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...."This edition of mine, the translation of Vedas will hearafterfell to a great extent on the fate of India and the growth of millions ofsouls in that country. It is the root of their Religion and to showthem what the root is, I feel sure, is the only way of up rooting all,that has sprung from it during the Last 3000 years" (Introduction toEcclesia Divina-1936)

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ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo M[aÌ, Ë`m§Vrb KQ>Zm, àg§J Ë`m§Zr {dXoemV Ho$bobo

gm_mÝ` _mUgm§À`m g_mOmH$S>o eoH$S>mo df} CnojoZo nmhÊ`mMo, Xþb©j H$aÊ`mMo,Kmoa amï>r´̀ nmn Am_À`mH$Sy>Z H$go KS>bo Amho ho ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Ho$boë`mg_mOXþX©eoÀ`m _r_m§goMo àË``H$mar Xe©Z boIH$mZo KS>{dbo Amho. ñdm_r


Vo 10 dfm§ªMm Amho. Ë`m§V {Xdg|{Xdg Ë`m§Mr T>mgiV OmUmar àH¥$Vr `m gd©KQ>H$m§Mm {ZanojnUo {dMma H$obm Va gw_mao n§ÀÀ`mhÎma dfm©V gd© eº$s¨Mm{d{Z`moJ H$ê$Z, gm_, Xm_, X§S>, ôX `m gd© nÕVtMm dmna H$ê$Z B§J«Om§Zr{Z_m©U Ho$bobr _mZ{gH$ Jwbm_{Jar ñdm_rOtZr `wamon_Yrb Mma dfmªMmH$mbI§S> gmoS>bm Va \$º$ 5 dfm©V Zï> Ho$br. Ë`mMm n[aUm_ ñdê$n Ë`m§ZrMHo$boë`m ̂ {dî`dmUrà_mUo ""Vwåhr nwT>rb nÞmg df} \$º$ ̂ maV_mVoMrM CnmgZmH$am.'' (gZ 1897) - Ë`m§À`m nmgyZM àoaUm KoD$Z J{V_mZ Pmboë`m ñdmV§ÍÀm§XmobZmbm è òD$Z gZ 1947 bm ^maV ñdV§Ì Pmbm. hr n[adV©Z KS>dyZAmUUmar {H«$`m{ebVm _mZdr ñVamdarb Amho H$s "X¡dr ñVamdarb Amho?ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X, `moJr AaqdX, ^JdmZ lram_H¥$îU na_h§g `m§À`mgma»`m_hmnwê$fm§À`m OrdZmMo qMVZ H$aVm§Zm hm A{Ve` _hËdmMm ^mJ Amho. hoAmË_o "B©ída {Z`mo{OV H$m`© H$aÊ`mgmR>r ^yVbmda Ambobo AgVmV.' "EH${_eZ' KoD$Z Ambobo AgVmV. AdVarV Pmbobo AgVmV. åhUyZM Ë`m§Zm"AdVmar _hmnwê$f' hr g§km àmá Pmbobr AmnU nmhVmo. `m Ñ{ï>Zo Ë`m§MoOrdZ d Ë`m§Vrb KQ>Zm, àg§J nm{hbo Va Ë`mMo AmH$bZ hmoD$ eH$Vo. VoqMVZmË_H$ AmH$bZ {Z_m©U hmoUo, dmT>Uo ho `m {Z{_ÎmmZo Amdí`H$ Amho.Ë`m§VyZM "_r OmVmo Amho! Vwåhmbmhr `mdo bmJob' - ho ^JdmZ lram_H¥$îUmModmŠ`, "gáfun¡H$s EH$m F$ftZr gå_Vr {Xë`m~amo~a EH$m Á`mo{VMo {dbmo__mJm©Zo ^yVbmda hmoUmao AdVaU!' gZ 1881 _Üò n{hë`m ôQ>rVM "VmoÁ`mo{Vñdê$n Ambobm AmË_m åhUOo ZaoÝÐ! hm ^JdmZ lram_H¥$îUm§Zm PmbobmgmjmËH$ma.'' `mMo ahñ`, AW© Am{U Ë`m _hmnwê$fmÀ`m OrdZmMo X¡drgm_Ï`m©Mm n[aM` Amnë`mbm hmoVmo. Vo "Abm¡{H$H$' Agë`mZo d B©ídamMoH$m ©̀ nyU© H$ê$Z na_oídamH$S>oM Vo OmUmao Agë`mZo Ë`m§À`m H$m`m©Mo {dMmam§Mo,~mobÊ`mMo __© d ahñ` g_OyZ KoÊ`mgmR>r Ë`mMàH$maMo _mnX§S> Cn`moJmVAmUmdo bmJVmV. Amnë`m d¡̀ {º$H$ BÀN>m, Ûof, amJ, bmô , d¡Mm[aH$, _mZ{gH$,^md{ZH$, J¥{hVHo$ Amnë`mbm AmdS>Umao VÎdkmZ, dmX (BP_g²) `m gd©

doXmÝV àgmamMo H$m ©̀ Am{U ^maVmV naV Amë`mda (gZ 1897) g_m{YñWhmoB©n ª̀V (gZ 1902) amï>́moËWmZmMr Ë`m§Zr {Xbobr {Xem-ho _hÎdmMo Q>ßnoË`m§À`m OrdZmVbo AmhoV. àË`jnUo Ë`m§Zm {_imbobm H$mbI§S> CUm-nwam 9


nmhUo Ë`m§À`m ì`{º$_ËdmMo Am{U amï´>moËWmZmÀ`m Ë`m§À`m H$m`m©Mo _hÎdg_OÊ`mÀ`m g§X^m©V Amdí`H$ Amho. Vo åhUVmV-

.....I have no work under or beyond the sun. I have a message,and I will give it after my own fastion. I will neither Hinduize mymessage, nor christianize it, nor make it any 'ism, ize' in the world.I will only my-ize it and that is all. Liberty (Mukti) is all my religion,and everything that tries to curb it, I will avoid by fight or flight.'....Youhave not yet drunk of that fountain which makes 'Reason unreason,mortal immortal, this world a zero and of man a god'......

(Life of Swami Vivekananda' - By his Eastern and westerndiciples-vol-2, P.no. 16)

darb {dñV¥V n[aÀN>oXmV ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr ñdV:Mr ^y{_H$m d H$m`m©Mobú` ñnï> Ho$bo Amho. ^JdmZ lram_H¥$îUm§Zr _mVm _hmH$mbrÀ`m Amerdm©XmZo,AmXoemZo Ë`m§À`mH$Sy>Z Vo ZrQ> d `eñdrnUo H$ê$Zhr KoVbo.

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm òmoV Amho. {Ma§VZ Agë`mZo VmoH$Yrhr g§nUmam Zmhr. Ë`m§À`m `m H$m`m©Mo d¡{eï>` gm§JVmZm `moJr AaqdXåhUVmV-""^JdmZ lram_H¥$îU na_h§g åhUmbo hmoVo-"ZaoZ gmao OJ Amnë`mXmoZ hmVmV KoB©Z Am{U hdo Vgo Vo ~XbyZ Q>mHo$b. {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m {dXoe J_ZmZoAm{U H$m`m©Zo ho {gÕ Pmbo H$s, ^maV OmJm Amho. ^maV Ho$di Amnbo ApñVËd{Q>H$dyZ YaUma Zmhr Va OJ qOH$Uma Amho. Y_©àmU Agm hm amï>́r` AmË_mEH$Xm OmJm Pmbm H$s Ë`mMo n[aUm_ {d{dY amï>́r` {H«$`m H$bmnmV {XgyZ

òVrb Am{U gmao amï>́r` OrdZ \w$bob. ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X ho amï>́r` C^marÀ`mHo$ÝÐñWmZr hmoVo. Vo EH$ nwê$fqgh hmoVo. Ë`m§Mm à^md AOyZhr {d{dY joÌmVOmUdV amhUma Amho d gyú_ OJVmV OmUdV amhUma Amho.''

("OJn«{gÕ {dMmad§Vm§À`m Ñï>rVyZ ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X'-n¥.H«$. 187)`m à_mUo ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr B{VhmgmÀ`m EH$m AË §̀V KmVH$ diUmda

gmdabo. ñdV:À`m A§Jr Agboë`m X¡drJwUg§nXoZo AmH«$_H$ B§J«Om§À`m "Agyarg§nXoda' _mV Ho$br. ^maV amï>́mMr gwá eº$s OmJ¥V Ho$br. nU ñdmV§Í`moÎma

Jmoï>tÀ`m n{bH$S>o OmD$Z Amdí`H$ AgUmè`m "gË`mMrM' (Truth )CX²KmofUm, {Zanoj, {ZIi gË`mMr-Vo H$arV AgVmV. `m g§~§YmVrb ñdV:ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§ZrM Amnbr ^y{_H$m ñnï> Ho$br Amho. Vr Ë`m§À`mM eãXmV

10 ñdm_r {dd oH$mZ§X: {Ma §VZ M¡VÝ`mMm òm ooV

qMVZ, _ZZ, {Z{XÜ`mgZ Pmbo nm{hOo. Ë`m {dMmam§Mm àgma àMma Pmbmnm{hOo. Ë`mgmR>r "ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm òmoV'- `m gma»`mnwñVH$m§Mo boIZ, àH$meZ Pmbo nm{hOo. n[apñWVrbm C{MV Ago boIZHo$ë`m~Ôb S>m°. AemoH$amd _moS>H$, `m§Mo Am{U gmY©eVr _hmoËgd àg§Jr Ë`mMoàH$meZ Ho$ë`m~Ôb ^maVr` {dMma gmYZoÀ`m g§nmXH$ _§S>i gXñ`m§Mo Am^ma_mZyZ ho àmñVm{dH$ nyU© H$aVmo.

-àmMm`© à. lr. S>moabo, nwUo.

************

H$mimV nwÝhm AZoH$ Agwar eº$s OmJ¥V hmoD$Z ^maVmg_moa AZoH$ AmìhmZo{Z_m©U H$arV AmhoV. Ë`m§Zm `eñdr Vm|S> XoD$Z Zm_moha_ H$am`Mo Agob Va"ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X gmY© eVr _hmoËgdmÀ`m' {Z{_ÎmmZo Ë`m§Mo e{º$J^© {dMmam§Mo


coIH$mMo _ZmoJVñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m {dMma{dídmMm doY KoUmao àñVwV nwñVH$ dmMH$m§À`m

hmVr XoVmZm _mÂ`m _ZmV g_mYmZmMr ^mdZm Amho. {ddoH$mZ§X-gmY©© OÝ_eVrdfm©V àH$m{eV hmoV Agcoco _mPo ho {Vgao nwñVH$hr dmMH$m§À`m ng§Vrg CVaochr Amem Amho. "{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr qhXþamï>́-g§H$ënZm,' "{ddoH$mZ§X {dMma Am{UgÚpñWVr' hr XmoZ nwñVHo$ àH$m{eV Pmë`mda "ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X: {Ma§VZM¡VÝ`mMm ómoV' `m erf©H$mMo _mPo nwñVH$ à{gÜX hmoV Amho `mMo Va g_mYmZAmhoM, nU _wimV doJdoJù`m {Z`VH$m{cH$m§VyZ à{gÕ Pmcoë`m coIm§Mo hog§H$cZ H$mhr {OdcJ {_Ìm§À`m {Zì`m©O ghH$m`m©VyZ gmH$ma hmoV Amho `mMohrg_mYmZ Amho. Voìhm _ZmoJVmÀ`m àma§̂ r `m gd© {_Ìd`mªMo _r _ZmnmgyZ Am^ma_mZV Amho. coIg§H$cZmMo ZoQ>Ho$ g§nmXZ S>m°. am_^mD$ aB©M `m§Zr S>moù`mVVoc KmcyZ Ho$co. H$moUË`mhr _wXçmMr nwZamd¥Îmr hmoD$ Zò, gd© àH$aUm§MmEH$_oH$m§er O¡d g§~§Y Agmdm Am{U Ë`mVyZ {dMmam§Mr gcJ drU {dUcr Omdr`m hoVwnyVugmR>r am_^mD§$Zr Anma H$ï> Cngco. àm. ZmamÙamd JwUo Am{UàmMm ©̀ à^mH$a ZmZH$a `m§Zrhr nwñVH$mMr A§{V_ _wÐUàV V`ma hmoÊ`mnydu_mPo gd© coIZ gmjonmZo dmMco. _m. [H$emoaOr eerVc `m§Zrhr ñdV§Ì doiIMy©Z AgoM dmMZ Ho$co. `m gdmªZr doimodoir _m¡{cH$ gyMZm Ho$ë`m, `mgyMZm§Mm _cm Iyn Cn`moJ Pmcm. Voìhm `m gdmªZm hm{X©H$ YÝ`dmX!

Y_©̂ mñH$a _m{gH$, {ddoH$ gmám{hH$, gm§ñH¥${VH$ dmVm©nÌ Zm_H$ nm{jH$VgoM {MniyUcm Pmcoë`m _amR>r gm{hË` g§_ocZmÀ`m {Z{_ÎmmZo àH$m{eVPmcocr ñ_a{UH$m Am{U {d_e© Zm_H$ {Z`VH$m{cH$ `mVyZ Oo coI à{gÕPmco, Ë`m §M o g§H$cZ åhUOo àñVwV n wñVH$ Amho. åhUyZ `m gd©{Z`VH$m{cH$m§À`m gÝ_mZZr` g§nmXH$m§Zmhr _r YÝ`dmX XoV Amho. ñdm_r{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr ^maVmÀ`m d OJmÀ`mhr ^{dî`mMm AMyH$ doY KoVcm. Ë`mVyZË`m§Mo Ðï>onU {gÕ Pmco. Ë`m§Zr {Xcoë`m àoaUo_wio ̂ maVmÀ`m ñdmV§Í` cT>çmcm~i {_imco EdT>oM Zìho Va ñdmV§Í`àmárZ§VaÀ`m gmS>oghm XeH$m§_Yo Amnë`m^maVdfm©cm H$mhr XoIÊ`m è-{gÕr H$ZdQ>rcm ~m §YVm Amë`m. `m_hmnwéfmMo _mJ©Xe©Z AmnU ì`dhmamV CVa{dco VaM {dÚ_mZ g_ñ`m§Mo


{ZamH$aU H$aÊ`mV `e {_iy eHo$c! {ddoH$mZ§X-{dMma gd©gm_mÝ` ^maVr`~hþOZmZo àg§Jr añË`mda CVê$Z H¥$VrV CVa{dcm. Xþgè`m ~mOyZo H$mhrA{^OZm§Zr _mÌ {ddoH$mZ§X-{dMmamMo ~wÕçm AnhaU Ho$co. Voìhm ̀ m AnhaUmMmn§MZm_m H$aUohr _cm Amdí`H$ dmQ>co. àñVwV nwñVH$mV Á`m H«$_mZo doJdoJiràH$aUo dmMZmV òVrc Ë`m§Mr AmoiI `m Amoit_YyZ _r H$ê$Z {Xcr Amho. `mgd© àH$aUmVyZ {ddoH$mZ§X-{dMma H$gm emídV d {Ma§VZ Amho hoMdmMH$d¥§Xmcm H$iyZ MwHo$c hr _mPr ImÌr Amho. åhUyZM "ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X:{Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm ómoV' `m erf©H$mMo n{hco àH$aU ñdm_rOtÀ`m M¡VÝ`{Z{_©VrÀ`m gm_Ï`m©da ñdÀN> àH$me Q>mH$Umao Amho d åhUyZM nwñVH$mÀ`mZm_H$aUmgmR>rhr hoM erf©H$ ZŠH$s H$amdo Ago Añ_m{XH$mZo R>a{dco dCnamoëco[IV {_Ì_§S>imZo `m R>amdmcm nmqR>~m {Xcm.

^maVr` {dMma gmYZm àñVwV nwñVH$mMo àH$meZ H$arV Amho. `m àH$meZg§ñWoÀ`m à{Vð>oV ̀ m nwñVH$mZo ̂ a nS>mdr hr Anojm Amho AWm©V gyk d OmUH$madmMH$M `m g§X^m©V {ZU©̀ XoVrc.

A{YH$ H$m` {chmdo? nwñVH$mV H$mhr Ý ỳZVm am{hcrM Va _r CÎmaXm`rAmho ho doJio gm§Jm`cm ZH$mo.

_m. àm. à_moX S>moaco `m§Zr A{Ve` Mm§Jcr àñVmdZm {Xë`m~Ôc Ë`m§Mo_Z:nyd©H$ YÝ`dmX.

