Environment and sustainable developmentEnvironment and sustainable developmentVidZ1000

Doc. Jānis Za ļoksnis

KĀDU DZĪVI MUMS PAREDZĒJA 1900. GADĀMūsdienu tehnoloģiju att īstības tempi ir tik strauji, ka var apgalvot, ka mēs jau tagad dzīvojam nākotnē. Taču ne vienmēr tā ir bijis, t āpēc interesanti palūkoties, kādi nākotni mums paredzēja cilvēki, kas dzīvoja pirms 100 gadiem. Viens no šādiem pareģiem bija franču mākslinieks Žans-

Marks Kot ē ar savu kartiņu sēriju “Dz īve 2000. gadā”.

Elektriskā birste, kas pati tīra grīdu. Šis pareģojums, kā zināms, piepildījies ar uzviju.

Laukstr ādnieks tikai spaida pogas, bet mehanizēti agregāti novāc visu labību.

Mūsu laikam bija paredzēti ļoti nīkul īgi helikopteri.

Cik ērti, ja visa māja pārvietojas uz riteņiem ! Kaut kas neiedomājams, vai ne ?

Krievu „nostradami”, izr ādījās ļoti novatoriski – viņi paredzēja ierīces, kas

vienlaikus varēs pārraid īt gan skaņu, gan attēlu !

Grāmatas, kurās aprakstītā informācija pa vadiem nonāk smadzenēs, –par to taču sapņo ikviens skolēns !

Sustainable Sustainable developmentdevelopment

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CLIMATECLIMATECHANGESCHANGES

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CHANGESCHANGESShips emission clouds at the US east coast from spa ce

Sustainabledevelopment

scenario

Technological

POSSIBLE CLIMATE CHANGES IN FUTUREPOSSIBLE CLIMATE CHANGES IN FUTURE

Technologicalprogress scenario

“Bussiness asusual” scenario

oC

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PROVED PROVED FACTS…FACTS…

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Information

Date: 29 Nov.–10 Dec. 2010

Location: Cancún, Mexico

Participants: UNFCCC member countries

Date:28 November 2011 –11 December 2011

Location: Durban, South Africa

Webpage cop17-cmp7durban.com

10 million Facebook likes

for continuation of the

Kyoto protocol up to 2020

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(Warsaw, 23 November 2013) The UN Climate Change Co nference in Warsaw ended on Saturday, keeping governments on a track towards a universal climate agreement in 2015 and including significant new decisions tha t will cut emissions from deforestation and on loss and damage.

The Club of RomeThe Club of Rome

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Hans-Peter Durr (1929), German physicist Mikhail Gorbatchev (1931) , former President of the USSR

Ernesto Zedillo, former president of MexicoDr. Bohdan Hawrylyshyn (1926) – Chairman, International Management Institute – Kyiv, Ukraine

Mugur Isarescu (1949), the Governor of the National Bank of Romania Erich Jantsch, author of Technological Forecasting (†)

Derrick de Kerckhove, author of “The Skin of Culture and Connected Intelligence” Vaclav Havel (†), former President of the Czech Republic

Alexandr King (†), founder of the Club of RomeMax Kohnstamm (Netherlands), former Secretary General of the Europen Coal and Steel Community (†)

Queen Beatrix of the NetherlandsDavid Korten , author of the “Agenda for a New Economy”

Dennis Meadows , author of the “Limits to Growth”Donella Meadows (†) , author of the “Limits to Growth”

Mihajlo D. Mesarovic, UNESCO Scientific Advisor on Global change

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Mihajlo D. Mesarovic, UNESCO Scientific Advisor on Global changeGeorge P. Mitchell , American businessman, real estate developer and philanthropist

Aurelio Peccei (†), founder of the Club of RomeJohn R. Platt (†), American physicist and biophysicist

Jean Saint-Geours , Ministry of Finance in Paris Hugo Thiemann (†), Swiss founding member

Jacques Delors , former President of the European CommissionPierre Elliott Trudeau (†), former prime minister of Canada

Robert Uffen (†), Canadian research geophysicist Koichiro Matsuura , Japan, Director General of the UNESCO

