Kako prepoznati karantenske vrstemacesen (Larix spp.), bor (Pinus spp.), smreka (Picea spp.),...

Kako prepoznati karantenske vrste

gozdnih škodljivcev?

II. del

Karantenski škodljivi organizmi za gozdne in

druge lesnate rastline

DELAVNICA ZA FITOSANITARNE IN GOZDARSKE INŠPEKTORJE

Andreja Kavčič

Ljubljana, 28. 9. 2016

2 cmFoto: Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org

Dendrolimus sibiricusTschetverikov, 1908

(Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)

SIBIRSKA SVILENA KOKLJICA

1 mmFoto: Andreja Kavčič

Xylosandrus crassiusculus(Motschulsky, 1866)

(Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)

AZIJSKI AMBROZIJSKI PODLUBNIK


Polygraphus proximusBlandford, 1894

(Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)

SAHALINSKI JELOV LIČAR

A2 seznam EPPO (2002)

Priloga I.A.I Direktive DS 2000/29/ES (2014)

lokalno na območju EPPO (Moskva, EU – ne)

GOSTITELJI:

iglavci (> 20 vrst)

macesen (Larix spp.), bor (Pinus spp.), smreka (Picea spp.), jelka (Abies spp.), čuga (Tsuga spp.)

najpomembnejši defoliator iglavcev (propad sestojev v 2 – 3 letih)

zdravgozd.si eppo.int

Dendrolimus sibiricusSIBIRSKA SVILENA KOKLJICA

2 cmFoto: Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org

Foto: John H. Ghent, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

Foto: Vladimir Petko, V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Bugwood.org


defoliacija


Foto: Yuri Baranchikov, Institute of Forest SB RASC, BugwoodorgFoto: Yuri Baranchikov, Institute of Forest SB RASC, Bugwood.org Foto: Yuri Baranchikov, Institute of Forest SB RASC,

Bugwood.org

Foto: John H. Ghent, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org Foto: John H. Ghent, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.orgFoto: John H. Ghent, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

VII.

prezimovanje

Dendrolimus piniBOROVA KOKLJICA

Foto: Todd Gilligan, Screening Aids, USDA APHIS ITP, Bugwood.org

Dendrolimus pini Dendrolimus sibiricus

Foto: Keith TailbyFoto: Yuri Baranchikov, Institute of Forest

SB RASC, Bugwood.org

Foto: Keith Tailby

Foto: Hannes Lemme, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture,

Bugwood.orgFoto: Hannes Lemme, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Bugwood.org

Dendrolimus piniBOROVA KOKLJICA

Foto: Hannes Lemme, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture,

Bugwood.org Foto: Hannes Lemme, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Bugwood.org

Foto: Wolfgang Wagner 2005-2016, www.pyrgus.de

VII.

prezimovanje

Thaumetopoea pityocampaPINIJEV SPREVODNI PRELEC

Lymantria monachaSMREKOV GOBAR

Foto: Stanislaw Kinelski, Bugwood.org

Foto: Melody Keena, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

Foto: Petr Kapitola, Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture,

Bugwood.org

Foto: Daniel Adam, Office National des Forêts, Bugwood.org

Foto: D.D. Cadahia, Subdireccion General de Sanidad Vegetal,

Bugwood.org

Foto: D.D. Cadahia, Subdireccion General de Sanidad Vegetal,

Bugwood.org

Foto: John H. Ghent, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

Foto: Wolfgang Wagner, 2005 – 2016, www.pyrgus.de

VI. – VIII.

prezimovanje

prezimovanje

VII. – IX.


Panolis flammeaBOROVA SOVKA

Sphynx pinastriBOROV VEŠČEC

Foto: Landesforstpräsidium Sachsen, Bugwood.org






Foto: Tony Pittaway

IV. – V. V. – VII.

prezimovanje

prezimovanje

prezimovanje

eppo.int

A2 seznam EPPO (2011)

lokalno na območju EPPO (Moskva, EU – ne)

GOSTITELJI:

iglavci (Abies spp.)

macesen (Larix spp.), bor (Pinus spp.), smreka (Picea spp.), čuga (Tsuga spp.)

napada tudi vrste, ki v naravnem okolju niso prisotne

PRIMARNI škodljivec – propad zdravih dreves v 1–2 letih

zdravgozd.si

Polygraphus proximusSAHALINSKI JELOV LIČAR


Foto: Sergey Astapenko (RU) Foto: Evgeni Akulov (RU) Foto: Evgeni Akulov (RU)