AemoH$ _moS>H$

************


AZwH«$_{UH$màH$aU 1 ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm ñÌmoV

n«H$aU 2 ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo Ðï>onUàH$aU 3 ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo {díd{dO`r ^mfUàH$aU 4 ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X Am{U ^maVr` ñdmV§Í`àH$aU 5 ""_r g_mOdmXr Amho'' {ddoH$mZ§XàH$aU 6 ""Y_© hmM ^maVmMm àmU'' {ddoH$mZ§XàH$aU 7 ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr àoaUm Am{U

ñdmV§Í`moÎma H$mcI§S>àH$aU 8 ñdmV§Í`nwd© H$mcI§S>àH$aU 9 ñdmV§Í`moÎma H$mcI§S>àH$aU 10 Zì`m ndm©Mm àma§^-OZ Am§Xm ocZmMo

n[aUm_1) d¡Mm[aH$ Am§XmocZo2) ì`mdhm[aH$ Am§Xm ocZo3) Ý`m`mc`rZ {ZdmS> o

àH$aU 11 {ddoH$mZ§Xm §À`m {dMmam §Mo AnhaU


àH$aU 1ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X: {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm òmoV

^maVdfm©V EH$mo{Ugmì`m eVH$m_Yo am_H¥$îU na_h§gm§gmaIm Acm¡{H$H$OJX²Jwê$ Am{U {VVŠ`mM Vmocm_mocmMm ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§gmaIm gV²{eî``m Jwê$ {eî` >OmoS>rZo A^yVnyd© d¡Mm[aH$ H«$m§Vr `eñdr H$ê$Z XmI{dcr hrdñVwpñWVr Amho. `mM eVH$mV {~«{Q>e amOdQ> ^maVm_Yo pñWanX Pmcr hmoVrd Hw$Umhr OoË`mg_moa eaU OmUmè¶m {OV g_mOmMr _mZ{gH$Vm ^maVr`ZmJ[aH$m§À`m [eamda ñdma Pmbr hmoVr. ẁamonr` Xoem§Mo à[V_mZ ‘J EVÔoer`_§S>itZm AmH¥$ï> H$é cmJco. Amnco gmao H$mhr Ë`mÁ`, VwÀN> Va ẁamonr`{dMma-ì`dhma EH$X_ loð> d ñdrH$mamh© hr ^y{_H$m {deofV: {eH$ë`mgmdacoë`m A{^OZm§Zr AmË_gmV Ho$cr. àmMrZ H$mimnmgyZ MmcV Amcoë`mH¡$H$ OrdZ_yë`m§Mm c` Pmcm d àmMrZ Am{U Adm©MrZ A§YlÜXm _mÌ à^mdr~Zë`m. qhXÿ Y_m©V H$mc~mø ê$T>tMr Oi_Q>o dmT>cr hmoVrM, `m ì`{V[aº$Y_© åhUOo H$_©H$m§S>o, Y_© åhUOo gmodio Amodio, Y_© åhUOo Eo{hH$mMm BÝH$ma,Va nmacmo{H$H$mMm à^md dJ¡ao g_rH$aUohr g_mO_Zmda ñdma Pmcr hmoVr.

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr am_H¥$îU na_h§gm§À`m nm`mer ~gyZ Oo g§ñH$maJ«hU Ho$co Ë`mVyZ Ë`m§À`m Am ẁî`mcmM C{MV {Xem {_imcr. _yiMm {n§S> VaAmÜ`mpË_H$ hmoVmM. Ë`mcm H$mcmo{MV diU àmá Pmco. Ë`mVyZ ^maVmVd¡Mm[aH$ H«$m§Vr gmH$macr. _hfu AaqdXm§Zr A{Ve` _m{_©H$ eãXmV ̂ maVmVë`mVV²H$mcrZ n[apñWVrMo d `m n[apñWVrVyZ _mJ© H$mT>Umè`m Cnamoëco[IVJwé{eî` OmoS>rMo AMyH$ dU©Z-{dícofU Ho$co Amho. Vo åhUVmV:-""VËH$mcrZ^maV hm AZwH$aU{à`, AmË_{d^«_r d VH$cmXÿ Pmcm hm oVm. na§Vw `mMH$mimVrc ~§Jmc d n§Om~_Yrc Ym{_©H$ Am§XmocZo, _hmamï´>mVrc amOH$s`Ü ò̀ mH$m§jm Am{U ~§Jmc_Yrc gm{hpË`H$ Midir `m_wio XoemVcr àmUeº$s{Q>H y$Z am{hcr. Y_m©À`mM AZwf §JmZo ^maVmMm AmË_m n «W_ OmJmPmcm Am{U {dO`mH$S>o Ë`mMr dmQ>Mmc gwê$ Pmcr....na§Vw `m KQ>ZoMr Iar


gwédmV Voìhm Pmcr, Ooìhm H$cH$Ë`mVrc EH$m gw{e{jV VéUmMo OrdZnwînAem EH$m {Zaja, qhXþY_u AmË_k na_oídaVwë` ì`º$sÀ`m MaUm§da g_{n©VPmco Voìhm! `m g_m{YnyV ì`º$scm nmíMmÎ` {ejUmMm dm {dMmam§Mm ñne©hrPmcocm ZìhVm. nU hr amï>́mMr OrdKoUr cT>mB© Amåhr `m ì`º$sÀ`mM ~imdaqOHy$ eH$cmo. (1)

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr {d{dY J«§Wm§Mo dmMZ-qMVZ H$ê$Z VgoM H¡$H$Wmoam_moR>çm§er J{hao g§dmX H$ê$Z kmZ {_i{dco, ^maV^«_UmV VgoM {dcm`V-dmarV AZ_moc AZŵ d {_i{dco d `m nw§OrÀ`m AmYmamda ^maVr` ZmJ[aH$m§Moà~moYZ Ho$co. ẁamoA_o[aH$Zm§Mohr à~moYZ Ho$co. n[aUm_V: ^maVr` ^md{dídmVOo H$mhr gZmVZ-emídV-{Ma §VZ Amho Vo OJmg_m oa gmXa Pmco.{ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m {dMma{dídmVyZ Vwåhm Amåhmcm {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ` àmá Pmco.VoM AmVm Vn{ecmV OmD$Z Aä`m{gco nm{hOo.

ñWm`r g_mOn[adV©ZmgmR>r Ho$di H$m`Xo H$ê$Z Am{U g§ñWm§_Yo ~XcH$ê$Z _mJ©H«$_Um gwé Ho$cr Va Ano{jV \$c {_iUma Zmhr. AWm©V² H$m`Úm§Mod g§ñWmË_H$ ~Xcm§Mo _hÎd ZmH$mê$ Z ò, nU _w»` ^a "_Zwî`-n[adV©Zmda'hdm hr {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr {eH$dU Amho. åhUyZM Man-making educationhm eãXà`moJ ñdm_rOtZm EH$X_ {à` hmoVm.

gd©gm_mÝ` _mUgmcmM gd© H$mhr gmogmdo cmJVo `mMr {ddoH$mZ§Xm§ZmVrd« OmU hmoVr. npíM_r Xoem§À`m àdmgmV {deofV: B§½c§S>_Yë`m àdmgmVË`m§À`m cjmV Amco H$s g§gXr` cmoH$emhrV d¡í`d¥ÎmrÀ`m ì`mdgm{`H$m§À`mM{hVg§~§YmMr OnUyH$ hmoVo. (2)

A_o[aHo$Vhr Ë`m§Zm YZmT>ç Hw$~oam§MrM McVr Agë`mMo cjmV Amco.B§½c§S> A_o[aHo$Vë`m ^m§S>dcemhrÀ`m {damoYmV Cä`m R>mH$coë`m g_mOdmXmVgm_y{hH$ {hVmMm CXmo CXmo hmoVmo Am{U gd©gm_mÝ` ì`º$sÀ`m ñdmV§Í`mMm~ir {Xcm OmVmo. hm ñdm‘rOtMm A{^àm¶hr ~mocH$m Amho. (3)

^maVmV XoIrc doJdoJù`m ê$T>r d H$_©H$m§S>o `m§Mo ñVmo_ _mO{dco OmVod OZgm_mÝ` ^aS>cm OmVm o Ë`mcm {ZîàmU `§Ìmà_mUo H$m_mÀ`mam_aJmS>çmVM amhmdo cmJVo hr ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr _r_m§gm hmoVr. (4)

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr gZ 1897 _Yo Hw$å^H$moU_² òWo gËH$mamcm CÎma


XoVmZm XoIrc Amnë`m lr_§V nyd©Om§Zr BWë`m gd©gm_mÝ` _mUgmMr N>iUyH$Ho$cr. OZgm_mÝ`mcm {Z:gÎd Ho$co'' `m~Ôc {dfmX ì`º${dcm. (5)

{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo d¡{eï>ç ho H$s Ë`m§Zr `m gd©gm_mÝ` _mUgmcm H|$ÐñWmZrR>odyZ Xoe{dH$mg ìhmdm hm _wÔm gd©Ì _m§S>cm. qH$~hþZm gd©gmYmaU _mUgm{df`r{ZIi H$éUm ~miJUmam Y_©M Amnë`m ^md{dídmer, Amnë`m g§ñH¥$Vrergwg§JV Amho ho _mJ©Xe©Z {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Ho$co Amho.

Á`mcm Hw$Umcm Iar g_mOgodm H$am`Mr Amho Ë`mZo VrZ eVvMr nyVuH$amdr Agm _hÎdnyU© {dMma {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr EH$m ^mfUmV _m§S>cm Amho. EH$Vag_mOgodH$mZo ñdV:cmM {dMmamdo ""BWë`m gd©gmYmaU _mUgm{df`r _cmIar, _ZmnmgyZ Vi_i dmQ>Vo H$m?'' Xþgar eV© hm g_mOgodH$ Zrajra {ddoH$H$é eH$Vmo H$m? {Vgar eV©$H>wR>ë`mhr cm^mMr Anojm Z YaVm g_mOgodogmR>rgd©ñd nUmcm cmdÊ`mMr `m g‚mZmMr {gÕVm Amho H$m? (6)

`m {VÝhr eVu gd©gmYmaU _mUgmÀ`m H$ë`mUmer {ZJS>rV AmhoV hogwñnï> Amho. am_H¥$îU na_h§gm§À`m ghdmgmVyZ {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zm H$ico H$sna_oída _mUgm_mUgmVM ~Km`Mm AgVmo. "{edmo ^yËdm {ed§ ÒoV²' hm àmMrZH$mimnmgyZ àMmamV Agcocm _§Ì `mnwT>o ~XcyZ KoVcm nm{hOo. BV:na "{edmo^yËdm {Od§ ÒoV²' hm _§ÌM Ü ò̀ ê$n Pmcm nm{hOo. doJù`m eãXmV Ord_mÌm§Mràm_m{UH$ nyOm H$aUo hoM AmVm OrdZmo{Ôï> Pmco nm{hOo. EH$Xm am_H¥$îUna_h§g H$mer-_Wwam `m VrW©joÌm§À`m `mÌogmR>r OmÊ`mg {gÕ Pmco.Ë`m§À`m~amo~a _Wwa~m~y hm lr_§V {eî`hr hmoVm. `m gV²{eî`mZo Amnë`m Jwê$Mrd AÝ` `mÌoH$ê§$Mr Hw$R>crhr Am~mi hmoD$ Z ò åhUyZ nwaoem ImÚdñVy§Zr ẁº$Agcocm AmJJmS>rMm ñdV§Ì S>~mM Ama{jV Ho$cm hm oVm. JmS>r hmdS>mñQ>oeZdê$Z gwQ>cr d XodKa ñQ>oeZmg òD$Z Wm§~cr. am_H¥$îU na_h§gS>ã`mVyZ \$cmQ>mda CVaco d Ë`m§Zm X[aÐr, Xþ:Ir-H$ï>r {^H$mè`m§Mo OËWo{Xgco, Voìhm `m gËnwéfmZo _Wwa~m~y§Zm CÔoeyZ \$_m©Z gmoS>co:-""_Wwa, gmè`mImÚdñVy `m JmoaJar~ {Odm§Zm XoD$Z Q>mH$.'' _Wwa~m~y Jm|Yico:-""JwéOr,`m gmè`m dñVy BWoM g§ndyZ Q>mH$ë`m Va Amncr H$mer-_Wwam `m VrW©joÌm§Mr`mÌm H$er nma nS>oc?'' am_H¥$îUm§Mo CÎma cmoH${dcjU hmoVo:- ""_Wwa, `mA_¥VnwÌm§Mr ^yH$ ^mJcr VaM _cm Iao g_mYmZ dmQ>oc. hrM _mPr H$mer d


hrM _mPr _Wwam.'' Aem Acm¡{H$H$ Jwê$Mo ñ_maH$ åhUyZ am_H¥$îUml_mMrñWmnZm Pmcr Voìhm {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr `m Aml_mMo Ü ò̀ dmŠ` åhUyZ "AmË_Zmo_m ojmW© OJV²{hVm`M' `m {dYmZmMr {ZdS> Ho$cr d hoM {dYmZ AmOhram_H¥$îUml_mMo Ü ò̀ dmŠ` `m ZmË`mZo N>mZ PiH$V Amho.

_mojàmár ho OrdZmo{Ôï> S>moù`mg_moa R>odyZ {daº$sMm d g§Ý`mgmMm _mJ©ñdrH$maÊ`mMr àWm qhXþ_mÌmcm nydm©nma R>mD$H$ Amho, nU {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`mê$nmVcm `moÕm g§Ý`mgr qhXþ_mÌmcm OJmÀ`m H$ë`mUmH$[aVm àd¥Îm H$am`cm{ZKmcm. ho dmñVd Amho. cmoH$_mÝ` {Q>iH$m§à_mUo {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zrhr {ZanojH$_©`moJmMo _hÎd dma§dma, AYmoao{IV Ho$co. Á`mcm cmoH$g§KQ>Z H$am`MoAmho Ë`mZo BVa MmaMm¡Km§à_mUo, BVa OZgm_mÝ`m§à_mUoM gd© ì`dhmaH$am`Mo, nU ho gm_mÝ`OZ \$imMr Anojm R>odyZ gmao ì`dhma H$aVmV.cmoH$g§KQ>H$mZo _mÌ Hw$R>crhr Anojm AWdm Amgº$s Z ~miJVm ho ì`dhmaH$am`Mo hrM ^JdV²JrVoMr {eH$dU Amho Zm?

{eH$mJmoÀ`m gd©Y_©n[afXoV 19 gßQ>|~a 1893 `m {Xder {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr{h§Xÿ Y_© `mM {df`mda {Z~§Y gmXa Ho$cm. `m {Z~§YmV Ë`m§Zr ẁ{Y{ð>a dÐm¡nXr `m§À`mVcm g§dmX lmoË`m§Zm EoH${dcm. H$m¡adm§Zr ẁ{Y{ð>amcm XçyVmVhadyZ {h_mc`mV Aml` KoÊ`mg ^mJ nmS>co hmoVo. Ðm¡nXrgh amOo ẁ{Y{ð>a{h_mc`mÀ`m {J[aH§$XamV ^Q>H§$Vr H$arV hmoVo. Ðm¡nXrZo àíZ {dMmacm:-""VwåhrAm ẁî`^a Ho$di gX²JwUm§MrM g§nÎmr O_{dcr, ercg§nÞ _mJm©dê$Z MmcVam{hcmV, Varhr Vw_À`mda EdT>çm AmnÎmr H$m H$mogië`m?'' ẁ[Y{ð>a amOoCÎma XoVmV: ""Ðm¡nXr, `m {h_mc`mÀ`m {J[a{eIam§À`m ^ì`Voda d {Xì`Voda_r ~ohÔ Iyf Amho. {h_mc`mÀ`m Va ào_mVM _r nS>cmo Amho. hm ZJm{YamO `mào_mÀ`m _mo~Xë`mV _cm H$mhrhr XoV Zmhr. _mPr nU {h_mc`mH$Sy>Z H$moUVrhrAnojm Zmhr. {Zanoj ào_ H$amdo hm _mPm ñWm`r^md Amho. AWm©V² na_oídamdaào_ H$aVmZm Hw$R>crhr Anojm R>odUo MyH$M Amho. Voìhm na_oídamZo _cm gwImVR>odco H$m`, dm Xþ:ImV T>H$cco H$m`, _mÂ`m nyOmnmR>mV \$aH$ nS>UmaZmhr.''(7)

EH$Xm \$imMr Anojm Z H$aVm gËH$_© H$aÊ`mMr gd` cmJcr H$s _JVmoM ñd^md ñWm`r^md hmoVmo. {deofV: g_mOgodm H$aVmZm hmM ^md Onmdm


hr {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr {eH$dU hmoVr. BVam§er Am{U {deofV: XrZX{cVm§er dmJVmZmH$éUm^md ~miJmdm, `m _§S>itZm gX¡d PwH$Vo _mn Úmdo. doJù`m eãXmVequality nojm equity åhUOo g_Vonojm g_Ý`m` ho VÎd loð> _mZmdo hmñdm_rOtMm CnXoe hmoVm. åhUyZ Va qhXy Y_m©Zo Hy$_m©dVmamg n{hco ñWmZ{Xco Amho ho {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo ^mî` ~hþ_moc åhQ>co nm{hOoo. H$y_© qH$dm H$mgdåhUOo nmoQ>mda MmcUmao OZmda Amho. `mMm AW©, ^Jd§Vmcm XoIrc nmoQ>mMrIiJr âÊ`mMm CÚmoJ àmYmÝ` H«$_mMm dmQ>Vmo. VmËn`©, {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr{dMmagaUr _Zwî`H|${ÐV hmoVr hoM Iao.

gZ 1896 _Yo c§S>ZÀ`m g§S>o Q>mBågÀ`m EH$m A§H$mV ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr_wcmIV à{gÕ Pmcr. `m _wcmIVrVcm Ame` BWo CëcoIZr` Amho. g§S>oQ>mBågÀ`m dmVm©hamZo ì`º${dcoë`m A{^àm`mda ñdm_rOtZr _m{_©H$ ^mî`Ho$co Ago `m Ame`mÛmao A{^ì`º$ Pmco ho Imcrc Amoitdê$Z Ü`mZmV òB©c.

dmVm©hamMm A{^àm`:-""nm¡dm©Ë` Am{U nmpíM_mË` qMVZmVM V\$mdVAmho Ago {XgVo. Vwåhr nm¡dm©Ë` _§S>ir ì`{º$_mÌ n[anyU©-{ZXmo©f ìhmdm `mÜ`mgmnmoQ>r g§Ý`mg, _ZmMr EH$mJ«Vm dJ¡ao _mJmªda â XoVm. nmpíM_mË` _§S>irg_mOaMZm n[anyU ©-{ZXm }f ìhmdr åhUyZ amOH$s`, gm_m{OH$ àíZgmoS>{dÊ`mcm AJ«H«$_ XoVmV.''

