Hoc Pic Qua Lich Van Lien

Cho cc bn

Cho cc bn!Hin mnh lm xong mch Lch Vn nin s dng PIC16F877A. Mnh s ln lt post cc chng trnh th nghim trn mch ny. Qua Project ny cc bn s lm ch c con PIC16F877A v trnh dch MikroC, mt trnh bin dch rt d s dng cho ngi mi bt u hc.y l s mch nguyn l:Dng PIC16F877A vi chun np chng trng bootloader-ICSP ca Picvietnam. Thch anh 20MHz, t 1uF lc nhiu.

C 4 nt bm Mode, Set, Up, Down dng ci t v xem thng tin ca lch vn nin. Hin th bng mn hnh LCD 16x2 cm qua hng Jump LCDDISPLAY. C nt gt chn backlight ca LCD. 3 LED n mc cng E dng ch th cc ch .

Nhit mi trng c ly t con LM335. Thng qua vic s dng LM335 bn s hiu c cch s dng modul ADC ca PIC. Thi gian thc c ly t con DS1307, m rng thm b nh ngoi bng con 24C04 vi 256B, qua cch giao tip vi 2 con IC ny bn hc thm c cch dng giao tip I2C. Gn thm ci loa Speaker vo chn PWM hc cch s dng m ul PWM ca PIC. Nh vy n y mch ca ta hon chnh c th lm mt ci lch vn nin hin th ngy thng nm, gi pht giy, nhit mi trng, bo gi chung. Cn li l kh nng bay bng ca cc bn bng phn mm.

Cn nt ci ngun cho mch chy. Ngun u vo l mt ci adapter 9V DC rt ph bin , cm vo ci ngun ny u ra s l 5VDC cho mch chy.

Project1: I/O PORT

Chng trnh u tin ta hc v cch lm vic vi cc cng I/O. y ta c cng E mc vi cc Led n. Ta lm chng trnh nhy Led n theo th t nh sau: 100,010,001,100.... Mi ln nhy cch nhau 250ms.

void MAIN() {PORTE = 0; // Xa d liu cng ETRISE = 0; // nh ngha cng E l OutputADCON1 = 0xE; // nh ngha cng E l I/O Port.

Loop: // Nhn vng lpPORTE.F0 = 1; // Bt Led 1 PORTE.F1 = 0; // Tt Led 2PORTE.F2 = 0; // Tt Led 3Delay_ms(250); // Tr 250msPORTE.F0 = 0; // Tt Led 1PORTE.F1 = 1; // Bt Led 2PORTE.F2 = 0; // Tt Led 3Delay_ms(250); // Tr 250msPORTE.F0 = 0; // Tt Led 1PORTE.F1 = 0; // Tt Led 2PORTE.F2 = 1; // Bt Led 3Delay_ms(250); // Tr 250msgoto Loop; // Lp li chu trnh nhy.}

Sau khi vit xong cc bn dch sang file hex bng cch n t hp phm Ctrl + F9. Ri em file hex ny np vo PIC16F877A l mch chy ngon lnh.

By gi cc bn li mun c 3 n nhp nhy cng mt lc, khong thi gian nhp nhy l 250ms th chng trnh s nh th ny:

void MAIN() {PORTE = 0; // Xa d liu cng ETRISE = 0; // nh ngha cng E l OutputADCON1 = 0xE; // nh ngha cng E l I/O Port.

Loop: // Nhn vng lpPORTE = ~PORTE; // o trng thi cng E Delay_ms(250); // Tr 250msgoto Loop; // Lp li chu trnh nhy.}

Tip theo chng ta lm bi ton c phm bm. Ta c tt c 4 phm bm l MODE, SET, UP, DOWN tng ng nm cc chn RB1, RB2, RB3 v RB4. Bi ton ln ny nh sau: Bm phm RB1 th LED 1 sng...Bm phm RB3 th LED3 sng, bm phm RB4 th tt ht cc n. Chng trnh s nh sau:

void MAIN() {PORTB = 0; // Xo d liu cng BTRISB = 0xFF; // nh ngha cng B l input

PORTE = 0; TRISE = 0;ADCON1 = 0xE;

Loop:if (PORTB.F1 == 0) { // Kim tra nt n RB1 c bm khng? Nu bm thPORTE = 0x00; // Tt ht n cng EPORTE.F0 = 1; // Bt n LED1}if (PORTB.F2 == 0) { // Kim tra nt n RB2 c bm khng? Nu bm thPORTE = 0x00; // Tt ht n cng EPORTE.F1 = 1; // Bt n LED2}if (PORTB.F3 == 0) { // Kim tra nt n RB3 c bm khng? Nu bm thPORTE = 0x00; // Tt ht n cng EPORTE.F2 = 1; // Bt n LED3}if (PORTB.F3 == 0) PORTE = 0x00; // Kim tra nt n RB3 c bm khng? Nu bm th Tt ht n cng Egoto Loop; // Lp li vng lp kim tra nt bm

}

S dng cc hm I2C ca MikroC

Tham gia "Hc PIC6F877A qua ti lch vn nin" ca Tinhthanthep, thy c s dng cc hm ghi v c d liu vi ds1307 theo giao tip I2C:- I2C_Wr(0xD0): gi a ch ca ds1307 ln ng truyn- I2C_Wr(0x90): cu hnh cho thanh iu khin ds1307, s dng xung 1hz- I2C_Rd(1u): c d liu t ds1307Mnh khng bit cc tham s ca cc hm trn nh : 0xD0, 0x90, 1u ... th c th tham kho ti liu no, mnh c trong Hepl ca MikroC m khng r ?

