Introduce ASP.NET MVC 5

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Sinh vin thc hin : L Trung Tho -- MSSV: 11110126 Nguyn Th Hoa Bch MSSV: 11110009Khoa : Cng Ngh Thng TinTrng : H S Phm K Thut Tp H Ch MinhTM HIUASP.NET MVC 5BO CO TIMN: CNG C V MI TRNGPHT TRIN PHN MM

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Gii thiu MVC v ASP.NET MVC1

Xy dng ng dng Web vi MVC52

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Gii thiu MVC v ASP.NET MVC 5

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4 MVC l g ?MVC l mt mu thit k (design pattern) c s dng trong k thut phn mm. Theo ng dng c chia lm 3 phn Model, View v Controller. Mi phn c nhim v ring bit v c lp vi cc thnh phn khc.Mt s MVC Framework pht trin da trn m hnh MVC:Strut, JSF, Spring,(Java)Zend (PHP)ASP.NET MVC

Vo nhng nm 70 ca th k 20, ti phng th nghim Xerox PARC Palo Alto. S ra i ca giao din ha GUI (Graphical User Interface) v lp trnh hng i tng ( Object Oriented Programming) cho php lp trnh vin lm vic vi nhng thnh phn ha nh nhng i tng ha c thuc tnh v phng thc ring ca n. Khng dng li , nhng nh nghin cu Xerox PARC cn i xa hn khi cho ra i ci gi l kin trc MVC (vit tt ca Model View Controller). Th h tip theo ca MVC xut hin cng vi h iu hnh NeXT v cc phn mm ca n.Sau , ln lt cc MVC framework ra i da trn m hnh MVC nh: CodeIgniter, Zend, ASP.NET MVC 4

5Kin trc MVCController:Nhn yu cu t userX l v xy dng model ph hpChuyn model sang View hin thView: Nhn model t Controller to giao din ph hp v hin thModel: Cha d liu chia s gia Controller v View

- Model: c giao nhim v cung cp d liu cho c s d liu v lu d liu vo cc kho cha d liu. Tt c cc nghip v logic c thc thi Model. D liu vo t ngi dng s thng qua View kim tra Model trc khi lu vo c s d liu. Vic truy xut, xc nhn v lu d liu l mt phn ca Model.- View: Hin th cc thng tin cho ngi dng ca ng dng v c giao nhim v cho vic nhn cc d liu vo t ngi dng, gi i cc yu cu n b iu khin, sau l nhn li cc phn hi t b i khin v hin th kt qu cho ngi dng. Cc trang HTML, JSP, cc th vin th v cc file ngun l mt phn ca View.- Controller: l tng trung gian gia Model v View. Controller c giao nhim v nhn cc yu cu t pha my khch. Mt yu cu c nhn t my khch c thc hin bi mt chc nng logic thch hp t thnh phn Model v sau sinh ra cc kt qu cho ngi dng v c thnh phn View hin th. ActionServlet, Action, ActionForm, struts-config.xml l cc thnh phn ca Controller.

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6u im Nhc im ca MVCu im:Th hin tnh chuyn nghip trong lp trnh, phn tch thit kPht trin ng dng nhanh, d dng, d nng cp, bo trNhc im:i vi project nh, gy cng knh, tn thi gian trong qu trnh pht trin, tn thi gian trung chuyn d liu ca cc thnh phn

