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islami saqarTveloSi:

politika da integracia

Tbilisi2016

kvlevis angariSi

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mkvlevarTa jgufi: arCil sixaruliZe, maia uruSaZe, gela xmalaZe, rauf WiWinaZe

winasityvaoba: giorgi lobJaniZeproeqtis direqtori: giorgi kanaSviliredaqtori: nino lomiZedizaini: qeiT gabrisi

ISBN 978-9941-400-98-8

UDC (uak) 28+28-4+28-67+28-78i-856

publikacia momzadebulia aaip `kulturul urTierTobaTa centri – kavkasiuri saxlis“ mier, TbilisSi didi britaneTis saelCos finansuri mxardaWeriT. aRniSnuli dokumentis Sinaarsi asaxavs mxolod aaip `kul­turul urTierTobaTa centri – kavkasiuri saxlis“ pozicias da ar unda iqnes miCneuli didi britaneTisa da CrdiloeT irlandiis gaerTianebuli samefos saelCos poziciad.

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s a r C e v i

Sesavali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

kvlevis mizani da kvlevis meTodologia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11kvlevis mizani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13meTodologia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

muslimuri Temi saqarTveloSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15zogadi aRwera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17pankisis xeoba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18qvemo qarTlis regioni. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24aWaris avtonomiuri respublika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

saxelmwifo politika da uwyebebis saqmianoba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparati . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41ssip maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis erovnuli centri. . . . . . . . 43ssip Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45saqarTvelos sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saministro . . . . . . . . . . 46saqarTvelos Serigebisa da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis sakiTxebSi

saxelmwifo ministris aparati . . . . . . . 47saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis saministro. . 48saqarTvelos regionuli ganviTarebisa da infrastruqturis saministro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saministro. . . . . . . . . . . . . 49saxelmwifo politikisa da uwyebaTa saqmianobis analizi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

religiuri gaerTianebebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59saqarTvelos sapatriarqo da muslimuri Temi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

saqarTveloSi warmodgenili arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis saqmianoba muslimur TemTan mimarTebiT . . . . . . . . . . . 67organizaciebis saqmianobis zogadi aRwera. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69TbilisSi warmodgenili organizaciebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69qvemo qarTlSi warmodgenili arasamTavrobo organizaciebi . . . . . . . . . . . . 73pankisis xeobaSi moqmedi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

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aWaris avtonomiur respublikaSi moqmedi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

qarTuli media da misi gavlena

muslimuri Temis integraciis procesze. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79centraluri mediasaSualebebis saqmianoba. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81pankisis xeoba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82aWaris regioni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84qvemo qarTli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

rekomendaciebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

bibliografia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

danarTi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

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Sesavali

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msoflioSi am saukunis dawyebisTanave ganvi­Tarebulma movlenebma islamis Tema xelaxla

aqtualuri gaxada. aSkaraa, rom muslimurma eqspan­siam sruliad axali, wina aswleulebisagan gansxvave­buli Sinaarsi SeiZina da modernizebuli taqtikuri veqtorebis Sesabamisad daiwyo moqmedeba. Tavis mx­riv, msoflios didi saxelmwifoebis teritoriaze islamis saxeliT ganxorcielebulma masStaburma teraqtebma aiZula isini, erTi mxriv, xelaxla ga­daesinjaT am religiis mimarT didi xnis winaT Ca­moyalibebuli sakuTari damokidebuleba da, meore mxriv, SeemuSavebinaT masTan urTierTobis axali re­alobis Sesabamisi strategia.

saqarTvelo, Tavisi geopolitikuri mdgomareo­bidan gamomdinare, am TvalsazrisiT yovelTvis iyo da dRemde rCeba erT­erT umniSvnelovanes punqtad, romlisTvisac Tanamedrove religiaTaSorisi kon­teqstebis sworad gaazrebas sasicocxlo mniSvnelo­ba eniWeba. miTumetes, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom muslimuri Temi qveynis yvelaze didi religiuri um­ciresobaa da aq warmodgenilia islamis orive Zir­iTadi – rogorc sunituri, ise Siituri – ganStoeba.

qarTuli sazogadoeba islams ukve kargad icnob­da VII saukunis miwurulidan, rodesac aq arabebi ga­moCndnen da qveyana swored am religiis saxeliTa da regulaciebiT sakuTari gamgeblobis qveS moaqcies. islamuri dogmebiT aRWurvilma arabebma, romel­TaTvisac am religiuri mimdinareobis gamoCenamde ucxo iyo TviTorganizebisa da samxedro taqtikis TiTqmis elementaruli gamovlinebanic ki, sul mok­le xanSi moaxerxes Tavisi drois uZlieresi saxelm­wifoebis dapyroba da warmatebiT miaRwies Suagul

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evropamde. dapyrobili miwebis aTvisebasa da xalxis adaptacias xels uwyobda islamis, rogorc msoflio religiis, ara viwroeTnikuri, aramed kosmopolitu­ri da zogadsakacobrio safuZveli.

xazgasasmelia, rom warmarTebisagan (muSriqun) da aTeistebisagan (qafir) gansxvavebiT, islami iuda­izmisa da qristianobis aRmsareblebTan mimarTebiT uSvebs garkveul `SeRavaTebs“. kerZod, yuranSi ver­sad SevxvdebiT qristianTa da iudevelTa devnis an religiuri iZulebis pirdapir mowodebas.

arsebiTad, es koncefciaa areklili habib ibn maslamas ̀ dacvis sigelSic“, roca momxvduri saqarT­velos mkvidr mosaxleobas, Sesabamisi ori gadasaxa­dis (xarajisa da jiziis) safasurad, maTi sarwmunoe­bis xelSeuxeblobas sTavazobs. am dacvis sigelidan TiTqmis XVIII saukunis dasasrulamde saqarTvelos istoria islamTan, ufro sworad, politikuri isla­mis sxvadasxva gamovlinebasTan dapirispirebis anda masTan mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis gzaTa Ziebis dra­matul ambavs warmogvidgens.

viTareba siRrmiseulad icvleba kavkasiaSi ruse­Tis gamoCenis Semdgom, roca muslimur saxelmwi­foebs aRar SeswevT Zala maTze gacilebiT Zlier mowinaaRmdeges gaumklavdnen da saqarTvelos (xan rogorc caristuli ruseTis imperiis teritori­aTa nawilis da xanac – rogorc sabWoTa socialis­turi respublikis) sazRvrebi maTTvis didi xnis ganmavlobaSi iketeba. saqarTvelos teritoriaze sxvadasxva istoriul garemoSi warmoqmnili muslim­uri dasaxlebebis mimarT politikasa da saerTod, muslimur TemTan urTierTobas ki centris, anu rusuli politikuri elitis neba da Sexedulebebi gansazRvravda. sagulisxmoa, rom caristuli `ruse­Tis kavkasiis muslimTa sammarTvelos“ rezidencia ara regionis romelime muslimur qalaqSi, aramed swored TbilisSi mdebareobda.

kidev erTi mniSvnelovani istoriuli faqtia 1872 wels mefis mier miRebuli `debuleba amierkavkasiis

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muslimanuri sasuliero wodebis marTvis Sesaxeb~. am debulebis mTavar mizans mTavrobis winaSe muslimu­ri sasuliero wodebis uflebebisa da movaleobebis zustad gansazRvra warmoadgenda. carizmisaTvis aucilebeli iyo muslimi sasuliero wodeba iseT md­gomareobaSi Caeyenebina, rom mas mefisadmi rac Sei­Zleba loialurad emoqmeda, mTavrobas ki saSualeba hqonoda, misTvis Tvalyuri edevnebina, Seemowmebina da waremarTa misi saqmianoba.

aRsaniSnavia, rom am periodSi mefis ruseTis mTav­robis gadawyvetilebiT, TbilisSi daarsda suniti da Siiti sasuliero pirebis (molebis) mosamzadebe­li saswavlebeli, romlis mizansac, religiur ganaT­lebaze metad, mefis mTavrobis erTguli Segirdebis aRzrda warmoadgenda.

saintereso procesebi SeiniSneba XX saukunis dasawyisSic. 1907 wels TbilisSi Seiqmna muslimu­ri partia `modafee~ (`Tavdacva~), romelic miznad isaxavda Tbilisis guberniis muslimTa Soris reli­giuri aRzrda­ganaTlebis warmarTvas. amave period­Si, Tavismxriv, qarTvelma erovnulma moRvaweebma seriozuli saqmianoba wamoiwyes `samuslimano saqa­rTvelos~ qarTul garemoSi adaptirebisaTvis.

aseve, qarTuli inteligenciis mier gadadgmuli mniSvnelovani nabiji qarTveli muslimebisTvis maTi saRvTo wignis yuranis qarTulad Targmna da gamoce­ma iyo. yurani calke wignad 1906 wels gamoica.

oficialuri statistikiT saqarTvelos gasabWo­ebamde aWaris, axalcixisa da borCalos mazrebis soflebi daserili yofila meCeTebisa da medresee­bis farTo qseliT, sadac asobiT mola msaxurobda. aWaraSi moqmedebda 158­mde meCeTi. molebis raode­noba 317­mde aRwevda. axalcixis mazraSi moqmedebda 86 meCeTi, sadac 164­mde mola msaxurobda. borCalos mazraSi ki 59­mde meCeTi moqmedebda, xolo molebis ricxvi 107­s aRemateboda.

sabWoTa periodSi, gasagebi mizezebis gamo, re­ligiasa da maT Soris, islamTan dakavSirebuli

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sakiTxebi an miCumaTebuli iyo, an arasworad inter­pretirebuli. amitomac mniSvnelovania islamTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis istoriuli da Teologi­uri aspeqtebis siRrmiseuli Seswavla.

sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdgom, damoukideb­el saqarTveloSi, iseve rogorc post­sabWoTa sxva qveynebSi, daiwyo tradiciuli religiuri kon­fesiebis aRmavloba da amavdroulad, am region­isTvis aratradiciuli religiuri mimdinareobebis gamoCena da damkvidreba. Sedegad ki moxda mosax­leobis udidesi nawilis religiurobis swrafi ga­Zliereba. ra Tqma unda, es procesi saqarTveloSi mcxovreb muslimur Temsac Seexo. Sedegad, dRes Seqmnilia iseTi viTareba, roca tradiciulad qris­tiani (marTlmadidebeli) umravlesobiT dasaxle­bul qveyanaSi islamis sxvadasxva ganStoebis Wreli da mravalferovani speqtria ganTesili.

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kvlevis mizani da kvlevis meTodologia

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kvlevis mizani

saqarTveloSi Catarebulma kvlevebma cxadyo, rom gansxvavebu­li religiuri jgufebis Tanacxovrebis istoriuli praqtikis

miuxedavad, qveyanaSi arsebobs sxva religiuri denominaciebis sazo­gadoebaSi CarTulobis problema. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, dReisaTvis msoflioSi ganviTarebuli procesebis gamo gansakuTrebuli yur­adReba eTmoba muslimur TemSi mimdinare procesebs. am mxriv arc saqa­rTveloa gamonaklisi. es Temi, rogorc qveynis yvelaze didi religi­uri umciresoba, dakvirvebisa da analizis obieqtad iqca. saxelmwifo institutebi, arasamTavrobo seqtori da saqarTvelos strategiuli partniorebi aqtiurad monawileoben mis qarTul sazogadoebaSi Car­Tulobis xarisxis asamaRleblad.

mimdinare kvlevis mizania saqarTveloSi muslimuri Temis inte­graciis kuTxiT arsebuli sakiTxebis Seswavla, sazogadoebaSi am Te­misadmi cnobierebis amaRleba da procesebSi CarTuli aqtorebisTvis Sesabamisi rekomendaciebis SemuSaveba.

saqarTveloSi muslimuri Temis integraciis sakiTxis SeswavliT mravali organizaciaa dakavebuli. bolo dros gamoqveynda ramdenime mniSvnelovani kvleva, romelTa farglebSic mkafiodaa Camoyalibebu­li TemSi arsebuli problemebi. aqedan gamomdinare, mimdinare kvlevis daniSnuleba gaxldaT sakiTxis ufro kompleqsurad Seswavla: a) inte­graciis ara mxolod religiuri, aramed samoqalaqo aspeqtebis ganx­ilva; b) arsebuli mignebebis gadamowmeba da siaxleebis/cvlilebebis aRwera; da g) am mimarTulebiT sxvadasxva institutis mier bolo wleb­Si gatarebuli politikisa da ganxorcielebuli proeqtebis analizi. am midgomis meSveobiT vgegmavdiT im faqtorebis aRmoCenas, romlebic aRniSnul jgufs dRemde xels uSlis srulfasovan integraciaSi.

meTodologia

kvleva daiyo sam nawilad – pirveladi informaciis moZieba da savele samuSaoebi. gamoyenebuli iyo kvlevis Tvisebrivi

meTodebi, rogoricaa literaturis mimoxilva da siRrmiseuli inte­rviu. kvlevaSi moyvanili raodenobrivi informacia moZiebul iqna sxvadasxva institutTan urTierTobis, literaturisa da Ria wyaroe­bis mimoxilvis meSveobiT.

pirveladi kvleva Seicavda literaturis mimoxilvas da siRrm­

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iseul intervius. mizani iyo am Temis irgvliv ukve arsebuli infor­maciis dagroveba da ori ZiriTadi seqtoris saqmianobis Seswavla – saxelmwifo uwyebebida adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi. gancalkevebulad gaanalizda saqarTveloSi ori mniSvnelovani insti­tutis – mediisa da saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis – roli.

literaturis mimoxilvis farglebSi moxda muslimuri Temis in­tegraciis kuTxiT arsebuli samecniero wignebis, saxelmwifo poli­tikis sabuTebis da sxvadasxva uwyebis dokumentaciis, adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis kvlevebisa da sxva wyaroebis analizi.

siRrmiseuli interviu Catarda saxelmwifo uwyebebis moxeleebTan, arasamTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebisa da kvleviTi insti­tutebis warmomadgenlebTan, damoukidebel eqspertebTan da sxva Ses­abamisi informaciis mqone pirebTan.

kvlevis meore etapi, savele samuSaoebi, ganxorcielda muslimi mosaxleobis mier kompaqturad dasaxlebul sam regionSi – qvemoqa­rTlSi (q. marneuli), pankisis xeobaSi da aWaris regionSi (q. baTumi, q. qobuleTi, sofeli axalSeni, sofeli Suaxevi, sofeli qeda), aseve, q. TbilisSi – zemo foniWalis dasaxlebaSi. savele samuSaoebisas moxda adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobebis, arasamTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis, eqspertebis, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis wevrebisa da muslimuri Temis warmomadgenlebis interviureba. Sexvedrebis mizani iyo damatebiTi informaciis moZieba da uSualod adgilze probleme­bis gacnoba.

kvlevis bolo etapi iyo pirveladi mignebebis prezentacia da re­komendaciebis miReba/gaTvaliswineba. am mizniT gaimarTa konferen­cia, romelsac daeswrnen qveyanaSi am dargis wamyvani specialistebi, saxelmwifo uwyebebis warmomadgenlebi, samoqalaqo sazogadoebisa da regionebidan muslimuri Temis wevrebi. gamarTuli diskusiis Sedegad miRebuli informacia gaanalizda da aisaxa kvlevis winamdebare doku­mentSi.

saerTo jamSi, kvlevis farglebSi Catarda 60 siRrmiseuli inter­viu, saidanac 17 moicavs saxelmwifo uwyebebs, 19 – adgilobriv da saer­TaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, xolo danarCeni 34 – muslim­uri Temis warmomadgenlebs, sainiciativo jgufebs da eqspertebs.

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muslimuri Temi saqarTveloSi

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zogadi aRwera

2014 wlis noemberSi Catarebuli mosaxleobis sayovelTao aRw­eris mixedviT, saqarTveloSi 398 aTasi muslimi cxovrobs, rac

mTeli mosaxleobis 10.7 procents Seadgens.1 am monacemis Tanaxmad, muslimi Temi marTlmadidebeli umravlesobis Semdeg saqarTvelos yvelaze msxvil religiur Tems warmoadgens.

sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelodan miRebuli ofi­cialuri monacemebiT, saqarTvelos teritoriaze 2016 wlis dasawy­isisTvis moqmedebda 312 meCeTi, sadac RvTismsaxurebas asrulebs aR­niSnuli sammarTvelos mier daniSnuli 400­ze meti sasuliero piri. funqcionirebs 30­ze meti dawyebiTi sasuliero saswavlebeli, sadac mozardebs, aseve yvela dainteresebul pirs, SesaZlebloba aqvT Seis­wavlon islamis safuZvlebi, yuranis teqstebi da arabuli ena.

saqarTveloSi muslimi mosaxleobis kompaqturi gansaxlebis re­gionebia pankisis xeoba (axmetis municipaliteti), qvemo qarTlis re­gioni da aWaris avtonomiuri respublika. sxvadasxva eTnikuri war­moSobis muslimebiT dasaxlebuli mcire anklavebi arsebobs kaxeTis regionis yvarlis, Telavis da sagarejos municipalitetebSi (eTni­kuri xunZebi da azerbaijanelebi), agreTve walkis municipalitetSi, samcxe­javaxeTis da guriis regionebSi (aWaridan gadmosaxlebuli ekomigrantebi, aseve repatriirebul mesxTa mcire jgufebi). muslimi mosaxleoba kompaqturad cxovrobs TbilisSic. zemoTxsenebuli aRw­eris mixedviT, dedaqalaqSi maTi raodenoba 16 aTass aWarbebs.

saqarTvelos muslimi TemiT dasaxlebuli regionebi xasiaTde­ba gansakuTrebuli specifikurobiT, rac ganpirobebulia eTnikuri mravalferovnebiT da konkretuli regionis socialur­ekonomikuri ganviTarebis TaviseburebebiT. amasTan gasaTvaliswinebelia islamu­ri Temis SigniT arsebuli winaaRmdegobebi, romlebic TiToeuli re­gionisaTvis gansxvavebulia.

unda aRiniSnos, rom umuSevrobis problema da socialuri Car­Tulobis dabali done saqarTvelos yvela regionisaTvis Tanabradaa damaxasiaTebeli, Tumca faqtia, rom religiuri da eTnikuri um­ciresobebiT dasaxlebul regionebSi xsenebuli problemebi pirdapir aisaxeba umciresobebis samoqalaqo integraciis xarisxze.

1 ix. mosaxleobis 2014 wlis sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebi, bmuli: http://census.ge/ge/results/census

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pankisis xeoba

pankisis xeobaSi mcxovrebi naxuri warmoSobis qistebis gansax­leba me­19 saukunis 40­iani wlebidan daiwyo. qarTul mosaxleo­

basTan mWidro socialuri da ekonomikuri kontaqtebis meSveobiT adgilobriv garemosTan maTi adaptireba swrafadve moxda. qiste­bi tradiciulad sunituri islamis Safiiduri mazhabis mimdevrebi iyvnen.

qisti mosaxleobis danarCen saqarTvelosTan gaucxoeba ukve da­moukidebeli saqarTvelos saxelmwifos pirobebSi moxda. aRsaniSnavia am procesis xelSemwyobi ramdenime faqtori. erTi mxriv, 90­ian wleb­Si qveynis SigniT arsebuli politikuri, ekonomikuri da socialuri garemo, rasac kidev ufro amZafrebda centraluri da adgilobrivi xelisuflebebis korumpirebuloba, xeobis iaraRisa da narkobiznes­Si aqtiuri CarTuloba; meore mxriv, CeCneTSi mimdinare samxedro da­pirispireba. pirveli da meore CeCneTis omebis Sedegad pankisis xeo­baSi CeCeni ltolvilebiSemovidnen, ramac mniSvnelovnad Secvala adgilze arsebuli socialuri foni. oficialuri monacemebiT maTi ricxvi 8 aTass ar aRemateoboda,1 Tumca vinaidan registracia iyo nebayoflobiTi, arsebobs safuZvliani eWvi, rom maTi ricxvi bevrad ufro didi iyo.

CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi arsebuli situaciis gaTvaliswinebiT, saqa­rTvelos imJamindeli xelisuflebisTvis mniSvnelovani gamowveva iyo ar daeSva pankisis xeobaze asaxuliyo mezobel regionSi mimdinare procesebi da SeenarCunebina stabiluroba xeobaSi. gansakuTrebiT mwvave pozicia xeobasTan dakavSirebiT hqonda ruseTis federacias, romelic movlenebs CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi terorizmis winaaRmdeg brZolis farglebSi ganixilavda. Sedegad, pankisis xeoba aseve moeq­ca saerTaSoriso masmediisa da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis subi­eqtebis yuradRebis centrSic. 2000­iani wlebis dasawyisSi aRniSnuli gamowvevebis sapasuxod saqarTvelos imJamindelma xelisuflebam xe­obisa da zogadad qveynis masStabiT kompleqsuri midgomebi gaatara, ris Sedegadac moxerxda im droisTvis arsebuli problemebis aRmof­xvra.

aseve aRsaniSnavia, rom CeCneTis meore omis periodidan (1999­2000ww.) moyolebuli pankisis xeobaSi gavrcelebas iwyebs sunituri islamis e. w. salafituri mimdinareoba. misi Semosvla saqarTveloSi

1 ix. CeCen ltolvilTa raodenoba Semcirda, 3 maisi 2002 weli. Civil.ge, bmuli: http://www.civil.ge/geo/article.php?id=1221

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ZiriTadad xdeboda CeCneTis respubli­kidan, nawilobriv ki arabuli saxelmwi­foebidan. sakuTar saxelmwifoSi profe­siuli ganviTarebis SesaZleblobis uqon­loba, uxarisxo ga­naTleba, socialuri mobilobis ararsebo­ba, agreTve saqarTve­los sxva regionebi­sagan izolirebuli da karCaketili yofa gaxda ZiriTadi mizezebi imisa, rom xeobis mosaxleobis axalgazrduli nawili TviTgamoxatvasa da TviTrealizebas swored salafituri islamis saSualebiT Seecada.

2014 wlis mosaxleobis sayovelTao aRweris Tanaxmad, mTlianad saqarTveloSi 5700 eTnikuri qisti cxovrobs,1 romelTa absolutu­ri umravlesoba muslimia. adgilobrivi municipalitetis gamgeo­bidan miRebuli monacemebiT, pankisis xeobaSi cxovrobs aseve daax­loebiT 230 CeCeni erovnebis piri, romlebic 1990­iani wlebis bolos CeCneTidan Semovidnen saqarTveloSi. isini sargebloben ltolvilis statusiT da integrirebulni arian adgilobriv qistebTan.

rTuli socialur­ekonomikuri fonis miuxedavad, pankisis xeobaSi tradiciulad maRalia adgilobrivi axalgazrdobis swrafva ganaT­lebis miRebisaken. xeobaSi arsebul yvela skolaSi swavleba saxelm­wifo enaze mimdinareobs. didia umaRles saswavlo dawesebulebebSi swavlis gagrZelebis msurvelTa raodenoba. amJamad saqarTvelos sx­vadasxva umaRles saswavlebelSi pankisis xeobidan 80­mde studenti swavlobs. 2015 wels pankisis xeobis qisturi soflebisaTvis ganaT­lebis da mecnierebis saministros xelSewyobiT damatebiT gamoiyo 14 adgiliani kvota umaRlesi ganaTlebis miRebis msurvelTa mosazidad.

amasTanave, seriozul problemas warmoadgens kvalifikaciis mixedviT swavla dasrulebuli axalgazrdebis adgilze dasaqmeba. unda aRiniSnos, rom umuSevrobis gamo bolo 10­15 wlis ganmavloba­Si maRalia pankisidan mosaxleobis gadinebis done. qistebi, ZiriT­adad axalgazrdebi, samuSaod miemgzavrebian ruseTis federaciaSi

1 ix. mosaxleobis 2014 wlis sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebi, bmuli: http://census.ge/ge/results/census

sakuTar saxelmwifoSi profesiuli ganviTarebis SesaZleblobis uqonloba, uxarisxo ganaTleba, socialuri mobilobis ararseboba, agreTve saqarTvelos sxva regionebisagan izolirebuli da karCaketili yofa gaxda ZiriTadi mizezebi imisa, rom xeobis mosaxleobis axalgazrduli nawili TviTgamoxatvasa da TviTrealizebas swored salafituri islamis saSualebiT Seecada.