Xin nh cc Huynh ch gip, xin cm n !

Nhng thng tin nm trong datasheet ca DS1307. Mi thit b I2C c nhng quy nh ring v a ch, cc lnh iu khin, thao tc d liu. iu khin thit b no th bn phi tun theo nhng quy c ca thit b , nu khng th thit b ch l i cc yu cu ca bn thi.

mnh cng ang lm ci ng h ny hin th trn LED7seg .nhng ang gp vn v cch thit lp gi ,chng trinh thit lp gi mnh cho vo ngt ngoi . bn c th hng dn cho minh ko. Ah cho minh hi thm l chng trnh c thi gian thi nn a vo ngt timer hay dung delay.gip mnh nh.

Trn con IC thi gian thc Ds1307 c chn SQW/INTB pht ra xung c tn s 1Hz (tc l 1s n on 1 ln) , mc chn ny vo chn ngt ngoi RB0 ca PIC c 1s th n kch cho ngt ngoi hot ng. Theo suy ngh thng thng cc bn hay chng trnh hin th trong ngt nhng nh th MikroC n s bo li "ko c dng chng trnh con trong ngt" nn bn chng trnh hin th trong chng trnh chnh.

C mt vn v ci nt bm l hin tng rung phm. Ci ny ai hiu ri ko ni lm g , cn bn no cha hiu th phi bit. Khi bn n mt nt bm th cc l ng tip xc trong phm bm n khng dnh vo nhau ngay lp tc m n bt i bt li vi ln mi tip xc hn (do tnh n hi ca vt liu ng l xo). Khong thi gian lp bp ny tuy ngn nhng so vi tc x l ca PIC th cn phi chy di. Vi chng trnh troc th hin tng rung phm ny khng nh hng g, nhng vi bi ton nh: Bm phm 1 Led 1 sng, bm pht na n tt th s c vn . Nhiu khi bn bm 1 ci n vn tt l bi v phm bm n rung nn thc ra l pic n tng bn bm nhiu ln nn lc sng lc tt kt qu l tt. x l vn ny th ta cho chng trnh khi pht hin c bm nt th tr i mt khong thoi gian di hn hin tng rung phm l ok. Khi bm nt RB1 PIC to tr 1 khong thi gian 50ms sau kim tra xem RB1 cn c bm khng? nu cn th cho sng LED.

Vy ta lm nt bi ton sau l xong hn v ci nt bm: Bi ton l ta bm phm RB1 th LEd1 sng, bm pht na th n tt....Chng trng nh sau:

Code:

void MAIN() {

PORTB = 0; // Xo d liu cng BTRISB = 0xFF; // nh ngha cng B l input

PORTE = 0;

TRISE = 0;

ADCON1 = 0xE;

Loop:

if (PORTB.F1 == 0) { // Kim tra nt n RB1 c bm khng? Nu bm thif (PORTE.F0 == 0) PORTE.F0 = 1 // kim tra xem n ang tt khng? nu ng th bt lnelse PORTE.F0 = 0; // nu sai th tt n iDelay_ms(50); // To tr 50ms kh ht hin tng rung phmLoop1:

if (PORTB.F1 == 0) goto Loop1; // chy lng vng i n khi tay ngi nh hn nt bm ra}

goto Loop; // Lp li vng lp kim tra nt bm}

Tip theo ta lm sang ci LCD nh. Bn no mi lm quen vi LCD m vit bng assembly th chc mt vi ngy qu. Nu vit bng MikroC bn no km lm cng ch 30 pht l xong. Ni th cc bn thy rng vit ng dng m dng MikroC th thi ri, vit nhanh v ng dng nhanh i vo cuc sng, ch c ta tt bng assem th khi sn phm ra th trng th i th cnh tranh ra my phin bn khc nhau mt roi. Gi ta vit chng trnh hin th dng ch Hello Picvietnam nh. Chng trnh nh sau:

Code:

void INIT_MAIN() {

// Khoi tao cong B

PORTB = 0;

TRISB = 0xFF;

// Khoi tao cong D

PORTD = 0; // Xa d liu ang tn ti sn trn cng D TRISD = 0; // nh ngha cng D l digital Output// Khoi tao cong E

PORTE = 0;

TRISE = 0;

ADCON1 = 0xE;

// Khoi tao LCD

Lcd_Config(&PORTD,4,7,6,3,2,1,0); // cc bn xem s mch hiu c cch khai cc tham s ca hm ny Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR); // xa mn hnh

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CURSOR_OFF); // tt con tr nhp nhy ca LCDvoid LCD_DISPLAY() {

LCD_Out(1,1,"Hello"); // hin ch Hello bt u dng 1 ct 1 LCD_Out(2,1,"Picvietnam"); // hin ch Picvietnam bt u dng 2 ct 1}

void MAIN() {

INIT_MAIN();

LCD_DISPLAY();

}

Chng trnh y y

Code:

/* KHAI BAO BIEN **************************************************************/

unsigned short second, minute, hour, day, date, month, year;

unsigned short minute_al, hour_al, type_al, count_al;

unsigned short flag_time, delay10s_1 = 0, delay10s_2 = 0;

unsigned short mode;

char *day_txt;

