EE 2-kinley

8/9/2019 EE 2-kinley

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REUSE OFWASTEWATER

Presented by;Bithika Roy

Kinley choden


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Content

• Introduction

• Objective of wastewater treatment

• Process of wastewater treatment

• Challenges of wastewater management• Advantages and disadvantages of reuse of

waste water

• Reuse of wastewater

• Reuse of wastewater in India

• Conclusion

• Reference


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Introdction Wastewater reuse is a common practice in

developing countries of Asia and Africa.

Also the water scarce regions of thedeveloped world like Australia.

In India wastewater is used either raw orpartiall! treated due to high treatmentcosts.

Wastewater reuse both for agriculture anda"uaculture is a centuries old practice.


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Irrigation with wastewater is both disposaland utili#ation and indeed is an e$ectiveform of wastewater disposal.

Increased water reuse is inevitable in theworld toda! as the e%isting water supplies

are simpl! incapable of meeting the futuredemands.


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Ob!ecti"es o# $aste

$ater treat%entReduction of biodegradableorganic substances in theenvironment

Reduction of nutrientconcentration in the

environment&limination of pathogens

Rec!cling and reuse of water


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Process o# $aste $ater treat%ent

Ph!sical unit operations& 'creening

( )low e"uali#ation

( 'edimentation

( )lotation

( *ranular+medium ,ltration

Chemical unit operations

& Chemical precipitation( Adsorption


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& -isinfection( -echlorination

( Other chemical applications

iological unit operations& Activated sludge process( Aerated lagoon

( /rickling ,lters

( Rotating biological contactors

( Pond stabili#ation

( Anaerobic digestion


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Challen'es o# $aste $ater%ana'e%ent

Infrastructure0ost often wastewater infrastructure are not

the priorit! of most politicians and thereforever! little investment are made.

Pollution of water sources/he pollution of waste water treatment plant

is ver! common. 0an! carbonaceous matternutrients saltsmedications1drugs2chemicals are dischargedinto the wastewater treatment plant.


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Choice of appropriate technolog!'ometimes the management of the

operations and maintenance of parts oftreatment plant become "uite challengingas the technical e%pertise powerre"uirements etc are not sustainable.

'ludge production/reatment of wastewater results in the

production of sewage sludge.-ue to thepresence of heav! metals in wastewater it

is sometimes feared that agricultural usema! lead to accumulation of heav! metalsin soils.


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Ad"anta'es and (isad"anta'eso# rese o# $aste $ater

Advantages

conser"es $ater )by recyclin' and 'rond$ater

rechar'e* is a lo$+cost %ethod #or sanitary dis,osal o#

%nici,al $aste$ater

redces ,olltion o# ri"ers and other sr#ace $ater

conser"es ntrients- thereby redcin' the need #orarti.cial #ertili/er

increases cro, yields

,ro"ides a reliable $ater s,,ly to #ar%ers0


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-isadvantages

1ealth risks #or the irri'ators and co%%nities in

,rolon'ed contact $ith ntreated $aste$ater and 1ealth risks #or the cons%ers o# "e'etables

irri'ated $ith $aste$ater

Conta%ination o# 'rond$ater- es,ecially $ith

nitrates bild, o# che%ical ,olltants in the soil-

es,ecially hea"y %etals

creation o# habitats #or disease "ectors sch as

%os2itoes in ,eri+rban areas0


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Rese %ethods o# $aste $ater

Agricultural Irrigation 3 includes irrigationfor edible and non+edible crops pasture

irrigation and livestock watering.

Cooling Water3 0an! industries includingpower generating plants use large"uantities of water for cooling purposes.

4andscape Irrigation and Recreation 3

includes irrigation and ornamental plantingin golf courses parks5 also use of thereclaimed wastewater to ,ll arti,cial lakesfor recreational purposes.


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Industrial Process Water3 0an! industriesuse signi,cant amount of water in theirmanufacturing process and thus can utili#erec!cled wastewater.

