Jurding Vasculitis

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    http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/vas/

    What Is Vasculitis?

    Vasculitis (vas-kyu-LI-tis) is a condition that involves inflammation in the blood vessels. he

    condition occu!s if you! immune system attacks you! blood vessels by mistake. his mayhappen as the !esult of an infection" a medicine" o! anothe! disease o! condition.

    #Inflammation$ !efe!s to the body%s !esponse to in&u!y" including in&u!y to the blood vessels.

    Inflammation may involve pain" !edness" wa!mth" swelling" and loss of function in the

    affected tissues.

    In vasculitis" inflammation can lead to se!ious p!oblems. 'omplications depend on which

    blood vessels" o!gans" o! othe! body systems a!e affected.

    Overview

    Vasculitis can affect any of the bodys blood vessels. hese include a!te!ies" veins" and

    capilla!ies. !te!ies ca!!y blood f!om you! hea!t to you! bodys o!gans. Veins ca!!y blood

    f!om you! o!gans and limbs back to you! hea!t. 'apilla!ies connect the small a!te!ies and

    veins.

    If a blood vessel is inflamed" it can na!!ow o! close off. his limits o! p!events blood flow

    th!ough the vessel. *a!ely" the blood vessel will st!etch and weaken" causing it to bulge. his

    bulge is known as an aneu!ysm(+-u-!ism).

    Vasculitis

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    ,igu!e shows a no!mal a!te!y with no!mal blood flow. he inset image shows a c!oss-

    section of the no!mal a!te!y. ,igu!e shows an inflamed" na!!owed a!te!y with dec!eased

    blood flow. he inset image shows a c!oss-section of the inflamed a!te!y. ,igu!e ' shows an

    inflamed" blocked (occluded) a!te!y and sca!!ing on the a!te!y wall. he inset image shows a

    c!oss-section of the blocked a!te!y. ,igu!e shows an a!te!y with an aneu!ysm. he inset

    image shows a c!oss-section of the a!te!y with an aneu!ysm.

    he dis!uption in blood flow caused by inflammation can damage the bodys o!gans. igns

    and symptoms depend on which o!gans have been damaged and the e0tent of the damage.

    ypical symptoms of inflammation" such as feve! and gene!al aches and pains" a!e common

    among people who have vasculitis.

    Outlook

    he!e a!e many types of vasculitis" but ove!all the condition is !a!e. If you have vasculitis" the

    outlook depends on:

    he type of vasculitis you have

    1hich o!gans a!e affected

    2ow 3uickly the condition wo!sens

    he seve!ity of the condition

    !eatment often wo!ks well if it%s sta!ted ea!ly. In some cases" vasculitis may go into!emission. 4*emission4 means the condition isnt active" but it can come back" o! 4fla!e"4 at

    any time.

    ometimes vasculitis is ch!onic (ongoing) and neve! goes into !emission. Long-te!m

    t!eatment with medicines often can cont!ol the signs and symptoms of ch!onic vasculitis.

    *a!ely" vasculitis doesnt !espond well to t!eatment. his can lead to disability and even

    death.

    5uch is still unknown about vasculitis. 2oweve!" !esea!che!s continue to lea!n mo!e about

    the condition and its va!ious types" causes" and t!eatments.

    Types of Vasculitis

    he!e a!e many types of vasculitis. 6ach type involves inflamed blood vessels. 2oweve!"

    most types diffe! in whom they affect and the o!gans that a!e involved.

    he types of vasculitis often a!e g!ouped based on the si7e of the blood vessels they affect.

    Mostly Large Vessel Vasculitis

    hese types of vasculitis usually" but not always" affect the body%s la!ge! blood vessels.

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    Behet's Disease

    eh8ets (beh-'26) disease can cause !ecu!!ent" painful ulce!s (so!es) in the mouth"

    ulce!s on the genitals" acne-like skin lesions" and eye inflammation called uveitis (u-ve-I-tis).

    he disease occu!s most often in people aged 9 to ;. 5en a!e mo!e likely to get it" but italso can affect women. eh8ets disease is mo!e common in people of 5edite!!anean" 5iddle

    6aste!n" and ,a! 6aste!n descent" although it !a!ely affects lacks.

