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983089983091983090 Glossary

Glossary Vowels

iː fatigue ʊ input aɪ by-product

i ductility uː centrif ugal aʊ amount

ɪ acoustics u manufacturing ɔɪ buoyancy

e access ʌ combustion ɪə engineer

aelig alloy ɜː certify eə air

ɑː artifical ə capture ʊə durable

ɒ concept eɪ acceleration

ɔː absorb əʊ code

Consonants

p piston f f atigue h hertzb batch v volume m mass

t tough θ thermal n newton

d decibel eth with ŋ manufacturing

k jetpack s safety l laser

g gas z exhaust r radiation

tʃ charge ʃ substation j yield

dʒ flange ʒ corrosion w waste

absorb əbˈsɔb -ˈzɔb v to take in a liquidor gas from the surface or space around

absorption əbˈsɔpʃn -ˈzɔpʃn n theprocess of a liquid or gas being taken infrom the surface or space around

acceleration əkˌseləˈreɪʃn n the changeor increase in velocity in a certain time

access ˈaeligkses n permission to enter aplace especially a restricted area

accurate ˈaeligkjərət adj how close ameasurement is to its true value (seeprecision)

acoustics əˈkustɪks n the scientific studyof sound and sound waves

additive layer manufacturing (ALM)ˈaeligdətɪv leɪə ˌmaelignjuˌfaeligktʃərɪŋ eɪ

ˌel ˈem n the process of making

components by a process similar to laserprinting layer upon layerair compressor ˈeə kəmˌpresə(r) n a machine

used to increase the pressure of a gasalloy ˈaeliglɔɪ n a metal that is made by

combining two or more metalsalternating current (AC) ˌɒlt- ɔltəˌneɪtɪŋ

ˈkʌrənt n the flow of an electrical currentin a constant cycle backwards and forwardsElectricity to homes and businesses isdelivered in alternating current

amount əˈmaʊnt n a quantity of somethingampere ˈaeligmpeə n the unit for measuring

electric currentamplify ˈaeligmplɪfaɪ v to increase

something in strength especially voltagecurrent and sound

arc welding ˈɑk ˌweldɪŋ n the joiningtogether of pieces of similar metalsusing an electric arc (=an electric currentflowing between two points)

architectural ˌɑkɪˈtektʃərəl adj connected to the design and constructionof buildings

artificial ˌɑtɪˈfɪʃl adj made to copy anatural thing or substance not real

atmosphere ˈaeligtməsfɪə(r) n the air andgases that surround the Earth

audible ˈɔdəbl adj loud enough forpeople to hear clearly

batch baeligtʃ n a quantity of somethingproduced at one time

bending ˈbendɪŋ n movement thatcauses the formation of a curve

binary ˈbaɪnərɪ adj using only 983088 and 983089 as asystem of numbersbolting ˈbəʊltɪŋ n securing a screw into a

nut to fasten something togetherbottleneck ˈbɒtlnek n steps in a process

that slow the whole process downbreak even ˌbreɪk ˈivn v to reach the

point at which cost and income are equaland there is neither profit nor loss

brittle ˈbrɪtl adj hard but easily brokenbuoyancy ˈbɔɪənsi n reduction in weight

by immersion in liquidby-product ˈbaɪ prɒdʌkt n a product

that is made as a result of making ordestroying another product

capacitor kəˈpaeligsɪtə(r) n a device thatstores small amounts of electric charge

capture ˈkaeligptʃə(r) v to collect somethingand remove it from the environment

carbon capture and storage (CCS) ˈkɑbən

ˌkaeligptʃər ən stɔrɪdʒ si si es n away of catching the carbon produced bymachines so that it is not released intothe atmosphere

carbon cycle ˈkɑbən ˌsaɪkl n thecontinuous circulation of carbon betweenliving organisms and their surroundings

carbon sequestration ˈkɑbn

ˌsikwəˌstreɪʃn n the capture of carbondioxide that aims to prevent the build-upof greenhouse gases

centrifugal pump ˌsentrɪˌfjugl pʌmp n amachine that draws in and spins a liquidthrowing out at a higher pressure

certification review ˌsɜtɪfɪˌkeɪʃnrɪˈvju n a process that produces adocument confirming that a product hasbeen made to set standards codes andspecifications

certify ˈsɜtɪfaɪ v to give an officialdocument stating that required standardsor specifications have been met

certifying agency ˈsɜtɪˌfaɪɪŋ ˌeɪdʒənsi n an organization that confirms that aproduct is safe and made to the rightquality by doing independent testing andsending it to be checked

chemical ˈkemɪkl adj connected to thescientific structure of substances and how

they react and behave under differentconditions

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Glossary 983089983091983091

energy economy ˈenədʒi ɪˌkɒnəmi n where technologies are designed to use

less fuel heat or energy so that moneycan be saved

exhaust ɪgˈzɔst n waste gases that comeout of a machine vehicle or engine as itworks

exhaust emissions ɪgˈzɔst iˌmɪʃnz n waste gases that come out of an engine

expand ɪkˈspaelignd v to increase thevolume of a gas

extensionndashload graph ɪkˈstenʃn ˈləʊd

ˌgrɑf n a graph that shows how amaterial behaves when it is stretched

farad ˈfaeligraeligd n a unit which measuresthe amount of charge on a capacitor for agiven potential difference

fatigue fəˈtig n gradual failure of materialssuch as metals under repeated low stress

flange flaeligndʒ n an edge such as a ridgeor rim that has been added to somethingto make it stronger keep it in positionor allow it to be more easily fastened toother parts

flexible ˈfleksəbl adj able to bend easilywithout breaking

float fləʊt v to rest or move on or nearthe surface of a liquid such as waterwithout sinking

fluid ˈfluɪd n the state of a substancesuch as air and water that can flow andfill any shape

force fɔs n a push or pull exerted by oneobject on another Weight is a force

fossil fuel ˈfɒsl ˌfjuəl n fuel such as gascoal or oil that was formed over millionsof years from the remains of animals orplants

frequency ˈfrikwənsi n the number ofwaves passing through a point per second

friction ˈfrɪkʃn n the force which makesit difficult for one object to slide along thesurface of another

fuel consumption ˈfjuəl kənˌsʌmpʃn n the act of using fuel or the amount of fuelan engine uses

gasgaeligs

n the state of a substance suchas air that can expand to fill any spaceand is easily expanded or compressed

generator ˈdʒenəreɪtə(r) n a machinethat produces electricity

global warming ˌgləʊbl ˈwɔmɪŋ n thesustained increase in the averagetemperature of the Earthrsquos atmospherecaused by the increase of particular gasesespecially carbon dioxide

heat engine ˈhit ˌendʒɪn n a machinethat converts heat into work

hertz hɜts n a unit for measuring thefrequency of waves in cycles per second

hybrid ˈhaɪbrɪd adj something that is the

product of two or more different things

current ˈkʌrənt n the flow of electricitythrough a conductor

deceleration ˌdiseləˈreɪʃn n the decreasein velocity with respect to time

decibel ˈdesɪbel n a unit for measuringthe intensity [loudness] of sound

decimal ˈdesɪml adj based on or countedin tens or tenths

deflection dɪˈflekʃn n the change you canmeasure when a material bends

dense dens adj heavy in relation to itsvolume

density ˈdensəti n mass per unit ofvolume of a substance

design considerations dɪˈzaɪn

kənˌsɪdəˌreɪʃnz n the features and usesof a product that have to be considered

detailed design ˈditeɪld dɪˌzaɪn n a planor drawing that is well developed so thatparts can be made

digit ˈdɪdʒɪt n any of the numbers from983088 to 983097

diode ˈdaɪəʊd n an electronic device inwhich the electric current moves in onedirection only

direct current (DC) dəˈrekt dɪ- daɪ-

ˌkʌrənt n an electric current that flowsin one direction only

dispose of dɪˈspəʊz ɒv v to throw away orget rid of something that you do not want

dissipate ˈdɪsɪpeɪt v to scatter or dispersesomething to get rid of it

ductile ˈdʌktaɪl adj being able to bepermanently stretched without breaking

ductility dʌkˈtɪləti n the property ofa material that can be permanentlystretched without breaking

durable ˈdjʊərəbl adj lasting a long timenot wearing out

efficiency ɪˈfɪʃnsi n the relationshipbetween the amount of energy that goesinto a machine or engine and the amountthat it produces often expressed as apercentage

efficient ɪˈfɪʃnt adj doing somethingquickly effectively and without waste

electricalɪˈlektrɪkl

adj connected withthe presence and flow of electric chargeelectromagnetic suspension (EMS)

ɪˌlektrəʊmaeliggˌnetɪk səˈspenʃn i em es

n one of the electromagnetic systems oflifting and moving vehicles so that wheelsand engines are not needed

electronic ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk adj having or usingmany small parts such as microchips thatcontrol and direct a small electric current

emission iˈmɪʃn n a substance especiallya gas that goes into the air

emit iˈmɪt v to send something out intothe air such as light heat sound or gas

circuit ˈsɜkɪt n a complete path aroundwhich an electrical current can flow

circuit breaker ˈsɜkɪt ˌbreɪkə(r) n adevice designed to break the flow in anelectrical circuit

circuit diagram ˈsɜkɪt ˌdaɪəgraeligm n theplan of an electrical circuit

civil ˈsɪvl adj connected with the designconstruction and maintenance of thephysical environment

clock rate ˈklɒk ˌreɪt n the speed at whicha microprocessor executes instructions

code kəʊd n a standard that has becomepart of the law

code (computer) kəʊd n a set ofinstructions that a computer canunderstand

combustion kəmˈbʌstʃən n a chemicalprocess in which substances combinewith oxygen to produce heat and light

comply with kəmˈplaɪ ˌwɪeth v to meet aset of specifications or requirements

component kəmˈpəʊnənt n a part orelement of a larger whole especially apart of a machine or vehicle

compressed kəmˈprest adj to have beensqueezed or pressed to a smaller size

compression kəmˈpreʃn n the process orresult of making something smaller bypressing it

compressive strain kəmˌpresɪv ˈstreɪn n the reduction in the length of a materialin relation to its original length when it ispressed

computed tomography (CT) kəmˌpjutɪd

təˈmɒgrəfi si ti n a medical imagingmethod of examining body organs byscanning them with X-rays created bycomputer processing

concept ˈkɒnsept n a design proposalthat requires more development

conduction kənˈdʌkʃn n the process bywhich heat or electricity passes througha material

conductor kənˈdʌktə(r) n an object orsubstance that allows electricity to pass

along or through itconsumer electronics kənˌsjumər

ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪks n electronic equipmentintended for everyday use eg televisionradio

convection kənˈvekʃn n the flow of heatthrough a gas or a liquid which creates acycle in which the hotter part rises andthe cooler part sinks

corrosion kəˈrəʊʒn n the gradualdestruction of metal by chemical action

CPU (central processing unit) ˌsi pi ju

ˌsentrəl ˈprəʊsesɪŋ ˌjunɪt n the part of acomputer that controls all the other parts

create kriˈeɪt v to make something exist

or happen

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983089983091983092 Glossary

network ˈnetwɜk n computers and otherdevices that are connected together so

that equipment and information can beshared

newton (N) ˈnjutən n a unit of forceequal to the amount of net force requiredto accelerate a mass of one kilogram at arate of one metre per second squared

numerical njuˈmerɪkl adj relating to orexpressed in numbers

out of tolerance ˌaʊt əv ˈtɒlərəns adj outside the acceptable variance of ameasurement

output ˈaʊtpʊt n the information orresults produced by a computer

parabolic ˌpaeligrəˈbɒlɪk adj having acurved bowl-like shape parabolic

reflectors and antennas use this shape tofocus signals to a single point

PD (potential difference) ˌpi di pəˌtenʃl

ˈdɪfrəns n the difference in voltagebetween two points in an electrical circuit

performance pəˈfɔməns n theeffectiveness of a machine or vehicle

petrochemical ˌpetrəʊˈkemɪkl n a chemicalmade from petroleum or natural gas

piston ˈpɪstən n a part of an engine thatconsists of a short cylinder that fits insidea tube and moves up and down to createpower

pole pəʊl n one end of an objectproducing a magnetic field a north poleor a south pole

practical ˈpraeligktɪkl adj connected withactually doing something rather thanideas or theories

precision prɪˈsɪʒn n consistency lack ofvariation in measurement

pressing ˈpresɪŋ n the process of a metalor plastic part being pressed into shape

pressure vessel ˈpreʃə vesl n a closedcontainer designed to hold fluids atpressures different to atmospheric pressure

pressurendashvolume (PV) diagram ˈpreʃə

ˈvɒljum pi vi daɪəgraeligm n a graphused to describe corresponding changes

in volume and pressure in a systemprocess engineer ˈprəʊses ˌendʒɪˌnɪə(r) n a person whose job is concerned withindustrial processes especially continuousones such as the production of chemicals

produce prəˈdjus v to make somethingproperty ˈprɒpəti n a quality or

characteristic that something hasproperty class ˈprɒpəti klɑs n marks on

the head of a bolt to show that it meetsstrength specifications (= strength rating)

prototype ˈprəʊtətaɪp n the first designof something made before it is producedin large quantities

punching ˈpʌntʃɪŋ n making a hole in

something with a tool or machine

liquid ˈlɪkwɪd n the state of a substancesuch as water that is neither solid nor gas

and flows freely to take the shape of itscontainer

load ləʊd n the force that is applied toan object

load cell ˈləʊd ˌsel n a device thatmeasures loads

logic ˈlɒdʒɪk n a system or set ofprinciples used in preparing a computer toperform a particular task

logic gate ˈlɒdʒɪk ˌgeɪt n an electronicswitch that performs a logical operationon one or more logic inputs and producesa single logic output

maglev ˈmaeligglev n a system usingelectrical and magnetic rather than

mechanical methods to support vehiclesby electromagnetic force

magnet ˈmaeliggnət n an object thatproduces a magnetic field with two endsa north pole and a south pole Oppositepoles attract each other while the samepoles repel or push each other away

magnetic polarity maeliggˌnetɪk

pəˈlaeligrəti n the two ends of a magnetthe north pole and the south poleproduced by a magnetic field

mainframe ˈmeɪnfreɪm n a powerfulcomputer usually the centre of a network and shared by many users

malleable ˈmaeligliəbl adj able to be pressedor hammered into shape

manufacturing ˌmaelignjuˈfaeligktʃərɪŋ n thebusiness or industry of producing goods

marketing ˈmɑkətɪŋ n the activity ofpresenting advertising and promoting aproduct or service in the best possible way

mass maeligs n a measure of a bodyrsquosresistance to acceleration basically thequantity of material that somethingcontains

mass production ˌmaeligs prəˈdʌkʃn n themanufacture of goods in large quantitiesoften using standardized designsmachinery and division of labour

materialsməˈtɪəriəlz

n substances fromwhich things are mademechanical məˈkaelignɪkl adj connected

with machines and engines and how theyoperate

medical imaging ˌmedɪkl ˈɪmɪdʒɪŋ n thetechnique and process used to createimages of the human body eg scanning

microchip ˈmaɪkrəʊtʃɪp n a verysmall piece of silicon used to carry acomplicated electronic circuit

microprocessor ˌmaɪkrəʊˈprəʊsesə(r) n asmall unit of a computer that contains allthe functions of a central processing unit(CPU)