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(umTavresad CeCneTis respublikaSi) da TurqeTSi. evropis qveynebSi Sromi­Ti migrantebis raodenoba SedarebiT mcirea. pankisSi kvlevis dros gamok­iTxul respondentTa informaciiT, mx­olod CeCneTis respublikaSi 1200­mde pankisis xeobis mkvidri cxovrobs, ro­

melTa umravlesobas miRebuli aqvs ruseTis moqalaqeoba da integri­rebulia adgilobriv CeCnur sazogadoebaSi, Tumca inarCunebs naTe­saur da kulturul kavSirebs saqarTvelosTan.

interviuebis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebis Tanaxmad, amJamad 35 wlamde axalgazrdebis daaxloebiT 60­70% aRiarebs islamis salafi­tur mimdinareobas, xolo danarCeni mosaxleoba, ZiriTadad Temis asa­kovani warmomadgenlebi, tradiciuli islamis mimdevrebi arian. pank­isis xeobis soflebSi amJamad funqcionirebs tradiciuli islamis mimdevarTa 5 da salafituri jamaaTis daqvemdebarebaSi arsebuli 7 meCeTi da samlocvelo saxli. tradiciuli meCeTebi sruliad saqarT­velos muslimTa sammarTvelos1 daqvemdebarebaSia, Tumca oficial­uri registracia mxolod sofel duisis meCeTs gaaCnia. sammarTvelo zrunavs meCeTebisa da samlocvelo saxlebis funqcionirebaze da iq momsaxure sasuliero pirebze dawesebuli aqvT yovelTviuri xelfa­si. xazgasasmelia is faqtic, rom salafituri jamaaTi ar cnobs xsen­ebuli sammarTvelos uflebamosilebas da RvTismsaxurebas sakuTari SinaganawesiT aregulirebs.

pankisis xeobis mosaxleobis integraciis procesis xelisSemSlel faqtorad gamokiTxul pirTa umravlesoba asaxelebs regionSi mouwes­rigebel infrastruqturas, xelisu­flebis mxridan winasaarCevno da­pirebebis Seusruleblobas, agreTve adgilobrivi xelisuflebis war­momadgenlebis da maJoritari dep­utatis pasiurobas. xSirad adgili aqvs xeobaSi arsebuli problemebis pirdapir ignorirebas. adgilobriv muslim sazogadoebaSi SeiniSneba garkveuli imedgacruebac; maTi az­

1 organizacia daarsda 2011w. masSi gaerTianebulebi arian rogorc Siiti, ise suniti muslimebi. misi saqmianoba miznad isaxavs qveynis muslimuri Temis inter­esebisa da misi istoriuli memkvidreobis dacvas.

adgilobriv muslim sazogadoebaSi SeiniSneba garkveuli imedgacruebac; maTi azriT, saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi mosul arcerT Zalas ar aqvs politikuri neba, Secvalos midgomebi pankisis xeobis mimarT.

umuSevrobis gamo bolo 10-15 wlis ganmavlobaSi maRalia pankisidan mosaxleobis gadinebis done.

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riT, saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi mosul arcerT Zalas ar aqvs poli­tikuri neba, Secvalos midgomebi pankisis xeobis mimarT.

centraluri xelisuflebisa da misi saxeliT moqmedi institutebis saqmianoba pankisis xeobaSi araerTgvarovania. mTavrobas ar gaaCnia xeobasTan mimarTebiT gaazrebuli grZelvadiani xedva. arsebobs ac­dena adgilze moqmedi saxelmwifo uwyebebis saqmianobasa da zogadad gacxadebul politikas Soris. magaliTad, pankisis xeobaSi gamokiTx­uli respondentebi acxadeben, rom arakoreqtul da Rirsebis Sem­laxav damokidebulebas aqvs adgili Sesabamisi regionuli policiis da specsamsaxurebis warmomadgenelTa mxridan, rac SeiZleba aixsnas sazogadoebaSi warsulSi Camoyalibebuli qisti mosaxleobisadmi ste­reotipebiTa da profesionalizmis naklebobiT.

agreTve, qisti mosaxleobis seriozul ukmayofilebas iwvevs is faqti, rom saqarTvelos sazRvris gadakveTis dros isini ganicdian diskriminacias specsamsaxurebis mxridan, rac gamoixateba sazRvarze dausabuTebeli SeyovnebiT, dakiTxvebiT da moraluri SeuracxyofiT. kvlevis dros gamoikveTa tendencia, rom aseTma faqtebma sistemu­ri xasiaTi miiRo axlo aRmosavleTis regionSi e. w. islamuri saxel­mwifos gaaqtiurebis Semdeg. Zalovani struqturebis mxridan aseTi reagireba SeiZleba aixsnas imiT, rom siriis da erayis teritoriaze ganviTarebul saomar moqmedebebSi CarTulni aRmoCndnen eTnikurad qisti saqarTvelos mo­qalaqeebi. sxvadasxva dauzustebeli monace­miT, am konfliqtSi pank­isis xeobis daaxloebiT 50 mkvidri iRebs monaw­ileobas, Tumca aRsan­iSnavia isic, rom maTi garkveuli nawili axlo aRmosavleTSi ara uSu­alod saqarTvelodan, aramed TurqeTidan da evropis qveynebidan moxvda, sadac isini bolo wlebSi emigrantis sta­tusiT cxovrobdnen.

viTarebas garkveulwilad arTulebs sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso aqtoris mier pankisis xeobis mimarT gakeTebuli politikuri gancxa­debebi. gansakuTrebiT TvalsaCinoa ruseTis federaciis saxelmwifo

sxvadasxva dauzustebeli monacemiT, am konfliqtSi pankisis xeobis daaxloebiT 50 mkvidri iRebs monawileobas, Tumca aRsaniSnavia isic, rom maTi garkveuli nawili axlo aRmosavleTSi ara uSualod saqarTvelodan, aramed TurqeTidan da evropis qveynebidan moxvda, sadac isini bolo wlebSi emigrantis statusiT cxovrobdnen.

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uwyebebis pirveli pirebis Sefasebebi. magaliTad, ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrma, sergei lavrovma, ganacxada, rom islamuri saxelm­wifos mebrZolebi pankisis xeobas sawvrTnel bazad iyeneben.1 saqarT­velos xelisuflebis xeobasTan mimarTebiT araTanmimdevruli poli­tikis, qarTul sazogadoebaSi arsebuli stereotipuli azrovnebisa da saerTaSoriso doneze gakeTebuli kritikuli Sefasebebis Sedegad xdeba pankisis xeobis irgvliv arajansaRi garemos Seqmna, rac, Tavis mxriv, xels uSlis iq mcxovreb adamianebs integraciul procesebSi srulfasovnad CarTvaSi.

integraciis procesis kidev erT Semaferxebel garemoebad gamoi­kveTa uSualod TemSi religiur niadagze arsebuli ganxeTqileba. ro­gorc ukve aRiniSna, 90­iani wlebis miwuruls pankisis xeobaSi fexi moi­kida islamis salafiturma mimdinareobam da dReisTvis misi jamaaTi

Temis axalgazrdebis Zir­iTad nawils moicavs. re­gionSi salafizmis swrafi gavrceleba ganpirobebu­li iyo ara mxolod Sida da gare sistemuri faqtorebiT, aramed xeo­

baSi tradiciuli islamis sisustiTac. kerZod, im droidan dRemdet­radiciuli islamis warmomadgenel RvTismsaxur pirTa ganaTlebis da kompetenciis done dabalia; xSirad meCeTebis imamebad safuZvliani sasuliero ganaTlebisarmqone pirebi iniSnebian. tradiciuli islamis warmomadgenlebi ver uweven konkurencias salafituri jamaaTis lid­erebs, romlebsac fundamenturi Teologiuri ganaTleba aqvT miRe­buli arabul qveynebSi. sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelo jerjerobiT ver uzrunvelyofs am problemis mogvarebas saqarTve­loSi Sesabamisi sasuliero saganmanaTleblo bazis ararsebobis gamo.

agreTve, moxda iseTi tradiciuli institutis Sesusteba, rogori­caa uxucesTa sabWo. avtoritetis dakargvis erT­erTi mizezi Tavad sabWoSi arsebuli ganxeTqileba da mis or nawilad gayofaa. uxuces­Ta sabWo Tavisi arsebobis ganmavlobaSi pankisis xeobaSi asrulebda garkveulad sakanonmdeblo da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis funqcias. SariaTsa da CeCnur tradiciul adaTebze dayrdnobiT imuSavebda qcev­

1 ix. sergei lavrovi – `islamuri saxelmwifos~ mebrZolebi pankisis xeobas wvrTnebisTvis iyeneben, interpresniusi, bmuli: http://www.interpressnews.ge/ge/poli-tika/363457-sergei-lavrovi-qislamuri-sakhelmtsifosq-mebrdzolebi-pankisis-kheobas-tsvrthnebisth-vis-iyeneben.html?ar=A

regionSi salafizmis swrafi gavrceleba ganpirobebuli iyo ara mxolod Sida da gare sistemuri faqtorebiT, aramed xeobaSi tradiciuli islamis sisustiTac.

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is zogad wesebs da aregulirebda samoqalaqo xasiaTis davebs, aseve gamodioda mediatoris rolSi konfliqtur mxareebs Soris. saxel­mwifo uwyebebisa da salafituri jamaaTis gaZlierebis fonze, uxu­cesTa sabWo kargavs Tavis funqcias da droTa ganmavlobaSi SeiZleba saerTod Sewyvitos arseboba. kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom tradi­ciuli islamis warmo­madgenlebi ewinaaRm­degebian salafituri jamaaTis xeobaSi ga­Zlierebas, radgan miaCniaT, rom es arabizaciisken ga­dadgmuli nabiji iqneba da ZirZve­li qistur­CeCnuri tra diciebisa da Rirebulebebis CamoSlas gamoiwvevs. Tavis mxriv, salafitebis mtkicebiT, tradiciuli islami aris CrdiloeT kavka­siur adaTebze daSenebuli islami, romelsac araferi aqvs saerTo „sufTa“, „WeSmarit“ islamTan, romlis kanonebic mocemulia wminda wignSi. amasTanave, maTi mtkicebiT, ar SeiZleba islamis mqadageblebad mogvevlinon arabuli enis armcodne adamianebi, rogorc dRes xdeba tradiciuli islamis mimdevrebSi.

mdgomareobas gansakuTrebiT arTulebs is faqti, rom orive de­nominaciis warmomadgenlebi daxmarebas xelisuflebas sTxoven da xSirad xelisuflebebs sruliad gansxvavebuli midgomebi aqvT. ker­Zod, mixeil saakaSvilis mmarTvelobis periodSi mTavroba pankisis xeobaSi viTarebis gakontrolebas salafituri jamaaTis momxreebTan TanamSromlobiT cdilobda, rasac tradiciuli islamis kidev ufro dasusteba mohyva. dRevandeli xelisufleba ki aqcents piriqiT, tradiciul islamze akeTebs da faqtobrivad ugulebelyofs xeobaSi meore religiur mimdinareobas. magaliTad, CvenTvis cnobili gaxda, rom 2016 wlis ianvarSi, saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ministris, Tina xi­daSelis pankisis xeobaSi vizitisas, salafituri jamaaTis liderebma ver SeZles sakuTari saTqmelis ministramde mitana, radgan isini adgi­lobrivma samarTaldamcvelebma Sexvedraze ar SeuSves. Sedegad, Tina xidaSelis Sexvedra Sedga mxolod tradiciuli islamis warmomadgen­lebTan. Tumca mogvianebiT saministros TanamSromlebsa da jamaaTs Soris Sedga Sexvedra.

salafizmis mimarT stereotipuli damokidebuleba mniSvnelovan zegavlenas axdens am religiuri denominaciisadmi ara mxolod qarTu­

kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom tradiciuli islamis warmomadgenlebi ewinaaRmdegebian salafituri jamaaTis xeobaSi gaZlierebas, radgan miaCniaT, rom es arabizaciisken gadadgmuli nabiji iqneba da ZirZveli qistur-CeCnuri tradiciebisa da Rirebulebebis CamoSlas gamoiwvevs.

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li sazogadoebis, aramed xelisuflebisa da saxelmwifo institutebis damokidebulebazec, rac xels uSlis gaazrebuli saxelmwifo poli­tikis SemuSavebas TemTan mimarTebiT. Tumca aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi saqarTveloSi xelisuflebis mxridan ara­sodes momxdara salafituri islamis mimdevarTa devna, represiuli xasiaTis zomebis gamoyeneba. maT ar SezRudviaT aRmsareblobis Tavi­sufleba, meCeTebis da samlocvelo saxlebis mowyoba­mSenebloba. ja­maaTis struqturul­organizaciul saqmianobas aregulireben Tavad misi wevrebi.

xazgasasmelia pankisis salafituri jamaaTis pozicia, rodesac igi gaemijna islamur saxelmwifos. salafituri jamaaTis warmomadgenlis gancxadebiT, TemSi tardeba mizanmimarTuli muSaoba, raTa Tavidan iqnas acilebuli pankisis xeobaSi mcxovrebi saqarTvelos moqalaqee­bis gadineba islamuri saxelmwifos kontrolirebad teritoriaze. agreTve aRiniSna, rom pankisidan islamur saxelmwifoSi sabrZolve­lad wasvla warmoadgenda adgilobriv mcxovrebTa mcirericxovani jgufis an calkeul pirTa pirad arCevans da ar gamoxatavs salafitu­ri jamaaTis liderTa gacxadebul pozicias. salafizmi saqarTvelo­Si arasodes dapirispirebia saxelmwifos. is ar axdens distancirebas saxelmwifosagan. maTi mtkicebiT, jamaaTis warmomadgenlebi sazoga­doebrivad aqtiurni arian, saTanado ganaTlebis arsebobis SemTxveva­Si survili aqvT iyvnen dasaqmebulni xelisuflebis da mmarTvelobis organoebSi, cdiloben dakavdnen mcire da saSualo biznesiT.

qvemo qarTlis regioni

qvemo qarTlis regioni tradiciulad warmoadgens muslimi aR­msareblobis mosaxleobiT kompaqturad dasaxlebul areals.

maTi absoluturi umravlesoba eTnikuri azerbaijanelia. qvemo qar­Tlis garda eTnikuri azerbaijanelebi kompaqturad arian dasaxle­bulni kaxeTis regionis sagarejos, lagodexis da Telavis munici­palitetebSi. mosaxleobis bolo aRweris mixedviT mTlianad qveyanaSi 233 aTasi eTnikuri azerbaijaneli cxovrobs, xolo uSualod qvemo qarTlis regionSi maTi raodenoba 182.3 aTasia.1 unda aRiniSnos, rom qvemo qarTlis teritoriaze eTnikuri azerbaijanelebis winaprebis gansaxleba ZiriTadad ganxorcielda me­17 saukunis dasawyisSi da

1 ix. mosaxleobis 2014 wlis sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebi, bmuli: http://census.ge/ge/results/census

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maT qarTul saxelmwifoSi cxovrebis oTxsaukunovani gamocdileba gaaCniaT.

sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelodan miRebuli mo­nacemebis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi eTnikurad azerbaijane­li muslimebis daaxloebiT 93% islamis Siituri mimarTulebis warmo­madgenelia, xolo 7% – sunituris. Tumca es sxvaoba maT yofiT doneze (naTesaoba, Sereuli qorwinebebi, mWidro socialuri da ekonomikuri kontaqtebi) ar aisaxeba da Siitebic da sunitebic erT integrirebul sociums warmoadgenen.

qvemo qarTlis re­gionSi socialuri da ekonomikuri xasiaTis pro blemebi TiTqmis ig­ivea, rac saqarTvelos danarCen regioneb­Si. gaumarTavia sof­lebTan damakavSirebe­li infrastruqtura. soflad mcxovrebi mosaxleoba mowyvetilia kulturul­saganmanaT­leblo dawesebulebebs. am SemTxvevaSi viTarebas arTulebs saxelm­wifo enis arcodna an/da arasakmarisi codna, rac arsebiT barierebs qmnis adgilobrivi muslimi mosaxleobis politikuri da kulturuli integraciis kuTxiT. am mxriv yvelaze meti problemaa Tbilisidan, aseve raionuli centrebidan daSorebul soflebSi, sadac tradici­ulad Camoyalibebuli karCaketili cxovrebis wesi da sxva regionis mcxovreblebTan socialuri da ekonomikuri kontaqtebis ararseboba seriozulad uSlis xels integraciis process.

saqarTveloSi azerbaijanuli Temis integraciis procesi metwi­lad enobrivi barieris gadalaxviskenaa mimarTuli, rac, erTi mxriv, maTi samoqalaqo CarTulobis gazrdas isaxavs miznad da meore mxriv, qarTul sainformacio sivrceSi CarTvis saSualebas iZleva.

bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi azerbaijanuli Temis integraciis kuTxiT mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula e. w. „1+4“1 sistemiT umaRlesi ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZleblobam, riTac azerbaijanuli (da somxu­ri) skolebis kursdamTavrebulebi sargebloben. aRniSnuli programa 2010 wlidan xorcieldeba. is SesaZleblobas aZlevs momaval students

1 aRniSnuli saxelmwifo programa uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelos axalgazrda moqalaqeebisTvis, azerbaijanuli da somxuri Temebidan, qarTuli enis Seswavlas da Semdgom adgilobriv saxelmwifo umaRles saswavleblebSi Caricxvas.

qvemo qarTlis regionSi socialuri da ekonomikuri xasiaTis problemebi TiTqmis igivea, rac saqarTvelos danarCen regionebSi. gaumarTavia soflebTan damakavSirebeli infrastruqtura. soflad mcxovrebi mosaxleoba mowyvetilia kulturul-saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebs.

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gaiaros qarTuli enis Semswavleli intensiuri erTwliani kursi, rom­lis Semdegac is SedarebiT advilad agrZelebs swavlas universitetSi sasurveli specialobiT. Tumca studentTa nawili saubrobs imazec, rom erT weliwadSi enis saWiro doneze Seswavla mainc ver xerxdeba. Sesabamis uwyebebs albaT marTebs am mimarTulebiT fiqri.

adgilobrivi resurscentris da sajaro skolebis direqtorebi­sagan miRebuli monacemebis mixedviT, bolo 5­6 wlis ganmavlobaSi TiTqmis yovelwliurad mcirdeba qvemo qarTlis regionidan axal­gazrdebis gadineba azerbaijanis umaRles saswavleblebSi swavlis gasagrZeleblad. aseve aqtualobas kargavs qvemo qarTlis regionSi

moqmedi azerbaijanuli uma­Rlesi saswavleblebis fil­ialebic.

ikveTeba tendencia, rom TbilisSi ganaTlebamiRebu­li axalgazrdoba cdilobs

regionSi dabrunebas da adgilze dasaqmebas, qvemo qarTlis region­Si mmarTvelobis adgilobriv organoebSi, saganmanaTleblo dawe­sebulebebSi, aseve iq momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi. mar­neulSi ZiriTadad iseTi pirebi arian dasaqmebulni, romelTac ar uWirT urTierToba saxelmwifo enaze da imavdroulad inarCuneben profesiul da socialur kontaqtebs TbilisTan da saqarTvelos sxva regionebTan.

arsebuli tendenciis gaTvaliswinebiT mzardia eTnikurad azer­baijaneli moqalaqeebis raodenoba, romlebic gamoTqvamen survils, rom maTi Svilebi saSualo ganaTlebas iRebdnen qarTul skolebSi. marneulis saganmanaTleblo resurscentridan miRebuli monacemebis Tanaxmad, marneulis qarTuli sajaro skolis kontigentis 70% azer­baijanelia. yovelwliurad msurveli ufrodaufro metia, rac dRis wesrigSi ayenebs sakiTxs, gaixsnas qarTulenovani seqtorebi sxva azerbaijanul skolebSic. Tumca am SemTxvevaSi problemas warmoad­gens is, rom eTnikurad azerbaijaneli bavSvebi qarTul skolaSi swav­las iwyeben ise, rom saerTod ar floben saxelmwifo enas. dawyebiT klasebSi ixarjeba bevri dro da resursi qarTuli enis swavlebaze da ara uSualod saswavlo programebis aTvisebaze. es dabla swevs miRe­buli ganaTlebis xarisxs skolis qarTulenovani kontigentisTvisac da saswavlo procesi saboloo jamSi naklebad efeqtiania. Tumca mos­wavleebisa da maswavleblebis religiuri gansxvavebulobis gaTval­

ikveTeba tendencia, rom TbilisSi ganaTlebamiRebuli axalgazrdoba cdilobs regionSi dabrunebas da adgilze dasaqmebas.

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iswinebiT, aseTi skolebi kargi sivrcea tolerantuli damokidebule­bebis SeTvisebisTvis.

aRniSnuli metyvelebs skolamdeli saganmanaTleblo sistemis gamarTvis saWiroebaze qvemo qarTlis regionSi. gadauWrel proble­mad rCeba soflebSi saxelmwifo enis mcodne maswavleblebis Cayvana rogorc baRebSi, aseve skolebSi. agreTve, respondentebi amaxvile­bdnen yuradRebas azerbaijanulenovan skolebSi qarTuli enis swav­lebis meTodikis daxvewis saWiroebazec. azerbaijanulenovani skole­bi zogadad ganicdian axalgazrda kadrebis naklebobas. magaliTad, azerbaijanuli enis maswavleblebis momzadeba saqarTveloSi ar xde­ba, Sesabamisad, ver xe­rxdeba skolebSi maswav­lebelTa ukve arsebuli kontigentis ganaxleba. saerTo jamSi, qvemo qarT­lis regionSi ganaTlebis zogadi done saWiroebs gaumjobesebas.

aRsaniSnavia, rom qarTulenovani ganaTlebis momxreebi upirvele­sad arian is eTnikurad azerbaijaneli pirebi, romlebic ukve dasaqme­bulebi arian xelisuflebis da mmarTvelobis organoebSi. Sesabamisad, yvelaze ukeT xedaven saxelmwifo enis codnis aucileblobas saqa­rTveloSi TviTrealizaciisa da karieruli winsvlis TvalsazrisiT. amitom uaRresad mniSvnelovania ufro meti axalgazrdis mozidva saxelmwifo samsaxurSi, rac daaCqarebs maTi samoqalaqo integraciis process.

unda aRiniSnos, rom ufrosi Taobis warmomadgenlebSi qarTuli enis codnis done ukiduresad dabalia, rac imiT aixsneba, rom sabWo­Ta kavSiris arsebobis periodSi saqarTveloSi erovnebaTaSoris urT­ierTobis enas rusuli warmoadgenda da mosaxleobis es nawili ver xe­davda qarTuli enis codnis aucileblobas.

regionSi warmatebiT muSaobs qarTuli enis saxli, sadac qarTuli enis dauflebis SesaZlebloba eZleva nebismier adamians asakisa da profesiuli saqmianobis miuxedavad. ssip „zurab Jvanias saxelobis saxelmwifo administrirebis skolis marneulis regionul saswavlo centrs“ aqvs qarTuli enis Semswavleli ori programa, asakobrivi Sez­Rudvis gareSe. erTi programa gaTvlilia mxolod sajaro moxeleebze, xolo meore – qvemo qarTlis soflebisTvisaa gankuTvnili, romelic iTvaliswinebs maswavleblebis soflebSi Cayvanas da iq adgilze qar­

aRsaniSnavia, rom qarTulenovani ganaTlebis momxreebi upirvelesad arian is eTnikurad azerbaijaneli pirebi, romlebic ukve dasaqmebulebi arian xelisuflebis da mmarTvelobis organoebSi.

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Tuli enis swavlebas. am ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi beneficiarebis ricx­vi 120 msmenelia. Tumca cxadia, rom amJamad eTnikuri azerbaijaneli mosaxleobis ufros TaobaSi qarTuli enis Seswavlis TvalsazrisiT viTarebis mkveTri gaumjobeseba realurad Znelad misaRwevia.