u im:-Th hin tnh chuyn nghip trong lp trnh, phn tch thit k. Do c chia thnh cc thnh phn c lp nn gip pht trin ng dng nhanh, n gin, d nng cp, bo tr module ha cc chc nng, v c xy dng nhanh chng.-MVC tch cc tc v ca ng dng thnh cc phn ring l Model, View, Controller gip cho vic xy dng ng dng nh nhng hn. D dng thm cc tnh nng mi, v cc tnh nng c c th d dng thay i. MVC cho php cc nh pht trin v cc nh thit k c th lm vic ng thi vi nhau. MVC cho php thay i trong mt phn ca ng dng m khng nh hng n cc phn khc-Kin trc MVC tch bit (decoupling) s ph thuc gia cc thnh phn trong mt i tng ha, lm tng tnh linh ng (flexibility) v tnh ti s dng (reusebility) ca i tng ha . Mt i tng ha by gi c th d dng thay i giao din bng cch thay i thnh phn View ca n trong khi cch thc lu tr (Model) cng nh x l (Controller) khng h thay i. Tng t, ta c th thay i cch thc lu tr (Model) hoc x l (Controller) ca i tng ha m nhng thnh phn cn li vn gi nguyn.-Chnh v vy m kin trc MVC c ng dng xy dng rt nhiu framework v th vin ha khc nhau. Tiu biu l b th vin ha ca ngn ng lp trnh hng i tng SmallTalk (cng do Xerox PARC nghin cu v pht trin vo thp nin 70 ca th k 20). Cc Swing Components ca Java cng c xy dng da trn kin trc MVC. -Tch r rng cc mi lin quan, m kh nng test TDD (Test Driven Developer). C th test cc thnh phn m trong ng dng m khng cn phi chy Controllers cng vi tin trnh ca ASP.net v c th dng bt k mt unit testing framework nh NUnit, MBUnit, MS Test[2, p 15]-Bao gm nh x URL mnh m: v d c th nh x a ch /Products/Edit/4 thc hin hnh ng edit ca lp iu khin ProductControllers hoc nh x a ch Blog/SomeTopic thc hin hnh ng Display Topic ca lp iu khin Blog Engine Controller.Nhc im:-i vi d n nh vic p dng m hnh MVC gy cng knh, tn thi gian trong qu trnh pht trin.

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7ASP.NET MVC vs ASP.NET WebForm

.NET Framework h tr cc loi ng dng nh desktop, web v cc ng dng console.ASP.NET framework l mt phn ca .NET framework, c xy dng nhm h tr cc ng dng Web (caching, authentication v authorization).Trong , Microsoft c 2 hng pht trin web trn nn ASP.NET l ASP.NET Webforms v ASP.NET MVC. V ASP.NET MVC ch l s thay i v mt t duy, n khng hon ton thay th cho c ng dng ASP.NET Web Forms.i vi cc lp trnh vin v ang lm vic vi ASP.NET WebForm th c mt s im nn ch ti. Th nht ASP.NET MVC khng phi l mt thay th cho ASP.NET WebForm m ch l mt chn la mi cho cc nh pht trin v ty vo tng tri nghim ca tng ngi khc nhau v ty vo s thch ring, s trng ring cc d n khc nhau cc bn chn ASP.NET MVC hay WebForm. Hai cng ngh ny c xy dng trn mt nn tng chung l ASP.NET Framework. Do nhng lp trnh vin no lm vic vi ASP.NET WebForm v quen thuc vi nhng khi nim th khi nim c th hon ton s dng li ASP.NET MVC

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8ASP.NET MVC vs ASP.NET WebFormTnh nngASP.NET WEBFORMASP.NET MVCKin trc chng trnhKin trc m hnh WebForm->Business->DatabaseKin trc s dng vic phn chia chng trnh thnh Controller, Model, ViewC php chng trnhS dng c php WebForm, tt c cc s kin v control do server qun lCc s kin c iu khin bi Controller, cc control khng do server qun lTruy cp d liuS dng hu ht cc cng ngh truy cp d liu trong ng dngPhn ln dng LINQ to SQL class to m hnh truy cp i tngDebugDebug chng trnh phi thc hin tt c bao gm cc lp truy cp d liu, s hin th, iu khin cc controlsDebug c th s dng cc unit test kim tra cc phng thc trong ControllerTc phn tiTc phn ti chm trong khi trang c qu nhiu cc controls v ViewState qu lnPhn ti nhanh hn do khng phi qun l ViewState qun l cc control trong trangTng tc vi javascripTng tc vi javascrip kh khn v cc controls c iu khin bi serverTng tc vi javascript d dng v cc i tng khng do server qun l iu khin khng kh.URL AddressCu trc a ch URL c dng .aspx?& Cu trc a ch rnh mch theo dng Controller/Action/ID

