eUuw HkaMkjh dk tUe lu~ 1931 esa xk¡o Hkkuiqjk] f”kykeanlkSj (eè; izns'k) esa gqvk ijarq mudh baVj rd dh

f'k{kk&nh{kk gqbZ jktLFkku osQ vtesj 'kgj esaA ckn esa mUgksaus¯gnh esa ,e-,- fd;kA fnYyh osQ fejkaMk gkml dkWfyt esavè;kiu dk;Z ls vodk'k izkfIr osQ ckn vktdy fnYyh esagh jgdj Lora=k ys[ku dj jgh gSaA

Lokra=;ksÙkj ¯gnh dFkk lkfgR; dh izeq[k gLrk{kj eUuwHkaMkjh dh izeq[k jpuk,¡ gSaµ,d IysV lSykc] eSa gkj xbZ];gh lp gS] f=k'kaoqQ (dgkuh&laxzg)_ vkidk caVh] egkHkkst(miU;kl)A blosQ vykok mUgksaus fI+kQYe ,oa Vsyhfo”kuèkkjkokfgdksa osQ fy, iVdFkk,¡ Hkh fy[kh gSaA gky gh esa,d dgkuh ;g Hkh uke ls vkRe dF; dk izdk'kuA mudhlkfgfR;d miyfC/;ksa osQ fy, ¯gnh vdkneh osQ f'k[kjlEeku lfgr mUgas vusd iqjLdkj izkIr gks pqosQ gSa ftuesaHkkjrh; Hkk"kk ifj"kn~] dksydkrk] jktLFkku laxhr ukVdvdkneh] mÙkj izns'k ¯gnh laLFkku osQ iqjLdkj 'kkfey gSaA

eUuw HkaMkjh dh dgkfu;k¡ gksa ;k miU;kl muesa Hkk"kk vkSjf'kYi dh lknxh rFkk izkekf.kd vuqHkwfr feyrh gSA mudhjpukvksa esa L=kh&eu ls tqM+h vuqHkwfr;ksa dh vfHkO;fDr Hkhns[kh tk ldrh gSA

eUuw HkaMkjh14

2020-21

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,d dgkuh ;g Hkh osQ lanHkZ esa lcls igys rks ge ;g tku ysa fd eUuw HkaMkjhus ikfjHkkf"kd vFkZ esa dksbZ flyflysokj vkRedFkk ugha fy[kh gSA vius vkRedF;esa mUgksaus mu O;fDr;ksa vkSj ?kVukvksa osQ ckjs esa fy[kk gS tks muosQ ys[kdh; thouls tqM+s gq, gSaA ladfyr va'k esa eUuw th osQ fd'kksj thou ls tqM+h ?kVukvksa osQ lkFkmuosQ firkth vkSj mudh dkWfyt dh izkè;kfidk 'khyk vxzoky dk O;fDrRofo'ks"k rkSj ij mHkjdj vk;k gS] ftUgksaus vkxs pydj muosQ ys[kdh; O;fDrRo osQfuekZ.k esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA ysf[kdk us ;gk¡ cgqr gh [kwclwjrh ls lk/kj.kyM+dh osQ vlk/kj.k cuus osQ izkjafHkd iM+koksa dks izdV fd;k gSA lu~ *46&*47dh vk”kknh dh vk¡/h us eUuw th dks Hkh vNwrk ugha NksM+kA NksVs 'kgj dh ;qok gksrhyM+dh us vk”kknh dh yM+kbZ esa ftl rjg Hkkxhnkjh dh mlesa mldk mRlkg] vkst]laxBu&{kerk vkSj fojks/ djus dk rjhdk ns[krs gh curk gSA

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,d dgkuh ;g Hkh

tUeh rks eè; izns'k osQ Hkkuiqjk xk¡o esa Fkh] ysfdu esjh ;knksa dk flyflyk 'kq: gksrk gSvtesj osQ czãiqjh eksgYys osQ ml nks&eaf”kyk edku ls] ftldh mQijh eaf”ky esa firkthdk lkezkT; Fkk] tgk¡ os fugk;r vO;ofLFkr <ax ls iSQyh&fc[kjh iqLrdksa&if=kdkvksa vkSjv[kckjksa osQ chp ;k rks oqQN i<+rs jgrs Fks ;k fiQj ^fMDVs'ku* nsrs jgrs FksA uhps ge lcHkkbZ&cfguksa osQ lkFk jgrh Fkha gekjh csi<+h&fy[kh O;fDrRofoghu ek¡---losjs ls 'kke rdge lcdh bPNkvksa vkSj firk th dh vkKkvksa dk ikyu djus osQ fy, lnSo rRijAvtesj ls igys firk th bankSj esa Fks tgk¡ mudh cM+h izfr"Bk Fkh] lEeku Fkk] uke FkkAdkaxzsl osQ lkFk&lkFk os lekt&lqèkkj osQ dkeksa ls Hkh tqM+s gq, FksA f'k{kk osQ os osQoymins'k gh ugha nsrs Fks] cfYd mu fnuksa vkB&vkB] nl&nl fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vius ?kjj[kdj i<+k;k gS ftuesa ls dbZ rks ckn esa mQ¡ps&m¡Qps vksgnksa ij igq¡psA ;s mudh [kq'kgkyhosQ fnu Fks vkSj mu fnukas mudh nfj;kfnyh osQ ppsZ Hkh de ugha FksA ,d vksj os csgndksey vkSj laosnu'khy O;fDr Fks rks nwljh vksj csgn ozQksèkh vkSj vgaoknhA

