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Brain chip

Presen

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CONTENTS Introduction

History Development

Chip Implantation

Current Technology

Future Of Brain chip Application

Advantage

Disadvantage

Conclusion

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Brain Chip consists both biological and electron

Some times we see that due to paralysis attack

terrible accident or from berth , people loose th

sensitivity . It is due to failure of connection bet

brain and other part of body .

Now with the help of this technology people ca

improve their lifestyle because it can make broc

of the brain reasonable active.

INTRODUCTION

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Brain chip can enhance memory of human b

help paralyzed patients and are intended for

purposes.

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HISTORY

The history of brain-computer interfaces (BC

old.

BCI combines technologies from computer sc

electrical engineering, neurosurgery and biom

engineering .

1875: Richard Canton first discovered electric

on surface of animal brain.

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1950s: Jose Delgado, a neurosurgeon at Yale U

invents the stimoceiver, an electrode device th

controlled wirelessly by FM radio. He tests it in

of a bull and is able to make the animal charge

change direction by the pushing of different b

June 2004: The first human, Matthew Nagle, is

with a brain-computer interface.

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Delgado controlling a bull with the help of bra

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Development

Studies in human subjects with electronics bthe area of researches .In this technology the

electronic chip is implemented in skulls and t

facial expression and general behaviour, and

desire to repeat the experience outcome.

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Neural Network

Neural networks are loosely modelled on the n

neurons. They can learn to perform complex ta

are especially effective at recognizing patterns

classifying data, and processing noisy signals.

Brain cells and silicon chip linked electronically

Once a device is implanted in body , glial cells

from surround ,the foreign object and prevent

and electrodes from making contact

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Figure of neuron

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They are implantable neurons that would perf

function of a part of brain that has been dama

stroke or epilepsy .

A transmitter helps the user to pick up signals f

Brain and translate them into cursor command

computer.

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Working of brain chip

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Chip Implantation

A braincomputer interface (BCI), often called a

mind-machine interface (MMI), or sometimes c

direct neural interface or a brainmachine inter

is a direct communication pathway between thebrain and an external device. BCIs are often dire

assisting, augmenting, or repairing human cogn

sensory-motor functions.

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In the figure the implantation of brain chip in monkey.

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Current Technology

In present time brain chip is made on silicon c

Silicon chip

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Future Of Brain chip

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This technology is known as SYNAPSE (System

Neuromorphic Adaptive Plastic Scalable Elect

It is miles ahead of any computer system befo

works much differently.

This includes functions like memory and learnare already present in the prototype chip buil

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Bypassing the Spinal Cord is another tech

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This concept illustrates some of the future ap

Brain Chip technology in which the function ocord can be replaced by computer-aided tran

brain activity.

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"Brain pacemakers" are used to treat people wh

from epilepsy, major depression and other disease

pacemaker is a medical device that is implanted int

to sendelectrical signals into the tissue. Depending

area of the brain that is targeted, the treatment is cbrain stimulation, or cortical stimulation.

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Brain pace makers

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Brain implants enhance capability of human senses.

It has a significant role to play in future gene

engineering fields and neuroscience.

This made easier life for the people which ar

are mentally disable.

Advantages

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Disadvantages Cost.

Safety.

Losing Identity.

Risk for surgeons.

Since it is operated by system and programmi

there is possibility of hacking . It can be used for bad purpose such as terroris

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CONCLUSION

This remarkable breakthrough offers hope that peare paralyzed will one day be able to independentartificial limbs, wheelchairs.

Next generation products may be able to provide individual with the control device that allow breatmovements.

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www.wikipedia.com

www.brownuniversity.com

http://biocybernaut.com/tutorial/eeg.html

http://www.wanttoknow.info/mindcontrol1http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?

ci.figg

Biomedical Instrumentation by R.S. Khandpu

References

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