Flood Hazard Map - IGES · 1998 Pos Dipang, Perak; Kuala Lumpur 49 > 100 1999 Penampang,& Sandakan,...
Transcript of Flood Hazard Map - IGES · 1998 Pos Dipang, Perak; Kuala Lumpur 49 > 100 1999 Penampang,& Sandakan,...
Malaysia Experience on Floods With Climate Change
Impacts
National Disaster Management Agency (NADMA), Malaysiament A& &
Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), Malaysia
Chukai Town, Kemaman Flood, 2013
1. Introduction2. Resilience to Climate Change: Malaysia
Initiatives3. Conclusion
Presentation Outline
1. Introduction
Kuala Lumpur (2014)
Natural Disasters in Malaysia
Disaster Types
Flood Land-slide
Tropical Storm
Earth-quake Tsunami Forest
Fire Haze Drought
Kajang Town (2014)
Selangor (2013)Peat Forest Fire
Source: Malaysia: Disaster Management Reference Handbook, 2016
DroughtsChuping, Perlis (2016)
Kuala Lumpur (2008)
Kuala Lumpur (2014)
Source: Malaysia: Disaster Maner Man
DHazeKuala Muda, Kedah (2004)Tsunami
Kajang Town (2014) Pendang (2014)
Floods Tropical Storm Earthquake
Ranau, Sabah (2015)Kuala Lumpur (2008)
Landslide
Source: Updating of Condition of Flooding, 2012
Flood Prone Area – Hotspots for Vulnerability
Segamat Town - Dec 2006 / Jan 2007 East Coast Floods, Dec 2013g
Chukai Town, Dec 2013 Kelantan, 2014
,
Kelantan, 2014
Excess Water Floods
Year Flood Event Death Victims Evacuated
1993 Sabah 27 22,000
1995 Shah Alam / Klang Valley, Klang, Selangor, 8 23,870
1996 Keningau, Sabah (Tropical Cyclone Greg) 238 39,687
1998 Pos Dipang, Perak; Kuala Lumpur 49 > 100
1999 Penampang, & Sandakan, Sabah 9 4,481
2000 Kg. La, Terengganu 6 -
2001 Kelantan, Pahang, Terengganu; Gunung Pulai, Johor; Besut, Marang, Terengganu 14 > 11,000
2006/07 Johor & Kelantan 18 110,000
2008 Johor 28 34,000
2010 Kedah & Perlis 4 50,000
2013 Kemaman, Terengganu, Kuantan Pahang, Johor, Kelantan 3 >34,000
2014 Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang 25 500,000
2015 Kota Belud, Sabah - > 1,800
2017 Pulau Pinang 7 > 2,000
Last 20 Years Water Related Disaster in Malaysia
Sources: Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia, Malaysian National Security Council and Chan (2012)Mallaysaysianan National Security Council and Chan (2012)
El Nino & La Nina Pattern
Source:
Increasing Trend
02468
10121416
No.
of O
ccur
renc
es
Decade
No. of Wet Spells (Rainfall > 100mm/day) for 3 Consecutive Days
Rainfall Event Trend More Extreme Wet Spells
Source: Disaster and Climate Change Projection for Malaysia, 2016
40 Years 1978-2017
Mean Annual Rainfall - Trend
0 Years 4019781 -2017
Chuping
Larut MatangHulu Terengganu
Kuala Pilah
Baram
PadasTawau
Source: Kajian Penyediaan Perubahan dan Taburan Hujan Di Malaysia (JPS-NAHRIM, 2018)
10 Years
1988 – 1997 1998 - 2007 2008 - 20171978 - 1987
Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Rainfall
Source: Kajian Penyediaan Perubahan dan Taburan Hujan Di Malaysia (JPS-NAHRIM, 2018)
10 Years
1988 – 1997 1998 - 2007
2008 - 20171978 - 1987
Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Rainfall
Source: Kajian Penyediaan Perubahan dan Taburan Hujan Di Malaysia (JPS-NAHRIM, 2018)
Source: NAHRIM, 2006
Regions / Sub-regions / States
Projected change* in maximum monthly
valueTemperature
(°C)Rainfall
(%)
North East RegionTerengganu, Kelantan, Northeast-coast +1.88 +32.8
North West RegionPerlis (west coast), Perak, Kedah +1.80 +6.2
Central RegionKL, Selangor, Pahang +1.38 +8.0
Southern RegionJohor, Southern Peninsula +1.74 +2.9
Possible Future Climate ProjectionAverage Annual Rainfall & Mean Temperature (1984-93 vs 2025-34 & 2041-50)