ij ;g lc rks eSaus osQoy lqukA ns[kk] rc rks bu xq.kksa osQ HkXuko'ks"kksa dks <ksrs firkFksA ,d cgqr cM+s vkfFkZd >VosQ osQ dkj.k os bankSj ls vtesj vk x, Fks] tgk¡ mUgksausvius vosQys osQ cy&cwrs vkSj gkSlys ls vaxzs”kh&¯gnh 'kCndks'k (fo"k;okj) osQ vèkwjs dkedks vkxs c<+kuk 'kq: fd;k tks viuh rjg dk igyk vkSj vosQyk 'kCndks'k FkkA blus mUgsa;'k vkSj izfr"Bk rks cgqr nh] ij vFkZ ugha vkSj 'kk;n fxjrh vkfFkZd fLFkfr us gh muosQO;fDrRo osQ lkjs ldkjkRed igyqqvksa dks fupksM+uk 'kq: dj fn;kA floqQM+rh vkfFkZdfLFkfr osQ dkj.k vkSj vfèkd foLiQkfjr mudk vga mUgsa bl ckr rd dh vuqefr ughansrk Fkk fd os de&ls&de vius cPpksa dks rks viuh vkfFkZd foo'krkvksa dk Hkkxhnkjcuk,¡A uokch vknrsa] vèkwjh egRokdka{kk,¡] ges'kk 'kh"kZ ij jgus osQ ckn gkf'k, ij ljdrspys tkus dh ;kruk ozQksèk cudj ges'kk ek¡ dks o¡Qikrh&FkjFkjkrh jgrh FkhaA viuksa osQ gkFkksafo'okl?kkr dh tkus oSQlh xgjh pksVsa gkssaxh os ftUgksaus vk¡[k ew¡ndj lcdk fo'okl djus

2020-21

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okys firk dks ckn osQ fnuksa esa bruk 'kDdh cuk fn;k Fkk fd tc&rc ge yksx Hkh mldhpisV esa vkrs gh jgrsA

ij ;g fir`&xkFkk eSa blfy, ugha xk jgh fd eq>s mudk xkSjo&xku djuk gS] cfYdeSa rks ;g ns[kuk pkgrh gw¡ fd muosQ O;fDrRo dh dkSu&lh [kwch vkSj [kkfe;k¡ esjsO;fDrRo osQ rkus&ckus esa xq¡Fkh gqbZ gSa ;k fd vutkus&vupkgs fd, muosQ O;ogkj us esjsHkhrj fdu xzafFk;ksaa dks tUe ns fn;kA eSa dkyh gw¡A cpiu esa nqcyh vkSj efj;y Hkh FkhAxksjk jax firk th dh de”kksjh Fkh lks cpiu esa eq>ls nks lky cM+h] [kwc xksjh] LoLFk vkSjg¡leq[k cfgu lq'khyk ls gj ckr esa rqyuk vkSj fiQj mldh iz'kalk us gh] D;k esjs Hkhrj,sls xgjs ghu&Hkko dh xzafFk iSnk ugha dj nh fd uke] lEeku vkSj izfr"Bk ikus osQ cko”kwnvkt rd eSa mlls mcj ugha ikbZ\ vkt Hkh ifjp; djokrs le; tc dksbZ oqQN fo'ks"krkyxkdj esjh ys[kdh; miyfCèk;ksa dk f”kozQ djus yxrk gS rks eSa ladksp ls fleV gh ughatkrh cfYd xM+us&xM+us dks gks vkrh gw¡A 'kk;n vpsru dh fdlh irZ osQ uhps nch blhghu&Hkkouk osQ pyrs eSa viuh fdlh Hkh miyfCèk ij Hkjkslk ugha dj ikrh---lc oqQN eq>srqDdk gh yxrk gSA firk th osQ ftl 'kDdh LoHkko ij eSa dHkh HkUuk&HkUuk tkrh Fkh]vkt ,dk,d vius [kafMr fo'oklksa dh O;Fkk osQ uhps eq>s muosQ 'kDdh LoHkko dh>yd gh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS---cgqr ^viuksa* osQ gkFkksa fo'okl?kkr dh xgjh O;Fkk ls mitk'kdA gks'k l¡Hkkyus osQ ckn ls gh ftu firk th ls fdlh&u&fdlh ckr ij ges'kk esjhVDdj gh pyrh jgh] os rks u tkus fdrus :iksa esa eq>esa gSa---dgha oqaQBkvksa osQ :i esa] dghaizfrfØ;k osQ :i esa rks dgha izfrPNk;k osQ :i esaA osQoy ckgjh fHkUurk osQ vkèkkj ijviuh ijaijk vkSj ihf<+;ksa dks udkjus okyksa dks D;k lpeqp bl ckr dk fcyoqQyvglkl ugha gksrk fd mudk vklUu vrhr fdl dnj muosQ Hkhrj tM+ tek, cSBk jgrkgS! le; dk izokg Hkys gh gesa nwljh fn'kkvksa esa cgkdj ys tk,---fLFkfr;ksa dk ncko Hkysgh gekjk :i cny ns] gesa iwjh rjg mlls eqDr rks ugha gh dj ldrk!