    *esea!che!s believe that a gene called the 2L-

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    akayasus a!te!itis is a systemic disease. systemic disease is one that affects you in a

    gene!al o! ove!all way.

    ymptoms of akayasus a!te!itis may include ti!edness and a sense of feeling unwell" feve!"

    night sweats" so!e &oints" loss of appetite" and weight loss. hese symptoms usually occu!

    befo!e othe! signs develop that point to a!te!itis.

    Mostly Me#iu$ Vessel Vasculitis

    hese types of vasculitis usually" but not always" affect the body%s medium-si7ed blood

    vessels.

    Buerger's Disease

    ue!ge!s disease " also known as th!omboangiitis (2*@5-bo-an-&ee-I-tis) oblite!ans"

    typically affects blood flow to the hands and feet. In this disease" the blood vessels in the

    hands and feet tighten o! become blocked. s a !esult" less blood flows to the affected tissues"which can lead to pain and tissue damage.

    *a!ely" ue!ge!s disease also can affect blood vessels in the b!ain" abdomen" and hea!t. he

    disease usually affects men aged 9 to ; of sian o! 6aste!n 6u!opean descent. he disease

    is st!ongly linked to ciga!ette smoking.

    ymptoms of ue!ge!s disease include pain in the calves o! feet when walking o! pain in the

    fo!ea!ms and hands with activity. @the! symptoms include blood clots in the su!face veins of

    the limbs and *aynauds phenomenon.

    In seve!e cases" ulce!s may develop on the finge!s and toes" leading to gang!ene. he te!m

    4gang!ene4 !efe!s to the death o! decay of body tissues.

    u!gical bypass of the blood vessels may help !esto!e blood flow to some a!eas. 5edicines

    gene!ally don%t wo!k well to t!eat ue!ge!%s disease. he best t!eatment is to stop using

    tobacco of any kind.

    e!tral )ervous "yste$ Vasculitis

    'ent!al ne!vous system ('+) vasculitis usually occu!s as a !esult of a systemic vasculitis.

    systemic vasculitis is one that affects you in a gene!al o! ove!all way.

    Ve!y !a!ely" vasculitis affects only the b!ain and/o! spinal co!d. 1hen it does" the condition is

    called isolated vasculitis of the cent!al ne!vous system o! p!ima!y angiitis (an-&ee-I-tis) of the

    cent!al ne!vous system.

    ymptoms of '+ vasculitis include headaches" p!oblems thinking clea!ly" changes in mental

    function" o! st!oke-like symptoms" such as muscle weakness and pa!alysis (an inability to

    move).

    *awasaki Disease

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    Cawasaki (C2-wah-2-ke) diseaseis a !a!e childhood disease in which the walls of the

    blood vessels th!oughout the body become inflamed. he disease can affect any blood vessel

    in the body" including a!te!ies" veins" and capilla!ies.

    Cawasaki disease also is known as mucocutaneous (myu-ko-kyu--ne-as) lymph node

    synd!ome. his is because the disease is associated with !edness of the mucous memb!anes inthe eyes and mouth" !edness of the skin" and enla!ged lymph nodes. (5ucous memb!anes a!e

    tissues that line some o!gans and body cavities.)

    ometimes the disease affects the co!ona!y a!te!ies" which ca!!y o0ygen-!ich blood to the

    hea!t. s a !esult" a small numbe! of child!en who have Cawasaki disease may have se!ious

    hea!t p!oblems.

    olyarteritis )o#osa

    ?olya!te!itis nodosa (?@L-e-a!-te!-I-tis no-@-suh) can affect many pa!ts of the body. his

    diso!de! often affects the kidneys" the digestive t!act" the ne!ves" and the skin.

    ymptoms often include feve!" a gene!al feeling of being unwell" weight loss" and muscle and

    &oint aches" including pain in the calf muscles that develops ove! weeks o! months.

    @the! signs and symptoms include anemia(a low !ed blood cell count)" a lace- o! web-like

    !ash" bumps unde! the skin" and stomach pain afte! eating.

    *esea!che!s believe that this type of vasculitis is ve!y !a!e" although the symptoms can be

    simila! to those of othe! types of vasculitis. ome cases of polya!te!itis nodosa seem to be

    linked to hepatitis o! ' infections.

