Entwicklung von Flugzeugkabinen - HAW Hamburg · Aircraft Refuelling Left Side Pressure Refuel...
Transcript of Entwicklung von Flugzeugkabinen - HAW Hamburg · Aircraft Refuelling Left Side Pressure Refuel...
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Entwicklung von FlugzeugkabinenEntwicklung von FlugzeugkabinenEntwicklung von FlugzeugkabinenEntwicklung von FlugzeugkabinenEntwicklung von FlugzeugkabinenEntwicklung von FlugzeugkabinenEntwicklung von FlugzeugkabinenEntwicklung von Flugzeugkabinen
Joachim Joachim Joachim Joachim HehemannHehemannHehemannHehemannCabin Architecture Manager Cabin Architecture Manager Cabin Architecture Manager Cabin Architecture Manager
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ContentContentContentContentContentContentContentContent! Cabin design principles! Customer / passenger involvement! Areas of concern
! Example: A380 Cabin concept• Main dimensions• Reference layout• Cabin Operation
– Boarding / deplaning– Cabin servicing concept– Flexibility concept
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Design principles Design principles Design principles Design principles Design principles Design principles Design principles Design principles! All cabin items to be handled by passengers are subject to damage
– if they are not easy to handle,– if it is not evident how to handle them– and if they are not properly designed !
! Weight constraints do not allow an aircraft cabin to be built as solidas home furniture. Replacement of damaged parts must be easy andquick, without removing adjacent parts or use of special tools.
! Safety aspects are a primary concern. The cabin must be designed insuch a way, that the possibility of passenger and cabin crew injuriesare limited to the greatest possible extent during normal operationand during emergency evacuation.
! An aircraft cabin is a workplace for the crew. An un-ergonomicenvironment may directly translate into low service quality.
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Design principlesDesign principlesDesign principlesDesign principlesDesign principlesDesign principlesDesign principlesDesign principles
! Practicality (user- orientated)! Safety (first)! (low) Weight (sum of all elements)! Durability (of parts) and tenacity (of alignment)! Maintainability, repairability and exchangability! Flexibility in operation! Comfort (visual, sensual, aural)! Operational aspects (boarding time etc.)! Handling qualities (stowage bins, systems etc.)! Simple design
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Customer / passenger involvementCustomer / passenger involvementCustomer / passenger involvementCustomer / passenger involvementCustomer / passenger involvementCustomer / passenger involvementCustomer / passenger involvementCustomer / passenger involvement
! The customer is playing and increased role in thecabin design
! The passenger opinion is important also for themanufacturer
• A380 Airbus Industie First passenger survey 1998Second passenger survey 1999
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Airline involvementAirline involvementAirline involvementAirline involvementAirline involvementAirline involvementAirline involvementAirline involvement
Major 747-400 operatorsMajor 747-400 operatorsMajor 747-400 operatorsMajor 747-400 operatorsMajor 747-400 operatorsMajor 747-400 operatorsMajor 747-400 operatorsMajor 747-400 operatorsinvolved in A380 design since 1996involved in A380 design since 1996involved in A380 design since 1996involved in A380 design since 1996involved in A380 design since 1996involved in A380 design since 1996involved in A380 design since 1996involved in A380 design since 1996
" 20 major airlines have been shaping thedesign of the A3XX / A380 for five years
" They represent two thirds of seats offered inaircraft with more than 400 seats
" They all operate 747-400s on a wide range ofmission types : very short to very long haul,high comfort to high density layouts, in allpassenger, combi or freighter configurations
" They are the core of the global airlinealliances taking shape
" Half of them are based in the Asia-Pacificarea
" Their expertise in their business is widelyrecognized
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1998 passenger research1998 passenger research1998 passenger research1998 passenger research1998 passenger research1998 passenger research1998 passenger research1998 passenger research
How do I feelabout sitting here ?
What influencesthe way I feel ?