/* KHOI TAO *******************************************************************/

void INIT_MAIN() {

/* Khoi tao cong A -----------------------------------------------------------*/

TRISA = 0xFF; // Dinh nghia cong A la Digital Input

PORTA = 0x00;

/* Khoi tao cong B -----------------------------------------------------------*/

TRISB = 0xFF; // Dinh nghia cong B la Digital Input

PORTB = 0x00;

/* Khoi tao cong C -----------------------------------------------------------*/

TRISC = 0x00;

PORTC = 0x00;

/* Khoi tao cong D -----------------------------------------------------------*/

TRISD = 0x00; // Dinh nghia cong D la Digital Output

PORTD = 0x00;

/* Khoi tao cong E -----------------------------------------------------------*/

ADCON1 = 0x0E; // Dinh nghia cong E la Digital + su dung A/D channel AN0

TRISE = 0x00; // Dinh nghia cong E la Output

PORTE = 0x00; // Xoa du lieu cu tren cong E

/* Khoi tao LCD --------------------------------------------------------------*/

Lcd_Config(&PORTD,4,7,6,3,2,1,0);

Lcd_Init(&PORTD);

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CURSOR_OFF);

/* Khoi tao truyen thong I2C -------------------------------------------------*/

I2C_Init(100000);

/* Khoi tao DS1307 -----------------------------------------------------------*/

/* I2C_Start();

I2C_Wr(0xD0);

I2C_Wr(0x00); // Khoi tao cac gia tri ban dau cho cac thanh ghi thoi gian

I2C_Wr(0x13); // chi lam 1 lan.

I2C_Wr(0x03);

I2C_Wr(0x02);

I2C_Wr(0x03);

I2C_Wr(0x05);

I2C_Wr(0x03);

I2C_Wr(0x03);

I2C_Wr(0x90);

I2C_Stop(); */

/* Khoi tao ngat ngoai va Timer0 ---------------------------------------------*/

INTCON = 0x90; // Mo ngat toan cuc, mo ngat ngoai, xoa co ngat ngoai, xoa co ngat Timer0

OPTION_REG = 0x87; // Chon suon len cho ngat ngoai va Timer0, bo chia ti le 1:256 cho Timer0

TMR0 = 0x00;

/* Khoi tao cac bien luu trong EEPROM*/

hour_al = Eeprom_Read(0x00);

minute_al = Eeprom_Read(0x01);

type_al = Eeprom_Read(0x02);

}

/* CHUONG TRINH CON ***********************************************************/

/* Doc du lieu RTC tu DS1307 -------------------------------------------------*/

void READ_RTC() {

I2C_Start();

I2C_Wr(0xD0);

I2C_Wr(0x00);

I2C_Repeated_Start();

I2C_Wr(0xD1);

second = I2C_Rd(1u);

minute = I2C_Rd(1u);

hour = I2C_Rd(1u);

day = I2C_Rd(1u);

date = I2C_Rd(1u);

month = I2C_Rd(1u);

year = I2C_Rd(1u);

I2C_Stop();

}

/* Xu ly du lieu Date RTC ----------------------------------------------------*/

void TRANSFORM_RTC() {

switch (day) {

case 1: day_txt = "ERO"; break;

case 2: day_txt = "T.2"; break;






case 8: day_txt = "C.N"; break;

}

}

/* Xu ly du lieu RTC ---------------------------------------------------------*/

void BCD(unsigned short x, unsigned short y,unsigned short var) {

unsigned short var1, var2;

var1 = (var >> 4) + 0x30;

LCD_Chr(x,y,var1);

var2 = (var & 0x0F) + 0x30;

LCD_Chr_Cp(var2);

}

/* Hien thi ra LCD -----------------------------------------------------------*/

void LCD_DISPLAY() {

LCD_Out(1,1,day_txt);

BCD(1,7,date);

LCD_Chr_Cp('/');

BCD(1,10,month);

LCD_Out_Cp("/20");

BCD(1,15,year);

if (type_al == 1) Lcd_Out(2, 1,"Chuong");

else Lcd_Out(2, 1," ");

BCD(2,9,hour);

LCD_Chr_Cp(':');

BCD(2,12,minute);

LCD_Chr_Cp(':');

BCD(2,15,second);

}

/* Cap nhat thoi gian --------------------------------------------------------*/

void UPDATE_TIME() {

READ_RTC();

TRANSFORM_RTC();

LCD_DISPLAY();

PORTE.F0 = ~PORTE.F0;

}

/* Xu ly Du lieu Nhiet do tu LM335 -------------------------------------------*/

void TEMPERATURE() {

unsigned short temp1, temp2;

char degree[5];

temp1 = Adc_Read(0);

temp2 = (temp1 - 558)/2;

ByteToStr(temp2, degree);

LCD_Out_CP(degree);

LCD_Chr_Cp(223);

LCD_Chr_Cp('C');

}

/* XOA TIMER0 ----------------------------------------------------------------*/

void CLEAR_TIMER0() {

delay10s_1 = 0;

delay10s_2 = 0;

TMR0 = 0;