Polygraphus proximusSAHALINSKI JELOV LIČAR

Foto: Evgeni Akulov (RU)

rjavenje krošnje odpadanje iglic

(defoliacija)

izcejanje smole

odstopanje skorje –

prečni dvorogi rovni sistemi

10–15 x

Foto: Maja Jurc, University of Ljubljana, forestryimages.org

1 mm

Tomicus minorMALI BOROV STRŽENAR

Polygraphus polygraphusDVOJNOOKI SMREKOV LIČAR

FotoBeat Forster, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Bugwood.org

Foto: Beat Forster, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow andLandscape Research, Bugwood.org


0,5 mm

Foto: Jan Liska, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, forestryimages.org

Pityokteines curvidensKRIVOZOBI JELOV LUBADAR

Pityokteines spinidensOSTROZOBI JELOV LUBADAR

Foto: Stanislaw Kinelski, Bugwood.orgFoto: Gyorgy Csoka, Hungary Forest Research Institute,Bugwood.org

1 mm


1 mm 0,5 mm


Pityokteines vorontzowiVORONTZOWOV JELOV LUBADAR

Pityophthorus pityographusJELOV VEJNI LUBADAR

Foto: Milan Zubrik, Forest Research Institute - Slovakia, Bugwood.org Foto: Stanislaw Kinelski, Bugwood.org0


0,5 mm


0,5 mm

1 mm

Foto: Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org

Pityogenes bidentatusDVOZOBI BOROV LUBADAR



0,5 mm

Pityogenes bidentatusDVOZOBI BOROV LUBADAR

Ips cembraeVELIKI MACESNOV LUBADAR

Foto: Ferenc Lakatos, University of West-Hungary,Bugwood.org

Opozorilni seznam EPPO (2009)

EU – prisoten

GOSTITELJI:

listavci (izrazit polifag!)

ekonomsko pomembne vrste: jablana, češnja, sliva, breskev, …; gozdne in okrasne lesnate rastline iz rodov Acacia, Alnus,

Azalea, Cornus, Hibiscus, Magnolia, Prunus, Quercus, Populus, Salix, Ulmus; …

PRIMARNI škodljivec – propad zdravih dreves, PARTENOGENEZA

eppo.intzdravgozd.si

Xylosandrus crassiusculusAZIJSKI AMBROZIJSKI PODLUBNIK


Foto: Hulcr

Xylosandrus crassiusculusAZIJSKI AMBROZIJSKI PODLUBNIK

Foto: A. Rettori, Studio Planta (IT)

Foto: Dr Andrea Minuto, Centro di Saggio, CERSAA, Albenga (IT)

Foto: Dr Andrea Minuto, Centro di Saggio, CERSAA, Albenga (IT)

uvelost

rjavenje in sušenje listov,

odmiranje vej,

lomljenje poganjkov

(hiranje drevesa)

črvina – paličaste strukture

okrogle vhodne odprtinice

rovni sistemi v lesu

modrikasto obarvanje lesa

– glive Ambrosiella spp.

Ilustracija: Schedl (1962)

Xylosandrus germanusČRNI LESAR

Xyleborus disparVRTNI LESAR

Foto: Beat Forster, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and

Landscape Research, Bugwood.org

1 mm


Foto: Beat Forster, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest,

Snow and Landscape Research, Bugwood.org

0,5 mm


Foto: Daniel Adam, Office National des Forêts, Bugwood.org

Xyloterus domesticusBUKOV LESTVIČAR

Xyloterus signatusHRASTOV LESTVIČAR

1 mm


1 mm


Foto: Milan Zubrik, Forest Research Institute - Slovakia, Bugwood.org Foto: GNU prosto dostopna dokumentacija

Platypus cilyndrusHRASTOV STRŽENAR

Hylecoetus dermestoidesNAVADNI (BUKOV) VRTOVIN

1 mm

Foto: Maja Jurc, University of Ljubljana, forestryimages.orgFoto: Maja Jurc, University of Ljubljana, forestryimages.org

1 mm

Foto: Ronald F. Billings, Texas Forest Service,

Bugwood.org

Foto: USDA Forest Service Archive, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

Foto: Ferenc Lakatos, University of West-Hungary, Bugwood.org

Foto: Milan Zubrik, Forest Research Institute -

Slovakia, Bugwood.org

Zaključki:

Simptomi +/ –

Znaki +/ –

Sum → VZOREC → LVG

morfološka analiza

VZOREC

Dendrolimus sibiricus:

metulji

gosenice

Poligraphus proximus:

hrošči

ličinke v skorji

(skorja z rovnim sistemom)

Xylosandrus crassiusculus:

hrošči

ličinke v rovu

(del drevesa z rovnim sistemom

(veja, čok))

Hvala za pozornost!

Kako prepoznati karantenske vrstemacesen (Larix spp.), bor (Pinus spp.), smreka (Picea spp.),...

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