saswavlo donis teqstebs, arsebobs rekomendacie-bi maTSi nacnobi sityvebis sasurveli raodenobis Sesaxeb. saSualod, nacnob sityvaTa raodenoba unda meryeobdes 90-dan 95%-mde. kidev ufro aqtualuria nacnob sityvaTa adekvaturi raodenoba kiTxvis teqnikis gamarTvis fazaSi, roca moswavlis kiTxva jer kidev ar aris gawafuli.

leqsikis gamdidrebaze orientirebuli aqtivobebi exmareba moswavles im sityvaTa aTvi-sebaSi, romlebic yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi iSviaTad an saerTod ar xvdeba. garda amisa, moswavleebi unda gaecnon e. w. sakvanZo, sayrden an mniSvnelovan sityvebs, romlebic aucilebelia mocemuli teqstis dasamuSaveblad. sityvebis sxvadasxva savarjiSosa da mravalferovan konteqstSi gamoyenebis aqtivobebs gacilebiT ukeTesi Sedegi aqvs, vi-dre TviT am sityvebis an maTi ganmartebebis dazepirebas.

sityvis codna niSnavs, rom bavSvs SeuZlia misi ganmarteba (Tavisi sityvebiT) da gamo-yeneba sxvadasxva konteqstSi. unda ganvasxvavoT sityvis definiciuricodna (rodesac SegviZlia sityvis ganmarteba) sityvis konteqstualuricodnisgan (roca SegviZlia si-tyvis sxvadasxva konteqstSi gamoyeneba). magaliTad, moswavlem SesaZloa Tavisi sityve-biT ganmartos esa Tu is sityva, magram ver SeZlos am sityvis mniSvnelobis adekvaturad aRqma winadadebaSi an ver Seadginos winadadeba am sityvis gamoyenebiT. meore mxriv, Sei-Zleba bavSvs ar gauWirdes ama Tu im sityvis mniSvnelobis gageba winadadebis konteqtSi, magram ver ganmartos igi. sityvebis codna aseve SeiZleba moicavdes sityvis morfolo-giur analizs, sityvis nawilebisa da maTi Tanmimdevrobis gaazrebas.

skolaSi bavSvebi gansxvavebuli leqsikuri maragiT Sedian – es mniSvnelovanwiladaa da-mokidebuli ojaxis socio-ekonomikur mdgomareobasa da kulturul maxasiaTeblebze. bavSvebi, romlebsac skolaSi Sesvlamde ufro mdidari leqsikuri maragi aqvT, swavlaSi ufro iolad aRweven warmatebebs. isini ki, visac mwiri sawyisi leqsikuri maragi aqvT, nela da Znelad aRweven imave Sedegebs. Tu leqsikuri maragis gazrdasa da gawaful kiTxvaSi problemebi gauCndeba, bavSvi ufro iSviaTad da ufro naklebs waikiTxavs. swo-red kiTxvisTvis Tavis arideba iwvevs leqsikuri maragis simwires. ar kiTxulob – ar gaqvs mdidari leqsika! ar gaqvs mdidari leqsika – wakiTxuls ver igeb da amitom arc kiTxulob! saskolo teqstebs ki emateba da emateba moculoba, sirTule...

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leqsikuri maragis swavlebis ZiriTadi midgomebi da strategiebi

mimovixiloT leqsikuri maragis swavlebis ZiriTadi midgomebi da strategiebi. pirvel rigSi, gavmijnoT sityvebis swavlebisa da aTvisebis ori gza, esenia: pirdapiri (eqs-plicituri) da Tanmdevi. bavSvebi sityvebis umravlesobas arapirdapiri, Tanmdevi gziT iTviseben1.

es exebaT im moswavleebsac, romlebisTvisac qarTuli ar aris mSobliuri ena. isini qarTul sityvaTa umetesobas arapirdapiri, Tanmdevi gziT iTviseben. amitom aris mi-zanSewonili bunebrivi midgomis, avTenturi teqstebis kiTxvis, interaqtiuli TamaSebis gamoyeneba, romlebic sityvebis arapirdapiri gziT aTvisebis kargi saSualebebia.

sityvebis arapirdapiri gziT swavlebis yvelaze efeqturi saSualebebia:

• saubrebi da diskusiebi mravalferovan, saintereso sakiTxebze. saubarSi gagonil sityvebs bavSvebi nabeWd teqstebSic advilad cnoben da iazreben;

• bavSvisaTvis xmamaRla wakiTxva. es aqtivoba gansakuTrebiT efeqturia, roca mki-Txveli Cerdeba ucnob sityvasTan da ganmartavs mas, aseve, wakiTxvis Semdeg ga-nixilavs aseT sityvebs moswavleebis monawileobiT;

• damoukidebeli kiTxva. dRes bevr saklaso oTaxSi 10-15-wuTiani damoukidebeli kiTxvis bloki erT-erT xSirad gamoyenebul, regularul aqtivobad iqca. gasa-Tvaliswinebelia, rom problemur mkiTxvelebs uWirT didi xniT koncentrirebu-lad kiTxva. amitom damoukidebeli kiTxvis dros maT periodulad karg mkiTxvel-Tan awyvileben xolme.

kvleva da pedagogiuri praqtika cxadyofs, rom gageba-gaazrebis gasaumjobeseblad gan-sakuTrebiT sasargebloa leqsikis swavlebis ori midgomis gamoyeneba: sityvebis uwyve-tad da regularulad swavleba (Beck, Perfetti, & McKeown, 1982) da sakiTxavi davalebis Sesrulebamde (an teqstis wakiTxvamde) sityvebis swavleba (Brett, Rothlein, & Hurley, 1996; Wixson, 1986).

rogorc qarTul enasa da literaturaSi, ise meore/ucxour enasa da sxva sagnebSi akade-miuri warmatebis misaRwevad bavSvebs esaWiroebaT garkveuli sityvebis pirdapiri, for-malizebuli gziT swavleba. am mizniT metad sasargebloa axali sityvebis winaswar gac-noba teqstis wakiTxvamde, Seswavlil leqsikur erTeulebze periodulad savarjiSoebis Sesruleba, maTi sxvadasxva konteqstSi gamoyeneba da a. S. calkeuli sityvis pirdapiri, eqsplicituri swavlebis yvelaze efeqturi saSualebebia:

• sityvebis winaswar ganxilva teqstis wakiTxvamde;

• pirdapiri ganmarteba (maswavleblis mier an saxelmZRvanelodan);

• sityvis leqsikonSi moZebna;

• gaTvalsaCinoeba (suraTiT, sqematuri monaxaziT, realuri sagnebiT, moqmedebiT, xatviT, Jest-mimikiT);

• morfologiuri analizi sityvaTwarmoebis wesebis mixedviT; sityvis daSla Sema-dgenel nawilebad;

• mniSvnelobis amocnoba konteqstis daxmarebiT (roca maswavlebeli akeTebs mode-lirebas da avarjiSebs moswavleebs am teqnikis gamoyenebaSi);

1 arsebobs sityvebis aTvisebis mravalferovani wyaroebi. aRmoCnda, rom bavSvebi yvelaze met sityvas yoveldRiuri saubrebidan, damoukideblad wakiTxuli wignebidan da Jurnalebidan, televizoridan da internetidan iReben.

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• sinonimebisa da antonimebis moSvelieba (msgavsi da/an sapirispiro mniSvnelobis sityvasTan dawyvileba da dakvirveba);

• damxmare grafikuli sqemebis gamoyeneba (mag., `sityvis piramida~, `asociaciuri ruka~, `sityvis verbaluri da vizualuri asociaciebis sqema~, `sityvis/cnebis ruka~, `freieris sqema~ da sxv.).

arsebobs kidev ori sakvanZo strategia, romlebic xels uwyobs sityvebis gacnobierebas da sityvebisadmi Sinagani interesis gaRvivebas. esenia: intensiuri kiTxva da Tavisufali wera. sTxoveT moswavleebs, yuradReba gaamaxvilon avtorebis `sayvarel~ sityvebsa da frazebze, SeTxzan leqsebi, Sairebi, repis Janris teqstebi da sxv. periodulad esau-breT moswavleebs ama Tu im sityvis istoriaze da maTTan erTad imsjeleT, rogor Sei-cvala sityvis mniSvneloba, rogor viyenebT mas dRes yoveldRiur metyvelebaSi.

mniSvnelovania, rom sityvis swavlebis strategiebi asakobrivad adekvaturi iyos da gaTvaliswinebuli iyos bavSvis individualuri SesaZleblobebic. qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavleblebma ki sagangebo yuradReba unda miaqcion moswavleTa leqsikuri maragisa da enobrivi kompetenciebis indikatorebsac.

romeli sityvebi vaswavloT?

Sesaswavli sityva bevria, swavlebisTvis gamoyofili dro ki – arasakmarisi. zemoT ukve aRvniSneT, rom wakiTxulis gaazreba mniSvnelovnad aris damokidebuli sityvebis cod-naze. dawerili teqstebis gasaazreblad saWiro sityvebis umravlesobas Cven isev da isev daweril teqstebTan urTierTobisas viTvisebT. meore mxriv, kargad viciT, rom wakiTxuli teqstis gaazreba SeuZlebelia, Tuki mis Semadgenel sityvaTa umravlesobas ver gavigebT.1

leqsikur maragTan dakavSirebuli meore problema isaa, rom sityvaTa umravlesoba calkeul teqstSi mxolod TiTojeraa gamoyenebuli. akademiuri warmatebis misaRwe-vad moswavlem aTiaTasobiT sityva unda icodes. am amocanis Sesrulebas ori faqtori arTulebs: 1. moswavles drois garkveul monakveTSi SezRuduli raodenobis sityvebis daufleba SeuZlia; 2. sityvebi gansxvavdeba sirTuliTa da gamoyenebis sixSiriT.

rogor davexmaroT moswavleebs leqsikuri maragis mudmivad gamdidrebaSi, rac rTuli teqstebis gaazrebis aucilebeli safuZvelia? amisaTvis mxolod ori zogadi midgoma arsebobs: 1. SevaswavloT maT is sityvebi, romlebic dasWirdebaT teqstebis gaazre-bisTvis (eqsplicituri swavleba); 2. mivceT saSualeba, rom uSualod kiTxvis procesSi aiTvison axali sityvebi (implicituri swavla).

sityvebis eqspliciturad swavleba karg Sedegs iZleva, magram asaTvisebeli sityvebis raodenobas Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, sakmarisi ar aris. dawyebiT safexurze (6 wlis gan-mavlobaSi) kviraSi saSualod 20 sityvis swavlebis SemTxvevaSic ki sul 4000 sityvas viRebT. es ki saWiro sityvebis raodenobaze bevrad naklebia. zemoT aRweril dilemas leqsikis swavlebis optimizaciis aucileblobamde mivyavarT. sityvebis eqspliciturad swavlebis procesSi sagangebod unda gamovyoT is sityvebi, romelTa swavlebasac dros davuTmobT. rogor gavakeToT es?

dasauflebeli sityvebi eqsplicituri swavlebisaTvis mizanmimarTulad unda SeirCes

1 gavixsenoT, rom teqstis sityvebis 90-95%-ze naklebis gageba mkiTxvelis frustracias iwvevs.

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(rogorc wesi, Sesaswavl sityvebs saxelmZRvaneloebis avtorebi arCeven. isini qmnian te-qstebs, leqsikuri erTeulebis ganmartebebs, leqsikur savarjiSoebs da sxv.). uSualod saswavlo procesSi dasamuSavebel sityvebs maswavleblebi gamoarCeven. isini winaswar gansazRvraven im leqsikur erTeulebs, romlebic, savaraudod, ucxo an bundovani iqne-ba mocemuli klasis moswavleebisTvis.

dabolos, am msjelobidan kargad Cans, Tu ramxela roli aqvs bavSvis warmatebaSi ara mxolod saskolo teqstebis, aramed mravalferovani literaturis intensiurad kiTxvas.

sityvebis ranJireba

roca swavlebisaTvis sityvebis SerCevas viwyebT, sasurvelia, gaviTvaliswinoT sami Zi-riTadi faqtori:

1. ramdenad sasargebloa am sityvis codna? ramdenad xSirad Sexvdebian moswavleebi mas sxva teqstebSi (mag., agebuleba~, xarji~)? ramdenad gamoadgebaT moswavleebs es sityva sakuTari gamocdilebis aRsawerad (mag., komentari~, ganrisxda~, aRri-cxva~)? ramdenad daexmareba es sityva ama Tu im sagnis specifikuri sakiTxebis gaazrebaSi (mag., `Sre~, `barometri~)?

2. ra mimarTebaa am sityvasa da sxva sityvebs/cnebebs/ideebs Soris, romlebic moswa-vleebma ukve iswavles an romlebsac axla swavloben? ramdenad azustebs an gana-vrcobs es sityva adre naswavl cnebebsa da ideebs?

3. ra roli aqvs sityvas mocemuli teqstis nawilebis gagebis TvalsazrisiT? ram-denad daexmareba misi codna mkiTxvels winamdebare konteqstis aRqmaSi? (mag., `bazieri~, `Caifufqa~ _ Tbilisze legendis gaazrebisaTvis).

Sesabamisad, Tu sityva SesaZlebelia bavSvisaTvis gasagebad aixsnas (misTvis nacnobi si-tyvebiT) da Tu es sityva xSirad gamoadgeba moswavles sxvadasxva sakiTxze msjelobis/weris dros, maSin misi swavleba saWiro da sasargebloa.


maswavlebelma erTmaneTisgan unda gamijnos zepiri da kiTxviTi leqsikuri maragi. zepi-ri leqsika aris imgvar sityvaTa erToblioba, romelTac adamiani yoveldRiuri saubri-sas iyenebs. kiTxviTi leqsika ki im sityvebs gulisxmobs, romlebic teqstebis kiTxvisas aris saWiro. zepiri leqsikuri maragi aris sayrdeni da safuZveli kiTxviTi leqsikuri maragis dagrovebisTvis.

aucilebelia, rom moswavleebs vaswavloT winaswar SerCeuli sityvebi (romlebic ga-moiyeneba rogorc zepiri saubrisas, aseve teqstebis kiTxvisas). amisTvis unda gamovi-yenoT Semdegi meTodebi:

• JestebiT Cveneba (ilustrireba);

• realuri nivTebis Cveneba;

• suraTebze (posterebze, dasuraTebul baraTebze, ilustraciebze) miTiTeba;

• dafaze daxatva;

• roluri gaTamaSeba da pantomima;

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• maswavleblis mier mSobliur enaze sityvis dasaxeleba da moswavleebis mier misi qarTulad warmoTqma (Tu maswavlebelma icis moswavleTa mSobliuri ena).

realuri sagnebisa da Tematuri posterebis gamoyenebis dros sasargebloa `bunebrivi midgomis~ gamoyeneba, romelic sam safexurad SeiZleba davyoT:

o sruli fizikuri reaqcia _ am dros aqcenti gakeTebulia moswavleTa mosme-nis unaris gawafvaze. maswavlebeli asaxelebs Sesabamis sagans, moqmedebas, moswavleebi ki reagireben fizikurad _ aqneven Tavs dadebiTi an uaryo-fiTi pasuxis niSnad (SeiZleba upasuxon diax/ara); asruleben maswavleblis miTiTebebs (mag., `Tu es wignia, TiTi miideT cxvirze~, ` Tu es maisuri wi-Telia, narine adges fexze~ da a.S.).

o erTsityviani pasuxebi _ realur sagnebsa da Tematur posterebze dayrd-nobiT moswavleebi upasuxeben maswavleblis SekiTxvebs erTi sityviT (mag., `es ra aris? _ rveuli~, `sad devs CanTa? _ karadaSi~, `ras akeTebs ana? _ laparakobs~ da a.S.).

o ganvrcobili pasuxebi _ moswavleebi frazebiT, winadadebebiT upasuxeben maswavleblis SekiTxvebs an/da TviTonve iwyeben saubars am sagnebis Tu posterze asaxuli situaciis Sesaxeb.

leqsikis aTvisebas mniSvnelovanwilad exmareba iseTi meTodebis sistematuri gamoyene-ba, rogorebicaa didi wignebis erToblivi kiTxva, saCvenebeli kiTxva, enobrivi praqtika (es meTodebi dawvrilebiTaa aRwerili TavSi `anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavleba~).

erTi semantikuri velis (mag., xili, saskolo nivTebi, Sinauri cxovelebi/frinvelebi, ferebi, transporti, kviris dReebi da sxv.) sityvebis gamoyenebiT Sedgenili savarji-Soebi aadvilebs velSi Semavali leqsikuri erTeulebis aTvisebas, damaxsovrebas. am sityvebTan periodulad mibruneba, maTze saubari ganamtkicebs leqsikur codnas da Tavdajerebulobasac Sehmatebs moswavles.

sityvebis swavlebisTvis metad sasargebloa sityvebis baraTebis gamoyeneba. sityvebis baraTebis sxvadasxva formati (mxolod suraTiani, suraTiani da warweriani, mxolod warweriani) iZleva maTi gamoyenebiT mravalferovani aqtivobebis dagegmvis saSualebas. maswavlebelma intensiurad unda gamoiyenos baraTebi, riTac mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs xels moswavleTa leqsikuri maragis gamdidrebas da mis integrirebas sityvebis wakiTx-vis swavlebasTan.

qvemoT mocemulia sxvadasxva meTodi/aqtivoba, romlebic gvexmareba leqsikuri maragis dagrovebasa da gamdidrebaSi. savaraudod, zogierTi maTgani rTuli iqneba qarTulis, rogorc meore enis Semswavleli konkretuli klasis moswavleebisTvis. maswavlebelma Tavad unda gaamartivos meTodi da moargos moswavleTa saWiroebebs.

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sityvebis mniSvnelobis swavlebisa da leqsikuri maragis gamdidrebis meTodebi/aqtivobebi

gonebrivi ruka


`gonebrivi ruka~ aris grafikuli sqema, romelic exmareba moswavles informaciis Tval-saCinod organizebasa da warmodgenaSi. igi gamoiyeneba rogorc sainformacio-Semecne-biTi, ise mxatvruli teqstebis gaazrebisaTvis, axali da/an rTuli leqsikuri erTeule-bis Sesaswavlad. gonebrivi rukis centrSi moTavsebulia cneba/Tema, xolo misgan iSleba am cnebasTan/TemasTan dakavSirebuli ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi/cnebebi/qveTemebi. imis gamo, rom maxasiaTeblebi gonebrivi rukis centridan klasterebad1 iSleba, mas xSirad klasterul rukasac uwodeben.

`gonebriv rukas~ mravali daniSnulebiT iyeneben: a) winare codnis gasaaqtiureblad; b) wakiTxuli teqstis gasaazreblad; g) weriTi namuSevris dasagegmad; d) ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis instrumentad; e) ideis/cnebis gansamartad.

am meTodis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs ganuviTardebaT:

• informaciis gaazrebisa da damaxsovrebis unarebi;

• cnebebis/sityvebis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebis unari;

• informaciis daxarisxebis unari;

• saazrovno procesis grafikulad warmodgenis unari.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvili, mcire jgufi, mTeli klasi

resursi: specialuri resursi ar aris saWiro.

msvleloba• maswavlebeli dafaze dauwers moswavleebs samizne cnebas/Temas;

• sTxovs maT, gaixsenon am cnebasTan/ideasTan dakavSirebuli maxasiaTeblebi/cne-bebi/qveTemebi.

• moswavle dawers centralur cnebasTan/TemasTan logikurad dakavSirebul ma-xasiaTeblebs/cnebebs/qveTemebs da xazebiT an isrebiT daakavSirebs maT samizne cnebasTan.

• Semdeg etapze moswavleebi TiToeul axal ganStoebas kidev CaSlian axal cnebebad da maxasiaTeblebad, romlebsac SeZlebisdagvarad xazebiT daukavSireben erTma-neTs.

SeniSvna: mniSvnelovania, rom sawyis etapze maswavlebelma Tavad gaakeTos klasis winaSe `gonebrivi rukis~ Sevsebis modelireba xmamaRla fiqris2 meSveobiT.

1 klasteri _ saganTa jgufi, romelic Sedgenilia msgavsi niSan-Tvisebebis mixedviT. 2 xmamaRla fiqris gamoyenebam ar unda daafrTxos qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebeli TviT pirvel klasSic ki. cxadia, am SemTxvevaSi misi `fiqri~ unda iyos rac SeiZleba martivi, moswavleTa

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nimuSebi:

sityvis/cnebis ruka


`cnebis ruka~ gamoiyeneba rogorc axali leqsikuri erTeulis Sesaswavlad, ise ukve nac-nobi sityvis/cnebis mniSvnelobis siRrmiseulad gasaazreblad. is gansakuTrebiT sasar-gebloa sainformacio teqstebze samuSaod. sityvis/cnebis ruka efeqturad gamoiyeneba gageba-gaazrebis unaris gasaviTarebladac. arsebobs am meTodis sxvadasxva varianti, romlebic qvemoTaa SemoTavazebuli. maswavlebeli sakuTari SexedulebiT SearCevs ro-melime maTgans konkretuli sagakveTilo miznebis Sesabamisad.


• acnobiereben kavSirebsa da mimarTebebs cnebebs Soris;

• mravali kuTxiT gaiazreben cnebas (sityvas) da masTan dakavSirebul sxva cnebebs;

• imdidreben leqsikur marags.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvili, mcire jgufebi, mTeli klasi

resursi: Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar SearCevs teqstis gasaazreblad mniSvnelovan ucnob cne-bas/sityvas;

• maswavlebeli warudgens moswavleebs dasamuSavebel leqsikur erTeuls;

• Tu moswavleebi pirvelad asruleben am tipis savarjiSos, maswavlebeli gaacnobs maT sityvis/cnebis rukas da aswavlis Sevsebis wess. procedura damokidebulia imaze, Tu rukis romeli varianti ivseba (variantebi ix. qvemoT). amisaTvis SearCe-vs sityvas, Cawers mas sqemis centrSi da nabij-nabij Seavsebs rukis sxva ujrebs.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia, am samodelo aqtivobis msvlelobaSi moswavleebic CaerTon.

gonebriv, leqsikur, sintaqsur SesaZleblobebs morgebuli (Tumca, Tavisuflad SesaZlebelia, maswa-vleblis mier xmamaRla fiqris dros gamoyenebuli zogierTi sityva/fraza moswavleTaTvis jer kidev ar iyos nacnobi.). `xmamaRla fiqris~ magaliTi gonebrivi rukis Sevsebisas sityvaze `vaSli~: `vaSli aris wiTeli... wiTeli unda davwero aq (Tan wers.)... kidev ra aris wiTeli? wiTeli kidev aris bali, kidev aris mze... ara, mze ar aris wiTeli... modi, jer davwero `bali~...

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• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, moifiqron sinonimebi, antonimebi, arazusti magaliTebi, ilustraciebi, am sityviT nawarmoebi sxva sityvebi, romlebic daex-marebaT mis gaanalizebasa da damaxsovrebaSi.

mniSvnelovania, rom sinonimebisa da antonimebis mofiqrebisas maswavlebelma ar SezRudos moswavleebi mxolod im sityvebiT, romelTa mniSvneloba zustad em-Txveva an upirispirdeba samizne sityvis mniSvnelobas. sasurvelia, moswavlem rac SeiZleba meti msgavsi/sapirispiro mniSvnelobis sityva gaixsenos da Caweros, miuxedavad imisa, Tu ramdenad emTxveva es variantebi leqsikoniseul versias (mag., samizne sityva _ moRuSuli; sinonimi _ moWmuxnuli, mowyenili, daRonebu-li; antonimi _ Rimiliani, gaxarebuli, bednieri). am procesSi mTavaria sityvebs Soris semantikuri kavSirebis damyareba, rac maTi gaazrebis, damaxsovrebisa da sxvadasxva konteqstSi gamoyenebis efeqturi saSualebaa. maswavlebels SeuZlia eqsplicituri msjelobiTa da konteqsturi miniSnebebiT daexmaros moswavles sityvebs Soris mimarTebebis dazustebaSi. maswavlebeli unda moeridos uSua-lod sqemis Sevsebisas moswavlis azrovnebis procesSi Carevas da, erTi SexedviT, araswori magaliTebis Casworebas.

• moswavleebi iwyeben sqemis Sevsebas; muSaobisas mouwevT, ramdenjerme miubrund-nen teqsts;

• sqemis Sevsebis Semdeg moswavleebi waradgenen TavianT namuSevrebs, ganixilaven sqemebs da muSaoben maT dazusteba-daxvewaze teqstis moSveliebiTa da msjelo-biT.

sityvis/cnebis rukis variaciebi

sqema 1.

ganmarteba Cemi sityvebiT sinonimebi (msgavsi mniSvnelobis mqone sityvebi)

winadadeba

ilustracia/suraTi

sityva

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sqema 2.

sqema 3.

sityva

ganmarteba

sinonimi antonimi

fraza/winadadeba teqstidan

moswavlis fraza/winadadeba

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sqema 4.

sityva wignis gverdi sityva naTesaobiT brunvaSi

ganmarteba sityvis formebi

sinonimi antonimi magaliTebi

winadadeba/fraza teqstidan

winadadeba/fraza sityvis gamoyenebiT

Sevsebuli sqemebis nimuSebi

skami

aveji,

romelzec vjdebixis

rbili

zurgiani

savarZeli samfexa skami moswavlis

sityva

momTabare

gverdi

2

sityva naTesaobiT brunvaSi

momTabaris(a)

ganmarteba

vinc erT adgilas ar cxovrobs

sityvis formebi

momTabareoba; momTabareobs

sinonimi

moxetiale

antonimi

mkvidri, binadari

magaliTi/asociacia

mwyemsi, boSa, momTabare tomi, monRolebi

winadadeba/fraza teqstidan

`kunZulis mosaxleoba momTabare cxovrebas eweva~.

winadadeba/fraza sityvis gamoyenebiT

monRolebi momTabare xalxi iyo.

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sityvis verbaluri da vizualuri asociaciebis ruka


verbaluri da vizualuri asociaciebis ruka kidev erTi sqematuri aqtivobaa leqsikur erTeulebze samuSaod. moswavleebi avseben sqemas maswavleblis mier winaswar SerCeul sityvaze (axal da/an mniSvnelovan leqsikur erTeulze).

sityva naxati

ganmarteba magaliTi / asociacia

am sqemis gamoyeneba moswavles exmareba:

• axali sityvis/cnebis mniSvnelobis gaazrebasa da damaxsovrebaSi;

• teqstis gageba-gaazrebaSi;

• warmosaxvisa da fiqris unaris gaaqtiurebaSi;

• damoukidebeli/TanamSromlobiTi muSaobis Cvevis gamomuSavebaSi.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, jgufebi

resursi: Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi), kalami, flomasteri an fanqari.

msvleloba

• mawavlebeli winaswar SearCevs sqemaSi gansamart sityvebs (mag., wasakiTxi teqstis mniSvnelovan an/da axal leqsikur erTeulebs,);

• maswavlebeli arigebs winaswar gamzadebul Sesavseb sqemas;

• zeda marcxena ujraSi moswavle wers Sesaswavl (gansamart) sityvas;

• zeda marjvena ujraSi xatavs/xazavs am sityvis Sesabamis gamosaxulebas;

• qveda marcxena ujraSi wers am sityvis/cnebis ganmartebas sakuTari sityvebiT;

• qveda marjvena ujraSi wers Sesabamis magaliTebsa da asociaciebs.

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Sevsebuli nimuSebi

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Camowere da ganmarte sityvebi


moswavleebi maswavleblis instruqciis mixedviT Camoweren sityvebs da ganmar-taven maT.

am aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavles:


• uaqtiurebs ukve naswavli leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• uRrmavebs motivacias rac SeiZleba meti axali sityvis Sesaswavlad;

• aCvevs swrafad azrovnebas.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, jgufebi.

resursi: furclebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs yofs or an met gundad;

• moswavleebma 3-5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi unda Camoweron rac SeiZleba bevri sityva miTiTebul Temaze, aso-bgeraze, ilustraciaze da sxv.;

• gundebi morigeobiT kiTxuloben TiTo sityvas da ganmartaven. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gundi ver axsnis sityvas, mas mowinaaRmdege gundi ganmartavs.

• imarjvebs is gundi, romelsac yvelaze meti sityva eqneba Camowerili da sworad ganmartebuli.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia am meTodis mravalferovani variaciebis mofiqreba da Catareba.

sityvebis gamomZiebeli


moswavleebi jer sakuTari varaudiT/codniT ganmartaven maswavleblis mier SeTavaze-bul sityvebs, Semdeg – konteqstis mixedviT, bolos – leqsikonis gamoyenebiTac.

am aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavle:

• imdidrebs leqsikur marags;

• eCveva varaudebis gamoTqmas sityvis mniSvnelobasTan dakavSirebiT;

• swavlobs sityvis mniSvnelobis amocnobas konteqstis mixedviT;

• eCveva leqsikonis gamoyenebas sityvis mniSvnelobis mosaZieblad an dasazuste-blad.


resursi: Sesavsebi sqemebi. sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

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msvleloba

• maswavlebeli kedelze akravs (an dafaze xazavs) sagangebod momzadebul samsve-tian cxrils saTauriT: `sityvebis gamomZiebeli~. moswavleebi cxrils gadaixaza-ven TavianT rveulebSi. SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma moswavleebs winaswar damza-debuli sqemebi daurigos.

• cxrilis pirvel svetSi maswavlebeli Camowers rame konkretuli teqstidan amokrefil iseT sityvebs, romlebic moswavleebisTvis savaraudod ucnobi iq-neba. mniSvnelovania, rom am sityvebis mniSvnelobis amocnoba SesaZlebeli iyos konteqstis mixedviT.

• cxrilis meore svetSi moswavleebi weren TiToeuli sityvis savaraudo mniSvne-lobas.

• teqstis wakiTxvisas moswavleebi konteqstiT dadgenil mniSvnelobas Seadareben TavianT varaudebs da gzadagza Seavseben cxrilis mesame svets – sityvis konte-qsturi mniSvnelobis svets.

variaciebi

• SesaZlebelia cxrilisTvis meoTxe svetis damateba. am svetSi moswavleebi teqs-tis wakiTxvis Semdeg leqsikonSi moZebnian sityvebis ganmartebas da Caweren. an SeiZleba maswavlebelma leqsikonidan amowerili ganmartebebi (mag., anbanis mixed-viT dalagebuli) Tavad SesTavazos moswavleebs.

• aseve SesaZlebelia, meoTxe svetSi moswavleebma moifiqron da Caweron am sityve-bis gamoyenebiT Sedgenili winadadebebi.

magaliTi

sityva Cemi ganmarteba sityvis mniSvneloba teqstis mixedviT

ganmarteba leqsikonSi

mijna jinaze, jibriT yanis sazRvari sazRvari, zRvari;

sazRvris niSani; samani

macivari karada samzareuloSi nivTi, romelSic saWmels inaxaven.

specialuri mowyobiloba raimes gasaciveblad da Sesanaxad

sityvis piramida


sityvis piramida efeqtiru saSualebaa axal leqsikur erTeulebze samuSaod.

moswavleebi avseben qvemoT mocemul sqemas SerCeul sityvaze:

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misi meSveobiT moswavle:

• ganmartavs axal, samizne sityvas;

• moiSveliebs sinonims am sityvis mniSvnelobis kidev ufro dasazusteblad;

• iaqtiurebs ukve naswavli leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• iviTarebs axali leqsikuri erTeulis praqtikulad gamoyenebis Cvevas.


resursi: Sesavsebi sqemebi (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs winaswar gamzadebul sqemebs.

• piramidis wveroSi, sul zeda safexurze, weria samizne sityva.

• am sityvis qveS moswavleebi weren am sityvis ganmartebas.

• ganmartebas qveS miuweren sinonims.

• sul qveviT, bolo safexurze, moswavleebi weren am sityvis gamoyenebiT Sedgenil winadadebas.

nimuSebi:

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dakarguli sityvebi


moswavleebi avseben teqstis monakveTs, romelSic gamotovebulia ramdenime sityva. am meTodis gamoyenebiT moswavle:

• imdidrebs leqsikur marags;

• swavlobs saWiro sityvis amocnobas konteqstis mixedviT;

• acnobierebs, rom erTi da igive azri SeiZleba sxvadasxvagvarad gadmovceT;

• eCveva kiTxvis procesSi swraf azrovnebas.

muSaobis forma: jgufuri, wyvilebi, individualuri.

resursi: Sesavsebi teqstebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar SearCevs mcire zomis teqts/teqstis monakveTs, romlida-nac amoiRebs ramdenime sityvas. mniSvnelovania, rom es sityvebi advilad amosac-nobi iyos konteqstis mixedviT da met-naklebad Tanabrad gafantuli teqstSi;

• moswavleebi kiTxuloben da cdiloben, daubrunon teqsts `dakarguli~ sityvebi, anu gamoicnon da saWiro adgilas Caweron gamotovebuli sityvebi;

• erTi gamotovebuli sityvis adgilas moswavleebs SeuZliaT, ramdenime savaraudo varianti Caweron, Tuki mocemuli konteqsti iZleva amis SesaZleblobas;

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg SesaZlebelia moswavleebma, Tu damoukideblad mu-Sa obd nen, wyvilebSi erTmaneTs gauziaron TavianTi namuSevrebi. Seajeron da ga-daamowmon, sworad Casves Tu ara gamotovebuli sityvebi.

• moswavleebi msjeloben, Tu ra daexmaraT ama Tu im sityvis SerCevaSi.

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTavazobs teqstis avto-riseul variants.

variacia: Casasmel sityvas moswavleebi SearCeven maswavleblis mier SeTavazebuli sami sityvidan.

dRis sityva


wakiTxuli teqstebidan an sityvis kedlidan SeirCeva erT-erTi sityva, romelsac im dRis ganmavlobaSi gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba.

am aqtivobis daxmarebiT moswavleebi:

• eCvevian msjelobas;

• swavloben teqstTan (sakiTxTan) dakavSirebuli mniSvnelovani sityvebis SerCevas;

• iaqtiureben ukve naswavli leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• imdidreben leqsikur marags.

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muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, individualuri.

resursi: sagangebod SerCeuli didi zomis sityvis baraTi, furclebi.

msvleloba

• klasSi erToblivi msjelobiT SeirCeva `dRis sityva~.

• moswavleebi CamoTvlian `dRis sityvis~ rac SeiZleba met maxasiaTebels;

magaliTi

SerCeuli sityva: mercxali

maxasiaTeblebi: iwyeba Tanxmovanze. aris sammarcvliani. Seicavs sityvebs `ali~, `me~ da `xali~. Sedgeba rva asosgan: aqedan xuTi Tanxmovania, sami xmovani. yvela xmovani gansxva-vebulia. yvela Tanxmovanic gansxvavebulia. aRniSnavs sulier arsebas, frinvels. daes-mis SekiTxva `ra?~ wakiTxuli maqvs leqsi am saTauriT...

sityvebi wyvilebSi (waSale sityva I)


moswavleebi sxvadasxva mravalferovan savarjiSos asruleben maswavleblis mier dafaze Camoweril sityvebze.


• swavlobs leqsikuri erTeulebis praqtikul gamoyenebas, gavrcobili winadade-bebis agebas;

• iviTarebs zepirmetyvelebis unars;

• iZens ama Tu im Temaze Tamamad saubris unars;

• swavlobs Sejibrisas emociebis marTvas.


resursi: carci an markeri, dafa.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli, miznis Sesabamisad, winaswar SearCevs sityvebs konkretuli teqsti-dan an nebismieri Temidan (sasurvelia, iyos naklebad cnobili sityvebi);

• Semdeg dafaze or svetad Camowers garkveuli raodenobis SerCeul sityvebs (Sei-Zleba daiwyoT TiTo svetSi 3-4 sityviT da TandaTan gazardoT maTi raodenoba);

• klasidan SearCevs or moswavles, romlebic dgebian dafis win, erTmaneTTan axlos;

• maswavleblis niSanze moswavleebi rigrigobiT warmoTqvamen winadadebebs im si-tyvebis gamoyenebiT, romlebic dafaze weria – erTi moswavle erTi svetidan, meore – meore svetidan;

• moswavleebi TandaTan waSlian im sityvebs, romlebic gamoiyenes (sityvebis gamo-yenebisas maT Tanmimdevrobas mniSvneloba ara aqvs); Tavidan SeiZleba moswavle-Ta warmoTqmuli winadadebebi erTmaneTs azrobrivad ar ukavSirdebodes, magram,

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Semdeg etapze, sasurvelia, moswavleTa warmoTqmuli winadadebebi erTmaneTs agrZelebdes azrobrivad (erT Temas exebodes).

• imarjvebs is moswavle, romelic yvela (an ufro met) sityvas waSlis/Semoxazavs (anu gamoiyenebs).

SeniSvna: es aqtivoba SeiZleba gamoviyenoT Seswavlili an wakiTxuli teqstis Sinaarsis gadmosacemad (axali sityvebis gamoyenebiT), an axalSeswavlili sityvebis gasaaqtiure-blad (winadadebebSi maTi CasmiT).

variacia

SesaZlebelia es aqtivoba werilobiTac ganxorcieldes anu moswavleebma maswa-vleblis mier Camoweril sityvebze ara zepirad, aramed werilobiT Seadginon winadadebebi.

waSale sityva II


or gundad dayofili moswavleebi rigrigobiT ganmartaven maswavleblis mier dafaze Camoweril sityvebs.



• eCveva swrafad azrovnebas;



resursi: carci/markeri, dafa.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dafaze or svetad Camowers garkveuli raodenobis sityvebs (Sei-Zleba daiwyoT TiTo svetSi 3-4 sityviT da TandaTan gazardoT maTi raodenoba);

• Semdeg moswavleebs dayofs or gundad. orive gundi Camwkrivdeba dafis win;

• maswavleblis niSanze jer erTi gundis wevri kiTxulobs sityvas Tavisi svetidan da ganmartavs mis mniSvnelobas, Semdeg – meore gundis wevri;

• sityvis ganmartebis Semdeg moswavle waSlis sityvas da dgeba Tavisi mwkrivis bo-loSi. Tu sityvis ganmarteba araswori iqneba, maSin moswavles ar eZleva sityvis waSlis ufleba;

• ase rigrigobiT ganimarteba da waiSleba yvela sityva;

• imarjvebs is gundi, romelic yvela (an ufro met) sityvas waSlis (anu ganmartavs).

SeniSvna: moswavles ufleba aqvs, sityvis mniSvneloba nebismierad gamoxatos: pirdapiri gan-martebiT, JestikulaciiT, mimikiT, gaTamaSebiT, daxatviT, sqemiT, uSualo CvenebiT da sxv.

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sinonimebis banqo I


moswavleebi eZeben maswavleblis mier darigebul sityvaTa banqoSi mocemuli sityvis sinonimebs.


• swavlobs sityvebis sinonimebs;




resursi: banqos zomis baraTebis dasta sinonimuri sityvebiT.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs `banqos~ dastas – baraTebis wyvilebs sinonimuri sity-vebiT (mag., lamazi, mSvenieri). TiTo baraTze weria sinonimuri wyvilis TiTo sityva.

• TamaSobs ori moswavle an moswavleTa ori jgufi. aseve SesaZlebelia, TamaSi gai-marTos moswavleTa wyvilebs Soris.

• maswavlebeli TiToeul moTamaSes (moswavles an moswavleTa wyvils/jgufs) dau-rigebs Tanabari raodenobis baraTebs.

• maswavlebeli daitovebs baraTebis erT naxevars, daikavebs xelSi an dadebs magi-daze warweriT qvemoT.

• TamaSis dasawyebad maswavlebeli dadebs (an amoabrunebs) magidaze erT baraTs.

• moswavleebi (an wyvilebi) eZeben magidaze dadebul baraTze dawerili sityvis si-nonimur sityvas TavianT baraTebSi.

• sinonimis moZebnis SemTxvevaSi moswavle am sityvas dadebs magidaze dadebul ba-raTze, Semdeg ki orive baraTs aiRebs.

• gamarjvebulia is moswavle (jgufi), romelic yvelaze met `banqos~ (sinonimebian baraTebs) daagrovebs.

variacia (sityvis wakiTxva): pirvel da meore klasebSi moswavleebs urigdebaT sityvebis baraTebi, maswavlebeli itovebs sityvebis Sesabamisi naxatebis baraTebs. TamaSi saukeTe-soa sityvis dekodirebis/mTlianad amocnobis unaris gansaviTareblad.

sinonimebis banqo II


moswavleebi eZeben sinonimuri wyvilebis baraTebs.


• Seiswavlian da daimaxsovreben sinonimur wyvilebs;

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• gaiaqtiureben Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• gaivarjiSeben yuradRebis koncentrirebis unars.


resursi: banqos zomis kvadratuli baraTebis dasta sinonimuri sityvebiT.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs sinonimebis dastas baraTebis wyvilebs sinonimuri sityve-biT (mag., mamaci, guladi). TiTo baraTze weria sinonimuri wyvilis TiTo sityva;

• maswavlebeli yvela baraTs pirqve daawyobs magidaze, magaliTad: 5x4 an 6x5;

• yovel svlaze moswavles SeuZlia mxolod ori baraTis amobruneba;

• pirveli moswavle amoabrunebs nebismier 2 baraTs da aCvenebs danarCenebs. Tu baraTebze weria sinonimebi, maSin moswavle itovebs maT. isev misi svlaa da axla amoabrunebs sxva ors. Tu baraTebze mocemuli sityvebi ar Seadgens sinonimur wyvils, moswavle, mas Semdeg, rac yvelas aCvenebs, Tav-Tavis adgilze abrunebs baraTebs (isev sawyis mdgomareobaSi). moswavleebi imaxsovreben, romeli baraTi sad devs;

SeniSvna: aucilebelia, rom baraTebs adgilebi ar SeecvaloT.

• momdevno moswavlesac, winas msgavsad, aqvs mxolod 2 baraTis aRebis ufleba. jer iRebs erTs, cdilobs gaixsenos, sad devs misi sinonimi (Tu wina moswavlis aRebuli erT-erTi baraTi Seesabameboda) da awyvilebs mas aRebul baraTTan. aseT SemTxvevaSi isev misi svlaa;

• Tu moswavlem baraTs ver mouZebna wyvili, svla gadadis Semdeg moTamaSeze;

• aqtivoba grZeldeba yvela baraTis gaTamaSebamde;

• gamarjvebulia is moswavle, romelic yvelaze met sinonimur wyvils Seagrovebs.

SeniSvna: msgavsi aqtivobis ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia sityvebis wakiTxvis komponent-Sic naxatisa da sityvis baraTebis wyviliT (ix. anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavlebis bloki).

sityva sityvaSi


moswavleebi ukvirdebian rTul, nawarmoeb sityvas, amoicnoben mis mniSvnelobas, Slian mas da asaxeleben msgavsad warmoebul sityvebs.

am aqtivobis sistematuri gamoyeneba moswavles:


• uviTarebs praqtikul gramatikul unar-Cvevebs;

• exmareba, kargad gaiazros sityvis mniSvneloba;

• uviTarebs SemoqmedebiT unars.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi (individualurad an wyvilebSi)

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resursi: dafa, carci, furceli/rveuli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dafaze dawers sityvas, romelic miRebulia sityvaze TavsarT-bo-losarTis darTviT (mag., `gamxecebuli~, `mequde~, kudiani, ukudo, moSavo);

• moswavleebi akvirdebian am sityvas da cdiloben, amoicnon, romeli sityvisganaa igi miRebuli;

• amocnobis Semdeg moswavleebi asaxeleben sayrden sityvas (am SemTxvevaSi – `mxe-ci~, `qudi~);

• moswavleebi, maswavleblis daxmarebiT, nawilebad Slian asaxsnel sityvas _ gamoyo-fen mis ZiriTad nawils da TavsarT-bolosarTs (am terminis Teoriuli ganmartebis gareSe – mxolod praqtikul-konkretul konteqstSi. mag.: ga-mxec-ebuli, me-qud-e);

• moswavleebi ixseneben sxva, msgavsad miRebul, nacnob sityvebs (mag., `gaqvavebu-li~, `gawyalebuli~, `mepure~, `mekare~...) da maTi gaTvaliswinebiT gaiazreben da-samuSavebeli sityvis (`gamxecebuli~) mniSvnelobas;

• moswavleebi analogiiT TviTon qmnian msgavs sityvebs (jiuti _ gajiutebuli, bavSvi – gabavSvebuli... mewigne, memawvne).

• bavSvebi aseve moifiqreben iseT sityvebs, romlebic am sayrdeni sityvisganaa nawarmoebi (mag., samxece, mxecurad... qudiani, uqudo...).

sityvis daSla (sityvebi sityvaSi)


es aqtivoba gamoiyeneba rTuli sityvebis (kompozitebis) mniSvnelobis gasaazreblad.

am meTodis sistematuri gamoyeneba moswavles:


• gamoumuSavebs praqtikul gramatikul unar-Cvevebs;

• xels uwyobs, kargad gaiazros sityvis Semadgenloba da, Sesabamisad, misi mniSvneloba;

• uaqtiurebs ukve naswavli leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi (individualurad an wyvilebSi)

resursi: dafa, carci, furceli/rveuli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTxovs, sityvebis grovidan (an miTiTebuli teqsti-dan) amoiweron iseTi ucnobi sityvebi, romlebic ori (an sami) sityvisgan Sedgeba (unda iyos udefiso sityvebi);

• moswavleebi eZeben da amoiweren udefiso rTul sityvebs (mag., `adgilmdebareo-ba~, `dabalxmiani~, `cicinaTela~, `cisartyela~, `zurgCanTa~);

• maswavleblis miTiTebiT moswavleebi akvirdebian amoweril sityvas da asaxeleben mis Semadgenel sityvebs (`adgili~ da `mdebareoba~, `dabali~ da `xma~);.

• Semdeg gaiazreben Semadgeneli sityvebis mniSvnelobas (isini maTTvis nacnobi

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unda iyos) da, maTze dayrdnobiT, amoicnoben da gaiazreben ucnobi rTuli sity-vis mniSvnelobas.

magaliTi

gasaazrebelia sityvis `qarborbala ~ mniSvneloba. moswavleebi akvirdebian am sityvas da gamoyofen mis Semadgenel sityvebs: `qari~ da `borbali~. am orive sityvis mniSvnelo-ba maT ukve ician da maTze dayrdnobiT Tavad aRmoaCenen ucnobi sityvis mniSvnelobas (qarborbala – Zlieri qari, romelic borbaliviT trialebs).

SeniSvna: es meTodi ar gamodgeba yvela saxis rTuli sityvisTvis. pirvel yovlisa, ar gamodgeba defisiani rTuli sityvebisTvis. aseve ar gamodgeba iseTi rTuli sityve-bisTvis, romelTa Semadgeneli nawilebis mniSvneloba ar Seesabameba mTliani sityvis mniSvnelobas. magaliTad, sityva `qinZisTavi~ daiSleba or sityvad: `qinZi~ da `Tavi~, magram maTi mniSvnelobebis codna ver gvexmareba sityva qinZisTavis mniSvnelobis gark-vevaSi. aseTive sityvebia: kenWisyra, Tavdadeba da sxv.

sityvebis grova


moswavleebi maswavleblis mier SerCeuli sityvebis grovidan SearCeven saWiro sityvebs da asruleben sxvadasxva davalebas.



• iviTarebs axali leqsikuri erTeulebis praqtikulad gamoyenebis Cvevas;

• iaqtiurebs SemoqmedebiT unars;

• iviTarebs praqtikul gramatikul unar-Cvevebs.


resursi: dafa, carci/markeri, furceli.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli, gakveTilis/aqtivobis miznis Sesabamisad, winaswar SearCevs sityvebs;

• SerCeul sityvebs uwesrigod mimofantavs dafaze (dawers an sityvis baraTebs gaakravs);

• Semdeg moswavleebs aZlevs miznis Sesabamis davalebebs da gansazRvravs dros;

• moswavleebi akvirdebian sityvebis grovas da eZeben davalebis Sesabamis sityvebs;

• sityvebis moZebnis an SerCevis Semdeg moswavleebi asruleben davalebas da akeTe-ben prezentaciebs.

davalebis magaliTebi

1. sityvebis grovaSi moZebnon 6 iseTi sityva, romlebsac daesmis kiTxva `sad?~ an `rodis?~ da maTi gamoyenebiT Seadginon winadadebebi (sasurvelia, TiToeul winadadebaSi ar iyos 5 sityvaze naklebi. SeiZleba, erT winadadebaSi 2 an 3 Ser-Ceuli sityva erTad gamoiyenon).

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2. survilisamebr amoirCion 10 sityva da maTi gamoyenebiT SeTxzan moTxroba, zRa-pari an leqsi.

3. moZebnon da amoiweron msgavsi mniSvnelobis mqone sityvaTa wyvilebi.

4. moZebnon da amoiweron erTmaneTis sapirispiro mniSvnelobis mqone sityvaTa wyvi-lebi.

5. moZebnon da Semdeg cal-calke svetebSi Camoweron sityvebi, romlebsac daesmis kiTxva `ra?~, `ras?~, `vin?~, `vis?~.

6. moZebnon da amoiweron sityvebi, romlebic mravlobiT ricxvSia.

7. moZebnon da amoiweron sityvebi, romlebiTac gadmocemulia adamianis grZnobebi (sixaruli, yoymani, SiSi da sxv.).

8. moZebnon da amoiweron sityvebi, romlebic gviCveneben, rogoria sagani.

9. moZebnon iseTi sityvebi, romlebic ori sityvisganaa Sedgenili. Semdeg cal-calke svetebSi Camoweron defisianebi da udefisoebi.

10. sityvebis grovaSi moZebnon da amoiweron 5 wyvili iseTi sityvebisa, romlebic erTmaneTs eriTmeba.

11. moZebnon da amoiweron kiTxviTi da uaryofiTi sityvebi.

mniSvnelovani sityvebi


am meTodis gamoyenebisas moswavleebi wakiTxuli teqstidan amoiweren im sityvebs, romlebic, maTi azriT, yvelaze mniSvnelovania am teqstSi.

am meTodis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi:


• iviTareben axal sityvebze muSaobisa da sxvadasxva konteqstSi maTi adekvaturad gamoyenebis unar-Cvevas;

• swavloben mTavari da meorexarisxovani informaciis garCevas da, aqedan gamomdi-nare, mniSvnelovani da naklebmniSvnelovani sityvebis gamoyofas;

• iviTareben msjelobis, wakiTxuli teqstis gagebisa da analizis unarebs.


resursi: teqsti, mcire zomis webovani baraTebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar SearCevs aRweriTi tipis teqsts;

• TiToeul moswavles/wyvils urigebs teqstis TiTo egzemplars da 5-10 webovan baraTs – stikers (Tavdapirvelad sasurvelia sityvaTa mcire raodenobiT dawye-ba, magaliTad, 3-4 sityviT, Semdeg ki sityvebis raodenoba nel-nela gaizrdeba);

• moswavleebi winaswar gansazRvrul droSi (teqstis sididisa da sirTulis gaTva-liswinebiT) yuradRebiT kiTxuloben teqsts da iqidan baraTebze amoiweren, maTi azriT, teqstis Sinaarsis gasaazreblad yvelaze mniSvnelovan ramdenime sityvas (TiTo baraTze – TiTo sityva);

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• rodesac yvela moswavle daasrulebs sityvebis amoweras, dafaze (an formatis qa-Raldze) iwyeben sityvebis svetebis Seqmnas: erTi moswavle/wyvili horizontalu-rad ganaTavsebs Tavis baraTebs, meore ki im sityvebs, romlebic mis baraTebzec meordeba, miakravs ukve gakruli amave sityvebis qveS (anu daiwyebs vertikaluri svetis Seqmnas), xolo danarCenebs isev horizontalur rigSi ganaTavsebs;

• yvela moswavle analogiuri principiT ganalagebs Tavis amoweril sityvebs dafaze (an formatze);

• maswavlebeli iTvlis, ramdenjer meordeba esa Tu is sityva da gamoavlens yve-laze reitingul sityvebs.

• miRebul Sedegebze dayrdnobiT, gaimarTeba diskusia (mag., romeli sityvebi Seir-Ca yvelaze xSirad? Tqveni azriT, teqstSi rom ar yofiliyo es sityva, moaklde-boda Tu ara mniSvnelovani informacia teqsts? da a.S.).

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia maswavlebelma mniSvnelovani sityvebis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs wyvilebSi an jgufebSi Seasrulebinos sxvadasxva tipis davalebebi (mag., sinonimebis/antonimebis SerCeva, asociaciuri rukis Sedgena, ilustrireba, pantomimiT gacocxleba da a.S.).

winadadebis ganvrcoba


moswavleebi amdidreben, ganavrcoben SeTavazebul winadadebas SekiTxvebis mixedviT.

am aqtivobis Sedegad moswavle:

• iviTarebs gavrcobili winadadebebis Camoyalibebis unars;




resursi: baraTebi SekiTxvebiT, baraTebi martivi winadadebebiT, dafa, carci/markeri, furceli.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli amzadebs baraTebs SekiTxvebiT. TiTo baraTze TiTo SekiTxvaa: sad? rodis? rogor? rogori? ratom? risTvis?

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs an daawerinebs martiv winadadebebs (mag., `ma-mam wamiyvana.~). SesaZlebelia erTi winadadeba daurigos yvelas, SesaZlebelia, sxvadasxva;

• moswavleebi baraTebis saerTo dastidan rigrigobiT iReben SekiTxvebian bara-Tebs da Caweril martiv winadadebebs am SekiTxvebis mixedviT ganavrcoben _ ama-teben wevrebs zepirad an werilobiT (anda jer zepirad, Semdeg werilobiT);

• davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi klass warudgenen TavianT ganvrcobil winadadebebs.

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magaliTi

martivi winadadeba: mamam wamiyvana.

ganvrcoba SekiTxvebis gamoyenebiT:

sad? _ mamam tyeSi wamiyvana.

rodis? _ guSin mamam tyeSi wamiyvana.

rogor? _ guSin mamam uRran tyeSi wamiyvana.

risTvis? _ guSin mamam uRran tyeSi wamiyvana sokoebis dasakrefad.

rogori? _ guSin mamam uRran tyeSi wamiyvana wiTelqudiani sokoebis dasakrefad.

SesaZlo winadadebebi sakvanZo sityvebis gamoyenebiT


moswavleebi teqstis wakiTxvamde teqstSi arsebuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT adgenen wina-dadebebs, erTgvarad prognozireben teqstis Sinaarss.

am meTodis gamoyeneba moswavleebs:

• uviTarebs axal leqsikur erTeulebze muSaobisa da sxvadasxva konteqstSi maTi gamoyenebis unar-Cvevas;

• uviTarebs teqstSi mTavari da meorexarisxovani informaciebis garCevis unar-Cvevas;

• umdidrebs leqsikur marags.


resursi: furclebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli teqstidan winaswar SearCevs da dafaze (an formatze) Camowers sak-vanZo leqsikur erTeulebs, romlebic mniSvnelovania teqstis gasaazreblad (Se-saZlebelia, romelime sityva ucnobi iyos moswavleTa umravlesobisTvis);

• sityvebi Camoiwereba im TanmimdevrobiT, ra TanmimdevrobiTac gvxvdeba teqstSi;

• maswavlebeli xmamaRla da garkveviT kiTxulobs TiToeul sityvas;

• moswavleebi msjeloben am sityvebis mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb, azusteben mniSvnelo-bebs;

• moswavleebi Camowerili sityvebis gamoyenebiT, werilobiT an zepirad, adgenen SesaZlo winadadebebs, anu iseT winadadebebs, romlebic, savaraudod, teqstSi SexvdebaT;

• teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg moswavleebi isev miubrundebian wakiTxvamde Camoyalibe-bul SesaZlo winadadebebs da TavianT versiebs Seadareben teqstSi amokiTxuls;

• moswavleebi msjeloben, Tu ramdenad daemTxva maTi winadadebebis Sinaarsi teqs-tis winadadebebis Sinaarss.

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SeniSvna: zogjer maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, teqstis kiTxvisas Tu nusxaSi moce-mul sityvas ipovian, moniSnon igi (gaxazon/Semoxazon), an aswion Sekruli/gaSlili xeli.

fantaziorebi da realistebi (ucnauri winadadebebi)


or jgufad dayofili moswavleebi erTi da imave sityvebis gamoyenebiT adgenen realis-tur da fantastikur winadadebebs.

am aqtivobis meSveobiT moswavleebi:


• iaqtiureben ukve naswavli leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• eCvevian dakvirvebas, yuradRebis mobilizebas, sityvis/winadadebis mniSvnelobis kargad gaazrebas;

• iviTareben SemoqmedebiT da socialur unarebs.

samuSao forma: wyvilebi, mcire jgufebi

resursi: sityvis baraTebi, furceli.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli klass yofs or jgufad. erT jgufs hqvia `fantaziorebi~, meores – `realistebi~;

• maswavlebeli `fantaziorebisa~ da `realistebis~ wyvilebs/jgufebs urigebs si-tyvebis baraTebs (orives erTnairs);

• `fantaziorebi~ am sityvebis gamoyenebiT adgenen ucnaur (absurduli Sinaarsis) winadadebebs;

• `realistebi~ amave sityvebis gamoyenebiT adgenen Cveulebriv, realuri Sinaarsis mqone winadadebebs;

• jgufebi waradgenen TavianT winadadebebs da dafaze akraven (an weren). isini erT-sa da imave sityvebze Sedgenil winadadebebs erTmaneTis gverdiT ganaTavseben da msjeloben maT Sesaxeb.

magaliTi

sityva: xorTumi.

`fantaziorebis~ winadadeba:

Cemma ZaRlma Tavisi grZeli xorTumiT yurebze bafTebi gaikeTa.

`realistebis~ winadadeba:

afrikul spilos Zalian grZeli xorTumi aqvs.

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sityvebis dajgufeba kategoriebSi


moswavleebi ajgufeben SeTavazebul sityvebs garkveuli niSan-Tvisebebis/kategoriebis mixedviT da msjeloben amis Sesaxeb.

am meTodis gamoyeneba xels uwyobs moswavleebSi:

• leqsikuri maragis gamdidrebas;

• Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnis gaaqtiurebas;

• sityvebs/cnebebs Soris mimarTebebis gacnobierebas;

• sityvis/cnebis kategorizebas.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, mcire jgufebi;

resursi: furcelze Camowerili sityvebis nusxa TiToeuli moswavlisaTvis/jgufisTvis, kategoriebis cxrili.

msvleloba

I varianti

• maswavlebeli TiToeul moswavles/jgufs urigebs furcels winaswar SerCeuli sityvebis nusxiT; nusxa SesaZloa erTnairi iyos yvela moswavlisaTvis/jgufis-Tvis, SesaZloa _ gansxvavebuli.

