Junior High School of Junior High School of

LefkonasLefkonas

The title of the Project: The title of the Project:

““The influence of Shakespeare’s The influence of Shakespeare’s plays”plays”

ΣΤΟΧΟΙΣΤΟΧΟΙ

ΣυνεργασίαΣυνεργασία Γνωριμία με τον Γνωριμία με τον Shakespeare, Shakespeare, τα έργα του, τα έργα του,

την προσφορά του στην Αγγλική κουλτούρατην προσφορά του στην Αγγλική κουλτούρα -Αναζήτηση μηνυμάτων και ηθικών αξιών στα -Αναζήτηση μηνυμάτων και ηθικών αξιών στα

έργα του έργα του Επίδραση των έργων του στους νέους σήμεραΕπίδραση των έργων του στους νέους σήμερα Χρήση και εξοικείωση στην ομιλία,γραφή και Χρήση και εξοικείωση στην ομιλία,γραφή και

κατανόηση κειμένων της Αγγλικής γλώσσας κατανόηση κειμένων της Αγγλικής γλώσσας

William Shakespeare’s William Shakespeare’s BiographyBiography

Shakespeare’s hometown is Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was Shakespeare’s hometown is Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was born on April 23, 1564 and baptized three days later. He was born to born on April 23, 1564 and baptized three days later. He was born to John Shakespeare and Mary Arden. His father had been incredibly John Shakespeare and Mary Arden. His father had been incredibly successful in Stratford in both his own business and in his civil successful in Stratford in both his own business and in his civil career. He had been appointed the mayor of Stratford and to the career. He had been appointed the mayor of Stratford and to the even higher rank of Chief Alderman of Stratford. This was during the even higher rank of Chief Alderman of Stratford. This was during the Elizabethan era.Elizabethan era. The childhood of William Shakespeare and the Elizabethan education The childhood of William Shakespeare and the Elizabethan education that he received at the King Edward VI Stratford Grammar School that he received at the King Edward VI Stratford Grammar School was of a high quality. Stratford was often visited by traveling was of a high quality. Stratford was often visited by traveling troupes of professional actors so William would have come into close troupes of professional actors so William would have come into close contact with the acting fraternity from a very young age.contact with the acting fraternity from a very young age.At the age of eighteen, he married his 26 year old impregnated At the age of eighteen, he married his 26 year old impregnated girlfriend, Anne Hathaway. Together they had three children, girlfriend, Anne Hathaway. Together they had three children, Susanna Hall, Hamnet Shakespeare and Judith Quiney. Although Susanna Hall, Hamnet Shakespeare and Judith Quiney. Although their last names differ, Hamnet and Judith were twins.their last names differ, Hamnet and Judith were twins.To further pursue his career, William moved to London. At the age of To further pursue his career, William moved to London. At the age of 28, in 1592, he was already established as both an actor and 28, in 1592, he was already established as both an actor and playwright. Around this time, Shakespeare became one of the playwright. Around this time, Shakespeare became one of the founding members of the acting company, “The Lord Chamberlain’s founding members of the acting company, “The Lord Chamberlain’s Men.” Shakespeare’s company built the Globe Theatre to perform Men.” Shakespeare’s company built the Globe Theatre to perform their works, but due to an accident, Shakespeare’s original theatre their works, but due to an accident, Shakespeare’s original theatre burnt down. The theatre was rebuilt by June of 1614. It was burnt down. The theatre was rebuilt by June of 1614. It was designed to be affordable to all. During this era, it was considered designed to be affordable to all. During this era, it was considered “improper” for women to act, therefore, young boys would play the “improper” for women to act, therefore, young boys would play the roles of women and girls. However, when James I became king, they roles of women and girls. However, when James I became king, they became “The King’s Men.” As a result they performed regularly in became “The King’s Men.” As a result they performed regularly in court.court.

