Introduction to Emergency Care

Practical Session

OBJECTIVES

At the end of this session, each student should be able to:Be familiar with first aid giving’s general

sequence.Recognize first aid kit and emergency

trolley common contents.

FIRST AID GIVING’S GENERAL SEQUENCE: RAP CAB H

R = Responsiveness (استجابة)

A = Activate EMS

P = Position (وضعية)

C = Circulation

A = Airway

B = Breathing

H = Hemorrhage (نزيف)

R IS FOR RESPONSIVENESS

Is the victim conscious?

Method of Assessment: Touch the victim's shoulder, and (1) Ask if the victim is alright; and (2) Ask if the victim needs help.

o If verbalized “no”, then proceed no further

o If verbalized “yes”, or you noticed “no response” from the victim, then proceed to A

A IS FOR ACTIVATE EMS

o EMS: Emergency Medical System

P IS FOR POSITION

o If there is no spinal injury, then position according to injury.

o Do not reposition the victim if there is a possibility of spinal or neck injuries.

o However, if the victim is in a dangerous place, you can move the victim with extreme care.

o Remember, additional help can be sought.

C IS FOR CIRCULATION

o If there is no pulse, then this victim needs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).o For any victim more than 1 year old,

carotid artery pulse may be used for checking the presence of pulse.

o For any victim less than 1 year old, brachial artery pulse may be used for checking the presence of pulse.

o If you are not trained to perform CPR, then find someone who is trained.

A IS FOR AIRWAY

o Check to see if the airway is blocked.o Use your finger to sweep the mouth to

remove any seen object.

B IS FOR BREATHING

o Observe the chest for any movement of air.

o If the victim is not breathing they need rescue breathing ( انقاذ .(نفس

o If the victim is not breathing, then the victim may need head repositioning before providing rescue breathing.

o Do not provide rescue breathing unless you are trained. Instead, find someone who is trained.

H IS FOR HEMORRHAGE

If the victim is bleeding, then provide necessary care.

FIRST AID KIT COMMON CONTENTS

o Gauze Pads ( الطبي الشاش To cover - (وساداتwounds, prevent infection, and stop minor bleeding.

o Roll Gauze Bandage ( الّف_ة طبي شاش To - (ضمادةcover wounds, prevent infection, and stop minor bleeding.

o Adhesive Bandages ( الصقة To secure - (ضماداتgauzes ( الطبية .over the wounds (الشاشات

o Adhesive Tape ( الصق (تثبت) To secure - (شريطbandages to wounds.

o Scissors - To cut gauze and bandages.

FIRST AID KIT COMMON CONTENTS(CONTINUED)

o Roll Crepe Bandage ( الّف_ة شادة To - (ضمادةstabilize strains or sprains and cover wounds. A strain ( إجهاد أو is a stretched or torn (توتر

muscle or tendon (وتر). Tendons are tissues that connect muscle to bone.

Twisting or pulling these tissues can cause a strain.

A sprain (التواء) is a stretched or torn ligament (رباط). Ligaments are tissues that connect bones at a joint.

FIRST AID KIT COMMON CONTENTS(CONTINUED)

o Container - To keep all first aid items in one common container.

o Antiseptic Solution ( معقم To prevent - (سائلinfection on cuts.

o Latex Gloves ( مطاط أو التكس To - (قفازاتprotect the rescuer, victim, and bystanders from infection and blood pathogens.

FIRST AID KIT COMMON CONTENTS(CONTINUED)

o Triangular Bandages ( الشكل مثلثة To – (ضماداتsupport fractured limbs.

THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY ( عربة (طوارئ(ALSO CALLED: CRASH TROLLEY)

It is a multi drawer cabinet that contains essential medications and tools needed for emergency cases.

COMMON GOALS OF EMERGENCY TROLLEY USE

o Compromised Airway ( متضرر تنفس (مجرىo Respiratory Distress ( تنفس (صعوبةo Respiratory Arrest ( تنفس (توقفo Cardiac Arrest ( قلبية (سكتةo Drug Overdose ( مفرط بشكل دوائية جرعات (تناولo Hypoglycemia ( الدم ّفي السكر (نقصo Anaphylactic Reaction ( تحسسي ّفعل (رد

COMMON CONTENTS OF EMERGENCY TROLLEY

Oxygen Supply Defibrillator with Monitor ( مع القلب رجفان إزالة جهاز) مراقبة شاشةPortable Suction Apparatus ( محمول شفط (جهازLaryngoscope ( حنجرة (منظارForceps (مالقط)Sphygmomanometer ( الدم ضغط قياس (جهازStethoscope ( طبية (سماعةEmergency Drugs ( طارئة بحاالت خاصة (أدويةChecklist of Trolley/Cart Contents

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

External Contents: Oxygen supply.

Oxygen Regulator with flowmeter and a valve to adjust the rate of oxygen flow

Oxygen Cylinder

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

External Contents: Defibrillator with Monitor) مراقبة ) شاشة مع القلب رجفان إزالة جهاز

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

External Contents: Portable Suction Apparatus( محمول شفط (جهاز

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

Stethoscopeطبية سماعة

Sphygmomanometerالدم ضغط قياس جهاز

An instrument to measure blood pressure.  

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

Laryngoscopeحنجرة منظار

Bag Valve Mask ) للتهوية ) بكيس بحقيبة يشبك صمام به قناع

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

Pocket Mask

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

Tracheostomy Setالرغامي الشق أدوات

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

Oropharyngeal Airwaysبلعومية ّفموية أنابيب

Nasopharyngeal Airwaysبلعومية أنفية أنابيب

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

Intravenous وريدية Supplies (IV Supplies) 

I.V Cannula Butterfly

Syringes Tourniquet

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

CONTENTS OF THE EMERGENCY TROLLEY

Tongue blades

Scissorsمقصات

Thermometerحرارة ميزان

Protective gownsMasks

Kidney bowelكلوي وعاء