}

/* Tinh so ngay Julius -------------------------------------------------------*/

unsigned long jdFromDate(char dd, char mm, char yy) {

char a, m;

unsigned y;

unsigned long jd;

a = (14 - mm)/12;

y = (2000 + yy) + 4800 - a;

m = mm + 12*a - 3;

jd = dd + (153*m + 2)/5 + 365*y + y/4 - y/100 + y/400 - 32045;

if (jd < 2299161) jd = dd + (153*m + 2)/5 + 365*y + y/4 - 32083;

return jd;

}

/* Tinh ngay soc -------------------------------------------------------------*/

char getNewMoonDay(unsigned long k) {

double T, T2, T3, dr, Jd1, M, Mpr, F, C1, deltat, JdNew;

T = k/1236.85;

T2 = T * T;

T3 = T2 * T;

dr = 3.1415926/180;

Jd1 = 2415020.75933 + 29.53058868*k + 0.0001178*T2 - 0.000000155*T3;

Jd1 = Jd1 + 0.00033*sin((166.56 + 132.87*T - 0.009173*T2)*dr);

M = 359.2242 + 29.10535608*k - 0.0000333*T2 - 0.00000347*T3;

Mpr = 306.0253 + 385.81691806*k + 0.0107306*T2 + 0.00001236*T3;

F = 21.2964 + 390.67050646*k - 0.0016528*T2 - 0.00000239*T3;

C1=(0.1734 - 0.000393*T)*sin(M*dr) + 0.0021*sin(2*dr*M);

C1 = C1 - 0.4068*sin(Mpr*dr) + 0.0161*sin(dr*2*Mpr);

C1 = C1 - 0.0004*sin(dr*3*Mpr);

C1 = C1 + 0.0104*sin(dr*2*F) - 0.0051*sin(dr*(M+Mpr));

C1 = C1 - 0.0074*sin(dr*(M-Mpr)) + 0.0004*sin(dr*(2*F+M));

C1 = C1 - 0.0004*sin(dr*(2*F-M)) - 0.0006*sin(dr*(2*F+Mpr));

C1 = C1 + 0.0010*sin(dr*(2*F-Mpr)) + 0.0005*sin(dr*(2*Mpr+M));

if (T < -11) deltat = 0.001 + 0.000839*T + 0.0002261*T2 - 0.00000845*T3 - 0.000000081*T*T3;

else deltat= -0.000278 + 0.000265*T + 0.000262*T2;

JdNew = Jd1 + C1 - deltat;

return (JdNew + 0.5 + 7/24);

}

/* Tinh toa do mat troi ------------------------------------------------------*/

char getSunLongitude(unsigned long jdn) {

double T, T2, dr, M, L0, DL, L;

T = (jdn - 2451545.5 - 7/24) / 36525;

T2 = T*T;

dr = 3.1415926/180;

M = 357.52910 + 35999.05030*T - 0.0001559*T2 - 0.00000048*T*T2;

L0 = 280.46645 + 36000.76983*T + 0.0003032*T2;

DL = (1.914600 - 0.004817*T - 0.000014*T2)*sin(dr*M);

DL = DL + (0.019993 - 0.000101*T)*sin(dr*2*M) + 0.000290*sin(dr*3*M);

L = L0 + DL;

L = L*dr;

L = L - 3.1415926*2*(L/(3.1415926*2));

return (L / 3.1415926 * 6);

}

/* Tim ngay bat dau thang 11 am lich -----------------------------------------*/

char getLunarMonth11(char yy) {

unsigned long k, off, nm, sunLong;

off = jdFromDate(31, 12, (2000 + yy)) - 2415021;

k = (off / 29.530588853);

nm = getNewMoonDay(k);

sunLong = getSunLongitude(nm);

if (sunLong >= 9) nm = getNewMoonDay(k-1);

return nm;

}

/* Xac dinh thang nhuan ------------------------------------------------------*/

char getLeapMonthOffset(unsigned long a11) {

unsigned long k, last, arc, i;

char tmp;

k = (a11 - 2415021.076998695) / 29.530588853 + 0.5;

last = 0;

i = 1;

tmp = getNewMoonDay(k+i);

arc = getSunLongitude(tmp);

do {

last = arc;

i++;

arc = getSunLongitude(tmp);

}

while (arc != last && i < 14);

return i-1;

}

/* Tinh am lich --------------------------------------------------------------*/

void AM_LICH() {

unsigned long k, dayNumber, monthStart, a11, b11, lunarDay, lunarMonth, lunarYear, lunarLeap, diff, leapMonthDiff;

char dd, mm, yy;

unsigned short ld, lm, ly;

dd = Bcd2Dec(date);

mm = Bcd2Dec(month);

yy = Bcd2Dec(year);

dayNumber = jdFromDate(dd, mm, (2000+yy));

k = (dayNumber - 2415021.076998695) / 29.530588853;

monthStart = getNewMoonDay(k+1);

if (monthStart > dayNumber) monthStart = getNewMoonDay(k);

a11 = getLunarMonth11(2000+yy);

b11 = a11;

if (a11 >= monthStart) {

lunarYear = 2000+yy;

a11 = getLunarMonth11(2000+yy-1);

}

else {

lunarYear = 2000+yy+1;

b11 = getLunarMonth11(2000+yy+1);

}

lunarDay = dayNumber-monthStart+1;

diff = (monthStart - a11)/29;

lunarLeap = 0;

lunarMonth = diff+11;

if (b11 - a11 > 365) {

leapMonthDiff = getLeapMonthOffset(a11);

if (diff >= leapMonthDiff) {

lunarMonth = diff + 10;

if (diff == leapMonthDiff) lunarLeap = 1;