ASP.NET WebForm mang ti mt trang web m giao din c th lu gi trng thi, v cui cng thm vo mt lp tru tng tinh vi nm trn HTTP v HTML, s dng ViewState v postback to ra hiu ng ca vic c trng thi. Cc trang ASP.net u c lifecycle v dng cc web controls, cc event thc hin cc hnh ng cho UI (User Interface) khi c s tng tc vi ngi dng nn hu ht ASP.net WebForm x l chm.iu ny thch hp vi phong cch pht trin ko v th ca Window Form, tc l bn t cc i tng c giao din ln trang v m x l vo trnh x l s kin ca chng. MVC ha vo bn cht khng trng thi ca HTTP, lm vic chung vi n hn l chng li. iu ny yu cu bn phi hiu tht s cch lm vic ca mt ng dng web, t c iu , MVC cung cp mt cch tip cn n gin, mnh m v hin i cho vic vit cc ng dng web vi m c trt t m d dng kim th (test) v bo tr sau ny, gii phng nhng phc tp kh chu v cc gii hn khng ng c. iu c bit l ASP.NET MVC c m ngun m, khng ging cc nn tng trc , bn c th d dng ti m ngun gc ca ASP.NET MVC, thm ch bn c th sa i v to ra phin bn ca ring bn.C nhng tnh hung m ASP.NET WebForm kh tt thm ch cn tt hn ASP.NET MVC. V d nh cc ng dng nh, ni b m trc tip kt ni thng vo cc bng CSDL hoc dn ngi s dng thng qua cc trnh hng dn t ng (wizard). V th s khng cn phi lo lng v bng thng do ViewState, khng dnh dng ti vn ti u ha h thng tm kim, v khng b lm phin v vic kim th (test) v bo tr lu di. S tin li ca cch pht trin kiu ko th ca ASP.NET WebForm lm m i cc im yu ca n. Nhng mt khc, nu bn vit mt ng dng trn Internet, hoc cc ng dng ni b ln hn, bn s hng ti tc download nhanh v tng thch trnh duyt cho, c xy dng vi cht lng cao hn, m kin trc tt thch hp cho vic test t ng, trong trng hp ASP.NET MVC s mang li nhng u im quan trng. Vic kim tra (test), g li (debug) vi ASP.net WebForm u phi chy tt c cc tin trnh ca ASP.net, v s thay i ID ca bt k Controls no cng nh hng n ng dng. i vi MVC th vic c th s dng cc unit test c th thm nh rt d dng cc Controllers thc hin nh th no.

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9Cc phin bn ASP.NET MVCNgyPhin Bn10 -12- 2007ASP.NET MVC13 -3- 2009ASP.NET MVC 1.010 -3- 2010ASP.NET MVC 26 -10- 2010ASP.NET MVC 320 -9- 2011ASP.NET MVC 4 17 -10- 2013ASP.NET MVC 5

