Great scientists

Unit 1

John Snow defeats “king cholera”

What can you learn from the title?

人物：事件：

defeats cholera

John Snow 约翰 .斯诺 (1813

~ 1858), 英国麻醉学家、流行病专家。他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施。 1854 年 ,

伦敦霍乱流行 , 斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况 ,

寻找到他们的共同行为模式 ,

发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系 , 由于及时切断了二者的联系 , 有效制止了霍乱的流行。

Name of illness

cholera (霍乱 )

Symptom(症状 )

severe vomiting (呕吐 ) and diarrhoea (腹泻 ) ['vɔmit] [daiə'riə]

effect(后果 ) die quickly from a loss of liquid

What was the cause of this illness?

How did John Snow find it out?

Skimming

Reading Comprehension II

What’s the main idea of the passage?A. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.B. The cause of Cholera was polluted water.C. The source of all drinking water should be examined.D. How John Snow collected, analysed data and found the cause of cholera and defeated it.

Read the passage quickly

and find the number below

and the relevant happenings

in the passage.

Fast—reading:

Two theories

In 1854

500

The first suggested that…multiplied

in the air; The second suggested…

absorbed this disease into their bodies

with their meals.

Another outbreak hit London.

More than 500 people had died

in 10 days.

16, 37, 38 and 40

20, 21;

8, 9

7

These numbers in Broad Street near the water pump had many of the deaths

20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street had no deaths….They didn’t drink the water from the Broad Street pump.

These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.

A map of Broad Street

What method did he use?Broad Street

Many deaths happened here.

No death happened here.

It seemed the water from the pump was to blame. What did he do next?

Public house

Read the passage and number these events in the order that they happened.

___ John Snow began to test two theories.

___ An outbreak of cholera hit London in1854.

___ John Snow marked the deaths on a map.___ He announced that the water carried the disease.___ John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.___ King Cholera was defeated.___ He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.___ He had the handle removed from the water pump.

Answer: 2 1 4 7 3 8 5 6

John Snow was a well-known ______ in

London in the _____ century. He wanted

to find the ______ of cholera in order

to ______ it. In 1854 when a cholera

______ out, he began to gather

information.

doctor

19th

cause

defeat

broke

He _________ on a map where all the dead

people had lived and he found that many

people who had drunk the dirty water from

the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted

water carried cholera. He suggested that the

_______ of all water supply be __________

and new methods of ________ with polluted

water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was

defeated.

marked

pump

source examined

dealing

What should we pay attention to in our daily life in order not to get infected with cholera?

Heal the food left overnight

Cook raw food thoroughly

Wash hands often

Keep away from flies

choose fresh sea food

Keep the kitchen clean

Dispose rubbish properly.

Drink boiled water

Discussion