    Mostly "$all Vessel Vasculitis

    hese types of vasculitis usually" but not always" affect the body%s small blood vessels.

    hurg+"trauss "y!#ro$e

    'hu!g-t!auss synd!ome is a ve!y !a!e diso!de! that causes blood vessel inflammation. he

    diso!de! also is known as alle!gic angiitis and g!anulomatosis (>*+-u-lo-ma-@-sis).

    'hu!g-t!auss synd!ome can affect many o!gans" including the lungs" skin" kidneys" ne!voussystem" and hea!t. ymptoms can va!y widely. hey may include asthma" highe! than no!mal

    levels of white blood cells in the blood and tissues" and abno!mal lumps known as

    g!anulomas (g!an-yu-L@-mas).

    ,sse!tial Mi-e# ryoglo.uli!e$ia

    6ssential mi0ed c!yoglobulinemia (C*I-o->L@-u-luh-+6-me-uh) can occu! alone o!

    with a systemic vasculitis. systemic vasculitis is one that affects the body in a gene!al o!

    ove!all way.

    #'!yoglobulinemia$ !efe!s to abno!mal p!oteins in the blood. hese p!oteins fo!m a gel whena blood sample is e0posed to tempe!atu!es lowe! than no!mal body tempe!atu!e.

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    ymptoms often include &oint achesD weaknessD ne!ve changes" such as numbness" tingling"

    and pain in the limbsD kidney inflammationD and a !aised" bumpy" !eddish-pu!ple skin !ash

    known as palpable pu!pu!a (?A**-pu!!-ah).

    lthough essential mi0ed c!yoglobulinemia can occu! with othe! conditions" most often it%s

    linked to ch!onic hepatitis ' infection.

    /e!och+"ch0!lei! urpura

    2enoch-chEnlein pu!pu!a (2?) is a type of vasculitis that affects the smallest blood

    vessels in the skin" &oints" intestines" and kidneys. hese blood vessels a!e called capilla!ies.

    ymptoms often include stomach pain" aching and swollen &oints" and signs of kidney

    damage" such as blood in the u!ine. nothe! symptom is a b!uise-like !ash that mostly shows

    up as !eddish-pu!ple blotches on the lowe! legs and buttocks (although it can appea!

    anywhe!e on the body).

    2? is most common in child!en" but it also can affect teens and adults. In child!en" about

    half of all cases follow a vi!al o! bacte!ial uppe! !espi!ato!y infection. 5ost people get bette!

    in a few weeks and have no lasting p!oblems.

    /yperse!sitivity Vasculitis

    2ype!sensitivity vasculitis affects the skin. his condition also is known as alle!gic vasculitis"

    cutaneous (ku--ne-us) vasculitis" o! leukocytoclastic (LA-ko-si-@6-klas-tic) vasculitis.

    common symptom is !ed spots on the skin" usually on the lowe! legs. ,o! people who a!ebed!idden" the !ash appea!s on the lowe! back.

    n alle!gic !eaction to a medicine o! infection often causes this type of vasculitis. topping

    the medicine o! t!eating the infection usually clea!s up the vasculitis. 2oweve!" some people

    may need to take anti-inflammato!y medicines" such as co!ticoste!oids" fo! a sho!t time.

    hese medicines help !educe inflammation.

    Microscopic olya!giitis

    5ic!oscopic polyangiitis (?@L-e-an-&ee-I-tis) affects small blood vessels" pa!ticula!ly those

    in the kidneys and lungs. he disease mainly occu!s in middle-aged peopleD it affects menslightly mo!e often than women.

    he symptoms often a!ent specific" and they can begin g!adually with feve!" weight loss" and

    muscle aches. ometimes the symptoms come on suddenly and p!og!ess 3uickly" leading to

    kidney failu!e.