2.1ASP.NET MVC3-So vi phin bn ASP.NET MVC2 th tnh nng mi c h tr thm HTML5 v CSS3; tnh nng ny ch h tr cho nhng trnh duyt mi.- Ci thin v Model validation.-H tr 2 View Engine: RAZOR, ASPX, k c Open source trong khi ASP.NET MVC2 ch c ASPX.-Controller c ci tin hn nh thuc tnh ViewBag v kiu ActionResult.-Ci thin Dependency Injection vi IDpendencyResolver (c 2 phn: DependencyResolver v interface IDpendencyResolver)trong ASP.NET MVC3; y l lp thc thi m hnh Service Locator, cho php framework gi DIContainer khi cn lm vic vi 1 lp thc thi t mt kiu c th.- Cch tip cn vi JavaScript c hn ch.-H tr caching trong Partial page.2.2 ASP.NET MVC4-ASP.NET Web API ra i, nhm n gin ho vic lp trnh vi HTML hin i v y l mt ci tin mi thay cho WCF Web API.-Mc nh ca d n c ci thin hn v hnh thc b tr, gip d nhn hn.-Mu Empty Project l project trng, ph hp cho nhng tn developer mun nng cao kh nng lp trnh vi ASP.NET MVC4.-Gii thiu jQuery Mobile, v mu Mobile Project cho d n.-H tr Asynchrnous Controller.-Kim sot Bundling v Minification thng qua web.config-H tr cho vic ng nhp OAuth v OpenID bng cch s dng th vin DotNetOpenAuth.-Phin bn mi Windows Azure SDK 1.6 c pht hnh.2.3 ASP.NET MVC5-Vi MVC5 th ci tin hn so vi ASP.NET MVC4, Bootstrap c thay th mu MVC mc nh.-Chng thc ngi dng Authentication Filter c tu chnh hoc chng thc t hng th 3 cung cp.-Vi Filter overrides, chng ta c th Filter override trn Method hoc Controller.-Thuc tnh Routing c tch hp vo MVC5.-Chy trn Net 4.5, 4.5.1. V vi Visual Studio 2013 -B lc xc thc - chy trc khi cc b lc cho php trong cc ng ng dn ASP.NET MVC -Bootstrap trong cc mu MVC -ASP.NET Web API2

Kt lunNgoi nhng tin ch c ca nhng phin bn tin nhim, MVC 5 c ci tin cng nh cung cp thm nhng tnh nng mi. ASP.NET MVC 5 c tch hp sn trong Visual Studio 2013 v chy trn nn .NET 4.5, 4.5.1.

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Xy dng ng dng Web vi ASP.NET MVC 5

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12c im ASP.NET MVC 5MVC: Tch bit cc phn vic trong x l yu cu.St vi giao thc web: Khng hng s kin nh ASP.NETKhng duy tr thng tin trng thi nh ASP.NETT ng nhn din thit b: T la chn view ph hp.Razor: sinh giao din.Kiu d liu ng: ViewBag, DataView

Ci thin Ajax: Jquery+ Helper Ajax.Kim li: lp trnh1 ln p dng cho c 2 client v server.Web API: th vin web dng chn nhiu loi thit bAction Filter: kim sot cc Action.D test: d dng test cc Action ca cc ControllerNuGet: qun l cc gi m rng.c tch hp trong Visual Studio 2013 v chy trn .NET 4.5, 4.5.1

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To Project ASP.NET MVC 5

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14To project ASP.NET MVC 5M Visual Studio 2013 ->File ->New ->Project ->Templates ->Web ->Chn ASP.NET Web Application

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15Cc loi project ASP.NET MVC 5Individual User Accounts: D n Internet bao gm c phn securityNo Authentication: D n Internet khng bao gm phn securityWindows Authentication: D n Intranet bao gm c phn security nhng ti khon c qun l trn mng ni bOrganizational Accounts: D n s dng ti khon t cloud computingNgoi ra: bn c th chn Web API b sung kh nng h tr xy dng th vin web

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16Cu trc project ASP.NET MVC 5

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17Cc th mc project ASP.NET MVC 5Controllers: Cha tt c cc Controller trong ng dng. p ng yu cu n t trnh duyt, quyt nh phi lm g v phn hi kt qu.Models: Cc lp m hnh d liu c t chc nm gi v thao tc d liuViews: Cha cc mu giao din ngi dng ca ng dng

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18Cc th mc project ASP.NET MVC 5App_Data: Cha cc file c s d liu (nuc)App_Start: Cha lp c chy mt ln khi ng dng bt uContent: Cha ti nguyn tnh nh hnh nh, CSSScripts: Cha Java Script cn thit ca ng dngGlobal.asax: Tptin s kin cha cc iu khin s kin nhm kim sot vng i ca Request, Session, ApplicationWeb.config: Tp tin xml cha thng tin cu hnh ca ng dng web

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19Thm ControllerCc controller cha trong trong th mc ControllerTn ca controller phi c hu t Controller

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20Thm Action

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21Thm ViewRight Click action -> Add View