• Semdeg acxadebs kategorias/kategoriebs (mag., cxovelebi, sakvebi da a.S.);

• moswavleebi sityvebis nusxaSi eZeben dasaxelebuli kategoriis Sesabamis sityvebs da amoweren furcelze;

• samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi xmamaRla kiTxuloben TavianT namuSevrebs da, maswavleblis daxmarebiT, gadaamowmeben, sworad daajgufes Tu ara sityvebi.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia, moswavleebma TviTonac moifiqron sityvebi maswavleblis mier dasaxelebuli ama Tu im kategoriisaTvis.

II varianti

• maswavlebeli TiToeul moswavles/jgufs urigebs furcels winaswar SerCeuli sityvebis nusxiT; nusxa SesaZloa erTnairi iyos yvela moswavlisaTvis/jgufis-Tvis, SesaZloa _ gansxvavebuli.

• moswavleebi, nusxis sityvebze dakvirvebiT, TviTon moifiqreben kategoriebs da nusxis sityvebs am kategoriebSi daajgufeben;

• samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi xmamaRla kiTxuloben TavianT namuSe-vrebs da maswavleblis daxmarebiT gadaamowmeben, sworad SeurCies Tu ara sity-vebs kategoriebi.

SesaZlo kategoriebi

• vin jgufis saxelebi, ra jgufis saxelebi, sityvebi mxolobiT ricxvSi, sityvebi mravlobiT ricxvSi.

• WurWeli, aveji, tansacmeli, saTamaSo, sakvebi.

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• mcenare, cxoveli, frinveli, mweri.

• Tvisebebi, grZnobebi, garemoebebi (sad, rodis, rogor...).

• rTuli sityvebi, sityvebi anbanis mixedviT, sityvebi marcvalTa/asoTa raodeno-bis mixedviT.

emociebi/grZnobebi Tvisebebi viTarebebi/garemoebebi

danaRvlianda mouTmeneli Ramdeboda

aRfrTovanda gulCvili sxvebTan erTad


meore enis moswavleebisaTvis maswavlebelma unda SearCios martivi kategoriebi

cxoveli saWmeli garegnoba

zRarbi namcxvari didyura

kurdReli Semwvari kartofili msuqani

sityvebis banki I


moswavleebi agroveben sityvebs, romlebic klasSi sxvadasxva weriTi Tu zepiri aqti-vobebis dros aris xolme gamoyenebuli (mag., `dakarguli sityvebis~ aqtivobis ganxor-cielebisas `napovni~ sityvebi). moswavleebi periodulad ubrundebian am sityvebs da asruleben sxvadasxva davalebas.

am aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavleebs:

• uaqtiurebs Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• aCvevs maT praqtikul gamoyenebas, winadadebebis agebas;

• uviTarebs zepirmetyvelebis unars;

• umdidrebs leqsikur marags.


resursi: mcire zomis baraTebi zed dawerili sityvebiT.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs daawerinebs sityvebs baraTebze da Caawyobinebs sagan-gebod damzadebul ujrebian yuTSi an jibeebian kedlis CanTaSi.

• roca `sityvebis bankSi~ sakmao raodenobis sityvebi dagrovdeba, SeiZleba maTi dajgufeba, kategorizeba da Cawyoba sxvadasxva ujraSi/jibeSi, romelTac eqneba Sesabamisi warwerebi (magaliTad., `cxovelebi~, `nivTebi~...).

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aqtivobebi `sityvebis bankisTvis~:

• cxovelebis ujridan/jibidan amoiRe erTi baraTi da isaubre masze dawerili cxovelis Sesaxeb (rogoria garegnulad, rogori Tvisebebi aqvs, ra zRapari, mo-Txroba wagikiTxavs mis Sesaxeb da a.S.);

• nivTebis ujridan/jibidan amoiRe erTi baraTi da isaubre masze dawerili nivTis Sesaxeb (raSi gamoiyeneba, sad ginaxavs, Sen gaqvs Tu ara Sin, aRwere rogoria da a.S.);

• saTamaSoebis ujridan/jibidan amoiRe 3 baraTi da ganmarte zed dawerili sityva;

• nebismieri ujridan/jibidan amoiRe erTi sityva da misi gamoyenebiT Seadgine winadadeba, an raime teqsti (mag., ambavi, reklama, patara statia, zRapari da sxv.);

• nebismieri ujridan/jibidan amoiRe erTi sityva da dasvi/dawere masTan dakavSi-rebuli 3 SekiTxva;

• nebismieri ujridan/jibidan amoiRe erTi sityva da gaixsene im teqstis mokle Sinaarsi, romelSic es sityva Segvxvda.

sityvebis banki II (sityvebis rveuli)


saswavlo procesis mimdinareobisas klasSi SeiZleba Seiqmnas sityvebis banki/salaro, sityvebis rveuli. aq moswavleebi `Seinaxaven~ gakveTilebze ganxilul sityvebs.

samuSao forma: mTeli klasi

resursi: saqaRalde, sityvis/cnebis sqemebi.

msvleloba

• moswavleebi agroveben axal, rTul, saintereso sityvebs specialur rveulSi, wignakSi (bloknotSi) an saqaRaldeSi.

• `bankSi~ Setanil TiToeul sityvas daerTvis axsna-ganmarteba (ilustraciebis, pirdapiri ganmartebebis, semantikuri sqemebis, sinonimebisa da antonimebis, wina-dadebis nimuSebis da sxv.) saxiT.

• periodulad maswavlebeli amoalagebs `bankSi~ Senaxul sityvebs. saubroben maT-ze, ixseneben _ rodis Seinaxes da ratom, amateben axal informacias.

freieris sqema


freieris sqema saukeTeso saSualebaa ucnob leqsikur erTeulebze samuSaod. misi meS-veobiT moswavleebi erTmaneTs ukavSireben nacnob da ucnob sityvebs. maT unda ganmar-ton samizne sityva/cneba da gamoiyenon es ganmarteba zusti da arazusti magaliTebis Sesadgenad. freieris sqema ufro xSirad gamoiyeneba sainformacio teqstebze samuSaod, SedarebiT rTuli cnebebisa da terminebis ganmartebisaTvis.

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freieris sqemis nimuSi

ganmarteba faqtebi/maxasiaTeblebi ilustracia

zusti magaliTi arazusti magaliTi

am sqemis gamoyeneba moswavles exmareba:

• kargad gaiazros ucnobi sityvis mniSvneloba;

• ganiviTaros kritikuli azrovnebis unari;

• iswavlos axali sityvis Sesabamis konteqstSi gamoyeneba.


resursi: Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi), furclebi.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar Seadgens wasakiTxi teqstis sakvanZo sityvebis nusxas;

• gaacnobs moswavleebs freieris sqemas da auxsnis, Tu rogor ivseba igi. modelirebis mizniT maswavlebeli xmamaRla fiqris meSveobiT moswavleebTan er-Tad Tavadac avsebs sqemas romelime nacnobi sityvis/cnebis mixedviT;

SeniSvna: mniSvnelovania, maswavlebelma xmamaRla fiqris procesSi ganumartos moswa-vleebs, rom sqemis Sevsebisas mTavari principia sityvis/cnebis maxasiaTeblebze dafi-qreba, msgavsebebisa da gansxvavebebis gaazreba da arazusti magaliTebis SerCeva, prin-cipiT: `hgavs, magram ar aris~.

• teqstis wakiTxvamde maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad mimoixilavs sakvanZo sityvebis nusxas klasSi;

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs Sesavseb sqemas (an dafaze xazavs da moswavleebi gadaixazaven);

• moswavleebi kiTxuloben teqsts da avseben sqemas:

• sqemis SuaSi weria ucnobi sityva;

zeda marcxena kuTxeSi moswavleebi weren am sityvis/cnebis ganmartebas Tavian-Ti sityvebiT an leqsikonis/maswavleblis daxmarebiT;

zeda marjvena kuTxeSi weren faqtebs/maxasiaTeblebs axal sityvasTan dakavSi-rebiT da, survilis SemTxvevaSi, akeTeben ilustracias;

qveda marcxena kuTxeSi weren zust magaliTebs;

qveda marjvena kuTxeSi weren arazust magaliTebs, anu iseT sityvebs, romle-bic garkveulwilad hgavs samizne sityvas, magram sinamdvileSi ar Seesabameba mis mniSvnelobas.

sityva/cneba

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SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia, moswavleebma sqemis Sevseba daiwyon teqstis wakiTxvamde, wakiTx-vis Semdeg ki miubrundnen da Seavson/Secvalon TavianTi mosazrebebi.

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi akeTeben prezentaciebs da imarTeba saerTo msjeloba, ramdenad sworadaa Sevsebuli sqema.

ganmarteba

bumbuliani cxoveli, romelsac aqvs frTebi da nikarti, mas SeuZlia frena.

maxasiaTeblebi

debs kvercxs; ikvebeba mcenareebiT, mwerebiT, xorciT; gareulia an Sinauri; SeiZleba iyos mtacebeli.

zusti magaliTi

beRura pingvini siraqlema

msgavsi, magram araswori magaliTi

Ramura, buzi, mfrinavi Tevzi

gasasvleli sityvebi


es aqtivoba aris `gasasvleli baraTebis~ erT-erTi variacia.

misi gamoyenebiT moswavleebi:

• ganimtkiceben leqsikuri erTeulebis codnas;

• gadaamowmeben, sworad gaiges Tu ara axali sityvebis mniSvneloba;

• eCvevian yuradRebis mobilizebas.


resursi: furceli da kalami.

msvleloba

• gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli TiToeul moswavles urigebs TiTo baraTs da sTxovs, masze daweros im dRes Seswavlili ramdenime (raodenobas maswavlebeli gansazRvravs) sityva da ganmartos;

• moswavleebi baraTze weren miTiTebuli raodenobis axalSeswavlil sityvebs da ganmartaven;

• klasidan gasvlisas moswavleebi Sevsebul baraTebs maswavleblis magidaze awyoben;

• maswavlebeli amowmebs baraTebs da, Tu romelime sityva arasworadaa ganmartebuli, meore dRes klasSi kidev erTxel ganmartaven am sityvas.

sityva/cneba

frinveli

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sinonimTa da antonimTa wre


sinonimTa da antonimTa wre Zalze martivi da saxaliso meTodia. is xels uwyobs leqsi-kuri erTeulebis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebasa da damaxsovrebas.

muSaobis forma: jgufi an mTeli klasi;


msvleloba

• moswavleebi sxdebian wreSi;

• erTi moswavle ambobs sityvas, meore ki mis sinonims. ase grZeldeba manam, sanam ar amoiwureba variantebi;

• is vinc ver moifiqrebs sinonims, ambobs dasaxelebuli sityvis antonims;

• Semdegi moswavle asaxelebs antonimis sinonims da ase grZeldeba manam, sanam si-tyvaTa maragi ar gamoelevaT.

• TamaSi ganaxldeba wris im adgilidan, sadac moswavle ambobs axal leqsikur erTeuls.

variaciebi

1. SesaZlebeli aqtivobis saWiroebisamebr garTuleba an gamartiveba. magaliTad, mexu-Te-meeqvse klasebSi SeiZleba wreSi frazeologizmebisa da maTi ganmartebebis an sxva enobrivi elementebis Semotana. erTi moswavle ityvis frazeologizms, meore _ mis gan-martebas. Semdeg is, vinc sworad ganmarta frazeologizmi, ambobs sxva xatovan gamoT-qmas da a. S.

2. SedarebiT dabal klasebSi an qarTulis rogorc meore enis SemswavlelebTan (roca moswavleebs ar aqvT sakmarisi leqsikuri maragi) SesaZlebelia sinonimebisa da antoni-mebis nacvlad daasaxelon erT kategoriaSi Semavali sityvebi, magaliTad, Sinauri cxo-velebi, xili, amindTan dakavSirebuli sityvebi da sxv.

SeniSvna: TamaSs dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebelma SeiZleba refleqsiis elementic Car-Tos da sTxovos moswavleebs, dasaxelebul sityvebs Soris romeli iyo manamde maTTvis ucnobi. SeiZleba maswavlebelma CaaniSninos moswavleebs ucnobi sityvebi da daavalos maTze winadadebebis Sedgena.

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leqsikuri maragis (sityvebis codnis) Semowmeba

arsebobs leqsikuri maragis (sityvebis codnis) Sefasebis mravalferovani instrumente-bi. imis mixedviT, Tu Sefaseba konkretulad ra saxis codnis Semowmebas isaxavs miznad, moswavles SeiZleba moeTxovebodes, rom:

• Seusabamos sityva mis gamosaxulebas;

• amoarCios mocemuli ganmartebis Sesabamisi sityva sityvebis CamonaTvalSi;

• daajgufos sityvebi kategoriebis Sesabamisad;

• amoicnos sityva, romelic ar miekuTvneba mocemul sityvaTa jgufs;

• gamoiyenos konteqsti, raTa amoicnos sityvis mniSvneloba;

• sworad SearCios mocemuli sityvis mniSvneloba, sinonimi an antonimi mocemuli variantebidan;

• sworad Casvas winadadebaSi/teqstSi gamotovebuli sityvebi;

• moZebnos sityvis ganmarteba leqsikonSi da sxv.

leqsikuri maragis Sesamowmebeli davalebebi da testebi or ZiriTad kategoriad iyofa, esenia: 1) calke aRebuli sityvis mniSvnelobis dadgena da 2) konteqstSi mocemuli sity-vis mniSvnelobis dadgena. gageba-gaazrebaze orientirebul saswavlo procesSi upira-tesoba meore kategoriis davalebebs/testebs eniWeba. qvemoT mocemulia aseTi testis nimuSi.

leqsikuri maragis testi

testis daniSnuleba: leqsikuri erTeulis gagebisa da konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiT swo-rad gamoyenebis unaris Semowmeba.

testis tipi: jgufuri an individualuri; weriTi.

testis Catarebis vadebi: qarTuli ena: meore, mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse klase-bi. qarTuli, rogorc meore ena: mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba TiToeuli smestris dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba SeiZleba Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi.

testis xangrZlivoba: 10 wuTi

testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) moswavlis individualuri samuSao furceli, b) saaTi an wammzomi.

testis Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs samuSao furclebs da ambobs: `bavSvebo, axla Tqven dagirigdaT furclebi, romlebzec weria winadadebebi. zogierT winadadebaSi sityvaa gamotovebuli. Tqven CamoTvlili sityvebidan yvelaze Sesaferisi unda SearCioT da moniSnoT. zog winadadebaSi gamuqebuli sityva SegxvdebaT da CamoTvlili sityvebidan unda SearCioT misi sinonimi/imave mniSvnelobis mqone sity-va. gTxovT, daxedoT Tqvens furcels. ganvixiloT aq mocemuli magaliTebi.

pirveli magaliTi:

mxdali kurdReli daTvis danaxvisTanave buCqebSi miimala.

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am winadadebaSi sityva mxdali niSnavs: a) morcxvs, b) mSiSaras, g) swrafs.

unda SemoxazoT pasuxi b) mSiSaras, radganac am winadadebaSi sityva `mxdali~ `mSiSaras~ niSnavs.

meore magaliTi:

futkari zuzunebs, cxeni __________ .

a) yroyinebs b) WikWikebs g) Wixvinebs

unda SemoxazoT pasuxi g) Wixvinebs.

aseT winadadebaSi ar CaweroT gamotovebuli sityva, mxolod SemoxazeT.

gasagebia, bavSvebo? maSin, axla Tqveni jeria. Tu SeiZleba, SemoxazeT is pasuxi, rome-lic, Tqveni azriT, sworia. am davalebis Sesasruleblad 10 wuTi geZlevaT. me Segaxse-nebT dasrulebis dros. axla yvelam miCveneT kalmebi. mzad xarT? maSin, SegiZliaT, daiwyoT. imuSaveT mSvidad~.

qulebis miniWeba

moswavle yovel sworad Semoxazul variantSi 1 qulas iReben.

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nimuSi: II klasi

moswavlis samuSao furceli

moswavle: TariRi:

waikiTxe TiToeuli winadadeba. yoveli winadadebis qveS mocemulia sami savaraudo pasuxi (a, b, g). SearCie swori pasuxi da Semoxaze Sesabamisi aso (a, b an g).

pirveli magaliTi:

mxdali kurdReli daTvis danaxvisTanave buCqebSi miimala. am winadadebaSi sityva mxdali niSnavs:

a) morcxvs b) mSiSaras g) swrafs

unda Semoxazo pasuxi b) mSiSaras, radganac am winadadebaSi sityva mxdali mSiSaras niSnavs.

meore magaliTi:

futkari zuzunebs, cxeni __________ .

a) yroyinebs b) WikWikebs g) Wixvinebs

unda Semoxazo pasuxi g) Wixvinebs.

aseT winadadebaSi ar Cawero gamotovebuli sityva, mxolod Semoxaze.

1. giorgi bejiTi biWia. bejiTi aq niSnavs:

a) keTils b) usaqmurs g) Sromismoyvares

2. fanjridan imzireba gaxarebuli mari. imzireba niSnavs, rom:

a) iyureba b) ucinis g) xedavs

3. ninom saCuqrad kompiuteri miiRo da __________ gadaxeda stumrebs.

a) gulmosulad b) Tavmomwoned g) naRvlianad

4. ani advilad mixvda pasuxs, radgan gonieri gogona iyo. ras niSnavs gonieri?

a) gonebadafantuls b) mamacs g) Wkvians

5. leqsos erideboda Tavis jildoebze laparaki. morcxvi da _____________ biWuna iyo.

a) boRmiani b) gagulisebuli g) Tavmdabali

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6. mTeli dRis sagzali moimaraga da CanTaSi Caiwyo. ras niSnavs sagzali?

a) saskolo nivTebs b) saWmels g) fuls

7. giorgis SeWamandi ar moewona da gabrazebulma gaswia TefSi. ras niSnavs SeWamandi?

a) nivTs b) saWmels g) WurWels

8. maradmwvane mcenarea:

a) vaSli b) muxa g) naZvi

9. Tovli, wvima, setyva aris bunebrivi __________ .

a) naleqi b) narCeni g) wyali

10. fiWvi __________ mcenarea.

a) kvirtovani b) foTlovani g) wiwvovani

11. SeSinebul kurdRels mgeli Semoeyara. Semoeyara niSnavs, rom:

a) daemala b) daemuqra g) Sexvda

Sevsebuli testis nimuSi

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`dakarguli sityvebis~ aqtivoba, rogorc leqsikuri unaris Sefasebis saSualeba

dakarguli sityvebi~ (da misi adaptirebuli varianti _ amomxtari sityvebi~) efeqturi strategiaa rogorc sityvebze muSaobis unaris ganviTarebisTvis, aseve leqsikuri unaris Sesafasebladac.

testis daniSnuleba: leqsikuri erTeulis gagebisa da konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiT sworad gamoyenebis unaris Semowmeba. es aris kiTxvis komponenti, romelic xels uwyobs moswavles teqstis gageba-gaazrebaSi.

testis tipi: individualuri; weriTi.

testis Catarebis vadebi: meore, mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba saswavlo wlis dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba SeiZleba Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi.

testis xangrZlivoba: 15-20 wuTi (teqstis sirTulisa da zomis Sesabamisad)

testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) moswavlis individualuri samuSao furceli, b) saaTi

testis Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs samuSao furclebs da ambobs: `bavSvebo, axla Tqven dagirigdaT furclebi, romelzec mocemulia mcire zomis teqti, saidanac amoiRebulia/dakargulia ramdenime sityva. waikiTxeT teqsti da `daabruneT~ `dakarguli~ sityvebi TavianT adgilebze. erTi gamotovebuli sityvis adgilas SegiZliaT, ramdenime savaraudo varianti CaweroT.

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`dakarguli sityvebis~ testi


silis koSki

zRvis piras ori biWi gulmodgined agebs silis koSks. orives briala Taflisferi Tvalebi aqvs, Calisferi Tmebi. verafriT gaarCevT erTmaneTisagan. albaT mixvdiT, ratomac. diax, isini tyupebi arian: laSa da irakli, an ase vTqvaT: irakli da laSa. Tumca, ra mniSvneloba aqvs?! maritam didxans ucqira maT gamalebul muSaobas, gulma aRar mouTmina da moridebulad sTxova biWebs:

_ mec avageb koSks TqvenTan erTad.

_ sad gagonila, rom gogonebi agebdnen koSkebs, es ra qalis saqmea?! _ iukadrisa iraklim.

cremlebi rom daemala, wamwamebi aafaxuna gogonam.

_ marita, marituna, Cven avagebT koSkebs, Sen ki am koSkis mzeTunaxavi iqnebi, _ sxapasxupiT miugo laSam, Zmas daubRvira, _ viTom ratom araa qalis saqme?!

iraklim morcxvad CaRuna Tavi, mere Tavisi niCabi gauwoda gogonas. gaxarebulma maritam gauRima, gamoarTva da biWebze aranaklebi mondomebiT Seudga muSaobas.

koSki marTlac zRapruli gamouvidaT, maritasnair gogos rom Seefereboda, iseTi.

Sin wasvla aRar undodaT megobrebs. mzis Casvlamde isxdnen zRvis piras da aTasnair ambavs Txzavdnen koSkSi Caketil mzeTunaxavsa da gulad raindze.

meore diliT adrianad miaSures biWebma sanapiros, magram sadRa iyo koSki?! mis adgilas velosipedis borblis nakvalevi daxvdaT. erTmaneTs usityvod Sexedes, usityvodve saswrafod Seudgnen axali, zustad iseTive koSkis agebas. Cqarobdnen, male maritac gamoCndeboda sanapiroze.

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`dakarguli sityvebis~ testi

moswavlis furceli

moswavle: TariRi:

silis koSki

zRvis piras ori biWi gulmodgined __________ silis koSks. orives briala Taflisferi __________ aqvs, Calisferi Tmebi. verafriT gaarCevT __________ . albaT mixvdiT, ratomac. diax, isini __________ arian: laSa da irakli, an __________ vTqvaT: irakli da laSa. Tumca, __________ mniSvneloba aqvs?!

maritam didxans ucqira __________ gamalebul muSaobas, gulma aRar mouTmina __________ moridebulad sTxova biWebs:

_ mec avageb __________ TqvenTan erTad.

_ sad gagonila, rom __________ agebdnen koSkebs, es ra qalis __________ _ iukadrisa iraklim.

cremlebi rom daemala, __________ aafaxuna gogonam.

_ marita, marituna, Cven __________ koSkebs, Sen ki am koSkis __________ iqnebi, _ sxapasxupiT miugo laSam, Zmas daubRvira, _ viTom ratom araa qalis __________?!

iraklim morcxvad CaRuna Tavi, mere __________ niCabi gauwoda gogonas. gaxarebulma maritam __________, gamoarTva da biWebze aranaklebi mondomebiT __________ muSaobas.

koSki marTlac zRapruli gamouvidaT, __________ gogos rom Seefereboda, iseTi. Sin __________ aRar undodaT megobrebs. mzis Casvlamde __________ zRvis piras da aTasnair ambavs __________ koSkSi Caketil mzeTunaxavsa da gulad __________.

meore diliT adrianad miaSures biWebma __________, magram sadRa iyo koSki?! mis __________ velosipedis borblis nakvalevi daxvdaT. erTmaneTs __________ Sexedes, usityvodve saswrafod Seudgnen axali, __________ iseTive koSkis agebas. Cqarobdnen, male __________ gamoCndeboda sanapiroze.

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`amomxtari sityvebis~ aqtivobis baraTis nimuSi

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• raariskiTxvismTavaridaniSnuleba?

• rasniSnavswakiTxuliteqstisgageba-gaazrebada

rogorkiTxulobenefeqturimkiTxvelebi?

• rogorvaswavloTmoswavleebsgageba-gaazrebis

strategiebi?

• rameTodebigamoviyenoTgageba-gaazrebazemuSaobis

dros?

• rogorSevafasoTgageba-gaazrebisunari?

Tavi VI

gageba-gaazreba

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gageba-gaazrebis meTodebis/aqtivobebis cxrili


klasteruli/gonebrivi ruka furceli da kalami 226

pirveli striqonebi winaswar SerCeuli teqsti 228

molodinebis gzamkvlevi dafa/didi formati, carci/markeri 228

sagazeTo statiis saTauri furceli, kalami, dafa, carci an markeri 229

marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba teqsti (an teqstebi) moswavleTa kiTxvis donis, saWiroebebis an interesebis gaT-valiswinebiT; furceli, kalami

230

personaJis ruka kalami, furceli / Sesavsebi sqema(sqemebis amosabeWdi versiebi ix. danarTSi)

233

debatebi 236

sokrateseuli (sokratuli) dialogi 237

daamyare kavSiri kalami, furceli / Sesavsebi sqema(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

239

paralelebis gavleba / kavSirebis damyareba

winaswar SerCeuli teqsti, kalami, furce-li / Sesavsebi sqema(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

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urTierTswavleba winaswar SerCeuli teqsti, dafa, carci/markeri, kalami, furceli, Sesavsebi sqema(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

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mozaika moswavleTa jgufebis raodenobis mixed-viT dayofili teqsti, feradi/danomrili baraTebi

244

oTxi kuTxe sityvis baraTebi, didi formatis qaRaldi/dafa, markeri/carci

246

cocxali qvizi/a-b-g-d kuTxeebi a-b-g-d iarliyebi; mokle SekiTxvebi oTxi savaraudo pasuxiT

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5 kiTxva (vin? sad? ra? rodis? ratom?)

dafa, carci/markeri, kalami, furceli/Sesavsebi sqema(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

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kiTxvebi da pasuxebi (QAR) winaswar SerCeuli teqsti, kalami, furce-li/Sesavsebi sqema(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

249

dafiqrdi – dawyvildi – gauziare dafa/didi formatis qaRaldi, carci/mark-eri, furceli, kalami

251

3-2-1da misi variaciebi dafa, carci/markeri, teqsti, furceli/rveuli, kalami

252

samwuTiani pauza winaswar momzadebuli dausrulebeli winadadebebi yvela moswavlisaTvis, dafa, carci/markeri, kalami, rveuli

253

mibrundi da isaubre rveuli/furceli, kalami 254

erTwinadadebiani Sejameba (reziume) furceli, kalami 255

erTsityviani Sejameba (reziume) furceli, kalami, dafa, carci/markeri 255

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`anabana~ reziume rveuli/samuSao furceli, kalami 256

reziume da SekiTxvebi baraTebze samuSao furceli, kalami 257

Sejamebis burTi rbili burTi an rbili saTamaSo 258

maxasiaTeblebis cxrili samuSao furceli/rveuli, kalami, dafa, carci/markeri

258

viRacas – undoda – magram – sab-olood

winaswar SerCeuli teqsti, samuSao furce-li.

259

teqsti ambobs – me vfiqrob – ami-tomac

samuSao furceli, kalami 260

Sejamebis varskvlavi teqsti, furceli/Sesavsebi sqema(sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

262

gasasvleli bileTebi mcire zomis baraTebi, kalami, dafa, car-ci/markeri

263

Sesasvleli bileTebi mcire zomis baraTebi, kalami, dafa, carci/markeri

264

Sida wre – gare wre furceli, kalami 265

xuTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani ram furceli, kalami 266

gavige – ver gavige furceli, kalami 266

cocxali qandakeba/gayinuli epizo-di/cocxali suraTebi mcire rekvizitisa da kostiumisTvis saW-

iro masala

267

Tovlis gundebi furceli, dafa, carci/markeri 268

diorama dasamuSavebeli teqsti (mxatvruli an sainformacio), mcire zomis yuTi; plas-telini, feradi qaRaldebi/furclebi, stikerebi, saxatavi fanqrebi, flomastere-bi, pastelebi, webo, mcire zomis figurebi, feradi Zafebi da sxv.

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fotofiniSi samuSao furceli, feradi fanqrebi 269

komiqsi furceli, fanqari, saSleli, feradi fan-qrebi

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efeqturi aqtivobebi wakiTxvamde, kiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdeg

citatebi wignis dasawyisidan, Sua nawilidan da dasasrulidan

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werilebi 273

werili prodiusers 273

wignis reklama 273

dramatuli monologi 273

debatebi or furcelze 274

wignebis bazroba 274

haiku 274

wignis recenzia 274

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Zvirfaso avtoro! 274

drois RerZi 274

nawarmoebTan dakavSirebuli xelovnebis nimuSebi

274

filmis Treileri 274

adaptacia 274

saxviTi xelovneba 274

speqtakli/warmodgena 275

kolaJi 275

zedsarTavebi 275

Zvirfaso dRiuro! 275

ra iqneboda... 275

interviu personaJTan 275

pirovnuli reklama 275

Caamate 275

drois manqana 275

biografia 275

avtobiografia 275

meore Sansi 275

mkiTxvelis reaqciis dRiuri 276

citatebi da komentarebi 276

Zvirfaso klaselo! 276

kavSiri mediasTan 276

Caixede tvinSi 276

ucnauri interviu personaJTan / avtorTan

276

mxolod faqtebi 276

genderuli Canacvleba 276

ToqSou 276

urTierTswavleba 276

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ra aris gageba-gaazreba da ratom aris igi mniSvnelovani?

Sefiqrianebuli samocive burbuSela ukan ixreba, raTa saxanZroiasamaniuRimRamodgaibzaros.

albaT am winadadebis yvela sityva nacnobia TqvenTvis da yoveli maTganis mniSvnelobac kargad iciT. metic, garkveuli warmatebiT TiToeuli sityvisa da mTeli winadadebis gramatikuli analizic SegiZliaT. miuxedavad amisa, ramdenime wakiTxvis Semdegac ki, raime azri gamogaqvT? albaT, ara.

teqstis gagebasTan dakavSirebuli yvelaze gavrcelebuli warmodgena aseTia: Tu sity-vebi ici, winadadebebsac gaigeb. rasakvirvelia, sityvebis gagebas gadamwyveti mniSvne-loba aqvs teqstis gaazrebis procesSi.1 Tumca es sakmarisi ar aris. davfiqrdeT, ra gansxvavebaa sityvebis wakiTxvasa da teqstis gageba-gaazrebas Soris. maSinac ki, roca Tqven cnobT yovel sityvas (avtomaturad SifravT orTografiul xats) da TiToeul maTgans myisierad aniWebT Sesabamis mniSvnelobas, gamTlianebuli, konkretuli azris Camoyalibebas mainc ver axerxebT. warmoidgineT, amgvari winadadebebiT awyobili ram-denime gverdi rom gqonodaT wasakiTxi. Tanac, yovel meore winadadebaSi TiTo an or-or ucxo sityvasac SexvedrodiT. albaT yvelafers iRonebdiT, rom aseTi mtanjveli saqmisTvis Tavi ageridebinaT.

kiTxva gaazrebis gareSe kiTxva ar aris. ginaxavT bavSvi romelsac SeuZlia, sworad wai-kiTxos sityvebi, magram Tu hkiTxavT, ra waikiTxa, verafers ambobs? am movlenas SeiZle-ba ramdenime mizezi hqondes, kerZod:

- moswavle imdenad did energias xarjavs sityvebis amocnobasa da `gabgerebaze~, rom maTi mniSvneloba `ekargeba~ (gauwafavi kiTxva);

- moswavles imdenad ar sWirdeba an ar ainteresebs teqstis Tema da Sinaarsi, rom ver axerxebs masSi gadmocemul informaciaze koncentrirebas (motivaciis arqona);

- teqsti imdenad rTulia leqsikuri, sintaqsuri an konceptualuri kuTxiT, rom moswavle ver axerxebs azrebis gamotanas da erTmaneTze gadabmas (moswavlis ki-Txvis donesa da teqstis kiTxvadobas Soris Seusabamoba).

wakiTxvisa da gaazrebis procesebi mWidrodaa erTmaneTze gadajaWvuli da erTdroulad mimdinareobs. kiTxvis am or did komponents Soris gansxvavebas gawafuli mkiTxvelebi ver vgrZnobT _ kiTxva erTiani, ganuyofeli procesi gvgonia. patara mkiTxvelebisTvis ki sityvebis amokiTxvasa da teqstis gaazrebas Soris kavSiri aseTive mkafio da TavisTa-vadi sulac ar aris. maTi Zalisxmeva ZiriTadad dekodirebis anu simboloTa gaSifvris proceszea mimarTuli. amitom, sanam sityvebis amocnobaSi gaiwafebian, gaazrebisa da interpretaciisTvis naklebi energia rCebaT.

sityvebis amocnobis unaris gawafva (swrafi dekodireba da mniSvnelobis miniWeba) kargi kiTxvis umniSvnelovanesi sayrdenia. Tumca es mxolod pirveli nabijia. mTavaria, moswa-vleebma SeZlon sxvadasxva tipis teqstidan azris gamotana, sakuTar gonebaSi warmodge-nebis konstruireba da imis gacnobiereba, Tu ras eubneba avtori mkiTxvels.

1 kvlevebis mixedviT, Tu teqstis sityvaTa 5%-ze meti gaugebaria, mkiTxvels frustracia eufleba. swored am kanonzomierebas eyrdnoba wignis SerCevis `xuTi TiTis~ wesic.

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gageba-gaazreba kiTxvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani samizne komponentia.

mokled rom vTqvaT, igi wakiTxulidan azris gamotanaa. erTi SexedviT, es martiv moqme-debad aRiqmeba. magram procesi sakmaod rTulia da misi swavleba, swavla da praqtikaSi gadatana advili ar aris. gageba-gaazreba nebelobiTi (Segnebuli), aqtiuri, interaqtiu-li (igulisxmeba interaqcia avtorTan) procesia. is iwyeba wakiTxvamde, mimdinareobs kiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdegac grZeldeba. arsebobs gageba-gaazrebis sxvadasxva done: sityvasityviTi, analitikuri da SefasebiTi. mkiTxveli iazrebs teqstSi mocemul eqsplicitur, faqtobriv informacias da aseve implicitur, teqstSi dafaruli saxiT arsebul informacias.

ganvixiloT ufro detalurad. roca bavSvi kiTxulobs, mis gonebaSi sinqronulad muSa-obs ramdenime `procesori~:

• anbanuri/orTografiuli procesori, romelic asoebs aRiqvams; kvlevebis umra-vlesoba gvarwmunebs, rom gawafuli mkiTxveli avtomaturad cnobs yovel sityvas da mis Semadgenel yvela asos;

• fonologiuri procesori, romelic aRqmul mTlian sityvebs gonebaSi axmovanebs;

• semantikuri procesori, romelic TiToeul dekodirebul sityvas mniSvnelobas aniWebs;

• sintaqsuri (gramatikuli) procesori, romelic sityvebs aRiqvams da aerTianebs sxva sityvebTan winaswar gansazRvruli gramatikuli wesebis mixedviT;

• konteqsturi procesori, romelic ufro msxvil ideebSi aerTianebs sityvebs da frazebs, ayalibebs varaudebs momdevno sityvebisa da abzacebis Sinaarsis Sesaxeb. es bolo procesori ver imuSavebs wina procesorebisgan mowyvetilad. Tumca oTxive procesoris erTdrouli muSaoba xels uwyobs erTmaneTis efeqturobas.

gawafuli mkiTxvelis gonebaSi kiTxvis teqnikur mxareze pasuxismgebeli procesorebi imdenad swrafad da xarisxianad muSaoben, rom mkiTxvels gaazrebisaTvis saukeTeso wi-napiroebebs uqmnis. gageba-gaazrebis siRrmesa da sicxades semantikuri da konteqsturi procesorebis intensiuri, SeTanxmebuli muSaoba ganapirobebs. Tu romelime procesori Seferxda, saazrovno energia aso-bgerebisa da sityvebis damuSavebaze ixarjeba, rac Si-naarsSi wvdomisTvis saWiro energias sxva procesebisken mimarTavs.

gageba-gaazrebasa da leqsikur marags Soris arsebobs kvleviT dadasturebuli mWidro kavSiri, kerZod, bavSvebi, romlebmac meti sityva ician, ukeT igeben teqstebs. teqstis gasagebad mkiTxvelma masSi gamoyenebuli sityvebi unda gaigos. Tu calkeuli sityvebi gaugebaria, mTliani teqstic gaugebari darCeba. teqstis yoveli sityvisaTvis mniSvne-lobis miniWebis garda, bavSvma unda SeZlos maTi logikuri msjelobiT uerTierTdaka-vSireba da gamTlianeba. swored es ganapirobebs teqstis gageba-gaazrebas da amitom aris saWiro, rom bavSvebma uwyvetad gaimdidron leqsikuri maragi axali sityvebiT. wina TavSi Cven ukve SevexeT leqsikur erTeulebze muSaobis saukeTeso meTodebs da resur-sebs. mniSvnelovania, rom moswavleebma aqtiurad gamoiyenon isini wakiTxvamde, kiTxvis procesSi da wakiTxvis Semdeg.

cnobilia, rom teqstis gageba-gaazrebaze orientirebuli mkiTxvelebi iyeneben gaazre-bis strategiebs. esenia: SekiTxvebis dasma da pasuxebis Zieba, teqstis struqturaze dak-virveba, Sejameba, warmosaxvaSi gacocxleba, gagebis monitoringi da sxv.

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rogor viTardeba gageba-gaazrebis unari?

patara mkiTxvelebi gageba-gaazrebis unars advilad, swrafad da TavisTavad ver eu-flebian. wakiTxulis gageba-gaazrebis strategiebis gamoyeneba xangrZlivad iswavleba. SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom teqstebis kiTxvasTan erTad gageba-gaazrebac TavisTavad ga-Rrmavdeba. samwuxarod, xSirad ase ar xdeba. gaazrebis unar-Cvevebs/strategiebs Sev-seba, gamdidreba, gaZliereba da uwyveti gadaxaliseba sWirdeba. mniSvnelovania, rom sxvadasxva tipis teqsts gaazrebis gansxvavebuli strategiebi miesadageba. mxatvruli, TxrobiTi teqstebis gaazreba gansxvavdeba sabunebismetyvelo teqstebis gaazrebisagan, romelic, Tavis mxriv, gansxvavdeba sagazeTo statiis gaazrebisagan da a.S. ase rom, gageba-gaazrebis aTviseba mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeba da damokidebulia imaze, Tu ra tipis, siRrmis da diapazonis teqstebs kiTxulobs adamiani.

gageba-gaazrebaze oTxi faqtori zemoqmedebs, esenia: 1) mkiTxveli, 2) teqsti, 3) mizani da 4) situaciuri konteqsti/garemo. mkiTxveli aris subieqti, romelic CarTulia ga-geba-gaazrebis procesSi (magaliTad, mesameklaseli elene an meeqvseklaseli muradi). teqsti aris sakiTxavi masala, romelsac iazrebs mkiTxveli (moTxroba, statia, leqsi, sareklamo gancxadeba da sxv.). mizani gulisxmobs gaazrebis amocanas, romlis Sesrule-basac cdilobs mkiTxveli da im strategiebs, romlebsac amisaTvis iyenebs (magaliTad, argumentirebuli eseisTvis informaciis moZieba, konstruqtoris awyobis proceduris gacnoba, nawarmoebis ZiriTadi ideis dadgena, movlenebis Tanmimdevrobis droiT Rer-Zze warmodgena, personaJis ganzraxvis amocnoba da sxv.). konteqsti ki aris im garemoe-baTa erToblioba, romelSic mimdinareobs kiTxvis procesi.

mkiTxveli

teqsti

mizani/davaleba

• winarecodna(zogadi,Tematuri,enobrivi)

• motivacia

• leqsikurimaragi

• kiTxvisunari

• TemadaSinaarsi

• tipidastruqtura

• moculoba

• enobrivimaxasiaTeblebi(sintaqsidasemantika)

• dizaini(kompozicia,Srifti,ilustraciebi

• davalebisSesrulebateqstzedayrdnobiT

• konkretuliinformaciisamoRebateqstidan

• sakiTxisgaanalizeba,informaciisinterpretaciadagamoyeneba

• esTetikurisiamovnebismiReba

• kiTxvisswavla

rogorc zemoT vTqviT, wakiTxulis gaazreba sam sxvadasxva donezea SesaZlebeli: a) sityvasityviTi gagebis doneze, b) analizisa da daskvnis gamotanis (Cawvdomis) doneze da g) kritikuli Sefasebis doneze. Sesabamisad, gageba-gaazrebisaTvis mkiTxvelma unda SeZlos teqstis mravalmxrivi interpretacia, rac moiTxovs:

• nacnobi sityvebis avtomaturad amocnobas da maTi mniSvnelobis gaxsenebas;

• ucnobi sityvebis swrafad dekodirebas da maTTvis mniSvnelobis miniWebas;

• konteqsturi miniSnebebis/gasaRebebis amocnobas da gamoyenebas;

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• winadadebebSi gadmocemuli azrebis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebas;

• teqstidan miRebuli informaciis dakavSirebas sakuTar gamocdilebasTan;

• wakiTxulis gasaazreblad iseTi strategiebis gamoyenebas, rogoricaa: vizuali-zeba, Sejameba, mTavari ideis gamokveTa, teqstis nawilebs Soris mimarTebis dad-gena, sxvadasxva donis kiTxvebis dasma, daskvnebis gakeTeba, varaudebis gamoTqma da sxv.

moswavleTa garkveuli nawili rig sirTuleebs awydeba wakiTxulis gaazrebaSi, amitom saWiroa mimovixiloT am sirTuleebis ganmapirobebeli faqtorebi, raTa SevimuSavoT swori strategiebi/midgomebi da gamoviyenoT Sesabamisi meTodebi maT aRmosafxvrelad.

is mkiTxveli, romelic wakiTxulis gaazrebis Zlieri unarebiT gamoirCeva, kiTxvisas mraval kognitur strategias iyenebs, rogoricaa warmodgena da warmosaxva – wakiTxu-li scenebis, moqmedebebis, gmirebis, situaciebis vizualizeba. teqstis wakiTxvisas mas ebadeba kiTxvebi da cdilobs, am kiTxvebze pasuxebis gacemas, kiTxvisas akontrolebs, ra gaigo da ra – vera, wakiTxuls kritikulad iazrebs, SeuZlia teqstSi gadmocemuli ZiriTadi azrebis Sejameba da varaudebis gamoTqma. yovelive zemoTqmulis gansaxorcie-leblad kargi mkiTxveli SeiZleba xSirad daubrundes wakiTxul epizodebs da kiTxvis miznebis Sesabamisad cvalos kiTxvis strategiebi.

saswavlo amocanebi (misaRwevi Sedegebi) da swavlis traeqtoria

pirveli, sabaziso donea sityvasityviT azris gageba. am doneze mkiTxvels SeuZlia te-qstidan faqtobrivi informaciis amoReba (sad xdeba moqmedeba, ra hqvia mTavar gmirs, ra profesiisaa da a. S.).

analitikuri kiTxvis doneze mkiTxvelma unda SeZlos teqstSi mocemuli informaciis safuZvelze daskvnebis gamotana, mag., personaJi daaxasiaTos misi metyvelebis da qce-vis mixedviT. am dros, garda imisa, rom mkiTxveli akeTebs daskvnebs, SeuZlia teqstSi mocemuli informaciis safuZvelze Semdgomi movlenebic ivaraudos. kargi mkiTxvelebi cdiloben gamokveTon yvelaze mniSvnelovani movlenebi, gamoitanon daskvnebi maTi mi-zezebisa da SesaZlo Sedegebis Sesaxeb. es aucilebeli unarebia teqstis gasaazreblad, vinaidan avtori yvela detals ver gaaSuqebs, xSirad is arapirdapiri, imlicituri saxiT gvawvdis ideebs TiToeuli detalis sagangebo aRwerisa da axsna-ganmartebis gareSe.

kritikuli kiTxva ki is donea, roca mkiTxvels wakiTxulis gaazrebasTan erTad misi Se-fasebac SeuZlia, mag., SeuZlia azri gamoTqvas avtoris miznis, Canafiqris, stilis, idei-sa Tu TvalTaxedvis Sesaxeb. agreTve, SeuZlia wakiTxuli teqstis ZiriTadi azris gamok-veTa, misi sxva avtorebis ideebTan Sedareba da sakuTari damokidebulebis gansazRvra.

rogorc vxedavT, gageba-gaazreba kompleqsuri unaria, romlis ganviTarebas sakmao dro da Zalisxmeva esaWiroeba. qarTuli saganmanaTleblo sivrcisTvis SedarebiT axalia erovnuli saswavlo gegmis iseTi aspeqtebi, rogoricaa:

• kiTxvis swavlebis dasawyisSive gageba-gaazrebaze orientireba anbanisa da deko-direbis swavlebis paralelurad (pirvel klasSi);

• gageba-gaazrebis sawyisi strategiebis modelireba da gavarjiSeba (jer kidev pirveli klasidan);

• mxatvruli teqstebis paralelurad sainformacio teqstebis wakiTxvis swavleba.

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kargi mkiTxvelis unar-Cvevebi da strategiebi

moniSvnebi da Canawerebi. kargi mkiTxveli kiTxvis dros akeTebs aRniSvnebs saintereso, gaugebar, sakvanZo sityvebze, winadadebebsa da abzacebze. amoiwers baraTze an rveulSi ucnob sityvebs, terminebs, citatebs da sxv.

kavSirebi teqstSi. kiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdegac gaacnobierebs, Tu ra kavSiria teqstsa da sakuTar gamocdilebas Soris, aseve, ra kavSirSia es teqsti sxva teqstebTan da garesamyarosTan.

vizualizacia. kiTxvisas cdilobs, mkafiod warmoidginos personaJebi, movlenebi, sagne-bi da mimarTebebi.

SekiTxvebis dasma. usvams SekiTxvebs sakuTar Tavs da avtors wakiTxvamde, wakiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdeg.

xelmeored wakiTxva. xelaxla ubrundeba da kiTxulobs teqsts zogierTi detalis da-sazusteblad da wamoWril SekiTxvebze pasuxis mosaZieblad an gaazrebis procesSi aR-mocenebuli barierebis dasaZlevad.

teqstis nawilebad dayofa. TiTo jerze kiTxulobs mxolod erTi-or abzacs an ramdenime winadadebas. pauzis gakeTebisas dafiqrdeba wakiTxul monakveTze, iyenebs kiTxvis stra-tegiebs da amis Semdeg agrZelebs kiTxvas.

`sami daTvis~ principi (adekvaturi teqstebis SerCeva). biblioTekaSi, wignis maRaziaSi Tu saklaso oTaxSi wignis SerCevisas iTvaliswinebs, rom wigni ar unda iyos zedmetad rTu-li an zedmetad martivi. zedmetad rTulia wigni, romlis erT gverdze 5-ze meti gau-gebari sityvaa. Sesaferisia iseTi wigni, romlis TiTo gverdze SeiZleba iyos erTi-ori ucnobi sityva, magram mTlianobaSi teqstis Sinaarsi gasagebia.

kiTxva mewyvilesTan erTad. xmamaRla kiTxulobs TiTo abzacs mewyvilesTan erTad. yo-veli abzacis Semdeg erTad Seajameben da ganixilaven wakiTxuls. kiTxvis procesSi xma-maRla gamoTqvams SekiTxvebs da azrebs. magaliTad, Tu personaJma vinme gaaxsena, Cer-deba da saubrobs am asociaciis Sesaxeb. es teqnika SemdgomSic daexmareba wakiTxulis gaxsenebaSi.

dRiuris warmoeba. kiTxvis procesSi akeTebs Canawerebs specialur `mkiTxvelis~ dRiur-Si. sxvebsac uziarebs sakuTar STabeWdilebebs da Sexedulebebs mimoweris dRiurebSi.

onlain komunikacia wakiTxulis Sesaxeb. ganaTavsebs sakuTar Canawerebs da STabeWdi-lebebs internet sivrceSi (blogze, forumebze, socialur qselSi da a.S.) kiTxulobs sxvaTa Canawerebs da monawileobs onlain ganxilvebSi.

grafikuli sqemebi. qmnis grafikul sqemebs da cxrilebs, romlebSic vizualurad asaxavs teqstSi gadmocemul informacias. sqemebs iyenebs sakuTari teqstis gaazrebisa da saku-Tari damokidebulebebis CamoyalibebisaTvis.

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gageba-gaazrebis swavlebis zogadi principebi

wakiTxulis gageba-gaazrebis unari yvelaze ukeT maSin viTardeba, roca maswavlebeli mas eqspliciturad _ Cvenebis, axsnisa da marTuli praqtikis gziT aswavlis moswavleebs. aseve kargi Sedegi aqvs strategiebis kombinirebulad gamoyenebas (magaliTad, roca moswavleebi cdiloben, SekiTxvebis dasmisa da Sejamebis strategiebi erTdroulad ga-moiyenon). mniSvnelovania, moswavleebs mieceT saSualeba, rom gansxvavebuli tipisa da Janris teqstebTan imuSaon da gamoiyenon aTvisebuli strategiebi. gageba-gaazrebis swa-vlebaSi warmatebis oqros gasaRebi kargad struqturirebuli aqtivobebia.

ra aZlierebs gageba-gaazrebis swavleba-swavlis process?

- teqstis gageba-gaazrebis strategiebis swavleba;

- teqstze fokusirebuli diskusiebi moswavleebs Soris;

- TanamSromlobiTi swavla wyvilebsa da mcire jgufebSi;

- adekvaturi, magram gansxvavebuli sirTulis, sxvadasxva tipisa da Janris teqs-tebTan muSaoba;

- leqsikuri maragis aqtivobebis integrireba gaazrebis aqtivobebSi;

- weriTi aqtivobebis gamoyeneba teqstis gaazrebis intrumentis saxiT.

ra aris gaazrebis strategia da romeli strategiebi unda vaswavloT imisaTvis, rom moswa-vlem efeqturad SeZlos wakiTxuli teqstebis gageba-gaazreba?

gageba-gaazrebis strategia aris nabijebis gansazRvruli Tanmimdevroba, anu procedu-ra, romelsac kargi mkiTxvelebi miznobrivad da Segnebulad iyeneben teqstidan azris gamosatanad. gagebis strategiebis swavleba exmareba moswavles, Camoyalibdes aqtiur, mizanze orientirebul mkiTxvelad, romelic kiTxvis dros akontrolebs imas, Tu ra da rogor gaigo.

qvemoT mocemulia im ZiriTadi strategiebis nusxa, romlebic teqstis gageba-gaazrebas sagrZnoblad aumjobesebs.

strategia strategiis aRweramkiTxvelis SekiTxvis mag-

aliTebi

winare codnis gaaqti-ureba

mkiTxveli gaixsenebs da gaaaqtiurebs te-qstis sakvanZo Temaze sakuTar codnasa da gamocdilebas, daakavSirebs winare codnas kiTxvis mizanTan an davalebasTan.

ra vici amis Sesaxeb?

sad ra wamikiTxavs an mi-naxavs?

varaudebis gamoTqma

mkiTxveli konteqstis gamoyenebiT warmoid-gens mosalodnel movlenebs. winaswar gan-Wvrets, Tu ra mimarTulebiT ganaviTarebs avtori ambis msvlelobas an sakiTxis ganxil-vas.

ra moxdeba Semdeg?

ras ityvis avtori amis Semdeg?

teqstis struqturis dadgena

mkiTxveli daakvirdeba da amoicnobs teqstis struqturul elementebs da Janrobriv maxa-siaTeblebs.

ra tipis teqstia?

TxrobiTia Tu infor-maciuli? ra nawilebisgan Sedgeba?

kavSirebis damyareba / paralelebis gavleba

mkiTxveli amyarebs sami tipis kavSirebs: wakiTxuli teqsti _ sakuTari gamocdileba, wakiTxuli teqsti _ sxva teqstebi, wakiTxu-li teqsti _ garesamyaro.

rasTan SeiZleba am movle-nis/ideis dakavSireba?

ra paralelebis gavlebaa SesaZlebeli?

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SekiTxvebis dasma

mkiTxveli sakuTar Tavs usvams teqstTan da-kavSirebul SekiTxvebs wakiTxvamde, kiTxvis dros, wakiTxvis Semdeg; SekiTxvebi SeiZle-ba emsaxurebodes faqtobrivi informaciis amoRebas, cnebebis/movlenebis analizs an Sinaarsis kritikulad gaazrebas.

SekiTxvebis dasmiT moswavle daadgens, Tu rogor mimdinareobs wakiTxulis gage-ba-gaazreba.

vin? sad? ra? rodis? ro-gor? ratom? risTvis?

warmosaxva/vizuali-zeba

mkiTxveli warmosaxvaSi acocxlebs, `goneba-Si~ aRiqvams gmirebs, garemoebebs, moqmede-bebs, sagnebs, movlenebs, kavSirebs da a. S.

ras vxedav? rogor ga-moiyureba? ra ferisaa?

Sejameba da ZiriTadi azris gamokveTa

mkiTxveli gamokveTs wakiTxuli monakveTebis ZiriTad azrs da mokled ayalibebs mas sxva/sakuTari sityvebiT. erTmaneTs ukavSirebs sakvanZo ideebs, amoagdebs meorexarisx-ovan informacias da kargad imaxsovrebs wakiTxuls.

romeli informaciaa pirvelxarisxovani?

rogor SemiZleba amis Tqma mokled?

Cawvdoma/mixvedra/daskvnebis gamotana

mkiTxveli miagnebs konteqstur miniSnebebs/gasaRebebs, amoicnobs movlenebis mizezebs da Sedegebs, gamoaqvs daskvnebi teqstSi mocemul faqtebze dayrdnobiT, ganmartavs ucnobi sityvebis mniSvnelobas.

ram gamoiwvia .......... ? ras SeiZleba niSnavdes ........... ?

ras gulisxmobs avtori?

TviTmonitoringi

mkiTxveli cdilobs gageba-gaazrebaSi Seferxebis dafiqsirebas da aRmofxvras. daakvirdeba, Tu ra esmis kargad da ra ara. Tu kargad ver igebs, swrafad SearCevs da gamoiyenebs saWiro strategiebs _ xelaxla wakiTxvas, konteqstze fokusirebas, kiTxvis tempis Secvlas, sityvis mniSvnelobis le-qsikonSi moZiebas da a. S.

romeli adgilia gauge-bari?

ra aris gaugebari?

ra gavakeTo am adgilis gasaazreblad?

gageba-gaazrebis swavlebis saukeTeso gzaa pirdapiri, eqsplicituri swavleba. eqspli-cituri swavleba gulisxmobs, rom maswavlebeli uxsnis moswavleebs, Tu ratom da rodis viyenebT strategiebs, romel strategiebs viyenebT da rogor viyenebT maT. Cveulebriv, eqsplicituri swavleba oTx safexurs moicavs: pirdapiri axsna-ganmarteba, maswavle-blis mier modelis/magaliTebis Cveneba, marTuli praqtika/varjiSi da damoukideblad gamoyeneba.

pirdapiri axsna-ganmarteba maswavlebeli uxsnis moswavleebs, ratom gviwyobs xels mocemuli strategia teqstis gaazrebaSi da rodis gamoviyenoT igi.

modelireba

konkretul teqstTan muSaobis demonstrirebis gziT maswavlebeli uCvenebs moswavleebs, Tu rogor viyenebT mocemul strategias. rogorc wesi, am aqtivobas maswavlebeli `xmamaRla fiqriT~ axorcielebs.

marTuli praqtika/varjiSi maswavlebeli uZRveba da exmareba moswavleebs strategiis dauflebis procesSi, roca isini cdiloben, praqtikulad gamoiyenon igi.

gamoyeneba maswavlebeli waaxalisebs moswavleebs, rodesac isini da mo-ukideblad iyeneben mocemul strategias.

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gageba-gaazrebis strategiebis efeqturad swavleba SeiZleba ganxorcieldes Tanam-SromlobiTi swavliT, rac moswavleebis wyvilebsa da mcire jgufebSi muSaobas gulisx-mobs. am dros jgufis winaSe mdgari amocana zustad da mkafiodaa gansazRvruli. bavS-vebi erTad cdiloben teqstis gagebas, exmarebian erTmaneTs strategiebis gamoyenebaSi. amavdroulad, maswavleblebi ewvevian xolme moswavleTa jgufebs da saWiroebisamebr exmarebian maT ama Tu im davalebis Sesrulebis procesSi. SesaZloa, maswavlebelma kidev erTxel Seaxsenos moswavleTa jgufs, Tu rogor unda gamoiyenon esa Tu is strategia, uCvenos maT praqtikuli magaliTebi, misces miniSnebebi an praqtikuli miTiTebebi.

gaazrebis unar-Cvevebisa da strategiebis nabij-nabij danergvis modeli

zemoT aRwerili unar-Cvevebisa da strategiebis asaTviseblad sasurvelia gamoiyenoT pasuxismgeblobis nabij-nabij gadacemis modeli.

nabiji 1. Tavdapirvelad uCveneT bavSvs, Tu rogor iyenebT samizne unar-Cvevas/strate-gias Tqven TviTon. SearCieT amisTvis Tqveni moswavleebisTvis saintereso wigni. gamoi-yeneT xmamaRla fiqris teqnika.

nabiji 2. gadadiT erTobliv praqtikaze. gamoiyeneT samizne unar-Cveva/strategia erTo-blivad. demonstrirebis procesi Tqven warmarTeT da periodulad CarTeT masSi moswa-vle/moswavleebi.

nabiji 3. CaatareT marTuli praqtikis aqtivobebi. SesTavazeT moswavleebs unar-Cveve-bis/strategiebis gamoyeneba wyvilebsa da mcire jgufebSi. SearCieT amisTvis adekva-turi sirTulis teqstebi/wignebi. miawodeT konstruqciuli ukukavSiri, miniSnebebi da rCevebi.

nabiji 4. mieciT saSualeba moswavles/moswavleebs damoukideblad gamoiyenos samizne unar-Cveva/strategia. mieciT strategiebis gamoyenebis Sedegebze saubris, sakuTari ga-mocdilebis gaziarebisa da STabeWdilebebis gamoxatvis saSualeba.

aucileblad ganixileT klasSi ama Tu im unar-Cvevis/strategiis gamoyenebis dadebiTi da gasaumjobesebeli mxareebi. SeiZleba strategiis modelirebisa da erToblivi gavar-jiSebis xelaxali ciklis Catareba dagWirdeT. mTavaria, rom TandaTanobiT moswavlis mier strategiis bunebrivad, advilad da sruliad damoukideblad gamoyenebas miaRwioT.

sasargebloa gagebis strategiebis klasifikacia imis mixedviT, Tu ra donis azrovnebas moiTxovs isini.

sityvasityviTi gageba-gaazreba

moswavlisgan moiTxovs teqstSi eqspliciturad mocemuli informaciis gaxsenebas, sagnebisa da movlenebis aRwera-daxasiaTebas.

analitikuri gageba (interpretacia)

moswavlisgan moiTxovs SinaarsSi Cawvdomas, mniSvnelovani sakiTxebis Sejamebas, mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSirebis aRmoCenas da daskvnebis gakeTebas.