    If the lungs a!e affected" coughing up blood may be the fi!st symptom. ometimes

    mic!oscopic polyangiitis occu!s with a vasculitis that affects the intestinal t!act" the skin" and

    the ne!vous system.

    he signs and symptoms of mic!oscopic polyangiitis a!e simila! to those of 1egene!sg!anulomatosis (anothe! type of vasculitis). 2oweve!" mic!oscopic polyangiitis usually

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    doesnt affect the nose and sinuses o! cause abno!mal tissue fo!mations in the lungs and

    kidneys.

    he !esults of ce!tain blood testscan suggest inflammation. hese !esults include a highe!

    than no!mal e!yth!ocyte sedimentation !ate (6*)D lowe! than no!mal hemoglobin (266-

    muh-glow-bin) and hematoc!it (hee-5-oh-c!it) levels (which suggest anemia)D and highe!than no!mal white blood cell and platelet (?L6-let) counts.

    lso" mo!e than half of the people who have mic!oscopic polyangiitis have ce!tain antibodies

    (p!oteins) in thei! blood. hese antibodies a!e called antineut!ophil cytoplasmic

    autoantibodies (+'). +' also occu! in people who have 1egene!s g!anulomatosis.

    esting fo! +' cant be used to diagnose eithe! of these two types of vasculitis. 2oweve!"

    testing can help evaluate people who have vasculitis-like symptoms.

    Wege!er's %ra!ulo$atosis

    1egene!s g!anulomatosis is a !a!e type of vasculitis. It affects men and women e3ually"

    but it occu!s mo!e often in 1hites than in f!ican me!icans. his type of vasculitis can

    occu! at any age" but it%s mo!e common in middle-aged people.

    1egene!s g!anulomatosis typically affects the sinuses" nose" and th!oatD the lungsD and the

    kidneys. he condition also can affect othe! o!gans.

    In addition to inflamed blood vessels" the affected tissues also develop abno!mal lumps called

    g!anulomas. If g!anulomas develop in the lungs" they can dest!oy the lung tissue. he damage

    can be mistaken fo!pneumoniao! even lung cance!.

    ymptoms of 1egene!s g!anulomatosis often a!en%t specific. hey can begin slowly with

    feve!" weight loss" and muscle aches. ometimes the symptoms come on suddenly and

    p!og!ess !apidly" leading to kidney failu!e. If the lungs a!e affected" coughing up blood may

    be the fi!st symptom.

    he !esults of ce!tain blood tests can suggest inflammation. hese !esults include a highe!

    than no!mal 6*D lowe! than no!mal hemoglobin and hematoc!it levels (which suggest

    anemia)D and highe! than no!mal white blood cell and platelet counts.

    nothe! test looks fo! antip!oteinase-F (an antineut!ophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (+'))in the blood. 5ost people who have active 1egene!s g!anulomatosis will have this antibody.

    small po!tion may have anothe! +' known as antimyelope!o0idase-specific +'.

    2aving eithe! +' antibody isnt enough on its own to make a diagnosis of 1egene!s

    g!anulomatosis. 2oweve!" testing fo! the antibodies can help suppo!t the diagnosis in patients

    who have othe! signs and symptoms of the condition.

    biopsy of an affected o!gan is the best way fo! you! docto! to make a fi!m diagnosis.

    biopsy is a p!ocedu!e in which you! docto! takes a small sample of you! body tissue to

    e0amine unde! a mic!oscope.

    Other )a$es for Vasculitis

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    ngiitis

    !te!itis

    What auses Vasculitis?

    Vasculitis occu!s if you! immune system attacks you! blood vessels by mistake. 1hat causes

    this to happen isnt fully known.

    !ecent o! ch!onic (ongoing) infection may p!ompt the attack. Gou! body also may attack its

    own blood vessels in !eaction to a medicine.

    ometimes an autoimmune diso!de! t!igge!s vasculitis. utoimmune diso!de!s occu! if the

    immune system makes antibodies (p!oteins) that attack and damage the bodys own tissues o!

    cells. 60amples of these diso!de!s include lupus" !heumatoid a!th!itis" and scle!ode!ma. Gou

    can have these diso!de!s fo! yea!s befo!e developing vasculitis.

    Vasculitis also may be linked to ce!tain blood cance!s" such as leukemia and lymphoma.

    Who Is at (isk for Vasculitis?

