슬라이드 제목 없음 - ITFINDitfind.or.kr/smartkorea/2009/S3_2.pdf · 그린컴퓨팅개요...

1Cloud Computing for Green IT© 2009 Soo Dong Kim

김 수 동컴퓨터학부, 교수

Software and Services Engineering Laboratory (SSEL)Mobile Service Software Engineering Center (MSSEC)

숭 실 대 학 교[email protected]

http://soft.ssu.ac.kr http://mssec.ssu.ac.kr

Nov. 2009

녹색경영체계 구축을 위한클라우드 컴퓨팅

Cloud Computing for Realizing Green IT


Table of Contents

Part Content Page #

1그린 컴퓨팅 개요

Overview of Green Computing3

2클라우드 컴퓨팅 개요

Overview of Cloud Computing11

3클라우드 서비스을 이용한, 그린 IT 구현 전략

Implementing Green IT using Cloud Services20

4맺 는 말

Concluding Remarks38


3

Part 1

그린 컴퓨팅 개요Overview of Green Computing


Green Computing

Generally referred to Power Consumption

Introduced right after Energy Stars program began.

Definition [Wikipedia]

The study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment.


Three Criteria for Green Computing

Computing systems or products with green computing principles should consider;

Economic Viability

Social Responsibility

Environmental Impact


An Observation on PC Usage (1) Energy Use of PCs CPU uses 120 Watts

CRT uses 150 Watts 8 hours of usage, 5 days a week = 562 Kwatts For a large institution, the power bill for just computers can

come to millions $ per year.

Energy use comes from Electrical current to run the CPU, motherboard,

memory Fans and spinning the disksMonitor, printers


An Observation on PC Usage (2)

Reducing Energy Consumption

Turn off the computer or monitor when not in use.

Use power saver mode

Use hardware/software with Energy Star label “seal of approval” by the Energy Star organization of the

government (the EPA)

Others


Approaches to Green Computing (1)

Algorithmic Efficiency

The efficiency of algorithms used in systems determine the demand for computing power.

Virtualization

Several distributed physical systems are combined into one single system, which is shared.


Approaches to Green Computing (2) Power ManagementAdvanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI),

an open industry standard, allows operating systems to directly control the power saving aspects.

Sleep mode

Energy saving Devices Solid State storage, LCD monitor with cold-cathode

fluorescent bulb or LEDs

Telecommuting Teleconference, VoIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol)

Recycling


Green IT 2.0

March 2009, Forrester Research, Inc., “Mapping IT’s Green Opportunities”

Enabled by CC


11

Part 2

클라우드 컴퓨팅 개요Overview of Cloud Computing


Definition of Cloud Computing

How to get the name, ‘Cloud’?

A metaphor for the Internet

An abstraction for the complex infrastructure

Be seen anywhere by anyone

Definition

Accessing computing resources and services hosted by providers, via the Internet, and paying for the amount used like utilities


Types of Cloud Services (1)

Software-as-a-service (SaaS)

Components-as-a-service (CaaS)

Platform-as-a-service (PaaS)

Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS)

© Forrester Research 2008


Types of Cloud Services (2)

SaaS CaaS PaaS IaaS

Resource Type SW SW SW HW

Granularity of Service Whole Part Whole Whole

Software on Client* BrowserClient

ProgramBrowser Browser

LayersApplication

LayerApplication

LayerMiddleware

LayerPhysical

Layer

* Alternatively, a service subscription platform may be used.


Underlying Technologies Grid ComputingDistributed computing whereby a 'super and virtual

computer' is composed of a cluster of networked, loosely coupled computers, collaborating in concert to perform very large tasks

Utility ComputingA packaging of computing available resources, such

as computation and storage, as a metered service similar to a traditional public utility such as electricity

Autonomic Computing Computer systems capable of self-management


Internet

Deployment View of CC

WebBrowser

ServicePlatform

S

P

I

C

SS

C C

P

PI

I

ConsumerDataset

ConsumerDataset

ConsumerDataset

SystemDataset

SystemDataset


Internet

Underlying Technologies in CC

WebBrowser

ServicePlatform

S

P

I

C

SS

C C

P

PI

I

ConsumerDataset

ConsumerDataset

ConsumerDataset

SystemDataset

SystemDataset

UtilityPlugs

Grid ofServices

AutonomousManagement


Architecture for Mash-up Services

ESB-based

Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)

ConsumerDataset

C

C CUDDIServiceRegistry

SystemDataset

BPELEngine

ClientApplication C

C C

SystemDataset

OtherServiceComponent

BusinessProcess/Composition


Characteristics of Cloud Services

From Definition [Forrester Research 2008, Wikipedia 2009]

IT-based Capability

Accessible via Internet

Always available and scales

Pay-per-use or Advertising-based

Web- or programmatic interfaces

Customer self-service


20

Part 3

클라우드 서비스 기반, 그린 IT전략Implementing Green IT with Cloud Services


Why CC for Green? (1)

Some Mega-Trends

Availability of Wireless and Mobile Internet

Smart Phones

Mobile Devices (MID, PMP)



Mobile Devices

Limited computing power and resources

But, flexible wireless internet access

Thin-Client

Carries web browser and light software.

Fat Server

Provides software functionality.

Manages system and datasets.



Key Benefits

Internet

S

S

S ConsumerDataset

SystemDataset

Reduced Demandson Mobile Devices

No cost to purchase/Pay only for Usage.

No maintenance/updates

Services sharedby Consumers

One maintenancedoes it all.

