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Transcript of From sheltertonsc
From “Shelter” to New Safe Confinement
A. GoraDeputy General Director for Personnel ManagementSSE “Chernobyl NPP“, Ukraine
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service2
CommissioningCommissioning
Development of established ChNPP capacities:September 26, 1977
– Unit 1
was commissioned
December 21, 1978 – Unit 2
was commissioned
December 3,
1981 – Unit 3
was commissioned
December 21, 1983 – Unit 4
was commissioned
Turbine HallSight on turbogenerators
TG-1,2
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service3 3
Accident of April 26, 1986Accident of April 26, 1986
Accident at Chernobyl NPP Unit 4 occurred on April, 26, 1986 at 01:23:40 a.m. (Moscow time)
It was possible to stop active release of radioactive substances from destroyed reactor only in the end of May, 1986
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service4
Accident of April 26, 1986Accident of April 26, 1986
The rate of gamma-radiation dose was up to 2,000 R/h
(20 Sv/h) and
mainly was determined by radiation from reactor breakdown itself, inside of which measurable values of dose rate amounted to 50,000 R/h
(500 Sv/h).
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service5
Creation of Shelter ObjectCreation of Shelter Object
•
Designing of protective sarcophagus (Shelter) commenced on May 20,
1986;•
Construction lasted 206 days and nights from June to November 1986.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service6
New Safe Confinement Creation (NSC)New Safe Confinement Creation (NSC)
In 2012
it is planned to start production of steel constructions of NSC Arch.
Milestones for NSC creation:•
Foundations construction completion
–
May,
2013.
•
Main Arch construction assembly
–
November, 2014.•
NSC Commissioning
–
October,
2015.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service7
ChNPP Units shutdownChNPP Units shutdown
Chernobyl NPP Unit 3 was finally shutdown on December 15, 2000 at 13:17 according to the Decree of the President of Ukraine. Plant stopped power generation.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service8
Before the accident Chernobyl NPP generated 150.2 billion kW/h . After the accident – 158.6 billion kW/h. In total it was generated 308.8 billion kW/h.
Unit 1Unit 2Unit 3Shelter Object
1977÷19961978÷19911981÷20001983÷1986
Chernobyl NPP site from satellite
ChNPP Units shutdownChNPP Units shutdown
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service9
STRESS-TESTSTRESS-TEST
In 2011 the Chernobyl NPP, the first among Ukrainian NPPs, performed the targeted unscheduled safety assessment of ChNPP nuclear facilities by its own forces taking into consideration the events at Fukushima 1 NPP (stress-test).
The full-scale emergency trainings including personnel actions in case of accident and examination of the capabilities of emergency response units
were conducted.
Safety Improvement Plan for ChNPP facilities was developed:•
control, collection and return system for ISF-1 leakages was created;
•
conditions enabling to connect a mobile diesel generator for ISF-1 consumers were created, tests were carried out;
•
it is planned to conduct psychological training of personnel aimed at increasing resistance to psychological stress, development of endurance, self-control, mutual supportiveness and interaction;
•
system of psychological selection and training of persons involved in managing the accidents with severe consequences is being developed (similar to system of operational personnel selection).
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service10
Spent Nuclear Fuel Management (SNF)Spent Nuclear Fuel Management (SNF)
At the moment reactors of Units 1, 2 and 3 are completely released from nuclear fuel.Fuel is only in cooling pools of Units 1 and 2.To reduce risks during New Safe Confinement construction, spent nuclear fuel was transferred from cooling pools of Unit 3 to Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility (ISF-1).In order to improve nuclear safety, it was proposed to transport SNF from Units 1 and 2 to ISF-1 for storage. In November 2011, the State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine agreed the Decision to place all conditioned SNF from Units 1, 2 and 3 to ISF-1.Works on spent nuclear fuel transportation from cooling pools of Units 1 and 2 to ISF-1 were commenced.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service11
The Final State of Decommissioning NPP can be changed
The Final State of Decommissioning NPP can be changed
"Green field" status
"Brown spot" status
Developed industrial site
ChNPP is located at the territory of Exclusion Zone contaminated with radioactive substances as a result of accident in 1986. That’s why decommissioning of Chernobyl NPP up to the "green field" status is unreasonable.
A brown spot is a condition of ChNPP industrial site when its territory and buildings can be restricted released from the regulating control.
Reuse of ChNPP site as “National operator of NPP units decommissioning, SNF and RAW management”
is the most desirable final state:
•
a fast and cheap way to reach decommissioning objectives
•
using financial and technical resources and qualified staff of ChNPP more effectively;
•
solving problems of nuclear industry.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service12
SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness System
SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness SystemSystem
The Main Tasks of ChNPP Emergency Preparedness and Response System
•
Assurance of preparedness to eliminate accidents and emergencies at SSE “Chernobyl NPP”
facilities;
•
Response to accidents and emergencies at the SSE “Chernobyl NPP”
facilities;
•
Implementation of measures on protecting the NPP personnel and environment.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service13
SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness System
SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness SystemSystem
Emergency organizational structures of SSE “Chernobyl NPP” includes:
Emergency Manager at industrial sites of SSE “Chernobyl NPP”
facilities (EMS);
Coordination and Management Body –
EMS Staff Office or SSE “Chernobyl NPP”
Commission on the Issues of Emergencies (as a synonym);
Standing Management Body –
Emergency Preparedness and Response Department (EP&RD);
SSE “Chernobyl NPP”
emergency teams and units:
Radiation control unit;
Dosimetric survey unit;
Physical protection assurance unit;
Personnel sanitary treatment unit;
Transport unit, etc.;
Teams for elimination of equipment failures.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service14
SSE ChNPP Emergency UnitsSSE ChNPP Emergency UnitsSSE ChNPP Emergency Units
The Main Tasks of NPP Emergency Units are:
Actions on preventing beyond-design-basis accidents and eliminating their consequences;
Measures on personnel protection;
Recommendations on population protection.
A General Director is an Emergency Manager at the ChNPP industrial site.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service15
SSE ChNPP Emergency UnitsSSE ChNPP Emergency UnitsSSE ChNPP Emergency Units
The Main Functions of EMS:
Primary and subsequent classification of an accident;
Notification of personnel and external organizations;
Initiation of Emergency Plan;
Management of actions on accident containment and elimination;
Coordination of actions of external organizations involved into emergency and rescue operations;
Provision of information to a Ministry of Emergencies management, regulatory body, authorities and mass media;
Decision-making on Emergency Plan’s ending.
The SSE ChNPP personnel is contained in protective shelters having ץ-radiation dose rate ≥ 0,5 mSv/h.The SSE ChNPP personnel is evacuated having ץ-radiation dose rate ≥ 1 mSv/h.
ChNPP Strategic Planning Service16
Thank you for attention!