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Farrukh Protiva by: Professor Muhammad Matiur Rahman,

President, Farrukh Gobeshona Foundation. Published by Morshed

Alam, Jatio Grontho Prokashon, Price : Taka ........., US$ 10.00.


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AvZ¥vi gvMwdivZ Kvgbv KiwQ|


10.09.2017

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Bmjvgx †i‡bmuvi Kwe wnmv‡e L¨vZ diiæL Zuvi Kve¨-KweZvq mivmwi

Bmjv‡gi K_v DPviY K‡ibwb| cÖZxK I iƒcK‡íi gva¨‡g wZwb Zuvi

•ewkó¨c~Y© Kve¨-fvlvq, AmvaviY Kve¨-KzkjZvq †h ewjó fve I Av‡e`b

dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb, Zv Bmjv‡gi e¨Äbv‡KB cÖg~Z© K‡i †Zv‡j| GLv‡bB Zuvi

Abb¨mvaviY K…wZZ¡ I we¯§qKi Kve¨-cÖwZfvi gwnggq AZy¨¾¡j cÖKvk|

AvaywbK evsjv Kve¨ gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë (1824-73) †_‡K mg~ZM

n‡q iex‱`ªbv_ VvKz‡i (1861-1941) G‡m cwiYZiƒc jvf K‡i‡Q| KvRx

bRi  j Bmjv‡g (1899-1976) Zv bZzb evuK wb‡q‡Q| fve-welq, fvlv-

e¨Äbvq bRi  j-Kve¨ GK Awfbe Awfe¨Äbv jvf K‡i‡Q| iex‱`ªbv_ I

bRi  j Bmjv‡gi mgKv‡jB cvðvZ¨ Kve¨v`‡k© AbycÖvwYZ wZwi‡ki Kweiv

evsjv Kv‡e¨ Av‡iK bZzb myi I AbyiYb m„wó K‡i‡Qb| wZwi‡ki D¾¡jZg

Kwe‡ì g‡a¨ Rxebvb‱` `vm (1899-1954), myax‱`ªbv_ `Ë (1901-61),

Awgq PµeZ©x (1901-86), †cÖ‡g‱`ª wgÎ (1904-88), ey×‡è emy

(1908-74), weòz †` (1909-82), mgi †mb (1916-87) cÖgyL ¯̂ ¯̂

‣ewk‡ó¨ D¾¡j nIqv m‡Ë¡I mK‡jB iex‱`ª-cÖfve †_‡K gyw³-cÖqvmx|

bRi  ‡ji Kvwe¨K DPviY I DËv‡c AbycÖvwYZ nIqv m‡Ë¡I bRi  ‡ji

fve-fvlvi mv‡_ Zuviv KL‡bv mvRyh¨ Lyu‡R cvbwb| bRi  j Zuvi wfb′

mvgvwRK cUf~wg I wek¦v‡mi Kvi‡YB Ab¨‡ì †_‡K ¯̂gwngvq D¾¡j n‡q

Av‡Qb|

wZwi‡kvËi hy‡M evsjv Kv‡e¨ Av‡iK wfb′ avivi Kwe RmxgD`&`xb

(1903-76)| wZwb GK ¯̂Z‰¿ •ewkó¨c~Y© avivi Abymvix ev cÖe©ZK| wZwb

cj-x-Rxe‡bi wPÎ, cjxi mvaviY gvbyl, fve I welq‡K aviY K‡i mvaviY

MY-gvby‡li fvlvq Zuvi Kv‡eï wewPÎ fyeb iPbv K‡ib| bRi  ‡ji mv‡_

Zuvi wKQzUv mvRyh¨ _vK‡jI fve-fvlv-DPviY I Kvwe¨K wm′»Zvq wZwb

m¤ú~Y© ¯̂Z‰¿ GK D¾¡j Kwe-cÖwZfv| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ wZwb ÔcjxKweÕ wnmv‡e

we‡kl L¨vwZ AR©b Ki‡jI g~jZ wZwb GKRb wbR¯̂ avivi AvaywbK Kwe|

Kve¨-‡¶‡Î diiæL Avng‡ì hLb Avwef©ve-ZLb iex‱`ªbv‡_i

Rxebvemvb N‡U‡Q, bRi  j evKi  × n‡q c‡o‡Qb| RmxgD`&`xb I

wZwi‡kvËi hy‡Mi Kwe‡ì ZLb cÖej `vcU Pj‡Q| Zv m‡Ë¡I diiæL

Avng` Zuvi wbR¯̂ •ewkó¨ wb‡q Avwef~©Z n‡q mK‡ji mcÖmsk `„wó AvKl©Y

K‡ib| Zvui G •ewkó¨ m„wó n‡q‡Q Kv‡eï wewPÎ iƒcixwZ, wkí-•bcyY¨,

iƒcK-Dcgv-cÖZxK-iƒcK‡íi Awfbe eënvi I wbR¯̂ Kve¨-fvlv wbg©v‡Yi

AmvaviY mvd‡jï Dci wfwË K‡i| wZwb GKvav‡i MxwZ KweZv, m‡bU,

e¨½ KweZv, Mvb-MRj, wkï‡Zvl Kve¨, gnvKve¨, Kve¨bvU¨, MxwZbvU¨,

e¨½bvU¨ BZ¨vw` iPbv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb g~jZ †ivgvw‱UK, wK‰‧ Zuvi wKQz wKQz