}

}

if (lunarMonth > 12) lunarMonth = lunarMonth - 12;

if (lunarMonth >= 11 && diff < 4) lunarYear -= 1;

ld = Dec2Bcd (lunarDay);

lm = Dec2Bcd (lunarMonth);

BCD(1,10,ld);

Lcd_Chr_Cp(':');

BCD(1,13,lm);

}

/* MODE BUTTON ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*/

/* Hien thi lich am ----------------------------------------------------------*/

void MODE_1() {

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

Lcd_Out(1, 1, "AM LICH: SORRY");

Lcd_Out(2, 1, "Next Update");

// AM_LICH();

mode = 1;

Mode_1l:

if (PORTB.F1 == 0) goto Mode_1l;

}

/* Hien thi nhiet do moi truong ----------------------------------------------*/

void MODE_2() {

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

Lcd_Out(1, 1, "NHIET DO:");

TEMPERATURE();

mode = 2;

Mode_2l:


}

/* Hien thi cai dat chuong bao thuc ------------------------------------------*/

void MODE_3() {

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

Lcd_Out(1, 1, "CHUONG BAO THUC");

if (type_al == 0) Lcd_Out(2, 1,"Khong su dung");

else {

BCD(2,6,hour_al);

LCD_Chr_Cp(':');

BCD(2,9,minute_al);

}

mode = 3;

Mode_3l:


}

/* Hien thi thong tin ve Version thiet ke ------------------------------------*/

void MODE_4() {

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

Lcd_Out(1, 3, "PIC VIET NAM");

Lcd_Out(2, 1, "Version 1 - 2007");

mode = 4;

Mode_4l:


}

/* Xu ly phim bam Mode -------------------------------------------------------*/

void MODE_BUTTON() {

INTCON.INTE = 0; // OFF ngat ngoai

PORTE = 0x02; // Bat LED 2

MODE_1(); // Vao man hinh MODE 1

INTCON.T0IE = 1; // Kich hoat Timer0 dem thoi gian tre man hinh 10s

while (delay10s_2 < 5) { // Quet phim MODE

Delay_ms(200); // Khu rung phim

if (PORTB.F1 == 0) {

mode++;

CLEAR_TIMER0();

switch (mode) {

case 1 : MODE_1(); break;




case 5 : goto OUT_MODE;

}

}

}

OUT_MODE: // Ra khoi vong quet

PORTE = 0x00; // OFF LED 2

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR); // Xoa man hinh

CLEAR_TIMER0(); // Xoa bo dem thoi gian tre man hinh

}

/* SET BUTTON ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*/

/* Cap nhat du lieu cai dat --------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_DATA() {

I2C_Start();

I2C_Wr(0xD0);

I2C_Wr(0x00);

I2C_Wr(second);

I2C_Wr(minute);

I2C_Wr(hour);

I2C_Wr(day);

I2C_Wr(date);

I2C_Wr(month);

I2C_Wr(year);

I2C_Stop();

EEprom_Write(0x00, hour_al);

EEprom_Write(0x01, minute_al);

EEprom_Write(0x02, type_al);

}

/* Up data -------------------------------------------------------------------*/

unsigned short UP_BUTTON(unsigned short var) {

Delay_ms(200);

CLEAR_TIMER0();

var = Bcd2Dec(var);

var++;

var = Dec2Bcd(var);

return var;

}

/* Down data -----------------------------------------------------------------*/

unsigned short DOWN_BUTTON(unsigned short var) {

Delay_ms(200);

CLEAR_TIMER0();

var = Bcd2Dec(var);

if (var == 0) var = 101;

else var--;

var = Dec2Bcd(var);

return var;

}

/* Nhap nhay underline cursor ------------------------------------------------*/

void BLINK_CURSOR() {

Lcd_Cmd(LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_LEFT);

Lcd_Cmd(LCD_UNDERLINE_ON);

}

/* Hieu chinh gio ------------------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_HOUR() {

Delay_ms(200);

hour_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto hour_lb;

}

while ((delay10s_2 < 5) && (PORTB.F2)) {

Delay_ms(100);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) hour = UP_BUTTON(hour);

if (Bcd2Dec(hour) == 24) hour = Dec2Bcd(0);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) hour = DOWN_BUTTON(hour);

if (Bcd2Dec(hour) == 101 ) hour = Dec2Bcd(23);

Lcd_Cmd(LCD_CURSOR_OFF);

BCD(2,5,hour);

BLINK_CURSOR();

}

}

/* Hieu chinh phut -----------------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_MINUTE() {

Delay_ms(100);

minute_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto minute_lb;

}


Delay_ms(200);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) minute = UP_BUTTON(minute);

if (Bcd2Dec(minute) == 60) minute = Dec2Bcd(0);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) minute = DOWN_BUTTON(minute);

if (Bcd2Dec(minute) == 101 ) minute = Dec2Bcd(59);


BCD(2,8,minute);

BLINK_CURSOR();

}

}

/* Hieu chinh giay -----------------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_SECOND() {

Delay_ms(200);

second_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto second_lb;

}


Delay_ms(100);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) second = UP_BUTTON(second);

if (Bcd2Dec(second) == 60) second = Dec2Bcd(0);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) second = DOWN_BUTTON(second);

if (Bcd2Dec(second) == 101 ) second = Dec2Bcd(59);


BCD(2,11,second);

BLINK_CURSOR();

}

}

/* Cai dat thoi gian CLOCK ---------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_1() {

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

LCD_Out(1,1,"Cai dat dong ho:");

BCD(2,5,hour);

LCD_Chr_Cp(':');

BCD(2,8,minute);

LCD_Chr_Cp(':');

BCD(2,11,second);

Delay_ms(200);

Set_1l:

if (PORTB.F2 == 0) goto Set_1l;

SET_HOUR();

SET_MINUTE();

SET_SECOND();

}

/* Cai dat Thu (DAY) ---------------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_DAY() {

Delay_ms(200);

day_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto day_lb;

}


Delay_ms(100);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) day = UP_BUTTON(day);

if (Bcd2Dec(day) == 9) day = Dec2Bcd(2);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) day = DOWN_BUTTON(day);

if (Bcd2Dec(day) == 1) day = Dec2Bcd(8);

TRANSFORM_RTC();



BLINK_CURSOR();

}

}

/* Cai dat ngay (DATE) -------------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_DATE() {

Delay_ms(200);

date_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto date_lb;

}


Delay_ms(100);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) date = UP_BUTTON(date);

if (Bcd2Dec(date) == 32) date = Dec2Bcd(1);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) date = DOWN_BUTTON(date);

if (Bcd2Dec(date) == 0 ) date = Dec2Bcd(31);


BCD(2,7,date);

BLINK_CURSOR();

}

}

/* Cai dat thang (MONTH) -----------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_MONTH() {

Delay_ms(100);

month_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto month_lb;

}


Delay_ms(200);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) month = UP_BUTTON(month);

if (Bcd2Dec(month) == 13) month = Dec2Bcd(1);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) month = DOWN_BUTTON(month);

if (Bcd2Dec(month) == 0 ) month = Dec2Bcd(12);


BCD(2,10,month);

BLINK_CURSOR();

}

}

/* Cai dat nam (YEAR) --------------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_YEAR() {

Delay_ms(200);

year_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto year_lb;

}


Delay_ms(100);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) year = UP_BUTTON(year);

if (Bcd2Dec(year) == 100) year = Dec2Bcd(0);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) year = DOWN_BUTTON(year);

if (Bcd2Dec(year) == 101) year = Dec2Bcd(99);


BCD(2,15,year);

BLINK_CURSOR();

}

}

/* Cai dat lich duong CALENDAR ---------------------------------------------- */

void SET_2() {

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

LCD_Out(1,1,"Cai dat Lich:");


BCD(2,7,date);

LCD_Chr_Cp('/');

BCD(2,10,month);

LCD_Out_Cp("/20");

BCD(2,15,year);

Delay_ms(200);

Set_2l:


SET_DAY();

SET_DATE();

SET_MONTH();

SET_YEAR();

}

/* Cai dat gio bao thuc ------------------------------------------------------*/

void TIME_ALARM() {

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

Lcd_Out(1,1,"Gio rung Chuong:");

BCD(2,6,hour_al);

Lcd_Out(2,8,":");

BCD(2,9,minute_al);

Delay_ms(200);

Set_4l:


Delay_ms(200);

hour_al_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto hour_al_lb;

}

Delay_ms(200);


Delay_ms(100);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) hour_al = UP_BUTTON(hour_al);

if (Bcd2Dec(hour_al) == 24) hour_al = Dec2Bcd(0);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) hour_al = DOWN_BUTTON(hour_al);

if (Bcd2Dec(hour_al) == 101 ) hour_al = Dec2Bcd(23);


BCD(2,6,hour_al);

BLINK_CURSOR();

}

Delay_ms(200);

minute_al_lb:


CLEAR_TIMER0();

goto minute_al_lb;

}


Delay_ms(100);

if (PORTB.F3 == 0) minute_al = UP_BUTTON(minute_al);

if (Bcd2Dec(minute_al) == 60) minute_al = Dec2Bcd(0);

if (PORTB.F4 == 0) minute_al = DOWN_BUTTON(minute_al);

if (Bcd2Dec(minute_al) == 101 ) minute_al = Dec2Bcd(59);


BCD(2,9,minute_al);

BLINK_CURSOR();

}

}

/* Cai dat bao thuc ----------------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_3() {

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);


Lcd_Out(1,1,"Cai dat Chuong:");

Delay_ms(200);

Set_3l:


Delay_ms(200);


Delay_ms(200);

if ((PORTB.F3 == 0) || (PORTB.F4 == 0)) {

if (type_al == 0) type_al = 1;

else type_al =0;

CLEAR_TIMER0();

}

if (type_al == 0) Lcd_Out(2, 1,"Khong");

if (type_al == 1) Lcd_Out(2, 1,"Co ");

}

if (type_al == 1) TIME_ALARM();

}

/* Xu ly nut bam Set ---------------------------------------------------------*/

void SET_BUTTON() {


PORTE = 0x04; // Bat LED 3

INTCON.T0IE = 1; // Kich hoat Timer0 dem thoi gian tre man hinh 30s

SET_1();

SET_2();

SET_3();

PORTE = 0x00; // OFF LED 3

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR); // Xoa man hinh

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CURSOR_OFF); // OFF con tro man hinh