hydrocarbon ˌhaɪdrəˈkɑbən n a chemicalmade up of hydrogen and carbon Petrol

gas and coal are all hydrocarbonshydrofoil ˈhaɪdrəfɔɪl n a boat that rises

above the surface of the water when it istravelling fast

hydrostatic pressure ˌhaɪdrəˌstaeligtɪk

ˈpreʃə(r) n the pressure at any givenpoint of a non-moving fluid

identify aɪˈdentɪfaɪ v to recognizesomething and understand what it is

impact ˈɪmpaeligkt n the act of one objecthitting another

improve ɪmˈpruv v to make somethingbetter than before

input ˈɪnpʊt n the binary (983088 or 983089)information that goes into a logic gate

inspection ɪnˈspekʃn n a close examinationto check that there are no errors

inspector ɪnˈspektə(r) n a person whose job is to check that parts have been madecorrectly

insulator ˈɪnsjuleɪtə(r) n a material thatelectricity canrsquot flow through

intake ˈɪnteɪk n the part of a machine orengine where air or fuel is taken in

integrated circuit ˈɪntɪgreɪtɪd ˌsɜkɪt n asmall microchip that contains a largenumber of electrical connections andperforms the same function as a largercircuit made from separate parts

jet propulsion ˈdʒet prəˌpʌlʃn n motionproduced by accelerating fluids in theopposite direction to the direction ofmotion

jetpack ˈdʒetpaeligk n a device worn on theback propelled by jets of escaping fluidenabling a single user to fly

JIT (just in time) ˌdʒeɪ ˌaɪ ˈti ˌdʒʌst ˌɪn

ˈtaɪm adj a manufacturing system inwhich parts or materials are produced ordelivered as they are needed to preventwasted storage space etc

LAN (local area network) laelign ˌləʊkl ˌeəriə

ˈnetwɜk n a computer network thatinterconnects computers in a limited area

such as a school or office buildinglaser ˈleɪzə(r) n a device that produces apowerful beam of light that can be usedas a tool for cutting metal or in medicaloperations

lean manufacturing ˌlin ˌmaelignjuˈfaeligktʃərɪŋ

n a production process that aims toeliminate waste in design manufacturingand distribution of a product

length leŋθ n the size or measurement ofsomething from one end to the other

linear motor ˈlɪniə ˌməʊtə(r) n a motorthat produces power in a straight line bydirect induction rather than with the useof gears

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terminal ˈtɜmɪnl n computer equipmentusually a keyboard and monitor that joins

the user to a networktest test v to try to use something such as a

machine or product to see how well it worksor find out more information about it

testing ˈtestɪŋ n using or checkingsomething to see if it works correctly

thermal ˈθɜml adj relating to caused byor generating heat

tough tʌf adj can withstand damageunder shock

transformer traelignsˈfɔmə(r) n a devicethat increases or decreases alternatingvoltage

transistor traelignˈzɪstə(r) n a device thatcontrols the flow of electricity inside a

piece of electronic equipment such as aradio or television

truth table ˈtruθ ˌteɪbl n a tableshowing the value of the output (983088 or 983089)for each value (983088 or 983089) of the input in alogic component or circuit

viscous ˈvɪskəs adj of a fluid having athick or sticky quality that resists internalmovement

visible ˈvɪzəbl adj able to be seen by thehuman eye

volt vəʊlt vɒlt n a unit for measuringthe force of an electric current

voltmeter ˈvəʊltmitə(r) n an instrumentused for measuring voltage in an electriccircuit

volume ˈvɒljum n the measurement ofthe three-dimensional space occupied bya material

waste weɪst n materials that are nolonger needed and are thrown away

wavelength ˈweɪvleŋθ n the distancebetween any point on a wave and theequivalent point on the next

wind loading ˈwɪnd ˌləʊdɪŋ n the forces on a structure due to wind

within tolerance wɪˌethɪn ˈtɒlərəns adj inside the amount by which ameasurement can vary without causing

problemsWLAN (wireless local area network)ˈdʌbl ˌju ˌlaelign ˌwaɪələs ˌləʊkl ˌeəriə

ˈnetwɜk n a network linking two ormore computers in a limited area using awireless distribution method

yield strength ˈjild ˌstreŋθ n the pointof stress at which a material begins todeform plastically

solar array ˌsəʊlər əˈreɪ n a system thatuses solar panels to convert sunlight into

electricitysolar energy ˌsəʊlər ˈenədʒi n energy that

comes from the sun that is converted intopower

solution səˈluʃn n an action or process ofsolving a problem

specify ˈspesɪfaɪ v to give details tosuppliers or manufacturers defining theirrequirements

speedndashtime graph ˈspid ˈtaɪm ˌgrɑf n agraph showing how fast an object istravelling at any one time The slope ofthe line plotted by a speedndashtime graphshows an objectrsquos acceleration

spot welding ˈspɒt ˌweldɪŋ n the joining

of two pieces of metal by means of heatand pressure applied at points along thesurfaces

stiffness ˈstɪfnəs n the quality of beingfirm and difficult to bend

strain gauge ˈstreɪn ˌgeɪdʒ n a deviceused to measure the strain of an object

strength streŋθ n the ability of somethingto support a force without breaking

stress stres n physical pressure put onsomething that can break it or cause it tochange shape

stressndashstrain graph ˈstres ˈstreɪn ˌgrɑf n a graph that shows the strength stiffnessand toughness of materials and theirbreaking point

substation ˈsʌbsteɪʃn n a place whereelectric power from a power station istransformed for distribution to homesand businesses

suction pump ˈsʌkʃn pʌmp n a machinethat sucks fluids to move them from oneplace to another

switchroom ˈswɪtʃrum n part ofa building that houses switchingmechanisms and associated apparatusoften high-voltage

teardrop shape ˈtɪədrɒp ˌʃeɪp n a smoothshape thick and round at one end and

thin and pointed at the othertelescope ˈtelɪskəʊp n a piece ofequipment shaped like a tube containinglenses or mirrors that you look throughto make objects that are far away appearlarger and nearer

tempered ˈtempəd adj made tougherafter hardening as a result of it beingheated and cooled more slowly

tensile strain ˈtensaɪl ˌstreɪn n theincrease in the length of a material inrelation to its original length when it ispulled

tensile strength ˈtensaɪl ˌstreŋθ n theextent to which something can support a

pulling force without breaking

quality assurance (QA) ˈkwɒləti əˌʃʊərəns

ˌkju eɪ n the practice of managing the

way goods are produced to make surethey meet required standards

quality control (QC) ˈkwɒləti kənˌtrəʊl

ˌkju si n the practice of catchingerrors in products and correcting thembefore they go out

quenched kwentʃt adj cooled rapidly inorder to make it harden especially metal

radiation ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn n energy such asheat or light that is sent out in the form ofelectromagnetic waves

range reɪndʒ n the total distance amechanical object (a car or an aircraft) cantravel before it needs more fuel

rapid prototyping ˌraeligpɪd prəʊtəˌtaɪpɪŋ n

a process used to create one copy of 983091Dobjects from designs

recertification ˌriˌsɜtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn n thecertification review that must take placeagain if a product is changed or improved

reflect rɪˈflekt v to throw back light orsound waves from a surface

regulation ˌregjuˈleɪʃn n an official ruledealing with details or procedures thatcontrol the way things are done eg forsafety reasons

reject ˈridʒekt n something that cannotbe used or sold because it does not meetthe required standard

reject rɪˈdʒekt v to decide not to usesomething because it is imperfect orunsatisfactory

rejection slip rɪˈdʒekʃn ˌslɪp n a shortreport that explains why something doesnot meet the required standard

resistance rɪˈzɪstəns n the opposition ofa piece of electrical equipment to the flowof a direct current

rework ˌriˈwɜk v to correct a part thatwould otherwise be rejected

safety ˈseɪfti n the state of being safeand protected from danger or harm

scrap skraeligp v to dispose of somethingnot wanted or that cannot be used for its