firk osQ Bhd foijhr Fkha gekjh csi<+h&fy[kh ek¡A èkjrh ls oqQN ”;knk gh èkS;Z vkSjlgu'kfDr Fkh 'kk;n muesaA firk th dh gj ”;knrh dks viuk izkI; vkSj cPpksa dh gjmfpr&vuqfpr I+kQjekb'k vkSj f”kn dks viuk I+kQtZ le>dj cMs+ lgt Hkko ls Lohdkjdjrh Fkha osA mUgksaus ¯”knxh Hkj vius fy, oqQN ek¡xk ugha] pkgk ugha---osQoy fn;k ghfn;kA ge HkkbZ&cfguksa dk lkjk yxko ('kk;n lgkuqHkwfr ls mitk) ek¡ osQ lkFk Fkk ysfdufugk;r vlgk; eTkcwjh esa fyiVk mudk ;g R;kx dHkh esjk vkn'kZ ugha cu ldk---umudk R;kx] u mudh lfg".kqrkA [kSj] tks Hkh gks] vc ;g iSr`d&iqjk.k ;gha lekIr djvius ij ykSVrh gw¡A

2020-21

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ik¡p HkkbZ&cfguksa esa lcls NksVh eSaA lcls cM+h cfgu dh 'kknh osQ le; eSa 'kk;n lkrlky dh Fkh vkSj mldh ,d èkq¡èkyh&lh ;kn gh esjs eu esa gS] ysfdu vius ls nks lkycM+h cfgu lq'khyk vkSj eSaus ?kj osQ cM+s ls vk¡xu esa cpiu osQ lkjs [ksy [ksysµlrksfy;k]y¡xM+h&Vk¡x] idM+e&idM+kbZ] dkyh&Vhyks---rks dejksa esa xqas&xqfM+;ksa osQ C;kg Hkh jpk,]ikl&iM+ksl dh lgsfy;ksa osQ lkFkA ;ksa [ksyus dks geus Hkkb;ksa osQ lkFk fxYyh&MaMk Hkh[ksyk vkSj irax mM+kus] dk¡p ihldj ek¡tk lwrus dk dke Hkh fd;k] ysfdu mudhxfrfofèk;ksa dk nk;jk ?kj osQ ckgj gh vfèkd jgrk Fkk vkSj gekjh lhek Fkh ?kjA gk¡] bruk”k:j Fkk fd ml ”kekus esa ?kj dh nhokjsa ?kj rd gh lekIr ugha gks tkrh Fkha cfYd iwjseksgYys rd iSQyh jgrh Fkha blfy, eksgYys osQ fdlh Hkh ?kj esa tkus ij dksbZ ikcanh ughaFkh] cfYd oqQN ?kj rks ifjokj dk fgLlk gh FksA vkt rks eq>s cM+h f'kír osQ lkFk ;geglwl gksrk gS fd viuh ¯”knxh [kqn thus osQ bl vkèkqfud ncko us egkuxjksa osQ Ý+ ySVesa jgus okyksa dks gekjs bl ijaijkxr ^iM+ksl&dYpj* ls fofPNUu djosQ gesa fdruklaoqQfpr] vlgk; vkSj vlqjf{kr cuk fn;k gSA esjh de&ls&de ,d ntZu vkjafHkddgkfu;ksa osQ ik=k blh eksgYYks osQ gSa tgk¡ eaSus viuh fd'kksjkoLFkk xq”kkj viuh ;qokoLFkkdk vkjaHk fd;k FkkA ,d&nks dks NksM+dj muesa ls dksbZ Hkh ik=k esjs ifjokj dk ugha gSSAcl budks ns[krs&lqurs] buosQ chp gh eSa cM+h gqbZ Fkh ysfdu budh Nki esjs eu ijfdruh xgjh Fkh] bl ckr dk vglkl rks eq>s dgkfu;k¡ fy[krs le; gqvkA brus o"kks± osQvarjky us Hkh mudh Hkko&Hkafxek] Hkk"kk] fdlh dks Hkh èkq¡èkyk ugha fd;k Fkk vkSj fcukfdlh fo'ks"k iz;kl osQ cMs+ lgt Hkko ls os mrjrs pys x, FksA mlh le; osQ nk lkgcvius O;fDrRo dh vfHkO;fDr osQ fy, vuqowQy ifjfLFkfr;k¡ ikrs gh ^egkHkkst* esa bruso"kks± ckn oSQls ,dk,d thfor gks mBs] ;g esjs vius fy, Hkh vk'p;Z dk fo"k; Fkk---,d lq[kn vk'p;Z dkA