Frederic Vester (†), German biochemist,and an expert in the field of ecologyIvo Slaus , Croatian nuclear, member of the Board of Trustees of World Academy of Art & Science

B.F.Paton , President of the Natiobnal Academy of Sciences of UkraineManmonah Singh , Prime minister ot the Republic of India

Wangari Maathai , founder of the Green Belt Movement, recipient of the Nobel PrizeMahdi Elmandjra , Morroccan futurist, economist and sociologist

Prince Hassan bin Talal , JordaniaJuan Carlos I , King of Spain

Prince Phillipe , Crown Prince of Belgium

Club of Rome Global Assembly 2009Club of Rome Global Assembly 2009

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Amsterdam DeclarationAmsterdam Declarationof the Global Assembly of the Club of Romeof the Global Assembly of the Club of Rome

…The goals of concerted international climate action must be:to adopt, at the UN Climate Conference in Copenhagen, legally

binding agreements that will initiate immediate action to

achieve a stable climate with

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achieve a stable climate with

atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 not exceeding 350 ppm

…

Dr. Dennis Dr. Dennis MeadowsMeadows

•• Dennis Meadows (born June 7, 1942) is an American Dennis Meadows (born June 7, 1942) is an American scientist and Emeritus Professor of Systems Managem ent, scientist and Emeritus Professor of Systems Managem ent, and former director of the Institute for Policy and Social and former director of the Institute for Policy and Social Science Research at the University of New Hampshire . Science Research at the University of New Hampshire .

•• He is President of the Laboratory for Interactive L earning He is President of the Laboratory for Interactive L earning and widely known as the coand widely known as the co--author of The Limits to Growth.author of The Limits to Growth.

•• Dennis Meadows received a BA from Carleton College, a Dennis Meadows received a BA from Carleton College, a Ph.D. In Management from the MIT Sloan School of Ph.D. In Management from the MIT Sloan School of Management, and holds four honorary doctorates.Management, and holds four honorary doctorates.

•• He started working at the faculty of the Massachuse tts He started working at the faculty of the Massachuse tts Institute of Technology in the late 1960s. Institute of Technology in the late 1960s.

•• From 1970 to 1972 at MIT he was director of the "Cl ub of From 1970 to 1972 at MIT he was director of the "Cl ub of Rome Project on the Predicament of Mankind".Rome Project on the Predicament of Mankind".

•• Further on Meadows has been a tenured professor in Further on Meadows has been a tenured professor in faculties of management, engineering, and social sc iences. faculties of management, engineering, and social sc iences. He has facilitated workshops and developed innovati ve and He has facilitated workshops and developed innovati ve and complex strategic games all over the world for deca des. complex strategic games all over the world for deca des.

•• In addition, Dr. Meadows has lectured in over 50 co untries, In addition, Dr. Meadows has lectured in over 50 co untries, •• In addition, Dr. Meadows has lectured in over 50 co untries, In addition, Dr. Meadows has lectured in over 50 co untries, also in Latvia.also in Latvia.

•• He has been the Director of three university resear ch He has been the Director of three university resear ch institutes: at MIT, Dartmouth College and the Unive rsity of institutes: at MIT, Dartmouth College and the Unive rsity of New Hampshire. He is the Past President of the Inte rnational New Hampshire. He is the Past President of the Inte rnational System Dynamics Society and the International Simu lation System Dynamics Society and the International Simu lation and Games Association.and Games Association.

•• He has been a corporate board member and a consulta nt for He has been a corporate board member and a consulta nt for government, industry and nongovernment, industry and non--profit groups in the U.S. and profit groups in the U.S. and many countries abroad. many countries abroad.

•• He coHe co--founded the Balaton Group, a network of ca. 300 founded the Balaton Group, a network of ca. 300 professionals in over 30 nations involved in system s professionals in over 30 nations involved in system s science, public policy and sustainable development. science, public policy and sustainable development.

•• He has received numerous international awards for h is work, He has received numerous international awards for h is work, including the Japan Prize in April 2009.including the Japan Prize in April 2009.