original purposeseismic ˈsaɪzmɪk adj connected with orcaused by earthquakes

seismic loading ˈsaɪzmɪk ˌləʊdɪŋ n theforces on a structure due to earthquakes

semiconductor ˌsemikənˈdʌktə(r) n adevice or material that can be made to actas either an insulator or a conductor

server ˈsɜvə(r) n a computer programthat controls or supplies informationto several computers connected in anetwork the main computer on whichthis program is run

smooth smueth adj having an even surfacewith no rough areas or lumps

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Glossary 983089983091983091

energy economy ˈenədʒi ɪˌkɒnəmi n where technologies are designed to use

less fuel heat or energy so that moneycan be saved

exhaust ɪgˈzɔst n waste gases that comeout of a machine vehicle or engine as itworks

exhaust emissions ɪgˈzɔst iˌmɪʃnz n waste gases that come out of an engine

expand ɪkˈspaelignd v to increase thevolume of a gas

extensionndashload graph ɪkˈstenʃn ˈləʊd

ˌgrɑf n a graph that shows how amaterial behaves when it is stretched

farad ˈfaeligraeligd n a unit which measuresthe amount of charge on a capacitor for agiven potential difference

fatigue fəˈtig n gradual failure of materialssuch as metals under repeated low stress

flange flaeligndʒ n an edge such as a ridgeor rim that has been added to somethingto make it stronger keep it in positionor allow it to be more easily fastened toother parts

flexible ˈfleksəbl adj able to bend easilywithout breaking

float fləʊt v to rest or move on or nearthe surface of a liquid such as waterwithout sinking

fluid ˈfluɪd n the state of a substancesuch as air and water that can flow andfill any shape

force fɔs n a push or pull exerted by oneobject on another Weight is a force

fossil fuel ˈfɒsl ˌfjuəl n fuel such as gascoal or oil that was formed over millionsof years from the remains of animals orplants

frequency ˈfrikwənsi n the number ofwaves passing through a point per second

friction ˈfrɪkʃn n the force which makesit difficult for one object to slide along thesurface of another

fuel consumption ˈfjuəl kənˌsʌmpʃn n the act of using fuel or the amount of fuelan engine uses

gasgaeligs

n the state of a substance suchas air that can expand to fill any spaceand is easily expanded or compressed

generator ˈdʒenəreɪtə(r) n a machinethat produces electricity

global warming ˌgləʊbl ˈwɔmɪŋ n thesustained increase in the averagetemperature of the Earthrsquos atmospherecaused by the increase of particular gasesespecially carbon dioxide

heat engine ˈhit ˌendʒɪn n a machinethat converts heat into work

hertz hɜts n a unit for measuring thefrequency of waves in cycles per second

hybrid ˈhaɪbrɪd adj something that is the

product of two or more different things

current ˈkʌrənt n the flow of electricitythrough a conductor

deceleration ˌdiseləˈreɪʃn n the decreasein velocity with respect to time

decibel ˈdesɪbel n a unit for measuringthe intensity [loudness] of sound

decimal ˈdesɪml adj based on or countedin tens or tenths

deflection dɪˈflekʃn n the change you canmeasure when a material bends

dense dens adj heavy in relation to itsvolume

density ˈdensəti n mass per unit ofvolume of a substance

design considerations dɪˈzaɪn

kənˌsɪdəˌreɪʃnz n the features and usesof a product that have to be considered

detailed design ˈditeɪld dɪˌzaɪn n a planor drawing that is well developed so thatparts can be made

digit ˈdɪdʒɪt n any of the numbers from983088 to 983097

diode ˈdaɪəʊd n an electronic device inwhich the electric current moves in onedirection only

direct current (DC) dəˈrekt dɪ- daɪ-

ˌkʌrənt n an electric current that flowsin one direction only

dispose of dɪˈspəʊz ɒv v to throw away orget rid of something that you do not want

dissipate ˈdɪsɪpeɪt v to scatter or dispersesomething to get rid of it

ductile ˈdʌktaɪl adj being able to bepermanently stretched without breaking

ductility dʌkˈtɪləti n the property ofa material that can be permanentlystretched without breaking

durable ˈdjʊərəbl adj lasting a long timenot wearing out

efficiency ɪˈfɪʃnsi n the relationshipbetween the amount of energy that goesinto a machine or engine and the amountthat it produces often expressed as apercentage

efficient ɪˈfɪʃnt adj doing somethingquickly effectively and without waste

electricalɪˈlektrɪkl

adj connected withthe presence and flow of electric chargeelectromagnetic suspension (EMS)

ɪˌlektrəʊmaeliggˌnetɪk səˈspenʃn i em es

n one of the electromagnetic systems oflifting and moving vehicles so that wheelsand engines are not needed

electronic ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk adj having or usingmany small parts such as microchips thatcontrol and direct a small electric current

emission iˈmɪʃn n a substance especiallya gas that goes into the air

emit iˈmɪt v to send something out intothe air such as light heat sound or gas

circuit ˈsɜkɪt n a complete path aroundwhich an electrical current can flow

circuit breaker ˈsɜkɪt ˌbreɪkə(r) n adevice designed to break the flow in anelectrical circuit

circuit diagram ˈsɜkɪt ˌdaɪəgraeligm n theplan of an electrical circuit

civil ˈsɪvl adj connected with the designconstruction and maintenance of thephysical environment

clock rate ˈklɒk ˌreɪt n the speed at whicha microprocessor executes instructions

code kəʊd n a standard that has becomepart of the law

code (computer) kəʊd n a set ofinstructions that a computer canunderstand

combustion kəmˈbʌstʃən n a chemicalprocess in which substances combinewith oxygen to produce heat and light

comply with kəmˈplaɪ ˌwɪeth v to meet aset of specifications or requirements

component kəmˈpəʊnənt n a part orelement of a larger whole especially apart of a machine or vehicle

compressed kəmˈprest adj to have beensqueezed or pressed to a smaller size

compression kəmˈpreʃn n the process orresult of making something smaller bypressing it

compressive strain kəmˌpresɪv ˈstreɪn n the reduction in the length of a materialin relation to its original length when it ispressed

computed tomography (CT) kəmˌpjutɪd

təˈmɒgrəfi si ti n a medical imagingmethod of examining body organs byscanning them with X-rays created bycomputer processing

concept ˈkɒnsept n a design proposalthat requires more development

conduction kənˈdʌkʃn n the process bywhich heat or electricity passes througha material

conductor kənˈdʌktə(r) n an object orsubstance that allows electricity to pass

along or through itconsumer electronics kənˌsjumər

ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪks n electronic equipmentintended for everyday use eg televisionradio

convection kənˈvekʃn n the flow of heatthrough a gas or a liquid which creates acycle in which the hotter part rises andthe cooler part sinks

corrosion kəˈrəʊʒn n the gradualdestruction of metal by chemical action

CPU (central processing unit) ˌsi pi ju

ˌsentrəl ˈprəʊsesɪŋ ˌjunɪt n the part of acomputer that controls all the other parts

create kriˈeɪt v to make something exist

or happen

Photocopiable copy Oxford University ress

7212019 English Engineering Glossary

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983089983091983092 Glossary

network ˈnetwɜk n computers and otherdevices that are connected together so

that equipment and information can beshared

newton (N) ˈnjutən n a unit of forceequal to the amount of net force requiredto accelerate a mass of one kilogram at arate of one metre per second squared

numerical njuˈmerɪkl adj relating to orexpressed in numbers

out of tolerance ˌaʊt əv ˈtɒlərəns adj outside the acceptable variance of ameasurement

output ˈaʊtpʊt n the information orresults produced by a computer

parabolic ˌpaeligrəˈbɒlɪk adj having acurved bowl-like shape parabolic

reflectors and antennas use this shape tofocus signals to a single point

PD (potential difference) ˌpi di pəˌtenʃl

ˈdɪfrəns n the difference in voltagebetween two points in an electrical circuit

performance pəˈfɔməns n theeffectiveness of a machine or vehicle

petrochemical ˌpetrəʊˈkemɪkl n a chemicalmade from petroleum or natural gas

piston ˈpɪstən n a part of an engine thatconsists of a short cylinder that fits insidea tube and moves up and down to createpower

pole pəʊl n one end of an objectproducing a magnetic field a north poleor a south pole

practical ˈpraeligktɪkl adj connected withactually doing something rather thanideas or theories

precision prɪˈsɪʒn n consistency lack ofvariation in measurement

pressing ˈpresɪŋ n the process of a metalor plastic part being pressed into shape

pressure vessel ˈpreʃə vesl n a closedcontainer designed to hold fluids atpressures different to atmospheric pressure

pressurendashvolume (PV) diagram ˈpreʃə

ˈvɒljum pi vi daɪəgraeligm n a graphused to describe corresponding changes

in volume and pressure in a systemprocess engineer ˈprəʊses ˌendʒɪˌnɪə(r) n a person whose job is concerned withindustrial processes especially continuousones such as the production of chemicals

produce prəˈdjus v to make somethingproperty ˈprɒpəti n a quality or

characteristic that something hasproperty class ˈprɒpəti klɑs n marks on

the head of a bolt to show that it meetsstrength specifications (= strength rating)

prototype ˈprəʊtətaɪp n the first designof something made before it is producedin large quantities

punching ˈpʌntʃɪŋ n making a hole in

something with a tool or machine

liquid ˈlɪkwɪd n the state of a substancesuch as water that is neither solid nor gas

and flows freely to take the shape of itscontainer

load ləʊd n the force that is applied toan object

load cell ˈləʊd ˌsel n a device thatmeasures loads

logic ˈlɒdʒɪk n a system or set ofprinciples used in preparing a computer toperform a particular task

logic gate ˈlɒdʒɪk ˌgeɪt n an electronicswitch that performs a logical operationon one or more logic inputs and producesa single logic output

maglev ˈmaeligglev n a system usingelectrical and magnetic rather than

mechanical methods to support vehiclesby electromagnetic force

magnet ˈmaeliggnət n an object thatproduces a magnetic field with two endsa north pole and a south pole Oppositepoles attract each other while the samepoles repel or push each other away

magnetic polarity maeliggˌnetɪk

pəˈlaeligrəti n the two ends of a magnetthe north pole and the south poleproduced by a magnetic field

mainframe ˈmeɪnfreɪm n a powerfulcomputer usually the centre of a network and shared by many users

malleable ˈmaeligliəbl adj able to be pressedor hammered into shape

manufacturing ˌmaelignjuˈfaeligktʃərɪŋ n thebusiness or industry of producing goods

marketing ˈmɑkətɪŋ n the activity ofpresenting advertising and promoting aproduct or service in the best possible way

mass maeligs n a measure of a bodyrsquosresistance to acceleration basically thequantity of material that somethingcontains

mass production ˌmaeligs prəˈdʌkʃn n themanufacture of goods in large quantitiesoften using standardized designsmachinery and division of labour

materialsməˈtɪəriəlz

n substances fromwhich things are mademechanical məˈkaelignɪkl adj connected

with machines and engines and how theyoperate

medical imaging ˌmedɪkl ˈɪmɪdʒɪŋ n thetechnique and process used to createimages of the human body eg scanning

microchip ˈmaɪkrəʊtʃɪp n a verysmall piece of silicon used to carry acomplicated electronic circuit

microprocessor ˌmaɪkrəʊˈprəʊsesə(r) n asmall unit of a computer that contains allthe functions of a central processing unit(CPU)

hydrocarbon ˌhaɪdrəˈkɑbən n a chemicalmade up of hydrogen and carbon Petrol

gas and coal are all hydrocarbonshydrofoil ˈhaɪdrəfɔɪl n a boat that rises

above the surface of the water when it istravelling fast

hydrostatic pressure ˌhaɪdrəˌstaeligtɪk

ˈpreʃə(r) n the pressure at any givenpoint of a non-moving fluid

identify aɪˈdentɪfaɪ v to recognizesomething and understand what it is

impact ˈɪmpaeligkt n the act of one objecthitting another

improve ɪmˈpruv v to make somethingbetter than before

input ˈɪnpʊt n the binary (983088 or 983089)information that goes into a logic gate

inspection ɪnˈspekʃn n a close examinationto check that there are no errors

inspector ɪnˈspektə(r) n a person whose job is to check that parts have been madecorrectly

insulator ˈɪnsjuleɪtə(r) n a material thatelectricity canrsquot flow through

intake ˈɪnteɪk n the part of a machine orengine where air or fuel is taken in

integrated circuit ˈɪntɪgreɪtɪd ˌsɜkɪt n asmall microchip that contains a largenumber of electrical connections andperforms the same function as a largercircuit made from separate parts

jet propulsion ˈdʒet prəˌpʌlʃn n motionproduced by accelerating fluids in theopposite direction to the direction ofmotion

jetpack ˈdʒetpaeligk n a device worn on theback propelled by jets of escaping fluidenabling a single user to fly

JIT (just in time) ˌdʒeɪ ˌaɪ ˈti ˌdʒʌst ˌɪn

ˈtaɪm adj a manufacturing system inwhich parts or materials are produced ordelivered as they are needed to preventwasted storage space etc

LAN (local area network) laelign ˌləʊkl ˌeəriə

ˈnetwɜk n a computer network thatinterconnects computers in a limited area

such as a school or office buildinglaser ˈleɪzə(r) n a device that produces apowerful beam of light that can be usedas a tool for cutting metal or in medicaloperations

lean manufacturing ˌlin ˌmaelignjuˈfaeligktʃərɪŋ

n a production process that aims toeliminate waste in design manufacturingand distribution of a product

length leŋθ n the size or measurement ofsomething from one end to the other

linear motor ˈlɪniə ˌməʊtə(r) n a motorthat produces power in a straight line bydirect induction rather than with the useof gears

Photocopiable copy Oxford University ress

7212019 English Engineering Glossary

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Glossary 983089983091983093

terminal ˈtɜmɪnl n computer equipmentusually a keyboard and monitor that joins

the user to a networktest test v to try to use something such as a

machine or product to see how well it worksor find out more information about it

testing ˈtestɪŋ n using or checkingsomething to see if it works correctly

thermal ˈθɜml adj relating to caused byor generating heat

tough tʌf adj can withstand damageunder shock

transformer traelignsˈfɔmə(r) n a devicethat increases or decreases alternatingvoltage

transistor traelignˈzɪstə(r) n a device thatcontrols the flow of electricity inside a

piece of electronic equipment such as aradio or television

truth table ˈtruθ ˌteɪbl n a tableshowing the value of the output (983088 or 983089)for each value (983088 or 983089) of the input in alogic component or circuit

viscous ˈvɪskəs adj of a fluid having athick or sticky quality that resists internalmovement

visible ˈvɪzəbl adj able to be seen by thehuman eye

volt vəʊlt vɒlt n a unit for measuringthe force of an electric current

voltmeter ˈvəʊltmitə(r) n an instrumentused for measuring voltage in an electriccircuit

volume ˈvɒljum n the measurement ofthe three-dimensional space occupied bya material

waste weɪst n materials that are nolonger needed and are thrown away

wavelength ˈweɪvleŋθ n the distancebetween any point on a wave and theequivalent point on the next

wind loading ˈwɪnd ˌləʊdɪŋ n the forces on a structure due to wind

within tolerance wɪˌethɪn ˈtɒlərəns adj inside the amount by which ameasurement can vary without causing

problemsWLAN (wireless local area network)ˈdʌbl ˌju ˌlaelign ˌwaɪələs ˌləʊkl ˌeəriə