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22nh tuynPhn tch chui URL xc nh phng thc/lp no s c giMc nhin ASP.NET s dng nh dng kiu nh sau:/[Controller]/[ActionName]/[Parameters]C th thay i nh dng ny ti App_Start/RouteConfig.cs file

{controller}: tn Controller (khng bao gm phn hu t Controrller){action}: tn action mun gi{id}: l tham s id c truyn cho {action}

i s defaults mc nh ca {controller}/{action}/{id}:Controller = Home. Ch ra controller mc nh l Home. Ngha l, khi khng ch nh Controller trn Url th c hiu l Home.Action = Index. Ch ra controller mc nh l Index(). Ngha l, khi khng ch nh Controller trn Url th c hiu l Index.Id = UrlParameter.Optional: Ch ra tham s id khng bt buc. Ngha l trn url ta khng cn phi nht thit cung cp id

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23nh tuyn

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24Thm nh tuyn

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Controller

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27ControllerCc controller dng x l cc request gi n, qun l d liu c nhp bi ngi dng, tng tc v thc thi logic ng dng hp lMi controller cha cc phng thc (gi l action) v k tha lp Controller c xy dng snNhim v lp Controller Tim kim action thch hp v kim tra action c th gi c khng Ly cc gi tr c gi ln t request lm tham s cho action X l tt c cc li c th xy ra trong sut qu trnh thc thi action Cung cp lp RazorViewEngine mc nh render cc view tr v cho trnh duyt

Nn tng ASP.NET MVC nh x cc URL n cc lp c gi l controller. Cc controller c dng x l cc request gi n, qun l d liu c nhp bi ngi dng, tng tc, v thc thi logic ng dng hp l. Mt lp controller thng gi cc view sinh ra m HTML tr v cho request.

Lp c bn nht c cc controller k tha c tn l ControllerBase, lp ny cung cp cc m qun l m hnh MVC chung nht. Lp Controller c k tha t ControllerBase, v l lp mc nh dng cho vic ci t controller. Lp Controller c trch nhim:

Tm kim action thch hp gi v kim ra xem th action c th gi c hay khng. Ly cc gi tr c gi ln t request s dng nh l tham s cho cc action X l tt c cc li c th xy ra trong sut qu trnh thc thi phng thc action. Cung cp lp RazorViewEngine mc nh render cc view tr v cho trnh duyt.27

28Action Ni dungTham sTip nhn tham sRequestFormCollectioni s ActionModelAction ResultText, View, Action, Url, File, JavaScript, Json

Trong cc ng dng ASP.NET khng s dng nn tng MVC, s tng tc ca ngi dng c t chc theo cc trang v theo vic pht ra v qun l cc s kin ca trang v cc iu khin trn trang . so snh, th vi cc m hnh MVC, s tng tc vi ngi dng c t chc theo cc controllers v cc action ca chng. Lp controller s nh ngha cc phng thc action. Cc controller c th c bao nhiu action ty nhu cu.

Cc phng thc action thng c nh x 1-1 vi cc tng tc ca ngi dng. V d nh ngi dng in mt URL vo trnh duyt, hoc nhn vo mt lin kt, hoc gi ln mt form. Cc tng tc ni trn to ra request c gi ln cho server. Khi , URL ca request c gi ln s c cc thng tin m nn tng MVC s s dng tm kim v thc thi phng thc action.

Khi ngi dng g mt URL vo trnh duyt, ng dng MVC s s dng cc quy tc nh tuyn (routing rules) c nh ngha tp tin Global.asax phn tch URL v xc nh ng dn ca controller. Sau controller s xc nh action tng ng x l request.28

29Action Tham sTham s truyn di dng query string hay form fieldQuery string

Form field

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30Action Tip nhn tham s

Trong MVC c4 cchnhnthamsyucuSdngitngngmnhRequestSdngi s caActionSdngthamsFormCollectionSdngModel30

31Action Tip nhn tham sS dng Request, dng 1 trong cc cch sau:String value = Request []String value = Request.QueryString []String value = Request.Form []String value = Request.Params []