ml le; rd gekjs ifjokj esa yM+dh osQ fookg osQ fy, vfuok;Z ;ksX;rk Fkhµmezesa lksyg o"kZ vkSj f'k{kk esa eSfVªdA lu~~ *44 esa lq'khyk us ;g ;ksX;rk izkIr dh vkSj 'kknhdjosQ dksydkrk pyh xbZA nksuksa cM+s HkkbZ Hkh vkxs i<+kbZ osQ fy, ckgj pys x,A bu yksxkasdh N=k&Nk;k osQ gVrs gh igyh ckj eq>s u, fljs ls vius o”kwn dk ,glkl gqvkAfirk th dk è;ku Hkh igyh ckj eq> ij osaQfnzr gqvkA yM+fd;ksa dks ftl mez esa LowQyhf'k{kk osQ lkFk&lkFk lq?kM+ x`fg.kh vkSj oqQ'ky ikd&'kkL=kh cukus osQ uqL[ks tqVk, tkrs Fks]firk th dk vkxzg jgrk Fkk fd eSa jlksbZ ls nwj gh jgw¡A jlksbZ dks os HkfV;kj[kkuk dgrsFks vkSj muosQ fglkc ls ogk¡ jguk viuh {kerk vkSj izfrHkk dks Hk^h esa >ksaduk FkkA ?kjesa vk, fnu fofHkUu jktuSfrd ikfVZ;ksa osQ tekoM+s gksrs Fks vkSj tedj cglsa gksrh FkhaA

2020-21

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cgl djuk firk th dk fiz; 'kxy FkkA pk;&ikuh ;k uk'rk nsus tkrh rks firk th eq>sHkh ogha cSBus dks dgrsA os pkgrs Fks fd eSa Hkh ogha cSBw¡] lquw¡a vkSj tkuw¡ fd ns'k esa pkjksavksj D;k oqQN gks jgk gSA ns'k esa gks Hkh rks fdruk oqQN jgk FkkA lu~ *42 osQ vkanksyuosQ ckn ls rks lkjk ns'k tSls [kkSy jgk Fkk] ysfdu fofHkUu jktuSfrd ikfVZ;ksa dh uhfr;k¡]muosQ vkilh fojksèk ;k erHksnksa dh rks eq>s nwj&nwj rd dksbZ le> ugha FkhA gk¡]ozQkafrdkfj;ksa vkSj ns'kHkDr 'kghnksa osQ jksekuh vkd"kZ.k] mudh oqQckZfu;ksa ls ”k:j euvkozQkar jgrk FkkA

lks nloha d{kk rd vkye ;g Fkk fd fcuk fdlh [kkl le> osQ ?kj esa gksus okyh cglssalqurh Fkh vkSj fcuk pquko fd,] fcuk ys[kd dh vgfe;r ls ifjfpr gq, fdrkcsa i<+rh FkhAysfdu lu~~ *45 esa tSls gh nloha ikl djosQ eSa ^iQLVZ b;j* esa vkbZ] ¯gnh dh izkè;kfidk'khyk vxzoky ls ifjp; gqvkA lkfo=kh xYlZ gkbZ LowQYk---tgk¡ eaSus ddgjk lh[kk] ,d lkyigys gh dkWfyt cuk Fkk vkSj os blh lky fu;qDr gqbZ Fkha] mUgksaus ckdk;nk lkfgR; dhnqfu;k eas izos'k djok;kA ek=k i<+us dks] pquko djosQ i<+us esa cnyk---[kqn pqu&pqudj fdrkcsanha---i<+h gqbZ fdrkcksa ij cglsa dha rks nks lky chrrs&u&chrrs lkfgR; dh nqfu;k 'kjr~&izsepanls c<+dj tSusanz] vKs;] ;'kiky] Hkxorhpj.k oekZ rd iSQy xbZ vkSj fiQj rks iSQyrh gh pyhxbZA ml le; tSusanz th dh NksVs&NksVs ljy&lgt okD;ksa okyh 'kSyh us cgqr vkÑ"V fd;kFkkA ^lquhrk* (miU;kl) cgqr vPNk yxk Fkk] vKs; th dk miU;kl ^'ks[kj % ,d thouh*i<+k ”k:j ij ml le; og esjh le> osQ lhfer nk;js esa lek ugha ik;k FkkA oqQN lkyksackn ^unh osQ }hi* i<+k rks mlus eu dks bl dnj ck¡èkk fd mlh >ksad esa 'ks[kj dks fiQjls i<+ xbZ---bl ckj oqQN le> osQ lkFkA ;g 'kk;n ewY;ksa osQ eaFku dk ;qx Fkk---iki&iq.;]uSfrd&vuSfrd] lgh&xyr dh cuh&cukbZ èkkj.kkvksa osQ vkxs iz'ufpÉ gh ugha yx jgs Fks]mUgsa èoLr Hkh fd;k tk jgk FkkA blh lanHkZ esa tSusanz dk ^R;kxi=k*] Hkxorh ckcw dk^fp=kys[kk* i<+k vkSj 'khyk vxzoky osQ lkFk yach&yach cglsa djrs gq, ml mez esa ftrukle> ldrh Fkh] le>kA