Sesabamisad, ZiriTadi aqcenti axalgazrdebSi qarTuli enis cod­nis amaRlebazea mimarTuli. kvlevis dros marneulis municipalite­tis gamgeobidan miRebuli monacemebis Tanaxmad, 2015 wels gamgeobam 40 aTas larze meti daxarja adgilobrivi muslimebiT dasaxlebuli soflebis skolebis moswavleebis eqskursiebisTvis saqarTvelos sx­vadasxva regionSi, agreTve, am bavSvebis kulturul­saganmanaTleblo proeqtebSi CasarTavad, romlis drosac maT aqtiuri komunikaciis SesaZlebloba aqvT qveynis sxva regionebSi mcxovreb TanatolebTan.

municipalitetis xelmZR­vaneloba am kuTxiT saqmi­anobas mniSvnelovnad miiCnevs im faqtis gaTvalis­winebiT, rom gansakuTrebiT soflad mozard Taobas ar aqvs garemo, sadac qarTul enaze urTierTobis mudmivi saSualeba eqneboda.

saqarTveloSi eTnikuri azerbaijanelebis in te graciis kidev erTi Se maferxebeli faqtoria is ic, rom zogadad religiuri akrZalvis gamo ar xdeba Sereuli qor­winebebi da naTesauri kavSirebis damyareba qarTvel mosaxleobasTan. aseve, islami da eTnikur azerbaijanelTa tradiciuli cxovrebis wesi, gansakuTrebiT soflad, zRudavs qalis socialur aqtivobas, rac agreTve uSlis xels integraciis process. am kuTxiT problemas isic warmoadgens, rom saqarTveloSi mcxovreb eTnikur azerbaijanelTa Soris arasrulwlovani gogonebis naadrevi qorwinebis gavrcelebu­li tradicia, xSirad mSoblebis mxridan iZulebis xasiaTs atarebs.daojaxebulebs ki xSir SemTxvevebSi nebas ar rTavs ojaxi, gaagrZelos muSaoba da Sesabamisad, axalgazr­da qalebis socializaciis done re­gionSi dabalia.

aRsaniSnavia, rom eTnikurad azerbaijaneli muslimi mosaxleo­ba qvemo qarTlis regionSive mcx­

saqarTveloSi eTnikuri azerbaijanelebis integraciis kidev erTi Semaferxebeli faqtoria isic, rom zogadad religiuri akrZalvis gamo ar xdeba Sereuli qorwinebebi da naTesauri kavSirebis damyareba qarTvel mosaxleobasTan.

xSirad adgilobrivi qristiani da muslimi mosaxleoba erToblivad aRniSnavs orive religiur dResaswaulebs.

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ovreb qarTvelebTan yofiT doneze srulad integrirebulia mudmivi mWidro socialuri da ekonomikuri kontaqtebidan gamomdinare. xSir­ad adgilobrivi qristiani da muslimi mosaxleoba erToblivad aRniS­navs orive religiur dResaswaulebs. amasTan, unda aRiniSnos am kuTx­iT adgilobrivi municipalitetebis dadebiTi rolic, radgan arc Tu iSviaTad swored xelisuflebis adgilobrivi organoebi arian amgvari erToblivi dResaswaulebis organizebis iniciatorebi. isini social­uri miuReblobasa da gaucxoebas ufro metad amCneven Tbilissa da saqarTvelos sxva regionebSi mcxovreb qarTvelebTan urTierTo­bisas, rac saxelisufleblo struqturebis da samoqalaqo seqtoris gansakuTrebul yuradRebas saWiroebs.

aseve, xazi unda gaesvas im faqts, rom qvemo qarTlis muslimi mosax­leoba tradiciulad dabali politikuri aqtivobiT da moqmedi xeli­suflebisadmi loialobiT gamoirCeva. samagierod, yovelTvis maRali iyo maTi ekonomikuri saqmianobis potenciali. momavalSi am regionis ekonomikuri ganviTareba erT­erTi xelSemwyobi faqtori unda gaxdes saqarTveloSi adgilobrivi muslimi mosaxleobis srulfasovani in­tegraciisaTvis.

kvlevis ganmavlobaSi respondentebis umravlesobam social­ur­ekonomikur sakiTxebs meti upiratesoba mianiWa, vidre religi­is Tematikas. Sesabamisad, Seiqmna STabeWdileba, rom religiis roli TemSi aris naklebad mniSvnelovani. Tumca Cvenive proeqtis fargleb­Si ganxorcielebuli dakvirvebisa da aaip `kulturul urTierToba­Ta centris – kavkasiuri saxlis“ 2014 wels Catarebuli sxva kvlevis Sedegebi1 gvaZlevs safuZvels vivaraudoT, rom religia sakmaod mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs adgilobrivi axalgazrdebis cxovrebaSi da warmoadgens mzard faqtors regionSi. magaliTad, marneulSi arse­bobs islamuri „Siituri“ religiuri skolebi, sadac iswavleba yura­ni, SariaTi, religiis istoria da sxva. erT­erTi religiuri skolis „ahli beiTis“ direqtoris gancxadebiT, 2014 wlis monacemebiT, sko­laSi kursebs eswreba marneulidan 200 moswavle, xolo mTlianad qve­mo qarTlis regionidan 600 moswavle; agreTve, aRiniSna, rom religia gansakuTrebuli popularobiT sargeblobs axalgazrdebSi.

aseTi kontrasti SedegebSi, savaraudod, ganpirobebulia imiT, rom pankisis xeobisgan gansxvavebiT azerbaijanuli Temi metad kon­solidirebuli da daxurulia, ris gamoc sakmaod rTulia obieqturi

1 ix., dvali, a., badasiani, e., 2014w., qvemo qarTlsa da samcxe­javaxeTSi arsebu­li problemebi da adgilobrivi mosaxleobis sagareo politikuri preferencie­bi, aaip „kulturul urTierTobaTa centri – kavkasiuri saxli“, gv. 9

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informaciis moZieba da analizi. Temis Caketiloba xels uSlis qve­mo qarTlidan islamur saxelmwifoSi sabrZolvelad wasuli adami­anebis raodenobis zust dasaxelebasac. Tumca am sakiTxebze momuSave eqspertebi adastureben msgavsi faqtebis arsebobas regionSi.

saqarTvelos mier saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis mopove­bis Semdeg iranisa da TurqeTis religiuri wreebi mudmivad cdilo­ben konfesiurad sakuTari gavlenis qveS moaqcion qvemo qarTlis re­gionSi mcxovrebi Siiti da suniti aRmsareblobis morwmuneebi. rac Seexeba azerbaijans, misi mxridan am regionis mosaxleobaze gavlenis mopovebis mcdeloba ufro metad eTnokulturuli identobis xazgas­mazea damyarebuli. am sami saxelmwifos religiuri da kulturuli aqtivoba gamoixateba meCeTebis mSeneblobaSi daxmarebiT, islamuri sasuliero saswavleblebis dafinansebiT, religiuri literaturis gavrcelebiT, sxvadasxva kulturuli da saganmanaTleblo proeqtis dafinansebiT. unda aRiniSnos, rom zogadad qveynis garedan islamu­ri Temis finansur daxmarebaze oficialuri informaciis an Tundac raime formiT dadasturebuli monacemebis miReba kvlevis Sedegad ver moxerxda, radgan rogorc sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sam­marTvelo, aseve regionebSi calkeul meCeTebSi momsaxure sasuliero pirebi, ZiriTadad, Tavs ikaveben am Temaze saubrisagan. erTaderTi faqti, rac amgvar daxmarebaze miuTiTebs, esaa islamuri sasuliero xasiaTis literatura, romelic ZiriTadad TurqeTSi ibeWdeba da muslimTa sammarTvelos meSveobiT miewodeba calkeul meCeTebsa da mrevls. gancalkevebulad unda aRiniSnos iseTi kompaniis saqmianoba, rogoricaa `sokar enerji jorjia“,1 romlis saqarTveloSi warmomad­genlobasTan Sexvedra, kvlevis farglebSi, ver Sedga.

aWaris avtonomiuri respublika

aWaris avtonomiuri respublika saqarTvelos is regi onia, sad­ac muslimi Temi qveynis ZiriTad eTnoss – qarTvelebs warmoad­

gens. aWaraSi mcxovrebi muslimebis absoluturi umravle soba suni­turi mimdinareobis aRmsarebelia. islamis gavrceleba sa qarTvelos am regionSi me­17 saukunidan iwyeba da pirdapir ukavSirdeba osmale­Tis imperiis politikur eqspansias.

2014 wlis noemberSi Catarebuli mosaxleobis sayovelTao aRwe­ris mixedviT, aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis 334 000 mosaxleo­bidan islami sakuTar religiad 132 852 pirma miuTiTa, rac am regionis

1 ix. sokari, kompaniis Sesaxeb, bmuli: http://www.socar.ge/page.php?lang=ge&page=00

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mcxovrebTa saerTo raodenobis 39.6%­s Seadgens.1

ukanasknel wlebSi aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis ekonomikur ganviTarebaSi, saqarTvelos sxva regionebTan SedarebiT, SeiniSne­ba sakmaod swrafi pozitiuri cvlilebebi. ris Sedegadac regionSi socialur­ekonomikuri xasiaTis problemebi naklebad mwvaved dgas. Tumca, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom sxvadasxva sferoSi ucxouri inve­sticiebis mniSvnelovani nawili azerbaijanidan da TurqeTidan2 Se­modis, SesaZlebelia esec iyos erT­erTi faqtori, ris gamoc am re­gionSi religiur niadagze uTanxmoebebi kidev ufro TvalsaCino xdeba.

kvlevis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom muslimi TemisTvis integraciis sakiTxi mravalSriania. adgilobriv sazogadoebaSi arsebuli ganwyo­bebi metwilad aisaxeba mus­limi Temis politikur cx­ovrebaSi monawileobaze da mis wamyvan religiur denom­inaciasTan ur TierTobaze. gavrcelebulia stereotipi, rom qarTveli aucileblad marTlmadidebeli qristiani unda iyos. Sesabamisad, adgi­lobriv muslimebs TavianTi srulfasovani moqalaqeo­brivi identobis dasamtkiceblad, xSirad sakuTari qarTuli warmo­Sobis xazgasma uwevT.

zemoTxsenebuli stigme bi zegavlenas axdens muslimi mosaxleobis regionul politikur cxovrebaSi CarTulobasa da maTdami saxelm­wifo institutebis warmomadgenlebis damokidebulebaze. muslimi sasuliero pirebi, adgilze momuSave masmediis warmomadgenlebi, sau­broben imaze, rom aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis saxelisufleblo struqturebSi muslimi mosaxleoba araproporciulad mciredaa war­modgenili da gansakuTrebiT maRal Tanamdebobebze bevria Tbilisi­dan daniSnuli kadri.

amasTan, aWaraSi muslimi Temis calkeuli liderebi saubroben Zalovani struqturebis (Sinagan saqmeTa saministroSi Semavali er­

1 ix. mosaxleobis 2014 wlis sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebi, bmuli: http://census.ge/ge/results/census

2 ix. aWaraSi SarSan pirdapiri ucxouri investicia 28.4%­iT gaizarda, ele­qtronuli gamocema – commersant.ge, 17 agvisto, 2016. bmuli: http://commersant.ge/new/index.php?m=5&news_id=40538&cat_id=8

gavrcelebulia stereotipi, rom qarTveli aucileblad marTlmadidebeli qristiani unda iyos. Sesabamisad, adgilobriv muslimebs TavianTi srulfasovani moqalaqeobrivi identobis dasamtkiceblad, xSirad sakuTari qarTuli warmoSobis xazgasma uwevT.

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Teulebis) warmomadgenelTa mxridan adgilobrivi muslimebis mimarT adamianis uflebaTa darRvevis, fsiqologiuri zewolis da arakore­qtuli damokidebulebis gaxSirebul faqtebze.

situacias amZafrebs saqarTvelodan muslimi mosaxleobis warmo­madgenlebis siriisa da erayis mimarTulebiT gamgzavrebis SemTxve­vebi. kvlevis dros sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelodan, agreTve adgilobrivi masmediis warmomadgenelTagan miRebuli info­rmaciiT dasturdeba, rom islamis salafituri mimdinareobis aRm­sarebelTa ricxvi aWaraSi 70 kacs aRwevs. pankisis xeobisagan gansxva­vebiT, maT ver moaxerxes adgilze erTiani organizaciuli struqturis formireba, radgan qalaq baTumsa da aWaris 5 municipalitetSi ga­fantulad cxovroben. samagierod ikveTeba imis niSnebi, rom panki­

sis xeobisgan gansxvavebiT, maTi radikalizaciis done maRalia da sakuTari poziciis gamoxatvisas arc Tu iSviaTad eqstremizmis niSnebsac avlenen. adgilobriv salafitebSi ZiriTadad Warboben dabali ganaTlebis mqone pire­bi an pirebi, romlebmac adgilze profesiuli kuTxiT TviTreali­zeba ver SeZles. Sesabamisad, pank­

isis xeobis salafituri jamaaTisgan gansxvavebiT, aWaris regionSi salafitebi sazogadoebrivi azris formirebas ver axdenen da maTi gavlena adgilobriv sociumze minimaluria an TiTqmis ar arsebobs.

Znelia imis dadgena, Tu ramdeni piri SeuerTda siriis da erayis teritoriaze mimdinare saomar moqmedebebs aWaridan. amis garkvevas arTulebs isic, rom aWaris regionidan TurqeTSi mudmiv Tu sezonur samuSaoebze sakmaod bevri adamiani gadaadgildeba, xolo uSualod TurqeTis teritoriaze maTi yofnis da saqmianobis realuri miznebis Sesaxeb informaciis miReba uaRresad rTulia.

rogorc ukve aRiniSna, aWaris regionSi muslimi Temis integraciis sakiTxi mravalSriania. erT­erTi mniSvnelovani Temaa marTlmadidebe­li eklesiisa da Temis zogierTi warmomadgenlis agresiuli ritori­ka da qmedeba. magaliTad, qalaq qobuleTSi sasuliero saswavleblis karze Roris Tavis miWedeba, kuTvnili uZravi qonebis dazianeba, sas­meli wylis miwodebaze usafuZvlo uari.

gansakuTrebiT agresiul formebs iRebs eklesiisa da marTlma­didebeli Temis warmomadgenlebis saqmianoba aWaris maRalmTian re­

pankisis xeobis salafituri jamaaTisgan gansxvavebiT,

aWaris regionSi salafitebi sazogadoebrivi azris

formirebas ver axdenen da maTi gavlena adgilobriv sociumze minimaluria an

TiTqmis ar arsebobs.

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gionebSi. magaliTad, iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesac sasuliero pirebi mi­zanmimarTulad asxamdnen nakurTx wyals muslimi mrevlis saxlebs da adgilobriv axalgazrdebs mouwodebdnen islamidan qristianobaze mo­qcevisken. maTi ganmartebiT, islami saqarTveloSi ZaldatanebiT iyo Semotanili da dRes muslim qarTvelebs aqvT SesaZlebloba daubrund­nen tradiciul aRmsareblobas. sazogadoebis zewolisa da eklesi­is gaZlierebis fonze is­lamidan qristianobaze konvertaciis SemTxvevebi gaxSirda. Sesabamisad, izr­deba SemTxvevebi, rodesac ojaxSi ufrosi Taobis war­momadgenlebi muslimebi arian, xolo axalgazrdebi metwilad marTlmadidebe­li qristianebi. Tavis mxriv, axlad moqceuli marTlmadideblebi xSi­rad gamoirCevian gansakuTrebuli SeuwynareblobiT maTi Zveli de­nominaciis warmomadgenlebisadmi.

saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis zogierTi warmomad­geneli aWaraSi ganxorcielebul agresiul prozelitizms amarTlebs imiT, rom maTi saqmianoba aris sapasuxo nabiji Turquli islamuri or­ganizaciebis mxridan aqtiur da ukontrolo religiur moRvaweobaze. maTi SefasebiT, aRniSnuli organizaciebis saqmianoba, saerTo jamSi, aWaris regionis mimarT TurqeTis saxelmwifos agresiuli politikis nawils warmoadgens.

aRsaniSnavia, rom eklesiis warmomadgenelTa nawilis gancxadebe­bi TurqeTTan mimarTebiT mTlad usafuZvlo araa. regionSi momuSave Jurnalistebi xazs usvamen im faqts, rom aWaraSi bolo wlebis ganmav­lobaSi gansakuTrebuli aqtiurobiT gamoirCeva Turquli islamuri organizacia „suleimajilari“1. organizacias TurqeTSi gaaCnia fil­ialebis da sasuliero saswavleblebis farTo qseli. maTi aqtivoba ga­moixateba imiT, rom aWaraSi arsebul meCeTebs exmarebian finansurad, amarageben sasuliero literaturiT, RvTismsaxurebisaTvis saWiro nivTebiT da inventariT, xelfasebs uxdian sasuliero pirebs da sas­wavleblis personals.

xazgasasmelia is, rom amgvari daxmareba ZiriTadad TurqeTis

1 islamuri sasuliero organizacia, romelic daregistrirebulia TurqeTSi arasamTavrobo organizaciis saxiT; aqtiurad saqmianobs saqarTvelos terito­riaze.

Tavis mxriv, axlad moqceuli

marTlmadideblebi xSirad

gamoirCevian gansakuTrebuli

SeuwynareblobiT maTi

Zveli denominaciis

warmomadgenlebisadmi.

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calkeul moqalaqeTa mxridan kerZo SemowirulobebiT gamoixateba, ris gamoc miCqmalulia am daxmarebis realuri motivebi. amasTan, fi­nansebis warmoSoba da misi moZraobis gakontroleba SeuZlebeli xde­ba. arsebobs sasuliero saswavleblebis Sereuli dafinansebis siste­ma, rodesac maswavleblebis xelfass sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa kavSiri ixdis, xolo danarCeni xarjebi ifareba Semowirulobebis sa­SualebiT.1

regionSi religiur denominaciebs Soris uTanxmoebas amZafrebs xelisuflebis yvela doneze araefeqturi an/da pasiuri politi­ka, razec amaxvilebs yuradRebas aWaraSi gamokiTxul respondentTa umravlesoba. magaliTad ki mohyavT q. baTumSi axali meCeTis mSen­eblobis sakiTxi. e. w. abdul­azizis meCeTis mSeneblobis Temam didi gavlena iqonia, rogorc mSeneblobis momxreTa, aseve mowinaaRmdeg­eTa konsolidaciis saqmeSi. calkeuli jgufebi, romlebic iSviaTad afiqsirebdnen sakuTar pozicias, mSeneblobis sakiTxma erTi ideis irgvliv gaaerTiana. adgilobrivebis ganmartebiT, aRniSnuli sakiTx­is aqtualizacia moxda winasaarCevno periodSi erT­erTi politikuri partiis warmomadgenlis mier. misi aqtiurobis Sedegad, faqtobrivad ararsebuli problema gamoyenebul iqna qristianobis dacvis sababad da amomrCevelTa religiuri grZnobebis manipulaciis safuZvelze politikuri miznebis miRwevis saSualebad. saerTo jamSi, axali meCe­Tis mSeneblobis sakiTxma warmoaCina saxelwifos araTanmimdevruli religiuri politika islamur TemTan mimarTebiT.

1 feriis gogonaTa muslimuri pansioni, moambe, 2016, saqarTvelos sazogadoe­brivi mauwyebeli, bmuli: http://1tv.ge/ge/videos/view/161563.html

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saxelmwifo politika da uwyebebis saqmianoba

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integracia kompleqsuri, mravalmxrivi da grZelvadiani pro­cesia. igi moicavs araerT CarTul dainteresebul jgufs. gan­

sakuTrebuli roli am procesSi ukavia saxelmwifos da mis insti­tutebs. damoukideblobis aRdgenis Semdeg saqarTvelos mTavrobebis am sakiTxisadmi damokidebuleba erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli iyo. qveynis pirveli prezidentis, zviad gamsaxurdias, ideologia radika­lizmiT gamoirCeoda da eyrdnoboda qveyanaSi yvelaze farTo reli­giur denominacias – marTlmadideblobas.1 eduard SevardnaZis dros es midgoma warsuls Cabarda, magram qveyanaSi arsebuli politikuri, ekonomikuri da socialuri siduxWirisa da totaluri korufciis fonze moxda sakiTxis gayinva. mixeil saakaSvilis swrafma reformeb­ma xeli Seuwyo muslimuri Temis integraciis sakiTxis wamowevas. dai­wyo ramdenime mniSvnelovani proeqti, romelic dRemde warmatebulad mimdinareobs. Tumca mixeil saakaSvilis xelisuflebis mmarTvelobiT ukmayofilebis zrdam es sakiTxi kvlav meorexarisxovani gaxada.

zemoTmoyvanili gansxvavebulobebis miuxedavad, TiToeul midgo­mas erTi saerTo Tviseba hqonda – sakiTxis politizireba. marTlma­didebeli eklesia kaTolikos­patriarqis ilia II­is xelmZRvanelobiT qveynis erT­erT yvelaze stabilur instituts warmoadgens.2 3 sazo­gadoebis misdami ndoba ufro maRalia, vidre romelime saxelmwifo uwyebisa Tu politikuri figuris mimarT. aqedan gamomdinare, saqarT­velos TiToeuli mTavroba mowyvladi iyo Riad Tu farulad eRiare­bina marTlmadidebeli Temis dominantoba da xeli Seewyo am statusis SenarCunebisTvis. amis fonze moxda sxva religiuri mimdinareobebis warmomadgenlebis qarTuli sazo­gadoebisgan gaTiSva. saxelmwifos ar gaaCnda mkafiod Camoyalibebu­li samoqalaqo Tanasworobisa da integraciis gegma, arc religiuri politika. xolo bolo wlebSi reli­giur niadagze gaxSirebulma mcire dapirispirebebma da adgilobriv da saerTaSoriso kvlevebSi asaxul­ma kritikam cxadyo, rom am sakiTxis gadaWra aucilebeli gaxda.

1 ix. saqarTvelos mosaxleobis 2002 wlis pirveli erovnuli sayovelTao aRw­eris Sedegebi. tomi I. cxrili 28, gv. 132

2 ix. NDI­s kvlevis politikuri nawili: ilia II­ 91%, alasania ­ 60%, RaribaSvi­li­ 54%, 2014, presa.ji, bmuli: http://presa.ge/new/?m=politics&AID=30840

3 ix. eklesiisadmi ndoba 17 maisidan 2 ivnisamde, 2013, netgazeTi, bmuli: http://netgazeti.ge/news/23241/

saxelmwifos ar gaaCnda mkafiod Camoyalibebuli samoqalaqo Tanasworobisa da integraciis gegma, arc religiuri politika.

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2015 wlis 17 agvistos yofili premier­ministris, irakli RaribaSvi­lis, mier damtkicebul iqna samoqalaqo Tanasworobisa da integraci­is saxelmwifo strategia da samoqmedo gegma 2015­2020ww. saxelmwifo strategiis mizania xeli Seuwyos qveyanaSi mcxovrebi TiToeuli eTniku­ri umciresobis kulturisa da TviTmyofadobis SenarCunebasa da qarTul sazogadoebaSi aqtiur CarTulobas. CarTuloba gulisxmobs: 1) samoqa­laqo da politikur cxovrebaSi Tanabar da srulfasovan monawileobas; 2) Tanabari socialuri da ekonomikuri pirobebisa da SesaZleblobebis Seqmnas; 3) xarisxiani ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomobasa da saxelmwifo enis codnis amaRlebas; 4) eTnikuri umciresobebis kulturis SenarCunebasa da tolerantuli garemos uzrunvelyofas. Tavis mxriv, samoqmedo geg­maSi, romelic moicavs 2015­2020ww., mocemulia dawvrilebiTi informa­cia am periodSi Casatarebeli aqtivobebis Sesaxeb.