    Vasculitis can affect people of all ages and !aces and both se0es. ome types of vasculitis

    seem to occu! mo!e often in people who:

    2ave ce!tain medical conditions" such as ch!onic hepatitis o! ' infection

    2ave ce!tain autoimmune diseases" such a lupus" !heumatoid a!th!itis" andscle!ode!ma

    moke

    What &re the "ig!s a!# "y$pto$s of Vasculitis?

    he signs and symptoms of vasculitis va!y. hey depend on the type of vasculitis you have"

    the o!gans involved" and the seve!ity of the condition. ome people may have few signs and

    symptoms. @the! people may become ve!y sick.

    ometimes the signs and symptoms develop slowly" ove! months. @the! times" the signs andsymptoms develop 3uickly" ove! days o! weeks.

    "yste$ic "ig!s a!# "y$pto$s

    ystemic signs and symptoms a!e those that affect you in a gene!al o! ove!all way. 'ommon

    systemic signs and symptoms of vasculitis a!e:

    ,eve!

    Loss of appetite

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    1eight loss

    ,atigue (ti!edness)

    >ene!al aches and pains

    Orga!+ or Bo#y "yste$+"pecific "ig!s a!# "y$pto$s

    Vasculitis can affect specific o!gans and body systems" causing a !ange of signs and

    symptoms.

    "ki!

    If vasculitis affects you! skin" you may notice skin changes. ,o! e0ample" you may have

    pu!ple o! !ed spots o! bumps" cluste!s of small dots" splotches" b!uises" o! hives. Gou! skin

    also may itch.

    1oi!ts

    If vasculitis affects you! &oints" you may ache o! develop a!th!itis in one o! mo!e &oints.

    Lu!gs

    If vasculitis affects you! lungs" you may feel sho!t of b!eath. Gou may even cough up blood.

    he !esults f!om a chest 0 !aymay show signs that suggestpneumonia" even though that may

    not be what you have.

    %astroi!testi!al Tract

    If vasculitis affects you! gast!ointestinal t!act" you may get ulce!s (so!es) in you! mouth o!

    have stomach pain.

    In seve!e cases" blood flow to the intestines can be blocked. his can cause the wall of the

    intestines to weaken and possibly !uptu!e (bu!st). !uptu!e can lead to se!ious p!oblems o!

    even death.

    "i!uses2 )ose2 Throat2 a!# ,ars

    If vasculitis affects you! sinuses" nose" th!oat" and ea!s" you may have sinus o! ch!onic

    (ongoing) middle ea! infections. @the! symptoms include ulce!s in the nose and" in some

    cases" hea!ing loss.

    ,yes

    If vasculitis affects you! eyes" you may develop !ed" itchy" bu!ning eyes. Gou! eyes also may

    become sensitive to light" and you! vision may blu!. *a!ely" ce!tain types of vasculitis may

    cause blindness.

    Brai!

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    If vasculitis affects you! b!ain" symptoms may include headaches" p!oblems thinking clea!ly"

    changes in mental function" o! st!oke-like symptoms" such as muscle weakness and pa!alysis

    (an inability to move).

    )erves

    If vasculitis affects you! ne!ves" you may have numbness" tingling" and weakness in va!ious

    pa!ts of you! body. Gou also may have a loss of feeling o! st!ength in you! hands and feet and

    shooting pains in you! a!ms and legs.

    /ow Is Vasculitis Diag!ose#?

    Gou! docto! will diagnose vasculitis based on you! signs and symptoms" you! medical histo!y"

    a physical e0am" and test !esults.

    "pecialists I!volve#

    epending on the type of vasculitis you have and the o!gans affected" you! docto! may !efe!

    you to va!ious specialists" including:

    !heumatologist (&oint and muscle specialist)

    n infectious disease specialist

    de!matologist (skin specialist)

    pulmonologist (lung specialist)

    neph!ologist (kidney specialist)

    neu!ologist (ne!vous system specialist)

    ca!diologist (hea!t specialist)

    n ophthalmologist (eye specialist)

    u!ologist (u!ina!y t!act and u!ogenital system specialist)

    Diag!ostic Tests a!# roce#ures

    5any tests a!e used to diagnose vasculitis.

