Evolution by Natural Selection and Systematics. Systematics: Classification System.
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Transcript of Evolution by Natural Selection and Systematics. Systematics: Classification System.
![Page 1: Evolution by Natural Selection and Systematics. Systematics: Classification System.](https://reader036.fdocument.pub/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5697bfce1a28abf838ca9aab/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Evolution by Natural Selection and Systematics
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Systematics: Classification System
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3 Domains of life: Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria
2 to 8 million species1.5 million named
Maybe billions of species! Maybe billions of species!
More go extinct than are identified on a daily basis
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Binomial nomenclature (how we name things in science so
there’s no confusion)
Homo sapiens Corvus corax Corvus brachyrhychosHomo neanderthalensis
genus
specie
s
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Convergent Evolution
Hawkmoths
Sunbirds
Hummingbirds
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Evolution via natural selection
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What would happen if all of the trees and dinosaurs were the same size?
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Individual variation is necessary for natural selection to occur.
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What would happen if all the dinosaurs produced just one offspring?
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Differential fitness is necessary for natural selection to occur.
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What would happen if offspring never resembled their parents?
Parents:
Offspring:
✖
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Traits must be heritable for natural selection to occur
✖Parents:
Offspring:
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Conditions required for natural selection to occur:
Individual variation: members of a species differ in their characteristics
Differential fitness: some individuals leave more offspring than others due to their special inherited traits
Mode of inheritance: parents pass on some of their traits to their offspring
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Organisms do not “try” to change. It happens by random chance!
Change in population occurs because of differences in reproductive success.
Total offspring + future generations = “fitness”
Organisms do not evolve because they want or need to change.
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Tomorrow!
• We’re going to the PL Wright Museum – this is the most important collection of specimens between Seattle and Chicago.
• While looking at the specimens, can you think of adaptations that enable the species to thrive? • What do the teeth of herbivores look like? How are they different from carnivores?• Why do zebras have stripes? Is it adaptation?
• What is your favorite species and why? • Can you identify other species in the same family? What sets this species apart from others?
• Show up on-time in this class. We will walk over together. Bring your notebooks and something to write with.