'khyk vxzoky us lkfgR; dk nk;jk gh ugha c<+k;k Fkk cfYd ?kj dh pkjnhokjh osQchp cSBdj ns'k dh fLFkfr;ksa dks tkuus&le>us dk tks flyflyk firk th us 'kq: fd;kFkk] mUgksaus ogk¡ ls [khapdj mls Hkh fLFkfr;ksa dh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh esa cny fn;kAlu~~ *46&47 osQ fnu---os fLFkfr;k¡] mlesa oSls Hkh ?kj esa cSBs jguk laHko Fkk Hkyk\izHkkr&isQfj;k¡] gM+rkyas] tqywl] Hkk"k.k gj 'kgj dk pfj=k Fkk vkSj iwjs ne[ke vkSjtks'k&[kjks'k osQ lkFk bu lcls tqM+uk gj ;qok dk mUeknA eSa Hkh ;qok Fkh vkSj 'khykvxzoky dh tks'khyh ckrksa us jxksa esa cgrs [kwu dks ykos esa cny fn;k FkkA fLFkfr ;g gqbZ

2020-21

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fd ,d coaMj 'kgj eas epk gqvk Fkk vkSj ,d ?kj essaA firk th dh vk”kknh dh lhek;gha rd Fkh fd mudh mifLFkfr esa ?kj esa vk, yksxksa osQ chp mBw¡&cSBw¡] tkuw¡&le>w¡A gkFkmBk&mBkdj ukjs yxkrh] gM+rkysa djokrh] yM+dksa osQ lkFk 'kgj dh lM+osaQ ukirh yM+dhdks viuh lkjh vkèkqfudrk osQ ckotwn cnkZ'r djuk muosQ fy, eqf'dy gks jgk Fkk rksfdlh dh nh gqbZ vk”kknh osQ nk;js esa pyuk esjs fy,A tc jxksa esa ygw dh txg ykokcgrk gks rks lkjs fu"ksèk] lkjh otZuk,¡ vkSj lkjk Hk; oSQls èoLr gks tkrk gS] ;g rHkh tkukvkSj vius ozQksèk ls lcdks FkjFkjk nsus okys firk th ls VDdj ysus dk tks flyflyk rc'kq: gqvk Fkk] jktsanz ls 'kknh dh] rc rd og pyrk gh jgkA