Kve¨ KweZvq aª  c` •ewk‡óï Qvc ¯úó| BsivwR mvwn‡Zï †gavex QvÎ

wnmv‡e di&i  L GKvav‡i AvaywbK BsivwR mvwn‡Zï w©kí-‣ewk‡óï mv‡_

AvaywbK evsjv Kv‡eï D¾ ¡jZg wkí-•ewk‡óï mg‰^q NwU‡q mdj Kve¨-

m¤¢vi wbg©v‡Y eªZx n‡q‡Qb|

iƒcK-Dcgv-cÖZxK-iƒcK‡íi eënvi Kv‡eï †m․‱`h© I AvKl©Y e„w×

K‡i| `ywbqvi Zver mvwn‡Z¨ cÖvPxbKvj †_‡KB Gm‡ei eënvi P‡j

Avm‡Q| AvaywbK Kweiv G‡ÿ‡Î AwaKZi m‡PZb Ges cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Zvi


wbR¯̂Zvi Qvc ivLvq m‡Pó| diiæL Avng` G‡¶‡Î wewkóZvq D¾¡j|

`yÕGKwU D`vniY w`wQ-

†K‡U‡Q iwOb gLgj w`b, bZzb mdi AvR,

ïbwQ Avevi †bvbv `wiqvq WvK,

fv‡m †RviIqvi gD‡Ri wk‡i m‡d` Puvwì ZvR,

cvnvo-eyj‱` †XD eÕ†q Av‡b †bvbv `wihvi WvK;

bZzb cvwb‡Z mdi Gevi, †n gvwS wm‱èv`|

(wm›èv`t mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

mgy`ª †_‡K mgy`ª †Nv‡i `wiqvi kv`v ZvRx!

Ly‡ii nj&Kv,-aviv‡jv ùv‡oi AvNv‡Z dzj&wK R¡‡j

mgy`ª †_‡K mgy‡`ª †Nv‡i `wiqvq kv`v ZvRx...

†Kki †dvjv‡bv cv‡j jv‡M nvIqv, gv ‧̄‡j †`v‡j Puv`,

Zvivi Av¸‡b c_ †e‡Q †bq ¯̂‡c′iv mvivivZ,


ZvRx Qz‡U P‡j `yi‰ MwZ `ye©vi DQj;

mvivivZ fwiÕ †Zvjcvo KwiÕ `wiqvi †bvbvRj|

†f‡O †d‡jv AvR Lv‡Ki ggZv AvKv‡k D‡V‡Q Puv`,

`wiqvi ey‡K `vgvj †Rvqvi fvO‡Q evjyi evua,

wQ‡o †d‡j AvR Av‡qgx iv‡Zi gLgj-Aemv`,

bZzb cvwb‡Z nvj Ly‡j `vI, †n gvwS wm‱`vev`!

(evÕi `wiqvqt mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

†Mva~wj-Zij †mB nwi‡Yi Zwbgv cvUj

-Aw  ̄i we`y¨r, Zvi euvKv wk‡O †f‡m Gj Puv`,

mvZ mvM‡ii ey‡K †mB ïay, Av‡jvK-PÂj;

AÜKvi aby nv‡Z Zxi †Quv‡o ivwÎi wblv`|

(e›`‡i mÜ¨vt mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

H Av‡m Av‡m †mB wen½ mvZiOv Zvi †k¦Z cvLvq,

AvKv‡ki eyK Nb n'‡q I‡V bxj giKZ ¯̂QZvq,

†mvbvjx Av‡jvq k¦vc` ivwÎ AvnZ, jyß wb‡gl gv‡S;

w_i-we`y¨r Avfv Zi½ Av‡jv‡Ki myi AvKv‡k ev‡R|

(wmivRvg gybxiv gyn¤§` gy¯—dvt wmivRvg gybxiv)

Avgvi û`q ̄ ä, †evev nÕ†q Av‡Q †e`bvq,

†hgb c‡Ùi Kzuwo wbi  Ëi _v‡K wngiv‡Z,

†hgb wbtm½ cvLx GKv Avi †d‡ibv evmv‡Z;

†Zgwb Avgvi gb gyw³ Avi †Luv‡Rbv K_vq|

(K¬vwš—t gyny‡Z©i KweZv)

AÜKvi AvR`vnvi †eóbx‡Z cÖvYx I cÖv‡Yi

mvov bvB| GLv‡b Rvjvjvev‡` †`wL G‡m

wng-wm³ K¤^‡ji gZ ivwÎ †X‡K‡Q wbt‡k‡l

mg ̄ Av‡jvK iwk¥ c„w_exi mKj c‡_i|

(wm‡jU †ók‡b GKwU kx‡Zi cÖfvZt gyny‡Z©i KweZv )

D×„Z cOwZgvjv‡Z dii  ‡Li iƒcK-Dcgv-cÖZxK-iƒcKí eënv‡ii

AwfbeZ¡ I AmvaviY K…wZZ¡ mKj‡K we¯§q-wegy» K‡i| wZwb iƒcK-

Dcgv-cÖZxK-iƒcK‡íi eënv‡i MZvbyMwZK aviv I ixwZ AbymiY bv K‡i

wbR¯̂ •ewkó¨ I m„RbkxjZvi Qvc †i‡L‡Qb| G‡ÿ‡Î wZwb GKvav‡i cÖK…wZ

mÄvZ, HwZwn¨K I eyw×`xß ixwZi AbymiY K‡i‡Qb| Kwe wnmv‡e GUv Zuvi

mvd‡jï Ab¨Zg cÖavb gvcKvwV|

dii  ‡Li me©vwaK D‡jL‡hvM¨ mvdj¨ m¤¢eZ Zuvi wbR¯̂ Kve¨-fvlv

wbgv©‡Yi †¶‡Î| G‡¶‡Î wZwb A‡bKUv bRi  j‡K AbymiY Ki‡jI

bRi  ‡ji ûeû AbyK„wZ bv K‡i wZwb Zuvi wbR¯̂ •ewkó¨ dzwU‡q Zy‡j‡Qb|

ga¨hy‡M gymwjg kvmbvg‡j iwPZ mvwn‡Zï fvlv‡K GKmgq Ôcuyw_i fvlvÕ,

Ôgymjgvbx hevbÕ, ÔAviwe-dviwm wg‡kj fvlvÕ A_ev Ôdviwm evsjvÕ wnmv‡e

ZzQ-ZvwQj¨ K‡i AcvO‡Zq K‡i ivLv n‡jI evOvwj gymwj‡gi †mUvB

Avmj I AK…wÎg fvlv| bRi  j †m fvlv‡K Zuvi Kv‡e¨  ̄vb w`‡q‡Qb|

G‡¶‡Î bRi  j‡K A‡b‡KB AbymiY Kivi †Póv K‡ib| Zuv‡ì g‡a¨

diiæL Avng` me©vwaK mdj| wZwb Aviwe-dviwm k‡ãi eënv‡i AwaKZi

cwiwgwZ I •bcy‡Yï cwiPq w`‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb| Gfv‡e wZwb Zuvi Kv‡e¨

wbR¯̂ fvlvixwZ Pvjy K‡i Amvgvb¨ mvdj¨ AR©b K‡i‡Qb| `yÕ GKwU

D`vniY w`wQ-

nvRvi Øx‡ci e` i~m‡gi Dc‡i jvbZ nvwbÕ

wKkZxi gy‡L †div‡qwQ †gviv Uvwb-

eyivCi mv‡_ †c‡qwQ fvjvB AdzivY wRw‱`Mx,

Ave&j~~m-Nb Avuav‡i †cLg Ly‡j‡Q iv‡Zi wkLx|

Avi †_‡K †_‡K `gKv evZv‡m bvwi‡Kj kv‡L nvIqv

†fvjv‡q‡Q me †c‡ikvwb, ïi  n'‡q‡Q MRj MvIqv

myivZ Rvgvj RIqvwbi †Vuv‡U †K‡U‡Q ¯̂c′ ivZ

ï‡bwQ †bkvi †Nvi †K‡U †h‡Z G‡m‡Q bqv cÖfvZ|



KZ †h Avuavi c`©v cviv‡q †fvi nÕj Rvwb bv Zv|

bvi½x e‡b Kuvc‡Q meyR cvZv|

`yqv‡i †Zvgvi mvZ-mvM‡ii †Rvqvi G‡b‡Q †dbv|

Zey RvM‡j bv? Zey Zzwg RvM‡j bv?

mvZ-mvM‡ii gvwS †P‡q †`‡Lv `yqv‡i Wv‡K RvnvR,

APj Qwe †m, Zm&wei †hb ùvov‡q i‡q‡Q AvR|

(mvZ mvMv‡ii gvwSt mvZ mMv‡ii gvwS)

Zzwg wK fy‡jQ je½ dzj, Gjv‡Pi †g․mygx,

†hLv‡b a~wj‡Z, KuvK‡i w`‡bi Rvdivb †Lv‡j Kwj,

†hLv‡b gy» Bqvm&wg‡bi ïå jjvU Pzwg

cixi †`‡ki ¯̂c′-‡m‡nwj Rv‡M ¸‡j eKvIjx|

(mvZ mvMv‡ii gvwSt mvZ mMv‡ii gvwS)

w  ̄i nI ev`kv †bKbvg| mvgvb¨ Lvw`g Avwg

Bb&mv‡bi, Zey ewj, Gjvwni †iRvgw‱` †P‡q

†h nq wL`gZMvi gvby‡li wK¤v̂ gLjy‡Ki

nq bv †m †Kvb w`b L¨vwZi c~Rvix| †h gywgb,

gyRvwn`, wek¦vmx †h, nq bv †m AvbZ KL‡bv;

nq bv †m bZwki Avjv Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Kv‡Q|

hw` †m cÖjyä nq a″sm K‡i mËv †m wb‡Ri,

Am‡Zï fvievnx g‡i †mB ¸givnv cÖvY

Aei  × nq hw` L¨vwZ, A_©, ¯̂v‡_©i wcÄ‡i|

(†b․‡dj I nv‡Zg)

hyM-‡PZbv cÖ‡Z¨K eo Kwei GKwU we‡kl j¶Y| hyM-‡PZbv Kwei

Kve¨‡K e¨vcK RbM‡Yi wbKU AwaKZi MÖnY‡hvM¨ K‡i †Zv‡j|

ejvevûj¨, KvwjK NUbv ci¤úivi ûeû eY©bv‡K ejv nq BwZnvm, Avi †m

eY©bv hLb Kwei Kíbv I AwfÁZvi RviK i‡m Awfwl³ n‡q Kve¨-¯̂iƒ‡c

Dc  ̄vwcZ nq, ZLb †mUv‡K ejv nq HwZn¨ †PZbvmg„× mvwnZ¨| diiæL

Avng` cÖK…Z Rxebwkíx wnmv‡e hy‡Mi PÂjZv I Av‡eM‡K aviY K‡i‡Qb,

wK‰‧ hy‡Mi KjKÉ DPviY‡K wZwb mh‡Z′ cwinvi K‡i‡Qb| hyM-‡PZbv I

Av‡eM‡K ü`‡qi m~²Z‰¿x‡Z aviY K‡i wZwb Zv iƒcK I cÖZx‡Ki gva¨‡g

is-Zzwj, myi-Q‡‱ì Awfbe e¨Äbvq eY©vX¨ I Kvwe¨K gwngvq cÖKvk

K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi mgKv‡j msNwUZ wØZxq wek¦hy× (1939-45), hy×RwbZ

cÂv‡ki g‰^‰ ‡i (evsjv 1350) j¶ j¶ wbib′ gvby‡li Ki  Y g„Z z̈,

1940 mv‡j M„nxZ gymwjg jx‡Mi Ôjv‡nvi cÖ¯ v‡eÕi wfwË‡Z cvwK¯ vb

Av‡‱`vjb, 1946 mv‡j AbywôZ MY‡fvU, mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½v, cvwK ̄ vb

cÖwZôv (1947), fvlv Av‡‱`vjb (1947-1952), cvwK ̄ v‡bi ZrKvwjb

kvmK‡ì †kvlY, `yb©xwZ, ‣elg¨ I AvkvnZ ewÂZ RYM‡Yi wb`vi  Y

AvwZ©, 1965 mv‡j msNwUZ cvK-fviZ hy×, 1969 mv‡ji MYAfz¨Ìvb,

1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy×, j¶ j¶ Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q cÖwZwôZ ¯̂vaxb

evsjv‡`‡ki Af~¨`q, ¯̂vaxbZv cieZx© Kv‡ji `ybx©wZ-AbvPvi-AivRKZv,

1974 mv‡ji `ywf©‡¶ AmsL¨ gvby‡li Ki  Y g„Zz¨ BZ¨vw` gvbweK Avkv-

AvKvs¶v, myL-`ytL, mvdj¨ I wech©q diiæL Kv‡e¨ cÖvYe‰ iƒc jvf

K‡i‡Q| G †_‡K my¯úó nq †h, diiæL Avng` wQ‡jb GKRb hyM-m‡PZb

cÖK…Z Rxebwkíx| Zuvi Kve¨-KweZvq hy‡Mi AvwZ© cÖg~Z© n‡q D‡V‡Q|

diiæL Avng‡ì Ô‡n eb¨ ¯̂‡c′ivÕ, ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ, ÔAvRv` Ki

cvwK ̄ vbÕ, ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕ, ÔKv‡djvÕ, Ôgyn~‡Z©i KweZvÕ I wewfb′ e¨½