2020

Scenario for world developmentScenario for world development

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WORLD POPULATIONWORLD POPULATION

222222

Mechanism of feedback POPULATION; INDUSTRIAL CAPITAL

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TENDENCIES OF WORLD TENDENCIES OF WORLD POPULATIONPOPULATION

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Pasaules iedzīvotāju skaits, miljardi

Nr. Desmit apdzīvotākās valstis

1990 2008 2025*

1. Ķīna 1,141 1,333 1,458

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1. Ķīna 1,141 1,333 1,458

2. Indija 0,849 1,140 1,398

3. ASV 0,250 0,304 0,352

4. Indonēzija 0,178 0,228 0,273

5. Brazīlija 0,150 0,192 0,223

6. Pakistāna 0,108 0,166 0,226

7. Bangladeša 0,116 0,160 0,198

8. Nigērija 0,094 0,151 0,208

9. Krievija 0,148 0,142 0,137

10. Japāna 0,124 0,128 0,126

Pasaule, kopā 5,265 6,688 8,004

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World oil reservesWorld oil reserves

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Rate of the world consumption of natural gas

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2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250

Vieta ValstsDabasgāzes apstiprinātie

kr ājumi, m³% no kopējādaudzuma

Inform ācijas dati

Pasaule, kopā 300,000,000,000,000 100% 2012 1. Krievija 55,000,000,000,000 18,3% 2010 2. Ir āna 33,500,000,000,000 11,1% 2011 3. Turkm ēnija 26,200,000,000,000 8,73% 2012 4. Katara 25,470,000,000,000 8,5% 2010 5. ASV 9,000,000,000,000 3,0% 2011 6. Saūda Arābija 8,200,000,000,000 2,73% 2012 7. Azerbaidžāna 6,071,000,000,000 2,02% 20108. Venecuēla 5,524,500,000,000 1,84% 20119. Nigērija 5,246,000,000,000 1,75% 2010 10. Alžīrija 4,502,000,000,000 1,37% 2010 11. Austrālija 3,825,000,000,000 1,27% 2012 12. Ir āka 3,600,000,000,000 1,17% 2012

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12. Ir āka 3,600,000,000,000 1,17% 2012 13. Ķīna 3,100,000,000,000 1,02% 2012 14. Indonēzija 3,001,000,000,000 1,58% 2010 15. Kazahija 2,407,000,000,000 1,27% 2010 16. Malaizija 2,350,000,000,000 1.24% 2010 17. Norvēģija 2,313,000,000,000 1,22% 2010

18. AAE 2,250,000,000,000 1,18% 2010 19. Uzbekija 1,841,000,000,000 0,97% 2010 20. Kuveita 1,798,000,000,000 0,95% 2010 21. Kanāda 1,754,000,000,000 0,92% 2010.22. Ēģipte 1,656,000,000,000 0,87% 2010 23. L ībija 1,539,000,000,000 0,81% 2010 24. Nīderlande 1,416,000,000,000 0,74% 2010 25. Ukraina 1,104,000,000,000 0,58% 2010 26. Indija 1,075,000,000,000 0,57% 2010

WORLD FORESTS

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Exploitation of forestsExploitation of forests

Costa Rica Latvia 31

Oxidazingsubstance

Irritant(kairinoša) substance

Combustible orflammablesubstance

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substance substance

Toxicsubstance

Dangerous forenvironment

Pungent(kodīga)

substance

Eexplosivesubstance

Environmental pollutionEnvironmental pollution andand healthhealth

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Sustainable developmentSustainable development

“Sustainable development “Sustainable development meets the needs of the meets the needs of the

present generations present generations present generations present generations without compromising without compromising

the ability of future the ability of future generations to meet their generations to meet their

own needs."own needs."

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1987Gro Harlem Bruntland

DEVELOPMENT NEEDED FOR THE WORLDDEVELOPMENT NEEDED FOR THE WORLD

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Sustainable Development Strategy of Latvia up to 20 30.Sustainable Development Strategy of Latvia up to 20 30.

