3Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy (Solucionario)

TEACHER´S KEY

A.0.1: African Plate; 2: Antarctic plate; 3: North American Plate; 4: Eurasian Plate; 5: Pacific Plate; 6: South American plate; 7: Undo-Australian plate.Nòtese que no hay ningua foto para la placa de Nazca.

A.1. Actividad para que se dialogue mientras se monta el puzzle. Estos puzzles podrían quedarse colgados en las paredes del aula.

A.2.

4 Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy (Solucionario)

A.3.

Section of the crust that moves independently Tectonic plate

The Southern super continent formed after Pangaea broke up

Gondwanaland

Meaning “all-Earth” Pangaea

Famous scientist that proposed the theory of continental drift.

Alfred Wegener

Layer of the Earth on which the crust floats Mantle

Thin outer surface of the Earth Crust

Hot molten rock of the mantle Magma

Theory that states continents were joined at one time

Continental drift

Innermost layer of the Earth Core

A.4. Definition # 1: When two plates collide, some crust is destroyed as a result of the impact and the plates became smaller. (Convergent movement)Definition # 2: When two plates move sideways against each other, there is a tremendous amount of friction which makes the movement jerky (Lateral Slipping)Definition # 3: It is the movement of two oceanic plates away from each other.(Divergent movement. Seafloor spreading)

A.5. El texto completo que el auxiliar debe leer es el siguiente (En rojo las palabras perdidas en el texto)

Although scientists do not understand all of the details, they know that motions of molten metals in the Earth’s core generate our planet’s magnetic field. Movement of molten iron and nickel generate electrical and magnetic fields that produce Earth’s magnetism. The flows of these molten metals in Earth’s outer core are not perfectly steady over time, so the Earth’s magnetic field changes over time as well. The North and South Magnetic Poles wander over time; the North Magnetic Pole moved some 1,100 km during the 20th century. The strength of Earth’s magnetic field varies as well; it has been decreasing slightly ever since around 1850. Over the course of Earth’s history the magnetic field has actually reversed itself many times, with North becoming south and vice versa!

Basaltic lavas contain iron-bearing minerals such as magnetite, which act like compasses. That is, as these iron-rich minerals cool below their Curie point, they

5Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy (Solucionario)

became magnetized in the direction of the surrounding magnetic field. Studies of ancient magnetism (paleomagnetism) recorded in rocks of different ages provide a record of when the Earth’s magnetic field reversed its polarity.

When research scientists used magnetometers to study the ocean floor, they discovered a surprising pattern. Measurements of magnetic variations showed that, in many areas, alternating bands of rocks recording normal and reversed polarity were arranged symmetrically about mid-ocean ridges.

A.5.b.Practical Activity.A continuación se reproduce modelo parecido a lo que debe quedar cuando terminen de dibujar las líneas en las hojas de papel:

En este dibujo en negro las franjas de Polaridad Normal (N) y en blanco las de polaridad inversa (S).

A.6.

6 Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy (Solucionario)

A.7.Las instrucciones completas que deben ser leídas son las siguientes (en rojo los detalles que el alumnado no tiene en su hoja), se eliminan los detalles de las instrucciones para que sean los estudiantes los que oyendo las instrucciones las anoten y puedan hacer el experimento.

1. First make the ‘cone’ of the baking soda volcano. Mix 6 cups flour, 2 cups salt, 4 tablespoons cooking oil, and 2 cups of water. The resulting mixture should be smooth and firm (more water may be added if needed).

2. Stand the soda bottle in the baking pan and mould the dough around it into a volcano shape. Don’t cover the hole or drop dough into it.

3. Fill the bottle most of the way full with warm water and a bit of food colour4. Add 6 drops of detergent to the bottle contents.5. Add 2 tablespoons baking soda to the liquid.6. Slowly pour vinegar into the bottle.7.

A.8.Una propuesta para este C-map es la siguiente:

7Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy (Solucionario)

A.9.Una propuesta para este C-map es la siguiente:

A.10.

A.11.

Across Down

1 Seafloor spreading 2 Lateral slipping3 Tectonic Plates 5 Lava4 Earthquakes 9 Epicenter5 Lapilli6 Volcano7 Hypocenter8 Convergent

10 Divergent11 Mercaly12 Richter