Drugs A Boon Or A Curse

Introduction – Drug-A Boon Or A CurseUtilization of DrugsDrugs as MedicinesDrug AddictionAffects of Drug on Brain & Human BodyBad Effects of DrugsGetting Help for Drug Abuse & Drug AddictionSuggestionConclusion

CONTENTS

DRUG – A BOON

Drugs are a boon to the mankind as it can cure many diseases in the form of medicines:-Pharmacoepidemiology is the study of the use and effects/side-effects of drugs in large numbers of people with the purpose of supporting the rational and cost-effective use of drugs in the population thereby improving health outcomes.Pharmacoepidemiology may be drug-oriented, emphasizing the safety and effectiveness of individual drugs or groups of drugs, or utilization-oriented aiming to improve the quality of drug therapy through educational intervention.Drug utilization figures should ideally be presented as numbers of DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day.

DRUG – A CURSE

People experiment with drugs for many different reasons. Many first try drugs out of curiosity, to have a good time, because friends are doing it, or in an effort to improve athletic performance or ease another problem, such as stress, anxiety, or depression. Use doesn’t automatically lead to abuse, and there is no specific level at which drug use moves from casual to problematic. It depends on individuals.Drug abuse and addiction is less about the amount of substance consumed or the frequency, and more to do with the consequences of drug use. No matter how often or how little you’re consuming, if your drug use is causing problems in your life—at work, school, home, or in your relationships—you likely have a drug abuse or addiction problem.

UTILIZATION OF DRUGS It can be used to estimate the numbers of patients exposed to specified drugs within a given time period. Such estimates may either refer to all drug users, regardless of when they started to use the drug (prevalence), or focus on patients who started to use the drug within the selected period (incidence). Researchers can estimate (e.g. on the basis of epidemiological data on a disease) to what extent drugs are properly used, overused or underused. It can determine the pattern or profile of drug use and the extent to which alternative drugs are being used to treat particular conditions. It can be used to compare the observed patterns of drug use for the treatment of a certain disease with current recommendations or guidelines.Sex hormones in certain dosage forms or strengths are used only in the treatment of cancer and are thus classified under L02 - Endocrine therapy. The other dosage forms and strengths are classified under G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system. Bromocriptine is available in different strengths. The low-dose tablets are used as prolactin inhibitors and are classified in G02 - Other gynaecologicals. Bromocriptine tablets in higher strengths are used to treat Parkinson disease and are classified in N04 - Anti-Parkinson drugs.

Drugs Structure Code

Drugs in Disease orProblem

Group &Level of Drugs

A Alimentary tract & metabolisn

First level, main anatomical group

A10 Diabetes Second level, main therapeutic group

A10B Oral Blood – Glucose Lowering Drugs

Third level, therapeutic/pharmacological subgroup

A10B B Sulphonamides

Third level, therapeutic/pharmacological subgroup

A10B B01 Glibenclamide Fifth level, subgroup for chemical substance

Structures

Compound

Medicines

A07E A01 Intestinal anti-inflammatory agents

Enemas and rectal foams

C05A A04 Antihaemorrhoidals

Topical use rectal suppositories

D07A A03 Dermatological preparations

Creams, ointments, lotions

H02A B06 Corticosteroids for systemic use

Tablets, injections

R01A D02 Nasal decongestants

Nasal spray, drops

S01BA04 Ophthalmologicals

Eye Drops

S02BA03 Otologicals Ear Drops

Classification of Glibenclamide

Different Formulation For ATC Codes & their uses

Drugs as Medicines

DRUG ADDICTION

SmokingBefore & AfterUse of Drugs Drugs &

Crime

InhalationOf Drugs

Injecting DrugsThrough Syringe

Use ofCocaine

AFFECTS OF DRUGS ON BRAIN

Issues around the use of drugs in pregnancy

Heavy drug use can damage the health of a pregnant woman, cause complications during pregnancy and possibly damage the fetus. Drugs can affect an unborn baby through the mother's bloodstream. It is relatively rare that this actually causes malformations. Heavy use of certain drugs during pregnancy, particularly alcohol, tobacco, heroin and other opiates and it can lead to premature birth, low birth weight and increased risk of losing the baby around the time of birth.

