Isabelita Vinuya, et al. v. Executive Secretary Alberto G. Romulo, et al., G.R. No. 162230, August 13, 2014 Resolution, Bersamin [J] Conurring !"inion, #ereno [J] Republic of the PhilippinesSUPREME COURTManilaEN BANCG.R. No. 162230 August 13, 2014ISABELITA C. VINUY A, VICTORIA C. ELA PENA, !ERMINI!ILA MANIMBO, LEONOR !. SUMA "ANG, CANELARIA L. SOLIMAN, MARIA L. #UILANTANG, MARIA L. MAGISA, NATALIA M. ALON$O, LOURES M. NAVARO, %RANCISCA M. ATENCIO, ERLINA MANALASTAS, TARCILA M. SAMPANG, ESTER M. PALACIO, MA&IMA R. ELA CRU$, BELEN A. SAGUM, %ELICIA TURLA, %LORENCIA M. ELA PENA, EUGENIA M. LALU, 'ULIANA G. MAGAT, CECILIA SANGUYO, ANA ALON$O, RU%INA P. MALLARI, ROSARIO M. ALARCON, RU%INA C. GULAPA, $OILA B. MANALUS, CORA$ON C. CALMA, MARTA A. GULAPA, TEOORA M. !ERNANE$, %ERMIN B. ELA PENA, MARIA ELA PA$ B. CULALA,ESPERAN$A MANAPOL, 'UANITA M. BRIONES, VERGINIA M. GUEVARRA, MA&IMA ANGULO, EMILIA SANGIL, TEO%ILA R. PUN$ALAN, 'ANUARIA G. GARCIA, PERLA B. BALINGIT, BELEN A. CULALA, PILAR #. GALANG, ROSARIO C. BUCO, GAUENCIA C. ELA PENA, RU%INA #. CATACUTAN, %RANCIA A. BUCO, PASTORA C. GUEVARRA, VICTORIA M. ELA CRU$, PETRONILA 0. ELA CRU$, $ENAIA P. ELA CRU$, CORA$ON M. SUBA, EMERINCIANA A. VINUYA, LYIA A. SANC!E$, ROSALINA M. BUCO, PATRICIA A. BERNARO, LUCILA !. PAYA"AL, MAGALENA LI"AG, ESTER C. BALINGIT, 'OVITA A. AVI, EMILIA C. MANGILIT, VERGINIA M. BANGIT, GUILERMA S. BALINGIT, TERECITA PANGILINAN, MAMERTA C. PUNO, CRISENCIANA C. GULAPA, SE%ERINA S. TURLA, MA&IMAB. TURLA, LEONICIA G. GUEVARRA, ROSALINA M. CULALA, CATALINA Y. MANIO, MAMERTAT. SAGUM, CARIA L. TURLA, (t )*. +, t-(+. /)0)/+t1),2 )s 3(34(.s o5 t-( 6M)*)1) Lo*)s O.g),+7)t+o,s,6 Petitioners, vs.T!E !ONORABLE E&ECUTIVE SECRETARY ALBERTO G. ROMULO, T!E !ONORABLE SECRETARY O% %OREIGN A%%AIRS ELIA OMINGOALBERT, T!E !ONORABLE SECRETARY O% 'USTICE MERCEITAS N. GUTIERRE$, ),2 T!E !ONORABLE SOLICITOR GENERAL AL%REO L. BENIPAYO, Respondents.R E S O L! " O NBERSAMIN, J.:Petitioners filed a Motion for Reconsideration# and a Supple$ental Motion for Reconsideration,% pra&in' that the Court reverse its decision of April %(, %)#), and 'rant their petition for certiorari."n their Motion for Reconsideration, petitioners ar'ue that our constitutional and *urisprudential histories have re*ected the Court+s rulin' that the forei'n polic& prero'atives ofthe E,ecutive Branch are unli$ited- that under the relevant *urisprudence and constitutional provisions, such prero'atives are proscribed b& international hu$an ri'hts and international conventions of .hich the Philippines isa part&- that the Court, in holdin' that the Chief E,ecutive has the prero'ative .hether to brin' petitioners+ clai$s a'ainst /apan, has read the forei'n polic& po.ers of the Office of the President in isolation fro$ the rest of the constitutional protections that e,pressl& te,tuali0e international hu$an ri'hts- that the forei'n polic& prero'atives are sub*ect to obli'ations to pro$ote international hu$anitarian la. as incorporated intothe la.s of the land throu'h the "ncorporation Clause- that the Court $ust re1visit its decisions in 2a$ashita v. St&er3 and 4uroda v. /alandoni5 .hich have been noted for their prescient articulation of the i$port of la.s of hu$anit&- that in said decision, the Courtruled that the State .as bound to observe the la.s of .ar and hu$anit&- that in 2a$ashita, the Court e,pressl& reco'ni0ed rape as an international cri$e under international hu$anitarian la., and in /alandoni, the Court declared that even if the Philippines had not acceded or si'ned the 6a'ue Convention on Rules and Re'ulations coverin' Land 7arfare, the Rules and Re'ulations for$ed part of the la. of the nation b& virtue of the "ncorporation Clause- that such co$$it$ent to the la.s of.ar and hu$anit& has been enshrined in Section %, Article "" of the #8(9 Constitution, .hich provides :that the Philippines;adopts the 'enerall& accepted principles of international la. as part of the la. of the land and adheres to the polic& of peace, e