Kve¨-KweZvq wZwb e¨w³ I mgv‡Ri ¯̂c′-Kíbv, Avkv-AvKvLv I

Avkvf‡½i gg©‰ ` Ae¯ v wbweo Abyl‡½ A‰ i½ AbyfywZi Av‡jvq

cÖvYe‰ K‡i Zy‡j‡Qb| GKvi‡Y diiæL Avng`‡K h_v_©B GKRb hyM-

m‡PZb Rxebwkíx wnmv‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv P‡j| wZwb Zuvi Kvj‡K aviY

K‡i KvjvZxZ wk‡íi A¶q wb`k©b †i‡L †M‡Qb| G‡Z Kwe wnmv‡e Zuvi

Abb¨ kw³gËvi cwiPq my¯úó n‡q I‡V|

diiæL Avng‡ì wewPÎ iPbv-m¤¢vi evsjv mvwn‡Zï fvÊvi‡K mg„×

K‡i‡Q| wZwb cÖavbZ Kwe| ZvB Zuvi iwPZ MÖ‰ vewji g‡a¨ Kv‡eï msL¨vB

AwaK| GQvov, wZwb †QvUMí, Dcb¨vm, bvUK I wKQzmsL¨K cÖeÜ iPbv

K‡i‡Qb| Aek¨ Zuvi iwPZ cÖeÜ¸‡jv AvRI MÖ‰ e× nqwb| wb‡P Zuvi

iPbvewji GKwU ZvwjKv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jvt

MxwZKve¨t mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS (1944), AvRv` K‡iv cvwK¯ vb (1946),

wmivRvg gybxiv (1952), diiæL Avng‡ì †kªô KweZv (1970), †n eb¨

¯̂‡c′iv (1976), Kv‡djv (1980), nv‡e`v gi  i Kvwnbx (1981), wKm&mv

Kvwnbx (1984)|

m‡bUt gyn~‡Z©i KweZv (1963), w`ji  ev (1994), Aby¯î (e¨½ KweZv)|

Mvbt i³ †Mvjve, Kve¨MxwZ, gnwdj (cÖ_g I wØZxq LÊ 1987)|

gnvKve¨t nv‡Zg ZvÕqx (1966)|

Kve¨bvU¨t †b․‡dj I nv‡Zg (1961)|

MxwZbvU¨t AvbviKwj (1966)|


M`¨ e¨½ bvwUKvt ivR-ivRiv (1948)|

e¨½ KweZvt †avjvB Kve¨ (dvi  K gvngy` m¤úvw`Z) (1963), wemM©

(iPbvKvj 1946-48), HwZnvwmK-A‣bwZnvwmK Kve¨ (1991), nvjKv

†jLv, Zm&weibvgv, imi½|

Abyev` Kve¨t BKev‡ji wbe©vwPZ KweZv (1980), KziAvb gÄylv,

Avgcviv (KziAvb kwi‡di 29 wU m~ivi Abyev`)|

†QvUMít diiæL Avng‡ì Mí (1990)

Dcb¨vm t wmKv‱`vi kvÕi †Nvov (GKwU Am¤ú~Y© Dcb¨vm)|

wkï‡Zvl Kve¨t cvwLi evmv (1965), nd‡ii Qov (1968), bZzb †jLv

(1969), Qovi Avmi-1 (1970), wPwoqvLvbv (1980), dz‡ji Rjmv

(1985), nvév †jLv, Qovi Avmi-2, Qovi Avmi-3, muvS mKv‡ji wKm&mv,

Av‡jvKjZv, Lywki Qov, gRvi Qov, cvwLi Qov, is gkvj, †Rvo ni‡di

Qov, covi ïi  , †cvKvgvKo|

cvV¨-cy¯‘K t bqv RvgvZ (cÖ_g fvM) (1950), bqv RvgvZ (wØZxq fvM)

(1950), bqv RvgvZ (Z…Zxq fvM) (1950), bqv RvgvZ (PZz_© fvM) (1950)

Dc‡iv³ MÖ‰ -ZvwjKv †_‡K diiæL Avng‡ì 51wU MÖ‡‰ i cwiPq cvIqv

hvq| Gig‡a¨ Zuvi RxebKv‡j AwZ AímsL¨K MÖ‰ B cÖKvwkZ nq| Zuvi g„Zzï

ci AwaKvsk MÖ‰  cÖKvwkZ n‡jI cvÊywjwc AvKv‡i Av‡iv wKQz MÖ‰  i‡q‡Q Ges

AMÖw‰ Z †ek wKQz KweZv I bvbv ai‡bi †jLv i‡q‡Q, hv MÖ‰ vKv‡i cÖKvwkZ

nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| ỳf©vMëkZ Zuvi cÖKvwkZ MÖ‰ mg~‡ni AwaKvskB eZ©gv‡b