In the 20th century Latvia had several great intent ions - establishment of an independent country and its reconstruction, integra tion into the European

Union and to the NATO. Now these plans have been ful filled, and the time has come to decide on what kind of Latvia do we want ou r children and the next

generations to live

Key principles of the strategy are happy people in a prosperous country, sustainable and healthy way of life, creative and t olerant society, cooperation-

based competitiveness and country as a "fastability " partner.based competitiveness and country as a "fastability " partner.

Then four development scenarios were elaborated and discussed in five regional forums. Based on this stage, now the first draft of the strategy is

being developed.

After approval in the parliament (Saeima), the strate gy became the main planning document of the country with legal force. All other strategic planning

documents will be developed or modified according to the directions and priorities set out in this strategy.

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The World history in 12 hours. Now is 11:59:59

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RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCESRADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES

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Maria SklodowskaMaria Sklodowska--CurieCurie

Antoine Henri BecquerelAntoine Henri Becquerel

Nuclear Nuclear weaponsweapons

A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reaction, either fission. Both reactions release vast quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter. The first fission ("atomic") bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tons of TNT. The first thermonuclear ("hydrogen") bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 10,000,000 tons of TNT.A modern thermonuclear weapon weighing little more than 1,100 kg can produce an explosive force comparable to the detonation of more than 1.2 million tons (1.1 million metric tons) of TNT. Thus, even a small nuclear device no larger than traditional bombs can devastate an entire city by blast, fire and radiation. Nuclear weapons are considered weapons of mass destruction, and their use control has been a major focus of international relations policy since their debut.Only two nuclear weapons have been used in the course of

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Only two nuclear weapons have been used in the course of warfare, both by the United States near the end of World War II. On 6 August 1945, a uranium gun-type device code-named “Little Boy" was detonated over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. Three days later, on 9 August, a plutonium implosion-type device code-named “Fat Man" was exploded over Nagasaki, Japan. These two bombings resulted in the deaths of approximately 200,000 Japanese people—mostly civilians—from acute injuries sustained from the explosions. Only a few nations possess such weapons or are suspected of seeking them. The only countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons—and that acknowledge possessing such weapons—are the United States, the Russia, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan, and North Korea. In addition, Israel is also widely believed to possess nuclear weapons, though it does not acknowledge having them.

Radiation sensitivity of the Radiation sensitivity of the different speciesdifferent species

Species LD50 Species LD50

Sheep 1,5 – 2,5 Gy Rabbits 9,0 – 10,0 Gy

Dogs 2,5 – 3,0 Gy Birds 8,0 – 20,0 Gy

People 2,5 – 5,5 Gy Fishes 8,0 – 20,0 Gy

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People 2,5 – 5,5 Gy Fishes 8,0 – 20,0 Gy

Monkeys 2,5 – 6,0 Gy Insects 10,0 – 100,0 Gy

Mousses 6,0 – 15,0 Gy Snakes 8,.0 –200,0 Gy

Rats 7,0 – 9,0 Gy Plants 10,0 –1500,0 Gy

Principles of the nuclear reactorPrinciples of the nuclear reactor

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The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine. It is considered the worst nuclear power plant accident in history, and is one of only two classified as a level 7 event on the International Nuclear Event Scale (the other being is the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster). The battle to contain the contamination and avert a greater catastrophe ultimately involved over 500,000 workers and cost an estimated 18 billion rubles, crippling the Soviet economy.

CHERNOBYL DISASTER

42Chernobyl sarcophagus

FORMATION OF THE OZONE HOLESFORMATION OF THE OZONE HOLES

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DOCUMENTS ABOUT ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOP MENTDOCUMENTS ABOUT ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOP MENT

LISBON TREATYTITLE I

COMMON PROVISIONS ...