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Scope of the projectScope of the projectScope of the projectScope of the projectScope of the projectScope of the projectScope of the projectScope of the project
! Fieldwork undertaken April - July 1998
! 8 cities in 3 continents
! Some 1 200 people surveyed
! Frequent long-haul travelers
! First, Business and Economy
! 2 000 man-hours of interviews
! 200 hours of recorded material
! Key A380 airlines invited to observe subject tosigned NDA
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FieldworkFieldworkFieldworkFieldworkFieldworkFieldworkFieldworkFieldwork
SanSanFranciscoFrancisco
NewNewYorkYork
TokyoTokyo
Hong KongHong Kong
SingaporeSingapore
ParisParisFrankfurtFrankfurtLondonLondon
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Upper deck mock-upsUpper deck mock-upsUpper deck mock-upsUpper deck mock-upsUpper deck mock-upsUpper deck mock-upsUpper deck mock-upsUpper deck mock-ups
A3XX variable geometryA3XX variable geometry 747-400747-400
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all dimensions in all dimensions in millimetresmillimetres
Economy Class clearancesEconomy Class clearancesEconomy Class clearancesEconomy Class clearancesEconomy Class clearancesEconomy Class clearancesEconomy Class clearancesEconomy Class clearances
n/a n/a 20 n/a
96 127 40 165
15 60 70 110
Tight Middle TLAR Loose
A
B
C
AA
BB
CC
‘Andy’, the 95%‘Andy’, the 95%North AmericanNorth American
male (2010)male (2010)
Change !
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FEMALE ECONOMY - GERMANYFEMALE ECONOMY - GERMANYFEMALE ECONOMY - GERMANYFEMALE ECONOMY - GERMANYFEMALE ECONOMY - GERMANYFEMALE ECONOMY - GERMANYFEMALE ECONOMY - GERMANYFEMALE ECONOMY - GERMANY
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FEMALE ECONOMY - JAPANFEMALE ECONOMY - JAPANFEMALE ECONOMY - JAPANFEMALE ECONOMY - JAPANFEMALE ECONOMY - JAPANFEMALE ECONOMY - JAPANFEMALE ECONOMY - JAPANFEMALE ECONOMY - JAPAN
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Continuing cabin developmentContinuing cabin developmentContinuing cabin developmentContinuing cabin developmentContinuing cabin developmentContinuing cabin developmentContinuing cabin developmentContinuing cabin development
© Airbus Industrie March 2000 ref. AI/LE-C 821.0118/00
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ComparisonComparisonComparisonComparisonComparisonComparisonComparisonComparison
The Yellow ConceptThe Orange ConceptThe Red ConceptThe Blue Concept
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Areas of concernAreas of concernAreas of concernAreas of concernAreas of concernAreas of concernAreas of concernAreas of concern
! Luggage stowage
! Illumination
! Air Condition
! Seat spacing / comfort
! Entertainment Systems
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The boarding experience - more spaceThe boarding experience - more spacewhen most neededwhen most needed
767/777767/777
A330/A340A330/A340
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OverheadOverheadOverheadOverheadOverheadOverheadOverheadOverhead stowages stowages stowages stowages stowages stowages stowages stowages sized to stow sized to stow sized to stow sized to stow sized to stow sized to stow sized to stow sized to stow“roll-aboard” luggage (L=24in)“roll-aboard” luggage (L=24in)“roll-aboard” luggage (L=24in)“roll-aboard” luggage (L=24in)“roll-aboard” luggage (L=24in)“roll-aboard” luggage (L=24in)“roll-aboard” luggage (L=24in)“roll-aboard” luggage (L=24in)
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1. Glass fibre optic RL Specification under work, release for Vendor Selection planned for 02/00.Verification of eye safety in combination with extreme small light output diameters is outstanding . NO PUBLISHED CONCLUSION AT 01/01
2. T5 fluorescent tubesAs no short length tube is available on the market, this item is postponed to A3XX (frame pitch 25” instead of 21”, which makes 600mm tubes possible)
3. Lighting temperature adaptionNo space for additional coloured fluorescent tubes available,but as alternative concept coloured piggy-bag LED-strips are under investigation. Performance still TBD. Long-running “debate” with VIR and AIM This feature would be an alternative to LLL only
Study Items
Blatt: 6ckb/A346/cabin_working_group/290999
LightingLighting
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sidewallsidewallsidewallsidewallsidewallsidewallsidewallsidewall lighting lighting lighting lighting lighting lighting lighting lighting
26mm tri-phosphor
current A34026mm
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Something for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothing
“free illumination”
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Something for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothingSomething for nothing
“free illumination”
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Is the lighting effective?Is the lighting effective?Is the lighting effective?Is the lighting effective?Is the lighting effective?Is the lighting effective?Is the lighting effective?Is the lighting effective?
