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«John Ronald Reuel Tolkien –

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МОСКВА 2010 ГОД

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien

CBE

He was an English writer, poet, philologist,

and university professor.

His best known as the author of the

classic high fantasy works «The Hobbit»,

«The Lord of the Rings», and «The

Silmarillion».

3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973

20 Northmoor Road, the former home of J. R. R. Tolkien in North Oxford

Tolkien attended King

Edward's School,

Birmingham

Later Tolkien attended St.

Philip's School, Birmingham

In 1911 Tolkien began studying at Exeter College, Oxford

and graduated it in 1915 with first-class honours in his final examinations.

Edith and Ronald were formally engaged in Birmingham, in January 1913, and

married at Warwick, England, at Saint Mary Immaculate Catholic Church on 22

March 1916

Tolkien's first civilian job

after World War I was at the

Oxford English Dictionary,

where he worked mainly on

the history and etymology of

words of Germanic origin

beginning with the letter W.

In 1925 he returned to

Oxford as Rawlinson and

Bosworth Professor of

Anglo-Saxon at Pembroke

College.

Tolkien was Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon

at Oxford University from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English

Language and Literature there from 1945 to 1959.

Aerial view of Oxford city centre

At Pembroke College Tolkien

wrote «The

Hobbit» and the first two

volumes of «The Lord of

the Rings».

Pembroke College

In 1945 Tolkien moved to

Merton College, Oxford.

There he became the

Merton Professor of

English Language and

Literature in which post he remained until his retirement

in 1959.

Tolkien completed

«The Lord of the Rings» in

1948. Merton College

He was a

member of

the informal

literary

discussion

group

known as

the

Inklings.

The Inklings was an informal literary

discussion group associated with the University of Oxford,

England, for nearly two decades between the early 1930s and late

1949.The Inklings were literary enthusiasts

who praised the value of narrative in fiction, and encouraged the

writing of fantasy. Although Christian

values were notably present in several

members' work, there were also irreligious

members of the discussion group.

The Eagle and Child pub (commonly known as the Bird and Baby or

simply just the Bird) in Oxford where the Inklings met informally on

Tuesday mornings during term.

Tolkien was appointed a

Commander of the Order of the

British Empire by Queen

Elizabeth II

on the 28th of March in 1972. Commander of the Order of

the British Empire (CBE)

Notable works

The Silmarillion

The Hobbit

The Lord of the Rings

Tolkien is the "father" of modern

fantasy. «The Silmarillion»

Tolkien wrote a brief Sketch of the Mythology"

which included the tales of Beren and

Lúthien and of Túrin.

After his death, Tolkien's son Christopher

published a series of works based on his

father's extensive notes and unpublished

manuscripts «The Silmarillion», «The

Hobbit» and «The Lord of the Rings»,

other tales, poems, fictional histories,

invented languages, and literary essays

about an imagined world called Arda, and

Middle-earth. «The Hobbit»

A book which he

had written some

years before for his

own children, came

in 1936.

«The Lord of the

Rings»

Tolkien at first

intended «The Lord

of the Rings» to be a

children's tale in the

style of «The

Hobbit»

The Lord of the Rings is an epic

fantasy novel

The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's

earlier children's fantasy novel The Hobbit

(1937), developed into a much larger

work. It was written in stages between

1937 and 1949, much of it during World

War II.

The Fellowship of the Ring

The Return of the King The Two Towers

The three volumes were entitled

Elijah Wood as Frodo in

Peter Jackson's live-action

version of The Lord of the

Rings

Ian Holm as Bilbo Baggins in Peter

Jackson's The Lord of the Rings: The

Fellowship of the Ring

Bag End

One ring to rule

them all, one

ring to find

them,

One ring to

bring them all

and in the

darkness bind

them.

One Ring

Three Rings for the

Elven-kings under the

sky,

Seven for the Dwarf-

lords in their halls of

stone,

Nine for Mortal Men

doomed to die,

One for the Dark Lord

on his dark throne

In the Land of Mordor

where the Shadows lie.

One Ring to rule them

all, One Ring to find

them,

One Ring to bring them

all and in the darkness

bind them

In the Land of Mordor

where the Shadows lie.

Orodruin Mount Doom

Andy Serkis as Gollum and Smeagol

Christopher Lee as Saruman Ian McKellen as Gandalf the White in Peter

Jackson's live-action version of The Lord of

the Rings.

Cate Blanchett as Galadriel: An Elf

and the co-ruler of Lothlórien

Lothlórien

Arwen as played by Liv Tyler

The filming location for Rivendell was Kaitoke Regional Park in Upper Hutt, New Zealand

Viggo Mortensen as Aragorn in Peter Jackson's

live-action version of The Lord of the Rings

Orlando Bloom as Legolas in

Peter Jackson's live-action

version of The Lord of the Rings

Mordor

Sauron is a large, human-like form

during the forging of the Ring and up to

his losing it, then being "limited" to the

disembodied Eye form throughout the

rest of the storyline. He is portrayed by

Sala Baker.

The Eye of Sauron as

portrayed in Peter Jackson's

Lord of the Rings movie

trilogy as Sauron's form in

the Third Age

One Ring to rule them all.

All for One Ring and One Ring for all.

A Hobbit Must Fulfill His Destiny.

One Ring Fits All.

The Legend Comes to Life

You will find adventure, or adventure will

find you.

One ring to rule them all, One ring to find

them, One ring to bring them all and in the

darkness bind them.

Fate Has Chosen Him. A Fellowship Will

Protect Him. Evil Will Hunt Them.

Middle Earth comes alive...

Even the smallest person can change the

course of the future.

All we have to decide is what to do with the

time that we are given.

Power can be held in the smallest of

things...

Dialogue

Frodo: I will take the Ring to Mordor. Though... I do not know the way.

Gandalf: I will help you bear this burden, Frodo Baggins, as long as it is yours to bear.

Aragorn: If, by my life or death, I can protect you, I will. You have my sword.

Legolas: And you have my bow.

Gimli: And my axe.

Boromir: You carry the fates of us all, little one. If this is indeed the will of the Council, then Gondor will see it done.

[Sam appears from behind some bushes.]

Sam: Here! And Mr. Frodo's not going anywhere without me!

Elrond: No, indeed! It is hardly possible to separate you, even when he is summoned to a secret Council and you are not.

[Merry and Pippin run into the Council meeting]

Merry: Oi! We're coming too! You'll have to send us home tied up in a sack to stop us!

Pippin: Anyway, you need people of intelligence on this sort of mission. Quest. Thing.

Merry: Well that rules you out, Pip.

Elrond: Nine companions... So be it. You shall be the Fellowship of the Ring.

Pippin: Great. Where are we going?

Frodo: It's a pity Bilbo didn't kill [Gollum] when he had the chance.

Gandalf: Pity? It was pity that stayed Bilbo's hand. Many that live deserve death, and some that die deserve life. Can you give it to them, Frodo? Do not be too eager to deal out death in judgment. Even the very wise cannot see all ends.

Frodo: I wish the Ring had never come to me. I wish none of this had happened.

Gandalf: So do all who live to see such times; but that is not for them to decide. All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given to us. There are other forces at work in this world, Frodo, besides the will of evil. Bilbo was meant to find the Ring. In which case, you were also meant to have it. And that is an encouraging thought.