Shakespeare was a playwright, poet and actor. Shakespeare was a playwright, poet and actor. His comedies included A Midsummer Night’s Dream His comedies included A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Cymbeline. These stories always had happy and Cymbeline. These stories always had happy endings. Shakespeare’s histories included King John endings. Shakespeare’s histories included King John and Richard II. The stories were usually set against and Richard II. The stories were usually set against medieval English history. They were not historically medieval English history. They were not historically accurate. They provided social commentary and accurate. They provided social commentary and explored the social structure of the time. His tragedies explored the social structure of the time. His tragedies included Macbeth and Hamlet. Shakespeare’s included Macbeth and Hamlet. Shakespeare’s tragedies commonly showed the death of the main tragedies commonly showed the death of the main characters. Therefore, they were sad. Romeo and characters. Therefore, they were sad. Romeo and Juliet is a tragic comedy. Shakespeare’s sonnets are Juliet is a tragic comedy. Shakespeare’s sonnets are very famous as well. very famous as well. It is believed that by 1613, he had moved back to It is believed that by 1613, he had moved back to Stratford-upon-Avon. He died on April 23rd, 1616—the Stratford-upon-Avon. He died on April 23rd, 1616—the same day he was born. He is viewed as one of the same day he was born. He is viewed as one of the most influential writers in history.most influential writers in history.

Words and Phrases Words and Phrases Coined by Coined by

ShakespeareShakespeare

All that glitters is not gold All that glitters is not gold (The (The Merchant of Venice)Merchant of Venice)

All's well that ends well All's well that ends well (title)(title) As good luck would have it As good luck would have it (The Merry (The Merry

Wives of Windsor)Wives of Windsor) As merry as the day is long As merry as the day is long (Much Ado (Much Ado

About Nothing / King John)About Nothing / King John) Bated breath Bated breath (The Merchant of Venice)(The Merchant of Venice) Bag and baggage Bag and baggage (As You Like It / (As You Like It /

Winter's Tale)Winter's Tale)

Bear a charmed life (Macbeth)Bear a charmed life (Macbeth) Be-all and the end-all (Macbeth)Be-all and the end-all (Macbeth) Beggar all description (Antony and Beggar all description (Antony and

Cleopatra)Cleopatra) Better foot before  (King John)Better foot before  (King John) The better part of valor is discretion The better part of valor is discretion  In a better world than this (As You Like It)In a better world than this (As You Like It) Neither a borrower nor a lender be (Hamlet)Neither a borrower nor a lender be (Hamlet) Brave new world (The Tempest)Brave new world (The Tempest) Break the ice (The Taming of the Shrew)Break the ice (The Taming of the Shrew) Breathed his last (3 Henry VI)Breathed his last (3 Henry VI)

MATERIALMATERIAL

CDDVDInternet

HAMLETHAMLET

Background of HamletBackground of Hamlet The story of Hamlet was written between 1599 to 1601. It was The story of Hamlet was written between 1599 to 1601. It was

published in 1603 “The First Quarto” and in 1604 “The Second published in 1603 “The First Quarto” and in 1604 “The Second Quarto”. . The first recorded production of Hamlet was by the Quarto”. . The first recorded production of Hamlet was by the Chamberlain’s Men in 1600 or 1601 ,so it is likely that Shakespeare Chamberlain’s Men in 1600 or 1601 ,so it is likely that Shakespeare composed the play in early 1600. Hamlet became an instant hit and composed the play in early 1600. Hamlet became an instant hit and the great Shakespearean actor , Richard Burdage received much the great Shakespearean actor , Richard Burdage received much acclaim in the lead role. Hamlet’s popularity grew until the closing acclaim in the lead role. Hamlet’s popularity grew until the closing of the theaters by the puritanical government. It was performed at of the theaters by the puritanical government. It was performed at taverns and inns along with other great drama during that period . taverns and inns along with other great drama during that period . After the theaters re-opened Hamlet was brought back to the stage After the theaters re-opened Hamlet was brought back to the stage and the play’s popularity has been growing since then.and the play’s popularity has been growing since then.

Saxo Grammaticus recorded at the 1st place with a Danish Saxo Grammaticus recorded at the 1st place with a Danish revenge story of Hamlet in the 1100’s. In these stories, a Danish revenge story of Hamlet in the 1100’s. In these stories, a Danish prince fakes madness in the prince’s father and married his mother. prince fakes madness in the prince’s father and married his mother. Shakespeare modified this story this story more straightforward Shakespeare modified this story this story more straightforward because he wanted to filled it with dread and uncertainly. By the because he wanted to filled it with dread and uncertainly. By the time, Hamlet doesn’t just feign madness . It means, he is actually time, Hamlet doesn’t just feign madness . It means, he is actually crazy.crazy.

Themes in Hamlet’s playThemes in Hamlet’s play The Mistery of DeathThe Mistery of Death The play shows us how many uncertainties our lives are built The play shows us how many uncertainties our lives are built

upon ,how many unknown quantities are taken for granted. upon ,how many unknown quantities are taken for granted. When people act or when they evaluate one another’s action.When people act or when they evaluate one another’s action.

Themes in Hamlet’s playThemes in Hamlet’s play LoveLove RevengeRevenge HateHate SorrowSorrow FearFear EvilEvil ActionAction DesireDesire BeliefBelief JusticeJustice InduceInduce ConscienceConscience MisogynyMisogyny IndecisivenessIndecisiveness

summarysummary Hamlet is a tragedy play, which takes place in a castle. Hamlet is a tragedy play, which takes place in a castle.

There the king of Denmark, Hamlet, is murdered by his There the king of Denmark, Hamlet, is murdered by his brother, Claudius, who wanted to become king. However, brother, Claudius, who wanted to become king. However, nobody knows who has done it. Then Claudius gets nobody knows who has done it. Then Claudius gets married to the Queen. Although he tries to keep his married to the Queen. Although he tries to keep his secret hidden, Hamlet’s son starts to suspect him. Trying secret hidden, Hamlet’s son starts to suspect him. Trying to find out the truth, Hamlet sees a ghost that solves this to find out the truth, Hamlet sees a ghost that solves this mystery. Since Claudius is afraid that the truth will come mystery. Since Claudius is afraid that the truth will come on the surface he sends Hamlet to England to be killed. on the surface he sends Hamlet to England to be killed. However, Hamlet manages to escape. Hamlet, in order However, Hamlet manages to escape. Hamlet, in order to avenge Claudius asks some actors to play the scene to avenge Claudius asks some actors to play the scene of a murder that reminds his fathers’ murder. There all of a murder that reminds his fathers’ murder. There all the mysteries and secrets are revealed.the mysteries and secrets are revealed.

HamletHamlet

At the same time he looks emotional and sensitive because he loves Polonius’ At the same time he looks emotional and sensitive because he loves Polonius’ daughter, Ophelia. In the end, he is angry and kills Laertes, the son of daughter, Ophelia. In the end, he is angry and kills Laertes, the son of Polonius and his uncle, Claudius, who had killed Hamlet’s father, because he Polonius and his uncle, Claudius, who had killed Hamlet’s father, because he wanted to get the crown. Hamlet is a man of contradiction. He is reckless and wanted to get the crown. Hamlet is a man of contradiction. He is reckless and simultaneously cautious, he is courteous and simultaneously uncivil, he is simultaneously cautious, he is courteous and simultaneously uncivil, he is tender and simultaneously ferocious. He feels sorrow for his father’s death tender and simultaneously ferocious. He feels sorrow for his father’s death but he is responsible for Rosencrahtz’s and Guildenstern’s death.He is but he is responsible for Rosencrahtz’s and Guildenstern’s death.He is heartless but virtuous paying respect and awe for his heartless but virtuous paying respect and awe for his father.Indecisiveness,hastiness,hate,brutality and obsession characterize his father.Indecisiveness,hastiness,hate,brutality and obsession characterize his words and actions but at the same time he is a philosopher. He searches for words and actions but at the same time he is a philosopher. He searches for truth and life’s meaning.. He loved Ophelia and felt feelings of devotion as his truth and life’s meaning.. He loved Ophelia and felt feelings of devotion as his father felt for his mother but then he turns on her and destroys her with father felt for his mother but then he turns on her and destroys her with cruelty.His own vicious words caused Ophelia’s insanitycruelty.His own vicious words caused Ophelia’s insanityDeep sensitive and hungry for justice. Deep sensitive and hungry for justice.

Hamlet is the prince of Denmark.In the beginning he is sad for his father’s death. His father ‘s ghost manages to persuade him to get revenge his uncle, Claudius. Hamlet tries to find ways and chances to kill his uncle. He is obedient to his father’s advice. Moreover, he is clever and understands his uncle’s trap.

GetrudeGetrude

GertrudeGertrude is Hamlet's mother and Queen of   is Hamlet's mother and Queen of  DenmarkDenmark.. Her relationship with Hamlet is somewhat Her relationship with Hamlet is somewhat turbulent, since he resents her for marrying her turbulent, since he resents her for marrying her husband's brother Claudius  after he murdered the husband's brother Claudius  after he murdered the King (young Hamlet's father,  King Hamlet).King (young Hamlet's father,  King Hamlet).

Getrude is shallow, thinks only about her body and Getrude is shallow, thinks only about her body and external pleasure. Faithless and ambitious, she external pleasure. Faithless and ambitious, she wants to be delighted. We can imagine that she is a wants to be delighted. We can imagine that she is a woman in fine clothes soft pillows and warm woman in fine clothes soft pillows and warm baths. .Narrow minded, and baths. .Narrow minded, and enthousiastic ,passionate, and immoral, irrational enthousiastic ,passionate, and immoral, irrational and naïve.and naïve.

The GhostThe Ghost

The ghost appears at midnight looking for Hamlet. He comes The ghost appears at midnight looking for Hamlet. He comes near with his dark voice and says that it is Hamlet’s father. near with his dark voice and says that it is Hamlet’s father. He wants revenge and also mercy on his soul. Moreover, he He wants revenge and also mercy on his soul. Moreover, he is impatient and decisive. The ghost is also cruel and tough. is impatient and decisive. The ghost is also cruel and tough.

PoloniusPolonius

Polonius is Polonius is greedy,cruel,snobbish,dishonest,immoral,sgreedy,cruel,snobbish,dishonest,immoral,sly,irresponsible and is completely trusted ly,irresponsible and is completely trusted by the Eing,survey. Father of Opheliaand by the Eing,survey. Father of Opheliaand Laertes, and Lord Chamberlain to King Laertes, and Lord Chamberlain to King Claudius, he is described as a windbag by Claudius, he is described as a windbag by some and a rambler of wisdom by others.some and a rambler of wisdom by others.

LAERTESLAERTES

Laertes becomes naïve Laertes becomes naïve and willing tool of and willing tool of Claudius.Vilain Claudius.Vilain himself .Passionate and himself .Passionate and quick to action, Laertes is quick to action, Laertes is clearly a foil for the clearly a foil for the reflective Hamlet reflective Hamlet

OPHELIAOPHELIA

A fragile,innocent, A fragile,innocent, unselfish,childlike and naïve unselfish,childlike and naïve young lady.Her heart is young lady.Her heart is pure,incapable of defending pure,incapable of defending herself.We imagine her herself.We imagine her spending the day needlepoint spending the day needlepoint and flower gathering.Although and flower gathering.Although she loves Hamlet she obeys she loves Hamlet she obeys her father and her father and brother.Dependent on men to brother.Dependent on men to tell her how to obey.tell her how to obey.

Rosencrantz & Rosencrantz & GuildensternGuildenstern

Two slightly bumbling courtiers, Two slightly bumbling courtiers, former friends of Hamlet from former friends of Hamlet from Wittenberg, who are summoned Wittenberg, who are summoned by Claudius and Gertrude to by Claudius and Gertrude to discover the cause of Hamlet’s discover the cause of Hamlet’s strange behaviourstrange behaviour..

HORATIOHORATIO

Horatio ,Hamlet's loyal friend, is Horatio ,Hamlet's loyal friend, is acalm,resolute and rational friend.He acalm,resolute and rational friend.He does not afraid to confront the does not afraid to confront the ghost.Hamlet admires Horatio for the ghost.Hamlet admires Horatio for the qualities that Hamlet himself does qualities that Hamlet himself does not possess.A trustworthy and not possess.A trustworthy and devoted friend ,prepared to commit devoted friend ,prepared to commit suicide so that he will not have to suicide so that he will not have to live without his beloved friend.live without his beloved friend.

ClaudiusClaudius Claudius is intelligent and also he Claudius is intelligent and also he

represents the worst in human nature. represents the worst in human nature. He is full of ambition and desires. He is a He is full of ambition and desires. He is a multi-faceted villain, a corrupt politician multi-faceted villain, a corrupt politician and morally weak. Also he is content and and morally weak. Also he is content and very soul for a few prized possession and very soul for a few prized possession and he is a capable ruler with a great ability he is a capable ruler with a great ability to manipulate others through his skillful to manipulate others through his skillful use of language. His characteristics are use of language. His characteristics are lust greed, corruption and excess. He lust greed, corruption and excess. He does not stop Gertrude from drinking the does not stop Gertrude from drinking the poison in the goblet the duel between poison in the goblet the duel between Hamlet and Laertes.Hamlet and Laertes.

