First semester Grade 10 Advanced Unit 7 Inheritance and variation Name...
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First semester
Grade 10 Advanced
Unit 7
Inheritance and variation
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TopicNo. Pg
Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Chromosome structure الكروموسوم رت كيب
3
Chromosomes and Chromatins الكروموسوم والكرومتيد
4
Types of variation التباين 5انواع
CONTINUOUS Variation المستمر 6التباين
DISCONTINUOUS Variation المتقطع 7التباين
Exercises تمرينات
8
Contents
Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Unit 7
Standards:
1
Inheritance and variation
10A.12.1 Describe a chromosome and know that chromosomes carry DNA and that all somatic cells are diploid (2n), and have a double set of chromosomes, while gametes
are haploid (n), having a half set of chromosomes.
الكروموسوم ي الكرومو ويعرفصف النووي سأن الحمض تحمل ومات DNA ثنائية مجموعات تحوي الجسمية الخاليا جميع من ) 2n(وأن
فردية مجموعات تحوي األمشاج وأن من ) n(الكرموسوماتالكروموسومات
10A.13.1
Identify environmental and genetic causes of variation and distinguish between continuous and discontinuous variation within a population.
التباين يحدد من والوراثية البيئية االختالف ، األسباب بين والتمييزالسكان بين والمتقطع .المستمر
Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Key WordsKey WordsScientific term معنى
المصطلح Scientific term معنى
المصطلح
chromosome,sperm,
chromatin,egg
centromerescontinuous variation
somatic cell,discontinuous variation
gamete (sex cell)environmental factors
diploid (2n) ,genetic factors
haploid (n)sexual reproduction
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Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
DNA - is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life
بها تقوم التي الحيوية األنشطة CدDحدC ت التى Eالوراثية Eاألوامر على Eحتوي ي الذي النووي الحامض هو. الحية الخاليا جميع
Diploid organism: two sets of chromosomes ( one from each parent) (2n) like : all human cells
Haploid organism: one set of chromosomes (n), like : sperm or egg.
Chromosome structure
Nucleuse
عن : عبارة للكروموسومات الكامل الكروموسومات مجموعتينالعدد منأب ) واحدة ( كل ك 2nمن جميع ، في الجسمية ما الخاليا
المختزل ( ) النصفي العددعبارة : للكروموسومات
واحدة من مجموعةك في الكروموسومات ما
والبويضة . المنوي الحيوان
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Chromosome
Diploid Haploid
Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Chromosomes and Chromatins
Children born from the same parents all look slightly different , we call these differences
variation. ”
الوالدين ل االطفا نفس من يولدون الذينيسمى ما وهذا االختالفات بعض بينهم تكون
بالتباينVariation is the range of differences that there are between individual organisms. Variation can be within species Think of all the differences between individual humans) الواحد النوع افراد فى التباين . يحدث
These are different varieties of the same species
There are variations in skin colour, hair colour, hair curliness, eye colour and sex فى تباين العيون هناك ولون الشعر، تجاعيد فى البشره، ، لون. والجنسVariations may be inherited or acquired
الحيه الكئنات بين االختالفات مجموعه هو التباين
الواحد للنوع اصناف توجد
يكتسب وقد يورث قد التباين
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Chromatins
variationacquired
inherited
Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Types of variationوراثى Genetic variation- 1تباين
differences that are due to the DNA inside the cells of the
organism rather than the effect that its surroundings have on it.
2- Environmental variation البيئه تسببه تباين Differences that are due to the external environment. For example المحيطه
availability of water, nutrients, light, prevailing winds.
Here are some examples:
بس للخليه بتباين النووى الحمض فى يوجد الذى الجينى التركيب ب
خارجيه بيئيه عوامل تسببها اختالفات
Genetic variationوراثيتباين
Environmental variation
بيئي تباين
Genetic andEnvironmental
وبيئي وراثي تباين
Earlobes hapeاالذن حلمه شكل
Intelligenceالذكاء Scarندبه
Eye color العين كتله Body massالنطق Spokenلونالجسم
Nose shape شكلاالنف
Height الطول
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Genetic
Environmental
Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Variation
Have any value between two extremes. قيمتين بين قيمه لهطرفيتين
E.g. Height of human االنسان فى الطول مثال
Body mass of cats الجسم القطط كتله في
Trumpet length of daffodils النرجس بوق طول
Leaf width of shrub الشجرة عرض ورقه
Length of bacteria البكتريا طول
Variation can be CONTINUOUS, المستمر التباين
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CONTINUOUS
DISCONTINUOUS
Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
in this case there only a few possible categories that the characteristic can fall into.
E.g:
الواحد النوع فى االزهار Flower color in a single species لوناالنسان عند الدم Human blood group فصائل
االذن حلمه ear lobe type شكل Bacteria that are or are
not resistant to an antibiotic
Variation can be DISCONTINUOUS, المتقطع التباين
المقاومه وغير المقاومه البكتريا
7http://www.tutorvista.com/content/biology/biology-iii/heredity-and-variation/heredity-variation-animation.php
Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Question 1:
Exercises
Label the diagram below. البيانات اكتب
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Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Fill in the blank
(Centromeres - Nucleus - Zygote – Chromatid)
Genetic material is found in the-----------------------
فى توجد الوراثيه ---------------------الماده
Each individual strand of a chromosome is called a (n)----------------
يسمى للكروموسوم الفردى .....................الخيط
The structure which holds two chromatids together is called the --------
الكروماتدي يربط الذى يسمى دينالتركيب بعضهما مع .........................
Question 2:
بكلمات التالية الفراغات املئاألعلى من مناسبة
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Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
Question 3:10 minutes
(max)Read the text below then answer the following questions.
األسئلة : على أجب ثم التالي النص أقرأ الثالث السؤال: التالية
3 -Write a summary for the above text.بأسلوبك - 3 السابق النص لخص
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
READING ACTIVITY
10
DNA is only as powerful as the proteins it produces. Proteins are products of gene expression that create our phenotype. Some genes work alone producing a protein that results in a phenotype for a single gene trait. Other genes work together along with the environment to create a phenotype for multifactorial conditions
Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation
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Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation