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I am = I'm  

you are   = you're 

he is 

= he's 

she is  = she's 

it is = it's  

are not   = aren't

is not = isn't 

a = b, c, d ...  an = a, e, i, o, u 

a banana, a car,

a dog... 

an apple, an

elephant, an

igloo, an

orange, an

umbrella 

Question - What/Who is it?

What ....? = things

Who .....? = people

"What's" = What is

"It's" = It is

"Who's" = Who is

8/4/2019 Eng Lhagwa

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"What's

this?" 

"It's an apple."  

"And

this?" 

"It's a pear." 

"And what's

this?" "It's a car." 

"And what

are these?" 

"They're biscuits."  

"And these?"  "They're eggs." 

"Who's

this?"  

"It's Mr. Bean." 

8/4/2019 Eng Lhagwa

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a) - What your name?

- My name John Roberts.

(Here you could also answer in the short form - "John Roberts."

b) - Who you?

- I John Roberts.

(Here you could also answer in the short form - "John Roberts."

c) - Who John Roberts?

- I .

d) - you John Roberts?

- Yes I .

(Here you could also answer in the short form - "Yes."

e) - Who she?

- She my wife.

(Here you could also answer in the short form - "My wife."

f) - Who they?

- They Mr and Mrs Roberts.

(Here you could also answer in the short form - "Mr and Mrs Roberts."

8/4/2019 Eng Lhagwa

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What's this?

What's this?

What are these?

What's this?

What are these?

What's this?

What are these?

8/4/2019 Eng Lhagwa

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Follow the dialogue.  Mr Bean meets Mrs Breuer, one of his students, and her husband in the street. 

Mr Bean:  Good morning, Mrs Breuer.

Mrs Breuer:  Good morning, Mr Bean. How are you? 

Mr Bean: I'm fine thanks, and you?

Mrs Breuer:Not too bad. Mr Bean, this is my husband Michael, Michael this is Mr Bean my

English teacher.

Mr Breuer: Pleased to meet you.

Mr Bean: Pleased to meet you too. Are you from Germany, Mr Breuer?

Mr Breuer:  Yes, East Germany, from Dresden. And you, are you from London?

Mr Bean: No, I'm from Derby, but I live in London now.

Mrs Breuer:  Well, goodbye Mr Bean, it was nice to see you.

Mr Bean:  Yes, goodbye.

What to say Everyday Greetings

"Hello" or  "Hi!" 

"Good morning"  

"Good afternoon"  

"Good evening"  

"Goodbye" 

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+  "Good night"  

+  "Good night" 

->Meeting<- 

When you meet people you say "Good morning" first thing in the morning, "Good afternoon" from about 12.00

till around 17.00 and "Good evening" from then on.

"Hello" or "Hi" are more informal but can be used at any time.

Question Emotion Response

o  How are you?    Great thanks. 

o  How are you?   Fine thanks. or  I'm OK thanks. 

o  How are you?   Not too bad thanks. 

<-Parting-> 

When leaving, you say "Goodbye".

"Bye" is more informal.

When leaving at night, you say "Goodnight".

When going to bed you say "Goodnight."

8/4/2019 Eng Lhagwa

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Remember It

Questions

Who? = People

What? = Things

Learn It

Where? = Places

Where you come from is your nationality. 

CAPITALISATION RULES

Rule For example

People's namesalways start with aCAPITAL LETTER.

My name is LynneHand.

Countries alwaysstart with a CAPITALLETTER.

I come from England, but I live in

Germany.

Cities always startwith a CAPITALLETTER.

I grew up in Nottingham.

Nationalities alwaysstart with a CAPITALLETTER.

I am English.

8/4/2019 Eng Lhagwa

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Where is this?

Is this Germany?Is England in

Poland?

What is the

capital of

England?

No, this isn't

Germany. This is

England.

No, England isn't in

Poland. England is in

Britain.

The capital of

England is

London.

Is this France?Is Wales in

Germany?

What is the

capital of

Wales?

No, this isn't

France. This is

Wales.

No, Wales isn't in

Germany. Wales is in

Britain.

The capital of

Wales is Cardiff.

Is this Spain?Is Scotland in

France?

What is the

capital of

Scotland?

No, this isn't Spain.

This is Scotland.

No, Scotland isn't in

France. Scotland is in

Britain.

The capital of

Scotland is

Edinburgh.

Is this Italy?Is Northern Ireland in

Italy?

What is the

capital of

Northern

8/4/2019 Eng Lhagwa

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Ireland?

No, this isn't Italy.

This is Northern

Ireland.