    Bloo# Tests

    lood testscan show whethe! you have abno!mal levels of ce!tain blood cells and antibodies

    (p!oteins) in you! blood. hese tests may look at:

    2emoglobin and hematoc!it. low hemoglobin o! hematoc!it level suggests anemia"a complication of vasculitis. Vasculitis can inte!fe!e with the bodys ability to make

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    enough !ed blood cells. Vasculitis also can be linked to inc!eased dest!uction of !ed

    blood cells.

    ntineut!ophil cytoplasmic antibodies (+'). hese antibodies a!e p!esent in

    people who have ce!tain types of vasculitis.

    6!yth!ocyte sedimentation !ate (6*). high 6* may be a sign of inflammation in

    the body.

    he amount of '-!eactive p!otein ('*?) in you! blood. high '*? level suggests

    inflammation.

    Biopsy

    biopsy often is the best way fo! you! docto! to make a fi!m diagnosis of vasculitis. u!ing

    a biopsy" you! docto! will take a small sample of you! body tissue to study unde! a

    mic!oscope. 2e o! she will take the tissue sample f!om a blood vessel o! an o!gan.

    pathologist will study the sample fo! signs of inflammation o! tissue damage. pathologist

    is a docto! who speciali7es in identifying diseases by studying cells and tissues unde! a

    mic!oscope.

    Bloo# ressure

    ?eople who have vasculitis should have thei! blood p!essu!e checked !outinely. Vasculitis that

    damages the kidneys can cause high blood p!essu!e.

    3ri!alysis

    ,o! this test" youll p!ovide a u!ine sample fo! analysis. his test detects abno!mal levels of

    p!otein o! blood cells in the u!ine. bno!mal levels of these substances can be a sign of

    vasculitis affecting the kidneys.

    ,*% 4,lectrocar#iogra$5

    n6C>is a simple" painless test that !eco!ds the hea!ts elect!ical activity. Gou might have

    this test to show whethe! vasculitis is affecting you! hea!t.

    ,chocar#iography

    6choca!diog!aphyis a painless test that uses sound waves to c!eate a moving pictu!e of you!

    hea!t. he test gives info!mation about the si7e and shape of you! hea!t and how well you!

    hea!t chambe!s and valves a!e wo!king.

    hest 6 (ay

    chest 0 !ayis a painless test that c!eates pictu!es of the st!uctu!es inside you! chest" such as

    you! hea!t" lungs" and blood vessels. bno!mal chest 0-!ay !esults may show whethe!

    vasculitis is affecting you! lungs o! you! la!ge a!te!ies (such as the ao!ta o! the pulmona!y

    a!te!ies).

    http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbp/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/ekg/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/ekg/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/echo/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cxray/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbp/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/ekg/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/echo/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cxray/
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    Lu!g 7u!ctio! Tests

    Lung function tests measu!e how much ai! you can b!eathe in and out" how fast you can

    b!eathe ai! out" and how well you! lungs delive! o0ygen to you! blood.

    Lung function tests can help you! docto! find out whethe! ai!flow into and out of you! lungsis !est!icted o! blocked.

    &.#o$i!al 3ltrasou!#

    n abdominal ult!asound uses sound waves to c!eate a pictu!e of the o!gans and st!uctu!es in

    you! abdomen. he pictu!e may show whethe! vasculitis is affecting you! abdominal o!gans.

    o$pute# To$ography "ca!

    computed tomog!aphy (to-5@>-!ah-fee) scan" o! ' scan" is a type of 0 !ay that c!eates

    mo!e detailed pictu!es of you! inte!nal o!gans than a standa!d 0 !ay. he !esults f!om this testcan show whethe! you have a type of vasculitis that affects you! abdominal o!gans o! blood

    vessels.

    Mag!etic (eso!a!ce I$agi!g

    magnetic !esonance imaging (5*I) test uses !adio waves" magnets" and a compute! to

    c!eate detailed pictu!es of you! inte!nal o!gans.

    &!giography

    ngiog!aphy (an-&ee-@>-!a-fee) is a test that uses dye and special 0 !ays to show blood

    flowing th!ough you! blood vessels.

    he dye is in&ected into you! bloodst!eam. pecial 0-!ay pictu!es a!e taken while the dye

    flows th!ough you! blood vessels. he dye helps highlight the vessels on the 0-!ay pictu!es.

    octo!s use angiog!aphy to help find out whethe! blood vessels a!e na!!owed" swollen"

    defo!med" o! blocked.