ˈnetwɜk n a network linking two ormore computers in a limited area using awireless distribution method

yield strength ˈjild ˌstreŋθ n the pointof stress at which a material begins todeform plastically

solar array ˌsəʊlər əˈreɪ n a system thatuses solar panels to convert sunlight into

electricitysolar energy ˌsəʊlər ˈenədʒi n energy that

comes from the sun that is converted intopower

solution səˈluʃn n an action or process ofsolving a problem

specify ˈspesɪfaɪ v to give details tosuppliers or manufacturers defining theirrequirements

speedndashtime graph ˈspid ˈtaɪm ˌgrɑf n agraph showing how fast an object istravelling at any one time The slope ofthe line plotted by a speedndashtime graphshows an objectrsquos acceleration

spot welding ˈspɒt ˌweldɪŋ n the joining

of two pieces of metal by means of heatand pressure applied at points along thesurfaces

stiffness ˈstɪfnəs n the quality of beingfirm and difficult to bend

strain gauge ˈstreɪn ˌgeɪdʒ n a deviceused to measure the strain of an object

strength streŋθ n the ability of somethingto support a force without breaking

stress stres n physical pressure put onsomething that can break it or cause it tochange shape

stressndashstrain graph ˈstres ˈstreɪn ˌgrɑf n a graph that shows the strength stiffnessand toughness of materials and theirbreaking point

substation ˈsʌbsteɪʃn n a place whereelectric power from a power station istransformed for distribution to homesand businesses

suction pump ˈsʌkʃn pʌmp n a machinethat sucks fluids to move them from oneplace to another

switchroom ˈswɪtʃrum n part ofa building that houses switchingmechanisms and associated apparatusoften high-voltage

teardrop shape ˈtɪədrɒp ˌʃeɪp n a smoothshape thick and round at one end and

thin and pointed at the othertelescope ˈtelɪskəʊp n a piece ofequipment shaped like a tube containinglenses or mirrors that you look throughto make objects that are far away appearlarger and nearer

tempered ˈtempəd adj made tougherafter hardening as a result of it beingheated and cooled more slowly

tensile strain ˈtensaɪl ˌstreɪn n theincrease in the length of a material inrelation to its original length when it ispulled

tensile strength ˈtensaɪl ˌstreŋθ n theextent to which something can support a

pulling force without breaking

quality assurance (QA) ˈkwɒləti əˌʃʊərəns

ˌkju eɪ n the practice of managing the

way goods are produced to make surethey meet required standards

quality control (QC) ˈkwɒləti kənˌtrəʊl

ˌkju si n the practice of catchingerrors in products and correcting thembefore they go out

quenched kwentʃt adj cooled rapidly inorder to make it harden especially metal

radiation ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn n energy such asheat or light that is sent out in the form ofelectromagnetic waves

range reɪndʒ n the total distance amechanical object (a car or an aircraft) cantravel before it needs more fuel

rapid prototyping ˌraeligpɪd prəʊtəˌtaɪpɪŋ n

a process used to create one copy of 983091Dobjects from designs

recertification ˌriˌsɜtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn n thecertification review that must take placeagain if a product is changed or improved

reflect rɪˈflekt v to throw back light orsound waves from a surface

regulation ˌregjuˈleɪʃn n an official ruledealing with details or procedures thatcontrol the way things are done eg forsafety reasons

reject ˈridʒekt n something that cannotbe used or sold because it does not meetthe required standard

reject rɪˈdʒekt v to decide not to usesomething because it is imperfect orunsatisfactory

rejection slip rɪˈdʒekʃn ˌslɪp n a shortreport that explains why something doesnot meet the required standard

resistance rɪˈzɪstəns n the opposition ofa piece of electrical equipment to the flowof a direct current

rework ˌriˈwɜk v to correct a part thatwould otherwise be rejected

safety ˈseɪfti n the state of being safeand protected from danger or harm

scrap skraeligp v to dispose of somethingnot wanted or that cannot be used for its

original purposeseismic ˈsaɪzmɪk adj connected with orcaused by earthquakes

seismic loading ˈsaɪzmɪk ˌləʊdɪŋ n theforces on a structure due to earthquakes

semiconductor ˌsemikənˈdʌktə(r) n adevice or material that can be made to actas either an insulator or a conductor

server ˈsɜvə(r) n a computer programthat controls or supplies informationto several computers connected in anetwork the main computer on whichthis program is run

smooth smueth adj having an even surfacewith no rough areas or lumps

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7212019 English Engineering Glossary

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983089983091983092 Glossary

network ˈnetwɜk n computers and otherdevices that are connected together so

that equipment and information can beshared

newton (N) ˈnjutən n a unit of forceequal to the amount of net force requiredto accelerate a mass of one kilogram at arate of one metre per second squared

numerical njuˈmerɪkl adj relating to orexpressed in numbers

out of tolerance ˌaʊt əv ˈtɒlərəns adj outside the acceptable variance of ameasurement

output ˈaʊtpʊt n the information orresults produced by a computer

parabolic ˌpaeligrəˈbɒlɪk adj having acurved bowl-like shape parabolic

reflectors and antennas use this shape tofocus signals to a single point

PD (potential difference) ˌpi di pəˌtenʃl

ˈdɪfrəns n the difference in voltagebetween two points in an electrical circuit

performance pəˈfɔməns n theeffectiveness of a machine or vehicle

petrochemical ˌpetrəʊˈkemɪkl n a chemicalmade from petroleum or natural gas

piston ˈpɪstən n a part of an engine thatconsists of a short cylinder that fits insidea tube and moves up and down to createpower

pole pəʊl n one end of an objectproducing a magnetic field a north poleor a south pole

practical ˈpraeligktɪkl adj connected withactually doing something rather thanideas or theories

precision prɪˈsɪʒn n consistency lack ofvariation in measurement

pressing ˈpresɪŋ n the process of a metalor plastic part being pressed into shape

pressure vessel ˈpreʃə vesl n a closedcontainer designed to hold fluids atpressures different to atmospheric pressure

pressurendashvolume (PV) diagram ˈpreʃə

ˈvɒljum pi vi daɪəgraeligm n a graphused to describe corresponding changes

in volume and pressure in a systemprocess engineer ˈprəʊses ˌendʒɪˌnɪə(r) n a person whose job is concerned withindustrial processes especially continuousones such as the production of chemicals

produce prəˈdjus v to make somethingproperty ˈprɒpəti n a quality or

characteristic that something hasproperty class ˈprɒpəti klɑs n marks on

the head of a bolt to show that it meetsstrength specifications (= strength rating)

prototype ˈprəʊtətaɪp n the first designof something made before it is producedin large quantities

punching ˈpʌntʃɪŋ n making a hole in

something with a tool or machine

liquid ˈlɪkwɪd n the state of a substancesuch as water that is neither solid nor gas

and flows freely to take the shape of itscontainer

load ləʊd n the force that is applied toan object

load cell ˈləʊd ˌsel n a device thatmeasures loads

logic ˈlɒdʒɪk n a system or set ofprinciples used in preparing a computer toperform a particular task

logic gate ˈlɒdʒɪk ˌgeɪt n an electronicswitch that performs a logical operationon one or more logic inputs and producesa single logic output

maglev ˈmaeligglev n a system usingelectrical and magnetic rather than

mechanical methods to support vehiclesby electromagnetic force

magnet ˈmaeliggnət n an object thatproduces a magnetic field with two endsa north pole and a south pole Oppositepoles attract each other while the samepoles repel or push each other away

magnetic polarity maeliggˌnetɪk

pəˈlaeligrəti n the two ends of a magnetthe north pole and the south poleproduced by a magnetic field

mainframe ˈmeɪnfreɪm n a powerfulcomputer usually the centre of a network and shared by many users

malleable ˈmaeligliəbl adj able to be pressedor hammered into shape

manufacturing ˌmaelignjuˈfaeligktʃərɪŋ n thebusiness or industry of producing goods

marketing ˈmɑkətɪŋ n the activity ofpresenting advertising and promoting aproduct or service in the best possible way