*Change In Maximum Monthly Value
Average Annual Rainfall & Mean Temperature (1984-93 vs 2025-34 & 2041-50)
Climate Parameter
Peninsular Malaysia Sabah Sarawak
Annual MeanSurface
Temperature
1.0-1.5°C [2050]
1.3-1.7°C[2050]
2.9 - 3.5°C [2100]
1.0-1.5°C[2050]
3.0 - 3.3°C [2100]
Maximum Monthly Rainfall
+113mm (12%)[2050]
+59mm (5.1%)[2050]
+111mm (9%)[2100]
+150mm (8%)[2050]
+282mm (32%)[2100]
Possible Future Climate Projection
Source: NAHRIM, 2006
2. Resilience to Climate Change: Malaysia Initiatives
Enhance the resilience of water-related infrastructures
Improve the resilience of communities in context of climate change adaptationg p
Resilience to Climate Change: Malaysia Initiatives
Integration of climate change adaptation on
policy & guidelines;
Improvement of hydrometric
network coverage
Improvement of technologies in
engineering practices
Improvement of warning system
future flood & drought
Integration of Climate Change Adaptation on Policy & Guidelines
Integgration
Technology Guidance – GEF UNEP
Source: http://www.tech-action.org/Publications/TNA-Guidebooks
Climate Change Study
Improvement of Hydrometric Network Coverage
*RF Station Coverage Ratio;Malaysia - 1 in 220km2; Bangladesh - 1 in 68 km2; Japan - 1 in 42km2
Source: DID, Malaysia (2018)
Hydrological Procedure No. 1 & No. 26
http://h2o.water.gov.my
Permanent structures (culverts, control gate, bridge, etc.)to apply CCF in the estimation of design rainstorm ;
Non-permanent structures (flood levees, bunds, etc.)to check freeboard adequacy based on CCF.
DID Circular on CCF Design of Water Related Structures
Bertam Valley, Cameron Highland
Climate Change Factor (CCF)
Source: JPS, 2015
0.5 1 3 6 12 24 48 722 99.20 68.83 33.24 19.83 11.57 6.67 3.82 2.755 123.48 85.68 41.38 24.69 14.40 8.30 4.76 3.4310 145.73 101.12 48.83 29.14 17.00 9.80 5.61 4.0520 171.99 119.34 57.63 34.39 20.06 11.56 6.62 4.7750 214.10 148.56 71.74 42.81 24.97 14.39 8.25 5.94
100 252.67 175.32 84.67 50.52 29.47 16.99 9.73 7.01
Design Rainfall Intensity (mm/hr)ARI
(years)Storm Duration t (hours)
Climate Change Factor
73.0
239.0
381.0826.75
dTI
I50I50 =
Source: DID Malaysia, 2015
Flood Hazard Map (50 yrs ARI): Existing Condition
Source: DID Malaysia, 2018
Flood Hazard Map (50 yrs ARI): Flood Mitigation Condition
Source: DID Malaysia, 2018
Flood Hazard Map (50 yrs ARI + CCF): Flood Mitigation Condition
Source: DID Malaysia, 2018
Improvement of Technology
Improvement of Technology
3. Conclusion
The benefits of the integration of flood risk management into wider development management, urban planning and climate change adaptation are clear;
The most successful long-term flood risk management strategies will balance the implementation of short-run, quick gain, non- structural measures with a vision of the best suite of structural and non- structural measures to be implemented for the longer term;
Understanding the required resources, the best and worst case scenarios and the tipping points at which action becomes imperative, rather than justified, can lead to better decisions.
The benefits of the integration of flood risk management
Conclusion
For the material used in this presentation..Dato’ Ir. Hj. Nor Hisham Bin Mohd. Ghazali (DID) Dato’ Ir. Sabri bin Abdul Mulok (DID)Mohamad Hafiz Bin Hassan (DID)Thayalam a/l Sekaran (DID)Wan Hazdy Azad bin Wan Abdul Majid (DID)
Acknowledgement
Thank YouNational Disaster Management Agency
(NADMA), Malaysia&
Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), Malaysia