{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo ^mî`:- ""amOH$s`, gm_m{OH$ aMZm§À`m _wimer ì`º$sì`º$sÀ`m Mm§JwcnUmMo A{Yð>mZ Amdí`H$ AgVo ho cjmV R>odm. H$moUË`mhramï>́mVcr _mUgo {H$Vr _hmZ d {H$Vr Mm§Jcr AmhoV, ̀ mda Ë`m amï>́mMo _hmZËdAm{U Mm§JconU Adc§~yZ AgVo. Ë`m amï>́mMr g§gX H$moUVo {d{Y{Z`_ _§OyaH$aVo `mda H$mhr amï>́mMo _hmZËd {Z^©a ZgVo.'' (8)

{ddoH$mZ§Xm §Mr {dMmagaUr _Zwî`H|${ÐV hm oVr `mMm AW© _Zwî`KS>{dÊ`mda â XoUmar hmoVr d åhUyZM _mUgm_mUgmda CÎm_ g§ñH$ma H$amdoVho `m {dMmagaUrMo cú` hmoVo. dV©_mZmV Cn^moJdmX ~moH$micm Amho. A_`m©XñdmWm©À`m nyVugmR>r BÝgmZ h¡dmZ ~ZVmò . {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zm B§½c§S-A_o[aHo$À`màdmgmV `mM d¥ÎmtMr àMrVr Amcr. ^m§S>dcemhrVcr OrdKoUr ñnYm© d `mñnY}V _yR>â ^m§S>dcXmam§H$S>o EH$dQ>V Mmccocr _Îmm Am{U gÎmm, Va Xþgè`m~mOyZo Á`m§Mo H«y$a emofU H$ê$Z hr AënOZemhr Eogn¡g ngaV hmoVr Ë`m§Mo


{dXmaH$ Xm[aX«ç Aer Ñí ò ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m ZOaoZo {dcm`VoV {Q>ncr.Voìhm Va qhXÿ VÎdkmZmMr _hVr OJmg_moa gà_mU _m§S>mdr hmM Ü`mg{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr KoVcm. AWm©V qhXÿ VÎdkmZ OgoÀ`m Vgo ì`dhmamV CVa{dconm{hOo. doJù`m eãXmV qhXÿ g_mOmVcr CÀM VÎdkmZ d ŠcoeXm`H$ ì`dhma`mVcr ê§$X Xar g§nwï>mV AmUcr nm{hOo hm {ZíM` hr ñdm_rOtÀ`m _ZmVgmh{OH$M ~imdcm. CXmhaUmW©, {h§Xÿ VÎdkmZ EHo$H$m _mUgmcm ^Jd§VmMoê$n _mZVo. nU ì`dhmamV AmnU Amnë`mM ~m§Ydm§Zm Añn¥í` g_OVmo.am_ajoV AmnU à^y am_M§Ðmcm "H$méÊ`ê$n' d "H$éUmH$a' Aer {deofUocmdVmo, Amncm àË`j ì`dhma _mÌ H$éUmhrZ d {ZîH$éU AgVmo. AmncoqMVZ {Zanoj H$_©̀ moJmda àe§gm nwînm§Mr nIaU H$aUmao AgVo, AZ² AmncodV©Z "coZXoZ', "_mo~Xcm', "Amgº$s' `m ^md^mdZm§^modVr qnJm KmcVo.åhUyZM {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Am§V[aH$ {ñWaVm Agcr VaM ~mø g_Vm CËnÞ hmoVoAgo {dYmZ Ho$co Amho.

am_H¥$îU na_h§gm§À`m ê$nmV {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr `m {dYmZmMr A{^ì`º$snm{hcr hmoVr. am_H¥$îU na_h§g jUmYm©V g_mYrV OmV AgV. Ad¿`m MamMamVna_oída Xem§Jwwio Cacm Amho hm `m AmMm`mªÀ`m AZw^yVrMm {df` hmoVm.åhUOoM Ord, OJV² d OJXre `mVhr EH$mË_Vm hm am_H¥$îUm§À`m coIramoH$S> àMrVrMm _m_cm hmoVm. Voìhm ì`dhmamVhr ñn¥í`-Añn¥í`, ór-nwéf,qhXÿ-AqhXÿ `mVhr A{^ÞVm hr am_H¥$îUm§À`m coIr ñdm^m{dH$Vm hmoVr. IwÔ{ddoH$mZ§X ho gwÕm ghOnUo B©eVÎdmer EH$ê$n hmoV AgV. EH$Xm Hw$R>ë`mVar g^mJ¥hmH$S>o OmÊ`mgmR>r ñdm_rOr {ZKmco, Ë`m§MoM ^mfU hmoVo åhUyZAmaemg_moa C^o amhÿZ Vo Amncm nohoamd ZrQ>ZoQ>H$m H$ê cmJco. eoOmar Cä`mAgcoë`m ì`º$sZo, {dñ_`Xe©H$, {dMmaUm Ho$cr:- ""~mø ê$nmcm {H$Vr _hÎdXoVm _hmamO?'' {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo CÎma cmoH${dcjU hmoVo.'' ^ë`m _mUgm,EH$m§VmV _mPr ~«÷mZ§Xr Q>mir cmJVo, Voìhm g^mg§_ocZmV OmÊ`mnydr© ^mZmda

òÊ`mMr _mPr YS>nS> AgVo.'' VmËn ©̀, _ZmV pñWVàkVm Agcr Va OZmVg_Vm AmMaUo ghO eŠ` AgVo hmM {ZîH$f© `m {ddoMZmVyZ {ZînÞ hmoVmo.

_mUgmMm ÑpîQ>H$moZ ~XcUo OodT>o _hÎdmMo VodT>oM `mo½` CËnmXZKQ>H$m §Mr OwidmOwid H$aUo, AË`mYw{ZH$ V§Ì{dkmZ AmË_gmV H$aUo,


{dH$mgmoÝ_wI JwUg§nXm {_i{dUo `m eVvMr nyVu H$aUohr Amdí`H$ Amho hr{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr {eH$dU hmoVr. Y_©, AW©, H$m_ Am{U _moj `m ~§YZm§Mo ^mZR>odyZ AW© d H$m_ gmÜ` H$amdoV. hoM Iao! `m XmoZ C{Ôï>m§H$S>o nyU©V: nmR>{\$admdr Ago Amnë`mH$S>o Hw$Urhr gm§{JVco Zmhr. åhUOoM Am{W©H$ {dH$mg{ZpíMV H$am`Mm, `m {dH$mgmVyZ gd©gm_mÝ` _mUgmMm gdmªJrU {dH$mggmYm`Mm `mMo AWm©VM ^mZ R>odm`Mo! åhUyZ Va {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr J¥hñWml_mMmJm¡ad Ho$cm. EHo$H$m J¥hñWmZo àW_ àn§M H$amdm, CÎm_ ì`dhmamVyZ YZOmoS>mdo Am{U Z§Va Vo CXmg {dMmao IM© H$amdo hoM dma§dma gm§{JVco. ì`{º$JVñVamda Agm {ddoH$ H$am`Mm Va amï´>r` ñVamda npíM_r Xoem§H$Sy>ZCnH«$_ercVm, gmhg, d¡km{ZH$ Ñ{ï>H$moZ, g_yhmZo H$m ©̀ H$aÊ`mMo H$m¡eë`ho JwU àmá H$am`Mo Agmhr CnXoe `mM n[ad«mOH$mZo Ho$cm.

""amï´>nwéfmZo ^m¡{VH$ {dH$mgmH$S>o cj {XcoM nm{hOo. Amnë`m XoemV\$maVa EH$ cmI órnwéfm§Zr AmÜ`mpË_H$ gmYZm H$amdr, nU `m _§S>itZmAer gmYZm H$aVm `mdr åhUyZ H$moQ>çdYr {Odm§Zr ^yH$-VhmZ {dgê$Z{daº$sMm _mJ© nËH$amdm hm gëcm KmVH$ Amho. JmoaJar~ ZmJ[aH$m§À`mAmZ§XmgmR>r amï´>nwéfmZo ^m¡{VH$ g§ñH¥$Vr AmË_gmV Ho$cr nm{hOo'' ho{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo _mJ©Xe©Z gdm©Wm©Zo H«$m§{VH$maH$ hmoVo. (9)

{ddoH$mZ§Xm §Zr `m g§X^m©V ^m§S>dc g§M`mMo, g§{MV ^m§S>dcmÀ`mJw§VdUwH$sMo Am{U V§Ì{dkmZmV AmYw{ZH$Vm AmUÊ`mMo _hÎd AYmoao{IV Ho$co;OnmZH$Sy>Z CÚ_ercVm {eH$Ê`mMr Amdí`H$Vm Amho hohr gm§{JVco.

AWm©V² BVa Xoem§H$Sy>Z ZdZdo V§ÌkmZ AmË_gmV H$aVmZm Amnë`mXoemÀ`m d¡{eîQ>çm§§Mm {dga nSy> Z ò hm CnXoehr {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Ho$cm. åhUyZVa A_o[aHo$gmR>r AdmT>ì` EH$am§À`m eoVO{_Zrda §̀ÌàYmZ CËnmXZ V§Ì{hVmMo Agoc, nU ̂ maVmgmR>r _mÌ cKwà_mU eoVr Am{U _Zwî`àYmZ CËnmXZV§Ì{hVH$maH$ Amho, H$maU ^maVmVë`m àM§S> g§»`oÀ`m _Zwî`~imcm amoOJma{Xcm nm{hOo. ^{JZr {Zdo{XVm Vwåhm§ Amåhm§g gm§JV AmhoV H$s, A_o[aHo$À`mn{hë`m àdmgmV ñdm_rOr {VWë`m Am{W©H$ g_¥Õr_wio EH$X_ ^mamdyZ JocohmoVo. nU Xþgè`m àdmgmV _mÌ A_o[aHo$Vco `§ÌàYmZ CËnmXZV§Ì ^maVmZo(eoVrjoÌmgmR>r _w»`V:) Ë`mÁ` g_Omdo `m {ZîH$fm©àV {ddoH$mZ§X nmoMco.


gd©gmYmaU _mUyg d Ë`mMo H$ë`mU hmM {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m {M§VZmMm H|$Ðq~XÿhmoVm. (10)

^maVmÀ`m AW©ì`dñWoMr d¡{eïçoo cjmV KoD$Z ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§ZrAm{W©H$ {dH$mgmMr Or ì ỳhaMZm gwM{dcr Vr H$mcm§VamZo gd©_mÝ` Pmcr.JÞa {_S>m©c `m§Zr "Asian Drama' `m nwñVH$mV `m g§X^m©V _m§S>coco {dMma{dd oH$mZ§Xm §À`m X «ï> onUmcm XmX X oUma o AmhoV. {_S>m ©c åhUVmV:""A_o[aHo$gma»`m g_¥Õ XoemVco H¥${fV§ÌkmZ àma§̂ mnmgyZ {VWë`m n[apñWVrergwg§JV hmoVo. KQ>V Mmccocr cmoH$g§»`m ho A_o[aHo$Vco dmñVd Amho Voìhm

§̀ÌàYmZ CËnmXZ {VWo C{MVM _mZco OmVo. nU X{jU Am{e`mVë`m Xoem§VyZA{V[aº$ cmoH$g§»`m Agë`mZo A_o[aHo$Vco H¥${fV§ÌkmZ `m XoemV cm^Xm`H$R>aV Zmhr ho gwñnï> Amho.'' (11) {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr hrM ^y{_H$m hmoVr Zm?

^maVmV {~Ja eoVr joÌmV, (CÚmoJjoÌmV) {deofV: _yc^yV d AdOS>CÚmoJm§À`m joÌmV `m§{ÌH$ CËnmXZ H$aÊ`mg _mÌ {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mm nmqR>~m hmoVm.Ë`m§Zr O_eoQ>Or Q>mQ>m§Zm Va AZwê$n AË`mYw{ZH$ V§Ì d `§Ì Adí` dmnamAgmM gëcm {Xcm hmoVm. AWm©V AË`mYw{ZH$ V§ÌkmZ {eH${dÊ`mMr BWoì`dñWm ìhmdr, `m Ñï>rZo à{ejUg§ñWm d H$m ©̀emimhr ̂ maVmV gwê$ H$amì`mVhm {ddoH$mZ§Xm §Mm AmJ«h hm oVm. E{àc 1899 _Yo à~wÕ ^maV `m{Z`VH$m{cH$mÀ`m AJ«coImV "^maVr` H¥${f {dH$mgmgmR>r VgoM Am¡Úmo{JH${dH$mgmgmR>r à{ejU g§ñWm§Mr ñWmnZm ìhmdr' Aer {e\$mag H$aÊ`mV AmcrhmoVr d XñVwaIwÔ {ddoH$mZ§Xm§ZrM hm AJ«coI {c{hcm hmoVm ho _wÔm_ Z_yXHo$co nm{hOo. (12) {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr aoImQ>coco C‚dc ^maVmMo ñdßZ H$ï>H$ar^maVr`m§Mr H$Xa H$aUmao hmoVo. ""H$ï>H$ar OZVoZo EH$Ì òD$Z {d{dY dñVy§Mod godm§Mo CËnmXZ H$amdo Am{U _Ü`ñWm§Zm d Xcmcm§Zm Ymã`mda ~gdyZgai `m dñVy d godm WoQ> J«mhH$m§n ª̀V nmohmoMdmì`mV'', hr hmoVr ñdm_rOtMr^y{_H$m. (13)

{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr {dH$mg{df`H$ g§H$ënZm {Z:g§{X½YnUo gd©gmYmaU_mUgmÀ`m gdmªJrU H$ë`mUmcmM gX¡d AYmoao{IV H$aUmar hmoVr. gZ 1960Z§VaÀ`m XeH$m§_Yo VimJmimVë`m _mUgm{df`rMr qMVm {d{dY Xoem§_Yë`mAW©emñÌkm§Zm Zì`m {XeoZo {dMma H$aÊ`mg àoaUm XoD$ cmJcr. `m àoaUonmoQ>rM


""Aën{dH${gV Xoem§Zr amï´>r2222` CËnÞ dmT>rdaM gmao cj H|${ÐVH$aÊ`mEodOr OZgm_mÝ`mÀ`m gdmªJrU {dH$mgmMm Ü`mg ¿`mdm. _mZdr^m§S>dcmVë`m Jw §VdUwH$scm AJ«H«$_ Úmdm Am{U AmYw{ZH$sH$aU åhUOonpíM_rH$aU `m g_rH$aUmMm Ë`mJ H$ê$Z ñdV:À`m ^md{dídmer AZwê$nR>aoc Ago AmYw{ZH$sH$aU ñdrH$mamh© _mZmdo.'' BË`mXr _m¡{cH$ {dMma àg¥VhmoD$ cmJco. gZ 1963 _Yo Ooìhm ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr OÝ_eVmãXr gmOarPmcr, Ë`mM gw_mamg Ago _m¡{cH$ {dMma àg¥V hmoD$ cmJco hm `moJm`moJ{Z:g§e` WŠH$ H$aUmam Amho. OJmZoM OUy `m _mÜ`_mVyZ ^maVr`Jwé{eî`mÀ`m Agm_mÝ` OmoS>rcm glÕ A{^dmXZ Ho$co.

gw{d»`mV gmopìhEV {dMmad§V B©. EZ². H$m_mamoìh `m§Zr {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`mOrdZmda Ho$coco ^mî` CëcoIZr`M åhQ>co nm{hOo.

""ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Ë`m§À`m H$mimVë`m ^m§S>dcXmam §da Am{U^m§S>dcemhr g§~§Ymda Z¡{VH$, Ym{_©H$ Ñ{ï>H$moZmVyZ gS>oVmoS> Q>rH$m Ho$cr d`m Q>rH$màhmam§_wioM ""{JaU_mcH$m§Zr l_Ordr KQ>H$m§gmR>r {d{dY gmò rgdcVrnwadmì`mV'' `m Ame`mÀ`m {dMmam§Zm Zdo ~i cm^co. _J hoM {dMma gJirH$S>oéOco.'' (14)

Ho$di g§d¡Ym{ZH$ XwéñVr H$aÊ`mV Amcr Am{U ImOJr _mc_ÎmoMm hŠH$,_wc^yV hŠH$m§À`m gyMrVyZ dJiÊ`mV Amcm, åhUOo Am{W©H$ {df_Vm g§nwï>mV

òB©c, Aer g_OyV ~miJUo ho ^m~S>onUmMo cjU Amho. lr_§Vm§À`m _ZmVcrA_mn g§nÎmr ~miJÊ`mMr AmoT> Omon ª̀V H$m`_ Amho Vmon ª̀V {df_Vm H$m`_Mamhrc. `mMm AW©, amÁ`emgZmÀ`m H$m`XoH$mZy§Zm AmÜ`mpË_H$ {M§VZmMr OmoS>XoUo An[ahm ©̀ _mZco nm{hOo. {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo {M§VZ {Z:g§e` {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMmòmoV hmoVo. `mM qMVZmZo Vwåhm§ Amåhm§g {eH${dco Amho H$s Amnë`mnojm daÀ`mñVam§da AgUmè`m Hw$~oam§Mm Ûof d _Ëga H$aUo ñdm^m{dH$ Amho. nU Oo A^mJrgwXm_m Amnë`mnojm {ZåZ ñVam §da X þ:IrH$ï>r {OUo OJV AmhoV,Ë`m§À`m{df`r àm_m{UH$ H$éUm ~miJUo Am{U hr H$éUm d¡̀ {º$H$-gmd©O{ZH$ì`dhmamV CVa{dUo hrM H$mimMr JaO Amho, dV©_mZmMr eV© Amho!"e§H$amMm`mªÀ`m àkocm ^JdmZ Jm¡V_ ~wÕm§À`m H$éUoMr OmoS> Úm' ho{ddoH$mZ§XàUrV _mJ©Xe©Z emídV d {Ma§VZ gwImÀ`m dMZ{MÇ>rgmaIo Amho


hoM Iao. ""nm{dÍ` d Am¡Xm ©̀ `m JwUm§Mr g§nXm åhUOo Hw$Um {deof n§WmMrAm{U g§àXm`mMr R>oHo$Xmar Amho Ago g_Oy ZH$m. gd©M Y_mªZr `m gX²JwUm§Mr_hVr Jm{`cr Amho ho cjmV R>odyZ Aem JwUm§Zr g§nÞ Agcoë`m gÁOZm§Mr_m§{X`mir XoemoXoer C^r H$am.'' hm ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mm CnXoe {H$Vr _ycJm_rAmho ho doJio gm§Jm`cm hdo H$m?

ñdm_r {dd oH$mZ§X gYZ ì`º$s ¨Zm, d[að> ñVam§Vë`m KQ>H$m §ZmXdq~Xÿà_mUo dmJÊ`mMm gëcm XoVmV. Xdq~Xÿ nU© ametda CVaVmV, nUË`m§À`m ZmOyH$ AmJ_ZmVyZM gw§Xa Jwcm~m§Mo VmQ>do \w$cVmV! gYZ _§S>itZr{ZY©Zm§Zm `m àH$mao gd©Vmonar ghH$m ©̀ Úmdo hr {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr {eH$dU emídV_hËdmMr Amho. ñdm_rOtZr gZ 1897 _Yo {dXoemVyZ ^maVmV naVë`mda {X.15 OmZodmarcm n{hco ì`m»`mZ {Xco, Ë`mV Am{U Ë`mZ§Va _Ðmgcm {Xcoë`mì`m»`mZmVhr ^maVdfm©Zo OJmVë`m doJdoJù`m Xoem§Zm Xdq~XÿMm AmXe©g_moa R>odyZ gVV ghH$m ©̀ {Xco Agë`mMo CëcoI Ho$co hmoVo. (15)

Á`mcm {dH$mg H$am`Mm Amho Ë`m gmYH$mZo _mÌ _moË`mÀ`m qenë`m§MoAZwH$aU H$amdo hm {ddoH$mZ§XàUrV CnXoe Amho. Vo åhUVmV: ""_moË`mÀ`mqenë`m§gmaIo ìhm. ñdmVr ZjÌmÀ`m doir Oa nmD$g nS>cm Am{U Ë`mMm Wo§~Oa qenë`mV nS>cm Va Ë`m Wo§~mMm _moVr h§moVmo. _moVrqenë`m§Zm ho Mm§JcoR>mD$H$ AgVo, Am{U åhUyZM Á`m doir ñdmVrZjÌ CJdVo Ë`mdoir Vr da

òD$Z Ë`m _m¡ë`dmZ W|~mMr dmQ> nmhmV "Am' dmgyZ nmÊ`mÀ`m n¥ð>^mJmdaVa§JV amhmVmV. ñdmVr ZjÌmÀ`m nmdgmMm EH$ Wo§~ AmV nS>VmM _moVrqencoPQ>H$Z Amnco H$dM {_Q>VmV Am{U WoQ> g_wÐmÀ`m Vimer XS>r _mê$Z {VWogmdH$me Ë`m W|~mMm _moVr H$aÊ`mV Jw§VyZ OmVmV. Voìhm AmnU Ë`m _moVrqenë`mgmaIo Pmco nm{hOo.'' (16)

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr EH$moUMmirg dfmªÀ`m Aënm ẁî`mV Ho$dT>o AZ_moc{dMma-YZ àg¥V Ho$co. Ë`m§À`m XrS>eoì`m O §̀VrÀ`m dfu hoM {dMmaYZ AmnUAmË_gmV H$ê$Z Vo ì`dhmamV CVa{dco nm{hOo. Ë`mVyZ OUy g_mOñdmñÏ`mMm{d_m Ca{dcm OmB©c. à{V{Xder g_ñ`m {~H$Q> d O{Q>c hmoV AmhoV. dmT>Vr_hJ©Vm, dmT>Vr {df_Vm Am{U dmT>Vr X[aÐVm `m§_wio gd©gmYmaU _mUyg_oQ>mHw$Q>rcm Amcm Amho. ~mam n§Mdm{f©H$ `moOZm§VyZ _yR>^a ZmJ[aH$m§nwaVrM


d¥Õr Pmcr Amho. `m ì`mdV©H$ d¥ÕrÀ`m EodOr gd©g_mdoeH$ {dH$mg ìhmdmhrM Amncr Amg Amho. Voìhm {ddoH$mZ§X-{dMmam§À`m àH$memV `mnwT>o dmQ>MmcPmcr nm{hOo. gwpñWVrVë`m ^m½`d§Vm§Zr A^mJr, hV^mJr X[aÐrZmam`UmÀ`mH$ë`mUmgmR>r ñdV: hmoD$Z nwT>o `mdo. Ho$di Amnë`mnwaVoM nmhUo gmoSy>Z Úmdo."VoZ Ë`ºo$Z ^wÍOrWm:' åhUOo Ë`mJmcm AJ«H«$_ XoD$Z Cn^moJ ¿`mdm ho{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Ho$coco _mJ©Xe©Z A{dñ_aUr`, AZwH$aUr` g_Omdo. H$amcAWdm ^rfU J«rî_ F$VyMm VS>mIm gmè`m Amg_§Vmcm Pi nmohmoM{dVmo. _JY[aÌr_mVm AmV©öX`mZo nO©Ý`YmaoMr àVrjm H$é cmJVo. VhmZoZo ì`mHy$iPmcoë`m `m YaVrMr Am§V[aH$ Amg EH$m H$d{`ÌrZo eãX~Õ Ho$cr Amho:-

""Vo am¡Ðê$n {~OcrMo _O cmô gdmUo H$YrM J_co ZìhVo &ao MmVH$V¥îUm e_dm`mñVd _mPr, _r EH$ {Ma§VZ W|~mgmR>r PwaVo''&&ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo _mJ©Xe©Z Zo_Š`m `m V¥fmV© Y[aÌrÀ`m gwImMrM

H$miOr H$aVo d åhUyZM Vo dfm©F$VyÀ`m n{hë`m W|~mgmaIo {Ma§VZ _hÎdmMoAmho. {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mÀ`m `m òmoVmcm {dZ_« àUm_!

************


ViQ>rnm:-1) d§Xo _mVa_² (lr AaqdX Kmof `m§À`m àoaH$ coIm§Mm g§J«h) (_w§~B© 1997)nmZ 1702) nhm:-Vikramjit Banerjee, Swami Vivekananda: Indian stateand Economy (New Delhi, 2013), P. 113) nhm: Selections from Swami Vivekananda (Calcuta, 1981),P 5364) VÌ¡d, P. 537.5) --''-- P. 2076) --''--P. 336-3377)--''-- P. 8-98) --''-- P. 376.9) nhm:-Santwana Dasgupta, Social Philosophy of SwamiVivikananda (Kolkata, 2009) P. 331.10) Sister Nivedita, The Master As I Saw Him (Kolkata, 2009)P. 189.11) Quoted by Santwana Dasgupta, nmhm ViQ>rn H«$. 9, nmZ 33612) VÌ¡d, nmZ 33813) --''--nmZ 34014) nhm:- E.N. Komarov, Swami Vivekananda: Studies in So-viet Linion (Mosauw) P. 12715) nhm:- ViQ>rn H«$. 3, nmZ 181 d 235.16) ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X _ZmMr-EH$mJ«Vm Am{U Ü`mZ (nwUo, 2013),nmZ 58-59


àH$aU 2ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo Ðï>onU

gd©gm_mÝ` _mUyg Am{U loð> H$dr dmë_rH$s `m§À`mgmaIm AmÚ F$fr`m§À`mVcr V\$mdV EH$m g§ñH¥$V gŵ m{fVmZo MnIc eãXmV ì`º${dcr Amho.

""cm¡{H$H$m §Zm {h gmYyZm §, dmH ²$ AWm ©Z wdV©Vo&F$frUm § n wZamXçmZm §, dmM§ AWm ©Z wYmd{V&&''hmM Vmo ícmoH$ hmò .(gm_mÝ` gÁOZmMr dmUr AWm©à_mUo nwT>o OmVo, nU dmë_rH$s Va F$frM

hmoVo d Ë`m§Mrhr dmUr ^{dî` H$WZ H$aUmar R>acr. `m AWm©Zo H${dloð>mgma»`m AmÚ F$frÀ`m dmUr_mJo AW© YmdVmo.) ̀ m ûcmoH$mÛmao gŵ m{fVH$Vm©AmnUm§g gm§JV Amho H$s AmÚF$fr Oo Oo ~mocVmV Vo Iao hmoVo.

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X ho Va EH$mo{Ugmì`m eVH$mVco ^maVr` F$frM hmoVo dË`m§Mrhr dmUr ^{dî`H$WZ H$aUmar R>acr ho `m _hmnwéfmÀ`m OrdZM[aÌmÀ`mAÜ``ZmVyZ ghOnUo Ü`mZmV `oVo. gZ 2013 À`m ~mam OmZodmargñdm_rOtMr XrS>eodr O §̀Vr AmnU gmOar Ho$cr Amho.

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Amnë`m EH$moUMmirg dfm©§À`m Aënm`wî`m_Ü`oàW_ ^maV^«_U Ho$co; Z§Va XmoZ doim {dcm`Vdmar Ho$cr. Ë`m§Mo gmao OrdZXoeg_{n©V hmoVo. åhUyZM àË òH$ jUr Ë`m§Zr Ho$di Xoe{hVmMmM {dMma dì`dhma H o$cm. n[aUm_V: Amnë`m X oemÀ`m ^ yVH$mim{df`r,dV©_mZH$mim{df`r,EdT>oM Zìho Va ^{dî`H$mim{df`rXoIrc Ë`m§Mr dº$ì ògdm©Wm©Zo Iar R>acr. ñdm_rOtÀ`m Ñï>rZo H$moUmhr Xoe^º$mZo ñdV:gmR>r nX,à{Vð>m dm n¡gm {_imdm `m C{Ôï>mÀ`m nyVugmR>r Zìho; Va AmnU `m _mV¥̂ y_rMoXoUo cmJVmo `m ^y{_Ho$nmoQ>r Xoegodm Ho$cr nm{hOo. "AmYr Ho$co. _J gm§{JVcohmM ñdm_rOtMm OÝ_OmV ñd^md hmoVm, ̀ mhr nojm Ë`m§Zr Vr ^y{_H$m ì`dhmamVCVa{dcr hmoVr. ho gwñnï> Amho. gmam §e, ñdm_rOtMo qMVZ Am{U dV©ZXoe{hVmgmR>rM hmoVo. Voìhm Ë`m§Mo ~moc ^maVmÀ`m ^{dî`mMm doY KoUmao R>aco


`mV H$gcrM e§H$m amhV Zmhr.2 n«W_ gm_m{OH$ n[adV©Z Z§Va amOH$s`-^maVmÀ`m B{VhmgmMo AÜ``Z H$aUmè`m Hw$Umhr ì`º$scm ho ghOnUo

OmUdVo H$s ^maVmV gm§ñH¥${VH$, gm_m{OH$ n[adV©Z àW_ KS>Vo; amOH$s`n[adV©Z gwB©_mJyZ Ym½`mZo Omdo Vgo Z§Va KS>Vo. Ý`m`_yVu _hmXod JmoqdXamZS>o `m§Zr Va ho gà_mU {gÕ H$ê$Z XmI{dco Amho H$s _hmamï>́mVë`m_mUgmÀ`m _Zmer àW_ gmYwg§Vm§Zr gwg§dmX Ho$cm Ë`mVyZ BWo _mUgm_mUgmdaY_©g§ñH¥$VrgmR>r Ë`mJ H$aÊ`mMo AZ_moc g§ñH$ma Pmco d N>ÌnVr {edmOr_hmamOm§À`m amÁ`H«$m§VrgmR>r A{Ve` AZwHy$c dm ẁ_§S>c BWo CËnÞ Pmco.Ad¿`m ^maVmV ho AZm{XH$mimnmgyZ KS>V Amho. `mhr AWm©Zo ñdm_r{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo H$m ©̀ åhUOo Z§Va KS>coë`m _hmZ ZmQ>çmÀ`m Zm§XrgmaIo R>acoho nyU©V: Iao Amho.

amo_m± amocm± `m \«|$M {dMmad§VmZo {c{hcoë`m {ddoH$mZ§X M[aÌmV hm gmamAme` A{Ve` AW©nyU© eãXm§V C_Q>cm Amho. amo_m± amocm± åhUVmV H$s, "ñdm_rOrA_o[aH$m, B§½c§S> dJ¡ao Xoem§Mr n{hcr dmar g§ndyZ ^maVmV naVco d Z§VaH$moc§~monmgyZ Aë_moS>çmn ª̀V Ë`m§Zr ^maVmMm n«dmg Ho$cm. `m àdmgmV Ë`m§Zr{Xcocr ^mfUo AË §̀V n[aUm_H$maH$ R>acr; nU `m gd© ^mfUm§n¡H$s _ÐmgcmË`m§Zr {Xcocr ̂ mfUo OUy OmXÿ H$ê$Z Jocr. "^maVmMm ̂ mdr H$mi' ̀ m _Wù`mÀ`m^mfUmV Ë`m§Zr lmoË`m§Zm CËH$Q> AmdmhZ Ho$co, ""nwT>Mr nÞmg df©o gd© Xodm{YXod_Z:nQ>cmdê$Z nwgyZ Q>mH$m. `mnwT>o Ho$di amï´>Xod hmM Xod Amho ho _ZmdaH$moê$Z R>odm. hm {damQ> ^maVdf©, `m Xoem_Ycr `ƒ`mdV OZVm Vw_À`mgmR>rXodVmñdê$n Amho ho H$Yrhr {dgê$ ZH$m''....ñdm_rOtMm _¥Ë ỳ Pmcm gZ 1902_Ü ò Am{U Ë`mZ§Va Ho$di VrZ df} CcQ>ë`mda åhUOo gZ 1905 _Ü ò ~§JmcnoQy>Z CR>cm. \$miUrÀ`m {damoYmV Am{U ñdXoerMm _§Ì {_a{dÊ`mV gmam XoeMM¡VÝ`mZo ÝhmD$Z {ZKmcm. bmoH$_mÝ`m§À`m d _hmË_mOtÀ`m ZoV¥ËdmImcrÁ`m Midir Pmë`m, Ë`m MiditMr Zm§XrM gZ 1905 _Ü ò Jm{`cr Jocr.1

amo_m± amocm± `m§À`m `m _m¡{cH$ {ddoMZmcm H¡$H$ CXmhaUm§Mr d à_mUm§MrOmoS> XoVm òB©c. _wimV "^maVmMm ^mdr H$mi' ho Cnamo„o{IV ^mfU gZ 1897_Ü ò XoÊ`mV Amco. "nwT>Mr nÞmg df}' `m eãXà`moJmdaM cj H|${ÐV H$am.