ỳ®cÖvc¨| d‡j dii  ‡Li cVb-cvVb I g~j¨vqb A‡bKUv ỳtmva¨ n‡q

c‡o‡Q| ZvB evsjv mvwn‡Zï GZ eo GKRb Kwe Avgv‡ì Ae‡njvq eZ©gv‡b

A‡bKUv we¯§„Z n‡Z P‡j‡Qb| G‡¶‡Î miKvix-‡emiKvix wewfb′ ch©v‡q

D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv GLb mg‡qi Acwinvh© `vwe|

dii  ‡Li mgMÖ iPbvewj ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i Zuvi cÖwZfvi wekvjZ¡, Zuvi

iPbvi •ewPÎ¨ I welqe ‧̄i e¨vcKZv m¤ú‡K© mn‡RB aviYv Kiv P‡j| diiæL

Avng` GKRb wkí-m‡PZb Kwe| wewfb′ fvlvi mvwnZ¨ we‡klZ wek¦e‡iY¨

Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K‡ì myweL¨vZ mvwnZ¨-K‡g©i mv‡_ Zuvi cwiPq wQj| wZwb †mme

mvwn‡Zï fve, wkí-KzkjZv, eY©bvf½x I mvdj¨ m¤ú‡K© my¯úó aviYv wb‡q

evsjv fvlvq h_v_© wkí-my‱ì mvwnZ¨-m¤¢vi Dcnvi w`‡q‡Qb| Z‡e wZwb

KL‡bv KvD‡K AbyKiY K‡ibwb| h_v_© †g․wjK cÖwZfv KL‡bv KvD‡K AbyKiY

K‡i bv| Z‡e Zuviv DrK…ó D`vniY I Aby‡cÖiYv MÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb Ges wkí-

cÖKiYMZ wewfb′ fw½ I „̀wó‡K Kv‡R jvMvevi cÖqvm cvb| diiæL Avng`

wQ‡jb h_v_© m„wókxj †g․wjK cÖwZfvi AwaKvix Kwe| wZwb Zuvi fve-fvlv-

e¨Äbv I Av‡e`‡bi w`K w`‡q Kv‡eï GK gnxqvb, `xwßgvb, ¯̂Z‰¿ fyeb

wbg©v‡Y m¶g n‡q‡Qb| Kwe wnmv‡e GUv Zuvi GK Abb¨ •ewkó¨|

diiæL Avng‡ì Kv‡eï eY©bv, welq I DcRxe¨ eû wewPÎ| Zuvi Kv‡e¨

GKw`‡K †hgb evsjvi meyR cÖK…wZ, bvbv dm‡j c~Y© gvV, b`x-bvjv, dz‡ji

myevm, cvwLi Kj-KvKwj, b`xfv½b, eb¨v-c-veb, Liv-e„wói cÖfv‡e msMÖvg-

gyLi evOvwji Rxeb-‣ewPÎ¨ dy‡U D‡V‡Q, Ab¨w`‡K †Zgwb i‡q‡Q w`M‰ -

we ̄ vix, a~mi gi  f‚wg, Avie¨ Rbc`, So-MwZm¤úb′ ZvRx †Nvov,

Ôgi  f~wgi RvnvRÕ bv‡g L¨vZ ª̀  ZMwZi DU, w`M‰ -we ̄ vix meyR

†LRyiexw_ I giæ AÂ‡ji gvby‡li wewPÎ cÖwZK…wZ| Av‡iv i‡q‡Q w`M‰ -

†Quvqv bxj mgy ª̀, DËvj Zi½-we‡¶vf, ỳtmvnmx AwfhvwÎ‡Ki msMÖvggyLi

Awek¦vm¨ Rxe‡bi ỳi‰ AvKzwZ| Zuvi Kíbvi wekvj fye‡b gvwU-gvbyl-

cÖK…wZ, mgy ª̀, AvKvk I gi  f‚wgi mxgvnxb we ̄ vi| ¯̂c′-mv‡a m¤úb′ gvbyl

†mLv‡b wbi‰ i msMÖvg-gyLi| G †ivgvw‱UK ¯̂c′vQb′Zv I Rxe‡bi KwVb ev ̄

eZvi mg‰̂‡q dii  ‡Li KweZvq GK ỳi‰ Av‡eM I MwZgqZv m„wó

n‡q‡Q, evsjv Kv‡e¨ hv wbZv‰ ỳj©f| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Ab¨‡Kvb Kwei eY©bvq

Giƒc wekvj, we ̄ …Z B‡R‡j is-iƒ‡ci web¨vm I wewPÎ my‡ii †gvnbxq SsKvi

~̀wY©ix¶|

Bmjvgx HwZn¨ I fveaviv dii  L-Kv‡eï g~j Aby‡cÖiYv I †K‱ ª̀xq

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my‱ìZg Av`k© wnmv‡e wZwb cÖZxKx †`¨vZbv I Kvwe¨K e¨Äbvq ev¯ e

Rxebvbyf‚wZi mv‡_ Awewgkª K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb Bmjv‡gi g~j Av`k© I cÖvY-

m¤ú`| diiæL Avng` cÖK…Z Rxeb-wkíx| ZvB Zuvi Av`k©-†PZbvi mv‡_

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msMÖv‡g Bmjvgx Av`k© AÜKvi, wbivK‚j, A‣_ mvM‡ii ey‡K aª  eZvivi

ỳ¨wZgq Av‡jvK-iwk¥i we ̄ vi NwU‡q‡Q| Kwei wbKU Bmjvg †Kvb cÖ_vMZ

ag© bq, mgm¨v-msKzj c„w_ex‡Z GUv mªóv-cÖ`Ë GKgvÎ Aåv‰ Rxebv`k© hv

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bvbv wel‡qi wewPÎ mgvnvi j¶¨ Kiv hvq Zuvi Kv‡e¨| dii  ‡Li Dcjwä I

Rxeb „̀wó hwÌ w  ̄i I m‡‱`nvZxZiƒ‡c GK mywbw ©̀ó j‡¶ï Awfmvix, †nivi

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Zuvi Kve¨-fvebv Rxeb-AwfÁZv I ev ̄ eZvi ¯úk©-weewR©Z bq| ZvB †`Lv


hvq, Kwe ¯̂c′Pvix, gi  Pvix I mgy ª̀Pvix nIqv m‡Ë¡I evi evi AvU‡c․‡p

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welqe ‧̄i G e¨vcKZv I •ewPÎ¨ dii  L-Kv‡eï D‡jL‡hvM¨ •ewkó¨|

diiæL Avng‡ì Kve¨cv‡V Zuvi cÖwZfvi kw³gËv, m„wói e¨vcKZv I

welqe ‧̄i •ewPÎ¨ m¤ú‡K© mg¨K aviYv Kiv P‡j|

welqe ‧̄i mv‡_ Kv‡eï Avw½K I iƒcixwZi †¶‡ÎI diiæL Avng`

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m‡bU, MxwZ KweZv, wkï‡Zvl KweZv, e¨½-imvZ¥K KweZv, Mvb-MRj,

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wewPÎ cÖk Í̄ †Lvjv cÖv½‡Y Kwei Abvqvm wePiY, Abykxjb I wbcyY c`PviYv

cvVK‡K hyMcr Avbw‱`Z I we¯§q-cyj‡K Awff‚Z K‡i|

evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ ga¨hyM †_‡K Kvwnbx Kv‡eï aviv P‡j Avm‡Q| wK‰‧

BD‡ivcxq mvwn‡Zï AbyKi‡Y evsjv Kv‡e¨ gnvKv‡eï m„wó AvaywbKKv‡j

gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi nv‡Z| gaym~`‡bi Ô†gNbv` ea Kve¨Õ evsjv

mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g Ges mv_©K gnvKve¨| gaym~`‡bi mgKv‡j Zuvi Abymi‡Y

A‡b‡KB gnvKve¨ iPbvq D‡`¨vMx nb| Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ †ngP‱`ª, bexbP‱`ª,

Kvq‡Kvev`, •mq` BmgvBj †nv‡mb wmivRx cÖgyL we‡kl D‡jL‡hvM¨|

gnvKve¨ iPbvi aviv hLb †kl nIqvi c‡_ ZLb diiæL Avng` Zuvi

Ônv‡Zg ZvÕqxÕ iPbv K‡i evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ GK we¯§qKi Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb|

gaym~`‡bi c‡i m¤¢eZ GUvB me©vwaK D‡jL‡hvM¨ Ges mv_©K I me©‡kl

gnvKve¨| dii  ‡Li c‡i Ab¨ †KD gnvKve¨ iPbv K‡ibwb| eZ©gvb hyM-

cwi‡ek gnvKve¨ iPbvi Dc‡hvMx bq e‡j A‡b‡Ki aviYv| GKvi‡Y ejv

hvq, evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ cÖ_g gnvKv‡eï iPwqZv gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Ges

me©‡kl mv_©K gnvKve¨ iPwqZv wnmv‡e diiæL Avng` ¯§iYxq n‡q

_vK‡eb|

evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ m‡bU iPbvi †¶‡Î gaym~`b cw_K…‡Zi f~wgKv cvjb

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iPbvi cÖqvm †c‡q‡Qb| Z‡e m‡b‡Ui m~² I `„pe× wkíixwZi Kvi‡Y

G‡¶‡Î Lye Kg m‡bU-iPwqZvB mdj n‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| Z‡e m‡bU iPwqZv

wnmv‡e diiæL Avng‡ì K…wZZ¡ Amvgvb¨, G-K_v A‡b‡KB ¯̂xKvi K‡ib|

diiæL Avng` g~jZ †ivgvw‱UK Kwe nIqv m‡Ë¡I m‡bU iPbvi †¶‡Î wZwb

Avðh©RbKfv‡e mdj| m‡bU iPbvi msL¨vi w`K w`‡qI diiæL Amvgvb¨

K…wZ‡Z¡i AwaKvix| Zuvi iwPZ m‡b‡Ui msL¨v cÖvq mv‡o wZbÕk| msL¨v I

gv‡bi wePv‡i diiæL evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ wbtm‡‱`‡n Ab¨Zg †kªô m‡bwUqvi|

bvU¨Kve¨, MxwZbvU¨, e¨½-bvU¨, MxwZ KweZv, wkï‡Zvl KweZv, e¨½

KweZv, Mvb-MRj BZ¨vw` Kv‡eï wewfb′ kvLvq diiæL Avng` D‡jL‡hvM¨

Ae`vb †i‡L †M‡Qb| evsjv Kv‡eï wewfb′ iƒcixwZ‡Z wZwb mdj c`PviYv

K‡i‡Qb Ges me©Î Zuvi wbR¯̂ •ewkó¨ Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Zuvi iwPZ Kve¨bvU¨,

MxwZbvU¨ I e¨½bvU¨ GKmgq gÂvwqZ n‡q e¨vcKfv‡e `k©K-bw‱`Z

n‡q‡Q| Zuvi iwPZ Mvb-MRj wewkó wkíx‡ì K‡É †iwWI-wUwf‡Z wbqwgZ

cÖPvwiZ n‡q †kªvZvmvaviY‡K gy»-AbycÖvwYZ K‡i‡Q| Zuvi MxwZKweZv

be•PZ‡bï D‡b¥l NwU‡q beRvMiY I ¯̂vaxbwPËZvi weKvk mva‡b Abb¨

f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q| m‡ev©cwi Zuvi iwPZ e¨½ m‡bU I KweZv Ges wkï-wK‡kvi

Qov-KweZv evsjv mvwn‡Zï Ag~j¨ m¤ú`| e¨½ iPbvi †¶‡Î wZwb Abb¨,

Zuvi mgK¶ †bB ej‡jB P‡j| Zuvi iwPZ e¨½Kv‡eï msL¨v †gvU QqwU|

fve-welq I gv‡b mgyËxY© Zuvi e¨½ KweZv evsjv mvwn‡Zï Ag~j¨ m¤ú`|

wkï-wK‡kvi Qov-KweZv iPbvq di&i  L Avng` †h AmvaviY Ae`vb

†i‡L‡Qb, Zv msL¨v I gv‡bi w`K †_‡K Zzjbvweij ej‡j wKQzgvÎ AZ~¨w³

n‡e bv| Zuvi iwPZ wkï‡Zvl Qov-KweZv-M‡íi msL¨v †gvU GKzkwU|

mycwiKwíZfv‡e iwPZ Gme †jLv wkïgb‡K Mfxifv‡e AvK…ó K‡i| Gme

iPbvq wkï-gb ̄ Ë¡ we‡kl‡Y wZwb †hgb cvi½gZv cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb, †Zgwb

mnR-mij kãweb¨v‡m I •bcyY¨c~Y© A‰ wgj ms‡hv‡M cvV-myLKi K‡i

Zz‡j‡Qb| G Kvi‡Y evsjv wkïmvwn‡Z¨ dii  ‡Li Ae`vb wPi¯§iYxq n‡q

_vK‡e| we‡klfv‡e D‡jL¨ †h, Aviwe-dviwm-D`y© kã eënv‡i dii  ‡Li

AmvaviY K…wZZ¡ i‡q‡Q| wK‰‧ Zuvi wkïmvwn‡Z¨ G ai‡bi kã G‡Kev‡i

†bB ej‡jB P‡j| wkïmvwn‡Z¨ wZwb mnR-mij evsjv k‡ãi mv‡_

evsjv‡`‡ki g‡bvig cÖvK…wZK iƒc-‣ewPÎ¨, evsjvi dzj, cvwL, dj, dmj

Z_v evsjvi wPi‡m․‱`h©gq Rxeb‣ewP‡Îï bvbv w`K Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb|

wkï‡ì‡K gvZ…fvlv I gvZ…f~wgi mv‡_ wbweofv‡e cwiwPZ K‡i †Zvjvi

†¶‡Î dii  ‡Li wkïmvwnZ¨ Acwimxg ¸i  Z¡ enb K‡i|

cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, Kve¨‡¶‡Î di &i  L me©`v cix¶v-wbix¶v I

Abykxjb K‡i †M‡Qb Ges †mRb¨B wZwb GK  ̄v‡b KL‡bv w  ̄i _v‡Kb wb|

Kve¨-†m․‱`h© I DrKl© mÜv‡b Kwe me©`v e¨vc„Z †_‡K‡Qb| wbi‰ i

cix¶v-wbix¶v I Abykxjb-cÖeYZv eo Kwei GKwU we‡kl j¶Y| G j¶Y


dii  ‡Li g‡a¨ c~Y©gvÎvq we`¨gvb wQj| ZvB wbi‰ i cix¶v-wbix¶v I

Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g wZwb Zuvi Kvsw¶Z gnËg wk‡ívrKl© mva‡b m‡Pó

†_‡K‡Qb| ZvB diiæL Avng` GK Abb¨ •ewk‡óï AwaKvix Kv‡jvËxY©

Kwe| evsjv Kv‡eï †kªô †g․wjK Kwe‡ì g‡a¨ wZwb Ab¨Zg|

diiæL Avng` t e¨w³

Kwei Kve¨ eyS‡Z n‡j Zuvi Rxeb, cwi‡ek Ges AwfÁZv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ

nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| ỳf©vMëkZ diiæL Avng‡ì Rxeb m¤ú‡K© †Zgb Z_¨c~Y©

we ̄ vwiZ weeiY Rvbv hvq bv| G e¨vcv‡i Kwe wb‡R wQ‡jb m¤ú~Y© wb¯ú„n|

wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© Ab¨ Kv‡iv †K․Z‚nj‡KI wZwb GZUzKz cÖkªq w`‡Zb bv| Kwei

aviYv wQj KweZvB Kwei Rxeb| Kwei wP‰ v, AwfÁZv I Rxeb-cwigÊjB

bvbvfv‡e cwiùzU nq KweZvq| ZvB Avjv`vfv‡e wb‡Ri Rxeb m¤ú‡K© wKQy

ej‡Z Zuvi †gv‡UB AvMÖn wQj bv| Kwei g„Zzï ci Kwe-cwiev‡ii m`m¨ Ges

Kwei Nwbô eÜy-evÜe Zuv‡ì ¯§„wZ-†ivg‰ b K‡i hv wKQy wjwce× K‡i‡Qb Kwei

e¨w³-Rxeb m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi Rb¨ †m¸‡jvi Dci wbf©i Kiv Qvov MZ¨‰ i †bB|

h‡kvi †Rjvi gvSAvBj MÖv‡g 1918 mv‡ji 10 Ryb Kwe diiæL Avng‡ì

Rb¥| wcZvi bvg Lvb mv‡ne •mq` nv‡Zg Avjx, gv‡qi bvg iIkb AvLZvi

Rvnvb| cweÎ ighvb gv‡m Rb¥MÖnY Kivq Zuvi `vw` Zuvi bvg †i‡LwQ‡jb

ÔighvbÕ| †QvU‡ejvq G bv‡gB wZwb we‡klfv‡e cwiwPZ wQ‡jb| Kwei wcZ…`Ë

bvg •mq` diiæL Avng`| wK‰‧ Kwe wb‡RB Ô•mq`Õ kãwU c‡i cwiZ¨vM

K‡ib| R‡b¥i ỳÕeQi ci gv Bw‰ Kvj K‡ib| 1927 mv‡j wK‡kvi diiæL

Avng` Zuvi eo fvB-Gi Kg©‡¶Î KjKvZv Mgb K‡ib| †mLv‡b ZvjZjv

g‡Wj ‥̄zj Ges evwjMÄ nvB ‥̄y‡j wKQyKvj we`¨vf¨vm K‡ib| c‡i 1937 mv‡j

Lyjbv †Rjv ‥̄zj †_‡K cÖ‡ewkKv cix¶vq DËxY© nb| 1939 mv‡j wicb K‡jR

†_‡K AvB.G. cvk K‡ib| AZtci ‥̄wUk PvP© K‡jR I †m‱U cj K‡j‡R

cÖ_‡g `k©b I c‡i Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ Abvm© Aa¨qb K‡ib| wK‰‧ G-mgq

evgcw‰  Av‡‱`vj‡b RwoZ n‡q covq Kwei cov‡kvbv Avi †ekx ~̀i AMÖmi

nqwb| Abvm© cix¶vI Avi †`qv nqwb|

diiæL Avng‡ì wcZv Lvb mv‡ne •mq` nv‡Zg Avjx GKRb cywjk

Awdmvi wQ‡jb| mr gvbyl wnmv‡e Zuuvi mybvg wQj| Zuvi ÔLvb mv‡neÕ Dcvwa

cÖvwß m¤ú‡K© Kwei AvZ¥xq Aa¨vcK wRjyi ingvb wmwÏKx wj‡L‡Qb t

“The father, a Police Officer was noted for his courage and integrity-

qualities, for which he was made a „Khan Sahib‟ after retirement. He was

a colourful man, gregarious, effusive and rather temperamental. Farrukh

had inherited these qualities, though in his artistic personality they

underwent subtle change.” (Farrukh Ahmed : Zillur Rahman Siddiqui,

Bangla Academy Journal, July-December, 1984).