;'k&dkeuk cfYd dgw¡ fd ;'k&fyIlk] firk th dh lcls cM+h nqcZyrk Fkh vkSj muosQthou dh èkqjh Fkk ;g fl¼kar fd O;fDr dks oqQN fof'k"V cu dj thuk pkfg,---oqQN ,slsdke djus pkfg, fd lekt esa mldk uke gks] lEeku gks] izfr"Bk gks] opZLo gksA blosQpyrs gh eSa nks&,d ckj muosQ dksi ls cp xbZ FkhA ,d ckj dkWfyt ls ¯izfliy dk i=kvk;k fd firk th vkdj feysa vkSj crk,¡ fd esjh xfrfofèk;ksa osQ dkj.k esjs f[kykI+kQvuq'kklukRed dkjZokbZ D;ksa u dh tk,\ i=k i<+rs gh firk th vkx&ccwykA ¶;g yM+dheq>s dgha eq¡g fn[kkus yk;d ugha j[ksxh---irk ugha D;k&D;k lquuk iM+sxk ogk¡ tkdj! pkjcPps igys Hkh i<+s] fdlh us ;s fnu ugha fn[kk;kA¸ xqLls ls HkUukrs gq, gh os x, FksAykSVdj D;k dgj cjik gksxk] bldk vuqeku Fkk] lks eSa iM+ksl dh ,d fe=k osQ ;gk¡ tkdjcSB xbZA ek¡ dks dg fn;k fd ykSVdj cgqr oqQN xqckj fudy tk,] rc cqykukA ysfdutc ek¡ us vkdj dgk fd os rks [kq'k gh gSa] pyh py] rks fo'okl ugha gqvkA xbZ rks lgh]ysfdu Mjrs&MjrsA ¶lkjs dkWfyt dh yM+fd;ksa ij bruk jkSc gS rsjk---lkjk dkWfyt rqerhu yM+fd;ksa osQ b'kkjs ij py jgk gS\ ¯izfliy cgqr ijs'kku Fkh vkSj ckj&ckj vkxzgdj jgh Fkh fd eSa rq>s ?kj fcBk yw¡] D;ksafd os yksx fdlh rjg Mjk&èkedkdj]Mk¡V&MiVdj yM+fd;ksa dks Dyklksa esa Hkstrs gSa vkSj vxj rqe yksx ,d b'kkjk dj nks fdDykl NksM+dj ckgj vk tkvks rks lkjh yM+fd;k¡ fudydj eSnku esa tek gksdj ukjs yxkusyxrh gSaA rqe yksxksa osQ ekjs dkWfyt pykuk eqf'dy gks x;k gS mu ykssxksa osQ fy,A¸ dgk¡rks tkrs le; firk th eq¡g fn[kkus ls ?kcjk jgs Fks vkSj dgk¡ cM+s xoZ ls dgdj vk, fd;g rks iwjs ns'k dh iqdkj gS---bl ij dksbZ oSQls jksd yxk ldrk gS Hkyk\ csgn xn~xnLoj esa firk th ;g lc lqukrs jgs vkSj eSa voko~QA eq>s u viuh vk¡[kksa ij fo'okl gksjgk Fkk] u vius dkuksa ijA ij ;g gdhdr FkhA

,d ?kVuk vkSjA vk”kkn ¯gn I+kQkSt osQ eqdnes dk flyflyk FkkA lHkh dkWfytksa]LowQyksa] nqdkuksa osQ fy, gM+rky dk vkàku FkkA tks&tks ugha dj jgs Fks] Nk=kksa dk ,d cgqr

2020-21

f{kfrt

98

cM+k lewg ogk¡ tk&tkdj gM+rky djok jgk FkkA 'kke dks vtesj dk iwjk fo|kFkhZ&oxZpkSiM+ (eq[; ck”kkj dk pkSjkgk) ij bd_k gqvk vkSj fiQj gqbZ Hkk"k.kck”khA bl chp firkth osQ ,d fugk;r nfd;kuwlh fe=k us ?kj vkdj vPNh rjg firk th dh yw mrkjh] ¶vjsml eUuw dh rks er ekjh xbZ gS ij HkaMkjh th vkidks D;k gqvk\ Bhd gS] vkius yM+fd;ksadks vk”kknh nh] ij ns[krs vki] tkus oSQls&oSQls mYkVs&lhèks yM+dksa osQ lkFk gM+rkysadjokrh] gqM+nax epkrh fiQj jgh gS ogA gekjs&vkiosQ ?kjksa dh yM+fd;ksa dks 'kksHkk nsrkgS ;g lc\ dksbZ eku&e;kZnk] b””kr&vkc: dk [k;ky Hkh jg x;k gS vkidks ;k ugha\¸

os rks vkx yxkdj pys x, vkSj firk th lkjs fnu HkHkdrs jgs] ¶cl] vc ;gh jgx;k gS fd yksx ?kj vkdj Fkw&Fkw djosQ pys tk,¡A can djks vc bl eUuw dk ?kj ls ckgjfudyukA¸

bl lcls cs[kcj eSa jkr gksus ij ?kj ykSVh rks firk th osQ ,d csgn varjax vkSjvfHkUu fe=k gh ugha] vtesj osQ lcls izfrf"Br vkSj lEekfur MkW- vackYkky th cSBs FksAeq>s ns[krs gh mUgksaus cM+h xeZtks'kh ls Lokxr fd;k] vkvks] vkvks eUuwA eSa rks pkSiM+ ijrqEgkjk Hkk"k.k lqurs gh lhèkk HkaMkjh th dks cèkkbZ nsus pyk vk;kA ^vkbZ ,e fjvyh izkmMvkWI+kQ ;w*---D;k rqe ?kj esa ?kqls jgrs gks HkaMkjh th---?kj ls fudyk Hkh djksA ^;w gSo feLM