Babies born to mothers who are dependent on the drugs mentioned above (other than tobacco) may experience withdrawal symptoms but this can usually easily be treated medically.

Moderate drug use during pregnancy does not often result in these problems. Whilst it is usually safe for a pregnant woman to stop using drugs during pregnancy this is not always the case for heroin, other opiate drugs. Suddenly stopping use of these drugs during pregnancy can be dangerous to the fetus and medical opinion is sometimes that it is safer for the mother to continue using till the baby is born.

BAD EFFECTS OF DRUGS

You’re neglecting your responsibilities at school, work, or home (e.g. flunking classes, skipping work, neglecting your children) because of your drug use.

You’re using drugs under dangerous conditions or taking risks while high, such as driving while on drugs, using dirty needles, or having unprotected sex.

Your drug use is getting you into legal trouble, such as arrests for disorderly conduct, driving under the influence, or stealing to support a drug habit. 

Your drug use is causing problems in your relationships, such as fights with your partner or family members, an unhappy boss, or the loss of old friends.

You’ve built up a drug tolerance. You need to use more of the drug to experience the same effects you used to attain with smaller amounts.

You’ve abandoned activities you used to enjoy, such as hobbies, sports, and socializing, because of your drug use.

BAD EFFECTS OF DRUGS

You take drugs to avoid or relieve withdrawal symptoms. If you go too long without drugs, you experience symptoms such as nausea, restlessness, insomnia, depression, sweating, shaking, and anxiety.

You’ve lost control over your drug use. You often do drugs or use more than you planned, even though you told yourself you wouldn’t. You may want to stop using, but you feel powerless.

Your life revolves around drug use. You spend a lot of time using and thinking about drugs, figuring out how to get them, and recovering from the drug’s effects.

You continue to use drugs, despite knowing it’s hurting you. It’s causing major problems in your life—blackouts, infections, mood swings, depression, paranoia—but you use anyway.

Damages such as anxiety, melancholy, psychotic outbreaks, as well as induce suicide tendencies.

It harms the fetus, if taken during pregnancy.

GETTING HELP FOR DRUG ABUSE AND DRUG ADDICTION

Visit a Narcotics Anonymous meeting in your area. See below.

Call 1-800-662-HELP in the U.S. to reach a free referral helpline from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 

Recognizing that you have a problem is the first step on the road to recovery, one that takes tremendous courage and strength. Facing your addiction without minimizing the problem or making excuses can feel frightening and overwhelming, but recovery is within reach.

If you’re ready to make a change and willing to seek help, you can overcome your addiction and build a satisfying, drug-free life for yourself.

SUGGESTIONo Drug utilization research undertaken in the following ways may enable us to assess whether interventions intended to improve drug use have had the desired impact.o The effects of measures taken to avoid undesirable patterns of drug use, should be monitored and evaluated. These potential alternative drugs should be included in the survey to assess the full impact of the measure.o The impact of regulatory changes or changes in insurance or reimbursement systems should be assessed using a broad survey. This is necessary because the total cost to society may remain the same or may even increase if more expensive drugs are used as alternatives.o The extent to which the promotional activities of the pharmaceutical industry and the educational activities of the society affect the patterns of drug use should be assessed.oDecrease the use of illegal prescription drugs like cocaine among teenagers.

CONCLUSION So, drugs has both of its good effects which are ‘boons’ to the

mankind as well as bad effects which are ‘curse’ to the mankind.

Drugs are very useful to us in the form of medicine of different diseases. The drugs should be taken as health medicines in Defined Daily Dose (DDD) as per prescribed by the doctor or a specialist.

Problems arise, however, when the utilization of whole drug groups is considered.

“Drugification” has become a natural social phenomenon among the youth world-wide. There is the urgent need to combat once and for all this social curse hat leads to self-destruction and death.

Drugs are one of the deadliest plagues that intoxicate society. Different drug-narcotic use indexes are showing an exponential increase. And as a result, these increases have national governments worried, for it is a grave social health problem.

ANY QUERIESTHANK YOU

Prepared By:-

Smriti Kiran& Shreemanti De