Kansas CIty's Green Solutions Pilot Project - Technical Approaches, Emerging Lessons, Performance...

Water Services Department

Jessi Veach, URS

Overland Park, KS

Kansas City’s Green Solutions CSO Control Project: Integrating Water Quality Control and Neighborhood Renewal

Padmavathi Iyengar,

Overflow Control Program


Kansas City, MO

Presented by:


• Reduce Combined Sewer Overflows and

Eliminate Sanitary Sewer overflows into

the receiving streams.

• Achieve up to 98% capture of wet weather flows from each combined sewer basin.

• Performance criteria for wet weather capture is to maintain and limit up to 7

typical year overflow events for specific outfalls.

• Green Infrastructure and Distributed Storage ; Control measures applied in the

combined sewer system areas to achieve the desired reduction of overflows

Consent Decree


City of Kansas City, MO

1st Largest Green

Infrastructure Pilot

Project


1st Largest Green

Infrastructure Pilot

Project

Middle Blue River Basin


Project: Middle Blue Distributed Storage/ Green Infrastructure Pilot Project

Design Professional: URS Corporation

Notice to Proceed: September, 2009

100% Plan: December, 2010

Construction: Mega Industries

Notice to Proceed: May, 2011

Achievement of full operation: November, 2012

URS

Water Services DepartmentPhotos: David Dods, URS

Jessi Veach

URS Corporation, Overland Park, Kansas

Technical Approaches and Emerging Lessons


The Green Solutions Pilot Project

• Testing Green Infrastructure to control CSOs

• Reducing stormwater flows to combined sewers

• Incorporate community benefits to gain neighborhood support

Photos: David Dods, URS; Richard Johannes


100 acres

150+ locations

370,000 gallons storage

Retrofitting Green Infrastructure onto Every Street


And Transforming a Neighborhood in the Process

Photos: David Dods, URS

BeforeAfter


What is Green Infrastructure?

Gardens /

Landscaping

Porous

Pavements

Rainwater

Capture

Photo: Erin Olig, Shockey Consulting


Green Infrastructure Types in this Project



Rain Garden

Photos: L) David Dods, URS; R) Erin Olig, Shockey Consulting

Retrofitting between existing curb & sidewalk


Porous Sidewalk

&

Raised Curb

Photo: David Dods, URS

New Curbs and Porous Sidewalk

Rain Garden


Porous Sidewalk

&

Raised Curb

Photos: Jessi Veach and David Dods, URS

Bioretention Gardens

Rain Gardens with Permeable Soil and Underdrains



Cascade: Stair-Stepped Gardens on Steep Streets



Porous Concrete Sidewalks


Photos: David Dods and Jessi Veach, URS

See where

water soaked

in

Porous Concrete Sidewalk


• Stormwater Collection Focal

Points

Photos: Todd Bond and David Dods, URS

Curb Extensions with Below-Grade Storage

• Traffic Calming

• Porous Sidewalks


Photo: Erin Olig, Shockey Consulting

1. Detention

2. Infiltration

3. Controlled release to

sewer

13

2

1

Curb Extension with Below Grade Storage


Troost Avenue: Little Greenspace; Lots of Utilities

Pervious Sidewalks + Below Grade Storage



Pilot Testing Design Details

• This project is large enough to really learn something

• Lots of design features are being tested

• Improve performance

• Identify best

approaches for rest of

City and others

• Reduce future costs

Photo: Jessi Veach, URS


Inlets and Forebays


• Stormwater moves sediment, trash, leaves, acorns…

• Keep garden beds from plugging

• Make maintenance easier

• Keep debris out of sewers



Underdrains

Slotted Pipe Vs. SmartDrain


Lessons Learned

Photo: Todd Bond, URS


Distributed Storage

• Diversity is good - type, size, distribution

• Not “all eggs in one basket”

• If one piece fails, the system doesn’t

Photos: Todd Bond, URS; David Dods, URS

Detention

Storage

Porous

Pavements

Vegetated Infiltration


Constructability & Flexible Design

• Unanticipated utility conflicts are common in urban areas

• Quickly adjusted in the field if standard, or off-the-shelf

materials are used



Soils, Garden Construction, & Infiltration

• Compaction is the enemy of infiltration

• Garden bed prep is very important

• Restore soil structure, add organic matter, keep equipment

off




Soils (cont)

Infiltration happened even before planting (in clay soils)


Photos: Jessi Veach, URS

• Testing the plants

most commonly

used in KC

• Drought was a

great opportunity

to see what is

really hardy and

sustainable

Plants


Cost Elements




• Visual/tangible appreciation for tax dollar expenditures

• You are tearing up streets…with Green Infrastructure

residents can see the improvements

Public Involvement

Building support for public infrastructure projects


What’s Working


• Goal is 80% flow rate

reduction in 1.4” storm

• Visual inspections show

BMPs functioning as

intended


What’s Working

Photos: Jessi Veach, URS


Neighborhood Improvements



For More Info:

Jessi Veach

[email protected]

913-344-1029



Performance Evaluation of Stormwater

Best Management Practices



• Mid-America Regional Council (MARC)

• TetraTech

• University of Alabama

• University of Missouri Kansas City (UMKC)

• US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)

Advanced Drainage Concepts Team


Small Scale Monitoring

• Sub-basin delineation

• Green Infrastructure Monitoring Sites

• Hydraulics Monitoring (Flow Rate; Water Quality

Monitoring)

Large Scale Monitoring

• Flow monitoring locations

• Hydrology

Pilot Vs. Control

ADC Approach


Sub-Basin Delineation


Total number of vegetated BMPs = 135

Total number of monitoring stations = 10

Number of vegetated BMP configurations

monitored = 5

• Curb Extension w/ Rain Garden

• Rain Garden

• Bioretention w/ Smart Drain

• Cascade Swale

• Private Rain Gardens

Green Infrastructure Monitoring

Insert picture…



Green Infrastructure Monitoring Sites

Legend

Cascade Swale

Curb Extension w/ Rain Garden

Private Rain Garden

Rain Garden

Bioretention w/ Smart Drain

Pilot Project Area Watershed


Influent runoff characteristics were

measured but, effluent measurement

was unsuccessful due to proper

functioning of the vegetated BMPs.

Water Quality Monitoring



Model: WinSLAMM

“Source Loading And Management Model”

Important Feature: Calculates sources of flows and pollutants of interest for

the study area under different rain conditions.

The following information was used to calibrate the model:

1. Land use characteristics and infiltration measurements.

2. Site specific rainfall runoff data during the monitoring period from

hydrograph separation.

Large Scale Monitoring


Site Characteristics

Project area is a medium density study area of 100 acres. Constructed pre-

1960, the area encompasses 600 homes and relatively small portions of

commercial corridor and educational institute.


Infiltration rate:1 to 10 inches/ hour for a rainfall duration of up to 2 hours.

Critical design storm for OCP: 1.37 inches/ hour

Duration-Infiltration Rates for Surface Soils


Flow monitoring locations

Pilot area flow meter

Control area Flow meters

CSO Outfall BR069


Observed Volume Vs. Modeled Volume

Observed Volume (ft3)

Mo

de

led

Vo

lum

e (

ft3)

The graph shows WinSLAMM model accuracy.


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Pilot Vs. ControlP

ilo

t to

Co

ntr

ol

Ra

tio

Construction period after relining


Pilot: 100 acres

Control: 86 acres

Pre- and Post Improvements

Before re-lining (initial baseline)


Next Phases

Total Area=644 acres

Total Volume Capture=2.52 MG

Design storm= 1.37 inch/hour

Sub-Basins Outfalls

Arleta Park 069

Rachael Morado

Colonial Point 059

Tower Park

BR069

BR059


Questions?

Kansas CIty's Green Solutions Pilot Project - Technical Approaches, Emerging Lessons, Performance...

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Transcript of Kansas CIty's Green Solutions Pilot Project - Technical Approaches, Emerging Lessons, Performance...