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99

le¯Fkx*] vkSj os èkqvk¡èkkj rkjhI+kQ djus yxsµos cksyrs tk jgs Fks vkSj firk th osQ psgjsdk larks"k èkhjs&èkhjs xoZ esa cnyrk tk jgk FkkA Hkhrj tkus ij ek¡ us nksigj osQ xqLls okyhckr crkbZ rks eSaus jkgr dh lk¡l yhA

vkt ihNs eqM+dj ns[krh gw¡ rks bruk rks le> esa vkrk gh gS D;k rks ml le; esjhmez Fkh vkSj D;k esjk Hkk"k.k jgk gksxk! ;g rks MkWDVj lkgc dk Lusg Fkk tks muosQ eq¡gls iz'kalk cudj cg jgk Fkk ;k ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd vkt ls ipkl lky igys vtesjtSls 'kgj esa pkjksa vksj ls meM+rh HkhM+ osQ chp ,d yM+dh dk fcuk fdlh ladksp vkSjf>>d osQ ;ksa èkqvk¡èkkj cksyrs pys tkuk gh blosQ ewy esa jgk gksA ij firk th! fdruhrjg osQ varfoZjksèkksa osQ chp thrs Fks os! ,d vksj ^fof'k"V* cuus vkSj cukus dh izcyykylk rks nwljh vksj viuh lkekftd Nfo osQ izfr Hkh mruh gh ltxrkA ij D;k ;glaHko gS\ D;k firk th dks bl ckr dk fcyoqQy Hkh vglkl ugha Fkk fd bu nksuksa dkrks jkLrk gh VdjkgV dk gS\

2020-21

f{kfrt

100

lu~~ *47 osQ ebZ eghus esa 'khyk vxzoky dks dkWfyt okyksa us uksfVl Fkek fn;kµyM+fd;ksadks HkM+dkus vkSj dkWfyt dk vuq'kklu fcxkM+us osQ vkjksi esaA bl ckr dks ysdj gqM+naxu eps] blfy, tqykbZ esa FkMZ b;j dh Dykls”k can djosQ ge nks&rhu Nk=kkvksa dk izos'kfuf"k¼ dj fn;kA

gqM+nax rks ckgj jgdj Hkh bruk epk;k fd dkWfyt okyksa dks vxLr esa vkf[kj FkMZb;j [kksyuk iM+kA thr dh [kq'kh] ij lkeus [kM+h cgqr&cgqr cM+h fpj izrhf{kr [kq'kh osQlkeus ;g [kq'kh fcyk xbZA

'krkCnh dh lcls cM+h miyfCèk---15 vxLr 1947

iz'u&vH;kl

1- ysf[kdk osQ O;fDrRo ij fdu&fdu O;fDr;ksa dk fdl :i esa izHkko iM+k\

2- bl vkRedF; esa ysf[kdk osQ firk us jlksbZ dks ^HkfV;kj[kkuk* dgdj D;ksa lacksfèkr fd;k gS\

3- og dkSu&lh ?kVuk Fkh ftlosQ ckjs esa lquus ij ysf[kdk dks u viuh vk¡[kksa ij fo'okl gks ik;k vkSju vius dkuksa ij\

4- ysf[kdk dh vius firk ls oSpkfjd VdjkgV dks vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A5- bl vkRedF; osQ vkèkkj ij Lokèkhurk vkanksyu osQ ifjn`'; dk fp=k.k djrs gq, mlesa eUuw th dh

Hkwfedk dks js[kkafdr dhft,A

jpuk vkSj vfHkO;fDr

6- ysf[kdk us cpiu esa vius Hkkb;ksa osQ lkFk fxYyh MaMk rFkk irax mM+kus tSls [ksy Hkh [ksys ̄drq yM+dhgksus osQ dkj.k mudk nk;jk ?kj dh pkjnhokjh rd lhfer FkkA D;k vkt Hkh yM+fd;ksa osQ fy, fLFkfr;k¡,slh gh gSa ;k cny xbZ gaS] vius ifjos'k osQ vkèkkj ij fyf[k,A

7- euq"; osQ thou esa vkl&iM+ksl dk cgqr egÙo gksrk gSA ijarq egkuxjksa esa jgus okys yksx izk;% ̂ iM+ksldYpj* ls oafpr jg tkrs gSaA bl ckjs esa vius fopkj fyf[k,A

8- ysf[kdk }kjk i<+s x, miU;klksa dh lwph cukb, vkSj mu miU;klksa dks vius iqLrdky; esa [kksft,A

9- vki Hkh vius nSfud vuqHkoksa dks Mk;jh esa fyf[k,A

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eUuw HkaMkjh

101

Hkk"kk&vè;;u

10- bl vkRedF; esa eqgkojksa dk iz;ksx djosQ ysf[kdk us jpuk dks jkspd cuk;k gSA js[kkafdr eqgkojksa dksè;ku esa j[kdj oqQN vkSj okD; cuk,¡µ

(d) bl chp firk th osQ ,d fugk;r nfd;kuwlh fe=k us ?kj vkdj vPNh rjg firk th dhyw mrkjhA