Hamlet different endingHamlet different ending The duel started with both Hamlet and Laetres trying to give the The duel started with both Hamlet and Laetres trying to give the

first hit.The fight continued for a while when with some good first hit.The fight continued for a while when with some good moves Hamlet managed to bring down Laertes but without hitting moves Hamlet managed to bring down Laertes but without hitting him. Meanwhile the King offered the poisoned water to Hamlet him. Meanwhile the King offered the poisoned water to Hamlet but he refused to drink it. Then they continued the fight when but he refused to drink it. Then they continued the fight when Hamlet finally managed to hurt Laertes fatally . The King seeing Hamlet finally managed to hurt Laertes fatally . The King seeing Laertes dying tried to leave the room with the fear that Laertes Laertes dying tried to leave the room with the fear that Laertes will reveal the King'plan .Hamlet stopped him with his words.will reveal the King'plan .Hamlet stopped him with his words.

Where are you going Claudius ?Are you afraid of something?Where are you going Claudius ?Are you afraid of something? The king told him he was not feeling well.Hearing that the Queen The king told him he was not feeling well.Hearing that the Queen

offered him the poisoned water.Not seeing that was the poisoned offered him the poisoned water.Not seeing that was the poisoned water the King drank it wanting to show that he needed it.During water the King drank it wanting to show that he needed it.During the duel Hamlet said to Laertes.the duel Hamlet said to Laertes.

I feel sorry that your father is dead but that was an accident .your I feel sorry that your father is dead but that was an accident .your anger was meant to I am asking for forgivenessanger was meant to I am asking for forgiveness

Laertes answered angrily:Laertes answered angrily: I don’t want to forgive you! And he managed to hit him to the leg.I don’t want to forgive you! And he managed to hit him to the leg. In a while both the King and Hamlet were about to die . Horatio In a while both the King and Hamlet were about to die . Horatio

approached Hamlet and told him:approached Hamlet and told him:

Please my lord don’t die .Our Kingdom will be Please my lord don’t die .Our Kingdom will be without a n honest King.without a n honest King.

Then Hamlet replied:Then Hamlet replied: No Horatio you can be the King from now on and No Horatio you can be the King from now on and

try to save Laertes so you can have him as your try to save Laertes so you can have him as your consultant. Laertes was bleeding too much to be consultant. Laertes was bleeding too much to be saved and said before he died.saved and said before he died.

I don’t need you to save me. This is my end I I don’t need you to save me. This is my end I shouldn’t have trusted the King. He is shouldn’t have trusted the King. He is responsible.responsible.

Then Hamlet replied to the King in anger:Then Hamlet replied to the King in anger: How could you?You made all those people How could you?You made all those people

die .You deserve to die.die .You deserve to die.After these words he said to Horatio:After these words he said to Horatio:These are my last words. Horatio I name you the These are my last words. Horatio I name you the

King of this country.Horatio immediately King of this country.Horatio immediately responsed and asked what it is going to happen responsed and asked what it is going to happen to the Queen.to the Queen.

She shouldn’t be here. She doesn’t deserve it.You She shouldn’t be here. She doesn’t deserve it.You and the people of this county should dethrone and the people of this county should dethrone her. After that he died. Horatio announced her. After that he died. Horatio announced Hamlet's words s and he ordered to prepare the Hamlet's words s and he ordered to prepare the funeral he deserves.funeral he deserves.

alternative alternative Title:Title:

When desire leads to evil.When desire leads to evil.

Συνεργασία μαθητών, καθηγητών,γονέων

Χρήση της Αγγλικής γλώσσας στις εργασίες και δραματοποίηση σκηνών

Εμβάνθυνση λογοτεχνικών κειμένων

Ανάδειξη δεξιοτήτων και ίκανοτήτων και των μαθητών και των καθηγητών

Γνωριμία με την Αγγλική κουλτούρα,Shakespeare ,ενδυμασία εποχής, μεσαιωνική μουσική

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