Article B

The Union shall set itself the following objectives:

to promote economic and social progress which is balanced and

sustainable

Stockholm (1972 )- United Nations Conference on the Human Environment

United Nations Environmental and Development commission– „Our Common Future”

Rio De Janeiro (1992)

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sustainable

UN Decade on Education for SustainableDevelopment (2005-2014)

Rio De Janeiro (1992)-United Nations Conference on the Environmental and Development

- Rio+20

COUNCIL OFCOUNCIL OFTTHE EUROPEAN UNIONHE EUROPEAN UNION

Brussels, 26 June 2006Brussels, 26 June 200610917/0610917/06

From: General Secretariat

To: Delegations of MS of the EU

Subject: Review of the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EU SDS) Renewed Strategy

KEY CHALLENGESKEY CHALLENGESClimate Change and clean energyTo limit climate change and its costs and negative effects to society and the environment

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To limit climate change and its costs and negative effects to society and the environment Sustainable TransportTo ensure that our transport systems meet society’s economic, social and environmental needs whilst minimising their undesirable impacts on the economy, society and the environmentSustainable consumption and productionTo promote sustainable consumption and production patterns Conservation and management of natural resourcesTo improve management and avoid overexploitation of natural resources, recognising the value of ecosystem services Public HealthTo promote good public health on equal conditions and improve protection against health threatsSocial inclusion, demography and migrationTo create a socially inclusive society by taking into account solidarity between and within generations and to secure and increase the quality of life of citizens as a precondition for lasting individual well-beingGlobal poverty and sustainable development challengesTo actively promote sustainable development worldwide and ensure that the European Union’s internal and external policies are consistent with global sustainable development and its international commitments

EU EnvironmentalEnvironmentalCommissionerCommissioner

EU Climate limate CommissionerCommissioner

Connie Hedegaard

EU DevelopmentDevelopmentCommissionerCommissioner

Andris Piebalgs

Commissioners of the EUCommissioners of the EU

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Karmenu Vella, Malta Environment, maritime affairs

and fishery

Miguel Arias Cañete, Spain Climate changes and energy

Neven Mimica, Horv ātijaInternational cooperation and

development

CommissionerCommissionerJanez Poto čnik

The Programme of the GreecePresidency of the Council of the

European Union

Environment, within the wider context of sustainabl e

1896

47Trio : Lithuania, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg

Environment, within the wider context of sustainabl e development, will be key in the Hellenic Presidency ’s

agenda. The challenges posed by the current economi c and financial situation cannot be addressed effectively in the

long term without a continuing emphasis on green gr owth and resource efficiency.

Thus, the objective of the Hellenic Presidency will remain to ensure a high level of environmental protection tha t can also stimulate a harmonious, balanced and sustainab le

economic growth. The recent adoption of the 7th Environment Action

Programme will provide an overarching framework to guide the formulation of the programme and priorities of the

Presidency. On the international level, the Rio+20 follow-up will give the opportunity to further specify EU pos itions on several issues pursued at the UN General Assembly l evel.

ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT AND ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT AND SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTIONSUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION

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WORLD MAP BY ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT OF WORLD MAP BY ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT OF THE COUNTRIESTHE COUNTRIES

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People are using resources and ecosystem’s services from different countries of the world. Their ecological footprint is the sum of these different territories ,

independently of their home country. Largest ecolog ical footprint is for US, China and India. Largest ecological footprint per person is in US, but in China and India it

is three times smaller comparing with word’s averag e ecological footprint.

Port āla Port āla www.politika.lvwww.politika.lv sabiedr ības diskusijasabiedr ības diskusija2008. gada jūlijs 2008. gada jūlijs -- augustsaugusts

Vai piekr īti, ka vide Latvij ā būtu jāsarg ā?

50

97%

3%

Jā

Nē

Port āla www.politika.lv sabiedr ības diskusija2008. gada jūlijs - augusts

Ko tu personiski b ūtu gatavs dar īt zaļākas dz īves lab ā?

Šķirot atkritumus

27%

14%

12%15%

5%

14%

13%

Biežāk izmantot sabiedriskotransportu

Nosiltināt mājokli

Izmantot energoefektīvasspuldzītes u.c. ierīces

Ēst mazāk gaļas

Atteikties no vienreizējāslietošanas precēm

Izvēlēties vietējo preci

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ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION HOME PAGE

www.geo.lu.lv/vidz/via

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WATER USE FOR THE ONE CUP OF COFFE

Coffe-Latte

COVERWATER

SUGARCUP

208 litres/cup

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PACKAGINGCOFFE

ENERGY

= 1 litre

SUGAR

142.8 litres

MILK