No, Northern Ireland

isn't in Italy. Northern

Ireland is in the United

Kingdom.

The capital of

Northern Ireland

is Belfast.

Where is this?Is the United

Kingdom in America?Tell me more.

This is the United

Kingdom.

No, the United

Kingdom isn't in

America. The United

Kingdom is in Europe.

England, Wales

and Scotland

are countries in

Britain. England,

Wales, Scotland

and Northern

Ireland are

countries in the

United Kingdom.

London, Belfast,

Edinburgh and

Cardiff are

capital cities.

London is the

capital of Britain.

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This is England.

Q - Is England a city?

A - No, England isn't a city. England is a

country.

Q - And London. Is London a city or a

country?

A - London is a city, a capital city. London

is the capital city of England.

Q - Is London in Germany?

A - No, London isn't in Germany. London

is in England.

Who is this?/Who are they?

Who is this? What is her name?Where does she

come from?

Where does she

live?

What

nationa

is she

It's Ingrid.Her name is Ingrid

Bergman

She comes from

SwedenShe's dead.

She's

Swedish

Who is this? What is his name?Where does he

come from?

Where does he

live?

What

nationa

is he?

It's Napoleon.His name is Napolean

Bonaparte.

He comes from

France.He's dead.

He's

French.

Who are they? What are their names?Where do they

come from?

Where do they

live?

What

nationa

are the

They're 'The Beatles'.

Their names are John

Lennon, Paul McCartney,

Ringo Starr and George

Harrison.

They come from

England.

John Lennon and

George Harrison are

dead. Paul lives in

England and Ringo

lives in Monte Carlo.

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Note:

Where do you come from? = Where were you born or raised? 

Where do you live? = Where do you live now? 

For example: 

"I come from England, but I live in Germany." 

Now you try:- (Requires a free Voice Thread account). 

What to say

Question Short answer Long answer

"What's your name?" "It's Lynne Hand." "My name is Lynne Hand."

"Where do you come from?" "From England." "I come from England."

"Where do you live?" "In Darmstadt." "I live in Darmstadt."

"What nationality are you?" "I'm English." "My nationality is English."

When asked questions about themselves people often give short one-word answers:-  

Question Short one - word answer

"What's your name?" "Lynne Hand."

"Where do you come from?" "England."

"What country do you come from?" "England"

"Where are you from?" "England"

"Where do you live?" "Darmstadt."

"What nationality are you?" "English."

8/4/2019 Eng Lhagwa

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Follow the dialogue. 

o  What's your name please?   Mr. Bean.

o

  Do you come from London?

  No I come from Derby.

o  Do you live in Derby?   No, I live in London.

o  Are you English?   Yes, I am.

o  Thank you.   You're welcome.

Numbers

The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … (and so on) are whole numbers. 

We use numbers to count things, like apples:-

1.

2.

We have two apples.

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There are lots of counting rhymes in English, here are a few:- 

Rhymes and Songs

One, two, three, four, five,

Once I caught a fish alive.

Six, seven, eight, nine, ten,

Then I let it go again.

One, two - buckle my shoe ,

three, four - knock on the door,

five, six - pick up sticks,

seven, eight - close the gate,

nine, ten - a big fat hen.

Ten Green Bottles 

Ten green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Ten green bottles

Hanging on the wallAnd if one green bottle

Should accidentally fall

There'll be nine green bottles

Hanging on the wall

And so it goes on...

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Nine green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Nine green bottles

Hanging on the wall

And if one green bottleShould accidentally fall

There'll be eight green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Eight green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Eight green bottles

Hanging on the wall

And if one green bottle

Should accidentally fall

There'll be seven green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Seven green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Seven green bottles

Hanging on the wall

And if one green bottle

Should accidentally fallThere'll be six green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Six green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Six green bottles

Hanging on the wall

And if one green bottle

Should accidentally fall

There'll be five green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Five green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Five green bottles

Hanging on the wall

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And if one green bottle

Should accidentally fall

There'll be four green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Four green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Four green bottles

Hanging on the wall

And if one green bottle

Should accidentally fall

There'll be three green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Three green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Three green bottles

Hanging on the wall

And if one green bottle

Should accidentally fall

There'll be two green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Two green bottles

Hanging on the wall

Two green bottles

Hanging on the wall

And if one green bottle

Should accidentally fall

There'll be one green bottles

Hanging on the wall

One green bottle

Hanging on the wall

One green bottle

Hanging on the wall

If that one green bottle

Should accidentally fall

There'll be no green bottles

Hanging on the wall