SefasebiTi gageba-gaazreba (kritikuli refleqsia)

moswavlisgan moiTxovs avtoris naTqvamze siRrmiseul msjelobas, ganzogadebuli mosazrebebis gamoTqmas, mTavar ideaze sakuTari poziciis Camoyalibebas da mis dasabuTebas.

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mniSvnelovania, rom aqac nabij-nabij danergvis midgomas mivmarToT. es exeba rogorc calkeuli teqstis damuSavebas, ise mTlianad kiTxvis swavlebis processac. moswavleeb-ma jer dabali safexuris gagebis strategiebi unda gamoiyenon da eqspliciturad moce-muli informaciis dauflebis Semdeg gadavidnen interpretaciisa da SefasebiTi (kriti-kuli gaazrebis) safexurebze.

`xmamaRla fiqris~ teqnikis gamoyeneba gageba-gaazrebis swavlebisaTvis

gaazrebis strategiebis swavlebisaTvis saukeTeso saSualebaa maswavleblis mier mo-delireba `xmamaRla fiqris~ teqnikis gamoyenebiT. zogadad, fiqri adamianis gonebaSi mimdinare uxilavi procesia. sxva adamianis azrovnebas xeliT ver vexebiT, TvaliT ver vxedavT da yuriT ver vismenT. swored amitom, modelirebis mizniT, maswavleblebi pe-riodulad axmovaneben gaazrebis process da TvalsaCinod uCveneben moswavleebs, Tu rogor azrovneben kargi mkiTxvelebi wakiTxvamde, kiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdeg.

ganvixiloT gaazrebis strategiebis swavlebis mizniT xmamaRla fiqris teqnikis gamoye-nebis nimuSi konkretuli teqstis magaliTze (jani rodaris zRapari troleibusi #75~). es nimuSi gviCvenebs, Tu rogor atarebs maswavlebeli winare codnis gaaqtiurebis, va-raudebis gamoTqmisa da vizualizebis (warmosaxvaSi gacocxlebis) strategiebis modeli-rebis minigakveTils xmamaRla fiqris gamoyenebiT.

minigakveTilis faza

maswavleblis moqmedeba maswavleblis teqsti

minigakveTilis Sesavali

maswavlebeli iRebs wigns da Seamzadebs moswavleebs xmamaR-la fiqris aqtivobisTvis (mini-gakveTilisTvis). is ayalibebs kiTxvis mizans, Semdeg mimoixi-lavs saTaurs, aTvalierebs wignis gverdebs da laparakobs teqstis elementebis Sesaxeb (qvesaTaurebi, gamuqebuli sity-vebi, ilustraciebi). kiTxulobs saTaurs da xmamaRla ambobs, ra icis ukve. ayalibebs varaudebs da svams SekiTxvebs.

kiTxvis dawyebis win sTxovs ba-vSvebs, rom pauzebis dros ar ga-nagrZon teqstis damoukideblad kiTxva, vidre Tavad ar etyvis.

dRes me giCvenebT, Tu rogor kiTxul-obs kargi mkiTxveli. amisaTvis me Cems fiqrebs xmamaRla gamovTqvam. Tqven dainaxavT da gaigonebT, ra xdeba Cems gonebaSi, roca me vkiTxulob. ase rom, dRes Zalian saintereso mogzauroba geliT _ Tqven Cemi fiqrebis samyaroSi imogzaurebT.

maS, ase, daviwyoT. pirvel rigSi, sa-Taurs wavikiTxav da davfiqrdebi _ sa-Tauri xom sakmaod mniSvnelovania. wig-nis saTauria `troleibusi №75~.

(winare codnis gaaqtiureba) ra vici ukve troleibusze? vici, rom is transpor-tia, rom qalaqSi moZraobs, gadaadgil-deba bigelebis meSveobiT, romlebic denis mavTulebzea Cabmuli,

sasurvelia, maswavlebelma te-qstSi personaJebis monacvleo-bis mixedviT cvalos tembri/toni/intonacia/gamometyvele-ba/poza.

bigelebis gareSe adgilidanac ver dai-Zvreba, radgan sawvavze ar muSaobs. ho, kidev isic vici, rom nomrebi aqvs, N 27, 51, 75... es nomrebi imisTvisaa saWiro, rom adamianebi advilad mixvdnen, saiT midis da amis mixedviT Casxdnen Sig. saidan vici? vmjdarvar, Tan sakmaod xSiradac _ pataraobisas babuasTan er-Tad zooparkSi troleibusiT mivdiodi

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xolme, oRond ra nomriT, eg aRar max-sovs... axlac xom visaubreT da kidev raRacebi gavixseneT mis Sesaxeb. aba, vnaxoT raze iqneba moTxroba, romel-sac, cota ar iyos, ucnauri saTauri aqvs. modi, axla pirvel winadadebas wa-vikiTxav.

teqstis wakiTxva xmamaRla fiqriT

maswavlebeli xmamaRla kiTxul-obs pirvel winadadebas. `veras-drosgamoicnobT,ramoxdaerTmSvenier, TiTqosda Cveulebrivdilas!~

maswavlebeli xuravs wigns, Tavs maRla swevs, akeTebs mcire pau-zas da iwyebs saubars.

saubris Semdeg agrZelebs kiTx-vas, kiTxulobs ramdenime mom-devno winadadebas. `trolei-busi #75, romelic saerTodparkidanmoednamdedadis,Cveu-ligziTkiarwavida,gareubnis-ken gadauxvia... jer or wuTsacargaevlo,romimxelatrolei-busma qalaqi ukan moitova datrial mindorze daretianebu-liviTgavarda.~

Semdeg isev Cerdeba da agr-Zelebs laparaks.

(varaudebis gamoTqma) `netav ra unda momxdariyo aseTi ucnauri da araCveu-lebrivi? Tan iseTi, verasdros rom ver gamovicnobT? Cemi azriT, troleibusi aRar daxvda mZRols sadgomze. SeiZle-ba troleibusSi moxda Cxubi mgzavrebs Soris? an, albaT, Sua gzaSi gafuWda.~

(SekiTxvebis dasma) `ki magram, SeiZle-ba, rom troleibusma bigelebis gareSe imoZraos? Tu raRac gansakuTrebuli troleibusi iyo? iqneb mZRoli nasvami iyo da saWe veRar daimorCila? magram dilaadrian sad daTvreboda... iqneb gamouZinebeli iyo da CaeZina saWesTan sawyals...~

(vizualizeba) `aba, erTi wamiT Tvalebi davxuWoT da yvelam warmovidginoT es momenti... maswavlebeli Tavadac xuWa-vs Tvalebs da bavSvebsac imaves sTxovs. axla davinaxe, rogor miqris daretiane-buli troleibusi mindorze, bigelebi caSi aqvs aSverili da SxuiliT Cauqro-lebs xalxs, xeebs... ra sanaxavi iqneboda!..)

minigakveTilis Sejameba

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswa-vleebs isaubron modelirebuli strategiebis Sesaxeb. sTxovs moswavleebs gamoiyenon mode-lirebuli strategiebi marTuli kiTxvisa da damoukidebeli ki-Txvis dros.

ras ityviT, ra dagamaxsovrdaT? rome-li strategiebi gaCveneT? ra mogewo-naT? rogor gamoiyenebT Cem mier naCve-neb strategiebs kiTxvis dros?

axla gTxovT, Tqven gaagrZeloT te-qstis wakiTxva da gamoiyenoT Cem mier modelirebuli strategiebi.

cxrilSi warmodgenili minigakveTilis mizania konkretuli strategiebis anda ramdenime strategiis kombinaciis modelireba marTul praqtikaze gadasvlamde. umjobesia, Tu Tavdapirvelad TiTo aseTi minigakveTili erTi konkretuli strategiis swavlebaze iq-neba koncentrirebuli. Tumca, aranakleb mniSvnelvania, rom TandaTanobiT moswavleeb-ma strategiebis kombinirebulad gamoyenebaSic ivarjiSon. sasurvelia, xmamaRla fiqris minigakveTilebi sul ramdenime wuTis ganmavlobaSi gagrZeldes. strategiis swavlebis pirvel etapze mawavlebeli aseT minigakveTilebs mTeli klasisTvis atarebs. marTuli praqtikis dros ki maswavlebelma SeiZleba xmamaRla fiqri gamoiyenos moswavleTa jgu-fis/ wyvilis daxmarebis mizniT.1

1 qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebelma xmamaRla fiqris meTodiT muSaobis dros unda gai-Tvaliswinos moswavleTa SesaZleblobebi da uxvad unda mimarTos ilustrirebisa da mimika-Jestiku-laciis gamoyenebis strategiebs. cxadia, maswavlebels SerCeuli unda hqondes adekvaturi sirTulis saintereso da `advilad safiqrali~ teqsti.

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SekiTxvebis dasma da pasuxebis Zieba, rogorc gageba-gaazrebis mTavari strategia

teqstis gageba-gaazrebisaTvis kargi mkiTxvelebi sakuTar Tavs usvamen SekiTxvebs waki-Txvamde, kiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdeg. es SekiTxvebi saSualebas aZlevs mkiTxvels, Tvalyuri adevnos teqstis Sinaarss, struqturas da enobriv maxasiaTeblebs. SekiTxvebi sxvadasxva mizniT daismis. maTi mTavari daniSnulebaa imis gageba, Tu ras ambobs avtori da rogor ayalibebs igi saTqmels. zogjer kargi mkiTxvelebi avtors usvamen SekiTxvebs.

teqstis wakiTxvamde

mniSvnelovania, rom gavaa-qtiuro winare codna am konkretuli Temis, aseve, teqstis struqturis gar-Semo; gamovkveTo teqst-Tan dakavSirebuli molo-dinebi.

kiTxvis dros

mniSvnelovania, yuradReba mivaqcio, ramdenad kargad viazreb wakiTxuls. Tu saTanadod ver viazreb, ar unda avCqarde. ajobebs, rom SevCerde, mo-viSvelio kiTxvis strategiebi, kar-gad gaviazro teqsti da mxolod amis Semdeg ganvagrZo kiTxva.

wakiTxvis Semdeg

mniSvnelovania, rom waki-Txuls gamovexmauro; da-vakavSiro misi Sinaarsi sxva teqstebTan da ideebTan; gaviRrmavo sakiTxis cod-na, gavaanalizo da Sevafaso gadmocemuli ideebi; Seva-faso teqstis gaazrebis xa-risxi.

- ra mizniT vapireb am teqstis wakiTxvas? raSi damexmareba es teqsti?

- ras meubneba saTauri da avtoris vinaoba? ras meubneba sarCevi, suraTebi, gamokveTi-li sityvebi?

- romeli tipis nawar-moebia: mxatvruli, sainformacio? rogor mivxvdi?

- ra informacia maqvs ukve am Temaze? ra maxsendeba? ra aso-ciaciebi miCndeba?

- ra molodini maqvs, ra informacias mivi-Reb am teqstidan? ra SekiTxvebze gamcems pasuxs es teqsti?

- raze damafiqra teqstis dasawyi-sis wakiTxvam? ram damainteresa?

- ra azrebi gamomaqvs wakiTxuli abzacidan/monakveTidan? Semi-Zlia Sevajamo abzacis Sinaarsi?

- rogor SemiZlia mokled gadmov-ce am monakveTis/abzacis mTava-ri azri?

- ra damexmareba ucnobi sityvis mniSvnelobis gagebaSi?

- SemiZlia Seajamo is, rac ukve wavikiTxe?

- romelia yvelaze mniSvnelovani azrebi?

- ra axali faqtebi aRmovaCine?

- ra varaudebi miCndeba? ra mox-deba Semdeg?

- xom ar mWirdeba abzacis/mo-nakveTis xelaxla wakiTxva misi Sinaarsis gasaazreblad?

- xom ar mWirdeba kiTxvis Senele-ba misi Sinaarsis gasaazreblad?

- ramdenad gaeca pasuxi wakiTxvamde da kiTxvis dros dasmul SekiTx-vebs?

- ramdenad gamarTlda wakiTxvamde da kiTxvis dros Camoyalibebuli varaudebi?

- ra iyo am teqstis mTa-vari idea da ZiriTadi saTqmeli? ra zogadi daskvnebis gamotana SeiZleba?

- ra mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSirebi da kanon-zomierebebi damanaxa teqstma?

- ra teqstebs da ideebs davukavSire am teqstis Sinaarsi?

- raze vfiqrob da raze msjelobis survili maqvs teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg?

- ratom dawera avtor-ma es nawarmoebi?

- teqstis romeli detalebis war-mosaxvaSi gacocxleba damexmare-ba imisaTvis, rom ukeTesad ga-viazro es teqsti?

- xom ar Semxvda iseTi ucnobi si-tyva, romlis mniSvnelobis cod-na saWiroa teqstis mTavari azris gasagebad? xom ar mWirdeba SeCe-reba da ucnobi sityvis mniSvne-lobis gasagebad leqsikonis an sxva wyaroebis gamoyeneba?

- rogor gadmosca avtor-ma saTqmeli? ra xerxebi gamoiyena?

- ra aris am teqstis zoga-di Tema?

- vurCevdi sxvebs am teqs-tis wakiTxvas? ratom?

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ZiriTadi rCevebi moswavleTa gageba-gaazrebis unaris gansaviTareblad

1. dausaxeT wakiTxvis mizani. konkretulad gansazRvreT, Tu ra mizniT unda waikiTxon bavSvebma teqsti: informaciis mosaZieblad, sakiTxis Sesajameblad, SekiTxvebze pasu-xis gasacemad, klaselebisTvis mosayolad, dRiurSi Canawerebis gasakeTeblad, ilus-traciis gasaferadeblad da sxv. gacnobierebuli mizani dadebiT gavlenas axdens ada-mianis moqmedebebze da Seswavlili informaciis damaxsovrebasac uwyobs xels.

gaakeTeT modelireba. esaubreT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ratom vkiTxulobT sxvadasxva dros sxvadasxva teqstebs. Semdeg sTxoveT, TviTonac gaakeTon gonebrivi ieriSi. mkafiod daanaxeT, rom kiTxvis mizani mxolod saSinao davalebis Sesruleba an testis Cabareba ar aris. waukiTxeT sami gansxvavebuli tipis teqsti (mag., anekdo-ti gazeTidan, saqmiani eleqtronuli werili da sakvebi produqtis Semadgenloba SefuTvaze). esaubreT, ra mizniT kiTxulobT TiToeul SemTxvevaSi da ra gansxva-vebebs iwvevs isini kiTxvis procesSi.

2. SearCieT Sesaferisi teqstebi. gageba-gaazrebisTvis SearCieT moswavlis kiTxvis donis Sesaferisi teqstebi. pirvel rigSi, mniSvnelovania, rom erTmaneTisgan ga-vmijnoT teqstebis/wignebis ori kategoria: 1) teqstebi, romliTac kiTxvas vswa-vlobT, 2) teqstebi, romelTa kiTxviTac sxvadasxva sakiTxebs vswavlobT. roca kiTxvis unaris dasauflebel teqsts (1) varCevT, aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswi-noT moswavlis kiTxvis done. teqsti bavSvisTvis arc Zalian rTuli unda iyos da arc Zalian martivi. yuradReba miaqcieT teqstis sirTulis ZiriTad parametrebs. scadeT iseTi teqstebis SerCeva, romlebSic Znelad dekodirebadi sityvebis rao-denoba ar aRemateba 10%-s, xolo ucnobi sityvebis raodenoba _ 5%-s.

aswavleT bavSvebs teqstebis SerCeva. damoukidebeli kiTxvis blokisaTvis mniSvne-lovania, rom bavSvebma Tavadve SeZlon Sesaferisi teqstebis migneba. amisaTvis gauvarjiSeT xuTi TiTis teqnika (ix. Tavi IV, gawafuli/gamarTuli kiTxva). teqs-tebis SerCevisas gamoiyeneT Semdegi kriteriumebi: Tematika, teqstis moculo-ba, teqstis struqtura da elementebi (sarCevi, Tavebi da qveTavebi, sityvebis saZiebeli da sxv.), Janri, enobrivi maxasiaTeblebi (leqsikuri arsenali, ucxo sityvebis raodenoba, winadadebebis sigrZe, gramatikuli konstruqciebi), dizaini da gaformeba (mdidari ilustraciebi, suraTebi da sqemebi, Sriftis zoma, TiTo gverdze sityvebis raodenoba).

3. gamoiyeneT xmamaRla fiqri. fiqris gaxmovanebisa da ilustrirebis meTodi did daxmarebas uwevs patara mkiTxvelebs. am dros bavSvebi TvalsaCinod xedaven~, Tu rogor mimdinareobs gageba-gaazrebis procesi da demonstrirebul moqmedebebs TviTonac iyeneben damoukidebeli kiTxvisas.

4. dasviT `ratom?~ SekiTxvebi. mkiTxveli teqstSi mocemul informacias akavSirebs sxva informaciasTan da sabolood azrebis integrirebiT qmnis axal mniSvnelo-bas. sasurvelia maswavlebelma winaswar SearCios teqstSi sagangebo adgilebi (mag. yoveli abzacis an qveTavis bolo) da dausvas moswavleebs `ratom?~ SekiTx-vebi. es ubiZgebs maT teqstis Rrmad gaazrebisa da nayofieri swavlisken. aseve sasargebloa, Tu moswavleebi Tavadac dasvamen `ratom~ SekiTxvebs.

5. aswavleT teqstis tipebi da struqtura. sasurvelia moswavleebma rac SeiZleba adre daiwyon teqstis tipuri struqturebis cnoba da erTmaneTisgan garCeva. gaacnobieron, rom weris dros avtorebi sxvadasxvagvarad aorganizeben informa-cias. magaliTad, sainformacio teqsti SeiZleba aigos aRweris, Tanmimdevrobis,

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mizez-Sedegobriobis, msgavseba-gansxvavebisa da problemis gadaWris struqtu-ruli qargis mixedviT. kargi mkiTxvelebi teqstis tipisa da struqturis dasa-dgenad iyeneben Tvalis gadavlebisa da skanirebis teqnikas, gasaReb sityvebs, grafikul sqemebs, dizainis elementebs. teqstis struqturas bavSvebi yvelaze ukeT iTviseben eqsplicituri axsna-ganmartebis, TvalsaCinod modelirebisa da marTuli praqtikis gziT. aseve sasargebloa iseTi savarjiSoebi, rogoricaa wera ama Tu im struqturuli qargis mixedviT, erTi struqturis teqstis gadawera sxva struqturis saxiT, struqturasTan dakavSirebuli grafikuli sqemebis ga-moyeneba da sxva.

6. gaumdidreT moswavleebs leqsikuri maragi. gageba-gaazrebis umTavresi sayrdeni leqsikuri maragia. maswavlebeli gamudmebiT unda muSaobdes moswavleTa leqsi-kuri maragis gamdidrebisTvis, iyenebdes mravalferovan meTodebs, savarjiSoeb-sa da grafikul sqemebs.

7. daakavSireT kiTxva werasTan. kargi mkiTxvelebi kiTxvis dros xSirad fanqriT an kalmiT muSaoben. isini akeTeben moniSvnebs, CaniSvnebs, amonawerebsa da Canawerebs, rac wakiTxulis gageba-gaazrebaSi exmarebaT. tradiciuli an onlain Canawerebi kargi saSualebaa refleqsiis, sakuTari azris gaziarebisa da wakiTxulis ukeT damaxsovrebisTvis. aseTi `Canawerebi~ mdidari resursia formalizebuli weriTi davalebebis SesrulebisTvis mosamzadebladac (mag. Txzulebis an eseis dawera).

8. xSirad gamarTeT diskusiebi, asaubreT moswavleebi wakiTxulis Sesaxeb. wakiTxulis Sesaxeb saubari teqstis gaazrebis erT-erTi saukeTeso gzaa.1 saubris dros Se-saZlebloba gveZleva, davsvaT SekiTxvebi, sakuTari sityvebiT gadmovceT waki-Txuli teqstis Sinaarsi, movisminoT gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebi, gamovxatoT emociebi, aRmovaCinoT axali detalebi, gavcvaloT argumentebi da a.S. am unare-bis CamoyalibebisTvis zrunva dawyebiT safexurzevea saWiro.

9. miaCvieT moswavleebi gageba-gaazrebis monitorings. mniSvnelovania, rom moswa-vleebi mieCvion gaazrebis procesSi Seferxebis dafiqsirebas da Sesaferisi stra-tegiebis SerCevas misi aRmofxvris mizniT. amisaTvis sasargebloa, rom moswavlem SeZlos wakiTxvamde miznis gansazRvra, teqstis mimoxilva, wakiTxvis tempis Ser-Ceva. wakiTxvis Semdeg unda gadaamowmos, ra gaigo kargad da ra ver gaigo. gage-ba-gaazrebis monitoringisTvis saWiroa: konkretulad identificireba, Tu sad gaCnda gaazrebis problema, problemis dadgena, rTuli an gaugebari winadadebis (monakveTis) xelaxla Camoyalibeba sakuTari sityvebiT, teqstTan ukan mibruneba, teqstis momdevno nawilebis gadaxedva da iseTi informaciis amoReba, romelic SeiZleba daexmaros am nawilis gagebaSi.

10. aswavleT moswavleebs vizualuri sqemebis /grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyene-ba. grafikuli sqemebi exmareba moswavles axali informaciis struqturirebaSi, arsebul da axal informaciebs Soris mimarTebebis analizSi, gaazrebis Tvalsa-Cinod demonstrirebaSi, werilobiTi namuSevris momzadebaSi. sqemebis gamoyeneba sasargebloa gakveTilis yvela etapze, rogorc wakiTxvamde, aseve wakiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdgom.

arsebobs sxvadasxva daniSnulebisa da dizainis grafikuli sqemebi (ix. danarTi). grafikul sqemebs viyenebT cnebebisa da maT Soris kavSirebis gasaazreblad, te-

1 moswavlis mier movlenebis aRwera, ambebis moyola, mosmenilis an nanaxis zepirad gadmocema, diskusiebSi CarTva did rols asrulebs rogorc zepirmetyvelebis, ise gageba-gaazrebis unarebis ganviTarebaSi.

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qstis struqturis dasadgenad, personaJebis dasaxaliaTeblad, ZiriTadi azris gamosakveTad da sxv. sqemebis gamoyeneba da masze varjiSi imitomacaa kargi, rom TandaTanobiT isini mkiTxvelis gonebaSi gadainacvlebs da kiTxvis procesSi av-tomatizebuli saxiT amoqmeddeba.

11. daakvirdiT, Tvalyuri adevneT da SeafaseT. moswavleebs gauwieT mudmivi monito-ringi, moagroveT informacia da mieciT saWiro ukukavSiri. gamoiyeneT dakvir-vebis sxvadasxva instrumenti _ dakvirvebis furclebi, rubrikebi, maswavleblis swrafi/morbenali Canawerebi da sxv.


gageba-gaazrebis strategiebze muSaoba aucilebelia daviwyoT pirvelive klasidan, ki-Txvis swavlebis pirvelive etapidan. SesaZlebelia Tu ara amis miRweva qarTulis, ro-gorc meore enis swavlebis SemTxvevaSi?

moswavle, romelmac sityvac ki ar icis samizne enaze, pirvel klasSi ukve azrovnebs, fiqrobs, aqvs sakmao codna da informacia garemomcveli samyaros Sesaxeb, aqvs sakuTa-ri warmosaxva, ocnebebi, mousmenia da icis sxvadasxva ambavi, uyurebia uamravi mult-filmisa Tu filmisTvis. Sesabamisad, aseT moswavles Znelia SeuzRudo gakveTilze (maT Soris, meore/ucxouri enis gakveTilze) fiqrisa da azrovnebis unari. warmatebulia is pedagogi, romelic saazrovno procesebis warmarTviTa da gageba-gaazrebis strate-giebis gavarjiSebiT moaxerxebs moswavleebisTvis kiTxvis yvela komponentis swavlebas (wignTan muSaobis sawyisi unar-Cvevebi, fonologiuri unar-Cvevebi, anbanisa da sityvebis wakiTxvis swavleba, leqsikuri maragi, gawafuli kiTxva).

sasurvelia kiTxvis TiToeuli komponentis swavleba mimdinareobdes gamTlianebul, av-Tentur konteqstSi.

magaliTad:

• wignTan muSaobis sawyisi unar-Cvevebis swavlebisas moswavleebs unda SevTavazoT didi wignebi, vesaubroT maTze, wavukiTxoT isini. magaliTad, didi wigni `wiTe-lquda~. es zRapari yvela bavSvisTvis cnobilia mSobliur enaze. misi Sinaarso-brivi da struqturuli dawurva, ilustrireba da didi wignis formatSi moqceva sruliad xelmisawvdoms gaxdis mas meore/ucxouri enis Semswavleli bavSvebis-Tvisac (sulac ar aris aucilebeli, rom yvela sityva da gramatikuli konstruq-cia pirvelive wakiTxvaze gasagebi iyos meore enis SemswavlelisTvis. gavixsenoT, rom am SemTxvevaSi CvenTvis prioritetuli sxva miznebia, kerZod, wignTan muSao-bis sawyisi unarebis gamomuSaveba.). erTi dRis ganmavlobaSi teqstis ramdenjerme wakiTxva, saubari, meore da Semdgom dReebSi masTan periodulad mibruneba am teqsts nacnobsa da sayvarels gaxdis moswavleebisTvis.

• fonologiuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebac paralelurad unda mimdinareobdes. magaliTad, rodesac vkiTxulobT did wigns `wiTelquda~, moswavleebs Sevasru-lebinoT fonologiuri savarjiSoebi im sityvebze, romlebic gvxdeba teqstSi: `wiTelquda~, `mgeli~, `bebia~, `deda~, `monadire~, `saxli~ da a.S.

danarCeni komponentebic, cxadia, swored gageba-gaazrebaze dafuZnebuli aqtivobebiT unda ganviTardes.

225

gageba-gaazrebis strategiebis swavlebisas maswavleblis metyveleba ar unda gadai-tvirTos arc ucnobi leqsikuri erTeulebiT, arc vrceli da rTuli sintaqsuri kons-truqciebiT. Tumca, es imas ar niSnavs, rom maswavlebelma pirvelklasel moswavleebs ar unda dausvas `ratom~ tipis SekiTxvebi, imis SiSiT, rom isini leqsikuri maragis simwiris gamo ver moaxerxeben am SekiTxvaze srulfasovani pasuxis gacemas. zogierT, gamonaklis SemTxvevaSi mowavles saSualeba unda mieces mSobliur enazec gamoTqvas sakuTari mosazrebebi, fiqrebi, azrebi. ar aqvs mniSvneloba, maswavlebels esmis Tu ara moswavlis mSobliuri ena.

unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom saqarTveloSi iseTi araqarTulenovani skolebi/seqtorebi-caa, sadac moswavleebma qarTuli ena garkveul doneze ukve ician skolaSi Sesvlamde. Sesabamisad, am skolebSi/seqtorebze qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebels ar gauWirdeba arc erTi qvemoT SemoTavazebuli aqtivobis Catareba. Tu aqtivobis Catare-ba ver moxerxdeba moswavleTa mwiri leqsikuri maragis an/da maTive arasakmarisi sxva enobrivi kompetenciebis gamo, gamoiyeneT iseTi midgomebi, romelTa Sesaxebac wina Ta-vebSic iyo saubari. kerZod:

• gaamartiveT meTodi, magaliTad, amoiReT/SecvaleT zogierTi safexuri/nawili;

• mimarTeT mkafio da xSir modelirebas;

• SeZlebisdagvarad gantvirTeT aqtivoba da teqsti ucnobi leqsikuri erTeule-bisgan, rTuli enobrivi konstruqciebisgan;

• ganaxorcieleT aqtivoba danawevrebulad _ erTi nawili erT gakveTilze, meore _ Semdeg gakveTilze;

• aqtivobis romelime nawilSi mieciT moswavleebs saSualeba gamoiyenon mSobliu-ri ena;

• aqtivobis idea da Sinaarsi gauziareT mSobliuri/ucxouri enis maswavlebels, raTa manac gamoiyenos esa Tu is meTodi.

• gadadeT iseTi meTodis gamoyeneba, romelic zedmet, araadekvatur drosa da energias waiRebs Tqvengan, misi efeqturoba ki umniSvnelo iqneba.

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eba-

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gageba-gaazrebis swavlebis meTodebi/aqtivobebi

klasteruli/gonebrivi ruka


`klasteruli ruka~ aris sqema, romelic gvexmareba informaciis TvalsaCinod organize-baSi. Sesabamisad, misi Seqmna xels uwyobs informaciis ukeT gaazrebasa da damaxsovre-bas. `klasteruli rukis~ Seqmnisas cnebis maxasiaTeblebi jgufdeba sxvadasxva katego-riaSi da ganawildeba sqemaSi.


• mravali kuTxiT gaizreben cnebas (sityvas) da masTan dakavSirebul sxva cne-bebs;

• swavloben teqstSi mocemuli informaciis TvalsaCinod organizebas;

• Seajereben Zvel da axal codnas da asworeben Secdomebs (mcdar warmodge-nebs).

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, mTeli klasi

resursi: dafa, carci/markeri, furceli.

msvleloba

I etapi (teqstis wakiTxvamde)

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTxovs, sami wuTis ganmavlobaSi individualurad Ca-moweron sul mcire, sami ram, rac ician miTiTebul cnebaze (magaliTad, cxenTe-vzaze);

• sami wuTis Semdeg maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, TavianTi CamonaTvali gauziaron mewyviles da Seajeron sakuTari naazrevi;

• maswavlebeli TiToeuli wyvilis pasuxebs Tavad wers dafaze an didi zomis fur-celze.

SeniSvna: maswavlebelma yvela mosazreba unda daafiqsiros – marTebulic da mcdaric (moswavleebi gakveTilis momdevno etapze, teqstze muSaobis dros, daazusteben am mo-sazrebaTa marTebuloba-mcdarobas). Tu klasSi bevri moswavlea, SesaZlebelia, maswa-vlebelma TiToeul wyvils mxolod TiTo pasuxis gaziareba sTxovos. Tu sxvadasxva wyvils erTi da igive pasuxi aRmoaCnda, maTi cal-calke CaniSvna ar aris saWiro.

• maxasiaTebelTa/TvisebaTa dafaze Camoweris Semdeg moswavleebi iwyeben iseT ma-xasiaTebelTa/TvisebaTa SerCevas, romlebic raRac niSniT erT jgufSi/katego-riaSi SeiZleba gaerTiandes (mag., mwvane, patara, aqvs qercli _ es Tvisebebi gaer-Tiandeba kategoriaSi `garegnoba~). ase Seiqmneba maxasiaTebelTa ramdenime sveti TavianTi dasaTaurebiT (svetebis saTaurebi SeiZleba iyos: `sabinadro adgili~, `kveba~, `gamravleba~ da sxv.).

227

garegnoba kveba ... ... ...

cxenTevza

maxasiaTebelTa svetebad Camoweris Semdeg maswavlebeli iwyebs `klasteruli rukis~ Seqmnas dafaze an didformatian qaRaldze. `klasteruli rukis~ SuaSi, wreSi, iwereba is cneba, romelzec ivseba sqema, xolo masTan xazebiT dakavSirebul wreebSi – jgufis saxelebi (kategoriebi) konkretul maxasiaTeblebTan erTad. (nimuSi ix. qvemoT)

• dafaze Seqmnil klasterul rukas~ moswavleebi TavianT rveulebSi gadaixazaven.

II etapi (teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg)

• teqstze muSaobis Semdeg moswavleebi Caasworeben an Caamateben informacias pirvelad Seqmnil rukaSi.

• ganaxlebuli CamonaTvalis gaTvaliswinebiT bavSvebi Seasworeben (daamateben an moakleben maxasiaTeblebs) svetebsac.

bolos isini miubrundebian sakuTar rveulebSi gadatanil `klasterul rukas~ da daas-ruleben mis Sevsebas.

Sevsebuli nimuSi

saarsebo garemo

okeanedacuravs napirTan

garegnoba

mwvaneqerclipatara

cxenTevza

kveba

mcenareebi

228

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pirveli striqonebi


pirveli striqonebi aris gageba-gaazrebis strategia, romelsac wakiTxvamde viyenebT. moswavleebi waikiTxaven wignis/teqstis pirvel ramodenime striqons da amis Semdeg ga-moTqvamen varudebs misi Sinaarsis Sesaxeb. es SeiZleba iyos moTxroba, leqsi, statia da sxv. teqstis damuSavebis Semdeg moswaavleebi gamarTaven diskusias da gadaxedaven Tavdapirvel varaudebs. meTodis gamoyeneba exmareba moswavleebs:

• varaudebis gamoTqmis strategiis gamoyenebaSi;

• teqstis Sinaarsze fokusirebaSi.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, mcire jgufebi, mTeli klasi

resursi: winaswar SerCeuli teqsti

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli warudgens moswavleebs wasakiTx teqsts/wigns; sTxovs maT, rom waikiTxon am teqstis mxolod pirveli winadadeba/striqoni (an ramdenime striqoni). Tu maswavlebeli xmamaRla wakiTxvas gegmavs, waukiTxavs maT mxolod pirvel striqons;

• moswavleebi gamoTqvamen varaudebs wasakiTxi teqstis Sinaarsis Sesaxeb mxolod pirvel winadadebaze/striqonze dayrdnobiT;

• maswavlebeli warmarTavs diskusias gamoTqmuli varaudebis garSemo; SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma dafaze Camoweros ramdenime Sejerebuli varianti;

• teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg moswavleebi miubrundebian Tavdapirvel varaudebs da imsjeleben, Tu ramdenad gamarTlda isini. amasTan, moiSvelieben konkretul detalebs teqstidan.

SeniSvna: am meTodis gamoyeneba sasargeblo iqneba werasTan integrirebis mizniTac. ra-sakvirvelia, am SemTxvevaSi aqcenti ar unda gakeTdes moswavleTa nawerebSi Secdomebis aRmoCenasa da maT gasworebaze. es ukanaskneli SeniSvna gansakuTrebiT unda gaiTva-liswinon meore/ucxouri enis maswavleblebma.

molodinebis gzamkvlevi


aqtivoba `molodinebis gzamkvlevi~ erT-erTi saukeTeso saSualebaa Sesaswavli Temis/teqstis mimarT moswavleTa interesis gasaRviveblad. moswavleebi msjeloben maswavle-blis mier SeTavazebuli Tezisebis marTebulobis Sesaxeb.

aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs:

• uviTardebaT argumentirebuli msjelobis unari;

• uviTardebaT mosazrebis Camoyalibebis unari;

• uCndebaT/uZlierdebaT interesi Sesaswavli Temis mimarT.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, mTeli klasi

229

resursi: dafa/didi formati, carci/markeri.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dafaze Camowers 2-3 winadadebas/Teziss Sesaswavli sakiTxis Sesaxeb1, romlebzec calsaxa poziciis qona advili ar aris da sTxovs moswavleebs daeTanxmon an uaryon mocemuli mosazrebebi;

• moswavleebi gamoTqvamen sakuTar Sexedulebebs da msjeloben/kamaToben mocemuli Tezisebis Sesaxeb;

• maswavlebeli sTxovs bavSvebs, waikiTxon teqsti da moiZion informacia TezisebSi wamoWril sakiTxze;

• teqstis damuSavebis Semdeg moswavleebi miubrundebian dafaze Camoweril winadadebebs/Tezisebs da Seajameben miRebul informacias.

magaliTi

vTqvaT, Sesaswavli gvaqvs sainformacio teqsti kosmosis Sesaxeb. maswavlebeli teqstis wakiTxvamde sTavazobs moswavleebs or Teziss:

1. dedamiwis garda kosmosSi arsad ar aris sicocxle.

a) diax b) ara

2. mze aris erT-erTi patara varskvlavi.

a) diax b) ara

sagazeTo statiis saTauri


am meTodis gamoyenebisas moswavleebi moifiqreben saTaurs warmosaxviTi sagazeTo sta-tiisaTvis.


• aCvevs konkretul TemasTan dakavSirebuli sityvebis, azrebis mobilizebas;

• uaqtiurebs ama Tu im Seswavlili Temis/sakiTxis codnas;

• aswavlis Temis/sakiTxis da saTauris gaazrebas erTmaneTTan kavSirSi;

• uviTarebs SemoqmedebiT unarebs.

muSaobis forma: mcire jgufebi, wyvilebi

resursi: furceli, kalami, dafa, carci an markeri.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli TviTon (an moswavleebTan erTad) SearCevs ukve gavlili Temebidan erT-erTs;

• moswavleebi moifiqreben saTaurs warmosaxviTi sagazeTo statiisaTvis (SerCeul Temaze). saTauri unda asaxavdes statiaSi ganxiluli ambis, movlenis mTavar azrs;

1 aucilebeli araa, rom Tezisi eTanxmebodes teqstSi mocemul mosazrebas. mTavaria, rom teqsti daexmaros mkiTxvels sakiTxis gaazrebasa da sakuTari mosazrebis dazustebaSi.

230

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• moswavleebi waradgenen warmosaxviTi sagazeTo statiis saTaurs da statiis mokle sqematur Sinaarss werilobiT, ori-sami winadadebiT;

• sagangebo Jiuri gamoavlens yvelaze Sesaferis saTaurs SerCeul Temaze Seqmnili sagazeTo statiisaTvis.

• SesaZlebelia, moswavleebs davalebad mieceT statiis dawera ukve mofiqrebuli saTaurebiT. es statiebi SeiZleba ganTavsdes kedlis gazeTSi, romelsac saerTo Tematuri saTauri eqneba.

SeniSvna: Tavdapirvelad, sanam moswavleebi gaiwafebian, umjobesi iqneba, maswavlebelma nimuSis saxiT TviTon misces moswavleebs mza saTauri SerCeul Temaze. Semdeg, roca nimuSebi eqnebaT, moswavleebs ufro gauadvildebaT saTaurebis SerCeva da, zogadad, am aqtivobis ganxorcieleba.

magaliTi

vTqvaT, SeirCa Tema `adamiani da buneba~.

moswavleebma moifiqres saTaurebi: 1. `ganadgurebuli tye-parki~; 2. `gawbilebuli bavS-vebi~; 3. `vuSveloT naZvis xeebs~.

moswavleebi waradgenen TavianT mofiqrebul saTaurebs statiis mokle sqematur Si-naarsTan erTad:

• `ganadgurebuli tye-parki~ an `gawbilebuli bavSvebi~ – statiaSi moTxrobili iqneba, erT-erTma samSeneblo kompaniam korpusebis asaSeneblad rogor gaanadgura mSvenieri tye-parki, sadac bavSvebi TamaSobdnen xolme.

• `vuSveloT naZvis xeebs~ – statiaSi saubari iqneba, Tu rogor daundoblad Wrian adamianebi axali wlisTvis norC naZvebs.

marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba


marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba – esaa mcire, moqnil, erTgvarovan/homogenur jgufebSi mu-Saobis meTodi. igi miznad isaxavs teqstis wakiTxvas da kiTxvis konkretuli unarebis ganviTarebas. aqtivoba saSualebas aZlevs maswavlebels, gaaanalizos da gaiTvaliswinos TiToeuli moswavlis saWiroebebi, xolo moswavleebs exmareba, nabij-nabij ganiviTaron kiTxvis is unarebi (magaliTad, gamoimuSavon sityvis dekodirebis an gageba-gaazrebis strategiebi), romlebSic ufro metad sWirdebaT gawafva.

jgufebis Semadgenloba ucvleli ar aris – ramdenime kviris Semdeg moswavle SeiZleba gadavides erTi jgufidan meoreSi, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tu ra dones miaRwia kiTxvaSi an ra interesebi da saWiroebebi aqvs. Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom moswavle moxvdes iseT jgufSi, romelSic mas kiTxvaSi warmatebis miRwevis maqsimaluri SesaZlebloba miecema. marTuli kiTxvis aqtivoba ar unda gagrZeldes 25 wuTze didxans.

aqtivobis sayrdeni principebi:

• moswavleebis dajgufeba saWiroebebis, unarebis, interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT;

• TiToeuli jgufisTvis Sesaferisi sirTulis teqstisa da davalebebis SerCeva.

• saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi jgufebisTvis miznobrivi daxmarebis gaweva.

231

muSaobis forma: erTgvarovani jgufebi

resursi: teqsti (an teqstebi) moswavleTa kiTxvis donis, saWiroebebis an interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT; furceli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli ajgufebs moswavleebs kiTxvaSi mzaobis an saWiroebebis gaTvaliswinebiT (mag., kiTxvaSi gawafulebi, kiTxvaSi xarvezebis mqoneni da gauwafavi mkiTxvelebi);

• winaswar SearCevs teqsts jgufebisTvis. mniSvnelovania, rom TiToeuli jgufisTvis SeirCes adekvaturi sirTulis teqsti;

• maswavlebeli SerCeul teqsts (an teqstebs) warudgens jgufebs, dausaxavs kiTxvis mizans da aZlevs Sesabamis davalebebs;

SeniSvna: saWiroebisamebr, maswavlebelma SeiZleba Caataros samizne unaris/stra-tegiis modelirebisa da erToblivad gavarjiSebis mini-sesia.

• moswavleebi jgufebSi damoukideblad kiTxuloben mTlian teqsts an mis garkveul nawils miTiTebuli/modelirebuli strategiis gamoyenebiT. kiTxvis procesSi (an davalebebis Sesrulebisas) moswavleebi maswavleblisgan iTxoven daxmarebas wamoWrili problemebis gadaWris mizniT.

• maswavlebeli akvirdeba jgufebSi moswavleTa muSaobis process, maT mier kiTxvis strategiebis gamoyenebas, davalebebis Sesrulebis mcdelobas da calkeul moswavles an jgufs exmareba problemis gadaWraSi;

• jgufebi asruleben teqstTan dakavSirebul gansxvavebuli sirTulis davalebebs.

SeniSvna: marTuli kiTxvis aqtivobis Catarebisas gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania moswa-vleTa kiTxvis donis Sesaferisi teqstebis SerCeva.

teqstis SerCevisas gasaTvaliswinebeli kriteriumebi:

o Sinaarsi Seesabameba jgufSi gaerTianebul moswavleTa winare codna-gamocdi-lebas;

o Tematurad sainteresoa; Znelad wasakiTxi (dekodirebis TvalsazrisiT) sityve-bis raodenoba ar aRemateba 10%-s;

o ucnobi sityvebis raodenoba ar aRemateba 5%-s.

232

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, ga

moTqv

amen

va

rau

deb

s;

•sv

amen

Sek

iTxv

ebs;

•ak

virdeb

ian

teq

stis

el

emen

teb

s;

cdil

obe

n mo

iZio

n da

`moim

arag

on~

Si

naar

sobr

ivi, l

eqsi

kuri

da

vizual

uri

gasa

Reb

ebi;

•ak

eTeb

en g

arkv

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Can

iSvn

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masw

avl

ebl

is g

anma

rteb

ebis

a da

miTiT

ebeb

is s

afuZv

elze.

•dam

ouki

deb

lad

ki

Txu

lobe

n mT

lia

n teq

sts

an m

is g

arkv

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na

wil

s (Cuma

d a

n xm

amaR

la);

•ki

Txv

is p

roces

Si /

dav

aleb

is S

esrul

ebis

as

wamo

Wril

i pr

obl

emis

ga

daW

ris

miz

niT

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as.

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n teq

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, ga

moaq

vT m

niSv

nel

ova

ni d

askv

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;

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var

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s da

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dam

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ul

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ul

i codni

s ga

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ad

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adas

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tip

is

aqtiv

obe

bSi;

•aR

weren

da

afas

eben

gam

oye

nebu

l

strat

egie

bs.

233

personaJis ruka


mxatvruli teqstis gageba-gaazrebisTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania personaJis rukis Seqmna. igi xels uwyobs:

• teqstSi personaJis Sesaxeb yvela informaciis moZebnas, gaazrebasa da daskvnebis gamotanas;

• argumentirebis unaris ganviTarebas teqstidan saTanado adgilebis moSveliebiT;

• personaJis mimarT damokidebulebis gamoxatvis unaris ganviTarebas.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, wyvilebi, individualuri, mTeli klasi

resursi: samuSao furceli / Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi), kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar SearCevs nawarmoebis iseT personaJs (personaJebs), romelsac teqstSi mniSvnelovani datvirTva aqvs (an mTavari personaJia, anda masTan mimarTebiT ukeT warmoCindeba mTavari personaJis maxasiaTeblebi);

• teqstis wakiTxvis dros an Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs Sesavseb sqemas;

• moswavleebi iwyeben sqemis Sevsebas, muSaobisas ramdenjerme miubrundebian teqsts, eZeben da akvirdebian personaJis damaxasiaTebel adgilebs;

• sqemis Sevsebis Semdeg moswavleebi waradgenen TavianT namuSevrebs;

• Semdeg ganixilaven sqemebs da muSaoben maT dazusteba-daxvewaze teqstis moSveliebiTa da msjelobiT;

• dazustebuli sqema daixazeba dafaze, Semdeg moswavleebi mas rveulebSi gadaitanen.

SeniSvna: qvemoT SemoTavazebulia personaJis rukis ramdenime versia. maswavlebels Seu-Zlia SearCios maTgan erT-erTi, gakveTilis miznebisa da teqstis specifikidan gamom-dinare.

234

gag

eba-

gaa

zreba

sqema 1.

personaJi

Tviseba Tviseba Tviseba

dasabuTebateqstidan

dasabuTebateqstidan

dasabuTebateqstidan

sqema 2.

235

sqema 3.

personaJis rukapesonaJis garegnoba (rogor gamoiyureba? ra acvia? vis hgavs?)

pesonaJis moqmedebebi (ras akeTebs? rogor iqceva?)

pesonaJis grZnobebi (ras grZnobs? ra gancdebi aqvs?)

pesonaJis fiqrebi (raze fiqrobs? ra azrebi aqvs?)

pesonaJis miznebi (ra surs? ris miRwevas cdilobs?ra mizani aqvs?)

sqema 4.

236

gag

eba-

gaa

zreba

debatebi


debati da diskusia, romlebSic moswavleebi monawileoben, aqtiuri swavlebis saukeTeso saSualebebia. Zalian xSirad maT aigiveben, magram isini TavianTi miznebiTa da mimdina-reobiT mkveTrad gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan.

debatis mizania ori urTierTsapirispiro mosazrebidan erT-erTis gamarjveba (argumen-tirebis gziT), xolo diskusiis mizania dasmuli sakiTxis Sesaxeb mosazrebebis gamoTqma da bolos maTi Sejereba. diskusiisas sasurvelia raRac saerTo azramde misvla, debatis dros ki piriqiT – erT-erTma unda gaimarjvos.

debatisa da diskusiis dros gansxvavebulia klasis organizebis formebic – diskusiis dros merxebi wriuladaa ganlagebuli (rac xazs usvams imas, rom yvela monawile Tana-bar pirobebSia da Tanabari ufleba aqvs), debatis dros ki monawile jgufebi cal-calke sxdebian. calke adgilia gamoyofili JiurisTvisac.

debati (iseve, rogorc diskusia) moswavleebs:

• exmareba sakiTxis, problemis siRrmiseul gaazrebaSi;

• uviTarebs sakuTari poziciis argumentirebuli msjelobiT dacvis unars;

• aCvevs argumentebisa da kontrargumentebis Camoyalibebas;

• uviTarebs ritorikul da logikur unarebs;

• xels uwyobs urTierTTanamSromlobiTi unarebis gamomuSaveba-ganviTarebas.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs iseT sakiTxs, romlis Sesaxeb ori sapirispiro mosazreba arsebobs;

• Semdeg klasSi gamoyofs or jgufs. erTma jgufma unda daicvas erTi mosazreba, meorem – meore;

• maswavlebeli jgufebs winaswar aZlevs dros argumentebis mosaZiebel-mosafiqreblad (SesaZlebelia, sakiTxebi erTi-ori dRiT adrec misces);

• jgufebi sxdebian auditoriis sxvadasxva mxares, erTmaneTis pirispir. TavianTi mosazrebebis dacvisas warmoadgenen argumentebs;

• argumentebs iniSnavs sagangebod SerCeuli Jiuri;

• imarjvebs is jgufi, romelic ufro met da ufro damajerebel arguments warmoadgens Tavisi mosazrebis gasamyareblad.

SeniSvna: debatSi monawile jgufebisa da Jiuris garda klasSi SeiZleba iyvnen mayure-blebic.

237

sokrateseuli (sokratuli) dialogi


sokrateseuli dialogi aqtiuri swavlebis erT-erTi meTodia. igi gulisxmobs SekiTxve-biT, dialogiTa da maswavleblis miniSnebebiT sakiTxis arsis mixvedras Tavad moswavlis mier, xolo maswavlebelma am procesis dros mxolod damxmaris (fasilitatoris) roli unda Seasrulos.

sokrateseuli dialogi ZiriTadad maSin gamoiyeneba, roca moswavles sakiTxi jer naswa-vli ara aqvs, magram saSinao davalebiT (an sxva raime saxiT) nawilobriv Semzadebulia axali sakiTxis arsis gasarkvevad. oRond maswavlebels kargad unda hqondes mofiqrebu-li is SekiTxvebi da moswavleTa savaraudo pasuxebi, romlebic moswavleebs nabij-nabij miaaxloebs axali sakiTxis arsTan da gaarkvevinebs mas.

am meTodiT swavlebisas moswavleebi:

• eCvevian damoukidebel azrovnebas, msjelobas, daskvnebis gamotanas;

• Rrmad gaiazreben sakiTxs, problemas;

• damoukideblad (maswavleblis mxolod mciredi daxmarebiT) gaarkveven da Caswvdebian sakiTxis arss.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi.


msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sagangebod SearCevs iseT sakiTxs (problemas), romelic bolomde naTeli araa da gaazreba sWirdeba;

• dialogs iwyebs SemzadebiT – iseTi sakiTxis dasmiT, romelzec moswavleebi advilad upasuxeben da savaraudod, erT azrze arian. amiT maswavlebeli monawileebs advilad aiyoliebs saWiro mimarTulebis mqone msjeloba-ganxilvaSi;

• maswavlebeli msjelobisas svams iseT problemas (SekiTxvis saxiT), romelic `CixSi moaqcevs~ dialogis monawileebs an azrTa sxvadasxvaobas gamoiwvevs. amis Semdeg maswavlebeli iwyebs saswavlo `xaraCoebis agebas~, raTa sasurveli (swori) mimarTulebiT warmarTos moswavleTa azrovneba;

• bolos maswavlebels SekiTxvebiTa da `xaraCoebiT~ moswavleebi sasurvel (marTebul) daskvnamde mihyavs. am daskvnas TviTon moswavleebi ayalibeben (xSirad es daskvna sapirispiroa im azrebisa, romlebsac moswavleebi aqtivobis dasawyisSi gamoTqvamdnen).

SeniSvna: sokrateseul dialogs zogjer diskusiasTan aigiveben, magram maT Soris ar-sebiTi gansxvavebaa. diskusia ufro xSirad naswavli, wakiTxuli, gagonili sakiTxis ir-gvliv imarTeba, misi mizania am sakiTxis Sesaxeb sxvadasxva Sexedulebis gamoTqma da bolos erT garkveul saerTo azramde misvla. Tumca, gamoricxuli araa, rom azrTa Sejereba ver moxdes da monawileebi sxvadasxva Tvalsazrisze darCnen. sokrateseuli dialogis mizani ki aris jer kidev ucnobi sakiTxis arsis garkveva, problemis gadaWra.

am aqtivobis msvlelobac gansxvavebulia diskusiis msvlelobisgan. diskusiisas yvela monawile rigrigobiT gamoTqvams Tavis azrs (reglamentis dacviT), xolo sokrateseuli

238

gag

eba-

gaa

zreba

dialogis dros yoveli monawilis (moswavlis) pasuxis Semdeg aqtiurad erTveba maswa-vlebeli, romelsac momzadebuli aqvs momdevno SekiTxvebi. am SekiTxvebze pasuxs ki moswavleebi sabolood sakiTxis arsis garkvevamde mihyavs.

arsebobs sokratuli SekiTxvebis eqvsi ZiriTadi tipi, romlebic miznobrivad gamoiye-neba dialogis dros. esenia:

SeniSvna: meore enis gakveTilebze am meTodis gamoyeneba SesaZlebeli iqneba mexuTe-meeq-vse klasebidan. sasurvelia maswavlebelma Tavdapirvelad dasvas iseTi SekiTxvebi, romlebic ar moiTxovs rTuli da abstraqtuli cnebebis Sesaxeb msjelobas, azrebis ganvrcobilad gadmocemas, alternatiuli poziciebis siRrmiseulad ganxilvas. aseve, sasurvelia, meTodis mixedviT moswavleebi namuSevrebi iyvnen mSobliuri enis gakveTi-lebzec.

№ SekiTxvis tipebi magaliTebi nimuSebi `sami goWis~ mixed-viT

1 SekiTxvebi cnebebisa da ideebis dasazusteblad

ras daamatebdiT?

ufro dawvrilebiT xom ar ag-vixsnidi?

ram migiyvanaT am azramde?

ratom aris es Tema mniSvnelo-vani?

ratom iyo saWiro zamTrisT-vis saxlis aSeneba?

Sen ambob, rom mgeli susti iyo. ras gulisxmob da ratom fiqrob ase?

2 SekiTxvebi daSvebebisa da wanamZRvrebis Sesax-eb

vinmes sxva azri xom ar aqvs? ra varaudi gaqvT?

anu Tqven fiqrobT rom yov-elTvis asea Tu arsebobs gam-onaklisebi?

makam Tqva, rom nufnufi da nifnifi zarmacebi ar iyvnen. yvelani eTanxmebiT?

vinc bevrs TamaSobs, zarma-cia?

3 SekiTxvebi argumentebi-sa da faqtebis Sesaxeb

ra faqtebiT gaamyarebdiT Tqvens mosazrebas? xom ar ar-sebobs sxva wyaroebi da infor-macia am mosazrebis gasamyare-blad?

xom ar SegiZliaT gansxvave-buli an sapirispiro faqtebis moyvana? ra magaliTis moxmoba SegiZliaT? saidan iciT? ratom fiqrobT, rom es marTlac asea? ram migiyvanaT amis dajerebam-de? ra faqtebi SegicvlidaT mosazrebas?

konkretulad ra moxda te-qstSi iseTi, rom mgels gaumaZRari vuwodoT?

sxva teqstebSic xom ar aris amaze laparaki?

4 SekiTxvebi alternati-uli mosazrebebisa da poziciebis Sesaxeb

sxva kuTxiT xom ar gicdiaT amis danaxva? xom ar gaqvT gansxvavebuli mosazreba? ra gansxvavebaa am or mosazrebas Soris? rogor Sexedavda amas _ - _ - _ - _ - ? ra iqneboda sa-pirispiro mosazrebis Sesabami-si yvelaze Zlieri argumenti?

zogierTi Tvlis, rom mgels da goWebs erTad cxovreba SeeZloT. rogor davus-abuTebT, rom es ase araa? Tqveni azriT ras ityoda avtori am mosazrebaze?

239

5 SekiTxvebi inter-pretaciisa da daskvnebis Sesaxeb

ras gulisxmobT? ra mox-deboda Tuki ... ? ra Sedegs moitanda es? es namdvilad moxdeboda Tu SeiZleboda arc momxdariyo?

ra Sedegi moaqvs udardelad yofnas da zedmet garTobas? damatebiT ra unda gaekeTe-bina nafnafs, Zmebs rom misTvis daejerebinaT?

6 SekiTxvebi SekiTxvebis Sesaxeb

rogor fiqrobT, ratom davs-vi es SekiTxva? SeiZleba am SekiTxvis CaSla? ramdenad naTelia SekiTxva? rTuli SekiTxvaa Tu martivi? ra aris saWiro am SekiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad? rogor moviZioT am SekiTxvaze pasuxi?

mainteresebs, ra grZnoba gagiCndaT, rodesac mglis Sesaxeb SegekiTxeT. rogor fiqrobT, ratom gekiTxebiT amas?

daamyare kavSiri


`daamyare kavSiri~ aris gageba-gaazrebis unaris gansaviTarebeli aqtivoba. aseve, is gan-maviTarebeli Sefasebis efeqturi meTodia.

meTodis gamoyenebis dros:

• moswavleebi Seswavlil Temas/nawarmoebs ukavSireben realur cxovrebas;

• moswavleebi iaqtiureben winare codnas;

• maswavlebels SeuZlia swrafad daadginos, Tu ra ician moswavleebma Temis/nawar-moebis gavlis Semdeg.


resursi: Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi), kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs usaxelebs Temas an SesTavazebs Temebis CamonaTvali-dan erT-erTis SerCevas (mag.: `tyuilis Tqma~, `saqmis gadadeba~, `daufiqrebeli moqmedeba~, `xelmeored cda~).

• moswavleebi avseben qvemoT mocemul cxrils.

sakiTxi/ problema magaliTi yoveldRiurobidan

kavSiri romelime nawarmoebTan Cemi azriT...

240

gag

eba-

gaa

zreba

nimuSi:

sakiTxi/ problema

tyuilis Tqma

magaliTi yoveldRiurobidan

Cemi da movatyue, rom wamali tkbili iyo.

laSam nikos uTxra, rom maTematikaSi davaleba ar gvqonda.

kavSiri sxva nawarmoebTan

baroni miunhauzeni

nacarqeqia

Cemi azriT...

tom soieri ityueboda, rom moswonda Robis SeTeTreba, raTa sxvebs mondo-mebodaT misi saqmis gakeTeba...