2015 wels ZalaSi Sevida saqarTvelos saxelmwifos religiuri politikis ganviTarebis strategia. strategiis mizania Camoayalibos saqarTvelos saxelmwifos religiuri politika da Seqmnas saxelm­wifosa da gansxvavebul religiur denominaciebs Soris TanamSrom­lobisa da komunikaciis oficialuri formati. strategia eyrdnoba religiis sferos maregulirebel erovnul da saerTaSoriso kanon­mdeblobebs.

religiis sferos erovnul sakanonmdeblo bazaSi Sedis:1

1) saqarTvelos 1995 wlis konstitucia; 2) 2002 wlis konstituciuri SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos saxelmwi­

fosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris;

3) 1997 wlis saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi; 4) 2010 wlis saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi; 5) 2005 wlis saqarTvelos kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb; 6) 2004 wlis saqarTvelos kanoni umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb; 7) 1999 wlis saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi; 8) 2014 wlis saqarTvelos kanoni diskriminaciis yvela formis aR­

mofxvris Sesaxeb.adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso eqspertebi Tanxmdebian, rom

dReisTvis saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo baza srulad faravs religiis sferos TiToeul sakiTxs.

saxelmwifo erTi didi meqanizmia. misi TiToeuli instituti xels uwyobs Sida procesebis ganviTarebas. msgavsi viTarebaa umciresobe­

1 ix. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo religiuri politikis ganviTarebis strategia, gv. 5­6

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bis integraciis kuTxiTac. saqarTvelos yvela saministro, sakuTari kompetenciis sferodan gamomdinare, muSaobs muslimuri Temis qar­Tul sazogadoebaSi CarTulobis amaRlebaze. qvemoT moyvanilia am saxelmwifo uwyebebis mier bolo wlebSi ganxorcielebuli saqmianoba.

religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento

2014 wels religiuri politikis Camoyalibebis mizniT Seiqm­na religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento. misi mizania qvey­

nis religiuri politikis gansazRvra, interreligiuri platformis Camoyalibeba, religiis sferoSi sakiTxebis daregulireba. saagento aqtiurad TanamSromlobs yvela religiuri denominaciis warmomad­genelTan.1 saagento aerTianebs religiis sferos dargis eqspertebs da mis farglebSi Seqmnilia interreligiuri sabWo. igi warmoadgens sarekomendacio organos, romelic arsebuli viTare­bidan gamomdinare adgens rekomendaciaTa nusxas, ro­melTa gaTvaliswineba da danergva araa savaldebulo.

dReisTvis saagentos sa­q mianoba mimarTulia sax­elmwifo uwyebebSi momuSave personalis codnis amaRle­baze. kerZod, mimdinare­obs im oficialur pirebTan treningebis Catareba, romlebic religiuri Seuwynareblobis faqtebis aRweriT, analiziTa da gamovleniT arian dakavebulni. gansa­kuTrebuli muSaoba midis samarTaldamcavi organoebis warmomadgen­lebTan (Tavdacvisa da Sinagan saqmeTa saministroebTan).

saagentos ZiriTadi mizani 2014 wels iyo religiis sferos irgvliv sakiTxebis sistematizacia da saxelmwifo poziciis Camoyalibeba, re­ligiur denominaciebTan urTierTobebis dalageba da saxelmwifo poziciis gacnoba. Sedegad saagentom SeZlo iseTi interreligiuri platformis Seqmna, romelsac ara mxolod religiuri umciresobebi eswrebian, aramed qveynis dominanti denominaciac – marTlmadidebe­

1 garda sunituri mimdinareobis salafituri ganStoebis jamaaTisa, romelic moicavs pankisis xeobis axalgazrdobis mniSvnelovan nawils.

saagento aerTianebs religiis sferos dargis eqspertebs da mis farglebSi Seqmnilia interreligiuri sabWo. igi warmoadgens sarekomendacio organos, romelic arsebuli viTarebidan gamomdinare adgens rekomendaciaTa nusxas, romelTa gaTvaliswineba da danergva araa savaldebulo.

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li eklesia. amave wels saagentom gaiara religiur gaerTianebebTan konsultaciebi, ris safuZvelzec saqarTvelos islamur Tems reli­giuri gaerTianebebisTvis sabWoTa totalitaruli reJimis periodSi miyenebuli zianis nawilobriv da simboluri anazRaurebis fargleb­Si gamoeyo 1 100 000 lari. 2015 wels am Tanxam 2 200 000 lari Seadgi­na. agreTve, gaica rekomendacia sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sam­marTvelos mflobelobaSi 44 meCeTis gadacemis Sesaxeb. 2015 wels amave sammarTvelos mflobelobaSi gadavida ori Senoba q. baTumSi samufTo rezidenciisa da umaRlesi muslimuri saRvTismetyvelo sas wavleblis mosawyobad. amave wels gaica rekomendacia q. baTumSi moqmedi cent­raluri meCeTis restavracia­rekonstruqciisa da gafarToebis Ses­axeb.1 2 aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom religiuri umciresobebis uflebebis dacvis sferoSi momuSave eqspertebs/samoqalaqo sazogadoebis war­momadgenlebs saagentosadmi araerTgvarovani damokidebuleba aqvT.

saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparati

saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparati aqtiurad muSaobs religiis sakiTxze. Serigebisa da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis

sakiTxebSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministris aparatisa da religi­is sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos Camoyalibebamde sakiTxebis umrav­lesoba ganixileboda am institutis farglebSi arsebul religiis sabWos mier. dResac sabWo ganagrZobs aqtiur saqmianobas. arsebobs mosazreba, rom religiis sakiTxTa saagentoSi msgavsi formatis Seqm­niT moxda funqciebis dublireba, magram aq gasaTvaliswinebelia is, rom saxalxo damcvelis instituti gamijnulia saxelmwifo politikas da aqcents akeTebs adamianis uflebebis sakiTxebze; xolo saagentos daniSnulebaa religiis sakiTxTa gadawyveta saxelmwifo politikisa da interesebidan gamomdinare. amasTanave, saxalxo damcvelis aparat­Si arsebul religiaTa sabWos aqvs warmomadgenlobiTobis problema. sapatriarqos warmomadgenlis gancxadebiT, religiaTa sabWos rigeb­Si Sedian eklesiisadmi gansakuTrebulad kritikulad ganwyobili pirebi, romelTa gancxadebebis fonze am or instituts Soris TanamS­romloba moklebulia azrs.

saxalxo damcvelis aparati aqtiurad akvirdeba religiuri um­

1 ix. religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos angariSi 2014 wlis ivnisi­de­kemberi.

2 ix. religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos 2015 wlis angariSi.

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ciresobebis uflebebis dacvis sferoSi arsebul realobas da xSirad kritikulad afasebs saxelmwifo uwyebebis saqmianobas. magaliTad, 2014 wlis angariSSi aRniSnulia, rom „problemad darCa religiuri niSniT Zaladobisa da masze samarTaldamcvelebis mxridan araadekva­turi reagirebis sakiTxi. amasTan, gamoZieba ar dasrulebula 2012­2013 wlebSi saqarTvelos muslimi mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg ganxorciele­bul qmedebebTan dakavSirebul saqmeebze... kvlavac ga dauWrelia sabWoTa periodSi CamorTmeuli re ligiuri qonebis restituciis sakiTxi, sagadasaxado uTanasworoba, sajaro skolebSi religiuri niSniT diskriminaci­uli garemos arseboba, sajaro sivrcis xelmi­sawvdomoba da inkluz­iuroba da siZulvilis enis gamoyeneba.“1 2015 wlis 10 dekembris anga­riSSi xazgasmulia vi­Tarebis ucvleloba. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba skolaSi ar­sebul viTarebas: „kvlavac problemaa saskolo sivrceSi religiuri diskriminaciisa da zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanonis moTxovnaTa im­plementacia. kerZod, ramdenime SemTxvevaSi ganmcxadeblebi uTiTeben religiuri organizaciebis sawinaaRmdego aqciebze skolis moswavle­Ta organizebuli monawileobis faqtebsa da maTi Seswavlisas saqarT­velos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros arasakmarisi reagire­bis Sesaxeb.“2

saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro

saxelmwifo institutebis umravlesoba aqtiurad muSaobs eT­nikuri da religiuri umciresobebis integraciaze. Tumca aris

institutebi, romlebsac gansakuTrebuli roli akisriaT. aseT er­Teuls warmoadgens saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saminis­tro.

1 ix. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi adamianis ufle­baTa da TavisuflebaTa dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb 2014w., gv. 426

2 ix. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis 2015 wlis 10 dekembris angariSi saqarT­veloSi adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, gv. 13

`kvlavac gadauWrelia sabWoTa periodSi CamorTmeuli religiuri qonebis restituciis sakiTxi, sagadasaxado uTanasworoba, sajaro skolebSi religiuri niSniT diskriminaciuli garemos arseboba, sajaro sivrcis xelmisawvdomoba da inkluziuroba da siZulvilis enis gamoyeneba.~

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dReisTvis saministro aqtiurad muSaobs arasamTavrobo seqtor­sa da saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan ganaTlebis sferoSi saxelm­wifo xedvis, strategiis da gegmis Camoyalibebaze. mas aqvs ramdenime mniSvnelovani proeqti, romelic mizanmimarTulia eTnikuri um­ciresobebis integraciis gaRrmavebaze.

erT­erT yvelaze warmatebul proeqtad iTvleba e.w. „1+4” proeqti. misi mizania qarTuli enis armcodne axalgazrdebisTvis umaRles sas­wavlebelSi Caricxvis da ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZleblobis uzrunve­lyofa. kerZod, students eZleva ufleba Caabaros zogadi unar­Cveve­bis gamocda mSobliur enaze, Cairicxos mis mier arCeul universitetSi da pirveli weli dauTmos saxelmwifo enis Seswavlas. enis erTwliani kursis dasrulebis Semdeg igi Caabarebs gamocdas da Sesabamisi kompe­tenciis damtkicebis Sedegad gadava uSualod 4 wlian sauniversite­to swavlebaze. es proeqti daiwyo 2010 wels da dReisTvis warmateb­ulad xorcieldeba. gegmis mixedviT is 2018 wels unda dasruldes. proeqtis warmatebulobaze miuTiTebs araqarTulenovan mosaxleoba­

Si dainteresebis done. Tu proeqtis dawyebi­sas msurvelTa raode­noba Zalian dabali iyo, dReis informaci­iT, 1000­ze metma eTni­kurad azerbaijanelma zogadi unar­Cvevebis Cabarebis survili ga­

moTqva; maTgan swavlis ufleba moipova 541­ma adamianma; aqedan 522­ma abiturientma „1+4“ programa airCia. 94 students mieniWa saswavlo granti, romelic srulad faravs programiT gaTvaliswinebul safa­surs (saxelmwifo universitetebSi dadgenili fiqsirebuli gadasaxa­di).

agreTve aqtiurad mimdinareobs maswavlebelTa profesiuli gan­viTarebis centris mier axali proeqtis danergva, romelic miznad isaxavs profesiuli ganaTlebis waxalisebas eTnikur umciresobebSi. „1+4“ programis msgavsad, axla enobrivi barieris gadalaxvis sakiTxze midis muSaoba; programis farglebSi xdeba damatebiTi centrebis gax­sna. da bolos, saministro sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis meS­veobiT axorcielebs sxvadasxva programas, romelTa mizania qarTuli enis codnis donis amaRleba.

saministro aqtiurad muSaobs skolebSi religiuri Semwynare­

Tu proeqtis dawyebisas msurvelTa raodenoba Zalian dabali iyo, dReis informaciiT, 1000-ze metma eTnikurad azerbaijanelma zogadi unar-Cvevebis Cabarebis survili gamoTqva; maTgan swavlis ufleba moipova 541-ma adamianma.

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blobis waxalisebaze. mandaturebisa da skolis maswavleblebisTvis Catarda treningebi da moxda maTi gadamzadeba. 1000­ze met skolaSi moqmedebs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis klubebi, romelTa mizania sxvadasx­va mgrZnobiare Temaze diskusiis waxaliseba. pankisis xeobaSi „sasko­lo iniciativebis waxalisebis qveprogramis“ farglebSi dafinansda 12 proeqti.

ssip maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis erovnuli centri

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis erovnuli centri warmoadgens saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saminis­

troSi Semaval sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirs. am centris mizania skolaSi swavlisa da swavlebis xarisxis gaumjobesebis xelSewyoba maswavleblis profesiuli codnisa da saqmianobis maRali standar­tis damkvidrebis, maswavleblis profesiis statusis amaRlebis gziT. centrs gaaCnia araerTi proeqti, romelic faravs saqarTvelos mTel teritorias da mizanmimarTulia skolaSi ganaTlebis donis amaRleba­sa da inkluziuri swavlebis danergvaze.1

calke aRsaniSnavia ori proeqti: aswavle saqarTvelosTvis – maRalmTian regionebSi kvalificiuri kadrebis gagzavna (aWara – Suax­evi, xulo, xelvaCauri; qvemo qarTli – walka, bolnisi, dmanisi, mar­neuli); da qarTuli ena momavali warmatebisTvis – araqarTulenovan mosaxleobaSi saxelmwifo enis ganviTarebis xelSewyoba (2015 wlis md­gomareobiT programis farglebSi gagzavnilia 200 damxmare maswavle­beli da 88 trener­maswavlebeli samcxe­javaxeTis, qvemo qarTlis da kaxeTis 228 araqarTulenovan skolaSi).

ssip Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centri

1999 wels naTeli gaxda, rom saqarTvelos ganaTlebis sistemas mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi esaWiroeboda. am procesis erT­er­

Ti komponenti gaxldaT iseTi erTeulis Camoyalibeba, romelic pa­suxismgebeli iqneboda obieqturi da sando Sefasebis meTodebis danergvaze. axali sistemis CamoyalibebiT unda momxdariyo saswav­lo procesis Zlieri da susti mxareebis warmoCineba da ganaTlebis

1 ix. ssip maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis erovnuli centris ofi­cialuri gverdi, bmuli: http://tpdc.gov.ge/

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xarisxis gaumjobesebis uzrunvelyofa. dReisTvis centrs saqmiano­bis didi areali aqvs. igi dakavebulia adgilobriv doneze gamocdebis dagegmviT, CatarebiTa da administrirebiT da aseve saerTaSoriso da sxva kvlevebis ganxorcielebiT.

centris saqmianoba Zalian mniSvnelovania eTnikuri umciresobebis integraciis kuTxiT. igi pasuxismgebelia iseT umniSvnelovanes kompo­nentze, rogoricaa sagamocdo da sxva masalebis Targmna araqarTule­novani seqtorisTvis. dReisTvis saerTo erovnuli gamocdebis far­glebSi testebi 2008 wlidan iTargmneba da mudmivad ixveweba. agreTve, yovelwliurad tardeba erovnuli saswavlo olimpiada azerbaijan­ul enaze. centri monawileobs im proeqtebSic, sadac saWiroa araqa­rTulenovani mosaxleobisTvis Sesabamis enaze Sefasebis Catareba da administrireba, literaturis (skolis saxelmZRvaneloebi) da sxva masalebis Targmna. mravalmxrivi CarTulobis procesSi gamovlinda sakmaod saintereso faqti. erT­erTi proeqtis ganxorcielebisas aR­moCnda, rom azerbaijanuli Temis warmomadgenlebi ar flobdnen sa­kuTar enas Sesabamis akademiur doneze, raTa testi CaebarebinaT. Se­sabamisad, centri iZulebuli gaxda moexdina testebSi gamoyenebuli akademiuri enis adaptireba TemSi azerbaijanuli enis codnis dones­Tan.

agreTve, centri, iseve, rogorc bevri sxva saxelmwifo institu­ti, axorcielebs sxvadasxva aqtivobas, romelTa mizania azerbaijan­ul TemSi saxelmwifo enis, qarTulis, Seswavlis waxaliseba da cod­

nis donis amaRleba. erT­erTi respondentis mosazrebiT, azer­baijanul mosaxleobaSi qarTu­li enis dabali done gamowveulia uSualod skolebSi arsebuli vi­TarebiT. kerZod, imiT, rom di­reqtorebi xels ar uwyoben am procesis maqsimalurad daxvewas

da efeqturad warmarTvas.calke aRsaniSnavia iseTi mniSvnelovani saerTaSoriso kvlevis

Catarebis sakiTxi, rogoricaa PISA. kvlevis mizania Seafasos 15 wlis mozardebis mier skolaSi SeZenili codna da unarebi. am asakSi moswav­leebi TiTqmis asruleben savaldebulo ganaTlebis kurss, Sesabamis­ad, PISA amowmebs maT mzaobas, gaumklavdnen yoveldRiur gamowvevebs im codnisa da unarebis gamoyenebiT, romlebic skolaSi miiRes. kvlevis mizans ar warmoadgens Seamowmos, Tu ramdenad kargad aiTvises moswav­

erT-erTi respondentis mosazrebiT, azerbaijanul

mosaxleobaSi qarTuli enis dabali done gamowveulia

uSualod skolebSi arsebuli viTarebiT.

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leebma uSualod skolis programa, aramed mimarTulia gansazRvros, ramdenad kargad arian moswavleebi momzadebulebi sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi aqtiuri da srulfasovani CarTulobisaTvis. am proeqtis yofil menejerTan gasaubrebisas aRmoCnda, rom es kvleva Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnul centrsa da ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis samin­istros Soris davis sagani gaxda. kerZod, yofili ministris, dimitri SaSkinis, xelmZRvanelobis periodSi dadebulma Sedegebma cxadyo, rom saqarTvelos masStabiT skolebis umravlesoba ver axerxebda moswavleebSi cxovrebiseuli unarebis Sesabamis doneze ganviTarebas. im dros arsebuli politikuri koniuqturidan gamomdinare, saminis­trom moiTxova am kvlevis Sedegebis mxolod inglisurad wardgena. metic, gadawyvita maTi ugulebelyofa. swored am Temaze saubrisas gamovlinda is, rom saministrosa da mis ssip­s Soris urTierTobebi erTgvari dapirispirebis formatSia gadatanili.

es dapirispireba saministrosa da centrs Soris aris ganpirobebu­li ramdenime faqtoriT: 1) saministroSi ganxorcielebadi mudmivi cvlilebebiT, rac ar aZlevs saSualebas centrs daamyaros stabilu­ri urTierTobebi saministrosTan. saministroSi da zogadad qveyanaSi pirveli pirebis xSiri cvalebadoba midgomebis cvlilebebsac iwvevs; 2) centrisgan gansxvavebiT saministro bevrad ufro politizirebu­li da mowyvladia iseTi kritikis winaSe, romelmac SeiZleba arsebuli mTavrobis kursi/warmatebuloba eWvqveS daayenos. centri, rogorc profesionalebisa da mecnierebisgan Semdgari erT­erTi yvelaze sta­biluri da efeqturi instituti, rTulad egueba saministroSi arse­bul aseT garemos. SejamebisTvis, Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centris TanamSromlebi ukmayofiloebi arian centrsa da saminist­ros Soris arsebuli urTierTobebiT. metic, maT miaCniaT, rom samin­istro centris kvlevebis umravlesobas ar iTvaliswinebs an/da Tvals xuWavs sxvadasxva politikuri mizezis gamo.

saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministro

samxedro samsaxurisa da religiis Tanacxovreba kompleqsuri Temaa. gansakuTrebiT ki – jarSi samxedro pirebis mier aRmsare­

blobis Sesabamisi ritualebis Catareba. Tumca marTlmadidebeli eklesiis warmomadgenlebisTvis samxedro erTeulebSi Sesvlisa da samlocveloebis arsebobis pirobebSi saWiro gaxda sxva religiuri denominaciebis uflebebis gaTvaliswinebac.

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2016 wels saqarTvelos Sei­araRebuli Zalebis qveda nayofebSi muslimuri samlocveloebi gaixs­na. 2016 wlis 6 marts saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ministri, Tina xidaSeli saqarTvelos muslimi mosaxleobis

winamZRvarTan, mufTa beglar qamaSiZesTan erTad quTaisSi saxmeleTo jarebis dasavleT sardlobis III qveiT brigadas estumra da brigadaSi momsaxure muslimi samxedroebisTvis bazis teritoriaze samlocve­lo oTaxi gaxsna. arsebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, III qveiT brigadaSi muslimi aRmsareblobis 103 samxedro msaxurobs. xolo 15 marts msgav­si samlocvelo gaixsna xonSi, II saartilerio brigadaSi.

agreTve, gadaidga nabijebi pankisis xeobasTan dakavSirebiT. 2016 wlis 10 ianvars Tavdacvis ministri Tina xidaSeli, misi moadgileebi, evropul da evroatlantikur struqturebSi integraciis sakiTxeb­Si saxelmwifo ministri daviT baqraZe, sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa ministris moadgile revaz javeliZe, ganaTlebisa da mecnier­ebis ministris moadgile lia gigauri da kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis ministris mrCeveli qeTevan dumbaZe pankisis xeobis mcxovreblebis problemebs gaecnen. arsebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, Tavdacvis saministro gegmavs pankisis xeobaSi, kerZod, kaxeTis regionuli gan­viTarebis centrSi inglisuri da qarTuli enebis maswavleblebis mi­vlinebas; agreTve, iq gaigzavnebian saministros specialistebi, rom­lebic moamzadeben adgilobriv axalgazrdebs erovnuli Tavdacvis akademiaSi CaricxvisTvis.

saqarTvelos sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saministro

saqarTvelos sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saministro mniSvnelovani institutia integraciis sakiTxze saubrisas. igi

pasuxismgebelia erT­erTi wamyvani Zalis, axalgazrdobis CarTuloba­ze. saministros axalgazrdobis politikis marTvis departamentis warmomadgenlis gancxadebiT, nacionaluri moZraobis xelisuflebis saTaveebSi yofnisas axalgazrduli politika ZiriTadad patriotTa banakebiT Semoifargleboda. 2012 wlis mTavrobis cvlilebis Semdeg situacia mkveTrad Seicvala. dReisTvis am saministroSi arsebuli ax­algazrduli politikis departamenti ramdenime mimarTulebiT saqmi­

2016 wels saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis qveda nayofebSi muslimuri samlocveloebi gaixsna.

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anobs.1 gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba `saqa­rTveloSi mcxovrebi eT­nikuri umciresobebis integraciis xelSewyobis programas“. am program­is farglebSi mimdinare­obs aqtiuri muSaoba kom­paqturad dasaxlebul regionebSi (aWaris avto­nomiuri respublika, qve mo qarTli, pankisis xeoba) mcxovreb axalgazrdebTan. programis mizania „axalgazrdebis ganaTlebis donis amaRleba, maTSi saxelmwifoebrivi azrovnebis, aqtiuri moqalaqeobis, SemoqmedebiTi unarebis ganviTa reba“, rac gulisxmobs araformaluri ganaTlebis komponentis CarTvas. arafor­maluri ganaTleba is sferoa, romlis Sevsebac departaments surs. am mxriv ukve Camoyalibebulia e.w. axalgazrduli centrebis koncefcia. am dawesebulebebis meSveobiT moxdeba axalgazrdebSi araformaluri ganaTlebis waxaliseba da qarTul sazogadoebaSi integraciis proce­sis xelSewyoba. agreTve, departamentis xelSewyobiT moxda axalgaz­rdebisTvis onlain kursebis Camoyalibeba.

problemad rCeba sakiTxis finansuri mxare. rogorc respondent­ma gviambo, umaRles doneze arsebobs politikuri neba, rom moxdes eTnikuri da religiuri umciresobebis qarTul sazogadoebaSi Car­Tulobis waxaliseba, magram biujetis prioritetebidan (jandacva da formaluri ganaTleba) gamomdinare, axalgazrduli politikis departaments uWirs fuladi saxsrebis Segroveba ama Tu im proeqtis ganxorcielebisTvis.

saqarTvelos Serigebisa da samoqalaqo TanasworobissakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris aparati

saqarTvelos Serigebisa da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris aparatis pirveladi daniSnuleba samoqa­

laqo integraciis waxalisebis mxardaWerasa da Tanasworobis koncef­

1 ix. saqarTvelos sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saministros axalgazr­dobis politikis marTvis departamentis 2015 wlis prioritetuli mimarTulebebi.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba `saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi eTnikuri umciresobebis integraciis xelSewyobis programas“. am programis farglebSi mimdinareobs aqtiuri muSaoba kompaqturad dasaxlebul regionebSi (aWaris avtonomiuri respublika, qvemo qarTli, pankisis xeoba) mcxovreb axalgazrdebTan.

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ciis danergvas iTvaliswinebda. dReisTvis, religiis sakiTxTa saxelm­wifo saagentos Camoyalibebis Semdeg, igi gaemijna religiis sferos da sruli koncentrireba moaxdina samoqalaqo integraciis sakiTxebze.

saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis saministro

saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis samin­istrosTan mimoweris Sedegad dadginda, rom raime konkretuli

proeqti, orientirebuli eTnikur an religiur umciresobebze, araa inicirebuli. saqarTvelos TiToeuli moqalaqe sargeblobs kanon­mdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli servisebiT.

mowodebuli statistikis mixedviT, sapensio uzrunvelyofiT sargeblobs qvemo qarTlSi – 63, 611 adamiani, kaxeTSi – 66, 482 adamiani da aWaris avtonomiur respublikaSi – 50,051 adamiani. socialuri dax­marebiT da saarsebo SemweobiT uzrunvelyofa xdeba qvemo qarTlSi 28,132 adamianis, kaxeTSi – 7,314 adamianis da aWaris avtonomiur res­publikaSi – 29,834 adamianis.

saqarTvelos regionuli ganviTarebisa da infrastruqturis saministro

saqarTvelos regionuli ganviTarebisa da infrastruqturis saministros mier raime mniSvnelovani infrastruqturuli pro­

eqtebi, romlebic Seexeboda muslimuri TemiT dasaxlebul punqtebs, bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi ar ganxorcielebula.1 Tumca, 2016 wels pankisis xeobaSi daiwyo saxelmwifos mier gazificirebis programa. saxelmwifom pankisis xeobis soflebis gazificirebis mizniT 2016 wlis biujetSi Sesabamisi Tanxebi Cado.2

1 oficialur korespondenciaze dayrdnobiT.2 ix. fondi, „Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelo, mTavrobis gadawyvetilebiT, panki­

sis xeobis yvela soflis gazificireba moxdeba, http://ick.ge/articles/25975-i.html

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saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saministro

saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saministrosTan kavSiris damyareba garTulda. saministros warmomadgenlebTan

Sexvedris TxovniT werili gagzavnili iyo 2015 wlis 24 dekembers. ar­aerTi gadamowmebisa da Setyobinebis Semdeg, martis meore naxevarSi miRebul iqna pasuxi imis Taobaze, rom aRniSnuli moTxovna jer kidev ganxilvis procesSia. proeqtis dasrulebis gamo ukukavSirs adgili aRar hqonia. unda aRiniSnos, rom probaciis saagento mzad iyo TanamS­romlobisTvis, magram centraluri aparatidan Tanxmobis ararsebo­bis gamo Sexvedra ver Sedga.

