LEGAL EMPOWERMENT

PDT. NUNIEK ERNANINGRUM., SH., Mhum., MACM

RIWAYAT STUDILULUS S1 HUKUM UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA (1988)LULUS S2 HUKUM UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA (2006)LULUS S2 PASTORAL DARI ITKI JKT (2006)MAHASISWA PRODI DOKTOR HUKUM UPH SAMPAI SEMESTER 5 (2009-2011)MAHASISWA PRODI S2 MANAJEMEN UNWIRA SEJAK 2015.LEGAL EMPOWERMENTLegal Development 1960-an, USTujuan mempromosikan demokrasi dan pembangunan di negara2 baru merdeka di afrika dan asia, dan negara berkembang.Makna: mentransformasi western social, economic and political model Asumsi: bantuan hukum barat, modernisasi dan demokrasi dapat terwujud di negara2 tsbGagal: korupsi, mis managemen birokrasi peradilan, tidak memberdayakan rakyat

Gerakan the Rule of Law, 1990-an,konsorsium negara Barat RoL dipromosikan setelah berakhirnya perang dingin, & diterapkan di Latin America, Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Asia (Indonesia), dan Sub-Saharan Africa.

Kegagalan rule of law orthodoxy(Golub, 2005)Top down, state centered, Ciri utama the orthodoxy:Terlalu berfokus pada institusi negara, khususnya peradilanFokus ini banyak ditentukan oleh profesi hukum, yang diwakili oleh ahli hukum nasional, petinggi penegakan hukum, konstultan asing, donorMeminimalkan partisipasi publikKecenderungan utk mendefinisikan dan memecahkan problem hukum secara sempit, terbatas pada institusi negara, pengadilan, reformasi hukum bisnisGOL YANG INGIN DICAPAI PADA AKHIRNYA ADALAH: ECONOMIC GROWTH, GOOD GOVERNANCE, AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION (PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN)AKTIFITAS DAN STRATEGINYA HANYA BERSIFAT UMUM TANPA MENGIDENTIFIKASIKANNYA DENGAN SALAH SATU LEMBAGA, PROYEK, ATAU NEGARA. Empat milyar orang di seluruh dunia hidup dalam kemiskinan karena mereka terabaikan dari negara hukum dan kesulitan mengakses keadilan (CLEP, 2008)

APA ITU LEGAL EMPOWERMENTGOLUB : LEGAL EMPOWERMENT IS THE USE OF LEGAL RIGHTS, SERVICES, SYSTEMS, AND REFORM, BY AND FOR THE DISADVANTAGED POPULATIONS AND OFTEN IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER ACTIVITIES, TO DIRECTLY ALLEVIATE THEIR POVERTY, IMPROVE THEIR INFLUENCE ON GOVERNMENT ACTIONS AND SERVICES, OR OTHERWISE INCREASE THEIR FREEDOM.CLEP (COMMISSION ON LEGAL EMPOWERMENT OF THE POOR) DEFINED LEGAL EMPOWERMENT AS A PROCESS OF SYSTEMIC CHANGE THROUGH WHICH THE POOR AND EXCLUDED BECOME ABLE TO USE THE LAW, THE LEGAL SYSTEM, AND LEGAL SERVICES TO PROTECT AND ADVANCE THEIR RIGHTS AND INTERESTS AS CITIZENS AND ECONOMIC ACTORS.ADA 4 PILAR : ACCESS TO JUSTICE AND THE RULE OF LAW,RIGHTS TO LIVELIHOOD AND ENTERPRENEURSHIP,LABOR RIGHTSPROPERTY RIGHTS AND TENURE SECURITYACCESS TO JUSTICE AND THE RULE OF LAWMENYEDIAKAN PERANGKAT HUKUM YANG MENJADI DASAR BAGI KAUM MISKIN MENDAPATKAN KEADILAN DAN HAKNYA.MENYEDIAKAN STRUKTUR BERINSENTIF SEPERTI KAPASITAS PERADILAN DAN LEMBAGA NEGARA YANG DIBUTUHKAN UNTUK MEMBUAT HUKUM BEKERJA BAGI KAUM MISKIN.MENCIPTAKAN LOW-COST LAW SERVICES BAGI KAUM MISKIN. RIGHTS TO LIVELIHOOD AND ENTERPRENEURSHIPRIGHTS AND PROTECTION REQUIRED TO SUPPORT SELF-EMPLOYMENT, START BUSINESSES AND BECOME A MICRO-ENTREPRENEUR AS DERIVED FROM EXISTING RIGHTS, INCLUDING POLITICAL, CIVIL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ONES ARE ESSENTIAL FOR THE LIVELIHOODS OF THE POOR AN EFFECTIVE LEGAL SYSTEM, LOCAL GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS AND SERVICES THAT ARE MORE OPEN, ACCESSIBLE, ACCOUNTABLE AND HAVE LEGITIMACY, ARE KEY FOR A MORE INCLUSIVE SOCIETY AND EMPOWERMENT OF THE POOR.LABOR RIGHTS