SeniSvna: gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom es aqtivoba moiTxovs moswavlisagan weriTi unarebis gamoyebasa da gavarjiSebas, magram araa sasurveli maswavlebelma nawerebSi yuradReba orTografiul Secdomebze gaamaxvilos.

es SeniSvna kidev ufro aqtualuria qarTulis, rogorc meore enis swavlebisas, radganac moswavleebi, bunebrivia, bevr Secdomas dauSveben. maswavlebelma unda CainiSnos Secdomebi monitoringis rveulSi, raTa maT aRmofxvraze sxva dros imuSaos.

paralelebis gavleba / kavSirebis damyareba


mas Semdeg, rac dekodirebis sabaziso unarebs daeuflebian, moswavleebs sul ufro meti daxmareba sWirdebaT gageba-gaazrebis strategiebis gamoyenebis kuTxiT, rac maT damoukidebel mkiTxvelebad ayalibebs. roca moswavle kiTxvis dros kavSirebs amyarebs, is ukeTesad iazrebs wakiTxuls. garda amisa, paralelebis gavleba aqtiur azrovnebasa da CarTulobas moiTxovs. mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma kargad auxsnas da daa-naxos bavSvebs, rogor avleben kargi mkiTxvelebi paralelebs sakuTar cxovrebiseul gamocdilebasTan, sxva teqstebTan da garesamyarosTan. es efeqtur modelirebasa da praqtikul varjiSs moiTxovs.


• winare codnis gaaqtiurebaSi;

• teqstis vizualizebaSi;

• teqstis monakveTebis siRrmiseulad gaazrebaSi.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi.

resursi: winaswar SerCeuli teqsti, Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi).

241

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar Seqmnis sakuTari paralelebis nusxas SerCeul konkretul teqstze;

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom dafiqrdnen qvemoT mocemul SekiTxvebze (SekiTxvebi winaswar aris Camowerili dafaze an didformatian qaRaldze);

maswavlebeli uxsnis moswavleebs, rom kargi mkiTxvelebi, informaciis ukeT gaazrebis mizniT, xSirad avleben sxvadasxva saxis paralelebs sakuTar cxovrebas-Tan, sxva teqstebTan, garesamyarosTan:

paralelebi garesamyarosTan

• ra gaxsendeba gare-samyarodan/realu-ri movlenebidan?

• riT hgavs am te-qstSi aRwerili movlenebi garesam-yaros movlenebs?

• riT gansxvavdeba am teqstSi aRwerili movlenebi garesa-myaros movlenebi-sgan?

paralelebi Cems cxovrebasTan

• ra saerTo gaqvs personaJebTan?

• ras gaxsendeba Seni cxovrebidan?

paralelebi sxva teqstebTan

• ra gaxsendeba sxva teqstebidan?

• riT hgavs es te-qsti sxva wignebSi wakiTxuls?

• riT gansxvavdeba am teqstSi mocemuli informacia sxvagan wakiTxulisgan?

am mizniT sasurvelia sagangebo posteris gamoyeneba.

242

gag

eba-

gaa

zreba

• maswavlebeli xmamaRla fiqris strategiis gamoyenebiT mis mier winaswar SerCeul teqstze uCvenebs moswavleebs paralelebis gavlebis (kavSirebis damyarebis) konkretul nimuSebs. amasTan, is xazs usvams, rom zogierTi paraleli metad exmareba mkiTxvels teqstis siRrmiseulad gaazrebaSi, zogierTi ki _ naklebad.

• magaliTi 1 (paraleli, romelic gvexmareba siRrmiseul gaazrebaSi): meore klasSi rom viyavi, Cemi mezoblis ZaRls lekvebi gauCnda. erTi lekvi mezobelma Cven gvaCuqa. ori kviris ganmavlobaSi lekvis deda ymuoda, lekvic wkmutunebda. babuam gagvafrTxila, rom lekvi dedisTvis ar gveCvenebina. mgonia, rom es ganSoreba ZaRlisTvisac da lekvisTvisac Zalian mtkivneuli iyo. albaT, avtoric msgavs movlenaze gvamaxvilebinebs yuradRebas.

• magaliTi 2 (paraleli, romelic naklebad gvexmareba siRrmiseul gaazrebaSi): marikelas uyvars sofeli da cxovelebi. mec Zalian miyvars sofeli da cxovelebi.

• maswavlebeli daurigebs moswavleebs orsvetiani Canawerebis sqemas (ix. qvemoT) an paralelebis gavlebis sqemas (ix. danarTi) da sTxovs konkretuli teqstis wakiTxvis dros Seavson igi.

orsvetiani Canaweris sqema

amonaweri teqstidan Cemi komentari

urTierTswavleba


`urTierTswavlebis~ meTodi erT-erTi efeqturi saSualebaa wakiTxuli teqstis ga-saazreblad. misi gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi muSaoben jgufebSi, irgeben sxvadasxva `rols~ da teqstis damuSavebisas Tavad warmarTaven `swavlebisa~ da `swavlis~ process. ZiriTadi aqtivobebi, romelTa gamoyenebiTac moswavleebi teqstze muSaoben, aris:

o Sejameba;

o kiTxvebis dasma;

o bundovani adgilebis axsna-ganmarteba;

o varaudebis gamoTqma.

am meTodis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs uviTardebaT mniSvnelovani unarebi:

• winare codnis gamoyenebis unari;

• miRebuli informaciis mokled Sejamebis unari;

• SekiTxvebis dasmis unari;

243

• konteqsturi gasaRebebis gamoyenebiT bundovani adgilebis ganmartebis unari;

• varaudebis Camoyalibebis unari;

• mosmenis unari;

• sakuTari mosazrebebis Tamamad gamoTqmis unari;


• urTierTTanamSromlobis unari.

muSaobis forma: oTxkaciani jgufebi (SesaZlebelia, zogierT jgufs TiTo wevri daematos.)

resursi: teqsti (oTx an met nawilad gayofili), Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi ver-sia ix. danarTSi), kalami, dafa, carci/markeri.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs teqsts, romelic saSualebas miscems moswavleebs, oTxkacian jgufebSi Seasrulon meTodiT gaTvaliswinebuli yvela tipis samuSao: misi TiToeuli nawilis (abzacis) irgvliv dasvan kiTxvebi, daazuston bundovani adgilebi an terminebi, Seajamon wakiTxuli monakveTi da gamoTqvan varaudebi.

paralelurad maswavlebeli amzadebs samuSao furcels jgufis wevrebisaTvis.

• maswavlebeli klass yofs oTxkacian jgufebad da jgufis wevrebs gaunawilebs Semdeg rolebs: Semajamebeli, kiTxvebis damsmeli, amxsneli da varaudebis gamomTqmeli.1 (SesaZlebelia maswavlebelma rolebis ganawilebis dros specialuri iarliyebic gamoiyenos. ix. danarTi) moswavleebs urigebs samuSao furclebsa da teqsts2, romelic dayofilia monakveTebad/abzacebad. mkafiod ganumartavs maT, rom yoveli monakveTis wakiTxvis Semdeg (xmamaRla an Cumad), TiToeulma moswavlem unda Seasrulos Tavisi rolis Sesabamisi davaleba:

Semajamebeli jgufSi fasilitacias uwevs wakiTxuli monakveTis/abzacis Sejame-bas. svams masTan dakavSirebul SekiTxvebs, mag.: `ra aris am monakveTis mTavari azri?~ `ra gavigeT am nawyvetidan?~ saboloo daskvnebs erTi an ori winadadebiT ayalibebs da samuSao furcelze CainiSnavs.

kiTxvebis damsmeli svams SekiTxvebs wakiTxulis irgvliv. SekiTxvebi exeba Ziri-Tad azrs, mniSvnelovan detals an SesaZlo daskvnas, Tu ris Sesaxeb aris saubari am nawyvetSi. sasurvelia, man CainiSnos yvela kiTxva, romlebic am monakveTis ir-gvliv gauCndebaT jgufis wevrebs.

amxsneli cdilobs, Tavad an jgufis wevrebis daxmarebiT axsnas is leqsikuri erTeuli (sityva, termini, cneba), informacia, romelic yvelasTvis ar aris gasa-gebi. ganmartebebs CainiSnavs samuSao furcelze.

varaudebis gamomTqmeli wakiTxuli monakveTidan gamomdinare, cdilobs, dafiqr-des da gamoTqvas mosazreba, rogor SeiZleba gagrZeldes ambavi Semdeg nawilSi. mogvianebiT igi Tavis varaudebs Seudarebs jgufis sxva wevrebis mosazrebebs, sabolood ki miRweul SeTanxmebas werilobiT daafiqsirebs furcelze. mag.: `am abzacis bolo winadadebidan gamomdinare, Semdeg nawilSi albaT saubari iqneba...~

1 Tu moswavleTa raodenoba zustad ar iyofa oTxze, SesaZlebelia zogierT jgufSi esa Tu is roli moswavleTa wyvilma Seasrulos. 2 teqsti saerToa yvela moswavlisaTvis. sasurvelia, yvela moswavles Sexvdes momzadebuli teqstis sakuTari egzemplari.

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SeniSvna: moswavleebi winaswar gansazRvruli drois ganmavlobaSi erTdroulad muSao-ben teqstis pirvel nawilze/abzacze.

• pirvel nawilze muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg jgufis TiToeuli wevri akeTebs sakuTari namuSevris prezentacias. imisaTvis, rom es procesi organizebulad warimarTos, umjobesia, pirveli nawili klasis winaSe warmoadginos mxolod erTma jgufma, danarCenebma ki is gansxvavebuli mosazrebebiT Seavson.

• meore monakveTze muSaobis dawyebis win jgufis wevrebi saaTis isris mimarTulebiT cvlian rolebs, samuSao furclebs da agrZeleben teqstis meore monakveTis/abzacis damuSavebas.

• momdevno etapebzec am principiT grZeldeba muSaoba da, Sesabamisad, TiToeuli nawilis damuSavebis Semdeg jgufSi rolebi icvleba. sabolood, gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi yvela moswavles mouwevs oTxive tipis davalebis Sesruleba. klasis winaSe TiTo jgufi TiTo prezentacias akeTebs, magram samuSao furclebs yvela monakveTTan dakavSirebiT Seavsebs.

SeniSvnebi:

1. SesaZlebelia, TiToeuli jgufisTvis Seiqmnas saprezentacio sqema, romelzec ganTavsdeba maTi samuSao furclebi da sabolood Sejamdeba jgufis saqmianoba.

2. meTodSi Semaval aqtivobaTa zemoT mocemuli Tanmimdevroba ar aris gadamwyve-ti. maswavlebels SeuZlia, klasis saWiroebebisa da swavlebis stilis Sesabamisad Secvalos igi. SesaZlebelia, Caanacvlos an daamatos strategiebi. mag.: mkiTxveli – moswavle, romelic xmamaRla waukiTxavs teqsts jgufis wevrebs; ilustratori – vinc daasuraTebs epizodebs; `wammzomi~ – is, vinc gaakontrolebs dros da a.S.

mozaika


meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi jgufebSi kiTxuloben teqstis erT konkretul nawils, Semdeg gadainacvleben axal jgufebSi da miRebuli informaciis SejerebiT amT-lianeben teqsts.


• swavloben mniSvnelovani informaciis gamoyofas;

• varjiSoben informaciis damuSavebasa da gamTlianebaSi;

• iviTareben sinTezisa da analizis unars.


resursi: moswavleTa jgufebis raodenobis mixedviT dayofili teqsti, danomrili/fe-radi baraTebi TiToeuli jgufisTvis

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar dayofs teqsts imden nawilad, ramdeni jgufic imuSavebs klasSi.

• maswavlebeli klass yofs 3-5-kacian jgufebad (mniSvnelovania, rom jgufebisa da jgufis wevrebis raodenoba erTmaneTs emTxveodes. mag., Tu aris 4 jgufi,

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TiTo jgufSi unda iyos 4 wevri. Tu zustad ar iyofa bavSvebis raodenoba, SesaZlebelia erTi individis roli wyvilma Seasrulos.). maswavlebeli TiToeul jgufs mianiWebs garkveul nomers/fers da urigebs Sesabamis baraTebs (mag., meore jgufis yvela wevri miiRebs baraTs 2-ianis gamosaxulebiT). es mniSvnelovnad daexmareba moswavleebs gadajgufebis procesSi.

• maswavlebeli TiToeul jgufs dasamuSaveblad aZlevs teqstis TiTo nawils da sTavazobs, rom gamoiyenon kiTxvisa da urTierTgaziarebis konkretuli strategiebi. SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma moswavleebs samuSaod misces winaswar momzadebuli aqtivobis baraTebi (SekiTxvebiT, miniSnebebiTa da instruqciebiT).

• yvela jgufi amuSavebs teqstis micemul nawils maswavleblis mier miTiTebuli strategiebis gamoyenebiT.

• mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi CainiSnaven teqstidan mniSvnelovan informacias, maswavlebeli gadaajgufebs moswavleebs. axali jgufebis dakompleqtebis principi aseTia: TiToeul axal jgufSi Tavs iyris Tavdapirveli jgufis TiTo wevri (ix. sqema). amgvari dajgufeba aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom yvela jgufSi moxerxdes teqstis yvela nawilis Sejereba da gamTlianeba.

faza 1. muSaoba sawyis jgufebSi

faza 2. muSaoba axal jgufebSi

• moswavleebi jgufis wevrebs gauziareben informacias, gaamTlianeben teqsts da moemzadebian wakiTxvis Semdgomi aqtivobebisTvis.

SeniSvna: SesaZloa mozaikis ufro rTuli variantis ganxorcielebac. mas Semdeg, rac te-qsti gamTliandeba, moswavleebi ubrundebian sawyis jgufebs da sabolood Seajereben informacias, gaamTlianeben teqsts sakuTar jgufSi.

variacia

• wina versiisagan gansxvavebiT, sawyis jgufebSi moswavleebs dasamuSaveblad eZlevaT teqstis sxvadasxva monakveTi.

• maTi damuSavebis Semdeg maswavlebeli qmnis axal jgufebs (e.w. `eqspertTa jgufebs~), romlebSic erTi da imave nomris mqone moswavleebi Seajereben da siRrmiseulad gaiazreben teqstis erT konkretul nawils (magaliTad, yvela, visac aqvs baraTi nomriT `2~, erToblivad imuSavebs teqstis meore nawilze). am amocanis Sesasruleblad SesaZlebelia maswavlebeli daexmaros jgufebs winaswar

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momzadebuli aqtivobis baraTebiT.

• mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi eqspertTa jgufebSi ganimtkiceben micemuli nawilis codnas, isini brundebian sawyis jgufebSi da sabolood gaamTlianeben teqsts.

faza 1. muSaoba axal jgufebSi

faza 2. muSaoba axal/eqspertTa jgufebSi

faza 3. muSaoba sawyis jgufebSi

oTxi kuTxe


òTxi kuTxe~ aris saswavlo strategia, romelic aviTarebs gageba-gaazrebis unars da, amave dros, aris kargi aqtivoba ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis gasakeTeblad. meTodis ga-moyenebis dros moswavleebi msjeloben sakamaTo sakiTxebze.

muSaobis forma: jgufuri, mTeli klasi

resursi: sityvis baraTebi, didi formatis qaRaldi/dafa, markeri/carci

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs sakamaTo sakiTxs da formatze an dafaze dawers Teziss mtkicebiTi formiT (mag.: moswavlem arasodes unda gamoiyenos kompiuteri saSinao davalebis Sesasruleblad).

• Semdeg maswavlebeli gaaTavisuflebs oTaxis oTxive kuTxes da yvela kuTxeSi gaakravs sxvadasxva warweras: veTanxmebi~; ufro veTanxmebi, vidre ar veTanxmebi~; ùfro ar veTanxmebi, vidre veTanxmebi~; àr veTanxmebi~.

• moswavleebi individualurad furcelze Camoweren argumentebs TavianTi poziciebis gasamyareblad.

• moswavleebi dgebian im kuTxeSi, romelic maT pozicias Seesabameba.

• mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi kuTxeebSi gadanawildebian:

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• moswavleebi jgufurad msjeloben, Seajereben TavianT mosazrebebs da ayalibeben argumentebs, Semdeg ki amzadeben argumentirebul, mtkicebiTi Sinaarsis prezen-tacias;

• sxvadasxva jgufis warmomadgeneli moswavleebi gaacnoben danarCen jgufebs Ta-vianT poziciasa da argumentebs. sxva jgufebis warmomadgenlebi akeTeben TiTo mcire komentars.

• mas Semdeg, rac jgufebi informacias gacvlian, maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, dafiqrdnen, Seicvala Tu ara maTi pozicia, da amis mixedviT Tavidan gadanawildnen oTx kuTxeSi.

SeniSvna: es aqtivoba gazrdis moswavleTa motivacias gamoxaton da daicvan sakuTari mosazrebebi. miuxedavad imisa, rom moswavleTa saubarSi gamovlenili iqneba sxvadasx-vagvari Secdomebi, araa sasurveli maswavlebeli mudmivad reagirebdes maTze da amiT aferxebdes msjelobas. moswavleTa SesaZleblobebidan gamomdinare sakiTxi umartive-sic ki SeiZleba iyos, magaliTad, `fexburTi ufro popularuli TamaSia, vidre ragbi.~

cocxali qvizi/a-b-g-d kuTxeebi


`cocxali qvizi~ efeqturad gamoiyeneba teqstis damuSavebis Semdeg winaswar momzade-bul SekiTxvebze sapasuxod. amave dros, aris kargi aqtivoba ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis-Tvis. moswavleebs eZlevaT klasSi moZraobis saSualeba. codnis amgvari Semowmeba iZens Sejibrisa da TamaSis formas.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, mTeli klasi

resursi: a-b-g-d iarliyebi; mokle SekiTxvebi oTxi savaraudo pasuxiT

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar amzadebs ramdenime sxvadasxva donis SekiTxvas oTx-oTxi savaraudo pasuxiT.

• maswavlebeli kuTxeebSi amagrebs `a~, `b~, `g~, `d~ iarliyebs.

• svams SekiTxvas da moswavleebs warudgens oTx savaraudo pasuxs a), b), g) da d).

• moswavleebi SearCeven pasuxs, romelic sworad miaCniaT da gadanawildebian Se-sabamis kuTxeebSi.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, daixmaron teqsti TavianTi pasuxebis dasa-sabuTeblad.

nimuSi 1.

ratom miaswro mgelma wiTelqudas bebias saxlamde?

a) ufro mokle gziT wavida;

b) mgeli ufro swrafad darboda;

g) wiTelquda yvavilebis krefiT gaerTo;

d) yvela pasuxi sworia.

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nimuSi 2.

romeli veSapebi mRerian?

a) mamali

b) dedali

g) mamalic da dedalic

d) veSapebi ar mRerian.

5 kiTxva (vin? sad? ra? rodis? ratom?)


`xuTi kiTxvis~ gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi avseben xuTsvetian cxrils da TiToeul svetSi weren dasmuli kiTxvis Sesabamis informacias.


• iazreben nawarmoebis siuJetur xazs;

• swavloben informaciis gamoyofa-daxarisxebas;

• iviTareben analizis unars.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, jgufuri, wyvilebi

resursi: dafa, carci/markeri, kalami, furceli/Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi ver-sia ix. danarTSi)

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli didi formatis qaRaldze an dafaze xazavs xuTsvetian cxrils. TiToeuli svetis zeda nawilSi mocemulia konkretuli kiTxva (vin?/ra? sad? ras Svreba?/ra qna? rodis? ratom?).

• moswavleebi TavianT rveulebSi gadaixazaven cxrils. SesaZloa, maswavlebelma daurigos cxrilis winaswar damzadebuli Sabloni.

• teqstis damuSavebis Semdeg moswavleebi avseben xuTsvetian cxrils.

SeniSvna: sawyis etapze sasurvelia, maswavlebelma aqtivobis nimuSad Seavsos erTi striqoni.

magaliTi: `napovni savarcxeli~, iakob gogebaSvili

vin/ra? sad? ras Svreba/ra qna? rodis? ratom?

orma melotma kacma

gzajvaredinze savarcxeli ipova;

savarcxlisTvis Cxubi atexa.

erTxel orives undoda savarcxeli

variacia

`5+1 kiTxva~ gulisxmobs zemoT aRweril xuT SekiTxvaze erTi SekiTxvis (`rogor?~) da-matebas. am meTodis gamoyenebisas moswavleebi Seavseben eqvssvetian sqemas an gaSlili xelis mtevnis formis sqemas.

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ratom?

rogor?

kiTxvebi da pasuxebi (QAR)


meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi upasuxeben mocemul kiTxvebs da pasu-xebTan erTad maT sworad gadaanawileben cxrilSi.

meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi:

• iviTareben gageba-gaazrebis unars;

• acnobiereben, ra strategiebs iyeneben kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad;

• axdenen informaciis kategorizebas.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, jgufebi, wyvilebi

resursi: winaswar SerCeuli teqsti, kalami, furceli/Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs wasakiTx teqsts da Camoayalibebs masTan dakavSirebul SekiTxvebs, romelTac Camowers dafaze.

SeniSvna: im SemTxvevaSi, Tu aRniSnuli meTodiT mxolod mcire jgufi muSaobs, maswavlebeli jgufis wevrebs individualurad daurigebs SekiTxvebs.

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs winaswar momzadebul cxrils (SesaZlebelia dafaze daxazvac), romelic Sedgeba oTxi ujrisagan (ix. nimuSi).

• zeda marcxena ujras aweria `iqve, teqstSi~. aq iwereba iseTi kiTxva (da masze pasuxi), romelic pirdapir, eqspliciturad, aris mocemuli teqstSi;

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• qveda marcxena ujraSi – ìfiqre da moiZie~ – iwereba iseTi kiTxvebi (da pasuxebi), romlebze pasuxis gasacemad moswavlem informacia teqstis sxvadasxva monakveTSi unda moZebnos.

• zeda marjvena ujraSi – àvtori da me~ – iwereba implicituri informacia, anu is informacia, romelic teqstSi pirdapir ar aris mocemuli, magram igulisxmeba. moswavleebma teqstSi mocemuli informacia unda daukavSiron winare codnas da ise gascen pasuxi kiTxvas.

• qveda marjvena ujraSi – `me TviTon~ – iwereba ganzogadebuli informacia, iseTi kiTxvebis pasuxebi, romlebsac teqstis wakiTxvis gareSec, cxovrebiseul gamocdilebaze dayrdnobiT SeiZleba gaeces pasuxi, magram Sinaarsobrivad teqsts ukavSirdeba.

SeniSvna: moswavleebma cxrilSi sworad unda gadaanawilon SekiTxvebi (da, Sesabamisad, pasuxebic).

nimuSi: èniT dakodili~, sulxan-saba orbeliani

teqstSi Cems gonebaSi

pasuxi teqstSia, iqve

ra sTxova daTvma kacs?

daTvma kacs sTxova, TavSi culi damkario.

avtori da me

rogori adamiani yofila kaci?

kaci yofila stumarTmoyvare, erTguli adamiani.

ifiqre da moiZie

ramdenjer xvdebian nawarmoebSi erTmaneTs kaci da daTvi?

daTvi da kaci erTmaneTs xvdebian samjer

me TviTon

ra aris wyena?

wyena aris gulistkivili, dardi, romelic SeiZleba gamoiwvios sayvareli adamianisgan cudi sityvis, dacinvis mosmenam.

varianti 2

mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi gaiwafebian `QAR~ meTodiT teqstis damuSavebaSi, SesaZle-belia maswavlebelma maT SesTavazos aqtivobis ufro garTulebuli versia:

moswavleebi avseben cxrils, magram amjerad TviTon unda moifiqron TiToeuli kate-goriis (ujris) Sesabamisi kiTxvebi (maswavlebelis mier SeTavazebuli kiTxvebis ujrebSi gadanawilebis nacvlad).

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dafiqrdi - dawyvildi - gauziare


`dafiqrdi – dawyvildi – gauziare~ aris meTodi, romelic saSualebas aZlevs moswavles, Camoayalibos sakuTari azri da gauziaros is sxvebs. es strategia moswavlis refleqsi-is gamowvevisa da, amavdroulad, gageba-gaazrebis Semowmebis efeqturi saSualebaa.

meTodis/aqtivobis xSiri gamoyeneba moswavles uviTarebs:

• sakuTari Tvalsazrisis/poziciis/daskvnebis gamoxatvis unars;

• komunikaciis unars;

• Sejamebisa da daskvnebis gakeTebis unarebs;

• analitikuri azrovnebis unars;

• aCvevs moswavleebs sxvaTa azris pativiscemas, mosmenasa da TanamSromlobas.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, jgufebi, mTeli klasi

resursi: dafa/didi formatis qaRaldi, carci/markeri, furceli, kalami

msvleloba

`dafiqrdi~

• maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas, romelic Sesaswavl sakiTxs ukavSirdeba, da aZlevs gansazRvrul dros fiqrisTvis.

• moswavleebi individualurad Camoweren sakuTar mosazrebebs.

`dawyvildi~

• maswavlebeli awyvilebs moswavleebs, raTa erTmaneTs gauziaron sakuTari Sexedulebebi da Sejerebuli mosazreba warudginon klass.

• ramdenime wuTis ganmavlobaSi moswavleebi wyvilebSi ganixilaven TavianT pasuxebs.

`gauziare~

• mas Semdeg, rac wyvilebi Seajereben mosazrebebs, maswavlebeli sTxovs maT TavianTi azri klass gaacnon.

SeniSvna: kargi iqneba, Tu moswavleebi sakuTar naazrevs werilobiTac daafiqsireben. amisTvis maswavlebelma SesaZlebelia specialuri samuSao furcelic ki Seqmnas:

SekiTxva me ra vifiqre... mewyvilem ra ifiqra...

ra gavuziaroT klass...

meTodis variaciebi

• moswavleebi klass uziareben ara wyvilis erTobliv, aramed mewyvilis mosazrebas.

• imis mixedviT, Tu ra samuSaos asruleben moswavleebi aqtivobis pirvel safexurze,

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maswavlebels SeuZlia moswavleebs SesTavazos meTodis/aqtivobis sxva variantebi:

o CamoTvale – dawyvildi – gauziare;

o Seajame – dawyvildi – gauziare;

o daxate – dawyvildi – gauziare.

3-2-1 da misi variaciebi


`3 -2- 1~ erT-erTi Zlieri aqtivobaa teqstebis gasaazreblad. igi ufro xSirad sainfor-macio teqstze samuSaod gamoiyeneba. igi mkiTxvels aZlevs SesaZleblobas, miRebuli informacia daaxarisxos sxvadasxva principiT, dasvas SekiTxvebi, Seafasos sakuTari swa-vlis procesi, xolo maswavlebels exmareba, Tvali gaadevnos moswavlis mier informa-ciis gaazrebis process.

`3-2-1~ maswavlebels SeuZlia efeqturad gamoiyenos rogorc teqstis/gakveTilis Seja-mebisas, ise teqstis wakiTxvamdec/gakveTilis pirvel fazaze. amis mixedviT davalebebi sxvadasxvagvari iqneba.

meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs uviTardebaT:

• miRebuli informaciis kategorizebis unari;

• mTavari da meorexarisxovani aspeqtebis garCevis unari;

• SekiTxvis dasmis unari;

• sakuTari mosazrebebis gamarTulad Camoyalibebisa da msjelobis unarebi.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, jgufuri, mTeli klasi

resursi: dafa, carci/markeri, teqsti, furceli/rveuli, kalami

davalebebi teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg

• 3 mniSvnelovani faqti; 2 saintereso faqti; 1 mniSvnelovani daskvna.

• 3 ram, rac momewona; 2 ram, rasac Sevcvlidi teqstSi; 1 rCeva avtors/personaJs.

• 3 SekiTxva teqstis Sesaxeb (gaugebari sityvebi, nawyveti an ideebi); 2 varaudi teqstze dayrdnobiT (ra moxdeba Semdeg?); 1 ram, riTac es teqsti ukavSirdeba Tqvens gamocdilebas.

davalebebi teqstis wakiTxvamde (saTaurze, qveTavis saTaurebze, ydaze, ilustraciebze, gamuqebul sityvebze dayrdnobiT):

• 3 ram, razec SesaZloa iyos teqsti; 2 ram, rac minda gavigo mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT; 1 molodini, romelic axla maqvs.

• 3 ram, rac ukve vici am sakiTxze; 2 faqti Cemi cxovrebidan, romlebic am Temas ukavSirdeba; 1 SekiTxva, romelic gamiCnda teqstis wakiTxvamde.

variacia

arsebobs meTodis 3-2-1~ ganvrcobili variantebi 3-2-1-2-3~/`1-2-3-2-1~, romlebic ufro xSirad dawyebiTi safexuris zeda klasis moswavleebTan gamoiyeneba. meTodi efeqturia

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SedarebiT vrceli, informaciulad datvirTuli teqstebis detalurad gasaazreblad. am dros SesaZlebelia zemoT mocemuli davalebebis sxvadasxva kombinaciis gamoyeneba.

magaliTi

• 3 ram, rac mniSvnelovani iyo teqstSi;

• 2 SekiTxva teqstTan/sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT;

• 1 komentari;

• 2 ram, rasac Sevcvlidi;

• 3 ram, razec meti informaciis miRebas visurvebdi.

samwuTiani pauza


meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebs eZlevaT sami wuTi, raTa dafiqrdnen, rogor SeiZleba Seswavlili cnebebi da ideebi sakuTar codnasa da gamocdilebas daukavSiron. aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavleebs gamoumuSavebs:

• gageba-gaazrebisa da analizis unarebs;

• miRebuli informaciis sakuTar codnasa da gamocdilebasTan dakavSirebis unars;

• Seswavlili sakiTxebis axleburad/Taviseburad interpretaciis unars.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, individualuri

resursi: winaswar momzadebuli dausrulebeli winadadebebi yvela moswavlisaTvis, dafa, carci/markeri, kalami, rveuli.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs (an dafaze Camowers) dausrulebel winadade-bebs, romlebic moswavleebma Tavad unda daasrulon. magaliTad:

1. me Semecvala warmodgena ________________-is Sesaxeb.

2. me ukeT gavige _______________.

3. me gamikvirda, rom ______________.

4. me vigrZeni _____________.

5. me ____________ davukavSire _____________-s.

6. me TanagrZnoba gamiCnda _____________-is mimarT da a.S.

SekiTxvebis Sinaarsi da raodenoba SeiZleba gansxvavebuli iyos teqstisa da amo-canebis mixedviT.

• moswavleebi muSaoben wyvilSi/individualurad, asruleben winadadebebs da bo-los sakuTar versiebs acnoben mTel klass.

SeniSvna: am aqtivobis Sesasruleblad maswavlebels SeuZlia moswavleebs daurigos in-dividualuri specialuri samuSao furclebi.

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mibrundi da isaubre


meTodi `mibrundi da isaubre~ gulisxmobs Seswavlili masalis Sejamebas wyvilis mier da yvelaze mniSvnelovani informaciis erTi winadadebiT gadmocemas. meTodis xSiri gamoyeneba aviTarebs:

• sakiTxis lakonurad Sejamebis unars;

• mniSvnelovani da naklebmniSvnelovani informaciis erTmaneTisgan garCevisa da gamijvnis unars;

• informaciis gageba-gaazrebisa da analizis unarebs.


resursi: rveuli/furceli, kalami

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, miubrundnen mewyviles da ganixilon, ra iyo Seswavlil sakiTxSi maTTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani informacia, romelic aucileblad unda daimaxsovron.

• moswavleebi jer zepirad ganixilaven sakiTxs, Semdeg daweren erT Semajamebel winadadebas gakveTilze Seswavlili ZiriTadi cnebebis/sityvebis gamoyenebiT;bolos moswavleebi TavianT Semajamebel winadadebebs acnoben mTel klass.

reziume/Sejameba

reziume – esaa raime teqstis Zalian mokle, SekumSuli Sinaarsi, romelic Sedgenilia teqstis ZiriTad, konceptualur winadadebebze dayrdnobiT. igi saukeTeso saSualebaa raime Temis an teqstis, gansakuTrebiT ki – sainformacio-samecniero teqstis, Sesaja-meblad.

Sejameba uviTarebs moswavles unars, teqstidan gamoyos yvelaze mniSvnelovani idee-bi, ugulebelyos meorexarisxovani informacia da erTmaneTTan daakavSiros ZiriTadi azrebi. igi xels uwyobs wakiTxulis damaxsovrebas, sakvanZo sityvebsa da frazebze koncentrirebas, aswavlis, rogor imuSaos vrcel teqstTan da daiyvanos igi ZiriTad sakiTxebamde. Sejamebisas ZiriTadi SekiTxvebia: romelia am sakiTxis/teqstis mTavari ideebi? romelia mniSvnelovani damxmare detalebi? romeli informaciaa umniSvnelo/meorexarisxovani? mniSvnelovania, rom Sejamebisas moswavlem gamoiyenos teqstis sak-vanZo sityvebi da frazebi.

Sejamebis strategiebs yvela saganSi viyenebT. sakiTxi/teqsti SeiZleba Sejamdes weri-lobiT (ix. weris komponentis aqtivobebi), zepirad, dramiT, xatviT da sxv.

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erTwinadadebiani Sejameba (reziume)


aqtivoba exmareba

• siRrmiseulad gaiazron teqsti;

• iswavlon teqstidan mTavari informaciis amoReba SejamebisTvis;

• gaiaqtiuron Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codna.


resursi: furceli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTxovs, daweron erTi Semajamebeli winadadeba, romlis wevrebi upasuxebs TemasTan dakavSirebul SekiTxvebs: vin? sad? rodis? ratom? rogor? rogori? risTvis? da sxva.

• moswavleebi weren winadadebas, romlis wevrebi upasuxebs zemoT dasaxelebul (da sxva) kiTxvebs.

SeniSvna: rac ufro met SekiTxvas upasuxebs, anu teqstidan rac ufro met informacias mogvawvdis winadadeba, miT ukeTesi iqneba.

SesaZlebelia, moswavleTa dawerili Semajamebeli winadadebebi dafaze Camoiweros da iqidan msjelobiT SeirCes saukeTeso, anu iseTi, romelic yvelaze srulyofilad Sea-jamebs teqsts.

SeniSvna: teqstis zomidan da sirTulidan gamomdinare, maswavlebelma SeiZleba winada-debebis raodenoba gazardos. magaliTad, moswavleebs daavalos orwinadadebiani, samwi-nadadebiani da a.S. Sejamebis dawera.

erTsityviani Sejameba (reziume)


erTsityviani reziume, faqtobrivad, teqstis (Temis) alternatiuli saTauria imdenad, ramdenadac aqcents, miniSnebas akeTebs mis umTavres, arsebiT informaciaze an sazrisze (rogorc saTauri).

meTodi exmareba moswavleebs:

• kargad gaiazron teqsti;

• iswavlon teqstSi mTavari, sakvanZo sityvis SerCeva SejamebisTvis;

• gaacnobieron kavSiri SerCeul sityvasa da teqstis mTavar informacias Soris;

• gaimdidron leqsikuri maragi;

• gaiaqtiuron Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebis codna.

muSaobis forma: jgufebi, wyvilebi, individualuri

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resursi: furceli, kalami, dafa, carci/markeri

msvleloba

• Temaze (teqstze) muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTxovs, mis mier miTiTebuli sityvebidan an wakiTxuli teqstidan SearCion (an TviTon moifiqron) erTi sityva, romelic yvelaze srulyofilad Seajamebs Temas (teqsts).

• moswavleebi asaxeleben sityvebs, Semdeg dafaze weren.

• saerTo-saklaso muSaobiT ganixilaven dafaze daweril sityvebs.

• sabolood SeirCeva erTi Semajamebeli sityva.

`anabana~ reziume


meTodi gamoiyeneba Seswavlili sakiTxis mokled Sesajameblad. misi gamoyeneba moswa-vleebs uviTarebs:



• mniSvnelovani da naklebmniSvnelovani informaciis erTmaneTisgan garCevisa da gamijvnis unars;

• SemoqmedebiTi da sxarti azrovnebis unarebs.


resursi: rveuli/samuSao furceli, kalami

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli klasis TiToeul moswavles/wyvils areulad unawilebs anbanis ama Tu im aso-bgeras. Semdeg aZlevs maT davalebas, moifiqron am asoze dawyebuli erTi sityva an winadadeba, romliTac Seajameben Seswavlil sakiTxs.

• moswavleebi cdiloben, SearCion sityvebi da moifiqron lakonuri winadadeba, romelic Seswavlili sakiTxis mTavar azrs gadmoscems. winadadeba maTTvis miTiTebuli aso-bgeriT unda daiwyon (magaliTad: w – wyali yvela cocxali organizmisTvis sasicocxlod aucilebelia; a – araTanabar brZolaSi qarTvelebs gamarjveba maTma moxerxebulobam moutana.).

• maswavlebeli gamoikiTxavs pasuxebs anbanuri TanmimdevrobiT.

SeniSvna: Tu sakiTxi iZleva vrclad da mravalferovnad Sejamebis saSualebas, SesaZle-belia, maswavlebelma Tavad daamzados samuSao furceli da sTxovos moswavleebs, rac SeiZleba meti winadadeba Seadginon miTiTebul droSi.

samuSao furclis nimuSi

• gaixsene Seswavlili sakiTxi.

• moifiqre konkretuli aso-bgeriT dawyebuli mokle Semajamebeli winadadebebi.

• Cawere TiToeuli winadadeba Sesabamis ujraSi.

• ecade, Seavso rac SeiZleba meti ujra.

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a m mecnierebi cdiloben, sxva planetebzec aRmoaCinon wyali.

R

b n y yvelaze metad dedamiwas hgavs marsi.

g o S Sav zRvaSi mlaSe wyalia.

d dedamiwis zedapirze gacilebiT meti wyalia, vidre xmeleTi.

p C

e J c

v r Z

z zRvis wyali ar ismeva. s w

T t W

i u x

k f j

l q h

reziume da SekiTxvebi baraTebze


meTodi gamoiyeneba Seswavlili sakiTxis Sesajameblad, ZiriTadi cnebebisa da ideebis mokled Camosayalibeblad.

meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavleebs uviTarebs:



• mniSvnelovani da naklebmniSvnelovani informaciebis erTmaneTisgan garCevisa da gamijvnis unars.


resursi: samuSao furceli, kalami

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli Seswavlil sakiTxze ukukavSiris miRebis mizniT moswavles/wyvils urigebs samuSao baraTebs.

• moswavleebi baraTebis erT mxares weren yvelaze mniSvnelovan an STambeWdav informacias, romelic gaiges da daamaxsovrdaT Seswavlili sakiTxidan.

• baraTis meore mxares weren SekiTxvas an TxrobiTi winadadebis saxiT Camoayalibeben, rac maTTvis bundovani iyo sakiTxis Seswavlis procesSi.

• moswavleebi akeTeben TavianTi namuSevrebis prezentacias. maswavleblis daxmarebiT ajameben sakiTxs da erToblivad cdiloben bundovani adgilebis axsna-ganmartebas.

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Sejamebis burTi


`Sejamebis burTi~ aris rbili burTi an rbili saTamaSo, romelic gamoiyeneba gakveTi-lis/sakiTxis mimoxilvisTvis.

am aqtivobis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi eCvevian:

• yuradRebis mobilizebas da swrafad azrovnebas;

• teqstis/gakveTilis mniSvnelovani aspeqtebis gamoyofas;

• sakuTari mosazrebebis xmamaRla gamoTqmas;

• sakiTxis zepirad Sejamebas.

muSaobis forma: mcire jgufebi, mTeli klasi

resursi: rbili burTi an rbili saTamaSo

msvleloba

• teqstis/Temis damuSavebis Semdeg moswavleebi saklaso oTaxSi wreSi dgebian;

• maswavlebeli burTs gadaugdebs romelime moswavles. igi daiWers burTs da 5 wamis ganmavlobaSi ambobs mniSvnelovan ideas/faqts/cnebas teqstidan/gakveTilidan;

• pasuxis Semdeg moswavle burTs gadaugdebs sxva moswavles, romelsac jer ar usaubria;

• TiToeuli moswavle axal/ganxvavebul azrs amatebs ukve naTqvam mosazrebebs;

• is moswavle, romelic verafers daamatebs an gaimeorebs sxvebis naTqvams, a) eTiSeba TamaSs an b) svlas gadascems sityviT `pasi~/`gaviare~;

• pirveli variantiT mimdinare TamaSi grZeldeba manam, sanam wridan mxolod erTi moswavle darCeba.

maxasiaTeblebis cxrili


`maxasiaTeblebis cxrili~ aris grafikuli gamosaxuleba, romelic efeqturad gamoiye-neba ama Tu im sagnis, personaJis, movlenis maxasiaTeblebisa Tu msgavseba-gansxvavebebis gamosakveTad. `maxasiaTeblebis cxrili~ exmareba moswavleebs teqstis gageba-gaazreba-Si, informaciis daxarisxebaSi, saganTa / peronaJTa / movlenaTa Tvisebebis gamokveTa-sa da msgavseba-gansxvavebebis dadgenaSi. cxrilis Sevsebis procesSi moswavleebi ukeT axerxeben axali informaciis gaanalizebas.

am meTodiT muSaobis procesSi moswavleebs uviTardebaT:

• gageba-gaazrebis unari;

• informaciis kategorizeba-daxarisxebis unari;

• ZiriTadi da meorexarisxovani informaciis garCevisa da gamijvnis unari.


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resursi: samuSao furceli/rveuli, kalami, dafa, carci/markeri.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli adgens cxrils da gansazRvravs maxasiaTeblebs, romelTa mixedviTac moswavleebma unda daaxarisxon/Seajamon teqstSi mocemuli informacia. maxasiaTeblebis cxrili SeiZleba Seicavdes aseTi tipis SekiTxvebs: rogoria sagani? sad gvxvdeba? risgan Sedgeba? da sxv. cxrilSi mocemuli SekiTxvebi/maxasiaTeblebi damokidebulia teqstis Sinaarsze da SeiZleba Seicvalos misi specifikis mixedviT.

• moswavleebi kiTxuloben teqsts da cdiloben, informacia amokrifon da daaxa-risxon mocemuli SekiTxvebis/maxasiaTeblebis gaTvaliswinebiT;

• moswavleebi avseben maxasiaTeblebis cxrils individualurad an mcire jgufebSi. Sevsebul cxrilebs ganixilaven klasSi. SesaZlebelia saerTo cxrilis Sedgena.

nimuSi

sagani rogoria? sad gvxvdeba? ra axasiaTebs?

aqlemi orkuziani, maRali

udabnoSi, afrikaSi

didxans Zlebs uwylod, SeuZlia didi tvirTis tareba

viri dabali, kuzi ar aqvs

mTaSic da barSic. SeuZlia didi tvirTis tareba, jiutia, mSromelia.

variacia

maswavlebels SeuZlia SekiTxvebis nacvlad sakvanZo maxasiaTeblebi Caweros cxrilSi. moswavleebi mxolod moniSnaven Sesabamis grafas.

am tipis cxrilis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia teqstis mosmenis procesSic.

sagani Cliqosani Zlebs uwylod

ikvebeba xorciT

mSromeli udabno

aqlemi √ √ √ √

viri √ √

viRacas - undoda - magram - sabolood


es aqtivoba gamoiyeneba imisaTvis, raTa moswavleebma gaiazron teqstis mniSvnelovani elementi: konfliqti (an problema da misi gadaWra. amavdroulad, esaa Sejamebis efeq-turi strategia istoriasa da sazogadoebriv mecnierebebSi, vinaidan bevri ram cxovre-baSi swored adamianTa survilebsa da saWiroebebs ukavSirdeba. aq ti vobis gamoyenebisas moswavleebi avseben specialur sqemas.

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sqemis nimuSi:

viRacas undoda magram sabolood

am aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavleebs exmareba:

• personaJTan dakavSirebuli problemisa da misi gadaWris gzebis gaazrebaSi;

• mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSirebis danaxvaSi;

• teqstis gaazreba-SejamebaSi.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, wyvilebi, mcire jgufebi

resursi: winaswar SerCeuli teqsti, samuSao furceli.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs (an dafaze xazavs) oTxsvetian sqemas. misi yoveli sveti dasaTaurebulia Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT: `viRacas~, `undoda~, `magram~, `sabolood~;

• moswavleebi rveulebSi gadaixazaven sqemas da Tanmimdevrulad weren Sesabamis informacias yoveli svetis saTauris qveS. isini daadgenen, Tu vis undoda, ra undoda, ra konfliqti/problema wamoiWra da rogor gadaiWra (an ratom ver ga-daiWra) igi.

• moswavleebi, maswavlebelTan erTad, klasSi ganixilaven Sevsebul sqemas da, sa-Wiroebis SemTxvevaSi, SeaqvT Sesworebebi.

magaliTi

viRacas undoda magram sabolood

did mgels goWebis SeWma. goWebi daimalnen aguris saxlSi.

mgeli xaxamSrali darCa.

aleqsandre makedonels

samefoebis dapyrobiT yvela drois yvelaze Zlieri imperiis Seqmna.

33 wlis asakSi, erT-erTi momdevno laSq robisTvis mzadebisas, daavadda da maleve gardaicvala.

dapyrobili terito-riebi misma mimdevrebma daanawevres da erTmane Tisgan damoukideblad marTavdnen.

teqsti ambobs - me vfiqrob - amitomac


meTodi efeqturad gamoiyeneba teqstis gageba-gaazrebisaTvis. moswavleebi teqstis wa-kiTxvisas avseben sqemas.

SekiTxva teqsti ambobs... me vfiqrob... amitomac...

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• eCvevian avtorisa da TavianTi naazrevis Sejerebasa da daskvnebis gamotanas;

• swavloben teqstSi mocemuli informaciis organizebas, rac xels uwyobs teqstis siRrmiseul gaazrebas;

• swavloben mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSirebis danaxva-gaazrebas.

muSaobis forma: mTeli klasi, jgufebi

resursi: samuSao furceli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs oTxsvetian cxrils, romlis pirvel svetSi weria winaswar momzadebuli SekiTxvebi;

• moswavleebi wakiTxvisas an wakiTxvis Semdeg upasuxeben pirvel svetSi mocemul SekiTxvebs. amisaTvis iyeneben teqstSi mocemul informacias. am informacias Caweren meore svetis Sesabamis ujraSi (`teqsti ambobs~). SekiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad es informacia sakmarisi ar aris, amitom bavSvi amatebs sakuTar codnas, romelsac wers grafaSi `me vfiqrob~. am ori informaciis Sejerebis safuZvelze pirvel svetSi mocemul SekiTxvaze pasuxs wers meoTxe svetis grafaSi amitomac~. aseve ivseba meore, mesame da a.S. striqonebi.

• cxrilis Sevsebis procesSi maswavlebeli akvirdeba moswavleebis muSaobas da aZlevs ukukavSirs;

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi akeTeben Sevsebuli cxrilebis prezentacias.

o pirdapir ar iyos pasuxi teqstSi;

o moswavles hqondes dro am SekiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad;

o SesaZlebeli iyos am or informaciaze (teqstis da moswavlis) dayrdnobiT garkveuli daskvnis gamotana.

nimuSi `sami goWis~ mixedviT

SekiTxva teqsti ambobs me vfiqrob amitomac / aqedan ga-momdinare

ratom ver aaSena nufnufma aguris saxli?

nufnufi da nifnifi mTeli zafxuli da Semodgoma Ta-maSobdnen.

aguris saxlis aSen-ebas didi dro sWir-deba.

nufnufma zamTramde veRar moaswro aguris saxlis aSeneba.

ra feris Spaleri hqonda saxlSi naf-nafs?

nafnafma aguris saxli aaSena.

goWebi vardisferebi arian, vardisfers ux-deba lurji.

nafnafs saxlis kedleb-ze lurji Spaleri eqneboda gakruli.

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nimuSi jani rodaris `troleibusi 75~-is mixedviT

SekiTxva teqsti ambobs me vfiqrob amitomac / aqedan gamomdinare

rogor gadaux-via trolei-busma Cveuli gzidan?

gareubnisken gadauxvia...

qalaqi ukan moitova da trial mindorze dare-tianebuliviT gavarda...

gzidan gadavida da tyis piras gaCerda.

amis gamo mZRolic gakvir-vebuli iyo da ambobda, troleibusi saWes aRar emorCileba, Tavis nebaze dagvarbeninebso.

troleibusi bigelebiT aris mibmuli dakidebul eleqtrosadenebze. Tu deni ar miewodeba, ver imoZravebs.

troleibuss sakuTari nebis garda adamianis sxva Tvisebebic gauCndeboda, magaliTad, mexsiereba da survilebi.

zRapris am naw-ilSi troleibu-si keTil jadoq-rad gadaiqca.

Sejamebis varskvlavi


`Sejamebis varskvlavi~ exmareba moswavles teqstis mniSvnelovan elementebze dafiqre-basa da SejamebaSi.

am aqtivobis meSveobiT moswavleebi iviTareben:

• teqstis mniSvnelovan elementebze fokusirebis unars;

• sakuTar grZnobebze dakvirvebisa da maTi sityvebiT gamoxatvis unars;

• teqstis mokled Sejamebis unars.


resursi: teqsti, furceli/Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi)

msvleloba

• teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs xuTqimiani varskv-lavis formis Sablons da davalebebis baraTs. baraTze mocemulia xuTi saxis davaleba (qimebis raodenobis Sesabamisad):

1. moufiqre teqsts erTsityviani saTauri;

2. gamoxate grZnobebi, romlebic gagiCnda teqstis kiTxvisas;

3. aRwere teqstSi mocemuli garemoebebi;

4. aRwere teqstSi wamoWrili problema;

5. aRwere problemis gadaWris gza/gzebi.

• moswavleebi TanmimdevrobiT asruleben baraTze mocemul davalebebs da pasu-xebs weren SablonSi (varskvlavis TiTo qimSi iwereba TiTo davalebis pasuxi).

nimuSi (sqema Sevsebulia moTxrobis `cuga~ mixedviT)

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SeniSvna: am sqemis gamoyeneba SeiZleba gramatikis swavlebisTvisac. Cveulebriv, saTau-ri iqneba arsebiTi saxeli, grZnobebi – zedsarTavi saxelebi, garemoebebi – zmnizedebi, xolo problema da misi gadaWra – sruli winadadebebi. maswavlebels SeuZlia, Sablonis gamoyenebis nacvlad, sqema dafaze daxazos.

gasasvleli bileTebi


gasasvleli bileTebis gamoyenebisas moswavleebs urigdebaT baraTebi. am bileTebze maT unda daweron pasuxi maswavleblis mier dasmul SekiTxvaze da gakveTilis dasrulebi-sas, oTaxidan gasvlamde, ukan daubrunon maswavlebels. es SesaZleblobas aZlevs maswa-vlebels, Seamowmos, ramdenad efeqturad aiTvises moswavleebma gakveTilze ganxiluli ZiriTadi sakiTxebi da cnebebi. meTodi efeqturia im sakvanZo Secdomebis aRmosaCena-dac, romlebsac xSirad uSveben xolme moswavleebi.

meTodi/aqtivoba moswavleebs uviTarebs:


• miRebuli codnis gamoyenebis unars;

• kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemis unars;

• miRebuli informaciis Sejamebis unars.

muSaobis forma: individualuri

resursi: mcire zomis baraTebi, kalami, dafa, carci/markeri

msvleloba

• gakveTilis dasrulebisas maswavlebeli dafaze wers SekiTxvas gavlili Temis/sakiTxis Sesajameblad (magaliTad: ra iyo Seswavlili teqstis mTavari saTqmeli?);

• moswavleebi mcire zomis bileTebze~ (Tabaxis furclis meoTxedi zomis qaRaldi) weren pasuxs dasmul SekiTxvaze;

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• klasidan gasvlamde moswavleebi Sevsebul `bileTebs~ toveben gansazRvrul adgilas (saklaso oTaxis karTan axlos, maswavleblis magidaze...);

• maswavlebeli ecnoba Sevsebul `bileTebs~ da axarisxebs maT or kategoriad: `gai-go/aiTvisa~ da `ver gaigo/ver aiTvisa~.

SeniSvna: maswavlebels SeuZlia, sTxovos moswavleebs, baraTze daweron TavianTi `Savi laqebi~, anu is, rac maTTvis yvelaze damabneveli an bundovani aRmoCnda gakveTilze.

gasasvleli bileTebis magaliTebi

• ra kavSiria _______________-sa da _____________-s Soris?

• ram dagabnia im masalaSi, romelzedac dRes vimuSaveT?

• daasaxele sami axali sityva, romlebic dRes viswavleT. Seadgine winadadeba am sityvebis gamoyenebiT.

• dawere mokle reziume wakiTxuli moTxrobis Sesaxeb.

• moiyvane realuri, cxovrebiseuli problemis magaliTi, romelic dRevandel moTxrobaSi ganxiluli problemas hgavs.

gasasvleli bileTebis magaliTebi ukukavSirisTvis

• minda gavigo ufro meti ......is Sesaxeb...

• yvelaze mniSvnelovani ram, rac dRes viswavle...

• me gamikvirda is, rom ...

• me msurs, rom...

• minda, ukeT gamomivides ...

• mqonda idea, romlis gaziarebis saSualebac gakveTilze ar momeca da msurs, axla gagiziaroT:

• dRevandeli gakveTilis saukeTeso nawili

• mWirdeba daxmareba Semdeg sakiTxSi...

SeniSvna: mocemuli aqtivobis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia yvela sagansa da klasSi. sasurve-lia, bileTebi anonimuri iyos.

Sesasvleli bileTebi


Sesasvleli bileTebi aris erTgvari variacia aqtivobisa gasasvleli bileTebi. misi ga-moyenebis dros moswavleebi mcire zomis baraTebze weren maswavleblis mier dasmul SekiTxvaze pasuxs. am SemTxvevaSi moswavleebi gakveTilis dasawyisSi akeTeben refleq-sias wina gakveTilis an saSinao davalebis masalaze da gamoavlenen, rogor aiTvises igi. meTodi exmareba dabali moswrebis mqone moswavleebs, ar moeridoT sakuTari Tundac mcdari warmodgenis gamovlena. igi uviTarebs moswavleebs.


• miRebuli codnis gamoyenebis unars;

• kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemis unars;

• miRebuli informaciis Sejamebis unars.

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resursi: mcire zomis baraTebi, kalami, dafa, carci/markeri

msvleloba

• gakveTilis dasawyisSi maswavlebeli dafaze wers SekiTxvas wina gakveTilze gavlili sakiTxis Sesajameblad.

• moswavleebi mcire zomis `bileTebze~ weren pasuxs dasmul SekiTxvaze.

• maswavlebeli agrovebs baraTebs, Tvals gadaavlebs moswavleTa pasuxebs da cdilobs, zepiri komentarebiT gamoexmauros maT.

SeniSvna: vinaidan bileTebi gakveTilis dasawyisSi gamoiyeneba, am aqtivobas sxvagvarad `gaxsniT baraTebsac~ uwodeben.

Sida wre - gare wre

meTodis/aqtivobis Sesaxeb`Sida wre _ gare wre~ aris gageba-gaazrebis unaris gasaviTarebeli aqtivoba. aseve, gan-maviTarebeli Sefasebis efeqturi meTodi/aqtivobaa.

meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyenebis dros:

• maswavlebels SeuZlia swrafad daadginos, Tu ra ician moswavleebma Temis/Tavis/moTxrobis epizodis gavlis Semdeg;


• moswavleebi ayalibeben da Camoweren kiTxvebs;

• upasuxeben TanaklaselTa SekiTxvebs.


resursi: furceli, kalami

msvleloba

• moswavleebi furcelze Camoweren kiTxvebs ganvlili teqstis/Temis/epizodis Sesaxeb;

• moswavleebi (5-7 moswavle) dgebian wreSi (gare wre). wris SigniT dgeba 5-7 mos-wavle da qmnis Sida wres. Sida da gare wris warmomadgenlebi erTmaneTis pirispir dganan;

• aucilebelia, rom gare wris TiToeul moswavles hyavdes Tavisi mewyvile Sida wreSi;

• maswavleblis niSanze (mag.: taSis Semokvra) gare wris moswavleebi Sida wris mewyvileebs usvamen winaswar momzadebul SekiTxvebs (erTdroulad), Sida wreSi mdgomni ki pasuxoben (1-2 wuTis ganmavlobaSi);

• maswavleblis momdevno niSanze gare wreSi mdgomi moswavleebi gadaadgildebian saaTis isris mimarTulebiT da momdevno Tanaklaselis pirispir dgebian. ase iqmneba Sida da gare wris wevrebis axali wyvilebi;

• aRniSnuli moqmedeba meordeba manam, sanam gare wris wevrebi ar daubrundebian Tavdapirvel mewyvileebs;

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• maswavlebeli dgeba wris SuaSi an moZraobs wris gareT, akvirdeba moswavleebis saubars da akeTebs CaniSvnebs.

• SesaZlebelia, mogvianebiT Sida da gare wreebis moswavleebma gacvalon rolebi.

xuTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani ram

meTodis/aqtivobis Sesaxeb`xuTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani ram~ aris gageba-gaazrebis unaris gansaviTarebeli aqtivo-ba. aseve, ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis efeqturi meTodicaa.


• maswavlebels SeuZlia swrafad daadginos, Tu ra ician moswavleebma Temis/Tavis/moTxrobis monakveTis/epizodis gavlis Semdeg;

• moswavleebi iaqtiureben arsebul codnas;

• moswavleebi teqstidan amokrefen mniSvnelovan informacias;

• gamijnaven mTavar da meorexarisxovan informacias.



msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, furcelze Camoweron xuTi yvelaze mniSv-nelovani ram, rac Seityves wignis an moTxrobis romelime personaJis Sesaxeb. mag.; Tvisebebi, personaJis sityvebi, misi moqmedebebi, is, rasac sxvebi amboben personaJis Sesaxeb, rogor icvleba personaJi droTa ganmavlobaSi da sxv.

• moswavleebi waikiTxaven TavianT mosazrebebs da daasabuTeben, ratom miiCnies mniSvnelovnad esa Tu is sakiTxi.

gavige - ver gavige


aqtivoba `gavige – ver gavige~ aris gageba-gaazrebis unaris gansaviTarebeli aqtivoba. aseve, ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis efeqturi meTodicaa.


• maswavlebels SeuZlia swrafad daadginos, Tu ra ician moswavleebma Temis/Tavis/moTxrobis epizodis gavlis Semdeg;


• gamijnaven mTavar da meorexarisxovan informacias;

• lakonurad ayalibeben mosazrebebs;

• gamoyofen sakiTxebs, romlebic ver gaiges.


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• maswavlebli sTxovs moswavleebs, gaixsenon Seswavlili Tema/epizodi/ nawarmoebi, gamokveTon mTavari azri da Caweron furcelze maqsimum 3 winadadebiT.