Cvens xelT arsebuli informaciis mixedviT, ararsebobs raime gan­calkevebuli servisi, orientirebuli eTnikur an/da religiur um­ciresobebze. aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom servisebis miwodeba rTuldeba enobrivi barieris gamo, igulisxmeba rusuli enis mcodne profesio­nalebis nakleboba. es gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria iseT qalaqebSi, sadac saxelmwifo enis flobis done sakmaod dabalia; magaliTad, q. marneuli da sxva eTnikurad azerbaijanelebis mier dasaxlebuli pun­qtebi. amasTanave, unda iTqvas, rom regionebSi am servisebis miwodeba­ze naklebi moTxovnaa.

saxelmwifo politikisa da uwyebaTa saqmianobis analizi

saxelmwifo politikis analizisas unda iTqvas, rom ikveTeba mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi. mixeil saakaSvilis mmarTveloba

warmatebuli iyo pirveladi reformebis kuTxiT (magaliTad, „1+4“ programa), magram Sida da sagareo faqtorebis gamo muslimuri Temi winasaarCevno berketad iqca. pankisis xeobaSi aqtiuri saqmianobiT gamoirCeodnen ZiriTadad Zalovani struqturebis warmomadgenlebi. xelisuflebis cvlilebam ganapiroba am politikis gadaxedva. dReisT­vis igi ufro kompleqsuri gaxda da saministroebis umravlesoba am sakiTxs (samoqalaqo integracia) did drosa da energias uTmobs. meta­morfoza ganpirobebulia uwin arsebuli praqtikis warumateblobiT, saerTaSoriso arenaze ganviTarebuli movlenebiTa da adgilobrivi/saerTaSoriso aqtorebis zewoliT.

saxelmwifom mniSvnelovani nabijebi gadadga sakanonmdeblo ba­zis dasaxvewad, Tumca ramdenad qmediTi iqneba es iniciativebi – da­

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vis sagania. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, am sferoSi momuSave eqspertTa azriT, sakanonmdeblo baza ar saWiroebs damatebiT gaumjobesebas. igi sruliad faravs religiuri jgufebis uflebebis dacvis sferos.

problema ara sakanonmdeblo ba­zaSia, aramed am bazis danergvisa da gamoyenebis politikur nebaSi. aqedan gamomdinare, sakiTxavia, Tu ramdenad saWiroa kanonmde­blobaSi damatebiTi cvlile­

bebis Setana maSin, rodesac ukve arsebuli sakanonmdeblo baza araa bolomde danergili yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi.

politikuri neba damatebiTi msjelobis sagania. interviuebis dros respondentTa umravlesoba saubrobda imaze, rom aRniSnuli politika nominalurad arsebobs da mowyvladia sxvadasxva zegavlenis winaSe. metic, sakiTxavia, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba gacxadebuli poli­tika im Rirebulebebs, romlebsac iziarebs saqarTvelos politikuri elita. dargis eqspertebma aRniSnes, rom ara mxolod mTavrobaSi, ar­amed sakanonmdeblo uwyebaSic arian oficialuri pirebi, romlebic gamoirCevian radikaluri SexedulebebiT, rac ewinaaRmdegeba sayov­elTaod gacxadebul Sexedulebebs. am individebs ki arsebuli poli­tikuri, socialuri da ekonomikuri viTarebidan gamomdinare sakmaod didi zegavlena aqvT.

garemoebebze saubrisas vgulisxmobT saqarTvelos marTlmadi­debeli eklesiis, rogorc qveyanaSi yvelaze gavrcelebuli religiuri institutis, pozicias. saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da marTlmadideb­el eklesias Soris arsebuli urTierTobebis praqtika da formati ewinaaRmdegeba qveyanaSi Tanaswori da samarTliani garemos Seqmnas. saqme ara eklesiis, rogorc istoriulad damsaxurebuli institu­tis rolis aRiarebasa da 2002 wlis konstituciur xelSekrulebaSia, aramed am yvelafris araswor aRqmaSi. amis mizezi qveynis politi­kur elitaSi arsebuli individebi arian, romlebic sakuTar religi­ur Sexedulebebs qveyanaSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis Camoyalibebaze maRla ayeneben. agreTve, uSualod marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wiaRSi mravaladaa radikaluri Sexedulebebis mqone sasuliero piri. Sede­gad viRebT iseT suraTs, rodesac didi sazogadoebrivi mxardaWeris mqone institutSi aqtiuroben da yoveldRiurobaSi Canan iseTi adami­anebi, romlebic marTlmadideblobis politikuri poziciebis kidev ufro gaZlierebas uWeren mxars. mxardaWera xSirad agresiuli forme­biT xdeba da iTvaliswinebs sxvadasxva saxis radikalur mowodebebs. am

problema ara sakanonmdeblo bazaSia, aramed am bazis danergvisa da gamoyenebis politikur nebaSi.

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adamianebs aqvT mniSvnelovani zegavlena im oficialur pirebze, rom­lebic sakuTar Tavs am denominaciis warmomadgenlebad Tvlian.

metic, mTavroba, rogorc politikuri erTeuli, romelsac esaW­iroeba sazogadoebrivi mxardaWera, iZulebuli xdeba Tvali daxuWos an Seusabamo reagireba moaxdinos eklesiis warmomadgenlebis saero cxovrebaSi xSirad uxeS Carevaze. eklesia politikis ganuyofeli naw­ili gaxda da mTavrobebis le­gitimaciis erT­erTi yvelaze didi wyaroa. am yvelafris Tav­idaTavi ki sazogadoebaSi arse­buli ganwyobebia.

calke unda aRiniSnos ar­sebuli politikuri garemo. saqarTvelos politikuri sistema aram­dgradia, xelisuflebebis cvlileba xSirad xdeba Zaladobrivad da revoluciur reJimSi.

TiToeuli mTavroba gamoirCeva radikalurad gansxvavebuli po­litikuri, socialuri, ekonomikuri da kulturuli SexedulebebiT. am Sexedulebebis farglebSi xSirad xdeba wina mTavrobebis saqmiano­bis dagmoba da ganxorcielebuli programebisa da proeqtebis ugule­belyofa. aqedan gamomdinare, wlebis ganmavlobaSi mxolod erTeul SemTxvevebSi moxda gaweuli saqmianobidan grZelvadiani mogebis amoReba.

es viTareba arTulebs ara mxolod religiis sakiTxze saqmianobis dagegmvas, aramed zogadad qveyanaSi xangrZlivvadiani gegmebisa da programebis Camoyalibebas da danergvas. amitom qveyana erTgvar gau­Tavebel reformire­baSia da Tan ise, rom erTi reformis das­rulebisa da Sede­gebis analizis na­cvlad iwyeba an axali cvlilebebi, an igive reformis xelaxla, odnav saxecvlilad gatareba.

am sferoSi momuSave adamianebis azriT, yovelive zemoT moyvani­li xels uSlis qveyanaSi ama Tu im dargSi grZelvadiani politikis gatarebas; agreTve, afrTxobs saerTaSoriso donorebs. am arastabi­lurobis naTeli magaliTia proeqtebis Sewyveta an SeCereba samTav­robo cvlilebebis gamo. magaliTad, axalgazrduli politikis pro­

eklesia politikis ganuyofeli nawili gaxda da mTavrobebis legitimaciis erT-erTi yvelaze didi wyaroa.

qveyana erTgvar gauTavebel reformirebaSia da Tan ise, rom erTi reformis dasrulebisa da Sedegebis analizis nacvlad iwyeba an axali cvlilebebi, an igive reformis xelaxla, odnav saxecvlilad gatareba.

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eqti SeCerda premier­ministris cvlilebis gamo da gaurkveveli iyo misi bedi, radgan axal premiers SesaZloa gansxvavebuli ekonomikuri da politikuri xedva hqonoda. aqve aRsaniSnavia axali premier­min­istris, giorgi kvirikaSvilis, mier ganaTlebis sistemaSi germanuli modelis danergvis iniciativa. ganaTlebis sistemaSi jer kidev Zve­li modelis bolomde ganxorcieleba ar momxdara da ukve iwyeba sxva midgomis SemoReba. swored aseTma politikam gamoiwvia is, rom ganaT­lebis xaris xsa da gatarebul reformebs Soris sul ufrodaufro na­klebi kavSiria.

politikuri arastabilurobis Sedegad gamowveulma mudmivma cvlilebebma ganapiroba am dargSi profesionaluri kadrebis nakle­boba. is adamianebi, romlebic wlebis ganmavlobaSi sxva mTavrobaze muSaobdnen, iZulebulni arian an samsaxuri datovon, an maTi Sexed­ulebebi da ideebi ukana planze gadawion. yoveli axali ministri Tavis gundTan erTad modis, romelic xSirad gamoucdelia da aklia Sesabam­isi unarebi da codna. am garemos qveyanaSi zogadad ganaTlebis dabali donec arTulebs.

komunikaciisa da informaciis nakleboba kidev erTi mniSvnelo­vani sakiTxia. mudmivi reformireba iwvevs ukukavSiris rRvevas da informaciis sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebis problemas. es gansakuTre­biT aqtualuria iseT regionebSi, sadac saxelmwifo enis codnis done dabalia da/an araa ganviTarebuli Sesabamisi infrastruqtura.

saxelmwifo uwyebebi xSirad iyeneben Tanamedrove teqnologiebs am sakiTxis gadasaWrelad (magaliTad, televizia, interneti, social­uri media, sxvadasxva programis oficialur gverdebze ganTavseba). ra Tqma unda, Tanamedroveobis mier SemoTavazebuli meTodebi unda iyos gamoyenebuli, magram amasTanave uciloblad gasaTvaliswinebelia garemo, romelSic saqarTvelos zogierTi Temi cxovrobs.

arsebuli statistikis mixedviT, qveynis mosaxleobis mxolod umciresobas aqvs wvdoma internetze, xolo am teqnologiis srul­fasovnad gamoyenebis kultura ZiriTadad did qalaqebSia ganviTare­buli. amitom enobrivi da sxva kursebis onlain SeTavazeba saintereso iniciativaa, magram naklebad aqtualuri eTnikuri umciresobebis in­tegraciisTvis. miT umetes, rom maT umravlesobas ar aqvs wvdoma in­ternetze da Tu aqvs, gamoyenebis codnis done dabalia. Sesabamisad, am TemSi arc im servisebis Sesaxeb aqvT informacia, romelTa aRwera da SeTavazeba xdeba internetiT da sxva teqnologiebiT.

gansakuTrebuli aRniSvnis Rirsia ramdenime instituti saqarT­veloSi – religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento, ganaTlebisa da

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mecnierebis saministro, saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministro da saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministro. saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saminis­trom bolo periodSi mniSvnelovani nabijebi gadadga marTlmadide­beli eklesiis dabalansebis kuTxiT. muslimuri TemisTvis religiu­ri ritualebis ganxorcielebis miniWebiT is xels uwyobs religiaTa Soris Tanasworuflebianobis principis Camoyalibebas. Tumca Cndeba bunebrivi kiTxva, Tu ramdenad warmoadgens es procesi erTiani saxel­mwifo politikis nawils da xom ar aris es erTi uwyebisa da misi xelmZ­Rvanelis erTpirovnuli gadawyvetileba?!

saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministro wlebis ganmavlobaSi Jan­darmis rols asrulebda. eqspertebTan saubrisas vlindeba, rom uSiS­roebis samsaxurebi xSirad sixistiTa da muslimuri Temisadmi upa­tivcemulobiT gamoirCeodnen. maTi azriT, es viTareba mniSvnelovnad arc dRes Secvlila. gansakuTrebiT sagangaSo mdgomareobaa pankisis xeobaSi. wlebis ganmavlobaSi Sss daSinebis meqanizmi iyo da dResac, mTavrobis cvlilebis miuxedavad, agrZelebs zewolis politikas. amis naTeli magaliTia pankisis xeobaSi mcxovrebi qistebisadmi Ss minis­tris moadgilis mier bolo periodSi gaxmovanebuli muqara. udavoa, rom saxelmwifo unda zrunavdes qveynis usafrTxoebaze, magram es ar unda xorcieldebodes sakuTari moqalaqeebis uflebebis xelyofis gziT. sasurvelia kompleqsuri midgomis gamoyeneba, romelSic es in­stituti erT­erTi rgoli iqneba da ara wamyvani erTeuli. es miscems uSiSroebis samsaxurebs met dros, romelic unda daeTmos religiur niadagze Cadenili danaSaulebis gamoZiebasa da prevencias.

saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro SeiZleba mi­viCnioT erT­erT yvelaze naklebad efeqtian institutad. arcerTma respondentma ar gamoTqva am saministros saqmianobiT kmayofileba. metic, uSualod mis sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnul centrSic ki aqvT masTan pretenziebi. ZiriT­adi kritika exeba saministros zedmetad politizirebulobas; aseve ministrebisa da sxva xelmZRvanelebis xSir cvlilebas. arasamTavro­bo seqtori kidev ufro kritikuli aRmoCnda. maTi azriT, instituts ar aqvs mkafio warmodgena ganaTlebis sistemis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb. xolo bolo dros momzadebuli dokumentebi veraviTar kritikas ver uZlebs.

wamoiWra saministroSi momuSave personalis profesionalizmisa da ganaTlebis sakiTxic. unda iTqvas, rom saministros personali or jgu­fad iyofa: Statiani TanamSromlebi, romlebsac gaazrebuli aqvT qvey­anaSi arsebuli viTareba da saministros politizirebuloba da Stat­

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gareSe TanamSromlebi. pirveli kategoriis TanamSromlebTan saubari naklebad produqtiulia, radgan kritikul sakiTxebze dasabuTebuli pasuxebis miReba Wirs. StatgareSe kadrebi bevrad ufro kritikulebi arian sakuTari saministros mimarT. isini metwilad iziareben arse­bul kritikas da xazs usvamen imas, rom saqme institutis xelmZRvan­elobaSia; Sefasebebis dros respondentebis mier gamoyenebuli iyo iseTi terminebi, rogoricaa politika, politikuri neba. amasTanave, isini ar eTanxmebian im mosazrebas, rom saministroSi profesiuli kadrebis naklebobaa; problemas ufro kreatiulobisa da iniciativis waxalisebis kulturis ararsebobaSi xedaven.

saministros saqmianoba arc muslimuri Temis integraciis kuTx­iT aris damakmayofilebeli. ganaTlebis sistemidan sruliad am­ovardnilia muslimuri sasuliero saswavleblebi, razec saminis­

tro ar axdens reagirebas. „1+4“ programis SemTxveva­Si arasamTavrobo organi­zaciebis warmomadgenlebma ganacxades, rom dReisTvis saministros ar gaaCnia gegma,

Tu ras apirebs am programis vadis amowurvis Semdeg. gansakuTrebuli kritikis sagania is faqti, rom Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi qarTul enaSi mosamzadebel kursebs eTnikuri umciresobebis warmo­madgenlebi qarTveli studentebisgan gancalkevebulad gadian, sxva SenobaSi. gamoiTqva eWvebi enis kursebTan dakavSirebiTac. dReisTvis araerTi saxelmwifo saagento muSaobs qvemo qarTlSi enobrivi bari­eris dasaZlevad. amasTanave, mniSvnelovania, rom Seswavlili iyos am programis xarjTefeqturoba. agreTve, kursebis umravlesoba aris gaTvaliswinebuli axalgazrdebisaTvis, rac ufros Taobas am pro­cesebis miRma tovebs.

yuradsaRebia religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos saqmianoba. unda aRiniSnos, rom saagentos mxridan mkvlevrebTan TanamSromlobis interesi didi iyo. metic, ganaTlebis saministrosgan gansxvavebiT, sadac Sexvedrebs ZiriTadad nominaluri mniSvneloba hqonda, saagen­tos wamyvani departamentis xelmZRvanelebi uSualod monawileobd­nen interviuSi da mzad iyvnen gaecaT pasuxi nebismieri kiTxvisTvis.

am uwyebis saqmianoba xSirad kritikulad fasdeba, rac gamowveulia ramdenime faqtoriT: 1) undobloba – muslimuri Temis nawils aqvs saxelmwifo uwyebebTan komunikaciis uaryofiTi gamocdileba; 2)

ganaTlebis sistemidan sruliad amovardnilia muslimuri sasuliero saswavleblebi, razec saministro ar axdens reagirebas.

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saagentoSi momuSave pirovnebebis profesionalizmi da Rirebuleba­Ta sistema – saagentom sakmaod mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi gadaita­na 2014 wlidan. misi rigebi datoves Teologiis sakiTxebSi cnobilma eqspertebma. gamoiTqva eWvi, rom amis mizezi saagentos xelmZRvanel­isa da iq momuSave wamyvani pirebis araprofesionalizmi da codnis na­kleboba iyo; metic, kvlevisas daisva amave pirebis warsulis sakiTxi da is, Tu ramdenad iziareben maTive institutis mier gacxadebul Ri­rebulebaTa sistemas; 3) saagento aqtiurad TanamSromlobs muslimTa sammarTvelosTan, romelic mixeil saakaSvilis mmarTvelobis peri­odSi daarsda da muslimuri TemisTvis naklebad damaxasiaTebeli cen­tralizaciisa da kontrolis meqanizmebiT gamoirCeoda, amitom mus­limuri Temis zogierTi warmomadgenlis azriT, saagento muslimTa sammarTvelos erTgvari makontrolebeli uwyebaa; 4) saagentos war­momadgenlebi xazs usvamen, rom organizaciaSi ar xdeba gansxvavebu­li religiuri denominaciis specialuri warmomadgenlebis miReba (in­terreligiuri formatis miRma), rac amave religiuri gaerTianebebis azriT, xels uSlis arsebuli problemebis srulyofil gaazrebas; 5) saagentos rekomendacia xSirad gauTvaliswinebeli rCeba, rac uSua­lod misi sarekomendacio xasiaTiT ukmayofilebas iwvevs; agreTve, am rekomendaciebis gacemis procedura sakmaod gawelilia, rac gansx­vavebuli spekulaciebis mizezi xdeba.

calkea aRsaniSnavi baTumSi centraluri meCeTis mSeneblobis Tema. saagentom misi gafarToebis rekomendacia gasca. man gaamyara gadawyvetileba Segrovili xelmowerebiT da amiT daupirispirda adg­ilobriv sainiciativo jgufs, romelmac axali meCeTis mSeneblobis moTxovniT agreTve xelmowerebi Seagrova (dReisTvis, jamSi 12,000 adamianis). sainiciativo jgufis warmomadgenlebma ganacxades, rom saagentom xelmowerebis Segroveba muslimuri mrevlis motyuebiT Se­Zlo. am viTarebam kidev ufro daZaba muslimuri Temis erTi nawilis urTierToba saagentosa da sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarT­velos Soris.

gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos sakiTxis politikuri mxare. naTe­lia, rom saagentos Camoyalibebamde da qveynis religiuri politikis gansazRvramde qveyanaSi bevri dainteresebuli mxare iyo CarTuli am procesSi. saagentom Tavisi politikiT aiZula isini an legalur Car­CoSi gadaetanaT sakuTari saqmianoba, an daetovebinaT asparezi. Sesa­bamisad is jgufebi, romlebsac Zvel aqtorebTan hqondaT da dResac inarCuneben urTierTobebs, aprotesteben saagentos, rogorc movle­nas an cdiloben misgan distancirebas. aseTi individebi an gaerTiane­

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bebi aqtiuroben aWaris regionSi, qvemo qarTlSi (q. marneuli) da pank­isis xeobaSi.

igive viTarebaa marneulSi. azerbaijanidan da iranidan Semosuli TanxiT araerTi salocavi gaixsna. sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelosa da saagentos Camoyalibebamde iq aqtiurad muSaobda ali alievi. igi warmoadgenda azerbaijanidan kontrolirebad reli­giur gaerTianebas. axali sammarTvelos SeqmniT am erTeulis pozicie­bi Sesustda, rac am organizaciasTan dakavSirebuli jgufis ukmayo­filebis mizezi gaxda.

pankisis xeobis mosaxleobis ukmayofileba ki ZiriTadad ga­mowveulia e.w. tradiciuli da salafituri mimdinareobebis SejaxebiT. tradiciuli islamis mimdevrebis ricxvi sul ufrodaufro mcirdeba, rac xels uwyobs swored salafituri ganStoebis gaZlierebas.

uxucesTa sabWo, romelic cdilobs salafizmis aRmofxvras, mou­wodebs saagentos aqtiuri nabijebisken, rac sxvadasxva politikuri mizezis gamo Riad ver xorcieldeba. Tavis mxriv, salafitebi acxa­deben imas, rom saagento awarmoebs maT winaaRmdeg mizanmimarTul diskreditaciis kampanias. amasTan dakavSirebiT unda iTqvas, rom saqmianobis pirvel etapze saagento cdilobda salafituri mimdin­areobis gancalkevebas sxva ganStoebebisgan, rom momxdariyo maTi erTgvar vakuumSi moqceva.

es gegma warumatebeli aRmoCnda, radgan uSualod tradiciuli is­lamis rigebSic ki saerTo poziciis gamonaxva SeuZlebeli gaxda. dRes saagento miznad isaxavs tradiciuli islamis mimdevrebis gaZliere­bas, rom maT SeZlon salafituri jamaaTis warmomadgenlebisTvis konkurenciis gaweva.

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religiuri gaerTianebebi

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sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelo

2011 wlis 5 ivliss parlamentma daCqarebuli wesiT miiRo cvl­ilebebi samoqalaqo kodeqsSi, romlis Tanaxmadac, religiur

gaerTianebebs SesaZleloba miecaT daregistrirebuliyvnen, rogorc sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi.1

amave wels xelisuflebis xelSewyobiT daarsda sruliad saqarT­velos muslimTa sammarTvelo, romelic miznad isaxavs qveynis mus­limuri Temis da misi istoriuli memkvidreobis dacvas. kerZod, mas amJamad uxdeba im problemebze muSaoba, rac dagrovda islamur TemSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis mopovebis Semdeg. es ZiriTadi problemebia: srulfasovani sasuliero saganmanaTleblo sistemis ararseboba, kvalificiuri kadrebis simcire, sxva qveynebis sarwmunoebriv­ideologiuri gavlenebi da sxva.

sruliad saqarTvelos muslim­Ta sammarTvelos warmomadgenlebis gancxadebiT, aRniSnuli organizacia wminda konfesiuri saqmianobis gar­da eweva sazogadoebriv aqtivobasac, sistematurad atarebs samecniero konferenciebs da seminarebs, cdi­lobs kontaqtebi da koordinacia iqo­nios saxelmwifo uwyebebTan da saqa­rTveloSi moqmed sxva konfesiebis warmomadgenlebTan, intensiurad am­yarebs saerTaSoriso kontaqtebs msxvil islamur centrebTan. aseve aqtiuradaa dakavebuli sagamomcemlo da saqvelmoqmedo saqmianobiT.

sammarTvelos dafuZnebamde saqarTveloSi arasamTavrobo or­ganizaciebis statusiT an/da saerTodac, registraciis gareSe mo­qmedebdnen kavkasiis muslimTa sammarTvelos warmomadgenlobebi, calke mdgomi aWaris samufTo, agreTve saqvelmoqmedo fondebisa da kulturuli organizaciebis saxeliT moqmedi sxvadasxva religiuri organizaciebi.

xelisuflebis mxridan sammarTvelos Camoyalibebis xelSewyobas aqvs rogorc dadebiTi, aseve uaryofiTi mxare. erTi mxriv, msgavsi struqturis Camoyalibeba aris wingadadgmuli nabiji, vinaidan man

1 ix. „cvlilebebi religiuri gaerTianebebis samarTlebriv statusTan dakavSirebiT“, HumanRights.Ge, bmuli: http://www.humanrights.ge/index.php?a=-main&pid=13892&lang=geo

sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos warmomadgenlebis gancxadebiT, aRniSnuli organizacia wminda konfesiuri saqmianobis garda eweva sazogadoebriv aqtivobasac.