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32Action Tip nhn tham sS dng FormCollection, ch nhn c cc trng ca formTng ng cch String value = Request.Form []

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33Action Tip nhn tham sS dng i s ca action, ch nhn c cc tham s trng tnV d

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34Action Tip nhn tham sS dng ModelTo lp model cha cc thuc tnh cng tn vi tham sDng lp ny lm i s cho cc action nhn cc tham s trng tn vi thuc tnh

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35Action Action Result

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36Action Action Result

Tn Result M tHm s dngContentResultTr v chuiContent()FileContentResult/FilePathResult/FileStreamResultTr v ni dung fileFile()JavaScriptResultTr v ni dung JavaScript()JavaScript()JSonResultTr v d liu dng JsonJson()RedictResultChuyn sang URL miRedirect()

RedirectToRouteResultChuyn sang 1 action hoc 1 action ca controller khcRedirectToRoute()RedirectToAction()

ViewResultChuyn sang View hin thView()

PartialViewResultChuyn sang View hin th PartialView()

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37Action Action SelectorAction Selectors: nh du cc action[HttpPost] action s c gi khi request POST[HttpGet] action s c gi khi request GET[ActionName(name)] i tn action[ChildActionOnly] khng cho gi trc tip, ch gi qua @Html.Action()Ngoi ra c [NonAction] - nh du phng thc trong controller khng phi l action

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38Action Action FilterThc hin cc nhim v xy ra ti cc thi im thc hin khc nhau ca mt actionC th s dng lc mt action n l, cc action trong mt Controller hay tt c cc action trong projectMt s action filter[Authorize] bt buc ng nhp mi gi c action[AllowAnonymous] khng bt buc ng nhp[ValidateAntiForgeryToken] chn request gi mo[ValidateInput] cho php hay khng gi m html n actionNgoi ra c th to custom action filter

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39Data SharingChia s d liu gia cc thnh phnC th s dng cc cch sau:ViewBag, ViewDataModelSessionApplicationCookieGlobal.asax

D liu to ra thnh phn ny, c th s dng thnh phn khc39

40Data Sharing ViewBag, ViewDataDng chia s d liu t Controller sang ViewS dng dng: ViewBag.Key ViewData[Key]

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41Data Sharing ModelChia s d liu dng model: s trnh by chi tit phn sau

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42Data Sharing SessionPhin lm vic (session) c tnh t lc bt u truy cp website cho n khi ng ca s trnh duyt hoc ht hnD liu c lu vo session s c duy tr trong sut phin lm vicTruy xut session Controller: Sesion View: @Session Class bt k:HttpContext.Current.Session

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43Data Sharing SessionThao tc vi sessionMethod/PropertyM tV dAdd(Key,Value)Thm mi 1 i tng vo Session.Session.Add(Now,DateTime.Now)[Key]=ValueThm mi hoc thay th 1 i tng.Session[Cart]=new ShoppingCart()Remove(Key)Xa i tngSession.Remove(Cart)Clear()Xa sch cc i tng trong SessionSession.Clear()Abandon()Hy SessionSession.Abandon()SessionIDM ca phin lm vicVar id = Session.SessionID

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44Data Sharing ApplicationApplication c phm vi chia s trn ton ng dng, tt c cc user c th truy cpTruy xut i tng Application Controller: HttpContext.Application View: @HttpContext.Current.Application class bt k: HttpContext.Current.Application

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45Data Sharing ApplicationThao tc vi Application:Application.Add(name, value)Application[name] = Application.Remove(name)Application.Clear()Application.Lock()Application.UnLock()

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View

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48View

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49HTML5, CSS3, JQuery, BootstrapS dng HTML5, CSS3, Jquery, Bootstrap gip hin th hiu qu, hiu ng p, tng tc vi ngi dng tt hn, thn thin vi nhiu loi thit b

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50Razor ???Razor l c php lp trnh n gin, hu ch, cho php to giao din ng dng ASP.NET MVC nhanh chng, r rng v linh hot.Razor s dng c php C# hay VB.NET kt hp vi html .