• moswavleebi furclis erT mxares 3 winadadebiT Caweren Temis mTavar azrs, meore mxares ki daweren imas, Tu ra ver gaiges konkretul TemaSi/nawarmoebSi.

SeniSvna: SesaZloa, moswavleebma daweron ramdenime SekiTxva, romlebic gauCndaT Temis Seswavlis dros.

cocxali qandakeba/gayinuli epizodi/cocxali suraTebi


meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi dgamen nawarmoebis konkretuli epizodis amsax-vel scenas, Jestebisa da mimikis saSualebiT asaxiereben personaJs.


• swavloben personaJis xasiaTze/grZnobebze dakvirvebas;

• amoicnoben/akvirdebian nawarmoebSi dazustebul an dauzustebel mniSvnelovan detalebs;

• gamoyofen nawarmoebis mniSvnelovan epizodebs;

• ganarCeven erTmaneTisagan ZiriTad da meorexarisxovan informacias.

muSaobis forma: jgufuri

resursi: mcire rekvizitisa da kostiumisTvis saWiro masala

msvleloba

• epizodebad dayofa. moswavleebi maswavlebelis daxmarebiT yofen konkretul nawarmoebs ramdenime epizodad. isini erTiandebian mcire jgufebad da SearCeven `gasacocxlebel~ epizods. SesaZloa es epizodebi jgufebs daunawilos maswavlebelma an SeirCes SemTxveviTobis principiT (mag., furcelze Camoweron epizodebis nomrebi da Cayaron tomsikaSi an qudSi). sasurvelia, jgufebma ar icodnen, vis ra epizodi Sexvda da warmodgenisas scadon gamocnoba.

• warmodgenisTvis mzadeba. moswavleebi Tavad an ufrosis daxmarebiT qmnian warmodgenisTvis saWiro mcire rekvizits, kostiumis saxasiaTo detals, gadian repeticias jgufebSi.

• warmodgena. gundebi morigeobiT gamodian klasis SuagulSi improvizebul scenaze, moswavleebi SeSdebian garkveul pozebSi. danarCenma moswavleebma unda gamoicnon, nawarmoebis romeli epizodia warmodgenili. maswavlebeli iRebs fotoebs.

• Sejameba. mas Semdeg, rac yvela jgufi warmoadgens gayinul epizods~, moswavleebi ganixilaven, Tu romeli scena moewonaT yvelaze metad, ramdenad zustad iyo gadmocemuli personaJis gancdebi, xasiaTi da sxv.

SeniSvna: SeiZleba, moswavleebma gadaRebuli fotoebi daalagon nawarmoebis siuJetis mixedviT.

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Tovlis gundebi


`Tovlis gundebi~ aris gageba-gaazrebis unaris gasaviTarebeli aqtivoba. aseve, ganmavi-Tarebeli Sefasebis efeqturi meTodi/aqtivobacaa.


• maswavlebels SeuZlia, swrafad daadginos, Tu ra ician moswavleebma ganvlili nawarmoebis/sakiTxis Sesaxeb;

• moswavleebi iaqtiureben arsebul codnas;

• moswavleebi werilobiT ayalibeben da megobrebs uziareben sakuTar nawers;

• msjeloben TanaklaselTa mosazrebebis Sesaxeb;

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, mcire jgufebi, mTeli klasi.

resursi: furceli, dafa, carci/markeri

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, dafiqrdnen, ra ician ganvlili sakiTxis/nawar-moebis Sesaxeb da aZlevs ramdenime wuTs mosafiqreblad.

• dafiqrebis Semdeg moswavleebi mewyvilesTan an mcire jgufSi Seajereben mo-sazrebebs. maswavlebeli dadis moswavleebs Soris da usmens maT saubars.

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs daurigebs Tabaxis furclis naxevars da sTxovs, fur-celze daweron erTi (yvelaze mniSvnelovani) ram sakiTxis/nawarmoebis Sesaxeb.

• moswavleebi daweren TavianT mosazrebebs, Semdeg WmuWnian furcels da mesame Tvlaze TavianT `Tovlis gundas~ esvrian maswavleblis mier moniSnul samiznes (mag.; dafaze daxazul wres).

• moswavleebi miirbenen Tovlis gundebTan da aiReben TiTo-TiTos, dgebian wreSi da kiTxuloben imas, rac weria furcelze. maswavlebeli ekiTxeba moswavleebs, eTanxmebian Tu ara isini qaRaldze daweril mosazrebebs.

• maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad Seajamebs maT mier gamoTqmul mosazrebebs da Camowers dafaze/didi formatis qaRaldze.

SeniSvna: SesaZloa aqtivobis gamoyeneba Temis Seswavlis dawyebamdec. mag.; maswavlebeli veSapebis Seswavlamde sTxovs moswavleebs gaixsenon, ra ician veSapebis Sesaxeb.

diorama


`dioramis~ damzadebis dros moswavleebi qmnian samganzomilebian miniaturul scenas wakiTxuli/damuSavebuli teqstis mixedviT.


• iviTareben gageba-gaazrebis unars;

• eCvevian detalebze dakvirvebas da maT Soris kavSirebis aRmoCenas;

• varjiSoben teqstis warmosaxvaSi, gacocxlebaSi.

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muSaobis forma: jgufuri

resursi

• dasamuSavebeli teqsti (mxatvruli an sainformacio);

• mcire zomis yuTi;

• plastelini;

• feradi qaRaldebi/furclebi;

• stikerebi;

• saxatavi fanqrebi, flomasterebi, pastelebi;

• webo;

• mcire zomis figurebi, feradi Zafebi da sxv.

msvleloba

• moswavleebi, maswavleblis daxmarebiT, SearCeven ramdenime epizods Seswavlili mxatvruli an sainformacio nawarmoebidan. SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma Tavad winaswar SearCios scenebi dioramisTvis: Camoweros epizodebis saTaurebi patara furclebze, Cayaros tomaraSi an qudSi da gundebad dayofil moswavleebs daunawilos wilisyriT.

• klasi iyofa ramdenime 3-4 kacian jgufad.

• moswavleebi winaswar momzadebuli masalis gamoyenebiT qmnian nawarmoebis konkretuli epizodis, bunebis suraTis, oTaxis interieris amsaxvel sivrcul makets.

• maswavlebeli akvirdeba muSaobis process da, Tu saWiroa, exmareba moswavleebs.

• samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg jgufebi SearCeven prezentators, romelic klass warudgens Seqmnil dioramas. sasurvelia, moswavleebma isaubron dioramis Seqmnis procesze.

SeniSvna: namuSevrebis Sefaseba SesaZlebelia Semdegi kriteriumebis gamoyenebiT: nawar-moebis SinaarsTan kavSiri, kompoziciuri sisrule (sagnebi, dekoraciebi da maTi ganawi-leba), SemoqmedebiTi/originaluri midgoma.

fotofiniSi


fotofiniSi – esaa teqstis mTavari azrebis an Sinaarsis gamomxatveli fotokadrebi. igi gansakuTrebiT waaxalisebs vizualur-sivrciTi unaris mqone moswavleebs, radgan maT saSualeba eZlevaT, TavianTi codna ilustraciebis meSveobiT gadmoscen.

am aqtivobis meSveobiT moswavleebi:

• eCvevian sakiTxis (teqstis) mniSvnelovani momentebis gamoyofas;

• swavloben dakvirvebas ambis, movlenis ganviTarebaze, movlenaTa Tanmimdevrobaze, movlenaTa Soris mizez-Sedegobriv kavSirebze;

• iviTareben SemoqmedebiT unarebs (warmosaxva, warmodgena, vizualizeba).

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resursi: samuSao furceli, feradi fanqrebi.

msvleloba

• raime Temis, sakiTxis gavlis Semdeg maswavlebeli da moswavleebi msjeloben, Tu rogor SeiZleba, mocemuli Tema advilad dasamaxsovrebeli gaxadon ilustraciebis meSveobiT;

• maswavlebeli akeTebs modelirebas, Tu rogor SearCevs dasasuraTeblad sakvanZo momentebs (gadaxedavs teqsts da xmamaRla msjelobs, teqtis romeli monakveTia ufro mniSvnelovani da efeqturi dasasuraTeblad);

• Semdeg moswavleebs avalebs, damoukideblad SearCion ilustraciiT gadmosacemi ideebi, personaJebi, sakvanZo momentebi;

• sakvanZo momentebis SerCevis Semdeg moswavleebi gansazRvraven, Tu romeli gamosaxulebebis an ilustraciebis meSveobiT SeiZleba maTi gamoxatva;

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs urigebs (an dafaze xazavs) fotofiniSis sqemebs, romlebSic moswavleebi ganaTavseben TavianT namuSevrebs (am sqemas mawavlebeli adgens micemuli davalebis Sesabamisad).

fotofiniSiT SeiZleba gadmoices:

1. nawarmoebis personaJebi;

2. mniSvnelovani movlenebi, siuJetis ganviTarebis safexurebi;

3. mizez-Sedegobrioba;

4. movlenaTa Tanmimdevroba;

5. personaJis TandaTanobiTi cvlileba;

6. nawarmoebis dasawyisi, Sua, dasasruli da sxv.

komiqsi


komiqsi Zalze efeqturi saSualebaa imisaTvis, rom moswavleebma SeZlon teqstis gaaz-reba TavianTi SemoqmedebiTi unarebis aqtiuri gamoyenebiT.

meTodi exmareba moswavleebs:

• warmosaxvisa da SemoqmedebiTi azrovnebis ganviTarebaSi;

• wakiTxuli teqstis mixedviT ilustraciebis SeqmnaSi;

• kiTxvisa da weris motivaciis amaRlebaSi;

• wvrili motorikis ganviTarebaSi.


resursi: furceli, fanqari, saSleli, feradi fanqrebi

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• maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad SearCevs komiqsis Temas. es SeiZleba iyos axlad damuSavebuli nawarmoebi, maswavleblis an romelime moswavlis mier moyolili istoria, skolaSi momxdari raime ambavi, karikatura, ubralod, sakiTxi, romelic maT ainteresebT, aRelvebT da sxv.;

• maswavlebeli SekiTxvebis meSveobiT Seaxsenebs moswavleebs, rom komiqsi Sedgeba gamosaxulebebisa da teqstis kombinaciisagan. agreTve, erTad CamoTvlian komiqsis Seqmnis ZiriTad principebs _ teqstidan mniSvnelovani/sakvanZo monakveTebis gamoyofa, personaJebisa da garemoebebis SerCeva, fantaziis, SemoqmedebiTobis, iumoris gamoyeneba da sxv. (Tuki moswavleebi pirvelad monawileoben amgvar aqtivobaSi, sasurvelia maswavlebelma ufro xangrZlivi dro dauTmos komiqsis detalebze saubars da dafazec Camoweros misi ZiriTadi elementebi);

• Temis SerCevis Semdeg moswavleebi SearCeven teqstis/ambis sakvanZo adgilebs komiqsSi Casaxatad;

• moswavleebi moamzadeben CarCos suraTebis Casaxatad (an maswavlebeli Tavad urigebs maT daxazul furclebs);

• moswavleebi komiqsis suraTebs miaweren teqsts dialoguri buStebis an titrebis saxiT;

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi sxvadasxva formiT waradgenen TavianT namuSevars klasis winaSe (gamofena, wignad akinZuli komiqsebis prezentacia, naxatis gaxmovaneba da sxv.).

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efeqturi aqtivobebi wakiTxvamde, wakiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdeg

jimburkisstatiis`103ThingstoDoBefore/During/AfterReading~mixedviT

qvemoT mocemulia efeqturi aqtivobebi, romlebic exmareba moswavleebs teqstTan muSaobis procesSi, uviTarebs maT wakiTxulis gageba-gaazrebis unars. aqtivobebis ga-moyeneba SesaZlebelia kiTxvis sxvadasxva fazaze. SeiZleba am aqtivobebis gamoyeneba sxvadasxva mizniT da gansxvavebul konteqstSi: saklaso an saSinao davalebis saxiT, individualuri an jgufuri muSaobisTvis. SesaZlebelia aqtivobebis modificireba mos-wavleTa asakis, unar-Cvevebisa da saWiroebebis mixedviT.

citatebi wignis dasawyisidan, Sua nawilidan da dasasrulidan. SearCieT sami citata wignis dasawyisidan, Sua nawilidan da dasasrulidan. axseniT (zepirad an werilobiT), ratom migaCniaT es citatebi mniSvnelovnad.

werilebi. SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva saxis werilis dawera nawarmoebis mixedviT:

• miswereT megobars werili, romelSic urCevdiT an ar urCevdiT Tqven mier wakiTxuli wignis wakiTxvas. axseniT Tqveni pozicia.

• miswereT avtors werili misi wignis ama Tu im aspeqtis Sesaxeb.

• miswereT werili wignis romelime personaJs. esaubreT misi qmedebebis, fiqrebisa da grZnobebis Sesaxeb.

• warmoidgineT, rom wignis erT-erTi personaJi an TviT avtori xarT. SearCieT Tqveni werilis SesaZlo mkiTxveli (auditoria/adresati. mag. momavali mkiTxvelebi, megobari, wignis sxva personaJi da sxv.) da miswereT.

• warmoidgineT, rom mocemuli wignis personaJi xarT. miswereT sxva wignis romelime personaJs, raTa daamyaroT kavSiri nawarmoebebsa da maT personaJebs Soris.

werili prodiusers. miswereT erTgverdiani werili prodiusers, romelSic auxsniT, Tu ratom gamovidoda (an piriqiT, ar gamovidoda) am moTxrobis mixedviT kargi mxatvruli an animaciuri filmi. Tuki nawarmoebs rekomendacias gauwevT, romel monakveTebs datovebdiT da romels amoiRebdiT? ratom?

wignis reklama. SearCieT yvelaze STambeWdavi epizodebi, suraTebi da metaforebi nawarmoebidan; SeqmeniT reklama gansazRvruli samizne auditoriisTvis. SeiZleba reklamis Seqmna gazeTisTvis, JurnalisTvis, bilbordisTvis, satelevizio CanarTisTvis da a. S.

dramatuli monologi. SeqmeniT romelime personaJis monologis teqsti; scadeT, gascdeT wignis teqsts da daamatoT Tqveni Sexedulebebi personaJis fiqrebisa da gancdebis

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Sesaxeb. monologisTvis SearCieT sakvanZo scenebi, romlebic nawarmoebis ZiriTad problemas Seexeba (sasurvelia, SearCioT TiTo scena dasawyisidan, Sua nawilidan da dasasrulidan).

debatebi or furcelze. Tu wignSi ideur-msoflmxedvelobriv winaaRmdegobebs an sakamaTo sakiTxebs SexvdiT, dawereT ori teqsti, romelTagan erTSi erT-erT pozicias axsniT da daicavT, meoreSi ki _ meores.

wignebis bazroba. SearCieT wigni, romelic mogwonT. Tu fiqrobT, rom es wigni sxva bavSvebsac moewonebaT, moamzadeT or-samwuTiani zepiri sareklamo prezentacia. gaakeTeT prezentacia klasSi.

haiku. SearCieT wignis ori an sami personaJi. dawereT haiku TiToeuli personaJis Sesaxeb, romelic gamoxatavs maT grZnobebs da maT Soris damokidebulebebs.

ra aris hakiu? es aris gauriTmavi samstriqoniani leqsi, romelic iaponur tradicias ganekuTvneba. arsebobs haikus ramdenime ZiriTadi qarga. qarTul enas ukeT ergeba haiku, romlis pirveli da mesame striqonebi xuTmarcvliania, xolo meore striqoni _ Svidmarcvliani. tradiciulad, haiku weliwadis droebsa da bunebas Seexeba, Tumca sxva Temebis arCevac Tavisuflad SeiZleba. kidev erTi ram, rac unda gaiTvaliswinoT haikus Seqmnis dros: rogorc wesi, haikus bolo striqonSi gadmocemulia raRac saintereso da sayuradRebo pirvel striqonSi mocemul Temaze.

wignis recenzia. dawereT wignis recenzia samizne auditoriisTvis. SegiZliaT SeexoT nawarmoebis sxvadasxva elements: Temas, struqturas, tons, perspeqtivas, personaJebs, sirTules da a. S.

Zvirfaso avtoro! miswereT werili romelime Tanamedrove mwerals. scadeT auxsnaT, Tu ra gizidavT mis nawarmoebebSi yvelaze metad. daasaxeleT konkretuli gmirebi, epizodebi, problemebi da a.S.

drois RerZi. SeqmeniT drois RerZi, romelic asaxavs nawarmoebis movlenebs da istoriul cnobebs teqstSi asaxuli periodis Sesaxeb.

nawarmoebTan dakavSirebuli xelovnebis nimuSebi. moiZieT nawarmoebis mixedviT Seqmnili xelovnebis nimuSebi, magaliTad mxatvruli an animaciuri filmebi, naxatebi da a. S. aRwereT (zepirad an werilobiT) es nimuSebi da maTi kavSiri nawarmoebTan; SeadareT, ganixileT da imsjeleT.

filmis Treileri. Treileri swrafad da Tanmimdevrulad gviCvenebs filmis saukeTeso epizodebs, rac am filmis naxvis survils aRgviZravs. SearCieT epizodebi kiTxvis procesSi da SeqmeniT Treileris scenari wignis mixedviT.

adaptacia. SeqmeniT nawarmoebis adaptirebuli varianti sxvadasxva auditoriisTvis:

wigni patara bavSvebisTvis

scenaris monaxazi filmis reJisorisTvis

scenaris monaxazi videoklipisTvis

mcire zomis moTxroba

epikuri leqsi

parodia

satiruli Janris Canaxati

saxviTi xelovneba. SeqmeniT nawarmoebis an misi romelime nawilis ilustracia qvemoT mocemuli erT-erTi teqnikis gamoyenebiT:

275

gaakeTeT kadrireba nawarmoebis saukeTeso epizodebis mixedviT;

SeqmeniT komiqsi;

daxateT yvelaze mniSvnelovani epizodi;

daxateT naxati, romelic gamoxatavs personaJis, movlenis an simbolos arsebiT maxasiaTeblebs;

gadaiReT videoklipi.

speqtakli/warmodgena. dadgiT warmodgena, romelic asaxavs personaJis, movlenis an ideis arsebiT maxasiaTeblebs. SegiZliaT SearCioT sxvadasxva Janri:

tradiciuli speqtakli

miuzikli

cekva

simRera

kolaJi. daamzadeT kolaJi nawarmoebSi mocemuli sakiTxebis, metaforebis, suraT-xatebis, simboloebis, personaJebis garSemo. dawereT Tqveni kolaJis samabzaciani prezentacia.

zedsarTavebi. SearCieT xuTi zedsarTavi saxeli Tqven mier wakiTxuli moTxrobisTvis (an personaJisTvis). axseniT Tqeni arCevani da daukavSireT is teqstis konkretul monakveTebs.

Zvirfaso dRiuro! warmoidgineT, rom xarT wignis erT-erTi personaJi. awarmoeT dRiuri CanawerebiT. aRwereT wignSi gadmocemuli movlenebi da aRwereT, rogor zemoqmedebs es movlenebi Tqvenze, rogorc gmirze.

ra iqneboda... dawereT da imsjeleT, rogor Seicvleboda nawarmoebi im SemTxvevaSi, Tu personaJebi sxvanairebi iqnebodnen (eTnikurad, religiurad, genderulad, asakiT, socialuri statusiT da sxv.)

interviu personaJTan. SearCieT erT-erTi personaJi da CamoayalibeT SekiTxvebi da am personaJis pasuxebi, romlebic Seesabameba mis qcevebs/moqmedebebs. gascdiT uSualod wignSi mocemul informacias.

pirovnuli reklama. SearCieT ramdenime personaJi wignidan da moamzadeT pirovnebis wardgena mwerlis mier gadmocemuli maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT.

Caamate. moZebneT moTxrobaSi `xvreli~, sadac esa Tu is personaJi droebiT aRar Cans. aRwereT, ras akeTebs, ras fiqrobs, ras grZnobs da ras apirebs igi am dros.

drois manqana. dawereT scena an ambavi, romelic mogviTxrobs personaJis mogzaurobas dRevandel droSi.

biografia. dawereT romelime TqvenTvis saintereso personaJis mokle biografia. SegiZliaT wignis kiTxvis procesSi daiwyoT da TandaTanobiT SeavsoT an wakiTxvis Semdeg daasruloT.

avtobiografia. SearCieT romelime saintereso personaJi da dawereT misi avtobiografia, romelic moicavs periodebs moTxrobaSi gadmocemuli ambebis dawyebamde, mimdinareobisas da dasrulebis Semdeg.

meore Sansi. dawereT imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor Seicvleboda moTxrobaSi gadmocemuli ambebi im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki moTxrobis dasawyisSi personaJi sxva gadawyvetilebas miiRebda.

276

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eba-

gaa

zreba

mkiTxvelis reaqciis dRiuri. SearCieT teqstSi yvelaze mniSvnelovani sityva/striqoni/movlena/sagani da axseniT, ratom gaakeTeT es arCevani. moiSvelieT konkretuli adgilebi teqstidan.

citatebi da komentarebi. vertikaluri xaziT gayaviT furceli or nawilad. dawereT marcxena svetSi citata teqstidan, xolo marjvena svetSi _ Tqveni komentari.

Zvirfaso klaselo! mimoweris dRiuris an eleqtronuli fostis gamoyenebiT awarmoeT mimowera romelime klaselTan wignis kiTxvis procesSi.

kavSiri mediasTan. gadaxedeT gazeTebs, Jurnalebs, internets da moiZieT statiebi (an sxva masala), romlebic ama Tu im saxiT ukavSirdeba wakiTxul wignSi gadmocemul movlenebs da azrebs. amowereT statiis saTaurebi da gverdze miuwereT Tqveni mosazrebebi wignsa da statiebs Soris kavSiris Sesaxeb.

Caixede tvinSi. daxateT carieli Tavi da SigniT CaxateT/CawereT simboloebi, sityvebi da suraTebi, romlebic, Tqveni azriT, wignis ama Tu im personaJs gonebaSi utrialebs. axseniT da imsjeleT.

ucnauri interviu personaJTan/avtorTan. wamoidgineT, rom wakiTxuli wignis avtori an romelime personaJi xarT. upasuxeT klaselebisa da maswavleblis SekiTxvebs warmosaxviTi perspeqtividan.

mxolod faqtebi. iyaviT Jurnalis an gazeTis reportiori. SearCieT wignidan epizodi da dawereT mis Sesaxeb mokle sagazeTo reportaJi, romelic mxolod ZiriTad faqtobriv SekiTxvebs pasuxobs: vin? ra? sad? rodis? ratom? rogor?

genderuli Canacvleba. gadawereT scena ise, rom SecvaloT personaJTa sqesi. sainteresoa, rogor Seicvleboda wignSi gadmocemuli movlenebi. gamarTeT diskusia.

ToqSou. gamarTeT ToqSou: moswavleebi iTamaSeben maspinZels, avtors, personaJTa rolis Semsruleblebs. waaxaliseT SekiTxvebi auditoriidan.

warmosaxviTi megobari. personaJebidan romels isurvebdiT megobrad? ratom? raze ilaparakebdiT am pirTan?

urTierTswavleba. erT an ramdenime moswavles eZleva davaleba, rom aswavlos (waukiTxos, warudginos) meore jgufs (an mTel klass) nawarmoebis romelime monakveTi. moawyveT swavleba-swavlis Semdgomi diskusia.

277

aqtivobebi da davalebebi teqstTan samuSaod mesame fazaze (wakiTxvis Semdeg)

• miswere werili romelime mTavar personaJs. aseve, dawere sapasuxo werili misgan.

• Secvale teqstis dasasruli.

• warmoidgine, rom ToqSous wamyvani xar. moamzade SekiTxvebi personaJTan saubrisaTvis.

• Seqmeni megzuri (sainformacio furceli) nawarmoebis mTavar personaJTa garemocvaSi samogzaurod.

• gadawere moTxrobis Sinaarsi umcrosi bavSvebisTvis.

• dawere sagazeTo reportaJi moTxrobis romelime movlenis Sesaxeb.

• dawere, ra gadawyvetilebebs miiRebdi personaJis nacvlad.

• gaiTamaSe scena klaselebTan erTad an Tojinebis daxmarebiT.

• gaakeTe dRiuris Canaweri imis Sesaxeb, rasac kiTxulob.

• SearCie ori personaJi. dawere maTi SesaZlo dialogi.

• miswere werili megobars, romelSic urCev, ratom waikiTxos an ar waikiTxos es wigni.

• gaakeTe axali da saintereso sityvebis leqsikoni wignis mixedviT.

• moamzade satelevizio reklama wignis Sesaxeb. warudgine reklama klaselebs.

• rogor fiqrob, waikiTxaven am wigns 100 wlis Semdeg? ratom fiqrob ase? daasabuTe nawarmoebis mixedviT.

• isaubre erTi konkretuli epizodis Sesaxeb, romelic yvelaze ukeT dagamaxsovrda. axseni, ratom dagamaxsovrda es epizodi ase mkafiod.

• miswere werili wignis avtors.

• dawere simReris teqsti nawarmoebis personaJebisa da movlenebis Sesaxeb. gamoiyene romelime simReris melodia da umRere klass.

• waukiTxe scenurad wignis romelime monakveTi klaselebs.

• detalurad daaxasiaTe moTxrobis ori an sami gmiri. Camowere mizezebi imisa, Tu ratom isurvebdi (an ar isurvebdi) maT gacnobas.

• Seqmeni posteri an wignis yda, romelic gamoxatavs moTxrobis kulminacias.

• daxate ramdenime scena moTxrobidan.

• daamzade diorama moTxrobis mixedviT.

278

gag

eba-

gaa

zreba

Seki

Txv

ebis

das

ma k

iTxv

is s

am f

azaz

e

teq

stis

gag

eba-

gaaz

reb

isaT

vis

kargi

mki

Txv

eleb

i er

T-e

rT s

akva

nZo s

trat

egia

s iy

eneb

en: is

ini

svam

en S

ekiT

xveb

s wa

kiTxv

amde,

kiT

xvis

dros

da

waki

Txv

is Se

mdeg

. es

Se

kiTxv

ebi

ZiriT

adad

Se

exeb

a teq

stis

Si

naar

ss,

struqt

uras

, si

tyv

ebis

mn

iSvn

eloba

s da

enobr

iv

maxa

siaT

ebl

ebs.

Se

kiTxv

ebi

sxva

das

xva

mizni

T dai

smis

. ma

Ti

mTav

ari

dan

iSnu

leb

aa im

is ga

geba

, Tu ras

am

bobs

av

tori

da

rogo

r

ayal

ibeb

s ig

i sa

Tqm

els.

teq

stis

wak

iTxv

amd

eki

Txv

is d

ro

swa

kiT

xvis

Sem

deg

mniS

vnel

ova

nia:

gav

aaqt

iur

o w

inar

e c

od

na a

m ko

nkr

etu

li

Tem

is, a

seve

, teq

stis

st

ru

qtu

ris

ga

rSe

mo; g

amo

vkve

To

teq

stT

an d

akav

Sir

ebu

li

mol

od

ineb

i.

ra

varau

deb

i mi

Cndeb

a am

etap

ze?

rome

li

tip

is n

awar

moeb

ia: mx

atvr

ul

i,

sain

forma

cio

Tu p

oet

uri?

rogo

r m

ivxv

di?

ra

informa

cia

maq

vs u

kve

am T

emis

Ses

axeb

? ra

maxs

endeb

a? r

a as

ocia

cie

bi m

iCnd

eba?

ra

Seki

Txv

ebi

maqv

s am

etap

ze

teq

stis

Si

naar

sTan

dak

avSi

reb

iT?

ras

meu

bneb

a sa

Tau

ri, s

arCe

vi, il

ust

rac

iebi

?

ra

informa

cia

gaa

mdid

reb

da

da

gaaR

rma

vebd

a Ce

ms c

odna

s am

sak

iTxz

e?

rat

om

vkiT

xul

ob

am t

eqst

s? r

a mi

zan

i ma

qvs?

ra

mol

odin

i ma

qvs,

ra

infomr

acia

s mi

viReb

am

teq

stid

an?

ra

Seki

Txv

ebze

gamc

ems

pasu

xs e

s teq

sti?

ra

vici

am a

vtoris

a da

misi

nam

uSe

vreb

is

Sesa

xeb?

Cemi

azriT

, rat

om

daw

era

avtorma

es

nawa

rmo

ebi?

teq

stis

gad

axed

vis

Sedeg

ad r

a el

emen

teb

i dam

exma

reb

a wa

kiTxv

aSi?

mniS

vnel

ova

nia:

yu

rad

Reb

a mi

vaqc

io i

mas,

Tu

ram

den

ad

kar

gad

via

zr

eb w

akiT

xul

s. T

u s

aTan

ado

d v

er v

iaz

reb

, ar

u

nda

avCq

ard

e. a

jo

bebs

, ro

m Se

vCer

de,

mo

viSv

elio

kiT

xvis

st

rat

egie

bi, k

arga

d g

avia

zr

o t

eqst

i d

a mx

ol

od

ami

s Se

mdeg

ga

nvag

rZo

kiT

xva.

raz

e dam

afiq

ra

teq

stis

das

awyi

sis

waki

Txv

am?

ram

dam

aint

eres

a?

ra

varau

deb

i mi

Cndeb

a? r

a mo

xdeb

a Se

mdeg

?

teq

stis

rome

li

det

aleb

is v

izual

izeb

a, a

nu

warmo

saxv

aSi

gacocxl

eba

dam

exma

reb

a ga

azreb

aSi?

ra

azreb

i ga

moma

qvs

waki

Txu

li

abzac

idan

/mona

kveT

idan

? Se

miZl

ia T

u a

ra

Seva

jam

o, an

u C

emi

sityv

ebiT

mokl

ed

vTqv

a wa

kiTxu

lis

Sin

aarsi

?

rome

li

sami

sit

yva

gadmo

scem

s am

mona

kveT

is/a

bzac

is

mTav

ar a

zrs?

xom

ar S

emxv

da

iseT

i ucno

bi s

ityv

a, r

oml

is

mniS

vnel

obi

s codna

nam

dvi

lad

saW

iroa

teq

stis

mTav

ari

azris

gas

ageb

ad?

xom

ar m

Wirdeb

a Se

Cereb

a da

ucno

bi

sityv

is m

niSv

nel

obi

s ga

sage

bad k

ont

eqst

is, l

eqsi

koni

s an

sxv

a wy

aroeb

is g

amoye

neba

? ra

dam

exma

reb

a ucno

bi

sityv

is m

niSv

nel

obi

s ga

geba

Si?

Semi

Zlia

Tu a

ra

Seva

jam

o, an

u C

emi

sityv

ebiT

, mo

kled

vT

qva

is, rac

ukv

e wa

viki

Txe

?

rome

lia

yve

laz

e mn

iSvn

elova

ni a

zreb

i?

ra

axal

i faq

teb

i aR

mova

Cine

?

xom

ar m

Wirdeb

a wi

nadad

ebis

an

abzac

is x

elax

la

waki

Txv

a mi

si S

inaa

rsi

s ga

saaz

reb

lad

?

xom

ar m

Wirdeb

a ki

Txv

is S

enel

eba

misi

Sin

aarsi

s ga

saaz

reb

lad

?

mniS

vnel

ova

nia:

gam

ove

xmau

ro

wa

kiT

xul

s; d

avak

avSi

ro

mis

i Si

naar

si s

xva

teq

steb

Tan

da

idee

bTan

; gav

iRr

mavo

sak

iTxi

s c

od

na,

gava

anal

izo

da

Seva

fas

o g

admo

cem

ul

i id

eebi

; Sev

afas

o t

eqst

is g

aaz

reb

is

xar

isxi

.

ram

den

ad g

asca

pasu

xi a

m teq

stma

wa

kiTxv

amde

das

mul

Sek

iTxv

ebs?

ram

den

ad g

amar

Tl

da

waki

Txv

amde

da

kiTxv

is d

ros

Camo

yal

ibeb

ul

i va

rau

deb

i?

ra

iyo a

m teq

stis

mTav

ari

idea

da

ZiriT

adi

saTqm

eli?

ra

zoga

di

das

kvne

bis

gamo

tan

a Se

iZl

eba?

ra

mizez

-Sed

egobr

ivi

kavS

ireb

i da

kano

nzomi

ereb

ebi

dam

anax

a teq

stma

?

ra

teq

steb

s da

idee

bs d

avuka

vSir

e am

teq

stis

Sin

aarsi

?

raz

e vf

iqrob

da

raz

e ms

urs

msjel

oba

am

teq

stis

wak

iTxv

is

Semd

eg?

rogo

r g

admo

sca

avtorma

saT

qmel

i?

ra

xerxe

bi g

amoiy

ena?

ra

aris

am

teq

stis

zoga

di

Tem

a?

vurCe

vdi

sxve

bs a

m teq

stis

wak

iTxv

as?

rat

om?

279

gageba-gaazrebis unaris Semowmeba da Sefaseba

gageba-gaazrebis unaris Semowmebis/Sefasebis yvelaze gavrcelebuli xerxis mixedviT, moswavles vTxovT Sesaferisi sirTulis teqstis wakiTxvas da Semdeg vusvamT am teqstis SinaarsTan dakavSirebul SekiTxvebs. SekiTxvebi SeiZleba exebodes teqstSi pirdapir mocemul, faqtobriv informacias an dafarul, nagulixmev azrebs, romlebze pasuxic analizs da Cawvdomas moiTxovs. arsebobs Semowmebis sxva xerxebic. magaliTad, SeiZleba moswavles vTxovoT, rom wakiTxuli teqsti sakuTari sityvebiT gadmosces an Seajamos da mTavari azri daasaxelos. kidev erTi gavrcelebuli testia `dakarguli sityvebi~, romelic moswavlisgan teqstSi gamotovebuli adgilebis Sesaferisi sityvebiT Sevsebas moiTxovs. es teqsti Segvxvda leqsikuri maragis Sefasebis instrumentebs Sorisac. mas warmatebiT viyenebT gageba-gaazrebis Sesamowmebladac.

zogjer teqstis gageba-gaazrebis Semowmeba/Sefaseba kombinirebulia teqstis gamarTulad wakiTxvis SemowmebasTan. aseT SemTxvevaSi moswavle xmamaRla waikiTxavs teqsts da maswavlebeli CainiSnavs daSvebul Secdomebs. amis Semdeg maswavlebeli ramdenime SekiTxvas dausvams moswavles. umjobesia, Tu kombinirebul tests mesame klasidan gamoviyenebT. saqme isaa, rom damwyebi mkiTxvelisTvis advili ar aris xmamaRla wakiTxuli teqstis saTanado doneze gaazreba. roca bavSvebi xmamaRla kiTxuloben, rogorc wesi, uSecdomod wakiTxvaze arian koncentrirebulni da gageba-gaazrebas nakleb yuradRebas aqceven. amitom kombinirebuli testebi mas Semdeg unda gamoviyenoT, rac xmamaRla wakiTxvaSi ase Tu ise gaiwafebian moswavleebi. gageba-gaazrebis testi yvelaze efeqturia maSin, roca bavSvi sxvas ki ar ukiTxavs, aramed TavisTvis kiTxulobs.

gaazrebis Sefaseba advili ar aris. is xom metad kompleqsuri unaria. garda amisa, is arafris raodenoba ar aris. qvemoT warmodgenilia ramdenime teqstis nimuSi gageba-gaaazrebis unaris SefasebisTvis.

teqstis mosmena da gaazreba

testis daniSnuleba: sxvis mier xmamaRla wakiTxuli teqstis mosmeniT gageba-gaazrebis unaris Semowmeba. es unari wakiTxuli teqstis gageba-gaazrebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani sayrdenia. Cveulebriv, mosmenili teqstis gagebis testireba win uswrebs wakiTxuli teqstis gagebis tests. Tu moswavle mosmeniT kargad iazrebs, xolo wakiTxuls cudad, mizezi dekodirebisa da gamarTuli kiTxvis komponentSi unda veZeboT. SesaZloa, bavSvs am kuTxiT esaWiroebodes daxmareba.

testis tipi: individualuri. zepiri. ar axlavs moswavlis furceli.

testis Catarebis vadebi: pirveli, meore da mesame klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba saswavlo wlis dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba SeiZleba Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi. saWiroebisamebr, SesaZlebelia testis Catareba meoTxe klasSic.

testis xangrZlivoba: ramdenime wuTi

testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) maswavleblis furceli wasakiTxi teqstiTa da dasasmeli SekiTxvebiT.

testis Casatareblad saWiroa:

• mxatvruli teqsti (zRapari, igavi an moTxroba), romelic Seicavs TxrobiTi teqstis ZiriTad elementebs (mTavari personaJi, garemoebebi, problema, sakvanZo

280

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eba-

gaa

zreba

moqmedebebi, problemis gadawyveta...). teqstis zoma pirveli klasisTvis: 80-120 sityva, meore da mesame klasisTvis: 120-200 sityva.

• xuTi SekiTxva: 2 eqsplicituri (sityva-sityviTi gagebis Sesamowmeblad. mag., ra Cauwyo dedam wiTelqudas kalaTSi?), 2 implicituri (analitikuri gagebis Sesamowmeblad. mag., ratom gauSva mgelma wiTelquda grZeli gziT? an ratom moatyua mgelma wiTelquda?), 1 leqsikuri (sityvis mniSvnelobis gagebis Sesa-mowmeblad. mag., ras niSnavs sityva `msunagi~?).

testis Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli win daisvams moswavles da eubneba: `axla me wagikiTxav saintereso moTxrobas/zRapars. yuradRebiT moismine da scade, daimaxsovro. mere ramdenime SekiTxvas dagisvam da Sen mipasuxeb. mzad xar? maSin daviwyoT.~

maswavlebeli zomieri siCqariT, xmamaRla, gamometyvelebiT ukiTxavs moswavles teqsts. kiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg usvams SekiTxvebs. moswavlis mier gacemuli pasuxebis mixed-viT is akeTebs CaniSvnebs Tavis furcelze.

mxatvruli (TxrobiTi) teqstis gageba-gaazrebis testi

testis daniSnuleba: TxrobiTi (mxatvruli) teqstis gageba-gaazrebis unaris Semowmeba. es aris kiTxvis swavleba-swavlis ZiriTadi komponenti.

testis tipi: jgufuri. weriTi.

testis Catarebis vadebi: qarTuli ena da qarTuli, rogorc meore ena: mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba TiToeuli semestris dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba sasurvelia Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi.

testis xangrZlivoba: 15-20 wuTi

testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) moswavlis samuSao furceli wasakiTxi teqstiTa da SekiTxvebiT, b) wammzomi/saaTi.

testis Catarebis procedura: Tavdapirvelad moswavleebs urigdebaT TxrobiTi teqstis gageba-gaazrebis testis samuSao furclebi. Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs ukiTxavs testTan dakavSirebul miTiTebebs. maswavlebeli Tvalyurs adevnebs dros, romelic micemuli aqvT moswavleebs. drois amowurvis Semdeg maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom daasrulon wera da Seagrovebs testis furclebs.

maswavleblis miTiTebebi moswavleebs. `bavSvebo, axla TqvenTvis, Cumad unda waikiTxoT moTxroba da Semdeg upasuxoT SekiTxvebs am moTxrobis Sesaxeb. yovel SekiTxvas aqvs sami savaraudo pasuxi. airCieT is pasuxi, romelic, Tqveni azriT, sworia. SegiZliaT, testis furclebze imuSaoT da moniSvnebi gaakeToT. Tu SeiZleba, swori pasuxebi garkveviT moniSneT testis furcelze. am savarjiSos Sesasruleblad Tqven 20 wuTi gaqvT. me SegaxsenebT drois gasvlas. mixvdiT, ra unda gavakeToT? axla yvelam miCveneT kalmebi. mzad xarT? maSin, SegiZliaT, daiwyoT. imuSaveT mSvidad~. 10 wuTis Semdeg maswavlebelma unda Tqvas `savarjiSos dasrulebamde Tqven 10 wuTi gaqvT.~ 20 wuTis gasvlis Semdeg maswavlebeli ityvis: dro amoiwura. gTxovT SewyvitoT wera da CamabaroT Tqveni namuSevrebi. gmadlobT.~

qulebis miniWeba

moswavleebi yovel sworad gacemul pasuxSi 1 qulas iReben.

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TxrobiTi teqstis gageba-gaazreba

dakvirvebiTwaikiTxeteqstidaupasuxeSekiTxvebs.

ditos wigniditos bevri wigni hqonda. TviTon kiTxulobda, magram sxvas ar akarebda, ityoda

xolme: wigns damisvrian, furclebs damiWmuWnian da gamifuWebeno. es kargad icodnen misma megobrebma, eridebodnen Txovnas da ar awuxebdnen mas.

erTxel ditosTan nika mivida da wigni sTxova, – klaselebs sul Camovuare, magram ver viSovneo. dito ki TviTon kiTxulobda am wigns, ardadegebi dawyebuliyo da undoda, sofelSi waeRo.

nikam didxans aTvaliera wigni, xan ydas dascqeroda, xan ki ferad-ferad suraTebs. ditos patara daikoc sul Tavs dastrialebda nikas, undoda rogorme TviTonac xelT egdo da daeTvalierebina feradi suraTebi, magram vin miakarebda axlos!

nikasTvis rom migecaT es wigni, dResve waikiTxavda, mTel Rames gaaTenebda, magram dito xom am saRamos sofelSi midioda, amitom Txovna aRar gaumeora.

megobrebi derefanSi saubris Semdeg erTmaneTs daemSvidobnen, nikam megobars kargi dasveneba usurva da wavida.

cota xnis Semdeg ditos Tavisi wigni moagonda, eZeba, magram versad miagno. dedasac hkiTxa da daikosac. aravin araferi icoda. eWvi megobarze aiRo, saswrafod daureka, iqneb gamgzavrebamde moaswros dabrunebao:

– nika, mTeli saRamoa wigns veZeb da ver vpoulob; mgonia, Sen waiRe da gTxov, damibruno.

nikam uari uTxra:

– ara, kargad maxsovs, rom wamosvlis win magidaze davtove.

gabrazebulma ditom ar daujera da yurmili daagdo.

saRamos mTeli ojaxi matarebelSi isxda, sofelze fiqrSi dito ise gaerTo, rom sul gadaaviwyda wignis ambavi.

diliT ukve sofelSi iyvnen. bebias saxlic gamoCnda. sixaruliT Sexvdnen bebos, imdeni kocnes, kinaRam waaqcies moxuci. ditom bargis amolageba daiwyo da uceb Tavis wigns ar xedavs?! gauxarda, magram nika gaaxsenda da moiRuSa:

– qeTi, aq saidan gaCnda, Sen xom ar Cade?

daiko jer uarze iyo, Semdeg tirili waskda:

_ me Cavde, me, – slukunebda qeTi, – nika rom gaacile, wigni magididan aviRe da furcvla davuwye. uceb Seni fexis xma rom momesma, SemeSinda, vicodi, gamibrazdebodi, magidaze dadeba veRar movaswari da iqve CanTaSi Cavagde.

dito gaognebuli idga, mixvda, rom tyuil-ubralod awyenina megobars. veRar moisvena, mamas telefoni sTxova da nikas daureka, yvelaferi auxsna, Tan moubodiSa:

– mapatie, nika, Zalian vinerviule wignis dakargvis gamo, Tavgza amebna, avCqardi da daufiqreblad gawyenine.

_ mixaria, rom wigni ipove. marTali giTxra, Zalian davibeni, cotaTi mewyina kidec, magram Cven karg megobrebad davrCebiT, _ upasuxa nikam.

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SearCie swori pasuxi da Semoxaze Sesabamisi aso (a, b an g).

1. rogor iqceoda dito, rodesac misgan wignis Txovna surdaT?

a) aravis aTxovebda, TavisTvis kiTxulobda.

b) zogjer megobrebs mainc aTxovebda xolme.

g) mxolod patara das aTxovebda xolme.

2. sad da rodis aRmoaCina ditom Tavisi dakarguli wigni?

a) matarebelSi Cajdomis win.

b) sofelSi, rodesac dam simarTle gaumxila.

g) sofelSi, rodesac Tavisi bargi amoalaga.

3. ramdenjer sTxova nikam ditos wigni im dRes?

a) erTxel, meored moerida da aRar gaumeora.

b) orjer, misvlisas da wamosvlisas.

g) arcerTxel, undoda eTxova, magram ver gaubeda.

4. ras gvaswavlis es moTxroba?

a) sakuTari bargi yovelTvis Tavad unda Caalago da amoalago.

b) wignebi aucileblad unda aTxovo klaselebsa da megobrebs.

g) jer simarTle unda gaarkvio da Semdeg gadawyvito, rogor moiqce.

5. nikam ganmeorebiT aRar sTxova ditos wigni, radgan icoda, rom:

a) dito saRamos sofelSi midioda da wignis wakiTxvas ver moaswrebda.

b) wigni saRamos ditos das unda waekiTxa.

g) wigns sxva Tanaklaselisganac iTxovebda.

6. ratom daabrala ditom nikas wignis aReba?

a) nikam telefoniT saubris dros ditos pasuxi ar gasca da yurmili daagdo.

b) dam uTxra, rom wigni nikam waiRo.

g) nikas wasvlis Semdeg, wigni veRar ipova.

7. nika da dito arian:

a) Tanaklaselebi b) mezoblebi g) naTesavebi

283

8. rodesac qeTi Zmas gamoutyda, rogor aRwera Tavisi saqcieli?

a) magidasTan davjeqi, wigni gadavfurcle, Seni fexis xma rom momesma, magidaze dadeba ver movaswari da CanTaSi Cavagde.

b) wigni magididan aviRe, gadavfurcle, Seni fexis xma rom momesma, SemeSinda, magidaze dadeba veRar movaswari da CanTaSi Cavagde.

g) jer wignis ydas davacqerdi, mere ki ferad-ferad suraTebs, Seni fexis xma rom momesma, CanTaSi Cavagde.

9. sofelSi Casulma ditom nikas daureka, raTa

b) eTqva misTvis, rom wigni ipova da aRar enerviula.

b) ekiTxa, romeli moTxroba unda waekiTxaT ardadegebze.

g) eRiarebina, rom arasworad moiqca da bodiSi moexada.

Sevsebuli testis nimuSi

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informaciuli teqstis gageba-gaazrebis testi

testis daniSnuleba: informaciuli (aramxatvruli) teqstis gageba-gaazrebis unaris Semowmeba. es aris kiTxvis swavleba-swavlis erT-erTi ZiriTadi komponenti.

testis tipi: jgufuri. weriTi.

testis Catarebis vadebi: qarTuli ena da qarTuli, rogorc meore ena: mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse klasebi. sasurvelia skriningis Catareba TiToeuli semestris dasawyisSi. diagnostikuri testireba sasurvelia Catardes ramdenjerme saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi.

testis xangrZlivoba: 15 wuTi

testis Casatareblad saWiro resursi: a) moswavlis samuSao furceli wasakiTxi teqstiTa da SekiTxvebiT, b) saaTi/wammzomi.

testis Catarebis procedura: moswavleebs urigdebaT informaciuli teqstis gageba-gaazrebis testi. Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs ukiTxavs testTan dakavSirebul miTiTebebs. moswavleebi Cumad kiTxuloben teqsts. Semdeg pasuxoben daxurul kiTxvebs wakiTxulis Sesaxeb. maswavlebeli Tvalyurs adevnebs dros, romelic micemuli aqvT moswavleebs. 15 wuTis gasvlis Semdeg maswavlebebeli Seagrovebs moswavleTa furclebs.

maswavleblis miTiTebebi moswavleebs. `Tqven dagirigdaT moswavlis furclebi, romelSic aris informaciuli teqsti da davaleba. gTxovT, TqvenTvis Cumad waikiTxoT da upasuxoT teqstis Semdeg mocemul SekiTxvebs. SekiTxebs axlavs sami savaraudo pasuxi. am samidan airCieT da SemoxazeT is, romelic, Tqveni azriT, sworia. SegiZliaT, testis furclebze imuSaoT da moniSvnebi gaakeToT. Tu SeiZleba, swori pasuxebi garkveviT SemoxazeT testis furcelze. am savarjiSos Sesasruleblad 15 wuTi gaqvT. me SegaxsenebT drois gasvlis Sesaxeb. gasagebia, ra unda gavakeToT? axla yvelam miCveneT kalmebi. mzad xarT? maSin, SegiZliaT, daiwyoT. imuSaveT mSvidad.~ Semfasebeli Tvalyurs adevnebs dros, romelic micemuli aqvT moswavleebs. 10 wuTis Semdeg Semfasebelma unda Tqvas: `davalebis dasasruleblad Tqven 5 wuTi gaqvT~. dawyebidan 15 wuTis gasvlis Semdeg Semfasebeli ityvis: dro amoiwura. gTxovT, SewyvitoT wera da CamabaroT Tqveni namuSevrebi.~

qulebis miniWeba

moswavleebi yovel sworad gacemul pasuxSi 1 qulas iReben.

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nimuSi: III klasi

informaciuli teqstis gageba-gaazreba

dakvirvebiTwaikiTxeteqstidaupasuxeSekiTxvebs.

telefoni

adamianebisTvis telefoni aucilebeli nivTia, is sWirdeba did-sac da patarasac. Znelia, warmoidgino, rogor cxovrobda xalxi telefonis gareSe. albaT, gainteresebT misi istoria. Turme te-lefoni pirvelad amerikelma mecnierma aleqsandre graham belma gamoigona.

telefoni aris mowyobiloba, romelic adamianis saubars ele-qtronul signalebad gadaaqcevs. es saSualebas iZleva, rom ori erTmaneTisagan did manZilze myofi adamiani erTmaneTs elaparakos.

sadeniani telefonebi

1872 wels aleqsandre graham beli da misi megobari tomas uotsoni eqsperimentebs atarebdnen. isini sxvadasxva oTaxidan cdilobdnen erTmaneTTan dakavSirebas. erT-erTi eqsperimenti warmatebuli aRmoCnda da pirveli sityvebi telefoniT belma warmoTqva: `misteruotson,modiTaq,Tqveninaxvamsurs~.

oTxi wlis Semdeg amerikaSi samoci aTasi telefoni iyo. darekva maSin sul sxvagvarad xdeboda: telefoniT vinmesTan rom gesaubra, jer operatorTan unda dagereka da da misTvis geTxova dakavSireba. TandaTanobiT telefoniT dakavSireba advili gaxda da ada-mianebi Tavisuflad, Seferxebebis gareSe axerxebdnen erTmaneTTan saubars. Tumca, aseTi telefonis tareba SeuZlebeli iyo, radgan is specialuri xazis gareSe ar muSaobda.

usadeno telefonebi

erTma Cveulebrivma inJinerma martin kuperma gadawyvita, Seeqmna iseTi aparati, romlis yvelgan waRebas SeZlebda.

firma `motorolaSi~ oci wlis muSaobis Semdeg martin kuperma CikagoSi patara zomis fiWuri telefoni Seqmna. pirveli mobiluris saxelwodeba `dina-taki~ iyo. mas da-satenad 10 saaTze meti sWirdeboda. amis Semdeg `motoro-lam~ pirvelma daiwyo mobiluri telefonebis warmoeba.

amJamad, Znelad warmogvidgenia Cveni Tanamedroveoba mobiluri telefonis gareSe, is Cveni cxovrebis ganuyo-feli nawilia. msoflios wamyvani kompaniebi ki kvlav mu-Saoben mobiluri telefonis gaumjobesebasa da zomebis Semcirebaze.

sityvebis ganmarteba

eqsperimenti - cda

operatori – adamiani, romelic telefonze mosaubreebs erTmaneTTan akavSirebda

sadeni – satelefono xazi, kabeli

Cikago – qalaqi amerikaSi

fiWuri telefoni – mobiluri telefoni

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waikiTxe SekiTxvebi. SearCie swori pasuxi da Semoxaze Sesabamisi aso (a,b an g).

1. raze mogviTxrobs mocemuli teqsti?

a) aleqsandre graham belis moRvaweobis Sesaxeb

b) telefonis mwarmoebeli kompaniebis Sesaxeb

g) telefonis Seqmnisa da ganviTarebis Sesaxeb

2. teqstis pirvel nawilSi saubaria

a) sadeniani da usadeno telefonis msgavsebis Sesaxeb

b) telefonis daniSnulebis Sesaxeb

g) sadeniani telefonis Seqmnis Sesaxeb

3. pirvel ilustraciaze gamosaxulia telefoni:

a) romelsac adamianebi saubrisas yvelgan atarebdnen

b) romelsac dasatenad 10 saaTze meti sWirdeboda

g) romliTac adamianebi specialuri sadenis gareSe ver saubrobdnen

4. rodis gamoigones pirveli telefoni?

a) me–18 saukuneSi

b) me–19 saukuneSi

g) me–20 saukuneSi

5. romel wels iyo amerikaSi 60000 telefoni?

a) 1872 wels

b) 1876 wels

g) 1882 wels

6. ratom gadawyvita martin kuperma mobiluri telefonis Seqmna?

a) undoda, rom mobiluris pirveli gamomgonebeli yofiliyo.

b) undoda, rom telefoniT operatoris gareSe esaubra.

g) undoda, rom telefonis yvelgan waReba SeZleboda.

suraTi. Sevsebuli testis nawilia.

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kombinirebuli testebi kiTxvis unaris swrafad SefasebisTvis

qvemoT mocemulia testis nimuSi, romlis gamoyeneba sasargebloa kiTxvis unaris Sefa-sebisTvis saswavlo wlis sxvadasxva monakveTSi.

kiTxvis ZiriTadi unarebis Sefasebis testi (II-VI klasebi)

es aris individualuri testi, romelic kiTxvaSi moswavleTa miRwevis diagnostire-bisa da monitoringis saSualebas iZleva. am instrumentis gamoyenebiT SegviZlia xuT wuTamde intervalSi davadginoT moswavlis mdgomareoba da gamovkveToT samizne wer-tilebi swavlebis gasaumjobeseblad. testiT SesaZlebelia moswavleTa miRwevebis Se-mowmeba kiTxvis sam sakvanZo komponentSi: sityvebis wakiTxvaSi (cnoba da/an dekodireba), gamarTul kiTxvasa da gageba-gaazrebaSi. am testirebis Sedegad dagrovili informaciis safuZvelze SeiZleba moswavlis progresis monitoringi garkveuli periodulobiT. es, Tavis mxriv, saSualebas gvaZlevs, davgegmoT da warvmarToT moswavlis saWiroebebze orientirebuli aqtivobebi.

mocemuli testis organizeba da Catareba sakmaod martivia. maswavlebeli sTxovs moswa-vles, rom xmamaRla waikiTxos teqsti (klasis kiTxvis donis) da Semdeg moyves, rac daamaxsovrda wakiTxulidan. uSualod kiTxvis procesSi maswavlebeli akvirdeba da CainiSnavs gamarTulad wakiTxvis maxasiaTeblebs. wakiTxvis Semdgomi aqtivobebis dros maswavlebeli CainiSnavs gageba-gaazrebis maxasiaTeblebs.

qvemoT mocemulia konkretuli instruqciebi da formebi, raTa Tqven advilad SeZloT: testis momzadeba, Catareba, qulebis miniWeba da Sedegebis analizi.

instruqcia testis momzadebisa da CatarebisTvis

1. teqstis SerCeva. teqstis SesarCevad SegiZliaT oridan erT–erT gzas mimarToT:

a) SearCioT mza teqsti sabavSvo wignebidan/Jurnalebidan, Zveli saxelmZRvane-loebidan, internetis saitebidan an damatebiTi sakiTxavi wignebidan. ar aris sasurveli, rom teqsti saskolo saxelmZRvanelodan aiRoT;

b) SearCioT mza teqsti specialurad doneebis mixedviT dalagebuli teqstebidan.

sasurvelia, rom SerCeul teqsts hqondes is maxasiaTeblebi, romlebzec wina testebis aRweraSi gvqonda saubari. Tu aseTi teqsti ver moiZieT, sasurvelia, gaakeToT teqstis adaptireba. adaptirebis sami ZiriTadi xerxia: grZeli winadadebebis danawevreba, rTu-li leqsikuri erTeulebis Secvla bavSvebisTvis nacnobi leqsikuri erTeulebiT, rTu-li gramatikuli formebis gamoyenebiT awyobili winadadebebis gamartiveba.

SekiTxvebis momzadeba. moifiqreT da dawereT 5-6 SekiTxva SerCeuli teqstisTvis. Seki-Txvebis dasawerad gamoiyeneT qvemoT mocemuli miTiTebebi:

o 2-3 SekiTxva unda Seexebodes teqstSi eqspliciturad, zedapirze mocemuli in-formaciis amoRebas;

o 2 SekiTxva unda Seexebodes teqstSi impliciturad, nagulisxmevi informaciis/azrebis Cawvdomas, interpretacias da daskvnebis gamotanas;

o 1 SekiTxva mocemul konteqstSi leqsikuri erTeulis (sityvis) mniSvnelobis gaazrebisTvis.

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SekiTxvebi unda Seesabamebodes erovnul saswavlo gegmaSi asaxul misaRwev Sedegebs da Sesabamis indikatorebs.

samuSao furclebis momzadeba. daamzadeT ori samuSao furceli: moswavlis da maswavle-blis (nimuSebi ix. qvemoT).

2. dasviT moswavle. sTxoveT, rom daiwyos kiTxva. dainiSneT dro (CarTeT wammzomi). grafaSi `Secdomebi sityvebis wakiTxvaSi~ CamousviT TiTo xazi moswavlis mier Sec-domiT wakiTxul TiTo sityvaze. SegiZliaT, CainiSnoT moswavlis mier daSvebuli konkretuli Secdomebi (miawereT moswavlis mier wakiTxuli varianti). Tu moswavle Seyovnda romelime sityvasTan da ver kiTxulobs mas 3 wamis ganmavlobaSi, waukiTxeT es sityva da sTxoveT, rom gaagrZelos kiTxva. roca moswavlem TviTonve gaasworebs SecdomiT wakiTxul sityvas, Secdomad aRar eTvleba. kiTxvis dawyebidan erTi wu-Tis gasvlis Semdeg dasviT teqstSi figuruli frCxili (]) moswavlis gauCereblad (moswavle Cveulebrivad gaagrZelebs kiTxvas teqstis dasasrulamde). testirebis dasrulebis Semdeg daTvaleT erT wuTSi sworad wakiTxuli sityvebis (wsws) raode-noba da CawereT es ricxvi Sesabamis grafaSi. CawereT 0, 1 an 2 gamarTuli kiTxvis darCenil or grafaSi imis mixedviT, ramdenad gabmulad da gamometyvelebiT waiki-Txa moswavlem teqsti (0 _ ar gamovlinda, 1 _ nawilobriv gamovlinda, 2 _ srulad gamovlinda).