Ü`mZmV òB©c H$s gZ 1947 _Üò åhUOo _moOyZ nÞmg df©o CcQ>ë`mdaAmncm ̂ maVdf© {~«{Q>em§À`m OmoIS>mImcyZ _wº$ Pmcm. gZ 1897 Mo ñdm_rOtMoAmdmhZ {H$Vr Ame`J^© hmoVo ho doJio gm§Jm`cm hdo H$m?

3 {~ «{Q>em §M o {d{dY _mJu AmH«$_U-ñdm_rOtÀ`m {dcm`VdmarMr nmíd©̂ y_r g_OyZ KoVcr Va Ë`m§À`m B§½c§S>-

A_o[aHo$Vë`m ^mfUm§Mm AW© d n[aUm_ ghOnUo H$iyZ MwHo$c. gZ 1893_Ü ò ñdm_rOr A_o[aHo$V nmohmoMco. gZ 1793 nmgyZM J«oQ> {~«Q>Z_Ü ò ̂ maVmÀ`m{¼üZrH$aUmÀ`m _mo{h_oMm àma§̂ Pmcm hmoVm. {dë`_ {dë~a\$mog© `m {~«{Q>eImgXmamZo gZ 1793 _Üò gd©gm_mÝ` {~«{Q>e ZmJ[aH$m§Zm AmdmhZ Ho$coH$s, g§gXoZo ^maVmÀ`m {¼üZrH$aU-_mo{h_ocm nmqR>~m XoUmam R>amd g§_VH$amdm `m CÔoemZo g^mnVtH$S>o nÌo nmR>dm. Z§VaMr drg df} {dë~a\$mog© AerAmdmhZo H$arV am{hco; cmoH$m§H$Sy>Z AZwHy$c à{VgmX {_imë`mda Va `m_hme`m§À`m CËgmhmcm CYmU Amco. drg df} CcQ>ë`mda åhUOo gZ 1813_Ü ò {~«{Q>e g§gXoZo Agm R>amd _§Oya Ho$cm. `m g§X^m©V d Z§Va E|er-ZìdXdf©o {~«{Q>em§Zr ^maVmÀ`m ~XZm_rMo A{^`mZM N>oS>co. _wimV gZ 1750 À`mAmgnmg {~«{Q>em§Zr ^maVmÀ`m ñdmV§Í`mda Kmcm KmVcm d ^maVmMr ~oNy>Q> cyQ>gwê$ Ho$cr. BWë`m {ZgJm©Mo emofU Ho$co, BWë`m g§nÎmrMo AnhaU Ho$co.O_rZXmar àWm gwê$ H$ê$Z BWë`m gd©gm_mÝ` eoVH$è`m§da AS>rÀ`m {XS>rO_rZgmam cmXm`cm {~«{Q>em§ZrM gwédmV Ho$cr, {~«{Q>em§ZrM BWë`m {dUH$am§Zmd cjmdYr CÚmoOH$m§Zm XoemoYS>rcm cm{dco. H$mhr ^maVr` ZmJ[aH$m§Zm VaAjamWm©Zo _wXV~§X _Oya åhUyZ {dXoemV admZm Ho$co. AWm©V ẁamo{n`Ýg Á`mÁ`m Xoem§V Joco {VWo {VWo gd©Ì Ë`m§Zr ñWm{ZH$ ^y{_nwÌm§Zm d ^y{_H$Ý`m§Zm~o{MamI Ho$co ho {dgê$Z MmcUma Zmhr. ^maVr` ZmJ[aH$m§Zm Añ_mZrAmnÎmt~amo~aM gwcVmZr g§H$Q>m§Zmhr gm_moao Omdo cmJco. Voìhm XþîH$mim§_wioH¡$H$ OU _¥Ë ẁ_wIr nS>co. Oo {Od§V am{hco Ë`m§Zm Va _aUàm` `mVZm§À`mS>mJÊ`m œoVdUu` emgH$m§Zr {Xë`m. {~«{Q>em§Mm AmJmD$ ehmOmoJnUm AgmH$s "Amåhr Á`m§Zm N>ico d cwQ>co Vo OmË`mM O§Jcr, AS>mUr d AmßncnmoQ>ohmoVo' ho {gÕ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zr ^maVr` ZmJ[aH$m§À`m ~XZm_rMr {Zc©ÁO_mohr_M hmVr KoVcr. {dë~a\$mog©, Ooåg {_c, Wm°_g _oH$m°co, Mmëg© Q́>oìho{c`Z


dJ¡ao YyV© Jm¡adUu`m§Mr ^mfUo dmMcr Va H$iVo H$s qhXþ_mÌmcm CÔoeyZ eocŠ`m{eì`m§Mm _mam H$aÊ`mV ho _hm^mJ AJ«oga hm oVo. "AS>mUr', "X[aÐr',"AŠH$ceyÝ`,' "AmVë`m JmR>rMo', "H$nQ>r', "Ag§ñH¥$V', "O§Jcr' BË`mXrâ_gmQ> {deofUm§Mr ^maVr`m§da I¡amV H$aÊ`mV {~«{Q>e {dMmad§Vm§_Ü ò OUyñnYm© cmJcr hmoVr. {dë`_ {dë~a\$mog©gma»`m _hm^mJm§Zr qhXÿ Y_m©daMm§JcoM Vm|S>gwI KoVco. _oH$m°coZo ""Am_À`m {ejUnÕVrVyZ {e{jV ^maVr`,a§JmZo H$mimgmdim, nU T>§JmZo Jmoam `wamonr` ìhmdm'' Aer BÀN>m OJmcmEoH${dcr. Ë`mMm _oìhUm Mmëg© Q́>oìho[c`Z `mZo Va fQ>H$maM _macm ""BWë`m{e{jV VéUmZo EVXoer` diUmMo ñdmV§Í` {_i{dÊ`mMm Ü`mg gmoSy>Z Úmdmd ẁamo{n`Z diUM nyU©V: AmË_gmV H$amdo; Ë`mZo {~«{Q>em§Zm eÌy d cwQ>mê$ Z_mZVm ^maVmMo {hV[M§VH$, {_Ì d Aml`XmVo _mZmdo `m {XeoZo Am_Mr IQ>nQ>Mmcy Amho....''

{~«{Q>em§Zr N>oS>coco ~XZm_rMo A{^`mZ BWë`m A{ÔZm§nwaVo Var g\$cPmco, ~w{ÕôX H$aÊ`mV `m Ñï>rZo {~«{Q>e gmho~ èñdr Pmcm. _J BWcm{eH$cm-gdacocm ehar eQ>cH$m°H$ ñdV:À`m ~§Yŵ {JZtMr qZXm d gmho~mMr_mÌ ñVwVr H$aÊ`mV Jd© _mZy cmJcm...

4 fS>`§Ì nmM {_{ZQ>mV Ywircm-ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr {dcm`VdmarV n{hcoM ^mfU {Xco Vo 11 gßQ>|~a

1893 `m {Xder. `mnyduMr e§̂ a df©o {~«{Q>em§H$Sy>Z qhXÿ Y{_©̀ m§da gmVË`mZoH$moUVo Hw$R>mamKmV hmoV hmoVo Ë`mMo {ddoMZ daÀ`m AmoitVyZ _r Ho$co Amho. nUe§â dfmªÀ`m `m fS²> §̀Ìmcm ñdm_rOtZr Xhm-n§Yam {_{ZQ>m§À`m AënmdYrVYwircm {_i{dco. Ad¿`m A_o[aHo$cm {ddooH$mZ§Xm§À`m ̀ m ̂ mfUmVyZ ñnï> H$iyZMwH$co H$s qhXþ_mÌ àmMrZ H$mimnmgyZ {dYm`H$ {dMma H$aVmò . Vmo ñdmJVercAmho; OJmVë`m `ƒ`mdV² ZmJ[aH$m§Zm Vmo ~§Yw^{JZr g_OVmo. Ë`mcmOJm_Ycm Û of, _Ëga g§n wï>mV AmUÊ`mMr BÀN>m Amho. åhUOo Orgd©Y_©n[afX {¼ü{ZQ>rMo H$m¡VwH$ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Am`mo{OV H$aÊ`mV Amcr hmoVrVr qhXÿ Y_m©Mr àe§gm H$aÊ`mV JH©$ Pmcr. _J "Ý ỳ̀ m°H©$ hoamëS>' nÌmZo gwñnï>eãXm§V H$~wcr {Xcr:-""^maVmgma»`m gwg§ñH¥$V XoemV AmnU BH$Sy>Z {_eZarOnmR>{dVmo hm Amncm _yI©nUm Amho,'' "~moñQ>Z B{ìhqZJ Q́>mZpñH«$ßQ>' Am{U "{X


[aìøy Am°\$ [aìøyO' `m d¥ÎmnÌm§Zrhr ñdm_rOtMo d qhXÿ g§ñH¥$VrMo Jm¡adnyU©CëcoI Ho$co. (2)

Oå_y-H$mí_raMo ^yVnyd© amÁ`nmc d ^yVnyd© H|$Ðr` _§Ìr lr_mZ OJ_mohZ`m§Zr `m g§X^m©V ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X Ðï>o R>aco `mMm Añgc nwamdm {Xcm Amho.ñdm_rOtZr A_o[aHo$V AÜ`mË_mMo JwUJmZ Ho$co. ""Ad¿`m MamMamcm ì`mnyZCacocm na_mË_m AmVm {dkmZmH$Sy>Zhr AàË`jV: _mÝ`Vm nmdcm Amho'' `meãXm§V Amncr {dÛÎmm,{Z:g§{X½YVm d X¥T>Vm A{^ì`º$ Ho$cr. n[aUm_V:A_o[aH$Z _mZg ~Xcco. gZ 1915 _Ü ò A_o[aHo$Mo VËH$mcrZ AÜ`j dwS>́mo{dëgZ `m§Zr Amnë`m ^mfUmV Oo {dMma _m§S>co Ë`mVyZ ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X dË`m§Mo Jwê$ am_H¥$îU na_h§g `m§À`mM àH$Q> qMVZmMo à{VÜdZr C_Q>co AgoåhUVm `oB©c. {dëgZ_hmoX` ^mfUmV åhUmco:-({dXoemV OÝ_coë`m, nUA_o[aHo$V ZmJ[aH$ åhUyZ pñWamdcoë`m lmoË`m§Zm CÔoeyZ) ""_mPm Vwåhmcmgëcm Amho, {dMma H$aVmZm A_o[aHo$cm Zìho, Va Ad¿`m _mZdVocm àmYmÝ`Úm. Amnë`m ghH$mè`m§À`m gwImda {ZImao R>odyZ ñdV:Mr YZXm¡cV dmT>dmdr,Agm {dMma H$aUmè`m _mUgm§Mr _cm H$sd H$amdrer dmQ>Vo. Agm {dMmaH$aUmè`m _mUgmcm A_o[aHo$À`m C{Ôï>m§Mm {dga nS>cm Amho ho cjmV R>odm,H$maU g_ñV _mZdOmVrcm EH$Ì H$aÊ`mgmR>r A_o[aH$m AdVacr Amho.''(3)

5 KmVH$s AZwH$aU-^m¡{VH$VoÀ`m, ~mOmar d cîH$ar àd¥ÎmtÀ`m Amhmar Jocoë`m A_o[aHo$da

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr à^md Q>mH$cm. {dœmË_H$ XodmMm {dMma H$aÊ`mg `mMA_o[aHo$cm Ë`m§Zr ào[aV Ho$co `mV e§H$m Zmhr.

IwÔ ^maVr` ZmJ[aH$m§gmR>r BWo naVë`mda ñdm_rOtZr Oo _mJ©Xe©ZHo$co, Ë`mVyZ ""`wam oA_o[aH$Zm§À`m Mîå`mVyZ ^maVmH$S> o nmh ÿ ZH$m;`wamoA_o[aH$Zm§Zm à_mU _mZy ZH$m; _mJMmnwT>Mm {dMma Z H$aVm B§½c§S>-A_o[aHo$Mo AZwH$aU H$aUo Bï> Zmhr'' Agm CnXoe Va {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr ^maVr`~§Yŵ {JZtgmR>r Ho$cmM; nU Ë`mhr nwT>o OmD$Z ""^maVr` ~m§Ydm§er OwicocrZmi VmoSy> ZH$m...`m ^maVr`m§ZmM ^Jd§VmMr ê$no _mZyZ Ë`m§À`m godoV ñdV:cmJmSy>Z ¿`m.'' Aem A_¥VdMZm§Mmhr dfm©d H$aÊ`mV {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr nwT>mH$maKoVcm. (4)


""Y_© hmM Amnë`m amï>́mMm àmU Amho ho cjmV R>odm. Y_© åhUOo H$mhrn§W dm g§àXm` Zmhr. nU _r åhUOo eara Zmhr; _r åhUOo na_mËå`mMo cKwê$nAgcocm OrdmË_m. hoM AmË_VÎd gd© ^yV_mÌm§V Amho Ago g_OyZ gJù`m§da{Zanoj ào_ H$am`Mo hm Y_m©Mm Ame` d AW© Amho. ^maVmV `m Ame`mMm dAWm©Mm Y_©M amï>́mMo Cô-AmS>do YmJo {dUV Amho. åhUyZ gdU©-AdU©, e¡d-d¡îUd, ehadmgr-Am{Xdmgr BË`mXr ôX^mdm§Zm {Vcm§Ocr XoD$Z g§nyU© ^maVEH$g§K R>odm.'' (5)

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr {hXy Y_m©Mo H$mcgwg§JV ê$n gdmªg_moa _m§S>co,Amnë`m amï>́mOdiÀ`m cmô gdmÊ`m JwUg§nXocm eãX~Õ Ho$co d hr JwUg§nXmàmUnUmZo Oncr nm{hOo Ago dma§dma gm§{JVco. {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m `m Aem AWH$àdmgm_wioM ̂ maVmVcr _aJi g§nwï>mV Amcr Am{U {dgmì`m eVH$mÀ`m n{hë`mXeH$mV ^maV M¡VÝ`mZo ÝhmD$Z {ZKmcm. H o$. E_$. n{U¸$a `m§ZrCommonsense about India ̀ m erf©H$mMo nwñVH$ gZ 1960 _Ü ò àH$m{eVHo$co. Ë`mVcm Imcr {Xcocm CVmam {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m OrdZH$m`m©À`m \$clwVrdaàH$me Q>mH$Umam Amho :- ""`m XeH$mV qhXþ_mÌmcm {h§Xÿ g_mOmÀ`m è:{gÕrñdm{^_mZ OmJ{dUmè`m dmQ>ë`m AmhoV. amï>́mMr Zdr à{V_m OÝ_mcm AmcrAmho. AmnU ^yVH$mimV OJmÀ`m {dMmamV Va â Q>mH$crM; nU XÿaXÿaÀ`màXoem§VyZ Amncr g§ñH¥$Vrhr nmohmoM{dcr, Amnco à^md{dœ Cô Ho$co Agohr `mXeH$mV qhXÿ g_mOmcm OmUdV Amho.'' ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m VH©$ewÕ_m§S>Ur_wio ẁamoA_o[aH$Zm§Mm à^md Amogê$ cmJcm d qhXÿ Y_m©Mm à^md dmTy>cmJcm. Ë`mVyZ {dgmì`m eVH$mVë`m ^maVmÀ`m ñdmV§Í`cT>çmcm AZ_moc~i {_imco.