mass maeligs n a measure of a bodyrsquosresistance to acceleration basically thequantity of material that somethingcontains

mass production ˌmaeligs prəˈdʌkʃn n themanufacture of goods in large quantitiesoften using standardized designsmachinery and division of labour

materialsməˈtɪəriəlz

n substances fromwhich things are mademechanical məˈkaelignɪkl adj connected

with machines and engines and how theyoperate

medical imaging ˌmedɪkl ˈɪmɪdʒɪŋ n thetechnique and process used to createimages of the human body eg scanning

microchip ˈmaɪkrəʊtʃɪp n a verysmall piece of silicon used to carry acomplicated electronic circuit

microprocessor ˌmaɪkrəʊˈprəʊsesə(r) n asmall unit of a computer that contains allthe functions of a central processing unit(CPU)

hydrocarbon ˌhaɪdrəˈkɑbən n a chemicalmade up of hydrogen and carbon Petrol

gas and coal are all hydrocarbonshydrofoil ˈhaɪdrəfɔɪl n a boat that rises

above the surface of the water when it istravelling fast

hydrostatic pressure ˌhaɪdrəˌstaeligtɪk

ˈpreʃə(r) n the pressure at any givenpoint of a non-moving fluid

identify aɪˈdentɪfaɪ v to recognizesomething and understand what it is

impact ˈɪmpaeligkt n the act of one objecthitting another

improve ɪmˈpruv v to make somethingbetter than before

input ˈɪnpʊt n the binary (983088 or 983089)information that goes into a logic gate

inspection ɪnˈspekʃn n a close examinationto check that there are no errors

inspector ɪnˈspektə(r) n a person whose job is to check that parts have been madecorrectly

insulator ˈɪnsjuleɪtə(r) n a material thatelectricity canrsquot flow through

intake ˈɪnteɪk n the part of a machine orengine where air or fuel is taken in

integrated circuit ˈɪntɪgreɪtɪd ˌsɜkɪt n asmall microchip that contains a largenumber of electrical connections andperforms the same function as a largercircuit made from separate parts

jet propulsion ˈdʒet prəˌpʌlʃn n motionproduced by accelerating fluids in theopposite direction to the direction ofmotion

jetpack ˈdʒetpaeligk n a device worn on theback propelled by jets of escaping fluidenabling a single user to fly

JIT (just in time) ˌdʒeɪ ˌaɪ ˈti ˌdʒʌst ˌɪn

ˈtaɪm adj a manufacturing system inwhich parts or materials are produced ordelivered as they are needed to preventwasted storage space etc

LAN (local area network) laelign ˌləʊkl ˌeəriə

ˈnetwɜk n a computer network thatinterconnects computers in a limited area

such as a school or office buildinglaser ˈleɪzə(r) n a device that produces apowerful beam of light that can be usedas a tool for cutting metal or in medicaloperations

lean manufacturing ˌlin ˌmaelignjuˈfaeligktʃərɪŋ

n a production process that aims toeliminate waste in design manufacturingand distribution of a product

length leŋθ n the size or measurement ofsomething from one end to the other

linear motor ˈlɪniə ˌməʊtə(r) n a motorthat produces power in a straight line bydirect induction rather than with the useof gears

Photocopiable copy Oxford University ress

7212019 English Engineering Glossary

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullenglish-engineering-glossary 44

Glossary 983089983091983093

terminal ˈtɜmɪnl n computer equipmentusually a keyboard and monitor that joins

the user to a networktest test v to try to use something such as a

machine or product to see how well it worksor find out more information about it

testing ˈtestɪŋ n using or checkingsomething to see if it works correctly

thermal ˈθɜml adj relating to caused byor generating heat

tough tʌf adj can withstand damageunder shock

transformer traelignsˈfɔmə(r) n a devicethat increases or decreases alternatingvoltage

transistor traelignˈzɪstə(r) n a device thatcontrols the flow of electricity inside a

piece of electronic equipment such as aradio or television

truth table ˈtruθ ˌteɪbl n a tableshowing the value of the output (983088 or 983089)for each value (983088 or 983089) of the input in alogic component or circuit

viscous ˈvɪskəs adj of a fluid having athick or sticky quality that resists internalmovement

visible ˈvɪzəbl adj able to be seen by thehuman eye

volt vəʊlt vɒlt n a unit for measuringthe force of an electric current

voltmeter ˈvəʊltmitə(r) n an instrumentused for measuring voltage in an electriccircuit

volume ˈvɒljum n the measurement ofthe three-dimensional space occupied bya material

waste weɪst n materials that are nolonger needed and are thrown away

wavelength ˈweɪvleŋθ n the distancebetween any point on a wave and theequivalent point on the next

wind loading ˈwɪnd ˌləʊdɪŋ n the forces on a structure due to wind

within tolerance wɪˌethɪn ˈtɒlərəns adj inside the amount by which ameasurement can vary without causing

problemsWLAN (wireless local area network)ˈdʌbl ˌju ˌlaelign ˌwaɪələs ˌləʊkl ˌeəriə

ˈnetwɜk n a network linking two ormore computers in a limited area using awireless distribution method

yield strength ˈjild ˌstreŋθ n the pointof stress at which a material begins todeform plastically

solar array ˌsəʊlər əˈreɪ n a system thatuses solar panels to convert sunlight into

electricitysolar energy ˌsəʊlər ˈenədʒi n energy that

comes from the sun that is converted intopower

solution səˈluʃn n an action or process ofsolving a problem

specify ˈspesɪfaɪ v to give details tosuppliers or manufacturers defining theirrequirements

speedndashtime graph ˈspid ˈtaɪm ˌgrɑf n agraph showing how fast an object istravelling at any one time The slope ofthe line plotted by a speedndashtime graphshows an objectrsquos acceleration

spot welding ˈspɒt ˌweldɪŋ n the joining

of two pieces of metal by means of heatand pressure applied at points along thesurfaces

stiffness ˈstɪfnəs n the quality of beingfirm and difficult to bend

strain gauge ˈstreɪn ˌgeɪdʒ n a deviceused to measure the strain of an object

strength streŋθ n the ability of somethingto support a force without breaking

stress stres n physical pressure put onsomething that can break it or cause it tochange shape

stressndashstrain graph ˈstres ˈstreɪn ˌgrɑf n a graph that shows the strength stiffnessand toughness of materials and theirbreaking point

substation ˈsʌbsteɪʃn n a place whereelectric power from a power station istransformed for distribution to homesand businesses

suction pump ˈsʌkʃn pʌmp n a machinethat sucks fluids to move them from oneplace to another

switchroom ˈswɪtʃrum n part ofa building that houses switchingmechanisms and associated apparatusoften high-voltage

teardrop shape ˈtɪədrɒp ˌʃeɪp n a smoothshape thick and round at one end and

thin and pointed at the othertelescope ˈtelɪskəʊp n a piece ofequipment shaped like a tube containinglenses or mirrors that you look throughto make objects that are far away appearlarger and nearer

tempered ˈtempəd adj made tougherafter hardening as a result of it beingheated and cooled more slowly

tensile strain ˈtensaɪl ˌstreɪn n theincrease in the length of a material inrelation to its original length when it ispulled

tensile strength ˈtensaɪl ˌstreŋθ n theextent to which something can support a

pulling force without breaking

quality assurance (QA) ˈkwɒləti əˌʃʊərəns

ˌkju eɪ n the practice of managing the

way goods are produced to make surethey meet required standards

quality control (QC) ˈkwɒləti kənˌtrəʊl

ˌkju si n the practice of catchingerrors in products and correcting thembefore they go out

quenched kwentʃt adj cooled rapidly inorder to make it harden especially metal

radiation ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn n energy such asheat or light that is sent out in the form ofelectromagnetic waves

range reɪndʒ n the total distance amechanical object (a car or an aircraft) cantravel before it needs more fuel