3. gadadiT gageba-gaazrebis nawilze. gamoarTviT moswavles teqsti da sTxoveT, moyves, rac daamaxsovrda. Txrobis dasrulebis Semdeg hkiTxeT, kidev xom ar gaixsenebs rames wakiTxulidan. CawereT 0, 1 an 2 grafaSi `Txroba~ (0 _ saerTod ver gadmosca an bundovnad gadmosca mxolod ramdenime detali, 1 _ nawilobriv gadmosca, Tanmimdevroba da detalebi ar iyo zusti, 2 _ gadmosca Tanmimdevru-lad, srulad, konkretuli detalebis CaTvliT).

4. dausviT moswavles teqstis gageba–gaazrebis SekiTxvebi. SekiTxvebi unda Seexe-bodes: teqstSi gadmocemul ZiriTad detalebs, moTxrobis mTavar ideas, movle-nebis Tanmimdevrobas, implicituri azrebis Cawvdomas da sityvebis mniSvnelobis gaazrebas. CawereT bolo grafaSi moswavlis swori pasuxebis raodenoba.

289

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testirebis procesSi gasaTvaliswinebeli sakiTxebi

wyaro:maswavleblisgzamkvlevi`wignierebadawyebiTklasebSi~.

norvegiisltolvilTasabWo,2011

• kiTxvis dawyebamde dasviT moswavle Tqvens mopirdapire mxares an miujeqiT gverdiT, odnav moSorebiT; gauRimeT, raTa SeuqmnaT pozitiuri ganwyoba da mouxsnaT SfoTva;

• uTxariT, rom Tqven ar apirebT mis gamocdas da niSnis daweras. ubralod gaintere-sebT, Tu rogor mimdinareobs kiTxvis swavlis procesi da ramdenad kargad igebs is (moswavle) wakiTxuls. amisTvis ki sTxovT, rom erTi saintereso teqsti waikiTxos;

• sTxoveT moswavles, teqsti xmamaRla waikiTxos. amasTan, ecados, rom kargad gaiazros, radgan wakiTxvis Semdeg Tqven ramdenime SekiTxvas dausvamT teqstTan dakavSirebiT;

• uTxariT moswavles, rom ar iCqaros da waikiTxos Cveulebrivi tempiT, ise, rogorc saxlSi kiTxulobs xolme;

• kiTxvis dawyebamde SegiZliaT dausvaT teqstis SinaarsTan dakavSirebuli ramdenime SekiTxva. magaliTad, Tu teqsti aris weroebze, SegiZliaT hkiTxoT: `raime xom ar gagigia weroebis Sesaxeb?~, `multfilmi an filmi xom ar ginaxavs maTze an raime xom ar wagikiTxavs?~ da a.S. pasuxebis gacemisas SeaqeT da waaxaliseT moswavle;

• Secdomebis CaniSvnis paralelurad daakvirdiT kiTxvis im aspeqtebs, romlebic gain-teresebT. magaliTad: kiTxulobs Tu ara moswavle gamometyvelebiT/intonaciiT? ra qcevebs avlens (nerviulobs, icvlis pozas, aqnevs fexs, periodulad wyvets kiTx-vas, teqsts TiTs ayolebs, svams SekiTxvebs, kiTxvebze pasuxisas yoymanobs da a.S.)? SeniSvnebis grafaSi CainiSneT moswavlis mier gamovlenili qcevebi da metyvelebis Taviseburebani;

• kiTxvis procesSi SegiZliaT waaxalisoT moswavle martivi JestikulaciiT (magali-Tad, Tavis daqneviT), damowmebiT da sxv.

• kiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg gauRimeT moswavles da SeaqeT igi;

• dausviT SekiTxvebi winaswar dadgenili TanmimdevrobiT (gaxsenebaze orientirebu-li >>> leqsikaze orientirebuli >>> gageba-gaazrebaze orientirebuli). mieciT moswavles dro dafiqrebisTvis. CainiSneT sworad gacemuli pasuxebis raodenoba. Tu moswavlem romelime SekiTxvas araordinaluri/ucnauri pasuxi gasca, CainiSneT SeniSvnebis grafaSi;

• kidev erTxel gauRimeT moswavles. SeaqeT, miuxedavad imisa, kargad waikiTxa da war-matebiT gipasuxaT SekiTxvebze Tu ara;

• nu gaawyvetinebT bavSvs saubars SekiTxvis dazustebis an pasuxis arasworad for-mulirebis gamo. moerideT moswavlis mier daSvebuli Secdomebis xazgasmas (mag., `arasworad amoikiTxe~, `ratomRac ver mpasuxob kargad SekiTxvebze~, `imitom ver arTmev Tavs davalebas, rom uyuradRebod xar~, `Sengan ukeTes Sedegs movelodi~ da a.S.). nu dagaviwydebaT, rom amjerad Tqven testis administratori xarT da Tqveni umTavresi funqcia procesze dakvirveba da arsebuli viTarebis kvlevaa.

291

• raarisweradarogoriwyebsbavSviweras?

• ratomaaaucilebeliwerisswavlebiskiTxvasTan

integrireba?

• rogorundavaswavloTweramoswavleebs?romelia

werisswavlebisyvelazeefeqturimeTodebi?

• rogorSevafasoTwerisunari?

Tavi VII

weris swavleba

dawyebiT safexurze

292

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wav

leba

weris swavlebis aqtivobebis cxrili


ilustracia da karnaxi furceli, fanqrebi/flomasterebi 295

miniSnebebi Tavisufal Temaze weri-saTvis

suraTi/foto, rveuli296

moswavlis piradi dRiuri rveuli/bloknoti, kalami 297

wera baraTis mixedviT suraTiani baraTebi, rveulebi 299

xuTstriqoniani leqsi da misi varia-cia brilianti

furceli, kalami299

grafikuli leqsebi furceli, kalami 303

xuTsafexuriani wera furceli, kalami 305

weris eqvsi aspeqti furceli, kalami 307

roli, auditoria, forma, Tema (RAFT)rveuli, kalami, dafa da carci/for-matis qaRaldi da markeri

313

ideebi SemoqmedebiTi werisTvis Temebis CamonaTvali 314

samwuTiani wera rveuli, dafa, carci 315

swrafi wera rveuli, kalami 316

wera ilustraciebis mixedviTsaintereso ilustraciebi, furceli, kalami

316

moTxrobis/zRapris CarCo

dafa, rveuli, furceli/Sesavsebi sqema

(sqemebis amosabeWdi versiebi ix. da-narTSi)

318

dawere moTxrobaTvisebebis, garemoebebisa da proble-mebis nusxa, furceli, kalami

318

leqsikuri erTeulebiT ambis SeTxzva da dasaTaureba

sityvebis baraTebi, furceli, kalami 323

12-sityviani reziume (Sejameba) furceli, kalami 323

qargebi (Sablonebi) werisTvis samuSao furceli qargiT 325

293

weris unaris ganviTareba: ra? rodis? rogor?

weris swavleba erovnuli saswavlo gegmis erT-erTi sakvanZo komponentia. pirveli kla-sidan moswavleebs weris sabaziso unarebTan erTad TandaTanobiT uviTardebaT werilo-biT azris gadmocemis, naweris gadasinjva-gadamuSavebis, sxvadasxva sakiTxze weriT swa-vlis unarebi. erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT, moswavles unda SeeZlos: sxvadasxva saxis teqstis SeTxzva, Seswavlili teqstis Sinaarsis dawera, sakuTari mosazrebebisa da STabeWdilebebis werilobiT gadmocema, weris strategiebis (gegmis Sedgena, naweris ga-damuSaveba da redaqtireba...) gamoyeneba, winadadebebis gamarTulad ageba, punqtuaciis ZiriTadi wesebis dacva da a. S.

mokled davaxasiaToT weris unaris Casaxvisa da ganviTarebis procesi. 5-6 wlis bavSvi mzad aris, nabij-nabij ganaviTaros da daxvewos weris ori mTavari komponenti:

• simboloebis/niSan-xatebis sworad gamosaxva da maTi sxvadasxva kombinaciis Seqmna;

• azris mwyobrad Camoyalibeba da gadmocema (mniSvnelobis konstruireba).

saskolo asakisTvis bavSvs orive mimarTulebiT saWiro unar-CvevebTan erTad sakmao ga-mocdilebac aqvs. amaSi dasarwmuneblad sakmarisia, oTxi-xuTi wlis bavSvis saxatav rve-ulSi CavixedoT. iq aRmovaCenT saintereso niSnebs, romlebic Tvisobrivad gansxvavdeba naxatebisgan. zogierTi maTgani ukve waagavs bavSvis garemocvaSi arsebul konvenciur (wesadqceuli SeTanxmeba) asoniSnebs. aseve, aRmovaCenT naxatebze miweril `frazebs~, romelTa gaSifvra met-naklebad SesaZlebelia. sakmarisia, bavSvs hkiTxoT am `naweris~ Sinaarsi, igi didi xalisiT agixsniT mas.

meore komponentis ganviTarebas xels uwyobs zepiri interaqcia, ufrosebTan da Tana-tolebTan komunikaciis dros azrTa gacvla-gamocvla. garda amisa, bavSvebi urTier-Toben wignebis samyarosTan da dawerili teqstebidan warmodgenas iqmnian teqstis struqturis, winadadebebis wyobis, sasveni niSnebis Sesaxeb. amitom bavSvisTvis wignebis wakiTxvas, maTze saubars, Sesaferisi wignebis wasakiTxad SeTavazebas da zogadad weris swavlebis kiTxvasTan gadajaWvas gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs.

weris swavleba xangrZlivi da rTuli procesia. igi moiTxovs sistematur muSaobas, mravalferovani aqtivobebis gamoyenebas, raTa moswavle daeuflos sxvadasxva saxis _ daniSnulebisa da stilis mixedviT gansxvavebuli _ teqstebis Seqmnas. am miznis misaRwe-vad bavSvma TandaTanobiT unda gaacnobieros naweris yvela ZiriTadi maxasiaTebeli, rogorebicaa: Tema da idea, struqtura da Sinaarsi, toni da stili, orTografia da punqtuacia. sakuTari naweris nabij-nabij dasaxvewad bavSvma unda gamoimuSaos is te-qnikebi, romlebsac iyenebs rogorc kargi mwereli,1 aseve kargi mweralic ki. amitom kiTxvis swavlebis msgavsad weris swavlebac pasuxismgeblobis nabij-nabij gadacemis models efuZneba. es procesi mimdinareobs modelirebis, erToblivi varjiSis, marTuli praqtikis, damoukidebeli weris ciklebis uwyveti monacvleobiT. dReisaTvis farTod gavrcelebuli da efeqturi meToduri midgomebia: weris saxelosno (xuTsafexuriani wera), weris eqvsi aspeqti, RAFT-i, dRiurebis wera da a. S. garda amisa maswavleblebi we-ris swavlisa da weriT swavlisaTvis aqtiurad iyeneben vizualur sqemebs, weris rubri-kebs, moswavlis namuSevrebis portfolioebs da im mravalferovan meTodebs, romlebic qvemoTaa warmodgenili.

1 adamiani, romelic daostatebulia sxvadasxva daniSnulebis teqstebis weraSi, icavs saTanado sti-lsa da orTografiul wesebs. miuxedavad amisa, SeiZleba ar iyos kargi mwerali.

294

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qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavlebelTaTvis

qarTulis rogorc meore enis maswavlebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos da gamoiyenos is fa-qtori, rom moswavles gamomuSaveli aqvs (an paralelurad umuSavdeba) mSobliur enaze weris unari. Sesabamisad, qarTul enaze weris Seswavlisas moswavleebs weris swavlis garkveuli gamocdileba ukve aqvT. am gamocdilebas isini aucileblad gamoiyeneben qar-Tulad weris drosac.

sasurvelia, qarTulad da mSobliur enaze weris swavleba warimarTos erTgvarovani midgomebiTa da meTodebiT. meore enaze weris dawyeba unda Semzaddes zepirmetyvele-bis sawyisi unarebis ganmtkicebiTa da leqsikuri maragis dagrovebiT. amis paralelu-rad mimdinareobs fonologiuri unarebis ganviTareba, anbanuri principis aTviseba da aso-bgerebis Seswavla. meore enazec ki wera ar unda daviwyoT mxolod calkeuli asoe-bis uazro gamoweriTa da maTi dazepirebiT. saWiroa weris swavlebis konteqstualiza-cia da masi avTentur Sinaarsze morgeba. amisTvis gasaTvaliswinebelia ramdenime rCeva:

• moswavle weris procesSi Tavs unda grZnobdes komfortulad, rogorc fizikuri (kargi kalami, mosaxerxebeli1 xeli, jdoma...), aseve emociuri (Seaqeben, mouwone-ben...) TvalsazrisiT.

• moswavles unda esmodes, ras wers da risTvis wers.

• weris aqtivoba integrirebuli unda iyos sxva enobrivi mimarTulebebis swavle-basTan. amisTvis gamoviyenoT nebismieri SesaZlebloba, magaliTad, Tu bavSvebi xataven, mivuweroT an vTxovoT, miaweron sityvebi, Tu kiTxuloben, amoviweroT saWiro frazebi, Tu saubroben, CavawerinoT gamoTqmuli sityvebi da a. S.

• yuradReba gavamaxviloT ara Secdomebze, aramed weris dros gamovlenil Zalisx-mevasa da Sedegze, gansakuTrebiT weris swavlis sawyis etapze.

• davafiqsiroT Secdomebi ara xazgasasmelad da kritikuli SeniSvnebis misacemad, aramed momavalSi maTi aRmofxvrisTvis saWiro aqtivobebis dasagegmad. gasaTva-liswinebelia, rom meore enaze Secdomebis gamosworeba ver moxerxdeba garkveuli enobrivi gamocdilebis dagrovebis gareSe, rac, SesaZloa, wlebis ganmavlobaSic ki gagrZeldes. amitom unda miveCvioT dawyebiT klasebSi weris dros daSvebuli zogierTi Secdomis saerTodac ugelebelyofas.

1 dominanturi xeli, romliTac bavSvs ufro exerxeba xatva, wera, nivTis srola da sxva moqmedebebis Sesruleba.

295

weris swavlebis efeqturi meTodebi/aqtivobebi

ilustracia da karnaxi 1


am aqtivobis gamoyenebisas moswavleebi qmnian teqstis epizodebis Sesabamis ilustra-ciebs da moifiqreben maT aRmwer winadadebebs. maswavlebeli weris modelirebis mizniT minawers akeTebs moswavleTa namuSevrebze.

es aqtivoba moswavles exmareba:

• imis gacnobierebaSi, rom naweri teqstiT raRac azris gadmocema SeiZleba;

• ilustraciisa da teqstis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebaSi;

• gavrcobili winadadebebis Camoyalibebis unaris ganviTarebaSi;

• damoukidebeli azrovnebisa da SemoqmedebiTi unarebis ganviTarebaSi.


resursi: furceli, fanqrebi/flomasterebi.

msvleloba

• maswavleblis mier teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg moswavleebi saubroben imaze, Tu romeli epizodi miaCniaT teqstSi yvelaze sainteresod, Semdeg ki zepirad aRweren am epizods.

• yvelaze sainteresod miCneul epizods moswavleebi furcelze xataven.

• maswavlebeli dadis merxebs Soris da moswavleebs avalebs, ukarnaxon TiTo winadadeba, romelic aRwers maT mier daxatul ilustracias.

• maswavlebeli moswavlis nakarnaxeb winadadebas misi ilustraciis qveS miawers. Tu moswavleebi gamoTqvamen survils, Tavadac `Caweron~ (rogorc gamouvaT) ilustraciis aRmweri winadadebebi, maswavlebeli waaxalisebs maT. mniSvnelovania, maswavlebelma yuradReba ar gaamaxvilos marTlweris, kaligrafiis wesebis dacvaze;

• maswavlebeli aCvenebs moswavleebs ilustraciebs da xmamaRla waukiTxavs qveS miweril teqstebs;

• TavianT `Caweril~ winadadebebs moswavleebi klasSi xmamaRla `kiTxuloben~ da Tan aCveneben ilustracias.

SeniSvna: saanbano periodis Semdeg moswavleebi Tavadve waikiTxaven teqsts da miaweren ilustraciebs aRmwer winadadebebs. SeiZleba gaimarTos msjeloba, ramdenad sworad aRwers moswavlis Cawerili winadadeba mis mierve Seqmnil ilustracias.

1 weris swavliTvis mosamzadebeli am aqtivobis mizani ara imdenad weriTi unarebis ganviTarebaa, ramdenadac naweris funqciisa da misi wakiTxvis SesaZleblobis gacnobiereba. misi am formiT Cata-reba advili ar iqneba qarTulis, rogorc meore enis gakveTilze. amitom rekomendebulia, rom igi mSobliuri enis gakveTilebze ganxorcieldes anda moswavleebma umartivesi `Canawerebi~ gaakeTon da waikiTxon isini, magaliTad: `biWi~, `mze~, `Rrubeli~ da sxv.

296

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leba

miniSnebebi Tavisufal Temaze werisaTvis


es aris erT-erTi saukeTeso instrumenti, ro-melic moswavleebs aZlevs Semoqme debiTi TviT-gamoxatvis saSualebas. moswavleebi weren mcire zomis ambavs, leqss, moTxrobas maswavleblis mier SeTavazebuli suraTis/miniSnebis mixed-viT. miniSnebebi sxvadasxva saxisaa. magaliTad, Tu maswavlebeli gamoiyenebs marjvena mxares mocemul suraTs, mas SeuZlia sTxovos moswa-vleebs, moifiqron da gadmoscen istoria am na-vis Sesaxeb.

mocemuli aqtivoba efeqturad gamoiyeneba Se-fasebis instrumentadac. igi kargad warmoaCens, Tu ramdenad kargad iyeneben moswavleebi axal leqsikur erTeulebs da weris efeqtur stra-tegiebs.


• iviTareben warmosaxvis unars;

• gamoxataven sakuTar emocias, gancdebs, mosazrebebs;

• akvirdebian sakuTar emociebs da cdiloben Sesabamisi leqsikis SerCevas.

muSaobis forma: individualuri, jgufuri, mTeli klasi.

resursi: suraTi/foto, rveuli.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs aCvenebs romelime naxatis reproduqcias an saintereso fotosuraTs da sTxovs moswavleebs, daakvirdnen mas.

• moswavleebi akvirdebian suraTs, warmoidgenen ra SeiZleba momxdariyo suraTze gamoxatul scenaSi da weren ambavs.

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg msurvelebi warudgenen TavianT namuSevrebs klass `saavtoro skamis~ meSveobiT.

SeniSvna: sasurvelia maswavlebelma weris dawyebamde moswavleebs misces mimaniSnebeli instruqcia.

magaliTebi

1. dawere ambavi suraTis mixedviT. airCie erT-erTi am sa-Taurebidan: 1) spanjbobi erToba; 2) mxiaruli megobrebi; 3) yvelaze maRali me var!

2. xoWoebi! Seni azriT, ra xdeba biWis Tavs suraTze? iq-neb Tavs esxmian xoWoebi? an iqneb fokuss atarebs? iqneb ubralod xoWoebs umegobrdeba? dawere moTxroba da ag-visxeni, ra xdeba.

297

meore enis SemswavlelTaTvis, klasisa da kompetencie-bis Sesabamisad, magaliTebi iqneba SedarebiT martivi.

moswavlis piradi dRiuri


dRiuri weris swavlebis erT-erTi saukeTeso saSuale-baa pirveli klasidanve. zog qveyanaSi mas weris swavle-bis wamyvan saSualebadac ki iyeneben. dRiuri kargi saSualebaa weris SedarebiT for-malizebul safexurze (magaliTad, weris xuTsafexurian modelze an, Tundac, eseebis, Txzulebebis weraze) gadasasvlelad.

am aqtivobis sistematuri gamoyenebiT moswavle:

• iwafeba werasa da kiTxvaSi;

• iTvisebs gramatikul normebs da iwafeba marTlweraSi;

• iZens Tavdajerebulobasa da gabedulebas werisas;

• eZleva Tavisufali, damoukidebeli azrovnebisa da refleqsiis saSualeba;

• ukeT xedavs da acnobierebs sakuTari cxovrebis mniSvnelovan aspeqtebs.


resursi: rveuli/bloknoti, kalami.

msvleloba

• moswavle dRiurisaTvis sakuTari gemovnebiT SearCevs rveuls an bloknots;

• igi dRiurSi wers imaze, rac ainteresebs da razec surs wera. iSviaT SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli didi sifrTxiliT SesTavazebs mas sawer Temas;

• moswavleebi dRiurSi Canawers akeTeben yoveldRiurad an kviraSi ramdenjerme mainc. mniSvnelovania ara Canaweris moculoba, aramed sistematuroba;

• dRiuris weris dasawyebad sakmarisi araa mxolod instruqcia. maswavlebelma unda Caataros modelireba _ unda gaakeTos ramdenime Canaweri da xmamaRla waukiTxos moswavleebs. aseTi modelireba pirvel klasSi kviraSi erTxel keTdeba, momdevno klasebSi ki _ naklebi sixSiriT;

• moswavleebi TavianT Canawerebs aformeben naxatebiT, ornamentebiT, stikerebiT. yvela Canawers uTiTeben TariRs;

• maswavlebeli msurvelebs aZlevs saSualebas, TavianTi dRiuris Canawerebi waukiTxon klass an romelime moswavles (survilisamebr);

• maswavlebeli periodulad agrovebs dRiurebs da Sig Cawers an Caakravs ganmaviTarebel, wamaxalisebel komentarebs;

• werilobiTi Tu zepiri ukukavSirisas maswavlebeli yuradRebas ZiriTadad amaxvilebs Canawerebis Sinaarsze da ara weris teqnikur da formalur mxareebze;

• komentarebi mxolod ganmaviTarebeli, wamaxalisebeli unda iyos. dauSvebelia niSnebis an sxva saxis ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis gamoyeneba.

• Casworebebis Semdeg moswavle xelaxla kiTxulobs Tavis nawers, raTa gaecnos maswavleblis SeniSvnebs, Sesworebebs da SemdgomSi gaiTvaliswinos.

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SeniSvna:

• moswavlis dRiurSi Secdomebis gasworeba mizanSewonili ar aris, radgan SesworebebiT aWrelebuli Canaweri moswavles ukargavs motivacias, an misi yuradReba weris teqnikur aspeqtebze gadaaqvs;

• SesaZlebelia saklaso oTaxSi gamoiyos sagangebo adgili (karadis Taro, ujra), sadac moswavleebi periodulad daawyoben dRiurebs, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu surT klaselebisTvis sakuTari naazrevis, emociis gaziareba.

Temebi piradi dRiuris CanawerebisTvis

• Cemi megobari

• aseTi ram arasodes ganmicdia

• minda giTxraT, rom

• ra mwyins, ra mixaria

• rogor velodi am dRes

• araferi gamovida

• ratom ver xvdebian

• minda myavdes

• arasodes damaviwydeba

• axlovdeba zafxuli

• roca wvims

• yvelaze metad miyvars

• me girCevT

variacia _ literaturuli dRiuri

literaturul dRiurSi moswavleebi weren refleqsias, sakuTar mosazrebebs nawarmoe-bis Temis, ideis, personaJis (misi qmedebebis, grZnobebis) Sesaxeb.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dRiurSi Casawerad moswavleebs sTavazobs sxvadasxva Temas:

o romel personaJs Sexvdebodi? raze daelaparakebodi?

o gaixsene, ras varaudobdi, ras fiqrobdi kiTxvis procesSi;

o gamoTqvi varaudebi wignis dasrulebamde;

o ganmarte sakvanZo leqsikuri erTeulebi;

o dawere, rogor gadaWra mTavarma personaJma problema;

o dawere refleqsia da SekiTxvebi konkretuli Temis garSemo da sxv.;

o dawere, ratom urCevdi am wignis wakiTxvas sxvas;

o mouyevi am wignis Sesaxeb Seni ojaxis wevrebs da Cawere maTi STabeWdile-bebi.

• moswavleebi literaturul dRiurSi weren garkveuli periodulobiT (mag.: kvira-Si orjer, Temis Seswavlis periodSi).

299

wera baraTis mixedviT


`wera baraTis mixedviT~ gulisxmobs naxatiani baraTebis gamoyenebas sxvadasxva weriTi davalebis Sesasruleblad.

meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi iviTareben:

• weris unars;

• warmosaxvis unars;

• Sesabamisi leqsikis SerCevis unars;

• prezentaciis unars.


resursi: suraTiani baraTebi, rveulebi.

msvleloba

• zusti sityvis SerCeva. maswavlebeli moswavleebs aZlevs ramdenime baraTs (mag., cxovelebis gamosaxulebiT). moswavleebma unda Camoweron 3 sityva da 3 fraza am cxovelis aRsawerad. maswavlebeli sTxovs bavSvebs, davalebas miudgnen Semoqme-debiTad;

• wera baraTis mixedviT. maswavlebeli moswavleebs aCvenebs suraTian baraTs da sTxovs daweron winadadebebi suraTis aRsawerad. moswavleebi weren, sanam maswa-vlebeli ar Seawyvetinebs weras. Semdeg moswavleebi sakuTar namuSevars warud-genen klass;

• baraTze gamosaxuli suraTis aRwera. maswavlebeli moswavleebs aCvenebs suraTian baraTs da sTxovs maT gamoTqvan sakuTari ideebi. SearCion sityvebi suraTis aRsawerad. Semdeg dawyvildnen, gauziaron erTmaneTs sakuTari mosazrebebi da mewyvilesTan erTad Seadginon mokle ambavi SerCeuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT.

• moTxrobebi baraTebiT. maswavlebeli amzadebs suraTian 5-10 baraTs, romlebzec gamosaxulia personaJebi da adgilebi. moswavleebi individualurad an wyvilebSi SearCeven sityvebs, romlebsac gamoiyeneben weris procesSi. Semdeg moswavleebi Txzaven mokle moTxrobebs baraTebze gamosaxuli suraTebis mixedviT.

xuTstriqoniani leqsi da misi variacia `brilianti~


`xuTstriqoniani leqsi~ aris meTodi, romlis saSualebiTac moswavleebi SemoqmedebiTi formiT gamoxataven sakuTar codnas da damokidebulebas ama Tu im sakiTxis garSemo. igi efeqturad gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva sagnobriv jgufSi.

meTodi xels uwyobs moswavleebs:

• sakiTxis/Temis gageba-gaazrebaSi;

• sakuTari ganwyoba-damokidebulebis saintereso formiT gamoxatvaSi;

• gramatikuli formebis (arsebiTi saxeli, zedsarTavi saxeli, zmna) dauflebasa da gamoyenebaSi.

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msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTavazobs moswavleebs Temas/sakiTxs, romlis Sesaxebac maT unda Seqmnan xuTstriqoniani leqsi.

• xuTstriqoniani leqsis Sesaqmnelad moswavleebma sityvebiT unda Seavson qvemoT mocemuli grafikuli sqema (maswavlebels sqema dafaze/didformatian qaRaldze aqvs dawerili)

sqemis pirvel xazze iwereba sakvanZo Temis/sakiTxis Sesabamisi sityva (arsebiTi saxeli).

meore xazze iwereba ori zedsarTavi saxeli, romlebic aRwers sakvanZo sityvas (zedsar-Tavi saxeli).

mesame xazze iwereba sami zmna, romlebic gamoxatavs sakvanZo qvemdebaris moqmedebebs (zmna).

meoTxe xazze iwereba oTxsityviani fraza, romelic gamoxatavs moswavlis asociacias/damokidebulebas/Sexedulebas sakvanZo sakiTxis mimarT.

mexuTe xazze iwereba sakvanZo Temis/sakiTxis dedaazri; an pirvel xazze dawerili sity-vis sinonimi (arsebiTi saxeli).

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg msurvelebi klass warudgenen TavianT namuSevrebs.

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magaliTi

xuTstriqoniani leqsis variacia _ `brilianti~

`brilianti~ xuTstriqoniani leqsis SedarebiT garTulebuli versiaa. igi efeqturad ga-moiyeneba saganTa, movlenaTa, personaJTa detalurad aRsawerad, sawinaaRmdego mniSvne-lobis mqone cnebebis (binaruli opozitebis) Sesapirispireblad, wakiTxul nawarmoebze reagirebisTvis da a.S.

sqemis pirvel xazze iwereba sakvanZo Temis/sakiTxis Sesabamisi sityva.

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bolo xazze iwereba pirvel xazze dawerili sakvanZo arsebiTi saxelis Semcvleli sityva.

meore xazze iwereba ori zedsarTavi saxeli, romlebic aRwers sakvanZo sityvas.

mesame xazze iwereba sami zmna, romlebic gamoxatavs sakvanZo qvemdebaris moqmedebebs.

analogiurad, qvemodan meore xazze dawerili zedsarTavebi aRwers sakvanZo sityvis Sem-cvlel qvemdebares.

qvemodan mesame xazze dawerili sami zmna ki gamoxatavs sakvanZo sityvis Semcvleli qvem-debaris moqmedebebs.

centralur, meoTxe striqonze iwereba oTxsityviani fraza, romelic gamoxatavs moswa-vlis asociacias/damokidebulebas/Sexedulebas sakvanZo sakiTxis mimarT.

SeniSvna: mniSvnelovania, vidre moswavleebi `briliantis~ sqemis damoukideblad Sevse-baze gadavlen, maswavlebelma Tavad aCvenos magaliTi da gzadagza mkafiod ganumartos, sad ras da ratom wers. agreTve, gaacnos `briliantis~ ramdenime efeqturi nimuSi.

magaliTebi

1. quCis bavSvi

gayinuli, daZonZili

daZrwis, iTxovs, arTmevs,

misi ocnebebi aravis axsovs.

malavs, eZebs, wvalobs,

gariyuli patara

mawanwala

2. mze

didi, kaSkaSa

asxivebs, aTbobs, aferadebs

cxeli varskvlavi, grili Tanamgzavri

ireklavs, icvleba, gvafiqrebs

idumali, mbJutavi

mTvare

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3.

grafikuli leqsebi


grafikuli leqsi aris mxatvruli teqsti, romelsac specifikuri forma (moy-vaniloba) aqvs. leqsis garegnuli mxare unda Seesabamebodes mis mTavar Temas. mag., Citis Sesaxeb dawerili leqsi garegnulad Cits unda hgavdes, Rrublis Se-saxeb leqsi _ Rrubels da a.S. vinaidan aseTi leqsis Seqmna werisa da xatvis ele-mentebs aerTianebs, is metad saxaliso aqtivobaa bavSvebisaTvis. SedarebiT ma-Ral klasebSi meTodi efeqturad gamoiyeneba mxatvruli xerxebis asaTviseblad. vidre moswavleebi daiwyeben am tipis leqsebis damoukideblad weras, mniSvnelovania, maswavlebelma gamoiyenos pasuxismgeblobis nabij-nabij gadacemis modeli, kerZod, mka-fiod auxsnas bavSvebs, Tu ra aris am tipis leqsi da rogor iqmneba igi, xmamaRla fiqris meSveobiT TvalsaCinod daanaxos misi Seqmnis procedura da CarTos bavSvebi am proces-Si, SesTavazos bavSvebs erToblivi praqtika.

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ix. nimuSi (vasil guleuris leqsebi `oboba~ da `soko~)


• daeuflebian SemoqmedebiTi weris unars;

• gaivarjiSeben teqstis originaluri formiT gadmocemis unars;

• ganiviTareben ideis mxatvrulad gadmocemisaTvis sityvebisa da frazebis SerCevis unars;

• gaimdidreben leqikur marags;

• ganiviTareben detalebis warmosaxvaSi gacocxlebis unars.



msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom SearCion Tema grafikuli leqsisaTvis. Temis SerCevis variantebi: a) Tavisufali; b) maswavleblis mier winaswar Camowerili; g) moswavleTa mier `gonebrivi ieriSis~ gamoyenebiT Camowerili; d) maswavleblis mier SeTavazebuli erTi konkretuli Tema.

• moswavleebi xataven SerCeuli Temis Sesabamis eskizs.

• moswavleebi Camoweren SerCeul TemasTan dakavSirebul sityvebsa da frazebs, romlebsac Semdeg gamoiyeneben mxatvruli teqstis Sedgenis dros. Cveulebriv, es sityvebi aRwers SerCeul sagans/movlenas, mis maxasiaTeblebs, moqmedebebs, daniSnulebas da sxv.

• moswavleebi mxatvrulad gadaamuSaveben Camoweril sityvebs, Seqmnian teqsts.

• moswavleebi Seqmnil teqsts gadaweren imgvarad, rom man winaswar daxatuli eskizis saxe miiRos.

SeniSvna 1: mniSvnelovania, rom eskizis xatvis dros moswavleebs hqondeT sruli Tavisufleba.

SeniSvna 2: SesaZlebelia am aqtivobis weris xuTsafexurian modelze morgeba imgvarad, rom is moicavdes urTierTgaziarebis, ukukavSiris, gadamuSavebisa da redaqtirebis fazebs.

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg msurvelebi warudgenen klass TavianT namuSevrebs.

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xuTsafexuriani wera

meTodis Sesaxeb

xuTsafexuriani wera aris weris swavlebis erTi konkretuli midgoma, romelic mniSvne-lovnad amdidrebs da aumjobesebs weris swavleba-swavlis process. aRniSnuli meTodi gulisxmobs moswavlis (damweris) mier Tanmimdevrulad dalagebuli weris 5 safexuris ga-vlas. midgoma efeqturad gamoiyeneba nebismieri asakis moswavleebTan 7-8 wlis asakidan.1



weris xuTi safexuri

1. ideebis generireba weris dawyebamde

2. pirveli variantis dawera

3. gadamuSaveba saboloo variantis Seqmnamde

4. redaqtireba

5. gamoqveyneba/gaziareba

1. ideebis generireba weris dawyebamde

es safexuri moicavs yvela im moqmedebas, romelsac damweri uSualod weris dawyebamde asrulebs. am dros moswavle weris dawyebisTvis emzadeba, kerZod:

• iRebs gadawyvetilebas, Tu ris Sesaxeb dawers.

• gansazRvravs mkiTxvelTa auditorias, anu vin waikiTxavs nawers.

• akeTebs gonebriv ieriSs Temis Sesaxeb individualurad an sxvebTan erTad.

• Camowers, sad SeiZleba TemasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis moZieba.

• gamoikvlevs sakiTxs.

• xatavs, qmnis Tematur sqemas.

• CamoTvlis yvelafers, rac Txzulebis Sinaarss ukavSirdeba.

• qmnis semantikur an asociaciur rukas.

2. pirveli variantis dawera

am safexurze moswavle:

• sakuTari sityvebiT werilobiT gadmoscems Txzulebis Sinaarss.

• wers winadadebebsa da abzacebs.

• kiTxulobs sakuTar nawers da afasebs, ramdenad gadmoscems dawerili teqsti mis saTqmels.

• uCvenebs nawers sxvebs, raTa miiRos konstruqciuli komentarebi da rCevebi mis dasaxvewad.

1 asakobrivi niSnuli SedarebiT aiwevs qarTulis, rogorc meore enis SemswavlelebisTvis. sasargeblo iqneba am meTodis mSobliuri enis gakveTilebze gamoyenebac.

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3. gadamuSaveba / daxvewa


• kvlav ubrundeba nawers da kiTxulobs mas;

• dafiqrdeba ukukavSirsa da rCevebze;

• gadaakeTebs sityvebsa da winadadebebs;

• amoiRebs an Caamatebs monakveTebs;

• Caanacvlebs an amoiRebs zedmetad gamoyenebul an gaugebar sityvebs/frazebs;

• xmamaRla kiTxulobs nawers.

4. redaqtireba


• gadaamowmebs, ramdenad gamarTulia yvela winadadeba;

• Seasworebs marTlwerasa da punqtuacias;

• asworebs gramatikul Secdomebs;

• Secvlis arasworad daweril sityvebs;

• waakiTxebs nawers sxvas;

• Caasworebs teqsts saliteraturo qarTulis normebis gaTvaliswinebiT;

• akeTebs koreqturas;

• gadawers nawers sufTad.

5. gamoqveyneba/gaziareba

am safexurze moswavle: xmamaRla ukiTxavs nawers klass/jgufs;

• qmnis ilustraciebs, performanss an musikas naweris mixedviT;

• akinZavs wigns sakuTari teqstiTa da ilustraciebiT;

• ugzavnis nawers megobrebs/Tanaklaselebs.

SeniSvna: xuTsafexuriani weris yvela safexuris gavla erT dReSi ar unda moxdes. sasur-velia am procesis etapebi 2-3 dReze gadanawildes, raTa moswavleebs hqondeT yvela safexuris srulyofilad gavlis saSualeba.

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weris eqvsi aspeqti

meTodis Sesaxeb

weris swavlebasa da swavlaSi dRes farTod aris gavrcelebuli wera 6 ZiriTadi aspeq-tis mixedviT. esenia:

1. ideebi/azrebi da Sinaarsi

2. organizeba

3. toni da stili

4. winadadebebi

5. sityvebis SerCeva

6. marTlwera

qvemoT mocemulia TiToeuli aspeqtis mokle mimoxilva da maTi gansaviTarebeli aqti-vobebi.

1. ideebi da Sinaarsi

wera ideebis/azrebis generirebiT iwyeba. weris mTavari mizani swored am ideebisa da Sinaarsis gadmocemaa. yvela naweri garkveul azrs, gzavnils unda gadmoscemdes da advilad misadevnebeli iyos. qvemoT mocemulia ramdenime SekiTxva, romlebic damwers ideebisa da Sinaarsis generirebaSi daexmareba:

• risi Tqma minda? ra aris mTavari saTqmeli? ramdenad gasagebad da fokusirebulad aris Camoyalibebuli ZiriTadi idea?

• mocemulia Tu ara mniSvnelovani detalebi mTavari ideis Sesaxeb?

• gaigebs Tu ara rame axals mkiTxveli?

• aris Tu ara naweri saintereso da advilad gasagebi?

msvleloba

• moswavleebi kiTxuloben winaswar momzadebul/SerCeul teqsts:

1. `am zafxuls dasasveneblad viyaviT. Zalian vixaliseT. erT saRamos tyeSi wavediT. mindorSi karavi gavSaleT da iq daviZineT. dRisiT velosipedebiT vseirnobdiT. imedi maqvs, rom momaval welsac wavalT dasasveneblad.~ (I-IV klasi)

2. `wina SabaTs maswavlebelma eqskursiaze wagviyvana TelavSi. ramdenime saintereso ad-gili davaTvaliereT. Rame patara sastumroSi gavatareT. meore diliT winandlis baRSi wavediT. davaTvaliereT sasaxle da marani. Semdeg labirinTSi virbineT da natvris xes feradi bafTebi SevabiT. me erTi ucnauri survili Cavifiqre. imedia, amisruldeba.~ (V-VI klasi)

• maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas: riT aris es ambavi saintereso?

• maswavleblis TxovniT moswavleebi weren SekiTxvebs, romlebic gauCndaT mocemuli ambis wakiTxvis Sedegad. magaliTad:

o sad iyo dasasveneblad wasuli am ambis mTxrobeli?

o kidev vin iyo iq?

o riT iyo es ambavi saxaliso?

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o rogori amindi iyo?

o romeli momenti iyo yvelaze dasamaxsovrebeli?• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, daweron maTi dasvenebis Sesaxeb. Tan

gaiTvaliswinon maTive SekiTxvebi.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs ramdenime moswavles, waukiTxon TavianTi naweri klass.

• wakiTxvis Semdeg imarTeba diskusia.

• maswavlebeli Camowers naweris im maxasiaTeblebs, romlebic mniSvnelovania efeqturi werisTvis. magaliTad:

o moswavlem mniSvnelovani detalebi gadmosca.

o teqstis idea gasagebi da mizanmimarTulia.

2. organizeba

ideebis/azrebis organizeba exmareba mkiTxvels, Tanmimdevrulad mihyves teqsts da na-bij-nabij gaiazros Sinaarsi. qvemoT mocemulia ramdenime SekiTxva, romlebic damwers ideebis/azrebisa da Sinaarsis organizebaSi daexmareba:

o ramdenad gamoiwvevs aseTi dasawyisi mkiTxvelis interess?

o aris Tu ara naweris organizebis mocemuli varianti saukeTeso?

o ebmis Tu ara azrebi/ideebi ZiriTad gzavnils?

o gvaqvs Tu ara efeqturi dasasruli, romelic kravs Sinaarss?

msvleloba

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, waikiTxon SeTavazebuli teqsti:

nimuSi 1: àmasobaSi ki mglebma yvela cxvari SeuWames. male yvelam gaigo matyuara mwyem-sis ambavi da aRaravin ujerebda. mwyemsi tiroda, es ra damemarTa, rogor damakargvina tyuilma mTeli farao. im dRis Semdeg mwyemsi gamosworda da tyuili aRar uTqvams. mecxvareebi TofebiT mocvivdebodnen xolme dasaxmareblad, biWi ki maT danaxvaze gu-lianad icinoda da eubneboda, mogatyueTo. bevri iyvira biWma, miSveleT, namdvilad miWirso, magram arc erTma mecxvarem aRar daujera da aravin mivida dasaxmareblad. erTxelac marTla daesxnen mglebi mis faras Tavs. faras rom yaraulobda, ucbad ayvir-deboda xolme, mgeli movida, miSveleTo. iyo erTi mwyemsi biWi, romelic mudam ityue-boda.~ (III-IV klasi)

nimuSi 2: `me Zalian miyvars musika. iseTi ki ara, romelsac usmenen... iseTi, romelsac TviTon qmni~... me Sevedi oTaxSi da Camovjeqi skamze. òrive xeli rom mqondes, violi-noze davukravdi~, _ Tqva musikosma.

im dRes yvelani velodiT, rodis gavigonebdiT misi instrumentis xmas, magram fanjara dumda. `me ar SemiZlia ar davukra~, _ Tqva musikosma. _ man daxeda instruments:

ès erTaderTi instrumentia, romelzedac SeuZlia daukras calxela kacma~. karebi mu-sikosma gaaRo. `daukariT, ra,~_ gavumeore me. Cven didxans visxediT Cumad. me avedi mas-Tan da moridebulad davakakune karebze. cota xans Cumad viyaviT. `daukariT rame, ra...~ _ vuTxari me. `me ar megona,~_ Tqva musikosma, _ `rom gawuxebdiT Tqven...~ (V-VI klasi)

• maswavlebeli ekiTxeba moswavleebs, gauWirdaT Tu ara ambis wakiTxva da midevneba da ratom.

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• mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi daasaxeleben mizezebs (Sinaarsi kargad ar aris or-ganizebuli; azrebi da winadadebebi Tanmimdevrulad ar aris dalagebuli), maswa-vlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom Tanmimdevrulad daalagon winadadebebi da aawyon teqsti ise, rom Sinaarsi gasagebi iyos.

3. toni da stili

mwerlis toni aris is, rac nawers Taviseburebasa da individualur stils aniWebs. qve-moT mocemulia ramdenime SekiTxva, romlebic damwers tonis SerCevaSi daexmareba:

o SeiZleba Tu ara iTqvas, rom damwers namdvilad ainteresebs Tema?

o igrZnoba Tu ara, rom teqsti swored am avtors ekuTvnis?

o ra grZnobis gamowvevas cdilobs avtori?

o axerxebs Tu ara naweri mkiTxvelis yuradRebis SenarCunebas? gauCndeba Tu ara mkiTxvels survili, rom meti gaigos?

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, waikiTxon ori sxvadasxva naweri da gadawyviton, romlis avtori axerxebs ukeT mkiTxvelis yuradRebis gamowvevasa daSenarCunebas.

nimuSi 1: me megobrebTan erTad mdinareze wavedi. erTma megobarma Tavisi ZaRlic wamoi-yvana. gareT Zalian cxeloda. Cven mdinareSi vibanaveT. ZaRlmac CvenTan erTad ibanava da Zalian moewona. kargad gaverTeT da saRamos ukan davbrundiT.~ (I-IV klasi)

nimuSi 2: `zafxulis erT mSvenier dRes me da Cemi megobrebi mdinareze sabanaod wave-diT. erTma Cemma megobarma Tan Tavisi Wkviani ZaRlic wamoiyvana, romelic yvelgan Tan dahyveboda. mze acxunebda, Citebi WikWikebdnen da namdvili sabanao amindi iyo. mdina-resTan rom mivediT, JriamuliT SevcvivdiT wyalSi. ZaRlic mxiaruli yefiT Semogvyva da CvenTan erTad Wyumpalaobda. yvelam bevri vicineT, daZalian kargad gaverTeT. roca banaobiT guli vijereT, mzeze gavSriT. roca mosaRamovda da Zalian mogvSivda, Sini-saken gamoveSureT.~ (V-VI klasi)

• maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas: romeli naweri ikiTxeboda ufro sainteresod da sasiamovnod?

meore ambavSi avtoris toni gamokveTiladaa gamoxatuli, rac daexmara mkiTxvels, ukeT warmoedgina movlenebi.

4. winadadebebi

kargi naweri erTgvari ritmiT gamoirCeva. winadadebebs gansxvavebuli sigrZe da stru-qtura aqvs. aseTi teqstis xmamaRla wakiTxva sasiamovnoa. qvemoT mocemulia ramdenime SekiTxva, romlebic damwers gamarTulad weraSi daexmareba:

o ramdenad advilad ikiTxeba teqsti?

o winadadebebi gansxvavebulad iwyeba?

o gamoyenebulia grZeli da mokle winadadebebi?

o xmamaRla kiTxvis dros aseTi naweri ufro sasiamovnod ikiTxeba?

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, waikiTxon teqsti:

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`Cemi ZaRli Savia. mas erT yurze yavisferi laqa aqvs. is megobrulia. mas uyvars abazana-Si curva. mas roca vbanT, yvelas gvwuwavs. mas uyvars gaseirneba. me miyvars Cemi ZaRli.~

• maswavlebeli yuradRebas amaxvilebs, rom teqstis winadadebebis umravlesoba erTnairad iwyeba. Semdeg sTxovs moswavleebs, moifiqron am winadadebebis gadakeTebis gzebi, raTa teqsti ufro advilad ikiTxebodes da xmamaRla wakiTxvisas ufro sainteresod JRerdes.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs ramdenime moswavles, xmamaRla waukiTxon sakuTari naweri klass. imarTeba diskusia.

• maswavlebeli xazs usvams, rom amjerad winadadebebi gansxvavebulad iwyeboda da met detalebs Seicavda. amitom teqsti ufro saintereso iyo mkiTxvelisTvis. maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, daweron teqsti aqtivobis dros ganxiluli sakiTxebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia, rom diskusiis gamarTvasa da sakuTari versiis daweramde moswa-vleebma meore, ufro gamarTuli teqstic waikiTxon.

5. sityvebis SerCeva da gamoyeneba

konkretuli sityvebi, romlebsac avtori iyenebs, qmnis mkafio suraT-xatebs, ipyrobs mkiTxvelis yuradRebas da teqsts dasamaxsovrebels xdis. qvemoT mocemulia ramdenime SekiTxva, romlebic damwers Sesaferisi sityvebis SerCevasa da gamoyenebaSi daexmareba:

o gamoyenebulia Tu ara teqstSi iseTi zmnebi an xatovani frazebi, romlebic mkiTxvelis yuradRebas `ankess gamosdebs~?

o gamoyenebulia unikaluri sityvebi?

o zedmetad xSirad xom ar aris gameorebuli Cveulebrivi sityvebi?

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, waikiTxon abzaci:

`wyalTandidiiremiidga.mandidtbaSisakuTarCrdilsdaxeda.ifiqra,romla-maziiyo.iswylisdasalevadmividatbasTan.~

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli yuradRebas amaxvilebs imaze, rom avtorma arc Tu saintereso sityvebi gamoiyena.

• Semdeg is sTxovs moswavleebs, rom gonebrivi ieriSis gamoyenebiT moifiqron sityvebi an frazebi, romlebiTac garkveul sityvebs Caanacvleben da amiT ufro cocxalsa da dasamaxsovrebels gaxdian am teqsts. moswavleebi gadaamuSaveben teqsts ufro zusti da xatovani sityvebis moSveliebiT.

• maswavlebeli sTxovs ramdenime moswavles, rom xmamaRla waukiTxos sakuTari naweri klass.

• maswavleblis TxovniT moswavleebi axal teqsts weren ganxiluli sakiTxebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

6. marTlwera

esa aris sworad weris wesebi. weris es maxasiaTebeli gulisxmobs saliteraturo enis normebis, gramatikuli wesebis dacvas (orTografia, sintaqsi, punqtuacia).

wer

is r

ubr

ika

eqvs

i ma

xasi

aTeb

lis

mix

edvi

T

idee

bi/

azr

ebi

•mT

avar

i id

ea d

a Tem

a bu

ndova

nia

an s

ust

ad

aris

gam

okv

eTil

i;

•ar

aris

foku

sireb

ul

i Tem

aze;

•Tem

a su

stad

aris

gan

vrcobi

li, a

r a

ris

sa

kmar

isi

det

aleb

i;

•av

tori

ar g

admo

scem

s sa

kuTar

azreb

s.

•mT

avar

i id

ea m

kafio

d a

ris

gam

okv

eTil

i;

•Tem

a ko

nkret

ul

ia, av

tori

foku

sireb

ul

ia T

emaz

e;

•na

weri

gamd

idreb

ul

ia m

kafio

d a

Rwe

ril

i, z

ust

i det

aleb

iT,

roml

ebic

See

saba

meba

mTav

ar i

dea

s;

•av

tori

indiv

idual

ur, ax

leb

ur x

edva

s gv

Tav

azobs

;

•av

tori

eyrdno

ba s

akuTar

codna

s/ga

mocdil

ebas

;

•av

tori

iZl

eva

pasu

xs m

kiTxv

elis

sav

arau

do S

ekiT

xveb

ze.

str

uqt

ur

a/

or

gani

zeb

a

•ar

aris

das

awyi

si d

a das

asrul

i (S

esav

ali

da

das

kvna

);

•ar

aris

gad

asvl

ebi;

•l

ogi

kuri

Tan

mimd

evroba

ar i

kveT

eba;

•st

ruqt

ura

imden

ad u

wesr

igoa, r

om

ar C

ans

weris

miz

ani.

•st

ruqt

ura

Sees

abam

eba

Tem

as d

a mi

zan

s;

•ef

eqturi, g

amomw

vevi

, sa

inter

eso d

asaw

yisi

/Ses

aval

i;

•ef

eqturi

das

asrul

i/das

kvna

;

•az

reb

i Tan

mimd

evrul

ad a

ris

gad

mocem

ul

i;

•ga

das

vleb

i l

ogi

kurad

ebm

is e

rTma

neTs;

•ad

vil

ia n

awer

is m

idev

neba

da

gabm

ul

ad w

akiT

xva.

to

ni

•ar

See

saba

meba

naw

eris

miz

ans

da

Tem

as;

•usi

cocxl

o, mo

sawy

eni, m

ono

tonu

ri;

•ar

igr

Znoba

avt

oris

gan

wyoba

-dam

oki

deb

ul

eba

Tem

isa

da

mkiT

xvel

is m

imar

T;

•ar

Can

s aq

tiu

ri

inter

aqcia

avt

orsa

da

mkiT

xvel

s So

ris

;

•av

tori

indif

eren

tul

ia, ar

aris

dai

nter

eseb

ul

i.

•Se

esab

ameb

a au

dit

oria

s, T

emas

da

mizan

s;

•cocxa

li, m

kafio

, gu

liT

adi, i

umo

riT

Sez

aveb

ul

i;

•av

tori

uwy

vet i

nter

aqcia

Sia

mkiT

xvel

Tan

;

•ig

rZn

oba

avt

oris

enT

uzia

zmi

da

inter

esi

saku

Tar

i az

reb

is

mima

rT.

weris s

wav

leba

sit

yveb

is

Ser

Ceva

•Se

zRudul

i l

eqsi

ka;

•ar

aswo

rad

, Se

usa

bamo

d g

amoye

nebu

li

sityv

ebi;

•bu

ndova

ni t

eqst

i xe

ls

uSl

is m

kiTxv

els

mTav

ari

mesi

jeb

is a

Rqm

aSi.

•md

idar

i, m

rav

alfer

ova

ni l

eqsi

ka;

•zmn

ebis

, zed

sarTav

i sa

xel

ebis

a da

arse

biTi

saxe

leb

i ad

ekva

turad

aris

Ser

Ceul

i;

•ga

moye

nebu

lia

Seg

rZn

ebeb

is/w

armo

saxv

is a

RmZ

vrel

i aR

weriT

i si

tyv

ebi;

•ar

aris

uxv

sityv

aoba

;

•er

Ti

da

igiv

e si

tyv

ebi

xSir

ad a

r m

eordeb

a;

•sl

engi

miz

nobr

ivad

da

efeq

turad

aris

gam

oye

nebu

li.

wina

dad

ebeb

i

•Zn

elia

naw

eris

mid

evne

ba;

•dau

srul

ebel

i, m

ouxe

Sava

d g

amoye

nebu

li

wina

dad

ebeb

i;

•si

tyv

aTa

Tan

mimd

evroba

dam

abne

vel

ia.

•ef

eqturi

naka

di

da

din

eba;

•wi

nadad

ebeb

i bu

nebr

ivad

ebm

is e

rTma

neTs;

•ga

moye

nebu

lia

gan

sxva

vebu

li

struqt

uris

a da

das

awyi

sis

mqone

wi

nadad

ebeb

i;

•ad

vil

ia n

awer

is m

idev

neba

da

gabm

ul

ad w

akiT

xva.

mar

Tl

wer

a

•Se

cdome

bi i

mden

ad x

Sirad

meo

rdeb

a, r

om

mkiT

xvel

i wy

deb

a Si

naar

ss;

•sa

sven

i ni

Sneb

i ak

lia

an

aras

worad

aris

das

mul

i;

•xS

iria

gram

atik

ul

i Se

cdome

bi;

•na

weri

moiT

xovs

saf

uZv

lia

n red

aqtir

ebas

da

koreq

turas

.

•sa

sven

i ni

Sneb

i sw

orad

aris

das

mul

i;

•gr

amat

ikul

i we

sebi

swo

rad

aris

gam

oye

nebu

li;

•na

weri

moiT

xovs

umn

iSvn

elo r

edaq

tir

ebas

.

313

roli, auditoria, forma, Tema (RAFT)


meTodis gamoyeneba saSualebas aZlevs moswavleebs siRrmiseulad gaiazron teqsti da Seqmnanam teqstis interpretacia.

meTodis daxmarebiT moswavleebs gamoumuSavdebaT:

• SemoqmedebiTi werisa da TviTgamoxatvis unarebi;

• nawerisaTvis Sesabamisi stilis SerCevis unari;

• teqstis/sakiTxis interpretirebis unari.


resursi: rveuli, kalami, dafa da carci/formatis qaRaldi da markeri.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli Seaxsenebs moswavleebs, ras gulisxmobs aqtivoba `rafT~ da dafaze Camowers:

r - roli a _ auditoria f _ formati T _ Tema

aqtivobis dros moswavleebma unda Seqmnan teqsti swored `rafT~-is gaTvaliswinebiT.

• sawyis etapze maswavlebeli Tavad SeurCevs moswavleebs romelime konkretuli personaJis rols, samizne auditorias, naweris formatsa da Temas. SesaZlebelia maswavlebels winaswar momzadebuli hqondes `rafTis~ cxrili, romelic daexmareba moswavleebs arCevanis gakeTebaSi.

roli (r) mwerlis, personaJis, mkiTxvelis, reJisoris, Tanamdebobis piris, TviT-mxilvelis...

auditoria (a) avtori, personaJi (sxva nawarmoebis personaJi), romelim e uwyeba (mag., cxovelTa dacvis organizacia), gamomcemloba, mki T x veli, reJisori, ojaxis ufrosi wevri, Tanatoli...

formati (f) moTxroba, gancxadeba, reklama, afiSa, werili, dRiuri, interviu, bara-Ti, scenari, leqsi...

Tema (T) Temis SerCevisas moswavleebi eyrdnobian teqstSi warmoCenil sakiTxebs, maTTvis ufro mniSvnelovan problemas. Temas Camoayalibeben sakiTxis an saTauris saxiT. mag.: gmiroba, davicvaT cxovelebi, yvelas gvaxsovdes...

cxrilis nimuSi

• yvela elementis SerCevis Semdeg moswavleebi iwyeben weras;

• muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi redaqtirebas ukeTeben TavianT namuSevrebs, bolos ki gauziareben erTmaneTs.

SeniSvna: maswavlebels, sagakveTilo miznidan gamomdinare, SeuZlia moswavleebs SesTa-vazos ramdenime elementi, magaliTad: Tema da formati; auditoria da roli, danarCeni

314

weris s

wav

leba

ki moswavleebma Tavad SearCion. mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi gaiwafebian aqtivobis Ses-rulebaSi, SesaZlebelia maT Tavad SearCion yvela elementi.

magaliTi

r (roli) _ wiTelqudas bebia a (auditoria)_ wiTelqudas deda f (formati) _ werili T (Tema) _ wiTelqudas saqcieli.

ideebi SemoqmedebiTi werisTvis


SemoqmedebiTi weris aqtivobis Catarebis dros moswavleebs aqvT TviTgamoxatvis saSua-leba. maswavleblis mier SeTavazebuli ideebidan isini irCeven Temas SemoqmedebiTi/Tavisufali werisTvis da weren Txzulebas.


• iviTareben warmosaxvis unars;

• gamoxataven sakuTar emocias, gancdebs, mosazrebebs;

• akvirdebian sakuTar emociebs, grZnobebs da cdiloben Sesabamisi sityvebis SerCevas;

• iviTareben weris unars.


resursi: Temebis CamonaTvali.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs dafaze Camouwers ramdenime ideas SemoqmedebiTi werisTvis;

• moswavleebi irCeven maTTvis saintereso Tematikas da weren Tavisufal Temas.