([k) os rks vkx yxkdj pys x, vkSj firk th lkjs fnu HkHkdrs jgsA

(x) cl vc ;gh jg x;k gS fd yksx ?kj vkdj Fkw&Fkw djosQ pys tk,¡A

(?k) i=k i<+rs gh firk th vkx&ccwykA

ikBsrj lfØ;rk

� bl vkRedF; ls gesa ;g tkudkjh feyrh gS fd oSQls ysf[kdk dk ifjp; lkfgR; dh vPNhiqLrdksa ls gqvkA vki bl tkudkjh dk ykHk mBkrs gq, vPNh lkfgfR;d iqLrosaQ i<+us dkflyflyk 'kq: dj ldrs gSaA dkSu tkurk gS fd vki esa ls gh dksbZ vPNk ikBd cuus osQlkFk&lkFk vPNk jpukdkj Hkh cu tk,A

� ysf[kdk osQ cpiu osQ [ksyksa esa y¡xM+h Vk¡x] idM+e&idM+kbZ vkSj dkyh&Vhyks vkfn 'kkfey FksAD;k vki Hkh ;g [ksy [ksyrs gSaA vkiosQ ifjos'k esa bu [ksyksa osQ fy, dkSu&ls 'kCn izpyu esagSaA buosQ vfrfjDr vki tks [ksy [ksyrs gSa mu ij ppkZ dhft,A

� Lora=krk vkanksyu esa efgykvksa dh Hkh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh jgh gSA muosQ ckjs esa tkudkjh izkIrdhft, vkSj muesa ls fdlh ,d ij izkstsDV rS;kj dhft,A

'kCn&laink

vgaoknh & ?keaMhHkXuko'ks"k & [kaMgj (VwVs&iwQVs fgLls)foLiQkfjr & vkSj vfèkd iSQyuk (c<+kuk)vkØkar & d"VxzLrfuf"k¼ & ftl ij jksd yxkbZ xbZ gksopZLo & ncnckjktsanz & ;gk¡ ̄ gnh osQ izeq[k dFkkdkj ,oa gal if=kdk osQ laiknd jktsanz ;kno

osQ ckjs esa dgk x;k gSegkHkkst & eUuw HkaMkjh dk pfpZr miU;kl gSA nk lkgc mlosQ izeq[k ik=k gSa

2020-21

f{kfrt

102

uewus osQ rkSj ij ;gk¡ 9 o"khZ; f'kokad dh Mk;jh dk ,d iUuk fn;k tk jgk gSµ

30 ekpZ] 2001 'kqozQokjvkt lqcg ikik us tYnh ls eq>s mBk;k vkSj dgk] ¶ns[kks&ns[kks] ckfj'k gks jgh gS] vksysfxj jgs gSaaA cgqr BaM iM+ jgh gSA¸ fiQj eSa tYnh ls mBk vkSj ikik ls dgk] ¶nhnh dksHkh mBkvksA¸ fiQj geus ns[kk fd gekjs ?kj osQ lkeus okys xzkmaM esa gjh&gjh ?kkl ijlI+ksQn&lI+ksQn vksys fxj jgs FksA ,slk yx jgk Fkk fdlh us pesyh osQ iwQy fxjk j[ks gSaA cgqrvPNk yx jgk FkkA vksys iM+ jgs FksA ckfj'k gks jgh Fkh] fpfM+;k Hkkx jgh Fkh] dkS, ijs'kkuFks] isM+ dk¡i jgs Fks] fctyh ped jgh Fkh] ckny Mjk jgs FksA ,d fpfM+;k gekjh f[kM+dhij Mjh&Mjh cSBh FkhA cgqr nsj rd cSBh jghA fiQj mM+ xbZA vHkh rd dksbZ cPpk [ksyusugha fudykA blfy, eSa vkt tYnh Mk;jh fy[k jgk gw¡A lqcg osQ nl cts gSaA eSa viuklhfj;y ns[kus tk jgk gw¡A vkt esjk U;w bad isu vkSj isafly ckWDl vk;kA vkt nksigj dks/wi fudyh] fiQj ge [ksyus fudysA vktdy ge yksx fe^h osQ xksys cuk osQ lq[kk nsrsgSa fiQj ge muosQ mQij isafVax djrs gSa mlosQ ckn fiQj muls [ksyrs gSaA

tkfu, y¡xM+h dh oqQ'rh oSQls [ksyh tkrh gSµ

,d LFkku esa chp dh ykbu osQ cjkcj iQklys ij nks ykbuas [khaph tkrh gSaA nks f[kykM+hchp dh ykbu ij vkdj y¡xM+h ck¡/dj vius eqdkcys okys dks viuh&viuh ykbu osQikj [khap ys tkus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA ftldh y¡xM+h VwV tkrh gS vFkok tks ̄ [kp tkrkgS mldh gkj gksrh gSA ;g [ksy Vksfy;ksa esa Hkh [ksyk tkrk gSA fn, gq, le; osQ vanj ftlVksyh osQ vf/d cPps y¡xM+h rksM+ nsrs gSa vFkok ̄ [kp tkrs gSa ml Vksyh dh gkj gksrh gSA

2020-21