    /ow Is Vasculitis Treate#?

    !eatment fo! vasculitis will depend on the type of vasculitis you have" which o!gans a!e

    affected" and the seve!ity of the condition.

    ?eople who have seve!e vasculitis a!e t!eated with p!esc!iption medicines. *a!ely" su!ge!y

    may be done. ?eople who have mild vasculitis may find !elief with ove!-the-counte! pain

    medicines" such as acetaminophen" aspi!in" ibup!ofen" o! nap!o0en.

    he main goal of t!eating vasculitis is to !educe inflammation in the affected blood vessels.

    his usually is done by !educing o! stopping the immune !esponse that caused the

    inflammation.

    Types of Treat$e!t

    http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/lft/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/lft/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/lft/
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    'ommon p!esc!iption medicines used to t!eat vasculitis include co!ticoste!oids and cytoto0ic

    medicines.

    'o!ticoste!oids help !educe inflammation in you! blood vessels. 60amples of co!ticoste!oids

    a!e p!ednisone" p!ednisolone" and methylp!ednisolone.

    octo!s may p!esc!ibe cytoto0ic medicines if vasculitis is seve!e o! if co!ticoste!oids dont

    wo!k well. 'ytoto0ic medicines kill the cells that a!e causing the inflammation. 60amples of

    these medicines a!e a7athiop!ine" methot!e0ate" and cyclophosphamide.

    Gou! docto! may p!esc!ibe both co!ticoste!oids and cytoto0ic medicines.

    @the! t!eatments may be used fo! ce!tain types of vasculitis. ,o! e0ample" the standa!d

    t!eatment fo! Cawasaki disease is high-dose aspi!in and immune globulin. Immune globulin

    is a medicine that%s in&ected into a vein.

    'e!tain types of vasculitis may !e3ui!e su!ge!y to !emove aneu!ysmsthat have fo!med as a!esult of the condition. (n aneu!ysm is an abno!mal bulge in the wall of a blood vessel.)

    /ow a! Vasculitis Be reve!te#?

    Gou cant p!event vasculitis. 2oweve!" t!eatment can help p!event o! delay the complications

    of vasculitis.

    ?eople who have seve!e vasculitis a!e t!eated with p!esc!iption medicines. *a!ely" su!ge!y

    may be done. ?eople who have mild vasculitis may find !elief with ove!-the-counte! pain

    medicines" such as acetaminophen" aspi!in" ibup!ofen" o! nap!o0en.

    ,o! mo!e info!mation about vasculitis t!eatments" go to 42ow Is Vasculitis

    Livi!g With Vasculitis

    he outcome of vasculitis is ha!d to p!edict. It will depend on the type of vasculitis you have"

    which o!gans a!e affected" and the seve!ity of the condition.

    If vasculitis is diagnosed ea!ly and !esponds well to t!eatment" it may go away o! go into

    !emission. 4*emission4 means the condition isnt active" but it can come back" o! 4fla!e"4 at

    any time.

    ,la!es can be ha!d to p!edict. Gou may have a fla!e when you stop t!eatment o! change you!

    t!eatment. ome types of vasculitis seem to fla!e mo!e often than othe!s. lso" some people

    have fla!es mo!e often than othe!s.

    ometimes vasculitis is ch!onic (ongoing) and neve! goes into !emission. Long-te!m

    t!eatment with medicines often can cont!ol ch!onic vasculitis" but no cu!e has been found.

    *a!ely" vasculitis doesnt !espond well to t!eatment. his can lead to disability o! even death.

    O!goi!g are

    http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arm/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/vas/treatment.htmlhttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arm/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/vas/treatment.html
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    he medicines used to t!eat vasculitis can have side effects. ,o! e0ample" long-te!m use of

    co!ticoste!oids may lead to weight gain" diabetes " weakness" a dec!ease in muscle si7e" and

    osteopo!osis (a bone-thinning condition). Long-te!m use of these medicines also may

    inc!ease you! !isk of infection.