SeniSvna: mocemuli Temebis CamonaTvalis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia `rafTis~, xuTsafexu-riani weris da sxva meTodebiT muSaobisas.

ideebi werisTvis

o aRwere Seni yvelaze kargi/cudi sizmari;

o aRwere yvelaze cudi dRe Sens cxovrebaSi;

o erTi ramis Secvla rom SemeZlos CemSi...

o bavSvs rom vzrdide, arasodes...

o ise arasdros SemSinebia, rogorc...

o daarwmune megobari, rom Tavi daanebos Tambaqos mowevas;

o gamoigone axali kerZi da dawere misi momzadebis wesi/recepti;

o gaixsene iseTi momenti Seni cxovrebidan, rodesac arCevanis winaSe ideqi da swo-ri gadawyvetileba miiRe;

o vin aris Seni gmiri?

315

o warmoidgine, rom sxva saukuneSi cxovrob da aRwere erTi dRe;

o axla me maqvs sami mizani...

o ras izamdi 300 Tagvi rom gamovardes galiidan zoomaRaziaSi, romelSic Sen muSaob?

o warmoidgine, rom erT Rames SemTxveviT Caikete Sens sayvarel maRaziaSi;

o ras izam erT dilas uCinarma rom gaiRviZo?

o ras izamdi cxovelebTan laparaki rom SegeZlos?

o ras izamdi momavalSi/warsulSi mogzauroba rom SegeZlos?

o warmoidgine ra moxdeba mTel msoflioSi Suqi rom Caqres;

o ras izamdi 1 000 000 lari rom gqondes?

o ras izam cnobil da ZviradRirebul restoranSi sadilobisas kerZSi buzi rom ipovo?

o Camowere 10 ram, rac karg xasiaTze gayenebs;

o romel istoriul pirs Sexvdebodi da ras hkiTxavdi?

o ra gabrazebs?

o gamoigone monstri da aRwere (rogoria? sad cxovrobs? ras Wams da a.S.);

o rogori amindi mogwons da ratom?

o dawere is, rac ar gagikeTebia am SabaT-kviras;

o gaixede fanjaraSi da dawere ras ver xedav;

o warmoidgine rom xar (Zveli/SenTvis kargad nacnobi) Senoba da moyevi Seni ambavi.

SeniSvna: sasurvelia moswavleebma Tavadac moifiqron Temebi SemoqmedebiTi werisTvis an SeTavazebuli ideis variaciebi.

samwuTiani wera


moswavleebi winaswar miTiTebuli drois ganmavlobaSi weren sakuTar azrebs dasaxele-buli cnebis garSemo.


• werilobiT gadmoscemen sakuTar mosazrebebs;

• iviTareben weris unars;

• iviTareben warmosaxvis unars.


resursi: rveuli, dafa, carci.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli dafaze wers iseT sityvas/cnebas, romelic mWidrod ukavSirdeba wasakiTxi teqstis sakvanZo ideas;

• maswavlebeli azustebs, ician Tu ara moswavleebma mocemuli sityvis/cnebis mniSvneloba, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi ganmartavs mas;

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs gaixsenon adamiani an viTareba, romelic maTTvis am sityvasTan/cnebasTan aris dakavSirebuli da sam wuTSi daweron patara ambavi;

316

weris s

wav

leba

• weris dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi namuSevars uziareben mewyviles. survilis SemTxvevaSi gaacnoben mTel klass.

SeniSvna: sasurvelia maswavlebelma mocemuli aqtivoba nawarmoebis wakiTxvamde Caata-ros, xolo wakiTxvis Semdeg kvlav miabrunos bavSvebi nawerTan, rom TavianTi naazrevi wakiTxuli teqstis siuJets Seadaron, imsjelon msgavseba-gansxvavebaze.

swrafi wera


swrafi weris aqtivobis gamoyenebisas moswavleebi mcire drois ganmavlobaSi werilobiT scemen pasuxs maswavleblis mier dasmul Ria SekiTxvas (werilobiT reagireben konkre-tul sakiTxze).

meTodiT muSaobis procesSi moswavleebs uviTardebaT:

• azris swrafad da lakonurad Camoyalibebis unari;

• azris Tanmimdevrulad gadmocemis unari.


resursi: rveuli, kalami

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli moswavleebs usvams Ria SekiTxvas an aZlevs miniSnebas Seswavlili/ Sesaswavli Temis Sesaxeb;

• moswavleebi 2-5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi weren sakuTar naazrevs mocemul sakiTxze;

• weris dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi namuSevars uziareben mewyviles. survilis SemTxvevaSi gaacnoben mTel klass.

wera ilustraciebis mixedviT


moswavleebi weren ambavs/moTxrobas SeTavazebuli ilustraciebis mixedviT.

meTodis gamoyeneba moswavleebs uviTarebs:

• warmosaxvisa da fantaziis unars;

• azrebis werilobiT gadmocemis unars;

• siuJetis agebisa da moTxrobis daweris unars.


resursi: saintereso ilustraciebi, furceli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli SearCevs ramdenime ilustracias, romlebic garkveuli ambis agebisa da gadmocemis saSualebas iZleva. ilustraciebi SesaZloa romelime wignidan,

317

nawarmoebidan iyos amoRebuli. aseT SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli meTods manamde gamoiyenebs, vidre moswavleebi teqsts waikiTxaven;

• moswavleebi awyoben ilustraciebs logikuri TanmimdevrobiT (es Tanmimdevroba SesaZloa ar emTxveodes wigniseul/avtoriseul versias) da Txzaven/igoneben ambavs;

• moswavleebi weren ambis/moTxrobis sakuTar versias da ukiTxaven Tanaklaselebs.

SeniSvna: SesaZlebelia maswavlebelma moswavleebi daajgufos da TiToeul jgufs misces erTi ilustracia ise, rom maT ar icodnen sxva jgufebis ilustraciis Sinaarsi. Tu klasi homogenur jgufebad daiyofa, SedarebiT gauwafav moswavleebs `martivad da-saweri~ ilustracia miecemaT. jgufebi erTmaneTisgan damoukideblad Seqmnian ambebs, iwinaswarmetyveleben sxva ilustraciebis SesaZlo siuJetebs. prezentaciebis Semdeg jgufebi erTmaneTs gaucvlian ilustraciebs da, survilisamebr, cvlilebebs Seitanen sakuTar ambebSi. bolos ki mTeli klasi imuSavebs saerTo ambis SeTxzvaze.

variacia

ambis SesaTxzavad SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas mxolod erTi ilustracia. am dros mos-wavleebi imuSaveben Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT:

1. Camowere sityvebi, romlebic ilustraciazea an kavSirSia masTan;

2. dawere SekiTxvebi, romlebic giCndeba ilustraciasTan dakavSirebiT;

3. SekiTxvebi gayavi or jgufad. daajgufe Sinaarsis mixedviT;

4. upasuxe SekiTxvebs ise, rom gamoiyeno sityvebi, romlebic Camowerili gaqvs;

5. ecade, TiToeuli jgufis SekiTxvebis pasuxebi ambis saxiT gadaakeTo. amisTvis gamoiyene sxva winadadebebic. am safexuris dasrulebis Semdeg unda miiRo ori ambavi;

6. miRebuli ambebi gaaerTiane erT ambad. moifiqre, rogor daukavSirdeba isini erTmaneTs. cxadia, aqac dagWirdeba axali winadadebebi da, SesaZloa, ukve dawer-ili ambebis gadakeTebac;

7. gadaamuSave namuSevari da gaacani Tanaklaselebs.

maswavlebels SeuZlia rogorc feradi, ise konturuli ilustraciebis gamoyeneba, rom-lebsac moswavleebi Semdeg Tavad gaaaferadeben.

nimuSi

318

weris s

wav

leba

moTxrobis/zRapris CarCo


es aqtivoba exmareba moswavleebs siuJetis werilobiT xalisiT da advilad gadmocemaSi. am samuSaos aadvilebs maswavleblis mier SeTavazebuli SekiTxvebi, romlebic erTgvari CarCo-konstruqciis rols asrulebs. aqtivoba SeiZleba gamoviyenoT nebismier klasSi. amis gaTvaliswinebiT unda gavamartivoT an gavarTuloT SekiTxvis Sinaarsi, gavzardoT an SevamciroT kiTxvebis raodenoba.

am aqtivobiT moswavleebs uviTardebaT:

• mxatvruli teqstis damoukideblad Seqmnis unar-Cveva;

• warmosaxvisa da TviTgamoxatvis unari.

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, individualuri.

resursi: dafa, rveuli, furceli/Sesavsebi sqema (sqemis amosabeWdi versia ix. danarTSi).

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs moifiqron da daasaxelon Tema, romelzedac isurvebdnen moTxrobis weras (mag., SemTxveva quCaSi, kviradRe ojaxSi, dabadebis dRe, knutis oinebi, Cemi pirveli aRmoCena...). SeTavazebuli Temebi/saTaurebi iwereba dafaze. ramdenime moswavle saubrobs, ram ganapiroba arCevani.

• maswavlebeli dafaze wers SekiTxvebs, romlebsac moswavleebi gadaiweren rveu-lebSi da upasuxeben werilobiT.

SeniSvna: SekiTxvebi imgvarad unda iyos SerCeuli da dalagebuli, rom mihyvebodes mo-Txrobis siuJetur qargas, raTa moswavles gauadvildes teqstis mokle Sinaarsis aRd-gena da werilobiT gadmocema.

magaliTad

o kiTxvebi teqstis Sesavali nawilisTvis: sad xdeba ambavi? riT iqcevs es garemo yuradRebas? ra dRea? rogori amindia? vin aris gmiri? rogor gamoiyureba?..

o ZiriTad nawilSi uSualod gadmoscemen ambavs, amitom kiTxvebi unda exmarebodes moswavleebs safexurebad warmoadginon siuJeti: ra moxda? vin iyo monawile? ras grZnoben? ris Sesaxeb saubroben?..

o dasasrulisTvis: riT dasrulda ambavi?..

dawere moTxroba


meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswavleebi SeTavazebuli CamonaTvalidan SearCeven perso-naJTa Tvisebebs, garemoebebsa da problemebs, rac maT daexmareba moTxrobis agebaSi.

meTodis/aqtivobis gamoyeneba moswavleebs xels Seuwyobs:

• fantaziisa da SemoqmedebiTi unarebis ganviTarebaSi;

• moTxrobis struqturuli elementebis SerCevasa da sinTezirebaSi.


319

resursi: Tvisebebis, garemoebebisa da problemebis nusxa, furceli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli ekiTxeba moswavleebs, Tu romelia maTi sayvareli moTxroba/zRapari da ratom, Semdeg ki warmarTavs xanmokle msjelobas maTi pasuxebis mixedviT. msjelobis paralelurad maswavlebeli dafaze CainiSnavs moswavleTa pasuxebs, Tu ratom moswonT esa Tu is moTxroba/zRapari. mniSvnelovania, rom yuradReba gamaxvildes moTxrobis/zRapris iseT sakvanZo struqturul elementebze, rogorebicaa personaJi da misi Tvisebebi, garemoebebi, problema/konfliqti da misi gadawyveta, ZiriTadi moqmedebebi.

• maswavlebeli eubneba moswavleebs, rom dRes maTac, rogorc mwerlebma, unda SeTxzan moTxroba da amaSi dasaxmareblad sTavazobs maT Tvisebebis, garemoebebisa da problemebis nusxas. maswavlebeli Seaxsenebs moswavleebs, rom nusxidan sityva-sityviT ar gadmoweron esa Tu is garemoeba Tu problema. sasurvelia, TavianT moTxrobebs moargon nusxaSi CamoTvlili ideebi, ganavrcon an gadaakeTon isini.

SeniSvna: Tu aqtivoba pirvelad tardeba moswavleebTan, sasurvelia maswavlebelma jer Tavad aCvenos bavSvebs, Tu rogor xdeba cxrilebis gamoyeneba.

• moswavleebi iwyeben ideebis generirebas da moTxrobis gegmis Sedgenas nusxis gamoyenebiT. maswavleblis TxovniT ramdenime moswavle mTel klass mokled gauziarebs moTxrobis zogad monaxazs da nusxidan SerCeul personaJs/garemoebebs/problemas.

• moswavleebi iwyeben weras. wera mimdinareobs xuTsafexuriani modelis mixedviT (ix. xuTsafexuriani wera).

• msurvelebi warudgenen auditorias TavianT namuSevrebs.

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gamoiyene es sityvebi Seni moTxrobis personaJebis dasaxasiaTeblad. ra Tqma unda, Tavadac SegiZlia SeurCio Tvisebebi Sen mier mogonil personaJebs.

mfrTxali

artistuli

sportuli

aqtiuri

lamazi

mamaci

Tavdajerebuli

mbrZanebluri

mzrunveli

momxiblavi

mxiaruli

cnobismoyvare

kreatiuli

gabeduli

yuradRebiani

eSmaki

uSiSari

meocnebe

saSiSi

saintereso

mxiaruli

energiuli

sastiki

sasacilo

mebrZoli

kekluci

Raribi

pranWia

megobruli

Txupnia

Tavdadebuli

nazi

guluxvi

anCxli

bednieri

sazareli

Tavmdabali

mtruli

patiosani

gonieri

damoukidebeli

gamomgonebeli

lideri

zarmaci

uwesrigo

anci

flidi

faqizi

nerviuli

bilwi

sasiamovno

gaiZvera

gulRia

mtkice

brZeni

brwyinvale

amayi

umweo

Serekili

koxta

damcveli

wynari

mdidari

pativcemuli

mowyenili

daudevari

seriozuli

warmatebuli

morcxvi

uxeSi

Wkviani

bejiTi

boroti

martivi

maRali

moridebuli

sando

Cafiqrebuli

uangaro

Tbili

gonebamaxvili

veluri

Tavgadasavlebis

moyvaruli

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gamoiyene es sityvebi Seni moTxrobis garemoebebis aRsawerad. ra Tqma unda, Tavadac SegiZlia moifiqro garemoebebi, sadac Seni moTxrobis ambebi mox-deba.

saxuravze

wyalqveSa mogzaurobisas

cixeSi

laSqrobaSi

matarebelSi

Semodgomis erT wvimian dRes

molaparake veSapis mucelSi

cirkSi

mTvareze

disneilendSi

bazrobaze

tkbileulis maRaziaSi

saTamaSoebis qarxanaSi

silamazis salonSi

sahaero buStSi

erT Zvelebur macivarSi...

saidumlo karis WuWrutanaSi

im dros, rodesac jer kidev ar arsebob-da...

spaidermenis agarakze

erT bnel, umTvaro Rames

gamoqvabulSi

televiziaSi

rodesac tyeSi davikarge...

zooparkis romeliRac

volierSi

minionebis saxlSi

uCinar qveyanaSi

yvelaze ucnaur axal wels

jadosnur karadaSi

zafxulis erT cxel dRes

yvelaze bednier dRes

rapuncelis koSkSi

wiTelqudas bebiis saxlSi

erT mSvenier dRes, rodesac...

ararsebul qalaqSi

uRran tyeSi

mitovebul Zvel saxlSi

ukacriel kunZulze

maisis erT Tbil saRamos

uxsovar dros

2300 wels

asi wlis winaT

sicilis saxelmwifoSi

erTxel, roca dedam gadawyvita...

maSin, roca axaldabadebuli viyavi...

erTxel, roca aRmovaCine, rom...

erT dilas gaviRviZe da...

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gamoiyene es sityvebi Sens moTxrobis garemoebebis aRsawerad. ra Tqma unda, Tavadac SegiZlia moifiqro problema, romelic Sens moTxrobas ufro sain-teresos gaxdis.

gakveTili ar vicodi

megobari gaibuta

deda saSinlad gabrazda

fuli davkarge

SemTxveviT gamityda

nervebs miSlis...

Cemi sayvareli saTamaSo gaaCuqes

Cemma patara Zmam kompiuteris klaviatu-raSi kakao Caasxa

mSoblebs ar scaliaT, rom...

quCas ucnauri mwerebi Semoesivnen

velosipedi mompares

mas klaselebi ar eTamaSebian

megobrebi ar hyavs

ubnis stadionis adgilas korpusis aSene-bas iwyeben...

saxlSi ZaRlis moyvanis uflebas ar maZleven...

mezobeli ezoSi TamaSs gviSlis...

klasis SuSa Cailewa...

maT gza aebnaT...

man safule ipova...

mas Zalian uyvars RamiT tkbileulis Wama

mas Zalian unda gansxvavebuli varcxni-loba hqondes

qalaqSi/sofelSi wyali daSra

mas saSinlad eSinia...

mas mudam ezareba...

sainformacio gamoSvebaSi gamoacxades, rom mosalodnelia Zlieri qariSxali/wyaldidoba

Cems megobars dascinian...

quCaSi mivdiodi da uceb davinaxe, rom didi biWebi pataras Cagravdnen...

erT dilas SevamCnie, rom adamianebi ro-botebiviT iqcevian...

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leqsikuri erTeulebiT ambis SeTxzva da dasaTaureba


moswavleebi maswavleblis mier SeTavazebuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT Txzaven ambavs da asaTaureben.


• iviTareben axali leqsikuri erTeulebis praqtikulad gamoyenebis Cvevas;

• iaqtiureben warmosaxvis unars;

• swavloben mniSvnelovanze fokusirebas teqstSi (raTa teqsts SeurCion Sesaferisi saTauri).

muSaobis forma: wyvilebi, jgufebi.

resursi: sityvebis baraTebi, furceli, kalami.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli winaswar (miznis Sesabamisad) SearCevs sityvebs;

• maswavlebeli dafaze Camowers sityvebs (an daarigebs sityvebis baraTebs) da avalebs moswavleebs, am sityvebis gamoyenebiT SeTxzan raime ambavi da daasaTauron;

• moswavleebi miTiTebuli sityvebis gamoyenebiT, gansazRvrul droSi, Txzaven ambavs da asaTaureben;

• moswavleebi xmamaRla kiTxuloben TavianT SeTxzul teqsts da asaxeleben saTa-urs;

• Semdeg moswavleebi gacvlian TavianT namuSevrebs, waikiTxaven sxva wyvilis/jgufis mier Seqmnil teqsts da, survilis SemTxvevaSi, SeurCeven kidev erT SesaZlo saTaurs;

• Semdeg imarTeba msjeloba, ramdenad Seefereba saTauri SeTxzul ambavs.

12-sityviani reziume (Sejameba)


12-sityviani Sejameba (reziume) aris zogadad reziumes erT-erTi variaciaa.

meTodi/aqtivoba xels uwyobs moswavleebs:

• Tavi mouyaron teqstis yvelaze mniSvnelovan azrebsa da ideebs;

• iswavlon teqstSi mTavari, sakvanZo sityvebis SerCeva (an mofiqreba-gaxseneba) SejamebisTvis;

• gaacnobieron kavSiri SerCeul sityvebsa da teqstis mTavar informacias (an saTqmels) Soris.



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msvleloba

• Temaze (teqstze) muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTxovs, daweron reziume, romlisTvisac gamoiyeneben mxolod Tormet sityvas;

• moswavleebi Camoweren savaraudo sityvebs, romlebic, maTi azriT, yvelaze me-tad gamoadgebaT Temis (teqstis) Sesajameblad. Tavdapirvelad SeiZleba maTi raodenoba 12-ze meti iyos;

• Semdeg kidev erTxel miubrundebian teqsts da reziumesTvis Camoweril sityvebs gaiazreben masTan mimarTebiT;

• Camowerili sityvebidan sabolood SearCeven 12 sityvas, romlebic yvelaze ukeT Seajamebs Temas (teqsts).

Sinaarsi da mokle Sinaarsi

Sinaarsi da mokle Sinaarsi erTmaneTisagan gansxvavdeba ara mxolod zomiT (moculobiT), aramed TvisebebiT, stiliT. Sinaarsi ar aris ubralod vrclad gadmocemuli mokle Si-naarsi. mokle Sinaarsis mizania, rac SeiZleba mokled da mSralad gadmoices mxolod umTavresi, yvelaze arsebiTi ambebi, informacia. mokle Sinaars ar sWirdeba xatovaneba da `samkaulebi~.

sul sxvaa Sinaarsi. misi mizania ara mxolod ambis gadmocema, aramed mxatvrulobac _ Sinaarss amSvenebs xatovaneba (rac mokle Sinarss naklad eTvleba). sazogadod, mokle Sinaarsis moculoba yovelTvis SezRuduli unda iyos (moswavles unda mieTiTos ram-deni winadadebis dawera SeuZlia mokle Sinaarsis gadmocemisas), rac mas aiZulebs, rom teqstidan amokrifos mxolod yvelaze arsebiTi. es ganyenebas, abstraqcias hgavs da amitom ufro Znelia, vidre Sinaarsis dawera. gansxvavebiT mokle Sinaarsisgan, Sinaarsis moculoba SeuzRudavi unda iyos.

Sinaarsisa da mokle Sinaarsis weraze gadasvla, cxadia, erTbaSad ver moxdeba. mas win mTeli rigi safexurebi unda uZRvodes.

es safexurebia:

• Semamzadebeli safexuri: teqstebi gamzadebuli gegmebiTa da mokle SinaarsebiT;

• suraTebis mokle aRwera winaswarmocemuli SekiTxvebis meSveobiT;

• suraTebis aRweris gegmis Sedgena (winaswargansazRvruli moculobis, mag, orpunqtiani, xuTpunqtiani da a.S.);

• gegmis mixedviT suraTis mokle aRwera;

• suraTis mxatvruli, ganvrcobili aRwera;

• zRapris mokle Sinaarsis dawera winaswarmocemuli SekiTxvebis meSveobiT;

• zRapris winaswargansazRvruli moculobis (oTxpunqtiani, xuTpunqtiani...) gegmis Sedgena;

• gegmis mixedviT zRapris mokle Sinaarsis dawera;

• zRapris Sinaarsis dawera abzacebis gamoyofiT;

• zRapris Sinaarsis dawera mxatvruli danamatebiT;

• nawarmoebis siuJetis gegmis Sedgena da mokle Sinaarsis dawera;

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• nawarmoebis Sinaarsis dawera mxatvrulad;

• specialuri teqstis (moxsenebis, sagazeTo statiis...) gegmis Sedgena da mokle Sinaarsis dawera;

• specialuri teqstis (moxsenebis, sagazeTo statiis...) Sinaarsis dawera.

SeniSvna: umjobesia, Sinaarsis da mokle Sinaarsis weris swavleba daviwyoT zRapris ma-galiTze da Semdeg gadavideT sxva saxis teqstebze (moTxroba, novela, sagazeTo statia, sainfomacio teqsti...).

qargebi (Sablonebi) werisTvis


qargebis gamoyeneba Zalian mniSvnelovania weris sawyis etapze anu manam, sanam moswavle kargad gaiwafeba sxvadasxva tipis teqstis SeqmnaSi.


• xels uwyobs azrebis mobilizebaSi;

• aZlevs garkeul miniSnebebs da mimarTulebas uSualod weris procesSi;

• matebs Tavdajerebulobas.


resursi: samuSao furceli qargiT.

msvleloba

• maswavlebeli, imis mixedviT, Tu risken surs mimarTos moswavlis azrovneba weris procesSi, winaswar SearCevs (an Seqmnis) qargas;

• moswavleebs urigebs qargas da aZlevs garkveul dros mis Sesavsebad;

• moswavleebi gansazRvrul droSi avseben qargas;

• drois gasvlis Semdeg isini waradgenen TavianT namuSevrebs klasis winaSe.

qargebis nimuSebi

1. problema da misi gadaWra

nawarmoebis personaJs aqvs problema. problema isaa, rom __________ . aRniSnuli pro-blemis mizezi gaxda __________ . miuxedavad amisa, problema mogvarda (an SeiZleba mo-gvardes). mis gadasaWrelad saWiro iyo (an saWiro iqneba) __________ . problemis aseTi gadaWra, Cemi azriT, __________ .

2. Sedareba (msgavsebebi da gansxvavebebi)

__________-sa da __________-s Soris ramdenime msgavsebaa. isini erTmaneTs hgvanan __________-iT. Tumca aRsaniSnavia gansxvavebac. __________-sagan gansxvavebiT, __________-s ara aqvs __________. xolo __________-sagan gansxvavebiT, __________- s aqvs __________ .

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3. __________-is aRwera/daxasiaTeba

odesme ginaxavT an gifiqriaT __________- ze? __________-s Zalian saintereso garegnoba aqvs. is __________ . magaliTad, mas aqvs __________ , romelic __________ . mas agreTve aqvs __________ da __________ . yovelive amis gamois Zalian __________ gamoiyureba.

4. personaJis daxasiaTeba

am nawarmoebis mTavari personaJi aris __________ . igi aris Zalian __________ . mas surs __________ , magram __________ , amitom man gadawyvita __________ . sabolood man SeZlo __________ . Tumca amis misaRwevad mas __________ .

5. aRwera-daxasiaTeba (cxovelis, sagnis)

es aris __________ . igi aris __________ . __________ binadrobs __________ . garegnu-lad aris Zalian __________ . igi waagavs __________ -s. aqvs __________ da __________ . __________ ikvebeba __________ -iT, magaliTad __________ -iT.

6. Tanmimdevroba

sanam __________ , bevri ram moxda. jer __________ , Semdeg __________ , Semdeg __________ . sul bolos ki __________ .

7. instruqcia (saTamaSos an kolaJis awyoba)

frTxilad gaxseniT __________ , rom Sig Cawyobili __________ ar daziandes.

yvela __________ saTiTaod amoalageT da __________ daawyveT. awyoba daiwyeT __________ -iT, Semdeg gagrZeleT __________ -iT. kargad daakvirdiT __________ -s, rom erTnairi __________ erTad ar moxvdes. rac ufro mravalferovani gamogivaT __________ , miT ukeTesi __________ .

8. reklama

gindaT, gqondeT iseTi __________ , rogorzec bevrjer giocnebiaT? mas SeuZlia __________ , _________ da, Tqven warmoidgineT _ __________ c! SeiZleba es __________ moge-CvenoT, magram roca __________ , Tqven TviTon darwmundebiT! Tanac arc ise __________! iCqareT, rom __________ !

SeniSvna qarTulis, rogorc meore enis maswavleblebisTvis

qargebis daxmarebiT wera gacilebiT uadvildebaT meore/ucxouri enis Semswavlelebs. aseTi savarjiSoebi da davalebebi uxvadaa warmodgenili saxelmZRvaneloebSi. zemoT SemoTavazebuli qargebi rTuli Tu aRmoCnda, SesaZlebelia maTi adaptireba da moswa-vleTa SesaZleblobebze morgeba.

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• raarisganmaviTarebeliSefaseba?

• rogorgamoviyenoTganmaviTarebeliSefaseba

saswavloprocesSi?

• romeliaganmaviTarebeliSefasebisefeqturi

instrumentebi?

• rogormivawodoTmoswavleebskonstruqciuli

ukukavSiri?

Tavi VIII

ganmaviTarebeli

Sefaseba

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ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis aqtivobebis cxrili


varskvlavebi da safexurebi `varskvlavebi da safexurebis~ spe-cialuri Sesvsebi forma

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SuqniSnis ferebi wiTeli da mwvane feris, wris formis baraTebi

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avtosadgomi `avtosadgomis~ sqema 334

SekiTxvebis gamoyeneba ganmaviTare-beli SefasebisTvis

335

pasuxis furclebi 336

diax/ara baraTebi `diax/ara~ warweriani baraTebi 336

miniSneba cera TiTiT 336

posterebi feradi fanqrebi, formati 337

qvizebi qvizis furceli 337

gamosaZaxebeli Cxirebi Cxirebi bavSvebis saxelebiT 338

faqtobrivi ieriSi 339

ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis sxva efeqturi aqtivobebisa da instru-mentebis cxrili

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ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba

yvela maswavlebeli acnobierebs kavSirs swavlebasa da Semajamebel testirebas So-ris. rogorc wesi, efeqtur swavlebas moswavleTa kargi Sedegebi mosdevs Semajamebel testebSi. Tumca ar unda gamovtovoT mniSvnelovani elementi – rogor amowmebs maswa-vlebeli moswavleTa moswrebas ara mxolod saswavlo procesis bolos, aramed uSualod swavlis procesSi. rac ufro xSirad amowmebs maswavlebeli swavlas, miT ufro efeqtu-ria swavleba.

am TavSi saubaria ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis mniSvnelobasa da formebze.

ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis daniSnulebaa moswavlis swavlis monitoringi da mudmivi ukukavSiri, rac exmareba maswavleblebs swa-vlebis, xolo moswavleebs _ swavlis gaum-jobesebaSi. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba aris moswavleebis swavlaze mudmivi dakvirvebis, aRricxvisa da analizis procesi. magaliTad, Tu maswavlebeli SeamCnevs, rom ramdenime moswavles uWirs grZeli sityvebis wakiTxva an personaJis qcevebis daxasiaTeba, mas SeuZlia Secvalos aqtivobebi, davalebebi, saswavlo resursebi da amgvarad daexmaros moswavleebs. mocemul SemTxvevebSi maswavlebels SeuZlia gamoiyenos sityvebis skivri an moitanos cxovrebiseuli magaliTebi personaJis Tvisebebis gamosakveTad. ganmaviTarebeli Sefa-sebis Sedegebi maswavlebels aCvenebs, ramdenad efeqturad warmarTavs igi swavlebis process da saWiroa Tu ara misi mxridan midgomebis, strategiebis, resursebis Secvla.

ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba moicavs mimdinare Semowmebas, dakvirvebas, Sejamebebsa da ganxilvebs, romlebic maswavlebels saWiro informacias awvdis swavlebis procesSi da romelTa safuZvelzec moswavleebi regularulad iReben konstruqciul ukukavSirs (konstruqciuli ukukavSiris Sesaxeb ixileT qvemoT).

ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba umniSvnelovanes rols asrulebs diferencirebul saklaso oTaxSic, sadac erTmaneTis gverdigverd sxedan gansxvavebuli mzaobisa da miRwevebis mqone moswavleebi. regularuli ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis, anu aTvisebis Semowmebis gareSe maswavlebeli ver gaigebs, Tu ra sWirdeba TiToeul moswavles standartebiT gaTvaliswinebuli warmatebis misaRwevad.

rogorc wesi, maswavleblebi ufro aqtiurad iyeneben sakontrolo da Semajamebel Se-fasebas imis dasadgenad, Tu ra odenobis masala aiTvises moswavleebma drois gark-veul momentamde. naswavlis Sefasebis aseTi formis gamoyenebiT vrwmundebiT, ramdenad miaRwies moswavleebma dasaxul saswavlo miznebs saxelmZRvanelos erTi Tavis gavlis an drois garkveuli monakveTis gasvlis Semdeg. naswavlis ganmsazRvreli Sefaseba mniSvne-lovania angariSgebis mizniT, oRond maswavlebelma yuradReba unda gaamaxvilos ganma-viTarebel Sefasebazec, romelic aumjobesebs moswavleTa swavlas uSualod saswavlo procesis mimdinareobisas.

miuxedavad ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis mniSvnelovani rolisa, sulac araa saWiro mis-Tvis zedmeti drois daTmoba. mniSvnelovania, rom proeqtebisa da Txzulebebis garda arsebobs ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis bevri instrumenti, romlebic swrafad da iolad gamoiyeneba yoveldRiur praqtikaSi.

swavlisa da aTvisebis Semowmeba argulisxmobs saboloo gamocdas anSemajamebelitestisCatarebas.Sema-jamebeli testis daniSnulebaa imisdadgena, Tu rogori miRwevebi aqvTmoswavleebs swavlebis dasrulebisSemdeg. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba kigulisxmobs moswavlis progresisSemowmebas uSualod swavleba-swav-lisprocesSi.

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ratom unda gamoviyenoT ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba?

1. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba aZlierebs moswavlis refleqsias swavlis procesis Zlieri da susti mxareebis Sesaxeb. amiT is xels uwyobs moswavleTa gaaqtiurebasa da TviTmonitorings.

2. ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebisas moswavleTa azrovnebisa da Semecnebis procesebi ufro TvalsaCino xdeba rogorc TviT moswavleebisaTvis, ise maswavleblisaTvis. es exmareba maswavlebels adekvaturi meTodebisa da saswavlo resursebis SerCe-vaSi.

3. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba moswavleebs exmareba imis gacnobierebaSi, Tu ras swa-vloben da ramdenad kargad euflebian codnas.

4. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba gvexmareba imis gansazRvraSi, Tu ramdenad mzadaa bavS-vi, rom codna da unarebi axal situaciebSi gamoiyenos.

5. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba gvexmareba swavlebis diferencirebaSi, jgufebis swo-rad dakompleqtebaSi da moswavleebisTvis adekvaturi davalebebis SerCevaSi.

6. moswavleTa ganmaviTarebeli SefasebiT miRebul informaciaze dayrdnobiT maswa-vlebels SeuZlia Seafasos Catarebuli gakveTilis efeqturoba.

7. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba xels uwyobs moswavleTa TviTSefasebisa da urTierTSe-fasebis unarebis ganviTarebas.

8. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba exmareba saswavlo procesis monawileebs konstruqciu-li ukukavSiris gacemasa da gamoyenebaSi (maswavlebeli-moswavle, moswavle-moswa-vle, moswavle-maswavlebeli).

9. ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis meSveobiT maswavlebeli Rebulobs informacias da ga-dawyvetilebebs swavlebis procesSi dauyovnebliv an mogvianebiT Sesatani Seswo-rebebis Sesaxeb.

11. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba komforts uqmnis da Tavdajerebas matebs moswavles mosazrebebis sajarod gamoxatvisas.

kviris ganmavlobaSi mravalferovani ganmaviTa-rebeli Sefasebis gamoyenebiT maswavlebeli mi-iRebs realur suraTs imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra aqvT aTvisebuli da kidev ris aTviseba sWirdebaT moswavleebs saboloo miznis misaRwevad. yovel-dRiurad, sul mcire, TiTo tipis ganmaviTare-beli Sefasebis gamoyenebiT maswavlebels eZleva saSualeba, Seafasos swavlis procesi da miiRos pasuxi sakvanZo kiTxvebze: rogor viTardeba TiToeuli moswavlis codna da unarebi? riT SemiZlia davexmaro moswavleebs ama Tu im davalebis Sesrulebasa Tu una-ris gawafvaSi?

efeqtur saklaso oTaxSi ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba saswavlo procesis ganuyofeli nawi-lia. kargi maswavleblebi:

- mudmivad iyeneben ganmaviTarebel Sefasebas, rogorc informaciis mniSvnelo-van wyaros;

gamocdileba aCvenebs, rom sasurvelia maswavlebelma gakveTilis msvlelobis dros 15 wuTSi erTxel mainc gadaa-mowmos swavlisa da aTvisebis xarisxi.

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- SeaqvT adekvaturi cvlileba-damatebebi swavlebis procesSi miRebul infor-maciaze dayrdnobiT;

- swrafad reagireben calkeul moswavleTa Seferxebebze da sTavazoben maT adekvatur daxmarebas (skafoldingi); aZleven am moswavleebs xelaxla mosinj-visa da warmatebis miRwevis Sanss;

- adekvatur aqtivobebSi CarTviTa da saTanado sirTulis davalebebis micemiT Semdgomi ganviTarebis SesaZleblobas aZleven warmatebul moswavleebs.

moswavleTa mier sakiTxis/unaris aTvisebis gadamowmebis Semdeg maswavlebeli svams iseT SekiTxvebs, rogorebicaa:

• vis sWirdeba axla Cemi yuradReba?

• romeli moswavleebi saWiroeben swavlebis sxvagvar midgomebs?

• romeli moswavleebi ver axerxeben axali codnis dauflebas?

• ra SemiZlia gavakeTo imisTvis, rom TiToeulma moswavlem gadadgas nabiji axali unarebis gamoyenebis mimarTulebiT?

ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba ramdenime ZiriTad safexurs moicavs, esenia:

ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis komponenti

magaliTi

sando informaciis Segrove-ba moswavlis mier ama Tu im konkretuli, samizne unaris/codnis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb

kviris ganmavlobaSi maswavlebeli fokusirebulad aswavlis teqstSi mocemuli eqsplicituri informa-ciis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebas da saTanado daskvne-bis gamotanas rogorc mxatvrul, ise informaciul teqstebSi. is agrovebs informacias moswavleTa mier am unaris aTviseba-gamoyenebis monitoringis mizniT, kerZod:

- usmens moswavleTa msjelobas mcire jgufebSi aqtivobis baraTze mocemuli sadiskusio Seki-Txvis irgvliv;

- ecnoba moswavleTa samwuTian werilobiT pa-suxebs teqstis mixedviT dasmul SekiTxvaze;

- mimoixilavs moswavleebis mier Sevsebul vi-zualur sqemas, romelic teqstSi mocemuli faqtebis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebas da das-kvnebis gamotanas moiTxovs.

Segrovebuli informaciis ana-lizi, Zlieri da gasaZlierebe-li mxareebis identificireba

monacemebi cxadyofs, rom xuT moswavles uWirs mxa-tvrul da sainformacio teqstebSi mocemuli eqs-plicituri informaciis (faqtebis, movlenebis, moq-medebebis) erTmaneTTan dakavSireba.es moswavleebi ver axerxeben abzacebisa da qveTa-vebis saTanadod Sejamebas, teqstis interpretacias da daskvnebis gamotanas. meore mxriv, maT advilad gamosdiT teqstSi eqspliciturad mocemuli infor-maciis moZieba.

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swavlebis procesSi Sesaferisi cvlileba-damatebebis Setana

maswavlebeli akompleqtebs xuTi moswavlisagan Sem-dgar specialur diferencirebul jgufs. am jgufs momdevno or gakveTilze eZleva sagangebod SerCeu-li davaleba _ waikiTxon mcire zomis (ramdenimea-bzaciani) informaciuli teqsti, Seavson kavSire-bis damyarebis sqema da Caweron masSi erTi an ori mniSvnelovani daskvna. jgufSi muSaobis dawyebamde maswavlebeli akeTebs davalebis Sesrulebis (sqemis Sevsebis) modelirebas xmamaRla fiqris gamoyenebiT. amis Semdeg moswavleebi damoukideblad asruleben davalebas da erTmaneTs uziareben namuSevrebs (ake-Teben miniprezentaciebs).

konstruqciuli ukukavSiris miwodeba moswavlisTvis

maswavlebeli awvdis jgufis wevrebs ukukavSirs rogorc damoukideblad muSaobis procesSi (waxa-liseba, miniSnebis micema, xelaxali modelireba da sxv.), ise davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg, namuSevrebis prezentaciis dros. TiToeuli prezentaciis Semdeg is sTxovs moswavleebs, TiTo komplimenti gamoTqvan klaselis namuSevarze. Semdeg TviTonac amaxvilebs yuradRebas dawerili daskvnebis Zlier mxareebze. aseve, aZlevs moswavleebs konkretul rekomenda-ciebs xarvezebis aRmosafxvrelad.

moswavlis mier samizne unaris gamoyenebisaTvis davalebis mi-cema

maswavlebeli aZlevs moswavleebs saSinao davale-bas, romelic hgavs klasSi Sesrulebul samuSaos. is ecnoba moswavleebis mier Sin Sevsebul sqemebs da miawers mokle, wamaxalisebel komentarebs.

swavlisa da aTvisebis Semowmeba moiTxovs maswavleblis did Zalisxmevasa da erTgule-bas. maswavlebelma unda gaisigrZeganos, rom moswavleebs aqvT gansxvavebuli saWiroebebi, romlebsac unda movargoT swavlebis meTodebi da tempi. zogierTi moswavle myisierad igebs axal sakiTxs da amitom SedarebiT rTuli davalebebi sWirdeba ganviTarebisTvis. zogierTi moswavlisTvis ki ganmeorebiTi swavleba da nabij-nabij daxmarebaa aucilebeli.

dakvirvebis gamoyeneba swavlisa da aTvisebis Sesamowmeblad

rac ufro meti viciT moswavleebis Sesaxeb, miT ukeT SegviZlia maTi daxmareba. dak-virvebis saSualebiT maswavlebels SeuZlia gaarkvios, ra ician moswavleebma da ra unda SeZlon ukeT. maswavlebels SeuZlia mniSvnelovani informacia moipovos, Tuki moswavleebis gverdiT dajdeba, daakvirdeba maT TamaSebSi da aqtivobebSi monawileobis dros, gulisyuriT mousmens maT saubars da a. S.

axali masalis/unaris swavlebisas mudam unda gvaxsovdes, rom yvela moswavle Tanabari warmatebiT ver aiTvisebs imas, rasac vaswavliT. amitom mniSvnelovania, rom gakveTilebze aTvisebisa da progresis Semowmebis sxvadasxva instrumenti gamoviyenoT. es SeiZleba iyos rogorc araformaluri, swrafi gadamowmeba, ise SedarebiT formaluri aqtivoba da siRr-miseuli dakvirvebac. moswavlis Sefasebis dros mxedvelobaSi iqonieT Semdegi sakiTxebi:

• uwyvetad daakvirdiT moswavleebis mier codnis dauflebisa da unarebis gawafvis process;

• yoveldRiurad SeagroveT informacia moswavleebis swavlisa da progresis Sesaxeb;

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• gamoiyeneT testirebebidan miRebuli informacia dakvirvebis Sedegad miRebuli informaciis Sesavsebad da dasazusteblad;

• periodulad sTxoveT moswavleebs, gamoiyenon `xmamaRla fiqri~. am gziT Tqven SeZlebT zustad gaigoT, ramdenad siRrmiseulia maTi codna;

• SeqmeniT da awarmoeT moswavleTa portfolioebi swavlis procesis mniSvnelovani etapebis amsaxveli namuSevrebiT;

• gamoiyeneT nebismieri saxis informacia, raTa SeZloT moswavlis zusti Sefaseba da swavlebis saTanado strategiebisa da midgomebis gansazRvra TiToeuli maTganisTvis.

dakvirvebis procesSi miRebuli informaciis CasaniSnad maswavleblebs SeuZliaT sxva-dasxva instrumentis gamoyeneba. mTavaria ara is, Tu romeli meTodis gamoyenebiT Sea-grovebs maswavlebeli informacias, aramed is, Tu rogor gamoiyenebs Segrovebul in-formacias moswavleTa saWiroebebis Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebebis misaRebad.

dakvirvebis aRnusxvis in-strumenti

instrumentis aRwera

mokle Canawerebi

gakveTilis msvlelobisas maswavlebels SeuZlia mokled Cain-iSnos mniSvnelovani informacia swavlis ama Tu im aspeqtis Sesaxeb (magaliTad: teqstSi faqtebis moZieba an sasveni niSnebis gamoyeneba). mokle Canawerebi moswavleTa akademiuri progresis aRnusxvisa da gaanalizebis kargi saSualebaa. Canawerebis gamoy-eneba sasargebloa gakveTilebis dasagegmad, diferencirebuli jgufebis dasakompleqteblad, mSoblebisaTvis Svilis moswre-baze informaciis gasacnobad da sxv.

monitoringis rveuli

calkeuli Canawerebis keTebis nacvlad maswavlebels SeuZlia iqonios specialuri rveuli, romelSic TiToeuli moswavlis swavlis Sesaxeb informacias CainiSnavs. am SemTxvevaSi calkeu-li moswavlis Sesaxeb wlis ganmavlobaSi gakeTebuli Canawerebi erT blokSi iqneba Tavmoyrili da maswavlebeli SeZlebs Tvali miadevnos moswavlis progress.

webovani qaRaldebi

maswavlebels SeuZlia Tan iqonios feradi webovani qaRaldebi da gakveTilis msvlelobis dros maTze gaakeTos Canawerebi. gakveTilis dasrulebis Semdeg mas SeuZlia feradi qaRaldebi moaTavsos monitoringis rveulis Sesabamis seqciaSi, moswavlis monacemebis gaswvriv.

moswavlis portfolio

sasurvelia TiToeuli moswavlisTvis Seiqmnas portfolio. mas-Si moTavsdeba standartebis miRwevis amsaxveli mniSvnelovani namuSevrebi. sabolood aikinZeba akademiuri wlis ganmavlobaSi moswavlis progresis amsaxveli krebuli. portfolios gamoy-eneba SesaZlebelia mSoblebTan Sexvedris dros. aseve, saWiroe-bisamebr, skolis administraciis wevrebsa da TanamSromlebTan gasaziareblad.

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varskvlavebi da safexurebi (aRweriTi ukukavSiri)

maswavleblis mier Sesavsebi forma `varskvlavebi da safexurebi~ aris werilobiTi saxis ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis instrumenti. misi gamoyeneba sasargebloa nebismier klassa da saganSi.

1. maswavlebeli gaacnobs moswavleebs saswavlo miznebs da warmarTavs aqtivobas (mag., moswavleebi waikiTxaven moTxrobas da Seqmnian personaJis rukas);

2. aqtivobis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli gaecnoba moswavleTa namuSevrebs da Seavsebs formas `varskvlavebi da safexurebi~;

3. maswavlebeli Cauwers moswavles komentars `varskvlavebis~ grafaSi, Tuki man xarisxianad Seasrula davaleba da miaRwia saswavlo mizans. mniSvnelovania, rom komentaris teqsti aRweriTi xasiaTis iyos (mag., Sen kargad gamokveTe personaJis ori mTavari Tviseba. geTanxmebi, rom is aris guladi da sazriani.~);

4. maswavlebeli gamokveTs im saswavlo mizans, romelsac moswavlem saTanadod ver miaRwia. is Cawers komentars gasaumjobesebeli aspeqtis Sesaxeb `safexurebis~ grafaSi. mniSvnelovania, rom komentari Seicavdes konkretuli gasaumjobesebeli aspeqtis aRwerasac da gadasadgmel nabijebsac (mag., `personaJis sazrianobaze avtori kidev gveubneba raRac mniSvnelovans. sasurvelia kidev erTi dasabuTeba amoiwero teqstidan.~)

5. maswavlebeli gadascems Sevsebul formebs moswavleebs. amiT maT miecemaT saSua-leba, gaacnobieron TavianTi miRwevebi da gamoiyenon komentarebi Sedegebis ga-saumjobeseblad.

forma `varskvlavebi da safexurebi~

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SuqniSnis ferebi

maswavlebeli daurigebs TiToeul moswavles an moswavleTa jgufs or cal wris formis baraTs (erTi mwvanea, meore _ wiTeli).

imis mixedviT, Tu rogor mimdinareobs aqtivoba da rogor arTmeven Tavs davalebas, moswavleebi asweven erT-erT baraTs da amiT mianiSneben, Tu ra saxis reagirebaa saWiro maswavleblis mxridan.

avtosadgomi

• maswavlebeli daamzadebs àvtosadgomis~ sqemas didformatian qaRaldze da gaakravs klasSi TvalsaCino adgilas. avtosadgomisTvis dafis erTi nawilis gamoyenebac SeiZleba;

• maswavlebeli auxsnis moswavleebs, Tu rogor gamoiyeneben am sqemas gakveTilis msvlelobisas. kerZod, nebismier momentSi moswavles SeuZlia, nebarTvis gareSe mivides avtosadgomTan da gaakeTos masze minaweri;

• gakveTilis msvlelobis procesSi, SesaZleblobis mixedviT, maswavlebeli periodulad gadaxedavs àvtosadgomis~ minawerebs da gaakeTebs maTze Sesabamis reagirebas _ madlobas ixdis komentarebisTvis da pasuxobs dasmul SekiTxvebs.

sasurvelia maswavlebelma àvtosadgoms~ gakveTilis Semdegac gadaxedos da gaiTva-liswinos moswavleTa komentarebi momdevno gakveTilebis dagegmvisa da warmarTvis dros. amgvarad, maswavlebeli zedmeti drois daxarjvis gareSe gaigebs, ramdenad efeq-turia Catarebuli gakveTilebi da sad awydebian moswavleebi problemebs. maswavlebels SeuZlia saWiroebisamebr Secvalos simboloebi da miTiTebebi, Seamciros an gazardos àvtosadgomis~ grafebis raodenoba.

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sqema `avtosadgomi~

+ am gakveTilze momwons ................. ? kargad ver gavige. / maqvs SekiTxva.

SekiTxvebis gamoyeneba ganmaviTarebeli SefasebisTvis

SekiTxvebis dasma da maTze pasuxebis Zieba swavlebis erT-erTi sakvanZo elementia. kar-gad Camoyalibebuli SekiTxvebi saSualebas gvaZlevs davadginoT, ra aiTvises moswa-vleebma, ras akeTeben arasworad, ra unda iswavlon xelaxla an damatebiT. SekiTxvebs, ZiriTadad, maswavleblebi svamen, Tumca, efeqtur saswavlo procesSi moswavleebs xSi-rad eZlevaT SekiTxvebis mofiqrebisa da dasmis saSualeba. SekiTxvebis dasma kiTxvis dawyebamde, kiTxvis dros da wakiTxvis Semdeg kargi mkiTxvelis aRzrdis yvelaze Zlieri strategiaa.

amitom moswavlis SekiTxvam, rogoric unda iyos igi, ki ar unda dagvafrTxos, aramed gagvamxnevos da wagvaxalisos. kargi SekiTxvebis dasmiT moswavleebi ufro Rrmad Sei-mecneben sakiTxs. aseT dros maswavleblebsac eZlevaT saSualeba TvalsaCinod dainaxon, Tu ramdenad Rrmad gaiazres moswavleebma esa Tu is teqsti. efeqturi SekiTxvebiT moswavleebi erTvebian nayofier saklaso diskusiebSi. sasurvelia SekiTxvebi gascdes teqstis zedapirs, rac moswavlisgan mxolod da mxolod faqtebisa da movlenebis gaxse-nebas moiTxovs.

arasakmarisad daxelovnebuli maswavleblis mier SekiTxvis dasma gamokiTxvas ufro emsgavseba, romlis drosac moswavleebi erTaderTi swori pasuxis moZebnaze wvaloben. SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacemisa da diskusiaSi monawileobis dros, rogorc wesi, moswavle-Ta mcire, aqtiuri nawili dominirebs, maSin roca naklebad Tavdajerebulebi iSviaTad erTvebian procesSi. is, rom 32-bavSvian klasSi Svidma bavSvma gaigo sakiTxi (aiTvisa unari), ra Tqma unda, ar niSnavs, rom 32-ivem gaigo.

rac Seexeba moswavleTa mier dasmul SekiTxvebs, maTze pasuxis gacemis dros, yovel-Tvis moerideT moswavlis gakritikebas (`rogor svam aseT SekiTxvas?~) an damcirebas (`es uazro SekiTxvaa~). gaxsovdeT, rom klasSi tonsa da atmosferos Tqven amkvidrebT. Tu moswavleebs damamcireblad elaparakebiT, isinic mogbaZaven da aseve isaubreben.

sasurvelia, rom maswavleblis mier dasmuli SekiTxvebi moiTxovdes ara mxolod fa-qtobrivi informaciis gaxsenebas, aramed wakiTxulis analizs, Sefasebas, kritikulad gaazrebas. aseve mniSvnelovania, rom zogierTi SekiTxva kiTxvisa da weris strategiebis gamoyenebis efeturobas Seexebodes. qvemoT mocemulia sxvadasxva saazrovno donis Se-sabamisi SekiTxvebis nimuSebi:

• riT hgvanan erTmaneTs da riT gansxvavdebian _________ da _________?

• ra Tvisebebi axasiaTebs / ra nawilebisgan Sedgeba ____________?

• kidev rogor SegiZliaT gamoxatoT _____________?

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• ra mTavari azri udevs safuZvlad ____________s?

• rogor ukavSirdeba erTmaneTs __________ da __________?

• ra ideebs/detalebs daamatebdiT?

• daasaxleT ___________is magaliTi.

• ra daskvnebs gamoitandiT _______________dan?

• ras varaudobT _____________is Sesaxeb?

• ra moxdeboda, Tuki __________________?

• ris mixedviT SeafasebdiT ___________s?

• ra faqtebi adasturebs imas, rom ______________?

• rogor daamtkicebdiT/daadasturebdiT imas, rom ____________?

• kidev rogor SeiZleba __________s danaxva? sxvagvarad rogor SexedavdiT ________s?

• ra midgomas an strategias airCevdiT imisTvis, rom ____________?

• romeli unarebi/strategiebi gamoiyeneT ____________Tvis?

• kidev rogor aris SesaZlebeli ____________is gakeTeba?

pasuxis furclebi

maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom mozrdili asoebiT daweron mokle pasuxi das-mul SekiTxvaze calke furcelze da daelodon signals. maswavleblis niSanze yvela moswavle erTdroulad aswevs maRla sakuTar furcels ise, rom maswavlebelma dainaxos nawerebi. aqtivobis mTel klasTan gamoyenebiT igi advilad SeamCnevs, vin rogori pasuxi dawera. mniSvnelovania, rom aqtivobaSi yvela bavSvma miiRos monawileoba da furcle-bic erTdroulad aswion.

diax/ara baraTebi

esaa pasuxis furclebis erT-erTi variacia. maswavlebeli TiToeul moswavles aZlevs winaswar damzadebul or-or baraTs. erT baraTze didi asoebiT weria `diax~ (`ki~), xolo meoreze _ `ara~. SeiZleba ormxrivi baraTis damzadebac. aseT baraTs erT mxares `diax~ aweria, meore mxares ki _ `ara~. maswavlebeli svams daxuruli tipis (diax/ara) SekiTx-vas da mcire dros aZ levs moswavleebs pasuxis mosafiqreblad. maswavleblis signalze moswavleebi asweven Sesabamis baraTs. maswavlebeli advilad SeamCnevs, vin ra pasuxi gasca SekiTxvas.

miniSneba cera TiTiT

moswavleebs SeuZliaT, xelis niSnebi gamoiyenon imis saCveneblad, Tu rogor gaiges sa-kiTxi. pasuxis baraTebis msgavsad, xelis niSnebis aqtivoba mTeli klasis monawileobas moiTxovs. am aqtivobiT maswavlebels saSualeba eZleva gadaamowmos gageba-gaazrebis done moswavleTa rogorc mcire, ise mozrdil jgufebSi.

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ceri maRla ceri gverdze ceri dabla

gavige da SemiZlia avxsna. kargad ver gavige sakiTxi.

daxmareba mWirdeba ukeT gasaazreblad.

jer ar mesmis. / ver gavige.

posterebi

mcire jgufebSi moswavleebs SeuZliaT posterebis Seqmna sakuTari naxatebiT an Jurna-lebidan amoWrili suraTebiT. posterebze moswavleebi Seajameben imas, rac konkretuli Temis/sakiTxis garSemo Seiswavles; warmoadgenen wakiTxuli wignis mniSvnelovan elemen-tebs, ZiriTadi azrebisa da cnebebis kavSirs sxva ideebTan. posterebis klasSi gamokvra siamayis grZnobas gauRvivebs moswavleebs. maswavlebeli gaaanalizebs, rogor gaiazres moswavleebma teqsti, ra darCa maTi yuradRebis miRma da raze gaamaxvilos yuradReba momdevno gakveTilebze.

qvizebi

qvizi aris saxaliso, swrafi testi, romelsac saswavlo procesSi xSirad iyeneben moswa-vleTa codnis gadasamowmeblad. saskolo qvizebi, ZiriTadad, ori saxisaa: 1. Seicavs swor an araswor Tezisebs (mag., `yvelaze bejiTi da Wkviani goWi iyo naf-nafi.~ `aleq-sandre makedonelis jarma iaponiamde miaRwia.~), 2. Seicavs ramdenime SekiTxvas, romel-Tagan TiToeuls sami an oTxi savaraudo pasuxi axlavs. qvizebi imiTaa kargi, rom Sevse-bis Semdeg moswavleebs ar uwevT ukukavSiris didxans lodini. swrafi ukukavSirisTvis maswavleblebs SeuZliaT qvemoT aRwerili proceduris gamoyeneba.

• moswavleebi vertikaluri xazis gaswvriv Suaze gakecaven rveulis furcels da Camoweren testuri davalebis nomrebs rogorc marcxena, ise marjvena svetSi;

• moswavleebi daiwyeben qvizis furclis Sevsebas _ marcxena svetSi nomrebs miaweren SerCeul pasuxebs. Semdeg zustad imave pasuxebs gadaitanen marjvena svetSic (sabolood, marjvena sveti marcxenas asli unda iyos);

• qvizis furclis Sevsebis Semdeg furcels Suaze gaxeven (gadakecil xazze) da marjvena svets qulebis dasaTvlelad Caabareben maswavlebels.