THE FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION AND PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO FORM AND JOIN TRADE UNIONS;THE ELIMINATION OF FORCED OR COMPULSORY LABOUR IN ALL ITS FORMS; - JUST AND FAVOURABLE CONDITIONS OF WORK;THE ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION IN ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT, TRAINING AND WORKING CONDITIONS;EQUAL PAY FOR MEN AND WOMEN FOR WORK OF EQUAL VALUE;THE ABOLITION OF CHILD LABOUR.Property rights and tenure security

A FULLY FUNCTIONAL AND EQUITABLE PROPERTY RIGHTS SYSTEM - WITH EFFECTIVE REGULATION AND OVERSIGHT BY THE STATE AUTHORITIES, CAN ENSURE THAT ASSETS CAN BE LEGALLY TRANSFERRED FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER AND CAN HELP PEOPLE TO ACCESS A LOAN TO START A SMALL BUSINESS OR PURCHASE A HOME. AT THE SAME TIME, POOR PEOPLE MUST BE PROTECTED BY THE LAW SO THAT THEY CAN OWN, USE AND DISPOSE OF THEIR PROPERTY AS THEY SEE FIT.WORLD BANK (2012)CONTINUED ECONOMIC GROWTH REQUIRES AN EFFECTIVE LEGAL SYSTEM AND STRONG LAW ENFORCEMENT, AS WELL AS THE PROTECTION AND PROVISION OF CITIZENS BASIC RIGHTS. ACCORDING TO THE COMMISSION ON LEGAL EMPOWERMENT OF THE POOR, APPROXIMATELY 4 BILLION PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD ARE DEPRIVED OF ACCESS TO BASIC INSTRUMENTS OF JUSTICE, AND SUFFER FROM THE IMPACT OF POOR LAW ENFORCEMENT.PERANAN HUKUM BAGI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIATHE EUROPEAN BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (EBRD): PADA NEGARA - NEGARA YANG SEDANG BERKEMBANG MENUNJUKKAN KORELASI CUKUP SIGNIFIKAN ANTARA EFEKTIFITAS SISTEM HUKUM DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI.DALAM ANALISIS DAN KAJIAN EBRD : KEBERHASILAN REFORMASI PEREKONOMIAN TERGANTUNG PADA BERFUNGSINYA SISTEM HUKUM DENGAN BAIK.

KUALITAS HUKUMAda 2 (dua) unsur Kualitas Dari Hukum Yang Harus Dipenuhi Agar sistem ekonomi Dapat Berfungsi Dengan maksimal, Yakni :A. Hukum Harus Mampu Menjaga Keseimbangan Dan Mengakomodasi Kepentingan Pihak-pihak Yang Saling Bersaing,

B. Hukum Harus Mampu Memprediksi Akibat Dari Suatu Langkah Yang Diambil, Khususnya akan Menjadi Sangat Penting Bagi Negara Yang Sebagian Besar Rakyatnya Memasuki Hubungan-hubungan ekonomi Yang Melampaui Lingkungan Sosial Dan Tradisional. Beberapa Masalah Hukum dan PerempuanKebijakan Anggaran yang belum Berperspektif Gender (khususnya di NTT)Keterbatasan Bantuan Hukum

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