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AirconditionAirconditionAirconditionAirconditionAirconditionAirconditionAirconditionAircondition
Extensive analysis using powerful Computerized Flow Dynamics(CFD) techniques showed that with only two ceiling outlets, acomparable comfort level with the A340-300 was not achievable
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The aircraft cabin ...The aircraft cabin ...The aircraft cabin ...The aircraft cabin ...The aircraft cabin ...The aircraft cabin ...The aircraft cabin ...The aircraft cabin ...
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… is strongly influenced by its contents… is strongly influenced by its contents… is strongly influenced by its contents… is strongly influenced by its contents… is strongly influenced by its contents… is strongly influenced by its contents… is strongly influenced by its contents… is strongly influenced by its contents
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0
5
10
15
20
25
Schedules
Seat Comfort
ServiceFares
OtherSafety
Punctuality
FFP
%
FirstBusinessEconomy
Long-haul by classLong-haul by classDrivers for choice of airlineDrivers for choice of airlineDrivers for choice of airlineDrivers for choice of airlineDrivers for choice of airlineDrivers for choice of airlineDrivers for choice of airlineDrivers for choice of airline
1998 Corporate Air Travel Survey
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Economy ClassEconomy ClassEconomy ClassEconomy ClassEconomy ClassEconomy ClassEconomy ClassEconomy Class
19
19.5
20
20.5
21
21.5
22
22.5
17 18 19 20 21 22
A380 upper deck
A380 main deck
747 main deck
747 upper deck
2 different
cabin products
ONE
cabin productA
380
stan
dard
ais
le
Theoretical seat widthper passenger (in)
Aisle width (in)
A clearlyA clearlyA clearlyA clearlyA clearlyA clearlyA clearlyA clearlysuperiorsuperiorsuperiorsuperiorsuperiorsuperiorsuperiorsuperiorproductproductproductproductproductproductproductproduct
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Passenger’s perspective in-flightPassenger’s perspective in-flightPassenger’s perspective in-flightPassenger’s perspective in-flightPassenger’s perspective in-flightPassenger’s perspective in-flightPassenger’s perspective in-flightPassenger’s perspective in-flight
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CIDS/FAPCIDS/FAPCIDS/FAPCIDS/FAPCIDS/FAPCIDS/FAPCIDS/FAPCIDS/FAP
Customisation
Growing demand for greater number of zones
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A380A380A380A380Cabin ConceptCabin ConceptCabin ConceptCabin Concept
A380A380A380A380A380A380A380A380Cabin ConceptCabin ConceptCabin ConceptCabin ConceptCabin ConceptCabin ConceptCabin ConceptCabin Concept
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A380 Cabin cross sectionA380 Cabin cross sectionA380 Cabin cross sectionA380 Cabin cross sectionA380 Cabin cross sectionA380 Cabin cross sectionA380 Cabin cross sectionA380 Cabin cross section
Under floorUnder floorFacilitiesFacilities
FreightFreight
Business54” 23” 54” 23” 54”
Economy
42” 20” 42” 42” 20” 42” First
57” 36” 57” 36” 57”
Economy
62” 20” 42” 42” 20” 42”
70” wider
20” wider
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A380 zone A380 zone A380 zone A380 zone A380 zone A380 zone A380 zone A380 zone flexibilityflexibilityflexibilityflexibilityflexibilityflexibilityflexibilityflexibility
… … … … … … … … the potentialthe potentialthe potentialthe potentialthe potentialthe potentialthe potentialthe potential to to to to to to to to developdevelopdevelopdevelopdevelopdevelopdevelopdevelop solutions solutions solutions solutions solutions solutions solutions solutionsfor for for for for for for for allallallallallallallall future future future future future future future future market market market market market market market market mixesmixesmixesmixesmixesmixesmixesmixes
First Business
Economy
EconomyFirst
EconomyBusiness
Upperdeck
Maindeck
Economy
First Economy
Business
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A380-800 Reference layoutA380-800 Reference layoutA380-800 Reference layoutA380-800 Reference layoutA380-800 Reference layoutA380-800 Reference layoutA380-800 Reference layoutA380-800 Reference layout
TWO wide-body cabins: 555 seats
334 Economy
103 Economy96 Business
22 First
Upper deckA
H
A
2 BUNKS
2 BUNKS
2 BUNKS
A
2 BU
NKS
G
4 Tr.
2 BUNKSG 4 Tr.
G 6 Tr.