CLEAR_TIMER0(); // Xoa bo dem thoi gian tre man hinh

SET_DATA(); // Cap nhat du lieu

}

/* Nhay bao chuong -----------------------------------------------------------*/

void BLINK_ALARM() {


PORTE = 0x00;

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);


Lcd_Out(1,1,"Bay gio la ");

BCD(1,12,hour_al);

Lcd_Out(1,14,":");

BCD(1,15,minute_al);


BCD(2,7,date);

LCD_Chr_Cp('/');

BCD(2,10,month);

LCD_Out_Cp("/20");

BCD(2,15,year);

while ((count_al < 100) && (PORTB.F1 == 1) && (PORTB.F2 == 1) && (PORTB.F3 == 1) && (PORTB.F4 == 1)) {

Delay_ms(200);

PORTE = ~PORTE;

count_al++;

}

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);

PORTE = 0x00;

}

/* Quet phim -----------------------------------------------------------------*/

void CYCLE_BUTTON() {

while(1) {

INTCON.T0IE = 0;

INTCON.INTE = 1;

if (flag_time == 1) {

UPDATE_TIME();

flag_time = 0;

}

Delay_ms(200);

if (PORTB.F1 == 0) MODE_BUTTON();

if (PORTB.F2 == 0) SET_BUTTON();

if ((hour == hour_al) && (minute == minute_al) && (second == 0x00)) BLINK_ALARM();

count_al = 0;

}

}

/* XU LY NGAT *****************************************************************/

void interrupt() {

if (INTCON.T0IF) {

delay10s_1++;

if (delay10s_1 == 200) {

delay10s_2++;

delay10s_1 = 0;

}

INTCON.T0IF = 0;

}

if (INTCON.INTF) {

flag_time = 1;

INTCON.INTF = 0; // Xoa co ngat ngoai

}

}

/* CHUONG TRINH CHINH *********************************************************/

void MAIN() {

INIT_MAIN();

CYCLE_BUTTON();

}

/* KET THUC *******************************************************************/

Hm nay ta tip tc vo mc chnh ca bi ton l lm vic vi con IC thi gian thc ds1307. Trc khi tip tc ta phi tm hiu qua v con IC ny. ds1307 dng mt thch anh 32.768kHz to dao ng tnh thi gian, 1 pin V nuii khi mt ngun nui ngoi. 1307 c tt c 64 thanh ghi c a ch t 00h n 3FH. 7 thanh ghi u tin cha d liu v giy, pht, gi, th, nga, thng, nm doi dng m ha BCD. thanh ghi th 8 l thanh ghi iu khin. 56 thanh ghi cn li l b nh RAM. ds1307 giao tip vi th gii bn ngoi bng kiu giao tip ni tip I2C. I2C dng 2 ng truyn SCL v SDA. Ngoi ra ds1307 c chn SQW/OUT pht ra cc xung c tn s 1Hz, 4.096kHz, 8.192kHz, 32.768 kHz. Ta s s dng tn s 1Hz c sau 1 s th vi iu khin phi cp nht thng tin li mt ln v hin th ln mn hnh. V vy ta ni chn ny ca ds1307 vo chn ngt ngoi INT ca PIC16F877A. Vic hiu th no l I2C cc bn sang lung giao tip I2C c, nu khng hiu cng chng sao, vi trnh dch MikroC ny th cc bn c vic vit theo mu sn c l ok. Tt nhin chng ta thng c tham vng phi hiu ci g n phi tn gc r, nhng cng nn bit rng sc ngi c hn khng th cho c th gii vo ci u nh b ca mnh c nn nhng g m thng khc n chun ha, mddun ha ri th c vic dng ng ln tn xem c ch hot ng ca n th no lm g cho mt cng. Ci sau i, i khi bn lm xong ri quay li c nhng ci trc kia cha hiu li thy hiu nhanh hn. Th nn cc bn c theo di chng trnh nu c ch no ko hiu phi pht biu nh.

Ban u, ds1307 cha c gi tr no c trong cc thanh ghi. V vy, vic u tin l phi np mt gi tr bt k cho cc thanh ghi. Chng trnh sau s thc hin cng vic ny. Sau ny , bn c th dng 4 nt bm hiu chnh li thi gian cho ng vi thc t.

Code:

void INIT_MAIN() {

// Khoi tao truyen thong I2C

I2C_Init(100000); // Kch hot mddun truyn thng i2c vi tc baud l 100kHz// Khoi tao DS1307

I2C_Start(); // iu kin start I2C_Wr(0xD0); // truyn a ch ca ds1307 v chn ghi d liu ln ds1307 I2C_Wr(0x00); // Truyn a ch nh u tin ca ds1307 I2C_Wr(0x13); // Khoi tao gia tri ban dau cho thanh ghi giy

I2C_Wr(0x03); // Khoi tao gia tri ban dau cho thanh ghi pht

I2C_Wr(0x02); // Khoi tao gia tri ban dau cho thanh ghi gi I2C_Wr(0x03); // Khoi tao gia tri ban dau cho thanh ghi th I2C_Wr(0x05); // Khoi tao gia tri ban dau cho thanh ghi ngy

I2C_Wr(0x03); // Khoi tao gia tri ban dau cho thanh ghi thng

I2C_Wr(0x03); // Khoi tao gia tri ban dau cho thanh ghi nm I2C_Wr(0x90); // t cu hnh cho thanh ghi iu khin, s dng xung 1Hz. I2C_Stop(); // iu kin stop}