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yvela furclis Segrovebis Semdeg maswavlebels SeuZlia swori pasuxebi ukarnaxos moswavleebs da maT Tavadve daajamebinos sakuTari qulebi. am gziT moswavleebi gai-geben, ra Sedegi miiRes qvizSi. sasurvelia maswavlebeli waruZRves msjelobas imis Se-saxeb, Tu ra gamouvidaT kargad moswavleebs da ratom dauSves Secdomebi.

gamosaZaxebeli Cxirebi

maswavleblebs sCveviaT erTi da imave moswavleebisaTvis kiTxvebis dasma da sxvadasxva davalebis micema. xSirad es sruliad gaucnobiereblad xdeba, Tumca moswavleebi amas kargad xedaven. zogierTi moswavle, icis ra, rom maswavlebeli mainc ar gamoiZaxebs, ubralod aRarc ki usmens mas. gamosaZaxebeli Cxirebi maswavlebels exma-reba yvelasTvis Tanabari SesaZleblobebis micemaSi. es aris martivi da Zalze efeqturi strategia.

maswavlebeli TiTo Cxirze dawers TiTo moswavlis saxels da moaTavseben Cxirebs WiqaSi. gakveTilis msvle-lobisas is dasvams SekiTxvas an Camoayalibebs miTiTe-bas. Semdeg WiqaSi Cauxedavad amoiRebs Cxirs, romelzec erT-erTi bavSvis saxeli weria. kiTxvis dasmamde Cxiris amoReba ar aris mizanSewonili. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi sxva moswavleebi SekiTxvas/miTiTebas aRar moismenen. mas Semdeg, rac gamoZaxebuli moswavle kiTxvas upasuxebs, maswavlebeli Caabrunebs Cxirs WiqaSi. amiT moswavleebs uCvenebs, rom SeiZleba kvlav mouwioT pasuxis gacema da yuradRebiT unda iyvnen.

gamoZaxebis Cxirebi moswavleTa Soris klasSi davalebebis ganawilebis kargi saSuale-baa. maswavlebels SeuZlia alalbedze amoiRos Cxiri da ase gansazRvros, vin waikiTxavs amonarids saxelmZRvanelodan, vin gauziarebs sxvebs daweril winadadebas, vin iqneba

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pirveli, meore, mesame... an vin visi mewyvile iqneba. maswavleblebs SeuZliaT Cxirebi sxvadasxva mizniT gamoiyenon.

faqtobrivi ieriSi

faqtobrivi ieriSi aris Semajamebeli aqtivoba, romelic mTeli klasis mier gavlili masalis gameorebiT iwyeba da moswavleTa wyvilebsa da mcire jgufebSi informaciis xelmeore gadamuSavebiT grZeldeba. saklaso gonebrivi ieriSi am SefasebiTi aqtivobis pirveli safexuria. mas Semdeg, rac Tavis Seswavla-damuSavebas daasrulebT, CamowereT SinaarsTan dakavSirebuli faqtebis, movlenebis, ideebis, principebis, cnebebis, faqto-rebis, maxasiaTeblebis, wyaroebis, qveTemebis, personaJebis, jgufebis, mTavari gmirebis da a. S. CamonaTvali. Semdeg SesTavazeT, airCion ramdenime weriTi aqtivoba, rac moswa-vleebs informaciis sxvadasxva xerxiT organizebisa da kritikulad gaazrebis saSuale-bas miscems. es aqtivoba gaaRrmavebs moswavleTa mier gavlil TavSi asaxuli cnebebisa da mimarTebebis gaazrebas. bavSvebi enTuziazmiT asruleben davalebas, vinaidan arCeva-nis elementi (rac diferencirebuli gakveTilis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi principia) maT sakuTari codnis gamoxatvis formebis arCevis saSualebas aniWebs.

msvleloba

1. maswavlebeli dafis erT mxares Camowers aqtivobebis sias moswavleebisTvis amo-sarCevad (qvemoT ixileT ramdenime magaliTi);

2. dafis meore mxares Camowers gavlil teqstebs, magaliTad, `Tovli movida!~, `gu-liT satarebeli saCuqari~, `saxli~. maswavleblis TxovniT moswavleebi gaixsene-ben da daasaxeleben am teqstebis SinaarsTan dakavSirebul mniSvnelovan, sakvanZo sityvebs, romlebic aseve Camoiwereba dafaze;

3. maswavlebeli sTavazobs moswavleebs, Sesasruleblad airCion romelime aqtivo-ba. moswavleebs eZlevaT damoukideblad, mewyvilesTan an mcire jgufSi muSao-bis saSualeba. amasTanave, maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, rom gamoiyenon rac SeiZleba meti termini dafaze dawerili mniSvnelovani sityvebis CamonaTvalidan;

4. moswavleebi 10-15 wuTis ganmavlobaSi muSaoben furclebze. Semdeg jgufebSi erTmaneTs uziareben sakuTar namuSevrebs. amgvarad, isini sxvadasxva perspeqti-vidan mimoixilaven gavlil masalas;

5. gakveTilis bolos SesaZlebelia, rom moswavleebma CamonaTvalidan kidev erTi aqtivoba SearCion saSinao davalebis saxiT.

SeTavazebuli aqtivobebis nimuSi

maswavleblis instruqcia: `Tqven mier Seqmnili CamonaTvalidan SearCieT erT-erTi aq-tivoba da SeasruleT. scadeT gamoiyenoT rac SeiZleba bevri mniSvnelovani sityva da-faze mocemuli siidan.

• airCieT erTi personaJi. SeadareT igi sxva moTxrobis romelime personaJs an Tqveni jgufis romelime wevrs. aRwereT da daasabuTeT konkretuli msgavsebebi da gansxvavebebi;

• airCieT romelime personaJi da aRwereT, Tu rogor icvleba igi moTxrobaSi. axseniT am cvlilebis mizezi da Sedegi;

• airCieT personaJis, sul mcire, ori Tviseba da moitaneT Sesabamisi magaliTebi moTxrobidan;

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• airCieT, sul mcire, sami movlena wakiTxuli teqstebidan da ganixileT, romeli maTgani axdens mniSvnelovan gavlenas mTavar personaJze;

• daasuraTeT, sul mcire, ori sakvanZo movlena moTxrobidan da werilobiT aRwereT TiToeuli maTganis mniSvneloba;

• airCieT erT-erTi mTavari personaJis, sul mcire, ori moqmedeba da imsjeleT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ratom iqceva igi ase.

efeqturi aqtivobebi da instrumentebi ganmaviTarebeli SefasebisTvis

arsebobs ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis instrumentTa vrceli nairsaxeoba. qvemoT gTava-zobT iseTi instrumentebis nakrebs, romlebic advilad gamoiyeneba saswavlo procesis msvlelobisas, uSualod gakveTilebze. es instrumentebi gvexmareba, swrafad gadava-mowmoT mimdinare saswavlo situaciis efeqturoba. maTi gamoyenebiT SegviZlia swrafad gavigoT, Tu rogor mogvyvebian moswavleebi, ras iTviseben da raSi sWirdebaT damate-biTi daxmareba.

Semajamebeli SekiTxvebi

drogamoSvebiT maswavlebeli aZlevs moswavleebs werilobiT davalebas da sTxovs, furclis/baraTis erT mxares daweron damuSavebuli teqstis mTavari azri maqsimum sami winadadebiT; furclis meore mxares ki dasvan SekiTxva teqstis im nawilis Sesaxeb, romelic kargad ver gaiges.

12-sityviani re-ziume (Sejameba)

gakveTilis dasrulebisas maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, daweron reziume (Sejameba), romlisTvisac mxolod 12 sityvas gamoiyeneben. es ex-mareba maswavlebels imis dadgenaSi, Tu ramdenad aiTvises moswavleebma gakveTilis masala da misi ZiriTadi komponentebi. sityvebis raodenobis SezRudva aiZulebs~ moswavleebs, yvelaze mniSvnelovan azrebs mouyaron Tavi. SesaZlebelia sityvebis nacvlad winadadebebis raodenobis SezRud-vac (magaliTad, daweron reziume ori an sami winadadebiT).

erTwuTiani esei erTwuTiani esei aris swrafi werilobiTi reagireba konkretul SekiTx-vaze.

analogiebi analogiebis motana ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis erT-erTi yvelaze sasar-geblo strategiaa. analogiebis gakeTebiT moswavleebi gamoavlenen imas, Tu ramdenad siRrmiseulad gaiazres mocemuli teqsti. maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, daasaxelon analogia maTTvis ukve nacnob sakiTxsa da axal informacias Soris. amisaTvis SesaZlebelia analogiis qargis gamoyenebac:________________ (cneba, procesi, personaJi) hgavs _______________ -s, vinaidan _____________________________________________________ .

cnebis/goneb-rivi ruka

maswavlebeli sTavazobs moswavleebs, Seavson sxvadasxva vizualuri sqe-ma/grafikuli organizatori. Sevsebuli sqemebis/formebis gadamowmebiT maswavlebeli daadgens, Tu rogor gaiazres moswavleebma kavSirebi da mimarTebebi cnebebs, movlenebs, ideebs Soris.

moswavlesTan gasaubreba

maswavlebeli atarebs erTi-erTze gasaubrebas moswavlesTan, raTa gaark-vios, Tu ramdenad gaiazra moswavlem sakiTxi/teqsti da ramdenad kargad daeufla ama Tu im unars.

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samwuTiani pauza

maswavlebeli gamoyofs dros axali masalis gasaazreblad. is SeCerdeba da sTxovs moswavleebs, dafiqrdnen klasSi warmodgenil axal cnebebsa da ideeb ze, daukavSiron isini sakuTar codna-gamocdilebas, axsnan da ganmarton isini. SesaZlebelia winadadebebis qargis gamoyenebac:

• me Semecvala warmodgena _______________-is Sesaxeb. • me ukeT gavige _______________.• me gamikvirda, rom _________________________.• me _____________ davukavSire ____________-s. • me TanagrZnoba gamiCnda _____________-is mimarT.

gasasvleli bileTebi

gakveTilis dasawyisSi maswavlebeli dafaze dawers SekiTxvas wina gakve-Tilze gavlili sakiTxis Sesaxeb da sTxovs moswavleebs, daweron pasuxi mcire zomis baraTebze. Semdeg Seagrovebs baraTebs, swrafad gadaavlebs Tvals da dafiqrdeba, ra aris saWiro gavlili masalis mimoxilvisa da ganmtkicebisTvis. sasurvelia am proceduris gamoyeneba gakveTilis bo-losac, raTa gairkves, Tu rogor gaiges da aiTvises moswavleebma am gak-veTilze miRebuli axali informacia.

Cemi rCeuli `m~ es wina aqtivobis erT-erTi variaciaa. roca maswavlebeli gakveTilis dasawyisSi moswavleTa baraTebs Seagrovebs, gadaxedvis procesSi daaxa-risxebs maT or jgufad. erT mxares gadadebs swor pasuxebs, xolo meore mxares _ araswori (mcdar) pasuxebs, Semdeg swrafad gadaavlebs Tvali `araswor~ baraTebs, SearCevs erT-erT baraTs da ganixilavs mas klasSi. ganxilva iwyeba baraTis Sinaarsis pozitiuri mxaris aRniSvniT. amis Sem-deg maswavlebeli gadadis Secdomaze, saubrobs Secdomis mizezebsa da Sesworebis gzebze. es aqtivoba kargia imisaTvis, raTa:

• dabali moswrebis mqone moswavleebs xeli SeewyoT mcdari warmo-dgenebis Sesworebasa da gaaqtiurebaSi;

• sakiTxis swavlebis mimdinareobisas yuradReba gamaxvildes iseT sakvanZo Secdomebze, romlebsac xSirad uSveben xolme.

mibrundi da isaubre

gakveTilis dawyebidan 10-15 wuTSi maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, mi-brundnen partniorisken. mniSvnelovania, rom wyvilebma ganixilon, ra aris axsnil masalaSi yvelaze mniSvnelovani, ra informacia unda daimax-sovron. sasurvelia, Camoweron ZiriTadi cnebebi an daweron erTi Sema-jamebeli winadadeba, romelSic sakvanZo cnebebs/sityvebs gamoiyeneben.

feradi baraTebi

yvela moswavles urigdeba ori feris (wiTeli da mwvane) mcire zomis ba-raTebi. maswavlebeli sTxovs moswavleebs, damoukidebeli muSaobis pro-cesSi awion Sesabamisi baraTi imis mixedviT, Tu rogor mimdinareobs es procesi.mwvane baraTi niSnavs: `me kargad vmuSaob. problema ar maqvs.~wiTeli baraTi niSnavs: `me davibeni da ar vici, rogor gavagrZelo.~maswavlebels SeuZlia, mivides da individualurad imuSaos im bavSvebTan, romlebmac wiTeli baraTi aswies. aseve SesaZlebelia am bavSvebis calke Sekreba klasSi da maTTvis mokle xelSemwyobi instruqtaJis Catareba. SesaZlebelia mwvane baraTebis konsultantebad `mimagreba~ wiTel bara-Tebze (individualurad an mcire jgufebSi).

SeCerdi da CainiSne

gakveTilis msvlelobisas erTxel mainc maswavlebeli SeCerdeba da das-vams mniSvnelovan SekiTxvas, romelic pirdapir ukavSirdeba swavlebis mizans. moswavleebi individualurad daweren pasuxs, Semdeg ki ganixila-ven wyvilebSi.

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reziume da SekiTxvebi baraTebze

periodulad maswavlebeli moswavleebs daurigebs baraTebs da sTxovs:• baraTis erT mxares daweron mniSvnelovani, mTavari azri, rac gai-

ges mocemuli sakiTxis, Temis Sesaxeb; • baraTis meore mxares daweron SekiTxva an winadadeba imis Sesaxeb,

rac bolomde naTeli ar aris.

a-b-g reziume klasis TiToeul moswavles eZleva esa Tu is aso-bgera. moswavleebi SearCeven sityvebs, romlebic Seswavlil TemasTanaa dakavSirebuli da am asoTi iwyeba. SesaZlebelia TiTo mniSvnelovani sityvis arCeva da am sityvaze vizualuri sqemis Sevseba.

debrifingi es aris refleqsia, romelic uSualod mosdevs aqtivobas. rogorc wesi, debrifingis fasilitatori/wamyvani svams iseT SekiTxvebs, rogorebicaa: ra igrZeniT aqtivobis msvlelobis dros? ras grZnobT axla? rogor fiqrobT, ratom? ras fiqrobT aqtivobis Sesaxeb? riT iyo es aqtivoba sasargeblo piradad TqvenTvis? jgufisTvis? sad, rodis da rogor Sei-Zleba am aqtivobis Sedegebis gamoyeneba? ra daskvnebs gamoitandiT, ra iswavleT?

moswavlis portfolio

maswavlebeli periodulad gadaxedavs moswavlis portfolios da mas-Si asaxul progress. portfolio mniSvnelovani namuSevrebis krebulia. sasurvelia am namuSevrebs sagangebod SerCeva, daTariReba da daxarisxeba imis mixedviT, Tu romeli mimarTulebiT gviCvenebs moswavlis miRwevebs (kiTxva, wera, zepirmetyveleba da a. S.); portfolio aseve Seicavs moswa-vlis pirovnul refleqsias, romelSic is aRwers, Tu ratom SearCia namu-Sevari da romeli konkretuli unarebis aTvisebaSi winsvlas asaxavs igi.

dRiuris Canaweri

moswavleebi sakuTar rveulSi/wignakSi Caweren imas, Tu rogor gaiazres sakiTxi, cneba, informacia. maswavlebeli gadaxedavs da gadaamowmebs, ramdenad kargad aiTvisa moswavlem gakveTilis masala.

pasuxebi qoroSi maswavleblis miniSnebaze yvela moswavle erTdroulad, xmamaRla pasux-obs dasmul SekiTxvas.

erTwinadadebi-ani Sejameba

moswavleebi weren Semajamebel winadadebas, romelic pasuxobsTemasTan dakavSirebul SekiTxvebs: vin? ra? sad? rodis? ratom? rogor?

erTsityviani Sejameba (reziume)

moswavleebi moifiqreben erT sityvas, romelic yvelaze ukeT Seajamebs Temas/sakiTxs.

oTxi kuTxe maswavlebeli klasSi waradgens konkretul Teziss (mosazrebas). moswa-vleebi irCeven pozicias da dgebian saklaso oTaxis erT-erT kuTxeSi.• pirveli kuTxe: sruliad veTanxmebi • meore kuTxe: ufro veTanxmebi, vidre ar veTanxmebi • mesame kuTxe: ufro ar veTanxmebi, vidre veTanxmebi • meoTxe kuTxe: kategoriulad ar veTanxmebi

mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi kuTxeebSi gadanawildebian, maT eZlevaT saSualeba, Seajeron sakuTari mosazrebebi da amis Semdeg gauziaron isi-ni klass.

Savi laqa es aris `erTwuTiani moxseneba~ SekiTxvaze: `ra iyo dRevandeli gakve-Tilis Savi laqa?~ rogorc wesi, aqtivoba tardeba gakveTilis bolos, masalis axsnis an maswavleblis minileqciis dasrulebisas. SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma asec dasvas SekiTxva: `ra dagvrCa gaurkveveli _______ sa-kiTxSi?~ SesaZlebelia, rom saubari erT wuTze metxansac gagrZeldes.

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swrafi wera strategiis mixedviT moswavleebs eZlevaT 2-5 wuTi maswavleblis mier dasmul Ria SekiTxvaze an miniSnebaze werilobiTi pasuxis gasacemad wa-kiTxvamde, wakiTxvis dros da/an wakiTxvis Semdeg.

marTuli parafrazi

moswavleebi sakuTari sityvebiT ajameben gasuli gakveTilis an adre Seswavlili masalis mTavar azrs.

debati mosazrebis/Tezisis gacnobis Semdeg moswavleebi ikaveben im mxares, ro-melsac eTanxmebian mocemuli Tezisis Sesaxeb. ori mxare erTmaneTs uzia-rebs Tavis argumentebs. saubris Semdeg moswavleebs ufleba eZlevaT, Seicvalon mxare.

sityvebis daxarisxeba

moswavleebs eZlevaT sityvebis/cnebebis nakrebi. maT unda daaxarisxon/daajgufon sityvebi winaswar micemuli an maT mier mofiqrebuli kate-goriebis mixedviT.

pasuxebi wreSi moswavleebi (mTeli klasi an jgufi) sxdebian wreze. maswavlebeli warud-gens maT konkretul SekiTxvas an dasamuSavebel sakiTxs. yvela moswavle wers pasuxs baraTze/furcelze. maswavleblis signalze yvela gadaawv-dis Tavis baraTs marjvniv mjdom moswavles. yvela moswavle agrZelebs weras marcxniv mjdomi moswavlisgan miRebul baraTze. ase grZeldeba manam, sanam yvelas Tavisi baraTi ar daubrundeba. moswavleebi ecnobian baraTze daweril informacias, rasac mosdevs Semajamebeli diskusia.

sokratuli sem-inari

moswavleebi erTmaneTs usvamen SekiTxvebs mniSvnelovani sakiTxis, Temis an SerCeuli teqstis Sesaxeb. SekiTxvebs mosdevs dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxi da axali SekiTxvebi.

gamoZaxeba nom-rebiT

moswavleebi iyofian oTxkacian jgufebad. TiToeul maTgans eniWeba gar-kveuli nomeri (erTidan oTxamde). maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas/proble-mas, romelzedac jgufis oTxive wevri erToblivad msjelobs. garkveuli drois Semdeg maswavlebeli asaxelebs nomers. swored am nomris mqone moswavleebi iReben pasuxismgeblobas jgufSi ganxiluli informaciis mTeli klasisTvis gaziarebaze.

gaseirneba galereaSi

mas Semdeg, rac moswavleebi didformatian qaRaldze gadaitanen TavianT pasuxebs, daskvnebsa da mosazrebebs, namuSevrebi klasSi gaikvreba. SesaZlebelia, rom TiToeulma jgufma daniSnos `gidi~, romelic namu-SevarTan axlos dadgeba. moswavleTa jgufebi gadaadgildebian klasSi, aTvaliereben sxva jgufebis namuSevrebs da kiTxvebs usvamen `gids~. Sem-deg brundebian TavianT jgufebSi namuSevrebis gansaxilvelad da Ta-vianT `gidebsac~ acnoben sxva jgufebisgan miRebul informacias.

erTi SekiTxva da erTi komen-tari

moswavleebs wasakiTxad eZlevaT teqsti (an erTi nawyveti). teqstis Si-naarsis mixedviT maT unda moifiqron erTi SekiTxva da erTi komentari. moswavlebi morigeobiT uziareben klass (an jgufs) mofiqrebul Seki-Txvasa da komentars, rasac aqtiuri diskusia mosdevs. diskusiis msvle-lobisas momdevno moswavles SeuZlia jer upasuxos wina moswavlis mier dasmul SekiTxvas an gamoexmauros komentars, Semdeg ki Tavisi SekiTxva da komentari warmoTqvas. aqtiur fazaSi Sesvlisas moswavleebs Soris siRrmiseuli dialogi imarTeba da yvela moswavles eZleva saSualeba, wakiTxul teqsts axleburad Sexedos.

rubrika es aris Sefasebis sqema, romelic moicavs Sefasebis kriteriumebsa da Sefasebis Skalas. sxvadasxva unaris Sesafasebeli rubrikebis xilva Se-saZlebelia maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis erovnuli centris vebgverdze: http://tpdc.ge/essentials/rubrics

http://tpdc.ge/essentials/rubrics

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konstruqciuli ukukavSiri

ukukavSiri aris reagireba imaze, Tu rogor asrulebs moswavle ama Tu im davalebas da rogor iyenebs codnas/unarebs misi Sesrulebis dros. rogorc wesi, ukukavSirs zepiri an werilobiTi komentaris saxe aqvs da moicavs Sefasebas, waxalisebas da rCevebs.

ukukavSiri swavlisSefasebis arsebiTi nawilia. swavlis Sefaseba gansxvavdeba naswavlis Sefasebisgan. misi saSualebiT Segrovebuli informacia konkretuli mizniT gamoiyeneba _ davexmaroT moswavleebs akademiuri moswrebis gaumjobesebaSi uSualod swavlis pro-cesSi, anu manamde, sanam Semajamebel Sefasebamde mivalT.

rogor zemoqmedebs ukukavSiri moswavleTa swavlis motivaciasa da Sedegebze? mravali kvleva adasturebs ukukavSiris did gavlenas moswrebaze. aRmoCnda, rom gavlena Sei-Zleba iyos dadebiTic iyos da uaryofiTic. es bevr faqtorzea damokidebuli: ukukavSi-ris tipze, miwodebis drosa da formaze. amas garda, ukukavSiris struqtura, fokusi da moculobac mniSvnelovnad ganapirobebs mis efeqturobas. ukukavSiris zogierTi tipi, magaliTad, uxeSi negatiuri Sefaseba, sxva moswavleebTan Sedareba, sajarod gakritike-ba klasis winaSe, gamokveTilad uaryofiT zegavlenas axdens swavlasa da motivaciaze. aseTi ukukavSiri STaagonebs moswavleebs, rom isini arasakmarisad unarianebi arian, rac amcirebs maT swrafvas warmatebisken.

efeqturi ukukavSiri aucileblad Seicavs pasuxs sam SekiTxvaze:

1. ra gakeTda kargad?

komplimenti da Seqeba aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom moswavlem: • umtkivneulod miiRos kritikuli SeniSvnebi da daiwyos fiqri

gasaumjobesebel mxareebze; • gaacnobieros sakuTari Zlieri mxareebi da aqtiurad gamoy-

enos isini momavalSi; • Tavdajerebulad da motivirebulad gaagrZelos swavla.

mniSvnelovania, rom ukukavSiri Seicavdes erTze met kompliments samuSaos Sesrulebis sruliad konkretuli aspeqtebis Sesaxeb. unda moveridoT daumsaxurebel qebas.

2. ra saWiroebs gaum-jobesebas?

zogjer aucilebelia samuSaos Sesrulebis negatiur aspeqtebze kon-centrireba, raTa moswavlem:

• yuradReba gaamaxvilos gasaumjobesebel mxareebze da gaaanalizos isini;

• Segnebulad aaridos Tavi xarvezebis gameorebas momavalSi. mniSvnelovania, rom ukukavSiri konkretulad aRwerdes imas, Tu ris gaumjobesebas moelian moswavlisgan. zogjer metad sasargebloa re-fleqsiuri SekiTxvis dasma, raTa moswavlem Tavad gamoTqvas gasaum-jobesebeli mxareebi. unda moveridoT pirovnebis gakritikebas, mkacr tons da iseT aspeqtebze saubars, romelTa faqtobrivi dasabuTebac gagviZneldeba.

3. rogor unda gaum-jobesdes .............. ?

efeqturi ukukavSiri moswavles awvdis detalur da konkretul in-formacias swavlis gaumjobesebis gzebis Sesaxeb. moswavlem aucileb-lad unda miiRos mkafio miTiTebebi da rCevebi gaumjobesebisTvis saWiro Semdgomi moqmedebebis Sesaxeb, raTa man:

• aiRos pasuxismgebloba gaumjobesebaze; • gadadgas praqtikuli, Tanmimdevruli nabijebi samuSaos ukeT

Sesasruleblad da saswavlo miznis misaRwevad; • gauZlierdes TviTrwmena da samuSaos ukeT Sesrulebis molo-

dini. mniSvnelovania, rom ukukavSiri konkretul (arabundovan da araab-straqtul) informacias iZleodes imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra unda gaakeTos moswavlem ukukavSiris miRebis Semdeg.

346

gan

mav

iT

arebel

i S

ef

aseba

ukukavSiri, upirvelesad, unda Se-exebodes moswavlis saWiroebebsa da saswavlo miznebs. sasurvelia, rekomendaciebis rao-denoba ors ar aRematebodes.

kvleva da praqtika gveubneba, rom ukukavSirs kons-truqciuli efeqti aqvs, rodesac is:

- mibmuli da fokusirebulia dasaxul saswa-vlo miznebze/amocanebze. moswavlisTvis na-Teli unda iyos, Tu ris codnas da romel unars exeba ukukavSiri;

- aris konkretuli. ar aris zogadi da fragmentuli. fokusirebulia swavlis erT an or praqtikul aspeqtze. Seicavs detalebsa da informacias konkretuli dava-lebis/aqtivobis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb;

- iZleva sasargeblo, praqtikul informacias ama Tu im unaris gawafvisaTvis an strategiis gamoyenebisaTvis, aseve, rCevebs konkretuli xarvezis aRmosafxvre-lad. rekomendaciebis ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia drois gansazRvrul periodSi;

- aris obieqturi, eyrdnoba faqtobriv informacias da gamyarebulia konkretuli magaliTebiT. aRweriTi tipisaa da ar exeba moswavlis pirovnul maxasiaTeblebs;

- formulirebulia mkafiod, gasagebad da megobruli toniT. ar Seicavs uxeS kri-tikas da bundovan, zogad miTiTebebs. ar aris zedmetad vrceli;

- aris drouli. miewodeba samuSaos/davalebis Sesrulebis procesSi, samuSaos das-rulebisTanave an dasrulebidan arcTu didi drois gasvlis Semdeg. momdevno Sansi moswavles wuTebisa da saaTebis Semdeg miecema da ara – kvirebisa da Tveebis Semdeg;

- aris mimdinare da uwyveti. miewodeba xSirad da regularulad.

mniSvnelovania, rom ukukavSiri konstruqciulad daiwyos. qvemoT moyvanilia ukuka-vSiris teqstis gaxsniTi frazebi, romlebic dagexmarebaT moswavlis saWiroebebsa da konkretul saswavlo miznebze orientirebuli ukukavSiris Camosayalibeblad:

• es kargi naSromia, radgan ..........

• Seni naazrevidan gamoCnda, rom ..........

• Sen marTlac kargad gaakeTe ori ram: .......... da ..........

• sasurvelia, rom amis Semdegi nabiji iyos ..........

• iqneb gecada ..........

• sakiTxis axsnisas Sen ..........

• kidev erTi ram, rac unda gaaumjobeso, aris ..........

• Sen gWirdeba ufro meti Zalisxmeva, raTa ..........

• Sen naklebad gWirdeba ..........

• Seecade, meti yuradReba dauTmo ..........

• gaixsene, rogor vakeTebT ..........

• Semdeg jerze gamoiyene ..........

saswavlo miznebis misaRwevad moswavleebs sWirdebaT uwyveti ukukavSiri. ukukavSiri exmareba moswavleebs, rom maswavleblis mier micemuli davalebebi aRiqvan, rogorc swa-vlisa da ganviTarebis SesaZlebloba da ara maTi gakritikebis saSualeba. xSiri, efeqtu-ri ukukavSiri moswavleebs awvdis informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra warmatebas miaRwies da, amasTanave, rogor miaRwion ukeTes Sedegs momavalSi. mTavaria, rom ukukavSiris miRebis Sedegad moswavlem gaacnobieros arsebuli mdgomareoba da praqtikuli nabijebi gadadgas saswavlo miznis misaRwevad.

347

• CamoayalibeT mkafio da gasagebi saswavlo mizani;

• gamoiyeneT SesaniSnavi da aradamakmayofilebeli namuSevrebis nimuSebi (winaswar izruneT, rom namuSevris avtori Tqveni moswavleebisTvis ucnobi iyos).

• SesTavazeT regularuli aRweriTi ukukavSiri;

• aswavleT moswavleebs TviTSefaseba da miznebis dasaxva.

• yovel jerze yuradReba gaamaxvileT namuSevris xarisxis mxolod erT aspeqtze;

• aswavleT moswavleebs sakuTari naSromis Semowmeba;

• miaCvieT moswavleebi TviTdakvirvebas;

• mieciT moswavleebs konkretuli rekomendaciebi.

pedagogiuri refleqsiisaTvis

SeadareT erTmaneTs qvemoT mocemuli ori komentari moswavlis mier daweril Sejamebaze. romeli komentaria ufro efeqturi ze-moT CamoTvlili maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT? ra cvlileba-damate-bebs SeitandiT TiToeul komentarSi?

1. `Seni Sejameba ar momewona. teqstis mTavari azri gamotove-bulia. Seecade, ukeT dawero.~

2. `Seni Sejameba Seicavs teqstSi gadmocemul ramdenime Zi-riTad ideas. kargia, rom mokle da gasagebi winadadebebiT gadmoeci. aqve minda giTxra, rom teqstis mesame abzacSi aris erTi mniSvnelovani azri. gTxov miubrunde am abzacs da erTi winadadeba daamato Sejamebas. SemdgomSic gaiTva-liswine da yvela abzacis Sinaarss miaqcie yuradReba.~

saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqti (G-PriEd)

danarTi

vizualuri sqemebi da

grafikuli organizatorebi

vizualuri sqemebi / grafikuli organizatorebi kiTxvis swavlebisaTvis

wignis am nawilSi warmodgenilia sqematuri damxmare instrumenti, romelic exmareba patara mkiTxvels wakiTxuli teqstis Sinaarsis aRqmaSi, masSi mocemuli informaciis daxarisxebasa da organizebaSi, teqstis ZiriTadi komponentebis identificirebaSi, ka-vSirebis damyarebaSi da sxv. Cveulebriv, moswavleebi xalisiTa da interesiT avseben amgvar sqemebs. sasurvelia, maswavlebelma periodulad sxvadasxva tipisa da dizainis sqemebi gamoiyenos saswavlo procesSi.

wignSi vizualuri sqemebi/grafikuli organizatorebi dajgufebulia ramdenime katego-riad, imis mixedviT, Tu kiTxvis romeli amocanis an strategiis gamoyenebasa da gavar-jiSebas emsaxureba (mag.: teqstis struqturis aRqma, leqsikuri erTeulebis daufleba, personaJis daxasiaTeba, mTavari ideisa da meorexarisxovani informaciis gamijvna, mi-zez-Sedegobrivi kavSirebis damyareba da sxv.).

garda imisa, rom amgvar sqemebze muSaoba kiTxvis ama Tu im konkretuli strategiis gavarjiSebas uwyobs xels, TiToeuli Sevsebuli sqema damoukidebeli produqtia da erTgvari individualuri `saavtoro namuSevris~ efeqtsac iZleva. furcelze an dafaze sqemis Sevsebis procedura TandaTanobiT moswavlis gonebaSi gadainacvlebs, rac sagrZ-noblad aadvilebs da aCqarebs gageba-gaazrebis strategiebis gamoyenebas.

sqemebis gamoyeneba kiTxvis unaris monitoringSic gvexmareba. leqsikuri maragis floba da wakiTxulis gaazreba uxilavi movlenebia, rac arTulebs maT Sefasebas. amitom moswa-vleTa mier sqemis Seqmnis/Sevsebis procesze Tvalis midevneba did daxmarebas uwevs maswavlebels diagnostikasa da ganmaviTarebel SefasebaSi.

rogorc wesi, amgvari sqemebis Sesavsebad saWiroa sxvadasxva unaris gaaqtiureba da maTi integrirebulad gamoyeneba. es unarebia: aRqma da analizi, wera, warmosaxva da vizuali-zeba, ideebis organizeba da sqematurad dakavSireba, dasuraTeba da sxv.

SesaZlebelia TiToeuli sqemis adaptireba, gamartiveba an garTuleba misi ama Tu im elementis amoRebis, Canacvlebis an Camatebis gziT. Sesabamisad, sqemebis gamoyeneba Se-saZlebelia sxvadasxva asakobriv jgufTan rogorc mSobliuri, aseve meore enis moswa-vleebTan.

rogor mivaCvioT bavSvebi sqemebis gamoyenebas? am SemTxvevaSic viyenebT pasuxismgeblo-bis nabij-nabij gadacemis models, rac Semdeg safexurebs moicavs:

• maswavlebeli ganumartavs moswavleebs sqemis daniSnulebasa da Sevsebis proce-duras;

• maswavlebeli TvalsaCinod uCvenebs moswavleebs, Tu rogor ivseba sqema (mniSvne-lovania xmamaRla fiqrisa da konkretuli nimuSis gamoyeneba);

• maswavlebeli CarTavs moswavleebs sqemis Sevsebis procesSi (SesaZlebelia man Tavad daiwyos da Semdeg moswavleebs gaagrZelebinos sqemis Sevseba);

• moswavleebi iyeneben sqemas individualurad an mcire jgufebSi. maswavlebe-li Tvalyurs adevnebs maT muSaobas, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi exmareba da awvdis ukukavSirs.

mocemuli sqemebis gamoyeneba saukeTeso saSualebaa kiTxvisa da weris integrirebisa-Tvis. erTi da igive sqema xSirad exmareba moswavles, erTi mxriv, Canawerebis saSualebiT gaazrebaSi, meore mxriv ki _ axali teqstis momzadebasa da SeqmnaSi. imis mixedviT, Tu romeli strategiis dauflebas mieniWeba upiratesoba, maswavlebelma unda misdios mode-

lirebisa da marTuli praqtikis proceduras. mag., Tu gvinda moTxrobis ruka 2 gamoviye-noT, rogorc weris swavlebis instrumenti, moswavleebs mivceT sqemis carieli furceli (Tumca SesaZloa sqemis zogierTi grafa, mag., garemoeba, personaJebi da sxv., winaswar Sev-sebuli iyos maswavleblis mier), moswavleebi ki sqemis Sevsebis Semdeg Tavad daweren mo-Txrobas. Tu amave sqemas viyenebT, rogorc gageba-gaazrebis instruments, cxadia, moswa-vleebs SevTavazebT teqstsa da cariel sqemas, romelsac Seavseben teqstze dayrdnobiT. amgvarad, sqemebis sxvadasxva daninulebiT gamoyeneba myari xidia kiTxvisa da weris una-rebis paralelurad da integrirebulad gamoyenebisaTvis.

gakveTilis/aqtivobis miznebidan gamomdinare, sqema SeiZleba Seivsos individualurad, wyvilebSi an jgufebSi.

amgvarad warmarTuli saswavlo procesis Sedegad moswavleebi damoukideblad, maswa-vleblis sagangebo miTiTebis gareSe, sxvadasxva davalebis Sesrulebis dros efeqturad iyeneben am saswavlo instruments.

wignSi vizualuri sqemebi gverdebze imgvaradaa gadanawilebuli, rom maswavlebels gauadvildes maTi qseroaslebis damzadeba. agreTve, SesaZlebelia sasurveli sqemis amobeWdva wignis eleqtronuli versiidan. 1

teqnikuri aRWurvilobis arqonis SemTxvevaSi maswavlebels SeuZlia SerCeuli sqema da-xazos dafaze/didformatian qaRaldze, raTa moswavleebma martivad moaxerxon misi ga-daxazva.

1 wignis eleqtronuli versia SegiZliaT ixiloT saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis (G-PriEd) vebportalze: www.kargiskola.ge

vizualuri sqemebis / grafikuli organizatorebis cxrili

saxelwodeba leqsika

gageba-gaazreba

wera

var

aud

ebi.

wi

nar

e c

od

na

teq

stis

st

ru

qtu

ra

par

alel

ebis

ga

vleb

a

Seki

Txv

ebi

war

mosa

xva

Sej

ameb

a d

a Zi

riT

adi

azr

ebi

mixv

edr

a /

das

kvne

bis

gamo

tan

a

anbanis furceli + +

ideebis ujrebi + +

daxate da dawere + +

sityvis / cnebis ruka (5)

+

sityvis verbal-uri da vizualu-ri asociaciebis sqema

+

sityvebis ga-momZiebeli

+

sityvis piramida +

sityvis ablabu-da

+

freieris sqema +

varaudebis Rru-blebi

+

kauWebi +

Tavidan _ mere _ bolos

+ +

movlenebis jaWvi + + +

moTxrobis ruka (2)

+ +

SevadaroT moTx-robebi

+ + +

drois RerZi +

daamyare kavSiri (2)

+

paralelebi +

5 kiTxva +

5+1 kiTxva +

yvelaze mkafio STabeWdileba

+

komiqsi +

gaacocxle war-mosaxvaSi

+


+

idea da detale-bi

+

ideis piramida +

sakiTxis ruka + +

ciklis ruka +

mizezi-Sedegi +

personaJis ruka (4)

+

personaJis aRw-eris CarCo

mainteresebs... + + + +

me mivxvdi... +

kiTxvebi da pa-suxebi

urTierTswav-leba

siuJetisa da konfliqtis ana-lizi

Cemi albomi +

instruqciis sqema

+

gamoxmaureba wakiTxul teqs-tze

+ + + + + +

xuTstriqoniani leqsi

+

brilianti +

mkiTxvelis dRi-uri

+ + + +

abzacis ham-burgeri

+ +

teqstis gegma + +


anbanis furceli

Cawere aso

moswavle

TariRi

daxate suraTi da dawere sityva




instruqcia:

varianti I

• Cawere ujris saxelurebSi asoebi.• dawere an daxate ujrebze am asoTi dawyebuli sit y vebi.

varianti II

• Cawere ujris saxelurebSi iarliyebi (xili, saTamaSoebi da sxv.).

• dawere an daxate ujrebze iarliyebis Sesabamisi sityvebi.

ideebis ujrebi

moswavle

TariRi


daxate da dawere

daxate suraTi.

aRwere Seni suraTi.

moswavle

TariRi

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

sit

yvis

cne

bis

ru

kava

ria

nti

1

gan

mar

teb

a Ce

mi s

ityv

ebiT

sino

nime

bi d

a /

an m

sgav

si m

niS

vnel

obi

s mq

one

sit

yveb

i

win

adad

eba

ilu

str

acia

/ s

ur

aTi

sit

yva

/ c

neba

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi


sityvis/cnebis rukavarianti 2

ganmarteba

winadadeba am sityvis gamoyenebiT

sityva

maxasiaTeblebi

moswavle

TariRi

sit

yvis

/cne

bis

ru

kava

ria

nti

3

magaliTebi

sityva/cneba

maxasiaTeblebi

suraTi

sinonimebi

(msgavsimniSvnelobis

sityvebi)

raaris?rasmiekuTvneba?

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

sit

yvis

/cne

bis

ru

kava

ria

nti

4

sityv

a

ganm

arteb

a

sino

nimi

antoni

mi

fraz

a/wi

nadad

eba

teq

stid

an

mosw

avl

is f

raz

a/wi

nadad

eba

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

sit

yvis

/cne

bis

ru

kava

ria

nti

5

sityv

awi

gnis

gve

rdi

sityv

a na

Tes

aobi

T b

runv

aSi

ganm

arteb

asi

tyv

is f

orme

bi

sino

nimi

antoni

mima

gal

iTeb

i

fraz

a/wi

nadad

eba

teq

stid

an

wina

dad

eba/

fraz

a si

tyv

is g

amoye

nebi

T

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

sit

yvis

ver

bal

ur

i d

a vi

zu

alu

ri

aso

cia

cie

bis

sqe

ma

sityv

asu

raT

i/il

ust

rac

ia

ganm

arteb

ama

gal

iTi/

asocia

cia

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

sit

yveb

is g

amo

mZie

bel

i

sityv

aCe

mi g

anma

rteb

asi

tyv

is m

niSv

nel

obi

s

teq

stis

mix

edvi

Tga

nmar

teb

a l

eqsi

konS

i

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

si

ty

vi

s

pi

ra

mi

da

sit

yva

ganm

art

eba

sino

nimi

/mag

aliT

i

wina

dad

eba

am s

ityv

is g

amo

yene

biT

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

sit

yvis

ab

lab

ud

a

inst

ru

qcia

:

1. C

awer

e ax

ali

sityv

a Su

a rgo

lSi

.

2. C

awer

e Se

kiTxv

ebze

pasu

xebi

Ses

abam

is r

gol

ebSi

.

3. g

anag

rZe

kiT

xva

da

miam

ate

axal

i in

forma

cia

.

4. C

awer

e, S

eni

azriT

, ras

niS

navs

es

sityv

a.ras

war

movi

dge

n, r

oca

am s

ityv

as v

kiTxu

lob?

ras

max

sene

bs

es s

ityv

a?

rogo

r a

ris

es

sityv

a

gamo

yene

bul

i teq

stSi

?

axal

i si

tyv

a

xom

ar m

ecno

ba a

m

sityv

is r

ome

lim

e na

wil

i?

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

Cemi

azriT

es

sityv

a ni

Snav

s

gaag

rZe

le

fiq

ri

fr

eier

is s

qema

ganm

art

eba

faq

teb

i/ma

xasi

aTeb

leb

i d

a il

ust

rac

ia

zu

sti

maga

liT

ebi

araz

ust

i ma

gal

iTeb

i

sit

yva

/ cne

ba

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

var

aud

ebis

Rr

ub

leb

i

inst

ru

qcia

:

1. w

aiki

Txe

saT

auri

da

pirve

li

gver

di; g

adaa

Tva

lie

re

ilust

rac

iebi

.

2. C

awer

e Rrubl

ebSi

min

iSne

bebi

.

3. R

rubl

ebSi

Caw

eril

min

iSne

bebz

e.

4. i

varau

de

ris

Ses

axeb

iqn

eba

teq

sti.

teq

stis

saT

auri

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

Cemi

var

aud

i

me v

fiq

rob,

es

wign

i iq

neba

ilust

rac

iebi

s mi

xedvi

T _

me

vvar

audob, r

om

...

mini

Sneb

ebi

sur

aTeb

ze

pirve

li

gver

dis

mix

edvi

T _

me

vvar

audob,

rom

...

mini

Sneb

ebi

pir

vel

gve

rd

ze

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi


moswavle

TariRi

kauWebiinstruqcia:

waikiTxe saTauri da da-sawyisi (ramdenime wina-dadeba). rogor fiqrob, raze iqneba es teqsti? Cawere Seni mosazrebebi.

es teqsti maxsenebs ...

saTauri da teqstis dasawyisis mimaniSneb

s, rom ...

am teqsts vukavSireb ...

kavSirebis damyareba


moswavle

TariRi

teqstis saTauri:

instruqcia: Seavse ujrebi testis mixedviT.

ra moxda dasawyisSi?

ra moxda Sua nawilSi?

ra moxda bolos?

Tavidan - mere - bolos


moswavle

TariRi

pirveli movlena

meore movlena

mesame movlena

bolo movlena

teqstis saTauri:

instruqcia: Seavse ujrebi testis mixedviT.

movlenebis jaWvi


moswavle

TariRivarianti 1

moTxrobis ruka

problema

personaJi

garemoebebi

movlenebi

problemis gadawyveta

teqstis saTauri:


moswavle

TariRivarianti 2

moTxrobis ruka

viTareba dro adgili

personaJi

problema

moqmedebebi

problemis gadawyveta:

Sev

adar

oT

mo

Txr

ob

ebi

pir

vel

i mo

Txr

oba

meo

re

moT

xro

ba

saTau

ri

garem

oeb

ebi

mTav

ari

perso

naJe

bi

probl

ema

moqm

edeb

ebi

probl

emis

ga

daw

yvet

a

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

dr

ois

Rer

Zi

inst

ru

qcia

: Caw

ere

ujreb

Si t

eqst

Si g

anvi

Tar

ebul

i mo

vlen

ebi

Tan

mimd

evrobi

s mi

xedvi

T.

Segi

Zlia

miu

TiT

o k

onk

ret

ul

i Tar

iRi/

dro, Tu t

eqst

i iZ

lev

a am

is s

aSual

ebas

.

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

daa

myar

e ka

vSir

i

saki

Txi

/probl

ema

maga

liT

i yo

vel

dRiu

robi

dan

kavS

iri

rome

lim

e na

warmo

ebTan

Cemi

azriT

...

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

daa

myar

e ka

vSir

i

teq

stis

saT

auri:

wina

dad

ebeb

i teq

stid

anra

maxs

endeb

a

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi


moswavle

TariRiparalelebi(kavSirebis damyareba)

teqstis saTauri:

instruqcia: kiTxvis dros daakavSire teqstSi mocemuli informacia Sens gamoc-dilebasTan, sxva teqstebTan, garesamyarosTan.

dafiqrdi, rogor dagexmara es paralelebi teqstis gaazrebaSi.

teqstSi weria . . . Cemi gamocdileba

teqstSi weria . . . sxva teqstebi

teqstSi weria . . . garesamyaro

vin/

ra?

sad?

ras

Svr

eba/

ra

qna?

rodis

?rat

om?

5 ki

Txv

a

?

? ??

?

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

5+1

kiT

xva r

a?

sad?

vin?

rodis

?

rat

om?

rogo

r?

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

teq

stis

saT

auri:

yvel

aze

mkaf

io S

Tab

eWd

ileb

a

waki

Txu

lid

an

yvel

aze

mkaf

iod

d

amam

axso

vrd

a. .

.

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

komi

qsi

•

Sear

Cie

teq

stis

3 y

vel

aze

mniS

vnel

ova

ni e

pizodi

da

Seqm

eni

komi

qsi. a

r d

agav

iwyd

es, rom

komi

qsi

Seic

avs

naxa

teb

sa d

a dia

loge

bs.

•

SerCe

ul

i ep

izodeb

i daa

saTau

re.

nimu

Si

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi


gaacocxle warmosaxvaSi

• Cawere sqemis SuagulSi sityva/fraza/winadadeba teqstidan.

• warmoisaxe da Cawere Seni SegrZnebebi sqemis Sesabamis nawilSi.

moswavle

TariRi

ras vxedav? r

a mesmis? ras vgrZnob SexebiT? ras gemo aqvs?

ris

i su

ni m

cem

s?

amonaweri teqstidan



1 sityviT _ saTauri

2 sityviT _ ra igrZeni?

3 sityviT _ garemoebebi

4 sityviT _ problema

5 sityviT _ problemis gadawyveta

1

2

34

5

moswavle

TariRi

idea

da

det

aleb

i

ZiriT

adi

idea

idea

det

ali

det

ali

det

ali

det

ali

det

ali

det

ali

idea

idea

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

idei

s pi

ram

ida

inst

ru

qcia

: Ca

were

teq

stis

mTav

ari

idea

pir

amid

is w

verSi

. Ca

mowe

re

dam

xmar

e id

eebi

qve

da

ujreb

Si.

TiT

oeu

l i

dea

s Se

usa

bame

det

aleb

i

teq

stid

an.

idea

idea

det

ali

det

ali

det

ali

det

ali

mTav

ari

idea

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi


moswavle

TariRisakiTxis ruka

• Cawere Tema/sakiTxSi kvadratSi.

• Cawere wrewirebSi TemasTan dakavSirebuli detalebi.

Tema

detalebi

detalebi

detalebi

detalebi

detalebi

detalebi


moswavle

TariRiciklis ruka

instruqcia:

Cawere centrSi ciklis dasaxeleba (mag., peplis ganviTareba).

• zeda kvadratSi Cawere ciklis pirveli safexuri.

• momdevno kvadratebSi Tanmimdevrulad Cawere safexurebis aRwera.

mizez

i

mizez

i

Sedeg

i

miz

ezi

_ S

edeg

i

inst

ru

qcia

:

•

waik

iTxe

teq

sti.

•

amowe

re

ori

mniS

vnel

ova

ni f

aqti

an m

ovl

ena.

•

moZe

bne

teq

stSi

ori

mizez

i, r

oml

ebic

iwv

evs

am f

aqtors/

movl

enas

.

mTav

ari

Tem

a:

mizez

i

mizez

i

Sedeg

i saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi


personaJis ruka

personaJi

Tviseba Tviseba Tviseba

dasabuTeba

teqstidan

dasabuTeba

teqstidan

dasabuTeba

teqstidan

moswavle

TariRivarianti 1


moswavle

TariRipersonaJis ruka

rogoria personaJi dasawyisSi?

rogori Seicvala personaJi?

ratom Seicvala personaJi?

rogoria personaJi bolos?

varianti 2

per

sona

Jis

gar

emo

eba

(rogo

r g

amoiy

ureb

a? r

a ac

via?

vi

s hg

avs?

)

per

sona

Ji f

iqr

obs

(raz

e fiq

robs

? ra

azreb

i aq

vs?

per

sona

Jis

moqm

edeb

ebi

(ras

ake

Teb

s? r

ogo

r i

qcev

a?)

per

sona

Jis

grZn

obe

bi

(ras

grZn

obs

? ra

ganc

deb

i aq

vs?)

per

sona

Jis

miz

nebi

(ra

surs?

ris

miR

weva

s cdil

obs

? ra

mizan

i aq

vs?

per

sona

Jis

ru

ka

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

varia

nti

3

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

per

sona

Jis

ru

ka

teq

stis

saT

auri:

varia

nti

4

ras

amb

obs

da

fiq

robs

pe

rso

naJi

?rogo

r g

amoiy

ureb

a

perso

naJi

?ras

ake

Teb

s pe

rso

naJi

?ras

fiq

robe

n da

ambo

ben

sx

vebi

per

sona

Jze?

ras

amb

obs

da

fiq

robs

pe

rso

naJi

?rogo

r g

amoiy

ureb

a

perso

naJi

?ras

ake

Teb

s pe

rso

naJi

?ras

fiq

robe

n da

ambo

ben

sx

vebi

per

sona

Jze?

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi

per

sona

Jis

aRw

eris

Car

Co

inst

ru

qcia

: gam

oiy

ene

es c

xril

i mo

Txr

obi

s/zRap

ris

per

sona

Jebi

s (g

mireb

is) aR

sawe

rad

ras

amb

obs

da

fiq

robs

pe

rso

naJi

?rogo

r g

amoiy

ureb

a

perso

naJi

?ras

ake

Teb

s pe

rso

naJi

?


mainteresebs . . .

instruqcia:

wakiTxvamde upasuxe pirvel SekiTxvas.

daiwye teqstis kiTxva. kiTxvis dros dasvi SekiTxvebi.

wakiTxvis Semdeg Cawere Seni SekiTxvebi da azrebi qvemoT mocemul grafebSi.

wakiTxvamde: ra vici ukve am Temis Sesaxeb?

wakiTxvis Semdeg: kidev ra SekiTxvebi maqvs?

rogor?

ra?

ratom?

moswavle

TariRi

me m

ivxv

di

. . .

teq

stSi

wer

ia, rom

. . .

me u

kve

vici, r

om

. . .

me v

xvdeb

i, r

om

. . .

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi


kiTxvebi da pasuxebi

teqstSi Cems gonebaSi

pasuxi teqstSia, iqve avtori da me

ifiqre da moiZie me TviTon

moswavle

TariRi

teqstis saTauri:


me vajameb

1.

2.

3.

4.

moswavleebi:

TariRi ________________

urTierTswavlebis sqema


me vsvam SekiTxvebs

1.

2.

3.

4.

moswavleebi:

TariRi ________________



me vxsni bundovan adgilebs

1.

2.

3.

4.

moswavleebi:

TariRi ________________



me gamovTqvam varaudebs

1.

2.

3.

4.

moswavleebi:

TariRi ________________



Sejamebame vakeTeb Sejamebas

SekiTxvebime vsvam SekiTxvebs

bundovani adgilebime vxsni bundovan adgilebs

varaudebi me gamovTqvam varaudebs


moswavle

TariRisiuJetisa da konfliqtis analizi

dafiqrdi da imsjele

• Tavi moTxrobis nawilad igrZeni?

• kiTxvis dros mixvdi, rogor dasruldeboda es ambavi?

• Seni azriT, romelia am moTxrobis saukeTeso adgili?

teqstis saTauri

ra iyo mTavari problema am moTxrobaSi?

ris miRweva undoda mTavar personaJs?

rogor gadawyda problema?

moniSne erTi an ramdenime

personaJis SesaZlo konfliqtebi

bunebasTan

sakuTar TavTan

sazogadoebasTan

sxva personaJTan

Cemi

al

bo

mi

Tar

iRi

sain

ter

eso f

aqteb

i

aRwe

ra/

dax

asia

Teb

a

cxo

vel

i/sa

gani

saqa

rTve

los

daw

yebi

Ti

gana

Tl

ebis

proeq

ti

(G-P

riEd

)

mosw

avl

e

Tar

iRi


instruqciis sqema(kerZi/nivTi/moqmedeba)

saWiro masala

nabijebi detalebi

nabiji 1:

nabiji 2:

nabiji 3:

nabiji 4:

nabiji 5:

moswavle

TariRi


teqstis saTauri: _________________________________________________ (moTxroba, zRapari, leqsi ... )

me SevamCnie, rom ..............

me gamiCnda SekiTxva ..............

mainteresebs, ratom .................

me davfiqrdi .................

rogorc Cans, .................

ver gavige, .................

ar var darwmunebuli .................

me vici, rasac grZnobs .................

me Zalian momewona .................

me warmomidgenia, .................

me gaviazre .................

me gamakvirva .................

me rom ................. viyo, .................

me aRmovaCine, rom .................

instruqcia: wignis an misi nawilis wakiTxvis Semdeg SearCie qarga. dawere Seni STabeWdileba wakiTxulis Sesaxeb rveulSi an dRiurSi.

gamoxmaureba wakiTxul teqstze

moswavle

TariRi


moswavle

TariRixuTstriqoniani leqsi

arsebiTi saxeli

arsebiTi saxeli

fraza (3, 4 an 5 sityva)

zmna zmna zmna

zedsarTavi saxeli

zedsarTavi saxeli


moswavle

TariRibrilianti

arsebiTi saxeli

arsebiTi saxeli

fraza (3, 4 an 5 sityva)

zmna zmna zmna

zmna zmna zmna

zedsarTavi saxeli

zedsarTavi saxeli

zedsarTavi saxeli

zedsarTavi saxeli


moswavle

TariRi

1. ris Sesaxeb waikiTxe dRes? daxate suraTi da dawere winadadeba

2. ra igrZeni kiTxvis dros? Semoxaze erT-erTi da Semdeg dawere winadadeba.

3. Seni azriT, ra moxdeba Semdeg? daxate suraTi da Semdeg dawere erTi winadadeba imis Sesaxeb, rac Semdeg moxdeba.

dRes me wavikiTxe

me vfiqrob, rom

mkiTxvelis dRiuri

me imitom, rom

sixaruli daRonebaaraferi gabrazeba

teqstis saTauri: _________________________________________________


moswavle

TariRiabzacis hamburgeri

winadadeba 1 (damxmare detalebi)



daskvniTi winadadeba (Semajamebeli)

pirveli Tematuri winadadeba

abzac

is S

ua

nawil

i


moswavle

TariRiteqstis gegma(weriTi namuSevrisTvis)

Tema: _________________________________________________________________________

daniSnuleba adresati

SemoxazeerTianramdenimeю

• namdvili ambis gadmocema

• mogonili ambis gadmocema

• pirovnebis, adgilis, sagnis an movlenis aRwera

• imis axsna, Tu rogor unda gaakeTo rame (instruqcia, re-cepti, meniu)

• raime movlenis axsna

• mosazrebis/damokidebulebis gamoxatva

• mimarTva/gancxadeba/moTxovna

• sxva

_________________________________

_________________________________

_________________________________

_________________________________

Cawerepasuxebi:

1. vin waikiTxavs am teqsts?

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

2. ra ician ukve am Temis Sesaxeb?

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

3. ra ginda, rom gaagebino?

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

4. ra daainteresebT yvelaze metad?

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

aage teqsti Seni pasuxebis gamoyenebiT. weris dawyebamde da weris dros:

• daakonkrete Tema.

• SearCie saintereso faqtebi da detalebi.

• ar gamogrCes yvelaze mniSvnelovani azrebi.

gamoyenebuli literatura

kiTxvis efeqturi meTodebi. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis erovnuli centri. 2013

gzamkvlevi maswavleblebisaTvis. qarTuli ena da literatura, I-VI klasebi. erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis centri. 2011

beselia n., papava p. wigniereba dawyebiT klasebSi, meToduri saxelmZRvanelo maswavleblebisaT-vis. norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWo. 2011

erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2011-2016 wlebi (kodificirebuli redaqcia, 25.09.2015 wlis mdgomare-obiT). saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro

PIRLS 2011. wigniereba. kiTxvaSi moswavleTa miRweva da masTan dakavSirebuli faqtorebi. gamoc-debis erovnuli centri. 2013

Allington, L.R., McCuiston, K., Billen, M. (2015). What Research Says about Text Complexity and Learning to Read. The Reading Teacher. Vol. 68(7), pp. 491-501. International Reading Association.

Allington, R.L., Gabriel, R.E. (2012). Every Child, Every Day. Educational Leadership, Volume 69, Number 6, pp. 10-15. ASCD.

Antunez, B. (2002). English Language Learners and the Five Essential Components of Reading Instruction. Read-ing Rockets. 2015 WETA Public Broadcasting

Dodge, J. (2009). 25 Quick Formative Assessments for a Differentiated Instruction. Scholastic.

Helman, L.A., Burns, M.K. (2008). What Does Oral Language Have to Do With It? Helping Young En-glish-Language Learners Acquire a Sight Word Vocabulary. The Reading Teacher, 62(1), pp. 14-19. Interna-tional Reading Association.

Moats, L., Tolman, C. (2009). Why Phonological Awareness Is Important for Reading and Spelling. Reading Rockets. 2015 WETA Public Broadcasting

National Reading Panel. (April, 2000). Report of the National Reading Panel. Teaching Children to Read: An Evidence-Based Assessment of the Scientific Research Literature on Reading and Its Implications for Reading Instruction. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

Rasinski, T.V. (2004). Creating Fluent Readers. What Research Says About Reading, Educational Leadership, March 2004, Volume 61, Number 6, pp. 46-51. ASCD.

Rasinski, T.V. (2012).Why Reading Fluency Should Be Hot! The Reading Teacher. Volume 65, Issue 8, pp. 516–522. International Reading Association.

Reutzel, D.R., Cooter, R.B., Jr. (2013). The Essentials of Teaching Children to Read, The Teacher Makes the Difference. Pearson Education, Inc.

Roskos, K., Neuman, S.B. (2014). Best Practices in Reading: A 21st Century Skill Update. The Reading Teach-er, 67(7), 507–511. International Reading Association.

Ruddell, R.B., Ruddell, M.R., Singer, H. (Editors). (1994). Theoretical Models and Processes of Reading, Fourth Edition. International Reading Association. Newark, Delaware.

Temple, C., Ogle, D., Crawford, A., Freppon, P. (2008). All Children Read, Teaching for Literacy In Today’s Diverse Classroom. Pearson Education, Inc.

http://mes.gov.ge/~mesgov/uploads/esg%202011-2016.doc

http://mes.gov.ge/~mesgov/uploads/esg%202011-2016.doc

http://www.readingrockets.org/articles/by-author/62026

http://www.readingrockets.org/articles/by-author/60385

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