6on+Potable Water Reuse3 Includes usesof the reclaimed water for toilet 7ushing,re protection and air conditioning.

*roundwater Recharge3either b!in,ltration through the ground surface ordirect injection into a"uifers.


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Case stdy3 $aste$ater se in India 8rban areas in India generated about 9 billionliters a da! 1bld2 of wastewater in :;? bld in :;;= 1WinrockInternational India @??=2.

According to the Central Pollution Control oard1CPC2 : bld of wastewater is generated fromClass+: cities 1populationB:?????2

:. bld from Class+@ cities 1population 9????+:?????2.

Of the mglmaking the water un,t for drinking 1CPC :;;D2.


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8ntreated wastewater from domestic

hospital and industrial areas pollute riversand other natural water bodies.

Onl!


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Waste$ater rese0

:. 8ntreated and partiall! treated wastewaterreleased from the major cities of India like

6ew -elhi 0umbai angalore GolkataH!derabad Ahmedabadetc. is mainl! usedfor irrigation of the following crops3 Cereals egetables )lowers Avenue trees and parks

)odder crops3


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@. A"uaculture 3 /he &ast Golkata sewage

,sheries are the largest single wastewateruse s!stem in a"uaculture in the world1Pescod :;;@2.

>. Agroforestr! 3 Consists of spatiall! mi%edtreeJcrop combinations 1radford et al. @??>2.

/he two most important tree species aresapta and guava.

Chennai is a pioneer in such wastewaterreuse in India 1K8A 0umbai. @??92.


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I%,lications o# Waste$aterRese

/here are both positive andnegative implications of

wastewater reuse. /he positive implications include3

emplo!ment generation foodsecurit! for urban and peri+urban

poor farmers reliable suppl! of irrigation water

and the rec!cling of nutrients inwastewater.


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+In the peri+urban areas along 0usi

H!derabad it was found that wastewater+irrigated padd! contributes almost L ofhousehold food consumption 1uechler and0ekala @??92.

+/he high nutrient content of the wastewaterhelps farmers save on the fertili#er costs andits reliable suppl! helps increase the croppingintensit!.


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On the other hand because of the partial orno treatment of wastewateritMs long+termuse of wastewater for irrigation increasessoil salinit! accumulation of heav! metals

in the soil and ,nall! breakdown of the soilstructure.

/he padd! 1rice2 production has reduced b!


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wastewater containing a high level ofnutrients ma! cause eutrophication andcause imbalances in the ecolog! of thewater bodies.

In addition a number of social concerns likeimpaired "ualit! of life loss of propert!

value food safet! health and welfare andsustainabilit! of land use are associatedwith wastewater use 1Hussain et al. @??:2.


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Conclsion Wastewater use in agriculture has been a

common phenomenon in a number of waterscarce developing countries for more than acentur! now.

It has been and is still supporting thelivelihoods of a number of urban and peri+urban farmers.

/he environmental and health relatedproblems of the use of untreatedwastewater has become prominent.


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with the growing population the volumes ofurban wastewater have dramaticall!increased.

With issues of climate change increase inurban population and increased demand for

water wastewater reuse is becoming animportant strateg! to complement thee%isting water resources for bothdeveloping and developed countries.

It was estimated that =>??? ha wereirrigated with wastewater in India0


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Re#erence Waste$ater Rese and Recyclin' Syste%s3APers,ecti"e into India and Astralia by 4ayathri (e"i5ekala- Brian (a"idson- 5adar Sa%ad and Anne+5aree Boland

REUSE OF TREATE( WASTEWATER A6( S7U(4E FOR

A4RICU7TURE I6 I6(IA 8 CASE STU(9 S0 60Patankar:0

Waste$ater 5ana'e%ent by Peace A%oatey )5rs*and Pro#essor Richard Bani - (e,art%ent o#

A'ricltral En'ineerin' - Faclty o# En'ineerin'Sciences - Uni"ersity o# 4hana - 4hana0

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