LIFT
AA
LIFT
G 5 Tr.G
3 Tr.
G 5 Tr.
G
3 Tr.
G
3 Tr.
A A A1 Tr.W
S
SSC
C
Main deckA
A
A
H
G
6 Tr.
G
6 Tr.
G2 Tr.
G
6 Tr.
C
PILO
T CO
CKPI
TCR
EW R
EST
G
5 Tr.
G
6 Tr.
A A
G
6 Tr.
G 3 Tr.
G 3 Tr.G2 Tr.
A
LIFT
A
AA A AA
LIFT
S
C
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1 27
38 9
4 5
A380 Passenger boarding conceptA380 Passenger boarding conceptA380 Passenger boarding conceptA380 Passenger boarding conceptA380 Passenger boarding conceptA380 Passenger boarding conceptA380 Passenger boarding conceptA380 Passenger boarding concept
Upper deck boardingvia door 1
using the fwd stair
T/C T/C
T/C T/C T/CF/C
B/C B/C
! TRT 89 min (555 pax three class)! TRT 82 min (718 pax all tourist)
Main deckboardingvia door 2
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RefRefRefRefRefRefRefRef. A3XX-100 Turn-round time (555 . A3XX-100 Turn-round time (555 . A3XX-100 Turn-round time (555 . A3XX-100 Turn-round time (555 . A3XX-100 Turn-round time (555 . A3XX-100 Turn-round time (555 . A3XX-100 Turn-round time (555 . A3XX-100 Turn-round time (555 paxpaxpaxpaxpaxpaxpaxpax))))))))
min 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85
Total Servicing Time = 89 min
Deboarding / Boarding L1 11 / 15
Deboarding / Boarding L2 14 / 23
Cabin Cleaning 31
Catering Mid MD Galley 36
Catering Aft MD Galley 33
Catering Fwd UD Galley 48
Catering Aft UD Galley 24
Fwd Cargo Exchange 25 / 31
Aft Cargo Exchange 24 / 29
Bulk Cargo Exchange 17 / 21
Left Side Refuelling 31
Right Side Refuelling 31
Potable Water Service 21
Lavatory Service 22
Passenger BoardingDoor L1: 205 Pass board at a rate of 14.0 pass/minDoor L2: 350 Pass board at a rate of 15.0 pass/minPassenger DeboardingDoor L1: 205 Pass deboard at a rate of 18.0 pass/minDoor L2: 350 Pass deboard at a rate of 25.0 pass/minCabin CleaningDoor L5: Cleaning with 12 cleaning agentsCatering ServiceMid Main Deck Galley at Door R2: 24 FSTE (at 1.5 min)Aft Main Deck Galley at Door L4: 22 FSTE (at 1.5 min)Fwd Upper Deck Galley at Door R1: 24 FSTE (at 2.0 min)Aft Upper Deck Galley at Door R5: 12 FSTE (at 2.0 min)Aircraft RefuellingLeft Side Pressure Refuel Connector: 122000l at 4000 l/minRight Side Pressure Refuel Connector: 122000l at 4000 l/min
Cargo UnloadingFwd Cargo Door: 18 HSC (at 1.4 min)Aft Cargo Door: 17 HSC (at 1.4 min)Cargo LoadingFwd Cargo Door: 18 HSC (at 1.7 min)Aft Cargo Door: 17 HSC (at 1.7 min)Baggage/Bulk Cargo UnloadingBulk Cargo Door: 2000 kg at 115.0 kg/minBaggage/Bulk Cargo LoadingBulk Cargo Door: 2000 kg at 95.0 kg/minLavatory ServiceWaste Water Service Panel: 3000 l waste water at 143.0 l/min 54 l flush water at 38.0 l/minPotable Water ServicePotable Water Service Panel: 1800 l at 87.5 l/min
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1 27
38 9
4 5
A380 Lift position / Service concept A380 Lift position / Service concept A380 Lift position / Service concept A380 Lift position / Service concept A380 Lift position / Service concept A380 Lift position / Service concept A380 Lift position / Service concept A380 Lift position / Service concept
Optimal Lift positionsfor minimum turn around times
and most efficient usage of space
Simultaneous servicing possible
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A380 Ramp set upA380 Ramp set upA380 Ramp set upA380 Ramp set upA380 Ramp set upA380 Ramp set upA380 Ramp set upA380 Ramp set up
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Solutions will exist to serve the A380 Upper DeckSolutions will exist to serve the A380 Upper Deck
Upper Deck servicingUpper Deck servicingUpper Deck servicingUpper Deck servicingUpper Deck servicingUpper Deck servicingUpper Deck servicingUpper Deck servicing
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Flexibility - Trans. Galleys on MDFlexibility - Trans. Galleys on MDFlexibility - Trans. Galleys on MDFlexibility - Trans. Galleys on MDFlexibility - Trans. Galleys on MDFlexibility - Trans. Galleys on MDFlexibility - Trans. Galleys on MDFlexibility - Trans. Galleys on MD
LATERAL LH/RH :
CENTER :
MAIN DECK
S.R.C.