Chng trnh chnh

Code:

void MAIN() {

INIT_MAIN();

}

vy l t by gi con ds1307 bt u hot ng v t cp nht d liu v thi gian. ch khi no ht pin n mi ngng hot ng. Tip theo ta vit mt chng trnh c d liu t ds1307 ri xut ra mn hnh LCD. C 1s th d liu c cp nht mt ln v gi ra mn hnh LCD. Chng trnh s nh sau:

Code:

/* KHAI BAO BIEN */

unsigned short second, minute, hour, day, date, month, year, flag_time;

char *day_txt;

/* KHOI TAO */

void INIT_MAIN() {

// Khoi tao cong A

PORTA = 0;

TRISA = 0xFF;

// Khoi tao cong B

PORTB = 0;

TRISB = 0xFF;

// Khoi tao cong D

PORTD = 0;

TRISD = 0;

// Khoi tao cong E

PORTE = 0;

TRISE = 0;

ADCON1 = 0xE;

// Khoi tao LCD

Lcd_Config(&PORTD,4,7,6,3,2,1,0);

Lcd_Cmd(Lcd_CLEAR);


// Khoi tao truyen thong I2C

I2C_Init(100000);

// Khoi tao ngat ngoai

INTCON = 0x90; // Mo ngat toan cuc, mo ngat ngoai, xoa co ngat ngoai, OPTION_REG = 0x87; // Chon suon len cho ngat ngoai

}

/* DOC DU LIEU RTC TU DS1307 */

void READ_RTC() {

I2C_Start();

I2C_Wr(0xD0);

I2C_Wr(0x00);

I2C_Repeated_Start();

I2C_Wr(0xD1);

second = I2C_Rd(1u);

minute = I2C_Rd(1u);

hour = I2C_Rd(1u);

day = I2C_Rd(1u);

date = I2C_Rd(1u);

month = I2C_Rd(1u);

year = I2C_Rd(1u);

I2C_Stop();

}

/* XU LY DU LIEU RTC */

void TRANSFORM_RTC() {

switch (day) {

case 1: day_txt = "ERO"; break;







case 8: day_txt = "C.N"; break;

}

}

/* HIEN THI LCD */

void BCD(unsigned short x, unsigned short y,unsigned short var) {

unsigned short var1, var2;

var1 = (var >> 4) + 0x30;

LCD_Chr(x,y,var1);

var2 = (var & 0x0F) + 0x30;

LCD_Chr_Cp(var2);

}

void LCD_DISPLAY() {


BCD(1,5,date);

LCD_Chr_Cp('/');

BCD(1,8,month);

LCD_Out_Cp("/20");

BCD(1,13,year);

BCD(2,1,hour);

LCD_Chr_Cp(':');

BCD(2,4,minute);

LCD_Chr_Cp(':');

BCD(2,7,second);

LCD_Out(2,10,"T=");

BCD(2,12,temp);

LCD_Chr_Cp(223);

LCD_Chr_Cp('C');

}

void DISPLAY_TIME() {

READ_RTC();

TRANSFORM_RTC();

LCD_DISPLAY();

PORTE.F0 = ~PORTE.F0;

}

/* XU LY NGAT */

void interrupt() {

flag_time = 1;

INTCON.INTF = 0; // Xoa co ngat ngoai

}

/* CHUONG TRINH CHINH */

void MAIN() {

INIT_MAIN();

while(1) {

INTCON.INTE = 1;

if (flag_time == 1) {

DISPLAY_TIME();

flag_time = 0;

}

}

}

Ngt trong MikroC

Mnh mi hc PIC, cng mi tm hiu v CCS, ri MikroC. Mnh thy MikroC cng d p dng, phn Help ca n vit d hiu.Mnh ngh cn phn bit s khc nhau gia 2 trnh dch ny cho d hc, d nh, trnh nhm ln gia 2 trnh dch:1. V NGT: (Phn ny MikroC c v km hn CCS)- CCS cho php lp ring tng hm ngt, n t nhn bit ngt no xy ra, t ng thc thi hm ngt tng ng, ng thi t ng xo c ngt.- MikroC ch cho lp mt hm ngt chung, trong ta phi t kim tra xem ngt no xy ra x l cho ph hp, v phi lo xo c ngt (mnh ngh nhng vic ny khng kh khn g, c ci n st vi phn cng - PIC ch c 1 vc t ngt, cng tt vy).

Trao i "lch vn nin":

Phn o nhit dng ADC 10 bt (MikroC ch c lnh c ADC 10 bt), x l hin th d liu bng 8 bt -> kt qu khng ng (thay v bin thin t 0 - 1023, kt qu ch bin thin t 0-255, lp li 4 ln) ?Khng bit x l th no y, nh cc huynh ch gip !--------------------------------------12/4/2008: H h ! vn kiu d liu: dng cc kiu 1 byte cha gi tr ADC 10 bit l khng n.C th, phn o nhit ca "lch vn nin" lp hm nh sau l n:NHIETDO() {char degree[7];int temp1, temp2; temp1 = Adc_Read(0); //Doc nhiet do tu cong ADC, 10 bittemp2 = (temp1 - 558)/2; //Doi ra do CIntToStr(temp2, degree); //Chuyen sang stringLCD_Out_CP(degree); //Hien thi LCD}

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