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waaqeza saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi muslimebis konsolidacia adgilo­brivi organizaciis qolgis qveS. meore mxriv, arsebobs safuZvliani eWvi, rom mis CamoyalibebaSi saxelmwifos mxridan Setanili mniS­vnelovani wvlilis gamo sammarTvelo ver SeZlebs Sedges, rogorc avtonomiuri erTeuli da bolomde daicvas Temis interesebi.

dReisTvis sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos mimarT sazogadoebaSi arsebobs araerTgvarovani damokidebuleba. igi dgas ramdenime mniSvnelovani gamowvevis winaSe. sirTules warmoadgens sakmaod Wrel da araerTgvarovan muslimur TemTan urTierTobebis dalageba. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTveloSi saukuneebis ganmav­lobaSi Camoyalibda muslimTa Tanacxovrebis garkveuli modeli, TiToeuli Temi mainc xasiaTdeba konfesiuri TavisuburebebiT da eTnikuri gansxvavebulobebiT, rac dRemde rCeba angariSgasawev Tav­iseburebad. TiToeuli Temi xasiaTdeba aseve gansxvavebuli saWiroe­bebiT, Sesabamisad sammarTvelos mis xelT arsebuli mwiri resurse­biT uWirs drouli da efeqturi reagireba.

gansakuTrebul ukmayofilebas gamoxataven saagentos saqmiano­bisadmi pankisis xeobis islamis tradiciuli mim­dinareobis warmomadgen­lebi da aWaris avtonomiur respublikaSi moRvawe re­ligiuri pirebi. 2015 wlis sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos wliuri angariSis prezent­

aciaze pankisis `uxucesTa sabWos“ warmomadgenelmac Riad gaakritika organizaciis saqmianoba xeobaSi da mas arasakmarisi uwoda.

Tavis mxriv, saintereso mdgomareobaa aWaraSi. kerZod, sammarT­velos daqvemdebarebaSi myofi religiuri pirebis erTi nawili Riad upirispirdeba mas baTumSi axali meCeTis mSeneblobis saWiroebasTan mimarTebiT da mxardaWeras ucxadebs im muslimur gaerTianebas, ro­melic ar aRiarebs sammarTvelos legitimurobas da mas saxelmwifo struqturis nawilad miiCnevs.

sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos winaSe arsebuli kidev erTi mniSvnelovani gamowveva saqarTvelos muslimur TemSi Sida religiur­politikuri dapirispirebaa. sammarTvelos religiu­ri saxis uTanxmoeba aqvs pankisis xeobaSi arsebul jamaaTis warmomad­genlebTan. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, salafitebs miaCniaT, rom saqarTve­

gansakuTrebul ukmayofilebas gamoxataven saagentos saqmianobisadmi pankisis xeobis islamis tradiciuli mimdinareobis warmomadgenlebi da aWaris avtonomiur respublikaSi moRvawe religiuri pirebi.

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loSi arsebuli sunituri da Siituri mimdinareobebi scdebian yuranSi mocemul swavlebebs. amis gamo salafituri jamaaTi ar aRiarebs sam­marTvelos saqmianobas. Tavis mxriv, sammarTveloc, sxvadasxva gare­moebaTa gaTvalisiwinebiT, Tavs ikavebs maTTan dialogisgan.

agreTve, religiur­politikur mizezTa gamo sammarTvelosTan TanamSromlobaze uari ganacxada qvemo qarTlis da aWaris regioneb­Si moqmedma ramdenime religiurma organi­zaciam da calkeulma sasuliero pirma. es ganpirobebuli iyo maTi mWidro religi­uri, politikuri da finansuri kavSirebiT momijnave saxelmwifos wamyvan religiur organizaciebTan.

sammarTvelos winaSe aseve dgas Sida gamowvevebic. kerZod – struqturuli xarvezebi da profesiuli kadrebis nakleboba. amis gan­mapirobebel faqtorebad SegviZlia miviCnioT msgavsi organizaciuli urTierTobebis gamocdilebis ararseboba TemSi da amavdroulad, aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi qveyanaSi islamuri srulyofili ganaT­lebis miRebis saSualebebis xelmiuwvdomloba. kvlevis dros araerT­ma respondentma aRniSna is faqtic, rom erT­erTi damfuZnebeli iyo marTl­madidebeli qristiani, rac apriori miuRebeli gaxl­daT muslimi mrevlis wev­rebisaTvis.

struqturul xarveze­bze saubrisas gansakuTrebuli adgili ukavia iseT sakiTxs, rogori­caa islamis sunituri da Siituri mimdinareobebis warmomadgenelTa erT qolga organizaciaSi Tavmoyra. kvlevisas dadginda, rom aWaris muslimuri Temis ramdenime gavleniani piri aseT erTobas xelovnu­rad miiCnevs da miuTiTebs im faqtze, rom msgavs movlenas msofli­os arcerT qveyanaSi ar aqvs adgili. metic, maTi TqmiT, saqarTvelos istoriaSi arsebuli praqtika, rodesac Siitebi da sunitebi erT sam­locveloSi loculobdnen, sabWoTa kavSiris dros ganxorciele­buli Zaladobrivi politikis Sedegia. imis miuxedavad, rom bolo debuleba Seesabameba obieqtur realobas, gaurkvevelia, Tu ratom

religiur-politikur mizezTa gamo sammarTvelosTan TanamSromlobaze uari ganacxada qvemo qarTlis da aWaris regionebSi moqmedma ramdenime religiurma organizaciam da calkeulma sasuliero pirma.

kvlevis dros araerTma respondentma aRniSna is faqtic, rom erT-erTi damfuZnebeli iyo marTlmadidebeli qristiani, rac apriori miuRebeli gaxldaT muslimi mrevlis wevrebisaTvis.

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aris SeuZlebeli an ratom ar unda xdebodes saxelmwifos mxridan, saxelmwifoebrivi interesebidanve gamomdinare, ukve fesvgadgmuli Tanacxovrebis tradiciis SenarCunebis xelSewyoba. gansakuTrebiT, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT regionSi da zogadad, saerTaSoriso arenaze ar­sebul viTarebas.

sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos saqmianobis war­matebis sazomad SegviZlia miviCnioT dResdReobiT muslimuri Temis winaSe arsebuli ori mTavari saWiroebis dakmayofileba.

pirveli – saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli islamuri religi­uri saswavleblebis qveynis ganaTlebis sistemaSi CarTva da qveyana­Si umaRlesi religiuri ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyo­fa. amasTan dakavSirebiT sammarTvelos ukve gadaeca Senoba baTumSi, romlis bazazec daigegma axali umaRlesi saswavleblis Camoyalibe­ba; agreTve dagegmilia q. Tbilissa an q. rusTavSi meore institutis gaxsna. am mosazrebas mxars uWers religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saa­gento, Tumca ewinaaRmdegeba samoqalaqo sazogadoebis nawili. isini miiCneven, rom calke institutebis Seqmna muslimuri Temis danarCeni qarTuli sazogadoebisgan daSorebis kidev erTi mizezi iqneba. maTi azriT, umjobesia Seiqmnas ukve arsebul universitetebSi calke kaT­edrebi, rac xels Seuwyobs saerTo sauniversiteto sivrceSi muslimi axalgazrdebis CarTulobis gazrdas.

meore mniSvnelovani Temaa qalaq baTumSi meCeTis sakiTxis gadaW­ra. dReisTvis, adgilobrivi mrevlis TqmiT, e.w. centralu­ri jame veRar itevs mlocvel­Ta raodenobas. isini gamodian axali meCeTis mSeneblobis ini­ciativiT, rasac ewinaaRmdegeba religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento. maT SesTavazes adgi­lobrivebs ukve arsebuli meCe­Tis gafarToebis gegma. kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom sakiTxi

sakmaod kompleqsuria da moicavs sxvadasxva urTierTbraldebas. Ses­abamisad, saWiroa, rom saagentosa da sammarTvelos warmomadgenlebma, mrevlTan TanamSromlobiT, SeZlon SeTanxmebis miRweva. adgilobriv mrevlTan interviuebis dros gamoikveTa, rom Tavis droze qveynis ukve yofilma premier­ministrma biZina ivaniSvilma gamoTqva mzaoba axali meCeTis mSeneblobaze da gasca Sesabamisi winasaarCevno piroba.

dReisTvis, adgilobrivi mrevlis TqmiT, e.w. centraluri jame veRar itevs mlocvelTa raodenobas. isini gamodian axali meCeTis mSeneblobis iniciativiT, rasac ewinaaRmdegeba religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento.

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Tumca, rogorc gamocdileba gviCvenebs, am sakiTxis gaWianureba daka­vSirebulia mraval politikur faqtorTan.

Sejamebis saxiT unda iTqvas, rom zemoxsenebuli problemebisa da gamowvevebis fonze sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos esaWiroeba saxelmwifos politikuri, finansuri da sxva saxis mxardaW­era. Sesabamisad, misi saqmianobis xelisuflebisgan sruli gancalkev­eba uaxloes momavalSi naklebad savaraudoa; metic, Sida resursebis simwiris fonze, SeiZleba damRupvelic iyos. amave dros, mniSvnelova­nia saxelmwifosa da sammarTvelos mzaoba organizaciis maqsimaluri avtonomiurobis uzrunvelsayofad. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, didia TemSi legitimurobis dakarvis safrTxe.

saqarTvelos sapatriarqo da muslimuri Temi

mosaxleobis 2014 wlis sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos mosaxleoba Seadgens 3 713 804 adamians. aqedan 3 097

573 adamiani marTlmadidebelia, rac miuTiTebs imaze, rom mosaxle­obis absoluturi umravlesoba erT religiur denominacias miekuT­vneba.1 saerTaSoriso respublikuri institutis (IRI) mier 2014 wels Catarebulma kvlevam cxadyo, rom qveyanaSi yvelaze san­do instituti eklesiaa; ase­Tad igi gamokiTxulTa 94% daasaxela.2 NDI­is 2015 wlis gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad, patri­arqisadmi ndoba gamokiTxul­Ta 87% gamoxata.3

zemoT mocemuli statis­tikuri monacemebi cxadyofs imas, rom eklesias (institu­ti) da patriarqs (pirovneba) aqvT didi zegavlena ara mxolod sa­kuTar mrevlze, aramed zogadad qarTul sazogadoebaze; maT Soris

1 ix. mosaxleobis ganawileba regionebisa da aRmsareblobis mixedviT, 2014w., mosaxleobis 2014 wlis sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebi, saqstati, bmuli: http://cen-sus.ge/ge/results/census

2 ix. kvlevis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, 94% yvelaze sando institutad eklesias miiCnevs, GeorgianPress, bmuli: http://georgianpress.ge/com/news/view/1781?lang=1

3 ix. NDI­s kvlevebis mixedviT, patriarqis reitingi iklebs, 2015, eleqtronu­li gazeTi ­ netgazeTi, bmuli: http://netgazeti.ge/news/40880/

saerTaSoriso respublikuri institutis (IRI) mier 2014 wels Catarebulma kvlevam cxadyo, rom qveyanaSi yvelaze sando instituti eklesiaa; aseTad igi gamokiTxulTa 94% daasaxela. NDI-is 2015 wlis gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad, patriarqisadmi ndoba gamokiTxulTa 87% gamoxata.

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– qveynis wamyvan politikur pirebze. Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos sa­patriarqos SeuZlia mniSvnelovani roli iTamaSos muslimuri Temis integraciis procesSi.

unda aRiniSnos, rom sapatriarqom sakmaod „indiferentuli“ damokidebuleba gamoavlina mus­limTa sammarTvelos dafuZnebis mimarT. Tavad muslimTa sammarT­velos liderTa ganmartebiT, amis erT­erTi mizezia is, rom saqa­rTvelos kaTolikos­patriarqs axlo urTierTobebi aqvs kavka­siis muslimTa sammarTvelos xelmZRvanel alah Suqur faSazadesTan, romelmac centraluri mTavrobis mxardaWeriT saqarTvelos muslim­Ta sammarTvelos Seqmna Tavidanve aRiqva, rogorc saqarTvelos mus­lim mosaxleobaze gavlenis dakargvis faqti. meore mizezia is, rom saqarTvelos sapatriarqo konfesiuri konkurenciis TvalsazrisiT ufrTxis da uaryofiTad uyurebs saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTve­los iuridiuli statusis amaRlebas da faqtobrivi gavlenis gazrdis SesaZleblobas.1

gamokiTxul eqspertTa az­riT, patriarqi da eklesiis warmomadgenelTa umravlesoba dadebiTad ekideba muslimuri Temis qarTul sazogadoeba­Si integraciis process. Tum­ca udavoa, rom saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis SigniT gansxvavebuli Sexed­ulebebis mqone jgufebi arse­bobs. maTgan garkveuli nawi­li ar gamoirCeva muslimuri mrevlisadmi SemwynareblobiT

da mizanmimarTul agresiul kampanias awarmoebs aWaris regionSi, gan­sakuTrebiT, mis mTian mxareSi.

sakiTxavia, Tu ra zogad politikas mimarTaven qveynis wamyvani religiuri denominaciis warmomadgenlebi, radgan xSiria SemTxveva, rodesac eklesiis muslimuri Temisadmi oficialuri pozicia ewi­

1 ix. aTasobiT adamianma religiuri umciresobebis samarTlebriv statusze kanoni gaaprotesta, 2011w., sivil jorjia, bmuli: http://civil.ge/geo/article.php?id=24311

gamokiTxul eqspertTa azriT, patriarqi da eklesiis warmomadgenelTa umravlesoba dadebiTad ekideba muslimuri Temis qarTul sazogadoebaSi integraciis process. Tumca udavoa, rom saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis SigniT gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebis mqone jgufebi arsebobs.

unda aRiniSnos, rom sapatriarqom sakmaod „indiferentuli“ damokidebuleba gamoavlina muslimTa sammarTvelos dafuZnebis mimarT.

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naaRmdegeba realobaSi ganxorcielebul qmedebebs da misi warmomad­genlebis pirad Sexedulebebs. kvlevis dros Catarebuli interviue­bidan ikveTeba tendencia, rom saqarTvelos sapatriarqo, rogorc wesi, ixsnis pasuxismgeblobas am Temisadmi eklesiis calkeuli ier­arqebis arakoreqtul gamonaTqvamebsa da arc Tu iSviaTad agresiis aSkara gamovlinebebze. aseTi damokidebulebiT xdeba siZulvilis enis iribi waxaliseba.

SesaZlebelia, rom sayovelTaod cnobili religiuri Seuwyn­areblobis faqtebi, romlebic gamovlenili iyo marTlmadidebeli mrevlisa da zogierTi sasuliero piris mxridan, gamoxatavdes saqa­rTvelos sapatriarqos mxolod umciresobis pozicias. Tumca maSin gaurkvevelia, Tu ratom ar Cans umravlesobis mxridan am mavne saqmia­nobis CaxSobis mcdelobebi.

Tavis mxriv, sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos mi­aCnia, rom religiaTSorisi konfliqtebis prevenciis da efeqtiani reagirebis TvalsazrisiT uaRresad mniSvnelovani iqneboda marTl­madidebeli eklesiisa da sammarTvelos, qveynis ori yvelaze msxvili konfesiis, liderTa realuri dialogi, rasac sapatriarqo, rogorc wesi, Tavs aridebs xolme. muslimebi fiqroben, rom Tundac am ori kon­fesiis warmomadgenelTa mier gakeTebuli erToblivi gancxadebebi moxsnida bevr problemas da Searbilebda daZabulobas, rac period­ulad iCens xolme Tavs saqarTvelos im dasaxlebul punqtebSi, sadac Sereuli marTlmadidebeli da muslimi mosaxleoba cxovrobs.

sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelo xSirad xelisu­flebis warmomadgenel­Ta xist damokide bulebas muslimi mosaxleobis pro b lemebisadmi imiT xsnis, rom saxelmwifo mo­xeleebi iZulebulni arian angariSi gauwion marTl­madidebeli eklesiis po­zicias sxva religiis warmomadgenlebTan mi ma­rTebiT.

Sejamebis saxiT unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos marTlmadidebelma eklesiam unda gaiaz­ros sakuTari wili pasuxismgebloba muslimuri Temis integraciis

sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelo xSirad xelisuflebis warmomadgenelTa xist damokidebulebas muslimi mosaxleobis problemebisadmi imiT xsnis, rom saxelmwifo moxeleebi iZulebulni arian angariSi gauwion marTlmadidebeli eklesiis pozicias sxva religiis warmomadgenlebTan mimarTebiT.

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sakiTxSi da pozitiuri roli iTamaSos am procesSi. dReisTvis qar­Tuli eklesiisa da patriarqis saqmianoba gansjis sagania. erTi mxriv, oficialur doneze gakeTebul gancxadebebSi isini mxars uWeren mus­limebis erTian qarTul sazogadoebaSi SenarCunebuli religiuri identobiT CarTulobas, xolo meore mxriv, maTi warmomadgenlebi xSi­rad agresiul prozelitarizms ewevian.

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saqarTveloSi warmodgenili arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

saqmianoba muslimur TemTan mimarTebiT

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69

organizaciebis saqmianobis zogadi aRwera

saqarTveloSi mimdinare sxvadasxva integraciuli procesis efeqtianoba metwilad saxelmwifo uwyebebis muSaobiT ganisaz­

Rvreba. amavdroulad, mniSvnelovania am mimarTulebiT arasamTav­robo organizaciebis CarTulobac. saqarTveloSi moqmedi arasam­Tavrobo organizaciebis saqmianoba sakmaod mravalferovania. aseve gansxvavebulia maTi dafarvis arealic.

aRniSnuli kvleva miznad isaxavda saxelmwifo uwyebebTan erTad im arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis Seswavlasac, romlebic pirdapir an iribad gavlenas axdenen muslimuri Temis integraciaze. sakiTxis Seswavlis mizniT gaimarTa ocamde arasamTavrobo organi­zaciis warmomadgenelTan Sexvedra; maT Soris TbilisSi, baTumSi, mar­neulsa da duisSi.

pirobiTad arasamTavrobo organizaciebi SeiZleba daiyos saqmi­anobis arealisa da kompetenciis mixedviT. maTi nawili regionuli masStabisaa, nawili ki q. TbilisSia ganTavsebuli da saqarTvelos farglebSi gansxvavebul aqtualur sakiTxze muSaobs. regionebSi mo­qmedi organizaciebis umravlesoba saganmanaTleblo proeqtebs axo­rcielebs, xolo TbilisSi ganTavsebuli organizaciebis saqmianoba ufro farToa da moicavs aramxolod saganmanaTleblo, aramed ufle­badamcvel mimarTulebasac.

TbilisSi warmodgenili organizaciebi

TbilisSi moqmedi organizaciebi, romlebic tolerantobi­sa da religiuri gaerTianebebis uflebebis mxardaWeraze

muSaoben, aseve sistematurad swavloben sxvadasxva konfesiis da maT Soris muslimuri Temis warmomadgenlebis uflebriv mdgomareobas saqarTvelos sxvadasxva regionSi. axorcieleben samarTlebriv kon­sultaciebs, sasamarTloSi warmomadgenlobas da saxelmwifo struq­turebTan problemebis advokatirebas.

kvlevis farglebSi Sexvedrebi gaimarTa `adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis~ (IMC­is) da `tolerantobisa da mraval­ferovnebis institutis~ (TDI­is) warmomadgenlebTan. respondentebi mwvave problemad asaxelebdnen bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi qristian­ul da muslimur mosaxleobas Soris dapirispirebis SemTxvevebs da

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am ukanasknelTa mimarT samarTaldarRvevebis konkretul faqtebs asaxelebdnen. aRniSnul organizaciebs Seswavlili aqvT 2013­2015ww. religiur niadagze momxdari dapirispirebebis SemTxvevebi. aseve, isi­ni ganagrZoben qarTveli muslimebis winaaRmdeg ganxorcielebuli agresiis faqtebis Seswavlas da adgilobrivi mosaxleobis momarTvis SemTxvevaSi maTTvis samarTlebrivi daxmarebis gawevas.

islamuri konfesiis mimdevarTa uflebrivi mdgomareobis Seswav­lis mizniT, aRniSnuli organizaciebi atareben kvlevebs da rekomen­daciebiT mimarTaven Sesabamis saxelmwifo uwyebebs. isini cdiloben problemebisa da aqtualuri Temebis sajaro sivrceSi gamotanas da amiT rogorc sazogadoebriv azrze, ise saxelmwifo struqturebis saqmianobis efeqtianobaze gavlenis moxdenas.

IMC­is mier 2013 wels Catarebuli kvleva `sekularizmis krizisi da loialoba dominanti jgufebis mimarT“ aanalizebs saxelmwifo uw­yebebis rols 2012­2013 wlebSi saqarTveloSi gamovlenili religiuri konfliqtebis mogvarebaSi. kvlevis farglebSi yuradReba gamaxvil­da saxelmwifo institutebis mier dominanturi religiuri jgufis mimarT upiratesi damokidebulebis faqtebze da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis araefeqtian muSaobaze religiur niadagze warmoSobili konfliqtebis gadawyvetis sakiTxebSi.1 identur daskvnas akeTebs TDI (2014 wlis kvlevaSi `religiuri diskriminaciisa da konstituciuri sekularizmis kvleva saqarTveloSi“) Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, iusticiis saministrosa da sasamarTlos saqmianobis Sefasebisas. uflebadamcvelebi gamodian rekomendaciiT, gamkacrdes sisxlis

samarTlis politika religiuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT Cade­nil danaSaulze.2

TDI­is mkvlevrebis mxri­dan religiis sakiTxTa saxel­mwifo saagentoc xSirad xdeba kritikis obieqti. magaliTad,

isini saubroben saagentos mandatis gaumWvirvaleobaze, romelic damatebiT sirTuleebs qmnis. kerZod, gaugebaria misi rekomenda­ciebis samarTlebrivi da politikuri mniSvneloba, gansakuTrebiT ma­Sin, rodesac rekomendaciis adresati iqneba ara mTavroba, romelic

1 ix. sekularizmis krizisi da loialoba dominanti jgufebis mimarT, 2013w., adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centri.

2 ix. religiuri diskriminaciisa da konstituciuri sekularizmis kvleva saqa­rTveloSi, 2014w., tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis instituti, gv. 78.

uflebadamcvelebi gamodian rekomendaciiT, gamkacrdes sisxlis samarTlis politika religiuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT Cadenil danaSaulze.

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misi damaarsebelia, aramed adgilobrivi TviTmarTvelobis organoe­bo da sxva organiza ciebi.1

aseve, keTdeba sakmaod negatiuri Sefasebebi sruliad saqarTve­los muslimTa sammarTvelos damoukideblobis xarisxisa da muslimu­ri Temis avtonomiurobasTan mimarTebiT.2 aRniSnuli organizaciebis warmomadgenlebis Sefase­biT, dRemde kvlevebSi gamokveTili probleme­bisa da rekomendaciebis miuxedavad, aseve, am mimarTulebiT sakiTx­is advokatirebisa, mniS­vnelovani pozitiuri cvlilebebi ar SeiniSne­ba. amis gamo urTierToba uflebadamcvele bsa da relevantur saxelmwifo samsaxurebs Soris sakma­od daZabuli da arakon­struqciulia.

arasamTavrobo seqto ris saqmianobis kidev erTi mniSvnelovani mimarTuleba religiuri umciresobebis integraciis xelSemwyobi saganmanaTleblo programebis ganxorcielebaa. maTi mTavari mizani izolacionizmis daZlevaa. ZiriTadad, es aris samoqalaqo CarTulo­bis gaZlierebasa da sxvadasxva religiur Tu eTnikur jgufebs Soris gaucxoebis daZlevaze orientirebuli saqmianoba. am mimarTulebiT arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier xorcieldeba araerTi sakiTxis lobireba ganaTlebis saministrosTan da sxva saxelmwifo uwyebebTan.

ganaTlebis saministrosa da saganmanaTlebo sferoSi moRvawe arasamTavrobo organizaciebis TanamSromlobis warmatebuli maga­liTia e.w. „1+4“ programiT universitetebSi Caricxuli studentebi­sTvis profesiuli terminebis Semswavleli axali saswavlo kursebis SemoReba, romelsac „samoqalaqo integraciis da erovnebaTSorisi urTierTobebis centri“ axorcielebs. aRniSnuli organizaciis war­momadgenlis gancxadebiT, axali programa xels Seuwyobs araqarT­vel axalgazrdebs ufro martivad daZlion akademiuri programebi konkretuli profesiuli sagnebis dauflebisas. rac, Tavis mxriv,

1 ix. religiuri diskriminaciisa da konstituciuri sekularizmis kvleva saqa­rTveloSi, 2014w., tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis instituti, gv 18.

