International Agro & NatCat Insurance Forum财政风险巨灾指数保险研讨会

Pavel Huerta, 14 October 2016, Property Underwriting

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting

Closing the nat cat protection gap in the retail space缩小保险保障缺口

2

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting

Natural catastrophe protection gapby region and peril, 1975-2014自然灾害保护差距按地区和危险种类划分，1975-2014

• Average uninsured portions have been around 55% for windstorms, 86% for floods, and 90% for earthquakes.

• 未获保险部分在三类灾害中平均大约分别为，风暴潮55%，洪水86%，地震90%。

In the emerging markets, 80-98% of the losses are uninsured.

在新兴市场，80-90%的损失未获得保险

Source: Swiss Re Economic Research & Consulting and Non-Life Risk Transformation.

3

暴风 洪水 地震

西欧 北美 日本 大洋洲 亚洲新兴地区 拉美

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting

Many tools to close the protection gap许多缩小保护差距的工具

4

gap

4

Which risk?何种风险？

Governments政府

Who carries the risk?

风险承担者？

Pools & traditional productsInsurance schemes and pools to increase insurancepenetration, simplified traditional and parametric products and new distribution channels通过保险体制和保险共同体来增加保险深度，简化传统产品和

指数产品，及新渠道

MacroRisk transfer solutions for (sub)sovereigns to cover their direct or indirect costs适合高层的风险转移方案，从而弥补他们的直接或间接损失

MicroSimplified products distributed via aggregatorssuch as MFIs, NGOs, and corporates 通过集合体，例如小额信贷机构, 非政府组织和企业，来简化产品分配

Risk transfer solution风险转移方案

Businesses, homeowners,

farmers商人，私营业主，农户

Public physical assets

公共财产

Emergency response costs紧急响应经费

Foregone revenue预算

Uninsured private assets

未保险的私有财产

Livelihood assistance

生活物品援助

Pro

tecti

on

ga

p

Individuals个体

保护差距

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting

Why is there a gap in the retail sector?为什么在零售板块存在保护差距？

5

Risk awareness风险意识

Insurance products exist and are accessible

保险产品存在并可获

Insurance awareness保险意识

Insurance substitutes* are less attractive

保险替代品的低吸引力*e.g. public aid, emergency credits, social networks

例如公共援助，应急资金，公众

Favorable cost benefit ratio of insurance products保险产品可观的成本收益率

A single unfulfilled criteria will prevent the purchase of insurance

只要有一个条件未被满足，就会导致

保险购置不足

Preconditions to buy insurance:购买保险的前提：

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting

• Govt: 政府:– Risk awareness campaigning

提高风险意识

– Mitigation (zoning, building standards, Physical protection,…)减缓降低（区域划分，建筑标准，物质保护）

– Insurance fostering regulation保险促进条例

– promote different roles

提升不同角色职能

• Society: 社会:– be risk aware具备风险意识

– risk mitigation风险降低

– buying insurance购置保险

• (Re) Insurance industry: 再保险业:

– Risk awareness campaigning提高风险意识

– easy-to-understand products推出便解产品

– comprehensive products推出可理解产品

– easy reach – simple distribution 便于获得 – 简单的分配方式

– affordable (and flexible) products可负担得起的（灵活的）产品

– simple claims’ process简单的理赔过程

Who plays what role?谁在扮演什么角色？

6

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting 7

Success stories

The gap can be narrowed!

提供给低收入家庭的保险低收入家庭在发达市场和发展中市场，尤其受到到自然灾害的影响。当遭受灾害打击后，他们很难得到恢复。我们使用灵活的方式来对这些家庭进行赔付，并于非政府组织和政府机构合作。通过这种方式，我们期望在2020年，增加低收入群体的保险量。

复制潜力这一概念可在其他发展中经济体实施，从而为低收入家庭带来基本补偿。

原保险人可在通过此政策增加他们的客户。政府可以增强其财政恢复力并使其在灾后快速恢复。

态势此政策目前在市场上可有效利用，其他保险人也已响应此概念。

适用于私营业主的洪水保护措施洪水是可保险的。在澳大利亚和加拿大的成功证明私营保险业更有实力为私营业主在大宗市场提供洪水保险。保险业认可了两大关键因素：来自公众和政策面的压力与兴趣，以及保险业与政府间的紧密联系。

态势：澳大利亚：洪水保护差距在逐步缩小（缩小程度从10%到60%）且快速（5年内）。尽管瑞士再保险并未充分介入-由澳大利亚保险委员会和私营保险机构主导-我们对私营保险企业提供了能力支持。

加拿大：市场正在发展（深度<1%）。瑞士再保险在提高风险意识、转移洪水专业知识到市场、与客户合作、共同开发洪水产品和相关风险转移方案方面，都走在产业前列。

目前，由于负担不起，私营业主未获得保险从而暴露在高风险等级之下，保险形势在这两国都还未达到理想状态。

适用于抵押贷款机构的地震保险地震发生后，私营业主如未被保险，而再无法还贷的情况下，银行可能面临来自抵押贷款违约的问题。保险对抗地震带来的风险可使得银行保护他们的资产负债表保持平衡-从而为其客户带来福利。

复制潜力银行积极响应易受地震影响的贷款，从而以全球化角度面对此问题 -尤其是如果他们只有一个地区足迹时。地震保险解决方案能够在这些地区加以复制应用。

态势在瑞士市场，我们正与更多的银行合作来拓展类似概念，尤其是地震风险暴露较高的地区。

差距是可以缩小的！

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting

Increased Resilience

8

Questions 答疑

我们的环球视野

您的本地知识

逐步增强的灾后恢复力

我们一同变得更加睿智

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting 9

Pavel Huerta | 14 October 2016 | Property Underwriting

Legal notice

10

©2016 Swiss Re. All rights reserved. You are not permitted to create any modifications or derivative works of this presentation or to use it for commercial or other public purposes without the prior written permission of Swiss Re.

The information and opinions contained in the presentation are provided as at the date of the presentation and are subject to change without notice. Although the information used was taken from reliable sources, Swiss Re does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy or comprehensiveness of the details given. All liability for the accuracy and completeness thereof or for any damage or loss resulting from the use of the information contained in this presentation is expressly excluded. Under no circumstances shall Swiss Re or its Group companies be liable for any financial or consequential loss relating to this presentation.