rapid prototyping ˌraeligpɪd prəʊtəˌtaɪpɪŋ n

a process used to create one copy of 983091Dobjects from designs

recertification ˌriˌsɜtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn n thecertification review that must take placeagain if a product is changed or improved

reflect rɪˈflekt v to throw back light orsound waves from a surface

regulation ˌregjuˈleɪʃn n an official ruledealing with details or procedures thatcontrol the way things are done eg forsafety reasons

reject ˈridʒekt n something that cannotbe used or sold because it does not meetthe required standard

reject rɪˈdʒekt v to decide not to usesomething because it is imperfect orunsatisfactory

rejection slip rɪˈdʒekʃn ˌslɪp n a shortreport that explains why something doesnot meet the required standard

resistance rɪˈzɪstəns n the opposition ofa piece of electrical equipment to the flowof a direct current

rework ˌriˈwɜk v to correct a part thatwould otherwise be rejected

safety ˈseɪfti n the state of being safeand protected from danger or harm

scrap skraeligp v to dispose of somethingnot wanted or that cannot be used for its

original purposeseismic ˈsaɪzmɪk adj connected with orcaused by earthquakes

seismic loading ˈsaɪzmɪk ˌləʊdɪŋ n theforces on a structure due to earthquakes

semiconductor ˌsemikənˈdʌktə(r) n adevice or material that can be made to actas either an insulator or a conductor

server ˈsɜvə(r) n a computer programthat controls or supplies informationto several computers connected in anetwork the main computer on whichthis program is run

smooth smueth adj having an even surfacewith no rough areas or lumps

Photocopiable copy Oxford University ress

7212019 English Engineering Glossary

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullenglish-engineering-glossary 44

Glossary 983089983091983093

terminal ˈtɜmɪnl n computer equipmentusually a keyboard and monitor that joins

the user to a networktest test v to try to use something such as a

machine or product to see how well it worksor find out more information about it

testing ˈtestɪŋ n using or checkingsomething to see if it works correctly

thermal ˈθɜml adj relating to caused byor generating heat

tough tʌf adj can withstand damageunder shock

transformer traelignsˈfɔmə(r) n a devicethat increases or decreases alternatingvoltage

transistor traelignˈzɪstə(r) n a device thatcontrols the flow of electricity inside a

piece of electronic equipment such as aradio or television

truth table ˈtruθ ˌteɪbl n a tableshowing the value of the output (983088 or 983089)for each value (983088 or 983089) of the input in alogic component or circuit

viscous ˈvɪskəs adj of a fluid having athick or sticky quality that resists internalmovement

visible ˈvɪzəbl adj able to be seen by thehuman eye

volt vəʊlt vɒlt n a unit for measuringthe force of an electric current

voltmeter ˈvəʊltmitə(r) n an instrumentused for measuring voltage in an electriccircuit

volume ˈvɒljum n the measurement ofthe three-dimensional space occupied bya material

waste weɪst n materials that are nolonger needed and are thrown away

wavelength ˈweɪvleŋθ n the distancebetween any point on a wave and theequivalent point on the next

wind loading ˈwɪnd ˌləʊdɪŋ n the forces on a structure due to wind

within tolerance wɪˌethɪn ˈtɒlərəns adj inside the amount by which ameasurement can vary without causing

problemsWLAN (wireless local area network)ˈdʌbl ˌju ˌlaelign ˌwaɪələs ˌləʊkl ˌeəriə

ˈnetwɜk n a network linking two ormore computers in a limited area using awireless distribution method

yield strength ˈjild ˌstreŋθ n the pointof stress at which a material begins todeform plastically

solar array ˌsəʊlər əˈreɪ n a system thatuses solar panels to convert sunlight into

electricitysolar energy ˌsəʊlər ˈenədʒi n energy that

comes from the sun that is converted intopower

solution səˈluʃn n an action or process ofsolving a problem

specify ˈspesɪfaɪ v to give details tosuppliers or manufacturers defining theirrequirements

speedndashtime graph ˈspid ˈtaɪm ˌgrɑf n agraph showing how fast an object istravelling at any one time The slope ofthe line plotted by a speedndashtime graphshows an objectrsquos acceleration

spot welding ˈspɒt ˌweldɪŋ n the joining

of two pieces of metal by means of heatand pressure applied at points along thesurfaces

stiffness ˈstɪfnəs n the quality of beingfirm and difficult to bend

strain gauge ˈstreɪn ˌgeɪdʒ n a deviceused to measure the strain of an object

strength streŋθ n the ability of somethingto support a force without breaking

stress stres n physical pressure put onsomething that can break it or cause it tochange shape

stressndashstrain graph ˈstres ˈstreɪn ˌgrɑf n a graph that shows the strength stiffnessand toughness of materials and theirbreaking point

substation ˈsʌbsteɪʃn n a place whereelectric power from a power station istransformed for distribution to homesand businesses

suction pump ˈsʌkʃn pʌmp n a machinethat sucks fluids to move them from oneplace to another

switchroom ˈswɪtʃrum n part ofa building that houses switchingmechanisms and associated apparatusoften high-voltage

teardrop shape ˈtɪədrɒp ˌʃeɪp n a smoothshape thick and round at one end and

thin and pointed at the othertelescope ˈtelɪskəʊp n a piece ofequipment shaped like a tube containinglenses or mirrors that you look throughto make objects that are far away appearlarger and nearer

tempered ˈtempəd adj made tougherafter hardening as a result of it beingheated and cooled more slowly

tensile strain ˈtensaɪl ˌstreɪn n theincrease in the length of a material inrelation to its original length when it ispulled

tensile strength ˈtensaɪl ˌstreŋθ n theextent to which something can support a

pulling force without breaking

quality assurance (QA) ˈkwɒləti əˌʃʊərəns

ˌkju eɪ n the practice of managing the

way goods are produced to make surethey meet required standards

quality control (QC) ˈkwɒləti kənˌtrəʊl

ˌkju si n the practice of catchingerrors in products and correcting thembefore they go out

quenched kwentʃt adj cooled rapidly inorder to make it harden especially metal

radiation ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn n energy such asheat or light that is sent out in the form ofelectromagnetic waves

range reɪndʒ n the total distance amechanical object (a car or an aircraft) cantravel before it needs more fuel

rapid prototyping ˌraeligpɪd prəʊtəˌtaɪpɪŋ n

a process used to create one copy of 983091Dobjects from designs

recertification ˌriˌsɜtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn n thecertification review that must take placeagain if a product is changed or improved

reflect rɪˈflekt v to throw back light orsound waves from a surface

regulation ˌregjuˈleɪʃn n an official ruledealing with details or procedures thatcontrol the way things are done eg forsafety reasons

reject ˈridʒekt n something that cannotbe used or sold because it does not meetthe required standard

reject rɪˈdʒekt v to decide not to usesomething because it is imperfect orunsatisfactory

rejection slip rɪˈdʒekʃn ˌslɪp n a shortreport that explains why something doesnot meet the required standard

resistance rɪˈzɪstəns n the opposition ofa piece of electrical equipment to the flowof a direct current

rework ˌriˈwɜk v to correct a part thatwould otherwise be rejected

safety ˈseɪfti n the state of being safeand protected from danger or harm

scrap skraeligp v to dispose of somethingnot wanted or that cannot be used for its

original purposeseismic ˈsaɪzmɪk adj connected with orcaused by earthquakes

seismic loading ˈsaɪzmɪk ˌləʊdɪŋ n theforces on a structure due to earthquakes

semiconductor ˌsemikənˈdʌktə(r) n adevice or material that can be made to actas either an insulator or a conductor

server ˈsɜvə(r) n a computer programthat controls or supplies informationto several computers connected in anetwork the main computer on whichthis program is run

smooth smueth adj having an even surfacewith no rough areas or lumps

Photocopiable copy Oxford University ress