2 ix. iqve; gv. 76.

aRniSnuli organizaciebis warmomadgenlebis SefasebiT, dRemde kvlevebSi gamokveTili problemebisa da rekomendaciebis miuxedavad, aseve, am mimarTulebiT sakiTxis advokatirebisa, mniSvnelovani pozitiuri cvlilebebi ar SeiniSneba. amis gamo urTierToba uflebadamcvelebsa da relevantur saxelmwifo samsaxurebs Soris sakmaod daZabuli da arakonstruqciulia.

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gaaZlierebs maT konkurentunarianobas qarTvel axalgazrdebTan mimarTebiT.

aseve, aRniSnuli organizaciebi ganaTlebis saministros warmomad­genlebTan aqtiurad ayeneben sakiTxs saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebis im nawilebis daredaqtirebis saWiroebis Taobaze, sadac eTnikuri da re­ligiuri SuRlis gamRvivebeli pasaJebia.

arasamaTavrobo seqtori CarTulia ganaTlebis saministros mier saskolo saxelmZRvanelos ̀ me da sazogadoebis“ SemuSavebis procesSi. aRniSnuli saxelmZRvanelo mesame da meoTxe klasis moswavleebisTvis samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobaze, tolerantobasa da Semwynarebloba­ze pirveladi codnis miwodebas iTvaliswinebs. ganxilvis procesSi saqarTvelos marTmadidebeli eklesiis warmomadgenlebi gamoTq­vamdnen kritikul SeniSvnebs aRniSnuli saxelmZRvanelos garkveuli nawilebis mimarT. saministros mier gakeTebuli bolo gancxadebis Sesabamisad, saxelmRvanelos `me da sazogadoeba“ skolebSi swavleba gaurkveveli droiT gadaido.1

gaurkvevelia sxva religiuri konfesiebis, maT Soris muslimuri Temis, damokidebuleba aRniSnuli saxelmZRvanelos saskolo pro­gramaSi SetanasTan dakavSirebiT. sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos warmomadgenlebis gancxadebiT, isini ar gascnobian saxelmZRvanelos Sinaarss. Sesabamisad, gaurkvevelia ramdenad iqne­ba misaRebi aRniSnuli saxelmZRvanelo tradiciul da konservatiul muslimur TemSi da xom ar iqneba is garkveuli ukmayofilebis mizezi.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis kidev erTi prioriteti axalgaz­rdebSi samoqalaqo CarTulobis gazrdaa. am mxriv isini moicaven re­ligiuri da eTnikuri umciresobebis integraciaze mimarTul sagan­

manaTleblo da kulturul proeqtebs. gansxvavebulia organizaciaTa Tematuri CarCo, Tumca, rogorc wesi, es aris Sereuli religiuri da eTnikuri jgufebisTvis sa­leqcio kursebi, treningebi, saganmanaTleblo eqskursie­bi da a.S.

aRsaniSnavia, rom bolo ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi TbilisSi moqmedi organizaciebis gan­

1 ix. skolebSi axali sagnis – `me da sazogadoeba~ swavleba gadaido, edu.aris.ge, bmuli: http://edu.aris.ge/news/skolebshi-axali-sagnis-me-da-sazogadoeba-swavleba-gadaido.html

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis kidev erTi prioriteti axalgazrdebSi samoqalaqo CarTulobis gazrdaa. am mxriv isini moicaven religiuri da eTnikuri umciresobebis integraciaze mimarTul saganmanaTleblo da kulturul proeqtebs.

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sakuTrebuli prioriteti regionebis Car Tulobis gazrdaa, Sesabami­sad adgilobrivi specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT sxvadasxva saganmanaT­leblo da kulturuli proeqti xorcieldeba pankisSi, qvemo qarTlSi, samcxe­javaxeTsa da aWaraSi.

am mxriv aRsaniSnavia `mSvidobis, demokratiisa da ganviTarebis kavkasiis institutis“ msoflio religiaTa klubi, romelmac Tbili­sis garda zemoT CamoTvlil regionebSic daiwyo saleqcio kursebis Catareba. organizaciis warmomadgeneli kursis beneficiarebs Soris religiuri Semwynareblobisa da tolerantobis zrdaze saubrobs da kursis gavlis msurvelTa raodenobis mzard tendenciaze amaxvilebs yuradRebas. Tumca aqve aRiniSna sxva regionebTan SedarebiT aWaris axalgazrdebs Soris naklebi interesi.

qvemo qarTlSi warmodgeniliarasamTavrobo organizaciebi

saqarTvelos azerbaijanuli mosaxleobisTvis qarTul saxel­mwifoSi integraciis gzaze mTavar gamowvevas ara religiuri,

aramed, metwilad, eTnikuri gansxvavebuloba warmoadgens. kerZod, mi­uxedavad regionSi mimdinare pozitiuri procesebisa, mTavar proble­mad kvlav qarTuli enis arasakmarisi codna da masTan dakavSirebuli barierebi saxeldeba.

Sesabamisad, qvemo qarTlSi warmodgenili ara samTavrobo organi­za ci ebis udidesi nawilis prioriteti qarTuli enis Semswavleli programebia. saswavlo kursebis umravlesoba axalgazrdebze orien­tirebulia da didi moTx­ovniTac sargeblobs. mag­aliTisTvis, marneulis axalgazrduli centris warmomadgenlis gancxa­debiT, organizacias qa­rTuli enis swavlebis kursebze wlis ganmavlobaSi 300­ze meti beneficiari hyavs. respon­dentis SefasebiT, aqedan kursdamTavrebulTa 20% eufleba qarTul enas srulyofilad, 50% ki – sasaubro dones. gansakuTrebuli aqcenti keTdeba soflebSi mcxovrebi axalgazrdebis CarTulobis gazrdaze.

qvemo qarTlSi warmodgenili arasamTavrobo organizaciebis udidesi nawilis prioriteti qarTuli enis Semswavleli programebia. saswavlo kursebis umravlesoba axalgazrdebze orientirebulia da didi moTxovniTac sargeblobs.

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aRsaniSnavia, rom qalaqis mcxovre­blebidan soflis mosaxleobaze yuradRebis gadatana regionSi mo­qmedi sxvadasxva organizaciis pri­oritetia.

garda qarTuli enis Semswavleli kursebisa, regionSi warmodgenili

organizaciebi axorcieleben zogad saganmanaTleblo programebs, romlebic abiturientebs inglisur da rusul enebSi, maTematikasa da sxva disciplinebSi momzadebas moicavs. aseve, moqmedebs sportuli da kulturuli wreebic. es aqtivobebi, iseve rogorc enis Semswavle­li kursebi, aris ufaso. miuxedavad imisa, rom marneulSi aris aTamde sportuli saxeobis wre, sportul seqciebze 200 axalgazrdamde Tu dadis. rac Seexeba xelovnebis da kulturis mimarTulebas, aq 100­mde axalgazrda eufleba xatvas, simReras, tradiciul sakravebze da­kvras, noxebis rTvas da a.S.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis warmomadgenlebis gancxadebiT, msgavsi aqtivobebis popularizeba da mxardaWera aris metad mniS­vnelovani, vinaidan marneulSi ar arsebobs axalgazrdebisTvis Tav­Seyrisa da drois sainteresod gatarebis saSualeba. kulturuli da sportuli wreebi ki xels uwyobs axalgazrdebSi jansaRi interesis gaRvivebas. damatebiT, es aris kargi saSualeba adgilobrivi axal­gazrdebisTvis monawileoba miiRon regionul da qveynis masStabiT Catarebul konkursebSi, kulturul Tu sportul RonisZiebebSi.

saganmanaTleblo proeqtebis garda, arasamTavrobo organi­zaciebis nawili muSaobs sxva aqtualur sakiTxzec da cdilobs samoqa­laqo aqtivizmis gazrdas adgilobriv mosaxleobaSi. magaliTad, yur­adReba maxvildeba iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa naadrevi qorwinebis problema, skolamdeli saganmanaTleblo sistemis gamarTvisa an/da inkluziuri ganaTlebis danergvis saWiroeba regionSi. aRniSnul sakiTxebze `marneulis demokrat qalTa kavSiri” muSaobs. marneulSi moqmedi organizaciebis warmomadgenlebi saubroben maTi saqmianobis gansakuTrebul Sedegianobaze, maSin roca arasamTavrobo seqtoris kampaniebi da RonisZiebebi mxardaWerilia adgilobrivi TviTmmarTv­elobis mier. magaliTisTvis asaxeleben naadrevi qorwinebebis Sesaxeb xalxis cnobierebis amaRlebis kampaniis warmatebas. regionSi msgavsi socialuri kampaniebis xelSewyobiT gamoirCeva, aseve, saerTaSoriso organizacia USAID­is regionuli warmomadgenlobac.

aRsaniSnavia, rom qalaqis mcxovreblebidan soflis mosaxleobaze yuradRebis gadatana regionSi moqmedi sxvadasxva organizaciis prioritetia.

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kvlevis dros respon­dentTa nawili saubrobda imazec, rom qvemo qarTlSi momuSave saganmanaTleblo da samoqalaqo CarTulobis gaZlierebaze orientire­buli organizaciebidan mx­olod ramdenimea realurad qmediTi.

regionSi warmodgenili or ganizaciaTa finansuri mxa r damWerebi arian: azerbaijanis gazisa da navTobis kompania `SocarGeorgiaGas“, saerTaSoriso organizaciebi “USAID” da “WorldVision”, aseve sxvadasxva ucxouri warmomadgenloba saqarTveloSi, maT Soris: amerikis, azerbaijanis, poloneTis, iaponi­is, litvis diplomatiuri misiebi saqarTveloSi da sxva.

pankisis xeobaSi moqmedi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

pankisis xeoba ar gamoirCeva arasamTavrobo organizaciebis sim­ravliT, Tumca xeobaSi moqmedi organizaciebi aqtiurad arian

CarTulebi Temis cxovrebaSi. am mxriv aRsaniSnavia `kaxeTis regionu­li ganviTarebis centri“ da `samoqalaqo aqtivobebis centri“.

am organizaciebis koordinirebiT xeobaSi xorcieldeba mravali saganmanaTleblo proeqti. SemuSavebulia mosaxleobis sxvadasxva jgufze gaTvlili profesiuli gadamzadebis programebi. magaliT­isTvis, wels saqarTvelos prezidentis administraciis mxardaWer­iT, „samoqalaqo aqtivobebis centri“ pankisis xeobaSi eTnikuri qisti axalgazrdebisa da qalebis dasaqmebis xelSemwyob proeqts ax­orcielebs. proeqtis farglebSi centris adgilobriv ofisSi ramden­ime saswavlo kursi funqcionirebs: avtomobilis marTvis Teoria da praqtika; kompiuteruli saofise programebi; buRalteria saerTaSo­riso standartiT da ORIS buRalteria. proeqtis farglebSi 200–mde axalgazrdis momzadeba igegmeba.1

respondentebis gancxadebiT, bolo 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi qistur da qarTul mosaxleobaSi religiurobis gazrdam gaaZliera gaucxoeba

1 ix. CCA pankisis xeobaSi acxadebs miRebas saswavlo programebze – swavla ufasoa, 2016, kaxeTis sainformacio centri, bmuli: http://ick.ge/rubrics/education/26149-i.html

kvlevis dros respondentTa nawili saubrobda imazec, rom qvemo qarTlSi momuSave saganmanaTleblo da samoqalaqo CarTulobis gaZlierebaze orientirebuli organizaciebidan mxolod ramdenimea realurad qmediTi.

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am or jgufs Soris. Sesabamis­ad, regionuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis warmomadgen­lebi maTi saqmianobis kidev erT prioritetul mimar­Tulebad qarTvel da qist ax­algazrdebs Soris arsebuli gaucxoebis Semcirebas asaxe­

leben. aRniSnulis miRwevas ki saganmanaTleblo da kulturuli pro­eqtebiT cdiloben, romlebic mimarTulia axmetis raionis qarTvel da qist axalgazrdebze. am mimarTulebiT erT­erT win gadadgmul nabijad SeiZleba Sefasdes pankisis xeobaSi orenovani saTemo radios mauwyeblobis dawyeba (2016 wlis martidan ), romlis eTeri dabalanse­bulia da orive eTnikuri jgufisTvis aqtualur sakiTxebs moicavs.

rogorc kvlevis farglebSi gamoikve­Ta, salafizmis mim­devarTa Soris arse­bobs pretenziebi da ukmayofileba arasam­Tavrobo organi­zaciebis garkveuli aqtivobebis mimarT. am etapze ramdenime Selaparakebis SemTx­vevas Tu ar CavTvliT, isini jer Riad ar da­pirispirebian arasam­Tavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobas xeobaSi, Tumca gaurkvevelia mo­mavalSi rogor SeiZleba ganviTardes movlenebi.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis statusiT aseve daregistrirebu­lia „uxucesTa sabWo“ da „uxuces qalTa sabWo“. Tu pirvelis saqmia­noba qisti xalxis tradiciebis SenarCuneba, adaTebis dacva da pop­ularizaciaa, qalbatonebi cdiloben qalTa interesebis garSemo konsolidirebas da erToblivi ZalebiT garkveuli cvlilebebis Set­anas tradiciebad damkvidrebul socialur urTierTobebSi.

pankisis xeobaSi arsebuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebi ZiriTa­dad samoqalaqo CarTulobis gazrdaze, tradiciebis popularizaci­

respondentebis gancxadebiT, bolo 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi qistur da qarTul mosaxleobaSi religiurobis gazrdam gaaZliera gaucxoeba am or jgufs Soris.

rogorc kvlevis farglebSi gamoikveTa, salafizmis mimdevarTa Soris arsebobs pretenziebi da ukmayofileba arasamTavrobo organizaciebis garkveuli aqtivobebis mimarT. am etapze ramdenime Selaparakebis SemTxvevas Tu ar CavTvliT, isini jer Riad ar dapirispirebian arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobas xeobaSi, Tumca gaurkvevelia momavalSi rogor SeiZleba ganviTardes movlenebi.

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aze da sxvadasxva socialur­ekonomikur sakiTxze orientirebul programebs axorcieleben. xeobaSi viwrod religiur problemati ka­ze momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebi warmodgenili araa.

aWaris avtonomiur respublikaSi moqmedi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

aWaris avtonomiur respublikaSi mcxovrebi muslimi mosaxleo­bis umravlesoba gansaxlebulia aWaris agrarul da maRalmTian

nawilSi, Sesabamisad, maTi CarTuloba qveynis cxovrebaSi sakmaod Sez­Rudulia da maTi problemebis mimarT yuradRebac proporciulad dabali. regionSi warmodgenili arasamTavrobo organizaciebis ra­odenoba mcirea, xolo kompetenciis areali ki sakmaod viwro.

baTumSi muslimuri Temis sakiTxebze yvelaze aqtiurad muSaobs `qarTvel muslimTa kavSiri“. maTi prioritetuli mimarTulebebia re­ligiuri da socialuri xasiaTis proeqtebis ganxorcieleba. aRniSnu­li organizacia funqcionirebs 2001 wlidan, Tumca oficialurad daregistrirebulia 2008 wels da ZiriTadad SemowirulobebiT axo­rcielebs Tavis saqmianobas. organizacia fokusirebulia uSualod muslimi qarTvelebis problemebze.

amavdroulad, bolo aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi dawyebulma aWaris maRalmTiani regionebidan zRvispireTisken migraciam gamoiwvia aWaris urbanul nawilSi qarTveli muslimebis raodenobis zrda. Ses­abamisad, aRniSnuli organizacia aqtiurad ayenebs aWaraSi mcxovre­bi muslimebisTvis axali meCeTis aSenebis sakiTxs. „qarTvel muslim­Ta kavSiris“ xelmZRvaneli tariel nakaiZe arCeul iqna baTumSi axali meCeTis mSeneblobis sainiciativo jgufis Tavmjdomared.

regionSi integraciuli proeqtebi naklebad xorcieldeba. ro­gorc kvlevis msvlelobisas gamoikveTa, arc adgilobrivi da arc saerTaSoriso donore­bisTvis es mimarTule­ba prioritetuli araa. moZiebuli informaci­is safuZvelze Cans, rom aWaris qristian da muslim axalgazrdaTa daaxloeba­ze mxolod ramdenime or­

regionSi integraciuli proeqtebi naklebad xorcieldeba. rogorc kvlevis msvlelobisas gamoikveTa, arc adgilobrivi da arc saerTaSoriso donorebisTvis es mimarTuleba prioritetuli araa.

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ganizacia muSaobs, isic ara adgilobrivi, aramed Tbilisis ofisebi. identuri mdgomareobaa kvlevebis Catarebis mimarTulebiTac. adgi­lobrivi tendenciebis SeswavliT mxolod Tbilisis ramdenime orga­nizaciaa dakavebuli saqarTveloSi.

marneulSi warmodgenili USAID­is ofisisgan gansxvavebiT, ro­melic xels uwyobs sxvadasxva aqtualuri sakiTxis sajaro sivrceSi ganxilvas (maT Soris tradiciebis an religiuri sakiTxebis), baTumis USAID­is ofisis warmomadgenlis gancxadebiT, religiur sakiTxebze sajaro diskusiebis xelSewyoba maTTvis prioritetuli araa. Tumca, rogorc vxedavT, es sakiTxi aqtualurobas regionSi dRiTidRe sul ufro metad iZens.

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qarTuli media da misi gavlena muslimuri Temis

integraciis procesze

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centraluri mediasaSualebebis saqmianoba

Tanamedrove samyaroSi media warmoadgens informaciis mi­wodebisa da gavrcelebis erT­erT ZiriTad saSualebas. Sede­

gad, igi mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens sazogadoebrivi azris Camoyal­ibebaze. erTi mxriv, media gvevlineba, rogorc informaciis gamtari, xolo meore mxriv, mas aqvs unari sazogadoebriv sivrceSi Semoita­nos da aqtualoba SesZinos konkretul sakiTxebs. Sesabamisad, ama Tu im Temis gaSuqebis forma ganapirobebs sazogadoebis problemisadmi damokidebulebis formirebas. am procesSi rac ufro metad vlindeba sxvadasxva mizezis gamo mediis mikerZoebuloba, miT ufro rTuldeba sazogadoebaSi jansaRi msjeloba.

am mxriv arc saqarT­veloa gamonaklisi. gamo­kiTxul respondentTa azriT, qarTuli media xasiaTdeba aramdgrado­biT, arajansaRi Sida pro­cesebiT, gaumWvirvalo­biT da qveyanaSi mimdinare politikuri procesebis mimarT mowyvladobiT. kv­levisTvis mniSvnelovani iyo muslimuri Temis integraciis sakiTxSi mediis rolis da saqarTvelos muslimi mosaxleobis mis mimarT damok­idebulebis gansazRvra.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier media seqtorze sistemuri da­kvirveba mimdinareobs, ris Sedegadac xdeba darRvevebis gamovlena da Sesabamisi rekomendaciebis SemuSaveba.1

qarTuli mediasaSualebebis mravalferovnebis miuxedavad, qvey­nis mosaxleobis umravlesobisTvis televizia rCeba informaciis mi­wodeba­gavrcelebis ZiriTad wyarod.2 am mxriv sainteresoa is faqti, rom respondentTa azriT, bolo periodSi regionebSi momxdar inci­dentebze siuJetebis momzadebisas rig SemTxvevaSi moZiebuli infor­

1 ix. siZulvilis enisa da diskriminaciuli gamoxatvis monitoringi qarTul mediaSi, 2013w., media ganviTarebis fondi, bmuli: https://www.osgf.ge/files/2013/publika-ciebi%202013/Hate_Speech.pdf

2 ix. sazogadoebis ganwyoba saqarTveloSi 2015 wlis aprilis kvlevis Sedegebi Catarebuli NDI­is dakveTiT CRRC­saqarTvelos mier, 2015, NDI & CRRC, slaidi 58, bmuli: http://primetimenews.ge/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/NDI-Georgia_April-2015-Poll_Public-Issues_GEO_VF.pdf

am mxriv arc saqarTveloa gamonaklisi. gamokiTxul respondentTa azriT, qarTuli media xasiaTdeba aramdgradobiT, arajansaRi Sida procesebiT, gaumWvirvalobiT da qveyanaSi mimdinare politikuri procesebis mimarT mowyvladobiT.

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macia damaxinjebulad da arao­bieqturad miewoda mosaxleobas. am procesSi ki gadamwyvet rols mediasaSualebis politikas uka­vSireben. magaliTad, foniWalis SemTxveva, sadac dapirispire­bas erTi axalgazrdis sicocx­le emsxverpla – gavrcelebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, Selapar­akeba moxda religiur niadagze

ori gansxvavebuli islamuri mimdinareobis (Siituri da salafituri) warmomadgenlebs Soris.1 kvlevis periodSi moxda foniWalis samoqa­laqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebTan Sexvedra. maTi informaciiT, gardacvlili da mkvleli wlebis ganmavlobaSi megobrobdnen da maT Soris dapirispirebis mizezi sayofacxovrebo sakiTxi iyo. religiu­ri elferi mas qarTulma mediam SesZina mas Semdeg, rac gairkva, rom mkvleli islamis salafituri mimdinareobis warmomadgeneli iyo.

kvlevis Sedegad aseve gamovlinda SemTxvevebi, rodesac masmedia ar aSuqebda mniSvnelovan faqtebs. magaliTad, aWaraSi, cixisZirSi, sami arafxizel mdgomareobaSi myofi SeiaraRebuli samxedro piris qmedeba (isini aCerebdnen manqanebs da mZRolebs ekiTxebodnen, qris­tianebi iyvnen Tu muslimebi. Tu pasuxi es ukanaskneli iyo, mokvliT emuqrebodnen) gaaSuqa mxolod erTma sainformacio saagentom – in­terpresniusma.

vinaidan Cveni kvlevis sagans warmoadgenda aramxolod centralu­ri televiziebis saqmianobis gaanalizeba, aramed zogadad mediagare­mos Sefaseba muslimur TemTan mimarTebiT, kvlevis farglebSi Ses­wavlili iyo regionuli sainformacio saSualebebis saqmianobac.

pankisis xeoba

CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi 1990­iani wlebis meore naxevarSi mimdinare samxedro moqmedebebis fonze pankisis xeoba qarTuli da saer­

TaSoriso masmediis yuradRebis centrSi moeqca; sxvadasxva obieqtu­ri da subieqturi mizezis gamo is terorizmisadmi mowyvlad mxared gamocxadda. saqarTveloSi da kerZod pankisis xeobaSi ganxorciele­

1 ix. axalgazrda mokles, 2016, telemawyebeli rusTavi 2, bmuli: http://rustavi2.com/ka/news/35688

respondentTa azriT, bolo periodSi regionebSi momxdar incidentebze siuJetebis momzadebisas rig SemTxvevaSi moZiebuli informacia damaxinjebulad da araobieqturad miewoda mosaxleobas.