OVERALL savings inhardware, software, cost, and efforts


Strategy 1. Adopt CC Architecture

Different from conventional system architecture

Internet

WebBrowser

S

SS

ConsumerDataset

SystemDataset

Virtualization Handler

SessionManager

Control Layer(Running BPs)

ModelLayer

DataLayer


Strategy 1. Adopt CC Architecture MVC layers reside on server side. View Layer contains Virtualization Handler and Session Manager.

Virtualization Manager Provides virtual access points for services which might run on

different nodes. Multi-cloud configurations

Session Manager Manages and separates sessions of multi-tenants.

Conventional Approaches Control Layer, Model Layer, Data Layer

Risks / Issues Potential Congestion on Access Points on Provider’ side Control layer may simply have wrappers which conceal legacy

applications.


Strategy 2. Modeling Commonality

Reusability of CC

Services are to be reused by a large number of consumers.

Services with low reusability would lose the justification for investment.

Capturing Commonality into Services

CC provides software functionality and feature which are common, and so reused by potentially many service consumers.

Services with high commonality would yield high profits/return on the investment (ROI).


GreenS Methodology (1)Phase 100. 비즈니스 프로세스 분석 (Analyzing Business Processes)

서비스 요구사항 정의Defining Service Requirements

110 비즈니스 프로세스 정의Defining Business Processes

120

Phase 200. 서비스 분석 (Analyzing Services)

공통성 분석Analyzing Commonality

210 서비스 식별Identifying Services

220 가변성 분석Analyzing Variability

230

Phase 300. 서비스 설계 (Designing Services)

서비스 인터페이스 설계Designing Service Interfaces

310 서비스 컴포넌트 설계Designing Service Components

320 서비스 어댑터 설계Designing Service Adapters

330

Phase 400. 서비스 구현 (Implementing Services)

단일 서비스 구현Implementing Atomic Services

410 복합 서비스 구현Implementing Composite Services

420 서비스 어댑터 구현Implementing Service Adapters

430

Phase 500. 서비스 운영 (Operating Services)

서비스 배포Deploying Services

510 서비스 등록Registering Services

520


GreenS Methodology (2)

서비스 요구사항 정의Defining Service Requirements

110 비즈니스 프로세스 정의Defining Business Processes

120

공통성 분석Analyzing Commonality

210 서비스 식별Identifying Services

220 가변성 분석Analyzing Variability

230

서비스 인터페이스 설계Designing Service Interfaces

310 서비스 컴포넌트 설계Designing Service Components

320 서비스 어댑터 설계Designing Service Adapters

330

단일 서비스 구현Implementing Atomic Services

410 복합 서비스 구현Implementing Composite Services

420 서비스 어댑터 구현Implementing Service Adapters

430

서비스 배포Deploying Services

510 서비스 등록Registering Services

520

Commonality

Analysis Model

Raw Information

to Requirement

Service

Requirement

Specification (SRS)

Business Process

Specification (BPS)

(Preliminary)

Service

Specification

(Refined)

Service

Specification

Service Interface

Specification

Service

Component

Design

Service Adapter

Design

Atomic Service

Components

Composite Service

Components

Service Adapter

Components

Deployed

Components

Registered

Services


Strategy 3. Provide High QoS (1) Service-Level Agreement (SLA)A negotiated agreement between service customer

and service provider

SLA specifies a common understanding about services, priorities, responsibilities, guarantees, and warranties.

Often, SLA includes agreements on quality levels.

Quality of Service (QoS)Measured Values of Quality Attributes

Services should meet QoS values specified in SLA.


Strategy 3. Provide High QoS (2)

Essential Quality Attributes for CC

Reusability

Scalability

Availability

Others…

Quality Model

for Cloud Services


Ensuring Scalability (1)

Why need high Scalability?

The amount of service requests from consumers is unpredictable, dynamic.

Hence, services should be highly scalable even in the situation that an extremely high number of service invocations and so their associated resource requests are requested.

Services with low scalability would suffer at the time of peak requests and so lose their reputations by consumers.



Scalability

Refers to an ability of service to either handle growing amounts of work in a graceful manner or to be readily enlarged.

Terms used

Service Load Amount of Service Requests/Invocations

For ‘Performance’ in QoS, Pideal : The performance level which is ideal.

Ptolerable : The minimum level of performance which can be accepted



How to extend/maximize Rangeacceptable?

Quality of Service(such as Performance)

Service Load(amount of service invocations)

pideal

ptolerable

Ideal Performance

Actual Performance

Tolerable GapIntolerable Gap

RANGEacceptable RANGEunacceptable


Strategy 4. Autonomic Management (1)

Autonomic Computing

A paradigm is a paradigm to develop computer systems capable of self-management

Self-Healing

Self-Protecting

Self-Optimizing

Self-Configuring



Key Elements in SCA

Symptom

Cause

Actuator

heals

results_in

Identify Cause

Identify Actuator



SCA Model

SCA

Profile

System

Description

DetermineCauses

PlanActuation

DetectSymptoms

InvokeActuators

Learn

Target SystemTarget System Target System

S

SS C

C C

PP

P


Risks of CC

Due to Differences

Shift from Software Functionality to Business Process modeling

Services rather than Objects/Functions

Not on my desktop, but on virtualized environment

Predicting the Requirements

More than one client organization

Identifying/Projecting unknown requirements

Ensuring high QoS

Challenging-in-the-large


38

Part 4

맺 는 말Concluding Remarks


Summary Demand on Green Computing/IT

Mobile Internet Device (MID) – based ComputingAndroid phones are designed to provide software

functionality, beyond Voice Communication.

Cloud ComputingAn effective solution to many of the Green

approaches

Strategies to apply CC for Green IT

Risks in CC


Mobile Service Software Engineering Center

Soongsil [email protected]://mssec.ssu.ac.kr

감사 합니다

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