S.R.C. S.R.C.
S.R.C. S.R.C.
S.R.C.S.R.C.
S.R.C.S.R.C.
S.R.C.
LIFT
LIFT
5046
8.0
5184
6.0
5316
5.8
5387
3.0
5407
6.2
4895
0.5
4867
0.0
4838
6.6
2235
5.6
2197
5.7
2444
7.5
2343
1.1
2556
5.1
2752
0.9
2806
0.4
2246
5.9
1193.8 (7 Tr.)
1016.0 (6 Tr.)
3050.0
1691.1 (4 Tr.)
1016.0 (6 Tr.)
1193.8 (7 Tr.)857.3 (5 Tr.)
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
RESULTING FLEXIBILITY4 TROLLEYSSTD GALLEY
6 TROLLEYS STD GALLEY 6 TROLLEYSSTD GALLEY
2937
5.1
2060
6.2
2725
4.2
2451
1.0
TRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITYTRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITYTRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITYTRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITYTRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITYTRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITYTRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITYTRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITYTRANSVERSAL GALLEY FLEXIBILITY
LESS THAN 20% OF AIRLINES
BETWEEN 20% & 50BETWEEN 20% OF AIRLINES
MORE THAN 50% OF AIRLINES
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
C X=13665.2L
S
STUDY BASED ON GALLEY DEPTH 34"/42"
LC X=60960.0C X=40005.0L
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Flexibility - Lavatories on MDFlexibility - Lavatories on MDFlexibility - Lavatories on MDFlexibility - Lavatories on MDFlexibility - Lavatories on MDFlexibility - Lavatories on MDFlexibility - Lavatories on MDFlexibility - Lavatories on MD
LATERAL LH/RH :
CENTER :
MAIN DECK
S.R.C.
S.R.C. S.R.C.
S.R.C. S.R.C.
S.R.C.S.R.C.
S.R.C.S.R.C.
S.R.C.
LIFT
LIFT
1727.0
1800.01800.0
965.0
965.0
1800.0
383.2
546.8
1831.0
723.9
965.0
1727.0
965.0
965.0
1800.0
965.0
965.0
1800.01800.0
965.0
965.0
1803.41572.6
LC X=52070.0
6286
5.0
6292
8.7
6219
4.8
6170
4.2
6104
3.8
5992
6.2
5959
3.8
4907
7.4
4795
9.8
4183
7.4
4028
8.8
4003
4.0
3978
0.0
3834
5.0
3781
4.3
2931
5.2
2819
7.6
2508
7.2
2396
9.6
2357
5.9
2245
8.3
1296
8.1
1180
3.5
6012
1.8
5919
1.8
4935
2.2
4842
2.2
3931
9.2
3831
0.7
3821
1.4
3740
8.8
2828
5.8
2602
1.4
2571
2.6
2451
1.0
1543
3.4
1566
4.2
1682
5.0
1450
3.4
1296
6.2
1213
6.2
60.0" MIN
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANAANA
AIBACAAFR
ANZBAWDLHIBEJALKALQFASIAUAEVIR
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
VIRUAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
ANA
AIBACAAFR
ANZBAWDLHIBEJALKALQFASIAUAEVIRVIR
UAESIAQFAKALJALIBEDLHBAWANZ
AFRACAAIB
ANA
S