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buli cvlilebebis miuxedavad, xeobisadmi Camoyalibebuli aRqmebi/damokidebuleba ucvleli darCa. amas xels uwyoben qveynis gareT ar­sebuli aqtorebi da aseve qarTuli mediis saqmianobac.

pankisSi Catarebulma interviuebma cxadyo, rom xeobaSi masmediis mimarT, ganurCevlad mediasaSualebisa, damokidebuleba Zalze nega­tiuria. gamokiTxulTa umravlesobam gamoTqva ukmayofileba da xazi gausva sam tendencias:

upirveles yovlisa, regionuli mediasaSualebebisgan gansxvavebiT, centraluri mauwyeblebis mxridan pankisis xeobis mimarT interesis gamovlena xdeba mxolod negatiu­ri movlenebis fonze. magaliTad, ukanaskneli ramdenime wlis ganmav­lobaSi momzadda araerTi adgilo­brivi da saerTaSoriso siuJeti, romelSic pankisis xeobaze saubari mimdinareobda saerTaSoriso ter­orizmis konteqstSi. miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmwifo uwyebebisa da arasamTavrobo seqtoris xelT arsebuli informaciis safuZvelze, pankisis xeobis gansakurebuli CarTuloba saerTaSoriso terorizmSi ar dastur deba.

meore – xdeba adgilze mopovebuli informaciis damaxinjeba. adg­ilobrivi mosaxleobis SefasebiT, erTi mxriv, mediasaSualebebis war­momadgenlebi xeobaSi midian winaswar momzadebuli Temis siuJetiT da adgilze misi Sesatyvisi masalis mopovebas cdiloben; meore mxriv, Jurnalistebi adgilobrivi mosaxleobis mier miwodebul informa­cias amaxinjeben.

ikveTeba mesame tendenciac – xeobaSi mimdinare pozitiuri cvl­ilebebis ignorireba. magaliTad, yuradReba ar maxvildeba xeobaSi kriminogenuri situaciis radikalur gaumjobesebaze. adgilobrivi mosaxleoba aRniSnavs, rom bolo 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi xeobaSi mkvle­loba ar momxdara. xolo 1990­iani wlebis mdgomareobisgan gansxvave­biT, srulad aRmoifxvra narkodanaSaulTan dakavSirebuli proble­mebi.

respondentebma mxolod erTi SemTxvevis gaxseneba SeZles, rodesac centralurma mediasaSualebebma gansxvavebuli rakursiT warmoadg­ines es mxare. kerZod, telekompania imedis mier momzadebul siuJetSi

upirveles yovlisa, regionuli mediasaSualebebisgan gansxvavebiT, centraluri mauwyeblebis mxridan pankisis xeobis mimarT interesis gamovlena xdeba mxolod negatiuri movlenebis fonze.

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qistebis Sesaxeb gaSuqda adgilobrivebis adaTebi da wes­Cveulebebi.1 2 maTi azriT, amgvari midgoma xels uwyobs xeobis integraciis process da angrevs wlebis ganmavlobaSi Camoyalibebul kliSeebs.

daskvnis saxiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom qarTuli mediis saqmianoba pankisis xeobis mosaxleobis mier uaryofiTad fasdeba. siuJetebis umravlesobis mizania skandaluri informaciis mopoveba da misi maqsi­malurad tiraJireba, rac Sedegad aZlierebs xeobisa da saqarTvelos danarCeni mosaxleobis gaucxoebas da ewinaaRmdegeba saxelmwifos mier warmarTul integraciul politikas.

aWaris regioni

iqidan gamomdinare, rom aWaris regioni warmoadgens avtonomiur respublikas Sida struqturebiTa da resursebiT, muslimuri

Temis problemebis gaSuqeba sainformacio badeSi ufro srulfasova­nia. amas isic ganapirobebs, rom arsebobs araerTi adgilobrivi medi­asaSualeba, romelic uzrunvelyofs obieqturi informaciis mopove­basa da mosaxleobisadmi miwodebas. es ki arTulebs centraluri media saagentoebis mier masalis interpretirebis SesaZleblobas.

respondentebi aRniSnaven, rom bolo ramdenime welia mediam aqtiurad daiwyo mus­limi Temis problemebis Se­swavla, mzadde ba neitral­uri siuJetebi da gaSuqebac obieqturad da adekvaturad xdeba. amas imiT xsnian, rom mediakompaniebis regionuli

warmomadgenlebi aWaris avtonomiur respublikaSi adgilobrivi Jur­nalistebi arian, romlebic icnoben regionis specifikas.

kvlevisas gamoikveTa, rom aWaris regionSi mcxovrebi muslimuri TemisTvis umTavresi problema qalaq baTumSi axali meCeTis mSeneblo­bis sakiTxia. maTive SefasebiT, mediasaSualebebi am sakiTxis gaSuqebas sakmaris dros uTmoben.

1 ix. „yvelaze idumali adgili, pankisis xeoba, nawili 1“, sxva rakursi gia ja­janiZesTan, bmuli: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQcJs68NtME

2 ix. „yvelaze idumali adgili, pankisis xeoba, nawili 2“, sxva rakursi gia ja­janiZesTan, bmuli: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DXHkWt-K9Mc

respondentebi aRniSnaven, rom bolo ramdenime welia mediam aqtiurad daiwyo muslimi Temis problemebis Seswavla, mzaddeba neitraluri siuJetebi da gaSuqebac obieqturad da adekvaturad xdeba.

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qvemo qarTli

qvemo qarTlSi, arsebuli specifikidan gamomdinare, sirTulee­bic gansxvavebulia. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, am regionis muslim­

uri Temis warmomadgenlebi azerbaijanelebi arian, romelTaTvis mTavar gamowvevad qarTuli enis srulyofilad codnis sakiTxi rCeba. aqedan gamomdinare, mediis mimarT damokidebuleba calsaxad indif­erentulia. gamokiTxul respondentTa umravlesobam aRniSna, rom enis ucodinarobis gamo isini praqtikulad mibmulni arian azerbai­janul arxebze, romelTa translireba satelitiT xorcieldeba.

respondentebma ganacxades, rom moxarulni iqnebodnen, Tu qar­Tul mediasivrceSi gaCndeboda rusulenovani gadacemebi. maT aseve gaixsenes paata zaqareiSvilis idea,1 romlis Tanaxmadac is moxaruli iqneboda, Tu romelime mediasaSualeba iTavebda am sakiTxs da Sida au­ditoriisTvis rusu­lenovan arxs gaxsnida.

regionuli media­saSualebebis sisuste da adgilobriv mosax­leobaSi qarTuli enis codnis dabali done xels uSlis marneulis raionis Tematikis aqtualizacias centraluri telearxebis sainfor­macio badeSic.

* * *rogorc kvlevam cxadyo, qarTuli mediis roli muslimuri Temis

integraciis procesSi araerTgvarovania. eqspertebi Tanxmdebian, rom arsebobs profesionalizmis, codnis da nebis deficiti, rac xSi­rad xels uwyobs araobieqturi informaciis gavrcelebas. Sedegad, sazogadoebaSi yalibdeba mcdari da arajansaRi Sexedulebebi. media orientirebulia skandalsa da piarze. misi saqmianobiT ukmayofiloni arian aramxolod saxelmwifo uwyebebi, aramed arasamTavrobo seqto­ris warmomadgenlebic; xolo muslimuri Temis damokidebuleba gansx­

1 ix. kaxiSvili, n., 2016, zaqareiSvili: rusulenovani arxis gaxsna am etapze mx­olod ideaa, eleqtronuli gazeTi – netgazeT, bmuli: http://netgazeti.ge/news/95147/

regionuli mediasaSualebebis sisuste da adgilobriv mosaxleobaSi qarTuli enis codnis dabali done xels uSlis marneulis raionis Tematikis aqtualizacias centraluri telearxebis sainformacio badeSic.

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vavdeba regionebis mixedviT. iq, sadac adgilobrivi media saSualebebi ganviTarebulni arian, centraluri media saagentoebis saeTero bade­Si gaSuqebis xarisxic ufro maRalia, rac ganapirobebs adgilobrivi muslimuri Temis dadebiT damokidebulebas (aWara); xolo sadac aseT viTarebas ar vxdebiT, centraluri mauwyeblebi saerTod ar aSuqeben regionul Tematikas (marneuli) an, xSir SemTxvevaSi, gaSuqeba tenden­ciuria (pankisis xeoba).

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rekomendaciebi

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m i z a n S e w o n i l i a :1. gadaixedos muslimur TemTan mimarTebaSi arsebuli politika.

saxelmwifom sasurvelia Camoayalibos TiToeuli regionuli muslim­uri Temis Taviseburebebidan gamomdinare gansxvavebuli midgomebi.

2. saxelmwifom warmarTos Tanmimdevruli da mdgradi integraci­uli politika. unda xdebodes arsebuli proeqtebis bolomde miyvana da analizi. saxelmwifom aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT unda Ca­moayalibos grZelvadiani xedva, romelic ar daeqvemdebareba poli­tikur koniunqturas.

3. saxelmwifom uzrunvelyos arsebuli sakanonmdeblo aqtebis praqtikaSi srulfasovani danergva.

4. muslimi Temis integraciis sakiTxSi CarTul aqtorebs Soris Ta­namSromlobis gaRrmaveba. sasurvelia regularulad xdebodes xedve­bis, informaciis gacvla.

5. saxelmwifom gamoiyenos da SeinarCunos mis uwyebebSi ukve ar­sebuli resursebi da profesionaluri kadrebi, rac xels Seuwyobs muslimi Temis CarTulobis garSemo dagrovebuli gamocdilebisa da codnis efeqtian danergvas.

6. muslimi Temis warmomadgenlebis saxelmwifo uwyebebSi da poli­tikur procesebSi CarTulobis gazrda; aseve, muslimi mosaxleobiT kompaqturad dasaxlebul raionebSi adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobis organoebSi maTi Sesabamisi warmomadgenlobis xelSewyoba.

7. saWiroa meti niWieri da ganaTlebuli muslimi axalgazrdis mozidva saxelmwifo samsaxurSi Temis srulfasovani integraciis daC­qarebis TvalsazrisiT.

8. ganisazRvros saqarTveloSi arsebuli yvela meCeTis iuridiuli statusi da maTi sakuTrebis formebi, rac met sicxades Seitans isl­amuri Temis organizaciul­struqturuli funqcionirebis sakiTxSi. aseve, sakanonmdeblo doneze daregulirdes axali meCeTebis mSeneb­lobis nebarTvis gacemis sakiTxi.

9. saxelmwifom biZgi misces ganaTlebis saministroSi jansaRi pro­cesebis wamowyebas da uzrunvelyos misi depolitizacia.

10. gadaixedos xelisuflebasa da eklesias Soris arsebuli urT­ierTobebis praqtika; Semcirdes dominanturi religiuri institutis zegavlena saxelmwifo moxeleebze.

11. moxdes am procesebSi masmediis rolis gaanalizeba da am mimar­TulebiT saqmianobis gaaqtiureba.

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r e l i g i i s s a k i T x T a s a x e l m w i f o s a a g e n t o m :1. saagentos saqmianobisadmi skepticizmis Semcirebas xels Seu­

wyobda sakuTari rigebis gadaxaliseba da iseTi pirovnebebis CarTva, romlebic sazogadoebaSi ndobiT sargebloben an unda moxdes saqmia­nobis iseTi saxiT warmarTva, rom arsebuli eWvebi gaqarwyldes.

2. saagentom xeli Seuwyos sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sam­marTvelos avtonomiurobas.

3. droulad gasces rekomendaciebi da maqsimalurad daicvas saku­Tari Sexedulebebi.

4. pankisis xeobaSi muslimuri Temis nawilis gaTiSvis Tavidan asac­ileblad SeimuSavos xeobaSi gavrcelebul salafitur mimdinareobas­Tan TanamSromlobis formatebi.

5. uzrunvelyos baTumSi axali meCeTis mSeneblobis irgvliv jansa­Ri da konstruqciuli dialogis warmarTva.

6. moaxdinos drouli reagireba aWaris regionSi saqarTvelos dom­inanturi denominaciis gadacdenebze da am sakiTxze gamarTos sapa­triarqosTan diskusiebi.

g a n a T l e b i s a d a m e c n i e r e b i s s a m i n i s t r o m :1. xeli Seuwyos ganaTlebis sistemaSi mudmivi reformebis tradici­

is Sewyvetas.2. sxvadasxva aqtorTan urTierTTanamSromlobiT Camoayalibos ga­

naTlebis sistemis Sesabamisi grZelvadiani xedva, strategia da samo­qmedo gegma.

3. SeimuSavos grZelvadiani proeqtebi da ganaxorcielos efeqtiani monitoringi; moxdes axal gamowvevebTan misadageba.

4. moaxdinos muslimuri sasuliero saswavleblebis ganaTlebis sistemaSi moqceva.

5. Seiswavlos enis saswavlo programebis efeqtianoba. uzrunve­lyos enis swavlebis mxriv adgilobriv soflis mosaxleobasTan da ufrosi Taobis warmomadgenlebTan saqmianobis gaZliereba.

6. enis saswavlo programebis Camoyalibebisas gaiTvaliswinos re­gionuli specifika; kerZod, am Tu im TemSi Tanamedrove teqnolo­giebis xelmisawvdomoba da gamoyenebis unarebi.

s a x a l x o d a m c v e l i s a p a r a t m a :1. moaxdinos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis interreligiur format­

Si CarTva.

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s r u l i a d s a q a r T v e l o s m u s l i m T a s a m m a r T v e l o m :1. uzrunvelyos saxelmwifo uwyebebisgan etapobrivi distancire­

ba da avtonomiurobis zrda. 2. xeli Seuwyos Sida organizaciuli struqturis daxvewasa da

gamarTvas; sammarTvelos saqmianobaSi Sesabamisi kvalifikaciisa da gamocdilebis mqone pirebiT dakompleqtebas.

3. iTanamSromlos saqarTvelos saxelmwifo uwyebebTan (gansa­kuTrebiT, saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrosTan) islamuri dawyebiTi da saSualo religiuri saswavleblebis akred­itaciisa da maTTvis saswavlo programebis srulyofisTvis. agreTve, xeli Seuwyos umaRlesi religiuri saswavleblis Camoyalibebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT dialogis warmarTvas da sakiTxis droulad gadawyvetas.

4. gaagrZelos muslimuri Temis im nawilTan TanamSromlobis for­matebis SemuSaveba, romelic sammarTvelos iurisdiqciis miRmaa.

s a q a r T v e l o s w m i n d a s a m o c i q u l o a v t o k e f a l u r m a m a r T l m a d i d e b e l m a e k l e s i a m :1. moaxdinos mis mier muslimuri Temis mimarT gancxadebuli Sexed­

ulebebis danergva da ganxorcieleba; kerZod, sxvadasxva regionSi mo­qmedi sasuliero pirebis saqmianobis masTan TanxvedraSi moyvana.

2. amave sasuliero pirebis mxridan gadacdenebis faqtebze drou­li reagireba da pasuxismgeblobis gaziareba.

3. xeli Seuwyos mrevlSi sxva religiuri denominaciebis mimarT tolerantulobisa da mimReblobis gaZlierebas.

s a q a r T v e l o S i m o q m e d m a a d g i l o b r i v m a d a s a e r T a S o r i s o a r a s a m T a v r o b o o r g a n i z a c i e b m a :1. gaaZlieron TanamSromloba saxelmwifo uwyebebTan. rig SemTx­

vevebSi, am urTierTobam miiRo arakonstruqciuli saxe, ris Sedega­dac zaraldeba muslimuri Temis interesebi. sasurvelia mxareebma moaxdinon poziciebis maqsimalurad konstruqciulad Sejereba, rac xels Seuwyobda am mimarTulebiT saukeTeso midgomebis SemuSavebas.

2. religiur jgufebs Soris integraciuli procesebis xelSewyo­bis mizniT mniSvnelovania, rom arasamTavrobo seqtorma xeli Seuwyos maT Sesaxeb informaciis intensiur urTierTmimocvlas. gansakuTre­biT saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi muslimi mosaxleobis, maTi tradiciebis, ritualebisa da kulturis Sesaxeb. arasamTavrobo organizaciebi unda muSaobdnen aramxolod umciresobebTan, aramed dominanturi jgufebis warmomadgenlebTanac.

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3. saqarTvelos muslimuri Temi sakmaod mravalferovania da, ro­gorc kvlevam cxadyo, mis SigniTac arsebobs azrTa sxvadasxvaoba, aseve ikveTeba komunikaciis naklebobac. Sesabamisad, mizanSewonili iqneboda arasamTavrobo organizaciebma gaiTvaliswinon es garemoe­bebi maTi saqmianobis dagegmvis dros.

4. pankisSi moqmedi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi aqtiurad cdi­loben integraciuli procesis xelSewyobas, Tumca amavdroulad gaurkvevelia Tu ramdenad misaRebia maTi saqmianoba iq arsebuli garkveuli jgufebisTvis. mizanSewonili iqneboda, rom muslimur TemTan momuSave organizaciebma meti informacia moipovon uSualod TemSi maTi saqmianobis Sefasebaze.

5. qvemo qarTlis regionis gamoklebiT saxezea adgilobrivi arasam­Tavrobo organizaciebis nakleboba. Sesabamisad, sasurveli iqneboda ukve arsebuli organizaciebis mxridan samoqalaqo aqtivizmze mimar­Tuli programebis gaZliereba.

6. mizanSewonili iqneboda qarTuli enis Semswavleli programebis xarjT­efeqturobis Sefaseba da imis dadgena Tu ramdenad Sedegiani iyo 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi ganxorcielebuli saqmianoba qvemo qarTl­Si. aucilebelia imis gaanalizeba Tu ramdenad Seesabameba am mimar­TulebiT gaweuli danaxarjebi Sedegebs da rogor iqneboda SesaZle­beli Sedegianobis gaumjobeseba.

7. mizanSewonilia muslimebiT kompaqturad dasaxlebul regioneb­Si gaZlierdes saganmanaTleblo, sportuli da kulturuli xasiaTis grZelvadiani aqtivobebi. samoqalaqo CarTuloba xels Seuwyobs inte­graciuli procesebis gaZlierebas.

8. mizanSewonilia muslimuri Temis sakiTxze momuSave arasamTav­robo organizaciebma ganaxorcielon grZelvadiani kargad dagegmili kvleviTi proeqtebi.

s a q a r T v e l o S i a r s e b u l m a a d g i l o b r i v m a m e d i a s a S u a l e b e b m a :1. moaxdinon sakuTari saqmianobis Jurnalisturi eTikis qarti­

isadmi misadageba. gansakuTrebiT sagulisxmoa es centraluri me­diasaSualebebisTvis, romlebic xSirad gamoirCevian araprofe­sionalizmiT, informaciis mizanmimarTuli damaxinjebiT da sxva arasasurveli TvisebebiT.

2. Jurnalisturi eTikis qartiis warmomadgenlebma gaaZlieron me­diasaSualebebze monitoringi da qartiis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi moax­dinon drouli da Sesabamisi reagireba.

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26. maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis erovnuli centris ofi­cialuri gverdi, bmuli: http://tpdc.gov.ge/

27. morigi vnebaTaRelvis molodinSi: `tradiciebs aRdgena sWirdeba, gare safrTxeebs – likvidacia, sazogadoebas – ganaTleba~, 2016, axali am­bebis saagento `aqcenti~, bmuli: http://accent.com.ge/

28. mosaxleobis 2014 wlis sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebi, 2016, saqarTve­los statistikis erovnuli samsaxuri, bmuli: http://census.ge/ge/results/census

29. pankisel axalgazrdebs Tavdacvis akademiaSi Casaricxad moamzadeben, 2016, speqtri, bmuli: http://speqtri.ge/component/content/article/1-news/22955-pankis-el-akhalgazrdebs-thavdacvis-akademiashi-chasarickhad-moamzadeben

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31. religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos angariSi 2014 wlis ivni­si­dekemberi, 2014, religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento, bmuli: http://reli-gion.geo.gov.ge/geo/document/reports/religiis-sakitxta-saxelmtsifo-saagentos-angarishi

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33. religiuri diskriminaciisa da konstituciuri sekularizmis kvle­va saqarTveloSi, 2014w., tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis instituti, Tbilisi.

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42. saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, 2015, saqarTve­los saxalxo damcveli, bmuli: http://www.ombudsman.ge/uploads/other/3/3891.pdf

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pirveladi informaciis Segrovebisas moxda komunikacia Semdeg saxelmwifo uwyebebTan (Tbilisi):

– saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro (interviu)– ssip Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centri (interviu)– maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis erovnuli centri (in­

terviu)– sportisa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saministro sportisa da ax­

algazrdobis saqmeTa saministro saqarTvelos sportisa da axalgaz­rdobis saqmeTa saministro (interviu)

– saqarTvelos Serigebisa da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris aparati regionuli ganviTarebisa da infras­truqturis saministro (interviu)

– saqarTvelos regionuli ganviTarebisa da infrastruqturis saministro (werili)

– saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis aparati (interviu)– saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobis da socialuri dacvis samin­

istro (werili)– saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis saministro (wer­

ili)– religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento (interviu)– q. Tbilisis municipalitetis sakrebulo (interviu)

adgilobriv arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan (Tbilisi):– samoqalaqo integraciisa da erovnebaTaSorisi urTierTobebis

centri (interviu)– tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis centri (interviu)– samoqalaqo integraciis fondi (interviu)– mSvidobis, demokratiis da ganviTarebis kavkasiuri instituti

(interviu)– axalgazrdobis ganviTarebis akademia (interviu)– adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centri (inter­

viu)– saqarTvelos usafrTxoebisa da ganviTarebis centri (interviu)

saerTaSoriso organizaciebis adgilobriv warmomadgenlobebTan (Tbilisi):

– umciresobaTa sakiTxebis evropuli centris regionuli warmo­madgenloba (interviu)

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damoukidebel eqspertebTan (Tbilisi):– mamuka areSiZe (interviu)

religiur gaerTianebebTan (Tbilisi):– sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelo (interviu)– saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia (interviu)savele samuSaoebi ganxorcielda saqarTvelos 3 regionSi – qve­

mo­qarTli (marneuli), pankisi, aWara (q. baTumi, q. qobuleTi, sofeli axalSeni, sofeli Suaxevi, sofeli qeda); agreTve, zemo foniWalaSi (ekuTvnis q. Tbiliss).

q. marneulSi (qvemo­qarTli) Sexvedrebi Sedga Semdeg saxelmwifo uwyebebSi:

– marneulis municipalitetis gamgeoba (interviu)– qalaq marneulis saganmanaTleblo resurscentri (interviu)– №3 qarTuli skola (interviu)– zurab Jvanias saxelobis saxelmwifo administrirebis skolis

marneulis regionuli saswavlo centri (interviu)– q. marneulis azerbaijanuli skola (interviu)

Semdeg arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan:– azerbaijanis kulturis centri (interviu)– Cais saxli (interviu)– marneulis demokrat qalTa sazogadoeba (interviu)– samoqalaqo integraciis fondi (interviu)– marneulis axalgazrduli centri (interviu)– azerbaijanis kulturis saxli (interviu)

Semdeg saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan:– marneulis demokratiuli CarTulobis centri (USAID­is marneu­

lis ofisi) (interviu)

Semdeg religiur dawesebulebebSi:– marneulis imam huseinis meCeTi (interviu)– marneulis imam alis meCeTi (interviu)– Sexvedra aseve Sedga marneulSi mcxovrebi azerbaijanuli Temis

warmomadgenelTan: jeihun muhamed alisTan (interviu)– sofel zemo foniWalaSi Sedga Sexvedra adgilobrivi samoqalaqo

sazogadoebis warmomadgenelTan – firdousi jafarovTan (interviu)

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pankisis xeobaSi Sedga Sexvedrebi Semdeg uwyebebSi/pirebTan:– pankisis xeobis sofel duisSi municipalitetis gamgeblis warmo­

madgeneli (interviu)– musa goderZiSvili – salafituri jamaaTis pres­spikeri (inter­

viu)– skola sofel duisSi (interviu)– pankisis uxucesTa sabWo (interviu)– sunituri meCeTis imamTan (interviu)

Semdeg arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan:– kaxeTis regionuli ganviTarebis fondi (interviu)– samoqalaqo aqtivobis fondi (interviu)

aWaris regionSi Sexvedrebi Sedga Semdeg pirebTan:

q. baTumSi:– gazeT „baTumelebis“ mTavari redaqtorTan (interviu)– media palitris JurnalistTan (interviu)– SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis profesorTan (in­

terviu)– `qarTvel muslimTa kavSiris“ xelmZRvanelTan (interviu)– USAID-is adgilobrivi ofisis warmomadgenelTan (interviu)– dasavleT saqarTvelos muftTan da mis moadgilesTan (interviu)– xulos muftTan (interviu)

sofel axalSenSi:– adgilobrivi meCeTis imamTan (interviu)

sofel SuaxevSi:– adgilobrivi meCeTis imamTan (interviu)

q. qobuleTSi:– adgilobrivi pansionatis xojasTan (interviu)

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islami saqarTveloSi: politika da integracia

kvlevis angariSi

2016

aaip `kulturul urTierTobaTa centri – kavkasiuri saxli~ Tbilisi, galaktionis q. #20