    Gou! docto! may ad&ust the type o! dose of medicine you take to lessen o! p!event the sideeffects. If you! vasculitis goes into !emission" you! docto! may ca!efully withd!aw you!

    medicines. 2oweve!" he o! she will still need to ca!efully watch you fo! fla!es.

    1hile you!e being t!eated fo! vasculitis" youll need to see you! docto! !egula!ly. alk with

    you! docto! about any new symptoms and othe! changes in you! health" including side effects

    of you! medicines.

    ,$otio!al Issues a!# "upport

    Living with a ch!onic condition may cause fea!" an0iety" dep!ession" and st!ess. alk about

    how you feel with you! health ca!e team. alking to a p!ofessional counselo! also can help. Ifyou%!e ve!y dep!essed" you! docto! may !ecommend medicines o! othe! t!eatments that can

    imp!ove you! 3uality of life.

    Hoining a patient suppo!t g!oup may help you ad&ust to living with vasculitis. Gou can see

    how othe! people who have the same symptoms have coped with them. alk with you! docto!

    about local suppo!t g!oups o! check with an a!ea medical cente!.

    uppo!t f!om family and f!iends also can help !elieve st!ess and an0iety. Let you! loved ones

    know how you feel and what they can do to help you.

    li!ical Trials

    he +ational 2ea!t" Lung" and lood Institute (+2LI) is st!ongly committed to suppo!ting

    !esea!ch aimed at p!eventing and t!eating hea!t" lung" and blood diseases and conditions and

    sleep diso!de!s.

    +2LI-suppo!ted !esea!ch has led to many advances in medical knowledge and ca!e. @ften"

    these advances depend on the willingness of voluntee!s to take pa!t in clinical t!ials.

    'linical t!ials test new ways to p!event" diagnose" o! t!eat va!ious diseases and conditions.

    ,o! e0ample" new t!eatments fo! a disease o! condition (such as medicines" medical devices"su!ge!ies" o! p!ocedu!es) a!e tested in voluntee!s who have the illness. esting shows whethe!

    a t!eatment is safe and effective in humans befo!e it is made available fo! widesp!ead use.

    y taking pa!t in a clinical t!ial" you can gain access to new t!eatments befo!e they%!e widely

    available. Gou also will have the suppo!t of a team of health ca!e p!ovide!s" who will likely

    monito! you! health closely. 6ven if you don%t di!ectly benefit f!om the !esults of a clinical

    t!ial" the info!mation gathe!ed can help othe!s and add to scientific knowledge.

    If you voluntee! fo! a clinical t!ial" the !esea!ch will be e0plained to you in detail. Gou%ll lea!n

    about t!eatments and tests you may !eceive" and the benefits and !isks they may pose. Gou%ll

    also be given a chance to ask 3uestions about the !esea!ch. his p!ocess is called info!medconsent.

    http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/clinicaltrials/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/clinicaltrials/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/clinicaltrials/
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    If you ag!ee to take pa!t in the t!ial" you%ll be asked to sign an info!med consent fo!m. his

    fo!m is not a cont!act. Gou have the !ight to withd!aw f!om a study at any time" fo! any

    !eason. lso" you have the !ight to lea!n about new !isks o! findings that eme!ge du!ing the

    t!ial.

    ,o! mo!e info!mation about clinical t!ials !elated to vasculitis" talk with you! docto!. Gou alsocan visit the following 1eb sites to lea!n mo!e about clinical !esea!ch and to sea!ch fo!

    clinical t!ials:

    http://clinical!esea!ch.nih.gov

    www.clinicalt!ials.gov

    www.nhlbi.nih.gov/studies/inde0.htm

    www.!esea!chmatch.o!g

    ,o! mo!e info!mation about clinical t!ials fo! child!en" visit the +2LI%s 'hild!en and

    'linical tudies1eb page.

    http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://clinicalresearch.nih.govhttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/studies/index.htmhttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://www.researchmatch.org/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/childrenandclinicalstudies/index.phphttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/childrenandclinicalstudies/index.phphttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/childrenandclinicalstudies/index.phphttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://clinicalresearch.nih.govhttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/studies/index.htmhttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/redir/disclaimer.htm?http://www.researchmatch.org/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/childrenandclinicalstudies/index.phphttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/childrenandclinicalstudies/index.php