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51Razor C php

52Razor C php

53Razor Helper ???Razor helper l cc thnh phn sinh giao din web ph hp vi rng buc d liu ca model duy tr thng tin trn cc thnh phn H tr n gin ha vic vit giao dinc chia lm cc nhm:Lin ktFormSinh giao din t modelKim li

54Razor Helper Lin [email protected]() dng sinh lin kt [email protected]() c cc tham sLinkText: nhn lin ktActionName: tn actionControllerName: tn controllerRouteValues: tp gi tr truyn n actionHtmlAttributes: tp thuc tnh html ca th

55Razor Helper Form

56Razor Helper Form

57Razor Helper Form

58Razor Helper nh dng

59Razor Helper nh dng s

60Razor Helper nh dng thi gian

61Razor Helper Sinh giao din ngDa vo c im ca cc thuc tnh trong lp sinh giao dinSinh giao din tng minhSinh giao din ngm nhHin th thng tin

62Razor Helper Sinh giao din ngSinh giao din tng minh: ch nh loi control i vi tng thuc tnh

Razor Helper Sinh giao din ngSinh giao din ngm nh: t sinh control ph hp vi c im thuc tnh ca modelHtml.EditorFor(m=>m.Property) Sinh1 control cho1 thuctnh.Html.EditorForModel() Sinh ton form field theo cc thuc tnh ca ModelHtml.Editor(object) Sinh ton form field theo cc thuc tnh ca Object t trong ViewBag

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Razor Helper Sinh giao din ng

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Razor Helper Sinh giao din ngCc kiu control thng dng

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Razor Helper Sinh giao din ngHin th thng [email protected](m=> m.Property) Hin th tn ca thuc tnh [email protected](m=>m.Property) Hin th gi tr cho thuc tnh [email protected]() Hin th gi tr ca tt c cc thuc [email protected]("Mail") Hin th gi tr ca tt c cc thuc tnh ca i tng trong ViewData hay ViewBag66

Razor Helper Custom helperNgoi cc helper nh sn, bn c th t to mt helper cho ring mnhS dng 1 trong cc cch sau:Static MethodExtention MethodRazor @helper67

Razor Helper Custom helper

Static methodViewResultTht s rt68

Razor Helper Custom helperExtention HelperViewResult

Quy cLp c m rng69

Razor Helper Custom helper

Razor @helperViewResultTht s rt n gin

@Truncate(input, 20)70

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Model

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73ModelTrong MVC, model l mt lp cha cc thuc tnh, dng chia s d liu gia Controller v ViewTrong mt s ng dng ASP.NET MVC c s dng Entity Framework, model c th l entity nh x n table CSDLModel c th cha cc annotation cho cc thuc tnh phc v validate d liu View v Controller

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74Model Chia s d liuT Controller -> View Controller: kt qu ca action return View(model) vi model khai bo kiu ModelClass View: khai bo s dng @model ModelClass, v s dng i tng @Model nh l kt qu nhn c@model: t kha khai bo s dng model class@Model: i tng cha kt qu nhn c t ControllerT View -> Controller: dng model lm i s cho action, view c th dng model sinh giao din ng

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75Model Chia s d liu

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76Model entityModel c th dng lm entity nh x n table CSDL trong mt s ng dng c s dng Entity FrameworkTm hiu thm Entity Framework: Here

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77Model data annotationModel c thng c cc data annotation nh du thuc tnh kim li phc v validate d liu

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Validation

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80Validation ???Validation (kim li) l mt tnh nng quan trng trong ASP.NET MVC v c pht trin trong mt thi gian diKim li d liu hn ch c m c gi n server, d liu sai do ngi dng nhpKim li d liu cn thc hin 2 pha client v server

Vic kim tra thng tin trn server nn hon thnh d c kim tra d liu client hay khng. Ngi dng c th v hiu ha Javascript hoc lm 1 cch no vt qua s kim tra d liu client, v server l ni phng v cui cng trc nhng d liu khng mong mun. Mt vi quy tc kim tra i hi ch c thc hin server, v y l ni tip cn ngun d liu an ton hn so vi vic tip cn t trnh duyt.