{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr _Ðmgcm ^mfUmVyZ "Ð{dS> {déÕ Am ©̀' hm g§Kf© d¥WmAgë`mMo gm§{JVco. CÎma ^maV d X{jU ^maV `m§V H$mhrhr ôX Zmhr Agogà_mU {deX Ho$co, Va cmhmoacm "dm`ì òH$Sy>Z Amcoë`m AmH«$_H$m§er Q>H$amXoUmè`m n§Om~Mr Vm|S> ^ê$Z àe§gm Ho$cr. {dgmì`m eVH$mV Vm[_iZmSy>VH$mhr _hm^mJ Amncr doJir Myc _m§S>Uma AmhoV Ago H$Xm{MV {ddoH$mZ§Xm§ZmOmUdco Agoc Va bmhmoa ^maVmV amhrc H$s Zmhr Aer e§H$mhr H$Xm{MVË`m§À`m hiì`m _Zmcm ñne©yZ Jocr Agoc. EH$ Z¸$s, cmhmoaÀ`m ^mfUmV


Ë`m§Zr Jwê$ ZmZH$ Vo Jwê$ JmoqdXqgh `m Jwéna§naocm d erI~m§Ydm§À`m~[cXmZmcm glÕ A{^dmXZ Ho$co. (6) ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m Aem qMVZerc_m§S>Ur_wioM ñdmV§Í`moÎma ^maVmV Vm_riZmSy>_Üò \w$Q>raVm ê$Ocr Zmhr dn§Om~_Yë`m I{cñVmZr Midircm ^maVmV Xþhr _mO{dÊ`mV è {_imcoZmhr. {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo d¡{eîQ>ç Ago H$s Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m qhXÿ g_mOmcm J«mgUmè`mg_ñ`m§Mm d C{Udm§Mmhr naIS> n§MZm_m Ho$cm Amho. CXmhaUmW©, EH$m ^mfUmVË`m§Zr g_moaÀ`m lmoË`m§Zm (Hw§$^H$moU_ ̀ oWo) gdmc Ho$cm-""Hw$Ur B§p½ce _mUygqhXÿ ZmJ[aH$mMm An_mZ H$arV Agoc Va Ë`mcm O~m~Xma H$moU Amho?'' nwT>oVoM ~mocyZ Joco. ""qhXÿ g_mOmVco CÀMdUu` Var X{cVm§Zm H$er dmJUyH$XoVmV `mda {dMma H$am; CÀMdUu` Agmc Va H$R>moa AmË_narjU H$am.''(7)

6 {ed^mdo Ord godm-Ho$ai_Ü ò àdmg H$aVmZm {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m cjmV Amco H$s {VWco X{cV

g_mOKQ>H$, gdU© ZmJ[aH$m§da Amncr gmdcr nSy> Z ò åhUyZ CÝhmVmÝhmVyZ,añË`mdê$Z niV OmVmZm S>mdrCOdrH$S>À`m gdUmªZm Xÿa gaÊ`mMr {dZ§VrH$aVmV... ""Amnco VÎdkmZ Am^mimcm {^S>Umao, nU Amnco dV©Z nmVmimcmJmR>Umao-'' `m eãXmV {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr hr ì`Wm ì`º${dcr Amho. ""Amncm XoeOUy nmJcImZm Pmcm`'' `m Ame`mMm A§Jmahr Ë`m§Zr H$mJXmda CVa{dcmAmho. {X. 20 Am°JñQ> 1893 `m {VWrg {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr AmcmqgJm noê$_ccmnmR>{dcoë`m nÌmV hm A§Jma H$gm àH$Q>cm` Ë`mMo à_mU ¿`m:- ""OJmVcmH$moUVmhr Y_©, qhXÿ Y_m©à_mUo Cƒ ñdamV _mUgmÀ`m à{VîR>oMr àe§gm JmVZmhr, AZ² OJmVcm AÝ` H$moUVmhr Y_© qhXÿ Y_m©à_mUo J[a~m§À`m d n{VVm§À`m_mZm _waJmiV Zmhr.'' (8)

AmnU Y_m©Mm {dH¥$V AW© cmdcm d gmjmV A_¥VnwÌmcm Añn¥í` g_OyZN>imMm ~ir Ho$co hr OmUrd {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zm ~oM¡Z H$arV Ago åhUyZM Ë`m§Zr""{ed^mdmZo {OdmMr godm H$am'' hm am_H¥$îU na_h§gm§Mm _§Ì gdmªZr öX`ñWH$amdm Agm gëcm ghH$mè`m§Zm {Xcm. `m Om{UdonmoQ>rM Ë`m§Zr Amnë`mam_H¥$îUml_mMo CX²~moYH$ Üò` eãX~Õ Ho$co. ""AmË_Zmo _m ojmW© OJV²{hVm`M&'' `m Om{UdoVyZM Ë`m§Zr AmajUVÎdmMm {Z:g§{X½Y nwañH$ma Ho$cm.Om{VàWo_wio Á`m Xþ~©cm§da dfm©Zwdf©o Kmoa AÝ`m` Pmco AmhoV Ë`m§À`mgmR>r


j{VnyVu ̂ oX^mdmMr {deof VaVyX Ho$cr nm{hOo hm {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mm AmJ«h hmoVm.(9)7 _hmË_mOtZm {dd oH$mZ§Xm §M o öX` H$ico-_hmË_m Jm§YrOtZm ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo öX` H$ico d Ë`m§Zr _wir

g_VoÀ`m, Ý`m`mÀ`m d _mUwgH$sÀ`m H$m ©̀dmhrgmR>r Xoeâ ^Q>H§$Vr Ho$cr,{d{dY CnH«$_m§Mr Omir {dUÊ`mVhr _hmË_mOtZr nwaonya cj KmVco. Ho$aiÀ`màdmgmV ñdm_rOtZr ""Amncm Xoe nmJcImZm Pmcm`'' Agm {dfmX ẁº$A§Jma ì`º${dcm hmoVm. åhUyZ Jm§YrOtZr Ho$ai_Yë`m Jwédm`ya _§{XamMrH$dmS>o gdmªZm Iwcr ìhmdrV ̀ mgmR>r {VWo OmD$Z R>mU _m§S>co. Ë`m§À`m à`ËZm§Zmè Amco d _§{XaàdoemMm _§Jc gmohim gZ 1936 _Ü ò nma nS>cm. nr.na_oœaZ `m §Zr ñdm_r {dd oH$mZ§Xm §À`m {dfmXmMm, Ë`mVyZ Pmcoë`mOZOmJ¥VrMm d eodQ>r Iwë`m Pmcoë`m Jwédm`ya _§{XamMm AmT>mdm KoUmaonwñVH$ {c{hco Amho. _ë`mir ^mfoV nmJcImÝ`mcm åhUVmV "^«mÝVmc`.'åhUyZ ̀ m nwñVH$mMo Zmd Amho: ""^«mÝVmc`mH$Sy>Z VrWm©c`mH$S>o.'' {ddoH$mZ§Xm§ZrÁ`mcm ^«mÝVmc` åhQ>co Vo eodQ>r VrWm©c` Pmco hm Ë`m§Mm Ðï>onUmM AmhoH$s Zmhr?

8 ór^«yUhË`m-gÜ`m Amnë`m XoemV ór^«yUhË`m§Mo à_mU dmT>co Amho. IoS>çmnmS>çmVco

AS>mUr OmoS>no A§YlÕonmoQ>r _wcJr OÝ_mcm òD$ Zò åhUyZ ór^«yUhË`mH$aÊ`mg V`ma hmoVo; nU _w§~mnwargma»`m _hmZJarVhr Cƒ{dÚm{d^y{fVXm§nË` hoM nmn H$aÊ`mg gagmdVo hr ŠcoeXm`H$ emoH$mpÝVH$m Amho. åhUOo_wcrcm OÝ_mcm òÊ`mnyduM _aUmÀ`m Xmar nmR>dm`Mo. Or OÝ_mcm òVo {Vcm"naŠ`mMr R>od' åhUyZ gmnËZ^md XmIdm`Mm. c¾ H$ê$Z Vr gmgar JocrMVa gmgaÀ`m _§S>itZr {Vcm "nwéfmÀ`m _mJm©Vcr Ym|S>' _mZm`Mo. Ho${dcdmUrór nwéfdJm©cm hmV OmoSy>Z gm§JVo` ""_cm R>od g_Oy ZH$m d Ymo§S>hr _mZyZH$m.... nU EH$ {OVmOmJVm Ord åhUyZ Var dmJdm'' ~mc{ddmh, hþ§S>m,Xþæ`_ XOm©Mr dV©UyH$ Aem H$¡H$ ~oS>çm AmOhr órcm Agø H$mM d OmM XoVAmhoV. ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr e§̂ a dfmªnydu órMr hr XþX©em g_OyZ KoVcr.""A_o[aHo$V cmoH$ {ó`m§Zm _mZVmV, åhUyZ Vmo Xoe àJ{VnWmda MmcV g_¥ÕPmcm`'' ho dmŠ` {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m 24 {S>g|~a 1894 À`m nÌmV Aja~Õ Pmco


Amho. Ë`mZ§Va gZ 1895 _Ü ò ~«÷mZ§Xm§Zm A_o[aHo$VyZM nmR>{dcoë`m nÌmVñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr {c{hco Amho:- ""AmO ^maVmV AmR> dfmªÀ`m H$modù`m_wctMm Vrg dfmªÀ`m nwéfm§er {ddmh hmoV Amho. Hw$Ur Aem {ddmhmg {damoYHo$cm Va ""Vwåhr Y_© ~wS>drV AmhmV'' Agm AmaS>mAmoaS>m Ho$cm OmVmo. dñVwV:Á`m§Zm Amnë`m _wcr d`mV òÊ`mnyduM _mVm Pmcoë`m nmhÊ`mMr KmB© PmcocrAmho, Am{U `mgmR>r Oo åhUo emñÌr` ñnï>rH$aUo XoV AmhoV Ë`m§Zm H$gcmAmcm Amho Y_©?'' {ddoH$mZ§Xm §Zr AY_m©cmM Y_© g_OUmè`m, ê$T>tZmH$dQ>miUmè`m, A§YlÕm§da {dg§~yZ X¡dmg_moa eaU OmUmè`m qhXþ_mÌmda H$moaS>oAmoT>co AmhoV. H$mc~mø ê$T>r Va "cdH$amV cdH$a _moS>rV H$mT>m,' hm YmoemM`m g§Ý`memZo cmdcm Amho, Ago cjmV òVo.(10)

9 {ejUmMm hŠH$-dV©_mZmV H|$Ð gaH$maZo {ejUmMm hŠH$ _mÝ` Ho$cm Amho d gd©{ejm

A{^`mZhr N>oS>co Amho. ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Ë`m§À`m OrdZH$mcmV ""gdmªZm{ejU Úm'' Agm AmJ«h Yacm hmoVm. ""AmnU {ejUmMr J§§Jm _moOŠ`mcmoH$m§n ª̀VM nmohmoM{dcr d åhUyZM Amncr XþX©em Pmcr`. AmVm Oa Mm[aÍ`KS>{dUmao, _mUgm_mUgmV {Z^©̀ Vm, H$éUm, gmpÎdH$Vm `m gX²JwUm§Mr {Z{_©VrH$aUmao {ejU AmnU VimJmimVë`m _mUgmn ª̀V nmhmooM{dco VaM Amnë`mXoemcm d¡^dmMo {Xdg nwÝhm àmá hmoVrc''- ho {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo {dMma AmOhrAmnUm§g nWàXe©H$ AmhoV. (nmhm:-Rousing Call to Hindu Nation, p.48)

10 ^m¡{VH$ gwYmaUm, gm §ñH ¥${VH$ AYm oJVr-ñdmV§Í`moÎma H$mimV Amnë`m XoemMr dmT> Pmcr, {dH$mg _mÌ Pmcm

Zmhr. åhUOo Q>mocoO§J B_maVr, cm§~é§X añVo, C§MM C§M nyc `m§Mr I¡amVPmcr. nU dmT>cocr g§nÎmr _yR>^a _mUgm§À`m hmVr EH$dQ>cr. cjmdYr Ord{^jmYre Pmco. _Ü`_dJ© dmT>cm nU Vmo {ZîH$éU hmoVmò , Ago ^` _ZmVAmho. n¡gm H$_{dUo ho Va EH$_od gmÜ` R>aco Amho. Cn^moJ{à`Vm, ñdÀN>§XVm,g§ñH¥${VhrZVm Aem {dH$mam§Zr _yi Yaë`mMo dV©_mZ Amho. `moJm`moJ åhUO oñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m {dcm`V dmarV B§½c§S>-A_o[aHo$Mr Zo_H$s AerM XemPmcr hmoVr. Voìhm `m àdmgmV {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr {Xcocr ^mfUo Ho$di {dcm`VrcmoH$m§gmR>rM Zìho, Va Vw_À`mAm_À`m dV©_mZmVë`m OrdZH«$_mgmR>rhr _m¡{cH$


_mJ©Xe©Z H$aUmar AmhoV.ñdm_rOtMo _mJ©Xe©Z H$go Am¡{MË`nyU© Amho nmhm- ""g_Om ^JdmZ òey

nwÝhm OÝ_mcm Amcm Va Ë`mcm ñdV:Mo dmQ>oc Ago KaHw$cM BWo AmT>iUmaZmhr!'' ""Vwåhr eoŠg{nAaÀ`m _MªQ> Am°\$ ìho{Zg ZmQ>H$mVë`m em°̀ cm°H$MoåhUOoM H§$Oyg, g§{YgmYy d {d{Y{ZfoYeyÝ` ì`dhma H$aUmè`m ñdmWu_hm^mJmMo AZẁ m`r ~Zcm AmhmV. S>m°cg© d nm¡ÊS> `m McZm§ZmM B©œa _mZyZ`m B©ídamÀ`m àmárgmR>r Vwåhr ^«ï>mMma H$aÊ`mghr gagmdVm, cmoH$m§Zm N>iyZcwQy>Z {_i{dcocm n¡gm Vwåhmcm h¡dmZ ~Z{dVmo ho cjmV R>odm. ñdÀN>§Xr ì`{º$JVM¡Z~mOr_wio Vwåhr Vw_MoM ZwH$gmZ H$ê$Z KoV AmhmV...''

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo ho _mJ©Xe©Z {H$Vr AZ_moc Amho! gÜ`m Amnë`mXoemV ñdÀN>§XVonm`r AmnU Amnë`mM OÝ_XmË`m§Zm {dgaVmo, Amnë`mKamVë`m _{hcm§Mr XméU Cnojm H$aVmo. ""Voìhm ñdV:EodOr Xþgè`mMm {dMmaH$am. Amnë`m Hw$Qw> §~ì`dñWoMr amIU H$am. H$éUmY_m©Mr CnmgZm H$am''Aer H¡$H$ {ddoH$mZ§X dMZo Vwåhm-Amåhmcm emœV gwImMo AmœmgZ XoUmarAmhoV.

Amnë`m amOH$s` ñdmV§Í`mMo g_¥ÕrV, gwIê$nVoV ê$nm§Va ìhmdo, hrMAmncr BÀN>m Amho. Voìhm AmnU ^maVmÀ`m amï>́OrdZmMr gX¡d H$miOr Ho$crnm{hOo. `m amï´> mVcm EH$mË_^md, `m amï´ >mVcr OrdZ_yë`o, BWcrñdmJVercVm `m Jmoï>tMr Oer AmnU H$miOr Ho$cr nm{hOo, VerM O{`îUyAm{U {dO`mH$m§jr amï>́{dMmamMrhr qMVm Ho$cr nm{hOo. Amnco emgH$ H$UIaAgmdoV. Ë`m§Zr g‚mZm§Zm Ý`m` {_idyZ {Xcm nm{hOo, Va Xoe~mø eÌy§erAm{U KamVë`m XheVdmÚm§er H$R>moa dmJyZ gd© dmVmdaUmda Oa~ ~g{dcrnm{hOo. ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr åhUyZM amï>́{dMmamMr XmoÝhr ê$no Amnë`mg_moa_m§S>cr AmhoV.

gZ 1991 nmgyZ ^maVmV "ImCOm' H$mcI§S> gwê$ Pmcm Amho.ImOJrH$aU, CXmarH$aU d OmJ{VH$sH$aU `m _§ÌmMm dV©_mZmV JOa gwê$Amho. nU hm JOa dmT>Ë`m {df_VoH$S>o, ^«ï>mMmamH$S>o, ZmË`mJmoË`mVë`m^m§S>dcemhrH$S>o åhUOo Crony Capitalism H$S>o S>moioPmH$ H$arV Amho. Á`mcmYZ H$_mdÊ`mMr j_Vm Amho Vmo ñdV:À`mM Yw§XrV d _ñVrV, M§JidmXmV


~wS>mcm Amho. `m dm ẁ_§S>cmV Jar~ {Odm§Mr X¡Zm H$moU {dMmamV KoUma? ñdm_r{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr EH$mo{Ugmì`m eVH$mÀ`m eodQ>À`m XeH$mV `m H$mimMm åhUOogÚ:pñWVrMm OUy doY KoVcm hmoVm. åhUyZM ""Km`c H$s J{V Km`c OmZo''Ago CX²Jma Ë`m§Zr A_o[aHo$cm OmÊ`mnydu ^maV^«_UmÀ`m eodQ>r H$mT>co.

10 {dd oH$mZ§X Xþgam Y_©amO-gZ 1897 À`m E{àc_Üò gImam_ JUoe XoD$ñH$a Ë`m§À`m n§Om~r

{_Ìmgh ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zm ôQ>co. Ë`m doir ^rfU XþîH$mi nS>cm hmoVm.åhUyZ ñdm_rOtZr XþîH$mi, XþîH$miJ«ñVm§Mo X¡Ý` `mdaM ~mocm`cm gwédmVHo$cr. ho ~mocUo EoHy$Z XoD$ñH$a d Ë`m§Mo {_Ì MH«$mdco..""Amåhm§cm dmQ>co hmoVo,BWo Vw_À`m CnpñWVrV AmÜ`mpË_H$ {df`mda Mm§Jcr MMm© hmoB©c. nU ñdm_rOr,Vwåhr Va doJimM gya cmdcmV.'' {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mr `m~m~VMr à{V{H«$`m {ZImcgg§ñ_aUr` Amho. ""H¥$n`m cjmV R>odm, `m XoemVcm EH$ Hw$ÌmXoIrc Omon ª̀V^wHo$cm Amho Vmon ª̀V H$moaS>çm AmÜ`mpË_H$ MM}cm H$mhrhr AW© Zmhr! ""XoD$ñH$ad Ë`m§Mo n§Om~r {_Ì `m XmoKm§Zm _hm^maVmVcr Y_©amOmMr H$hmUr AmR>dcrAgoc. Y_©amOmcm åhUOoM ẁ{Y{ð>amcm _aUmoÎma ñdJm©V àdoe H$aUo ghOeŠ` hmoV o. Ë`mÀ`mgmR>r ñdJm©Mo XadmOo CKS>Ê`mV Amco hm oV o; nU""_mÂ`m~amo~a BWn ª̀V Amcoë`m `m œmZmcmhr àdoe Úmc H$m; Am{U Ë`mcmhm àdoe ZmH$maUma Agmc Va _cmhr ñdJm©V òÊ`mMr BÀN>m Zmhr!'' hr hmoVrY_©dmUr. ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m ê$nmV {Z`VrZo Xþgam Y_©amOm nm{hcm Agmdm.""Oo H$m a§Oco Jm§Oco Ë`m§gr åhUo Omo Amnwco& Vmo{M gmYy AmoiImdm& XodVoWo{M OmUmdm&&'' ho dMZ ì`dhmamV CVa{dUmè`m ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Ho$dT>mCXmÎm AmXe© Vw_À`m-_mÂ`mg_moa gmXa Ho$cm`.

{X. 20 OyZ 1894 `m {Xder ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr OwZmJS>Mo {XdmUOrh[aXmg XogmB© `m§Zm CÔoeyZ {c{hcoë`m nÌmV Amnco amï>́{df`H$ _ZmoJVì`º$ Ho$co Amho. Vo Ago:

""Amnco Iao amï>́ PmonS>rV amhV Amho. Ë`m§Zm "AmnU _mUyg AmhmoV'`mMmM {dga nS>cm`. Ho$dT>r K¥UmñnX dmJUyH$ AmnU Ë`m§Zm {Xcr Amho.^maVmV qhXÿ, _wgc_mZ d {¼üZ Aem gd© amOdQ>t_Üò PmonS>nÅ>rdmgrnm`Xir VwS>{dco Joco AmhoV. AmVm Var Ë`m§Zm PwH$Ë`m _mnmZo {ejU Úm,


amoOJma Úm.''gZ 1897 À`m 30 Owc¡g AI§S>mZ§Xm §Zm {c{hcoë`m nÌmV ñdm_r

{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr'' ñdV:À`m XohmMr V_m Z ~miJVm X[aÐZmam`UmMr godm H$amdr''Agm CëcoI Ho$cm d nwT>o AmUIr __©J«mhr dmŠ` {c{hco:""It is better towear out than to rust out. (J§OyZ OmÊ`mnojm {POyZ _aUo A{YH$ lò ñH$aAmho!)

^m½`d§Vm§Zr A^mJr, hV^mJr ~§Yŵ {JZtgmR>r {Zanoj ^mdZoVyZ ghH$m ©̀H$amdo ho {ddoH$mZ§XàUrV _mJ©Xe©Z {dÚ_mZ "ImCOm' H$mcI§S>mV {Z:g§e`cmI_mocmMo Amho.

ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§À`m Ðï>onUmMo Ago H¡$H$ nwamdo AmhoV åhUyZM AmnU`m Acm¡{H$H$ _hm_mZdmcm CÔoeyZ åhUVmo: ""VwÂ`mg_{M Am_wMr VZw{hXoeH$m`r© nS>mo!''

12 Amncm gm§ñH ¥${VH$ dmagm-AmVmMo nmíMmÎ` OJ Am{U Ë`mVco {dMmad§V Ë`m§Zr {Z_m©U Ho$cocm

gm_m{OH$, Am{W©H$, gm§ñH¥${VH$, amOH$s` n°Q>Z© hmM AmYw{ZH$ n°Q>Z© Amho Agogm§JV AgVmV Am{U VoM Joë`m nÞmg dfm©nmgyZ Am{W©H$ÑîQ>çm AmKmS>rdaAmhoV. nU Ë`m§Mr hr Am{W©H$ àJVr gm§ñH¥${VH$ AY:nVZmMr qH$_V XoD$ZgmYcr Jococr Amho. Vo Ë`m§Mr gm§ñH¥${VH$ g§nXm g§ndyZ Am{W©H$ àJVrÀ`m_mJo cmJco AmhoV. g_mO Am{U Hw$Qw> §~o ho _mUgm- _mUgmVco ~§Y {Z_m©UH$aUmao _w»` AmYma AgVmV. nU `m XmoZ g§ñWm§Mo, AmYmamMo H$m` PmcoAmho? Hw$Qw>§~ ì`dñWm {d^º$ Pmcr Amho. _mUyg gm_m{OH$ Z amhVm VwQ>H$nUoOJV Amho. Ë`m§Mr O~m~Xmar gaH$mada Q>mH$Ê`mV Amcr Amho. gaH$maì`º$scm gmYZ åhUyZ dmJdV Amho. Ë`mMm n[aUm_ gm§ñH¥${VH$ AY:nVZmVPmcm Amho. Hw$Q>§w~mMo na§namJV ñdê$n ~XcyZ {ddmh Z H$aVm EH$Ì amhUmarXm§nË ò åhUOo {cìh BZ [acoeÝg, qgJc noa|Q> hmD$ghmoëS>g², EH$mH$s ì`º$sM̈rKao, {ddmhnyd© _mV¥Ëd Aem {H$VrVar g_ñ`m {Z_m©U Pmë`m AmhoV. `mgm§ñH¥${VH$ nVZmZo gwédmVrcm Var Am{W©H$ àJVrcm hmV^ma cmJcm.

A_o[aHo$V Aem arVrZo gm§ñH¥${VH$ ^m§S>dc g§nwï>mV Amë`m_wio Ho$diKam§Mr g§»`mM dmT>cr Ago Zmhr Va IM©hr dmT>co. Hw$Qw>§~mMr Am{U XoemMrhr


~MV KQ>cr. cmoH$ H$O©~mOmar Pmco. `m H$mogiUmè`m Hw$Qw> §~m§Mo Odinmgamï>́r`rH$aUM Pmco. gaH$maZo Ë`m§Mr O~m~Xmar ñdrH$macr. Hw$Qw>§~mZo Aìhoacoco~oH$ma VéU, Xþ~io bmoH$, d¥Õ `m gJù`m§Mr {Oå_oXmar gaH$mada nS>cr.~MVrMo KQ>coco à_mU Am{U hr O~m~Xmar Ë`m_wio gaH$ma _oQmHw$Q>rg Amco.gaH$maZo AmYr cmoH$m§Mr JaO nyU© Ho$cr. Z§Va gaH$maZo Ë`m§Mr BÀN>m nwarHo$cr. Am{U AmVm gaH$ma Ë`m§Mr _mJUr nyU© H$arV Amho. Voìhm bmoH$m§Zm IyfH$aUo, hoM gaH$maMo H$m_ hmoD$Z ~gco. Ë`mVyZ AmnU cmoH$m§Zm ^«ï> H$aVAmhmoV `mMrhr OmUrd gaH$macm am{hcocr Zmhr. cmoH$ H$_r ñdV§Ì PmcoAm{U gaH$mada OmñVrV OmñV Adc§~yZ amhm`cm bmJco.

_hm^maVmV H§$gmMo àOmOZ Ë`mÀ`mnojm g§V_hmËå`m§À`m Amkmnmim`cm cmJco Voìhm H§$gmZo ~hþH$mcm, `m cmoH$m§da Amncr hþH$y_V H$eràñWm{nV H$amdr, Agm àíZ {dMmacm. ~hþH$mZo H§$gmcm gëcm {Xcm,

""`m g§Vm§Zm Am{U _hmËå`m§Zm CX²ÜdñV H$aÊ`mMm EH$M _mJ© Amho.Amnë`m W¡ë`m§Mr Vm|S>o cmoH$m§gmR>r _moH$ir H$am, Ë`m§Zm ImUo-{nUo Am{U _OmH$aÊ`mg àd¥Îm H$am. Ë`m§Mr Hw$Qw>§~o _moS>m, ~m`H$m§Zm {eH$dm H$s AmZ§Xmnojm_moR>o H$mhr Zmhr. nm{dÍ`, ewÕVm hm ~H$dmg Amho. chmZ _wcm§Zm, Ë`m§MoAmB©-dS>rc Hw$MH$m_r AmhoV ho {eH$dm. cmoH$ EH$Xm A{Z~ªY _m¡O_Ooda{dídmg R>odm`cm cmJco H$s Vo Mm§Jë`mcm dmB©Q> åhUm`cm cmJVrc. VoH$V©ì`, Y_©, Vn, ào_, lÕm Aem Jmoï>r ~mocUmè`m§Mr Hw$Moï>m H$am`cmcmJVrc. EH$Xm _Ú dmhm`cm bmJco H$s g§`_mMo ~m§Y VwQ>Vrc. _mUgo_|T>nmimH$Sy>Z didë`m OmUmè`m _|T>amgmaIr dmJm`cm bmJVrc. Vwåhr OoH$mhr H$amc Vo _wH$mQ>nUo ghZ H$am`cm cmJVrc. Vwåhr Ë`m§Zm cmWm KmcmnU Vo CnH$ma Pmco Ago åhUVrc.''

A_o[aH$m Am{U nmíMmÎ` Xoem§V ì`{º$ñdmV§Í`mÀ`m Zmdmda hoM KS>coAmho. Ë`m§À`m g§ñH¥$VrZo cmoH$m§Zm Ë`m§À`m Hw$Qw>§~m§nmgyZ ñdV§Ì ~Zdco Iao nUgaH$maÀ`m nmaV§Í`mV AmUyZ Q>mH$co Amho. Amncm g_mO _mÌ `m ~m~VrVñdV§Ì Amho. Amncr g§ñH¥$Vr {Q>H$dcr Jocr Amho. Hw$Qw>§~ g§ñWm ^¸$_ Amho. hoIao. nU Amnë`mhr g§ñH¥$VrÀ`m H$mhr joÌmV Amnë`m AOmU ~w{ÕdmXm_wionmíMmÎ` g§ñH¥$VrMo AZwH$aU H$aÊ`mMr àd¥Îmr dmT>V Amho Am{U Ë`m_wio Amnë`m


gm§ñH¥${VH$ èhmgmMm YmoH$m {Z_m©U Pmcm Amho åhUyZ Amncm gm§ñH¥${VH$ R>odmOVZ Ho$cm nm{hOo. VmoM Amncm gm_m{OH$ R>odm hmoB©c.

AmnU A_o[aH$m Am{U nmíMmÎ` XoemVyZ g§ñH¥$VrMr Am`mV H$am`cmcmJcmo Va Amnco hoM gm§ñH¥${VH$ g§{MV YmoŠ`mV `oUma Amho. n[aUm_rgm_m{OH$ Am{U Am{W©H$ R>odmhr OmoI_rÀ`m nmVirda òUma Amho. hr Am`mVWm§~yZ {Z`m©V gwê$ Pmcr nm{hOo. ^maVmVyZ nmíMmÎ` XoemV g§ñH¥$Vr Jocrnm{hOo. ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Aer {Z`m©V Pmcr VaM ho OJ {dZmemnmgyZ~Mmdoc Ago åhQ>co Amho. AZm°ëS> Q>m °`Z~r Am{U {dc S>çwam§Q> `m§Zrhrñdm_rOtÀ`m `m ^m{H$Vmcm XþOmoam {Xcm Amho. (11)

13 ^maV gmè`m OJmMm Jwê$-Ho$di gm§ñH¥${VH$Ñï>çm geº$ Am{U {Od§V ^maVM OJmcm em§Vr Am{U

EH$moß`mMm g§Xoe XoD$ eHo$c ho gm§JVmZm Q>m°`Z~r åhUVmV,""AmVm EH$ Jmoï> ñnï> hmoV Amho H$s, _mZdVoÀ`m B{VhmgmVcm Omo

AÜ`m` nmíMmÎ` XoemV gwê$ Pmcm hmoVm Vmo {dÜd§gmV g§nm`Mm Zgoc VaË`mMm eodQ> ^maVr` Agmdm cmJoc. `m B{VhmgmVë`m _hmYmoH$mXm`H$jUmcm, nwamVZ qhXÿ OrdZ_mJ© hmM EH$_od gwQ>Ho$Mm Cnm` Amho. `mOrdZ_mJm©VM _mZdmZo EH$Ì OJÊ`mMm Am{U nm[adm[aH$ d¥ÎmrZo amhÊ`mMmÑ{ï>H$moZ Amho.''

hrM ^mdZm ì`º$ H$aVmZm A_o[aH$s B{VhmgH$ma {dc S>çwam§Q> åhUVmo,"{h_mc` nd©VmMm AS>ga AgVmZmhr ^maVmZo Amåhmcm ì`mH$aU,

VH©$emñÌ, VÎdkmZ, Zr{VH$Wm, g§_mohZ, ~w{Õ~i `m{edm` A§H$emó Am{UXem§e nÕVr Aem {H$Vr Var XoU½`m {Xcoë`m AmhoV. Vgo åhUmc Va ^maVmZoAmåhmcm `m Á`m Jmoï>r {Xë`m AmhoV Ë`m AÜ`mË_mÀ`m XoUJrÀ`m VwcZoV{dMma Ho$cm AgVm {H$aH$moi AmhoV. Iar XoUJr Va Vr Amho Or Amåhr ̂ {dî`mV^maVmH$Sy>Z KoUma AmhmoV, {eH$Uma AmhmoV. hm ^maV Xoe Amåhmcm {dO`,Am¡ÕË` Am{U {dÜd§g `m§À`m ~Xë`mV g{hîUwVm, n[anŠd$_ZmMm _dminUm,AmpË_H$ g_mYmZ, M¡VÝ` eº$sMo AmH$cZ Am{U gd© OrdÝ_mÌm§{df`rMo_¡ÌrnyU©, àem§V, JmT> ào_ XoUma Amho.' Q>m°̀ Z~r (1888 Vo 1975) Am{U S>çyam§Q>(1885 Vo 1981) ho XmoKohr g_H$mcrZ hmoVo. ̂ maVmÀ`m B{VhmgmVrc V_mo ẁJmVhr


Ë`mMm OJX²Jwê$ åhUyZ hmoUmam CX` Amnë`m ^{dî`Xeu Ñï>tZr ~KUmaoñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X Á`m ^mfoV ~mocV hmoVo Ë`mM ^mfoV ho XmoKo ~mocV hmoVo.gÜ`mÀ`m H$mimV `m nwamVZ ^maVdfm©Mo hoM Ü ò̀ Amho. ^maV gmè`m OJmMmJwê$ hmoUma Ago ho XmoKohr _mZV hmoVo. `mMm AW© ^maVmMm hm AmÜ`mpË_H$CX` Ho$di ̂ maVmÀ`mM Zmhr Va gmè`m {dídmÀ`m {hVmMm Amho, Ago nm{ü_mË`{dMmad§VgwÕm _mÝ` H$arV AmhoV ho Z¸$s!

************


g§X^ ©1)Romain Rolland, The Life of Vivekananda (kolkata,

2009), P. P. 92-932) nhm: Jagmohan, "Vivekananda's Influence on

American Thoughts" In Eternal India (New Delhi),April 2011, P.11

3) VÌ¡d, nmZ 18.4) nhm: Selection from Swami Vivekananda

(Calcutta, 1981), P. 192, P. 2105) VÌ¡d, P. 2796) nhm: ghòH$mMr hmH$ (nwUo, 2007), nmZ 1397) nhm: ViQ>rn H«$. 4, nmZ 2078) nhm: O India! Wake up! (Chennai, 2006),

P.279) nhm: ViQ>rn H«$. 4, nmZ 28510) XÎmàgmX Xm^moiH$a, ""emoY ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mm''

(nwUo, 2010), nmZ 11911) ""Amncm gm§ñH¥${VH$ dmagm'' co{IH$m ~r {Zdo{XVm ({ddoH$ {dMma

OmZodmar 2013) {ddoH$mZ§X H|$Ð gmocmnya n¥ð> H«$. 45, 46, 47, 48AZwdmX-AaqdX Omoer.


àH$aU-3{dœ{dO`r ^mfU

1 {~ «{Q>e H$mañWmZ-ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo {dMma g_OyZ KoÊ`mgmR>r EH$mo{Ugmì`m eVH$mVco

{~«{Q>e H$mañWmZ cjmV KoVco nm{hOo.1893 _Ü`o ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§ZrA_o[aHo$V {dœ{dO`r ̂ mfU Ho$co, qhXþamï>́mMr d qhXwY_m©Mr _hVr A_o[aH$Zm§ZmnQ>dyZ {Xcr.gZ 1857 _Yo ^maVmZo {~«{Q>em§À`m {damoYmV n{hco ñdmV§Í` ẁÕN>oS>co Voìhm PmerMr amUr cú_r~mB©, ZmZmgmho~ noedo, VmË`m Q>mono, {~hmaMoHw§$daqgh ho ñdmV§Í`goZmZr Y_©ajUmÀ`m n{dÌ hoVyZoM aUjoÌmV CVaco. VoìhmgyS>mÀ`m ^mdZonmoQ>r {~«{Q>em§Zr AJ{UV ^maVr`m§À`m H«y$a H$Îmcr Ho$ë`m. XþX£dmZo^maVmMm `m ñdmV§Í``wÕmV nam^d Pmcm d BWo A^yVnyd© _aJi ngacr.{~«{Q>em§Zr Ë`mZ§Va A{YH$ CËgmhmZo ~w{Õ^oX gwê$ Ho$cm. n[aUm_V: ImgH$ê$Z {eH$cm gdacocm ^maVr` ZmJ[aH$ Amnë`mM Y_m©cm d g§ñH¥$Vrcm{eì`m Kmcy bmJcm. gd©gm_mÝ` ZmJ[aH$ H$mc~mø éT>tÀ`mg_moa eaUJocm, X¡ddmXr ~Zcm, A§YlÕ ~Zcm.

"AY_©_ ² Y_©{_{V `m _Ý`Vo V_gmd ¥Vm& gdm ©Wm ©Z ² {dnarVm §ü~w{Õ: gm nmW© Vm_gr&&'

`m ícmoH$mMr ^maVdfm©Zo nyU© àMrVr KoVcr. åhUOo Amåhr AY_m©cmMY_© g_OyZ A§YmamV ~wS>cmo, {dnarV dV©_mZmÛmao V_moJwUmcmM H$dQ>miyZ~gcmo. `m Aem nmíd©̂ y_rda ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo OrdZH$m ©̀ {dcjU à^mdrR>aco. ñdm_rOtZr "{~«{Q>em§À`m ZmXr cmJyZ Amnë`m Y_m©cm, g§ñH¥$Vrcm {eì`mKmcy ZH$m' Agm CnXoe Ho$cm.

2 Amåhr n wÌ A_¥VmMo-AmnU àmMrZ H$mimnmgyZ qhXwamï>́ åhUyZ YraJ§^ra dmQ>Mmc H$arV

AmhmoV, Hw$UmÀ`m Var {damoYmV AWdm à{V{H«$`m åhUyZ Amnco amï>́ OÝ_mcmAmco Zmhr, Va EHo$H$ _mUyg A_¥VnwÌ Amho ho OJmcm gm§JÊ`mgmR>r,


_mUgm_mUgmVco XodËd OmJ{dÊ`mgmR>r qhXþamï´> CX` nmdco, Amnµë`mgd©g_mdoeH$, ñdmJVerc, CXma _Zmod¥Îmr_wioM AmnU H¡$H$ n§Wmonn§Wm§Zm,_Zwî`g_yhm§Zm Amnë`m amï´>mV g_m{dï> H$ê$ eH$cmo, nU ÛofmMo, qhgoMoamjgr dV©Z H$aUmè`m Xþî_Zm§Zm _mÌ AÔc KS>{dcr, {dO`mH$m§jm ~miJyZË`m§À`mer cT>m`m H$aÊ`mV AmnU ^yfU _mZco. gmam§e g{hîUw d O{`îUwVgoM gd©g_mdoeH$ nU àg§Jr ì`mdV©H$ Am{U AmH«$_H$ Aem XmoÝhr ê$nm§_YyZAmnU {dH$mgnWmda dmQ>Mmc H$arV am{hcmo' Aer _m§S>Ur ñdm_rOtZr ñdÀN>eãXm_Yo Ho$cr.

`m amï´>mcm nwZü EH$g§K ~Z{dco nm{hOo `mMr {ZH$S> cjmV KoD$ZÛ¡Vr, AÛ¡Vr, e¡d, d¡îUd, Am ©̀, AZm ©̀...Aem gd© ̂ oX^mdm§Zm Ëd[aV {Vcm§Ocr{Xcr nm{hOo hm ñdm_rOtMm AmJ«h hmoVm. AmnU Oa Ym[_©H$Vm åhUOoAmÜ`mpË_H$Vm Oncr Va ho ^oX^md Z¸$sM g§nwï>mV AmUVm `oVrc hogm§{JVë`mZ§Va ñdm_rOr Y_© åhUOo {d{eï> CnmgZmn§W AWdm g§àXm` Zmhrho AmdO©yZ cjmV AmUyZ XoVmV. _mUgm_mUgmV B©œaËd Amho, hm Amncm{gÕm§ÝV ì`dhmamV CVa{dUo åhUOo Y_© ho g_rH$aU ñdm_rOr AmJ«hmZo_m§S>VmV.

'The Mission of the Vedanta' `m erf©H$mÀ`m ^mfUmV {ddoH$mZ§Xm§ZrImg H$ê$Z gdU© qhXÿ§Zm AmË_narjU H$aÊ`mMm gëcm {Xcm Amho. "B§p½ce_mUgo Amnë`mcm YS> dmJUyH$ XoV ZmhrV Aer VH«$ma H$aUo ì`W© Amho. VwåhrVar gd©gm_mÝ` qhXþ_mÌmer ZrQ> dmJVm H$m? Vw_À`m nyd©Om§Zr X{cVm§Zm,n{VVm§Zm An_mZmñnX dmJUyH$ {Xcr d n[aUm_V: ho XrZ Xþ~io Ord AmncrApñ_Vm KmcdyZ ~gco, ñdV:cmM nmaIo Pmco ho {dgê$ ZH$m. Ý`m`mZo Am{U_mUwgH$sZo dmJm.

Ho$di qhXw_mÌmerM Zìho, Va gd©gm_mÝ` _wgc_mZmer, {¼üZmer,Hw$Umhr AqhXÿer dmJVmZm AmnU Ý`m`mZo, _mUwgH$sZo dmJco nm{hOo hrñdm_rOtMr {eH$dU Amho. "Amnë`m nyd©Om§Zr _wgc_mZm§gmR>r d {¼íMZm§gmR>ràmW©Zm _§{Xao ~m§YyZ {Xcr ho cjmV R>odm.' hm CëcoI Ho$ë`m~amo~a {ddoH$mZ§XH$m` gm§JVmV Vo BWo CX²Y¥V H$aÊ`mOmoJo Amho. "Vwåhr g_Om naXoemV JocmVd _wgc_mZm§Zm AWdm BVa n§{W`m§Zm Vw_À`mgmR>r _§{Xao ~m§YyZ Úm Aer {dZ§Vr


Ho$crV Va Ë`m§Mm à{VgmX H$m` Agoc? Vo Vw_Mr _§{Xao nmS>Vrc d H$Xm{MVVw_Mmhr _wS>Xm nmS>Vrc.'

3 H oed§ à{VJÀN>{V-ñdm_rOtZr ̀ mZ§Va Ho$coco {ddoMZ Añgc qhXÿ aº$mMr A{^ì`º$s H$aUmao

Amho. "AmnU Ho$di g{hîUy ZgyZ ñdmJVerc d g§doXZerc AmhmoV, hm AmncmqnS> Amho d åhUyZM {ed_{håZñVmoÌmV ^JdmZ e§H$amcm AmnU gm§JVmo "OmoVmo Á`mÀ`m Ë`mÀ`m éMrà_mUo AmdS>rà_mUo nyOmAM©Zm H$aVmo, nU AmH$memVyZH$gohr nS>Umao nmUr eodQ>r g_wÐmVM {dcrZ hmoVo, VÛV Hw$Ur H$erhr nyOmH$amo, Vr VwÂ`mM MaUr eaU OmVo.

dV©_mZmVco gmao qhXþËd{Zð> hrM ^y{_H$m ~miJV AmhoV. Hw$UmhrqhXþËd{Zð>mcm n§WamÁ` _mÝ` Zmhr, EH$mM n§WmMo cmoH$ XoemV amhmdoV hr^y{_H$mhr _mÝ` Zmhr.

ñdm_r {dd oH$mZ§Xm §Mm CnXoe Z¸$sM AZwH$aUr` Amho. AmncrñdmJVerc, g§doXZerc ^y{_H$m Oncr nm{hOo, g{hîUw d¥ÎmrZo gd©g_mdoeH$~ZyZ AmnU dmQ>Mmc Ho$cr nm{hOo, nU _J AqhXÿ§Zrhr AgmM à{VgmX {Xcmnm{hOo. ^maVmV Ë`m§Zr Hw$Umhr qhXþ_mÌmcm H$m\$sa g_Oy Z ò hr AmnU AnojmR>odUo J¡a Amho H$m?

gmam§e, g{hîUy d O{`îUy Aem XmoÝhr ê$nm§Mm AmnU C{MV ñdrH$maHo$cm nm{hOo, Omo Hw$Ur XrZXþ~im Agoc Ë`mcm Y_©-n§W {dgê$Z {Zanoj{Oìhmim {Xcm nm{hOo. "^maVr` ^yËdm ^maV§ ^OoV' hoM ñdm_rOtMo _mJ©Xe©ZAmho qH$~hþZm Ago _mJ©Xe©Z H$aÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zr Amnco gmao Am ẁî` ì`VrVHo$co. qhXÿ§à_mUo AqhXÿ§Zrhr ñdm_rOtMo ho OrdZH$m ©̀ g_OyZ ¿`mdo Am{U^maVmcm nwZü d¡̂ demcr ~Zdmdo.

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àH$aU-4ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X Am{U ^maVr` ñdmV§Í`

1 n{hë`m ñdmV§Í` `wÕmZ§VaMr _aJi g_mágZ 1857 _Ü ò ^maVmÀ`m ñdmV§Í`cT>çmMr AmJ n{hë`m§XmM XoeñVamda

noQ>cr. Ë`mZ§Va WoQ> gZ 1947 n ª̀V hr AmJ gX¡d Yw_gVM am{hcr. ñdm_r{dd oH$mZ§Xm §À`m {dMmam §Zr `m g§X^m©V H$m` `m oJXmZ H o$co Am{UñdmV§Í`àmárZ§Vahr ho {dMma H$moUVo _mJ©Xe©Z H$arV AmhoV `mMm emoY KoUo{ZVm§V Amdí`H$ Amho. dmñV{dH$ nmhVm ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo H$m ©̀ AmÜ`mpË_H$joÌmVco hmoVo. nU ^maVmÀ`m B{VhmgmV Zoh_rM AmÜ`mpË_H$ d gm§ñH¥${VH$Midir amOH$r` MiditÀ`m AJ«XÿVmMr ^y{_H$m ~OmdVmV. ñdm_rOtMo H$m ©̀`m Ñï>rZo Va _hÎdmMo R>aco AmhoM. Amncm Y_©, Amncr g§ñH¥$Vr, Amnë`mMmcrarVr `m gdmªZm AmnU Xmof XoD$ cmJcmo. {~«{Q>e gaH$maÀ`m nwT>mH$mamZo{¼íMZ {_eZè`m§Zr `m dmVmdaUmMm nwaonya cm^ CR>{dcm. åhUOo _mZ{gH$,Am{W©H$, amOH$s` emofU ^maVmÀ`m _mZJwQ>rda ~gco. `m Aem dm ẁ_§S>cmV^maVmMo ^md{dœ {H$Vr ^ì` Amho ho OJmcm gà_mU gm§JÊ`mMr {ZH$S> hmoVr.ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr hr {ZH$S> nyU© Ho$cr. EH$mo{Ugmì`m eVH$mÀ`m eodQ>À`mXeH$mV ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr A_o[aH$m d B§½c§S> -\«$mÝg dJ¡ao XoemV XmoZàdmg Ho$co. ""Am_Mm Y_© `ÀM`mdV g¥ï>rcm na_oï>rMm Am{dîH$ma _mZVmo dåhUyZ OJmVco gd© _mZd_mÌ Am_À`mer Ho$di ~§Yw^mdZoZo Zìho, VaAmË_^mdZoZo OmoS>coco AmhoV. Amåhr gd© n§Wm §Zm, g§àXm`m§Zm EH$mMB©eVÎdmH$S>o OmÊ`mMo _mJ© _mZVmo d åhUyZ Ûof, _Ëga dJ¡ao ^md gd©WmË`mÁ` AmhoV hm Am_Mm {ZîH$f© Amho, '' dJ¡ao {dMmam§Mr _m¡{º$Ho$ ñdm_r{ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr ẁamoA_o[aH$Zm§g_moa àñVwV Ho$cr. `m_wio OJmÀ`m Ñ{ï>H$moZmVyZg§nyU© ^maVdf© Jm¡admh© ~Zcm, gÝ_mZZr` ~Zcm. ho {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo `moJXmZAZÝ`gmYmaUM åhQ>co nm{hOo. ^maV ho A{VàmMrZ amï´> Amho Am{U


àmMrZH$mimnmgyZ `m amï>́mZo OJmcm AÜ`mË_ {eH${dco Amho, g_Ýd`mMmd ñdmJVercVoMm _§Ì {eH${dcm Amho, Aer {ddoH$mZ§X-dmUr ^maVr`ZmJ[aH$m§Zm Ho$dT>r {Ma§VZ ñ\y$Vu XoD$ eH$cr, ho eãXmV _m§S>Uo gd©Wm AeŠÀmho. `mM dra g§Ý`mí`mZo {h_mc`mnmgyZ H$Ý`mHw$_marn ª̀V g§nyU© ^maVdfm©VEH$mË_Vm Amho, EH$M g§ñH¥$Vr d EH$M gä`Vm `m amï>́mV AZm{XH$mimnmgyZZm§XV Amho, ho g_J« ^maVdfm©Mr `mÌm H$ê$Z BWë`m g§Vm§Zm nQ>dyZ {Xco.AÜ`mË_mÀ`m ZmOyH$ aoer_ Ym½`m§Zr ^maVmMo OrdZ AI§S> {dUco Joco Amho.`mMm gmjmËH$ma EH$Xm Pmë`m~amo~a amOH$s` joÌmVhr AZmoIo M¡VÝÀZŵ dmg Amco.

2 ñdm_rOtMm JrVoVrc {à` ûcm oH$-ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo d¡{eï>` Ago H$s Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m qhXþamï>́mcm {Z^©̀ ,

nwéfmWu ~Z{dco. Ë`m§Mm O{`îUy d {dO`mH$m §jr amï´>{dMma ^maVmÀ`mñdmV§Í`cT>çmcm {Z:g§e` CnH$maH$ R>acm. CXmhaUmW©, "lr_X²̂ JdX²JrVoVcmH$moUVm ûcmoH$ Vwåhmcm {deof {à` Amho?' Agm àíZ {dMmacm Joë`mdañdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Oo CÎma {Xco Vo g§ñ_aUr` Amho. "^JdmZ lrH¥$îUmZoAOw©Zmcm gm§{JVco, Šc¡ã`§ _m ñ_ J_: nmW©, Z¡VV² Ëdæ`wnnÚVo& jwÐ§öX`Xm¡~©ë`§ Ë`ŠËdmo{Îmð> na§Vn&& hm ûcmoH$ Ë`m§Zr EoH${dcm d hmM ûcmoH$_cm _ZmnmgyZ AmdS>Vmo'' ̀ m Ame`mMo ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Mo CÎma {H$Vr __©J«mhrAmho. ""AOw©Zm, Vwcm Z emoÛmao Znw§gH$Ëd gmoSy>Z Xo, jwÐ Xþ~©cVoMm Ë`mJH$a. H$maU Vy n¥Ww H$wimV OÝ_mcm Amhog (Vy nmW© Amhog). Vy naŠ`m eÌycmVmn XoÊ`mgmR>r OÝ_cm Amhog...'' ho Va {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr gm§{JVcoM, nU \o$~«wdmar1893 _Ü ò MoÞB©À`m g_wÐ{H$Zmè`mda Oo {eî`JU EH$Ì Amco hmoVo, Ë`m§Zm{edmOramOmÀ`m cmoH${dcjU namH«$_mMr JmWm Ë`m§Zr EoH$dcr. _wpñc_AmH«$_H$m§À`m Xþï> H$mañWmZm§Zm Amnë`m nyd©Om§Zr nam^yV Ho$co, hm B{VhmgB§½c§S>-A_o[aHo$VyZ naVë`mda ñdm_rOtZr gJù`m§Zm g_OmdyZ gm§{JVcm._¥Ë ỳnydu EH$ df© AJmoXa 30 _mM© 1901 `m {Xder {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zm ho_M§Ð Kmofd Ë`m§Mo ghH$mar ôQ>m`cm Amco. Voìhm Va ñdm_rOtZr gigiË`m aº$mÀ`m`m ẁdH$m§Zm ""PmerÀ`m amUr cú_r~mB©nmgyZ ñ\y$Vu ¿`m'' Agm CnXoe Ho$cm."OZZr OÝ_^y{_ü ñdJm©X{n Jar`gr' hr n§º$s öX²nQ>cmda H$moê$Z R>odm' Agohr


_mJ©Xe©Z Voìhm {ddoH$mZ§Xm§Zr Ho$co.amo_m± amocm± `m§Moo ^mî` e§̂ a Q>¸o$ Iao Amho. ^{JZr {Zdo{XVm `m§Zr Va

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ñdm r {ddoH$mZ§X: {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm òmoV€¦ · 4 ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X: {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm...

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Transcript of ñdm r {ddoH$mZ§X: {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm òmoV€¦ · 4 ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X: {Ma§VZ M¡VÝ`mMm...