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81Validation Trong ASP.NET MVCVi ASP.NET MVC ch cn vit mt ln nhng c th kim li cho c 2 pha client v server Model: thm cc data annotation kim li cc thuc tnh View:Kim li pha client: @Script.Render(~/bundles/jquery)B sung vo form @Html.AntiForgeryToken() trnh cc request gi toHin th li: @Html.ValidationMessageFor(Property) @Html.ValidationSummary() Controller:Kim li pha server ModelState.IsValid(), ModelState.AddModelError()

Kim sot d liu c th thc hin c2 phia l client v server.Kim pha client s phn ng nhanh cho ngi s dng c th sa cha ngayKim li pha server s thc hin cc li m client khng th lm c nu d liu c lin quan n ti nguyn server.Vi MVC bn ch cn vit1 lnnhngkimtrac2 phalclient vserver. Nuvmtldo nomclient khngthchincthcserver thayth.Vic kim tra thng tin trn server nn hon thnh d c kim tra d liu client hay khng. Ngi dng c th v hiu ha Javascript hoc lm 1 cch no vt qua s kim tra d liu client, v server l ni phng v cui cng trc nhng d liu khng mong mun. Mt vi quy tc kim tra i hi ch c thc hin server, v y l ni tip cn ngun d liu an ton hn so vi vic tip cn t trnh duyt.

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NI DUNG



Controller3

Validation6

Model5

View4


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Website Organization

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84Website OrganizationLayout@RenderBody()@RenderSection()@[email protected]()@Html.Partial() I18N - Quc t ha

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85Website Organization LayoutLayout ging nh mt template ca view

ViewLayout

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86Website Organization LayoutLayout cha:Mt v ch mt @RenderBody() gi ch cho ni dung trong viewKhng hoc nhiu @RenderSection() gi ch cho cc phn c nh du @Section trong viewLayout@RenderBody()@RenderSection()@ViewBag.KeyViewContent@Section {}@ViewBag.Key

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87Website Organization Layoutp dng layout:

_ViewStart.cshtml ch nh Layout cho cc view, chy trc mi viewTng t c th chn Layout khc cho view87

88Website Organization BundlesBundles ng gi cc ti nguyn

S dngBundleConfig.cs

_ViewStart.cshtml ch nh Layout cho cc view, chy trc mi viewTng t c th chn Layout khc cho view88

89Website Organization PartialViewPartialView l mt fragment c th ti s dng, gim thiu s vit li [email protected](): Nhng mt ActionAction ny return PartialView() loi b LayoutAction ny c th nh du [ChildActionOnly] khng cho truy xut trc [email protected](): Nhng mt View khng bao gm layout

Partial View l mt on (fragment) c th ti s dng gm ni dung v m lnh c nhng vo trong mt View v ci thin kh nng s dng ca mt trang web ng thi gim bt kh nng trng vit m trng lp hay phi vit li m lnh c trc

Lu : Partial View trong ASP.NET MVC tng t nh iu khin UserControl trong ASP.NET WebForm v c th hin qua lp ViewUserControl m xut pht l t lp UserControl ASP.NET89

90Website Organization PartialView

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91Website Organization PartialView

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92Website Organization I18NI18N vit tt ca Internationalization Quc t ha

i vi mt trang web c i tng ngi s dng cc vng min khc nhau th vic quc t ha l v cng quan trng. Vic quc t ha c ngha l lm cho ng dng c kh nng hin th ni dung di nhiu ngn ng khc nhau. Quc t ha trong ting Anh gi l Internationalization, v c 18 ch ci gia ch ci i v ch ci n nn hay c gi ngn gn l i18n92

93Website Organization I18NT chc ti nguyn

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94Website Organization I18NS dng ti nguyn

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95Ti liu tham kho Getting Started with ASP.NET MVC 5 http://www.asp.net/mvc/overview/getting-started/introduction/getting-startedPro ASP.NET MVC 5Download

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Introduce ASP.NET MVC 5

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