•mq` nv‡Zg Avjx ỳwU we‡q K‡ib| cÖ_g ¿̄x 1924 mv‡j Bw‰ Kvj Ki‡j

wZwb wØZxq we‡q K‡ib| diiæL cÖ_g c‡¶i wØZxq cyÎ| Zuviv wZb fvB, ỳB

†evb| eo †evb •mq`v kidzb Aviv, †QvU †evb •mq`v †gvKv‡Ïgv LvZzb, eo

fvB wmwÏK Avng`, †QvU fvB •mq` gywki Avng`| cici wZb †g‡q m‰ v‡bi

R‡b¥i ci diiæL Avng‡ì Rb¥| d‡j wZwb wQ‡jb evev-gv‡qi GKv‰

Av`‡ii m‰ vb| gv‡qi g„Zzï ci Kwei •kkeKvj †K‡U‡Q cÖavbZ Zuvi `vwì

Kv‡Q| `vw` wQ‡jb Rwg`vi Kb¨v| Z ỳcwi wkw¶Zv, Ávbx I `xN©Rxex gwnjv|

G m¤ú‡K© Kwe-Kb¨v mvB‡q`v Bqvmwgb evby Zuvi ¯§„wZPvi‡Y D‡jL K‡i‡Qb t

ÒKwe •kke I •K‡kv‡i Zuvi `vwì KvQ †_‡K ïb‡Zb ÔZvR‡KivZzj

AvIwjqvÕ Ges ÔKvmvmyj Avw¤q̂vÕ cuyw_i Kvwnbx| Gfv‡e •kk‡e `vwì †Kvj

†_‡KB cuyw_i mv‡_ diiæL Avng‡ì cwiPq Ges wk¶vi nv‡ZLwo

n‡qwQj|Ó [AveŸv‡K †hgb †`‡LwQ, XvKv WvB‡R÷, b‡f¤î 1974]

M„‡n Aviwe, dviwm I wKQyUv agx©q wk¶v jv‡fi ci diiæL Avng`

KjKvZvi g‡Wj Gg.B. ¯‥z‡j fwZ© nb| ¯‥zjwU m¤ú‡K© Kwe-eÜz wewkó

wPÎwkíx Kvgi  j nvmvb Zuvi ¯§„wZPvi‡Y hv wj‡L‡Qb cªm½Z GLv‡b Zvi

Askwe‡kl D‡jL Kiv n‡jv t

Ò¯‥yjwUi bvgI wQj Ôg‡Wj Gg.B.¯‥zjÕ; KjKvZvq g‡Wj ¯‥zj bv‡gB H

¯‥zjwU cwiwPZ wQj| KjKvZvq ZvjZjv GjvKvq BD‡ivcxqvb GmvBjvg

†jb-G GK weivU Rwg`vi evox‡Z G ¯‥zjwU wQj| Avgv‡ì g‡Wj ¯‥z‡ji

mv‡_B wQj bg©vj †Uªwbs ¯‥zj| iex‱`ªbv_ GKevi gvÎ G ¯‥z‡ji GB

M¨vjvwi‡Z e‡m cv `ywj‡q wj‡LwQ‡jb t ÔKvj hv‡ev Lyjbvq, Zv‡Z †Kvb fyj

bvBÕ, Rvwb bv Gi HwZnvwmK mZ¨Zv KZLvwb|Ó (cUzqvi cUwPÎ, Kvgi‚j

nvmvb, C` msL¨v, mwPÎ mÜvbx 1386)|

diiæL Avng` wVK KLb †_‡K Kve¨-PP©v ïi  K‡ib ev KLb †_‡K

Zuvi cÖwZfvi D‡b¥l N‡U †m m¤ú‡K© mwVK †Kvb Z_¨ Rvbv hvq bv| G

m¤ú‡K© Kwe-mgv‡jvPK I dii  L-M‡elK †gvnv¤§` gvn&dzRDjvn& †hUyKz

msev` cwi‡ekb K‡i‡Qb cÖm½Z Zvi D‡jL Kiv n‡jv t

ÒdiiæL Avng` KjKvZvi ZvjZjv g‡Wj ‥̄z‡j I evwjMÄ nvB ‥̄z‡j

GKmgq cov‡kvbv Ki‡jI wZwb cÖ‡ewkKv cix¶v †`b Lyjbv †Rjv ‥̄zj †_‡K,

1937 mv‡j| Zuvi wk¶K wQ‡jb Kwe †Mvjvg †gv ̄ dv, cÖL¨vZ mvwnwZ¨K Aveyj

dRj Ges ÔKw_KvÕ, Ôgv÷vi mv‡neÕ cÖf„wZ MÖ‰ -cÖ‡YZv Ôwe`vq n¾Õ KweZvi

†jLK Aveyj nv‡kg| Kwe Aveyj nv‡k‡gi KvQ †_‡K †h Z_¨ cvIqv †M‡Q,

Zv‡Z g‡b nq diiæL Avng‡ì cÖ_g KweZv Qvcv nq m¤¢eZ Lyjbv †Rjv ‥̄zj

g¨vMvwR‡b| AkxwZci e„× Kwe Aveyj nv‡kg Zuvi GK Kv‡ji †gavex QvÎ Kwe

diiæL Avng‡ì ¯§„wZPviY Ki‡Z wM‡q GB K_v Rvwb‡q‡Qb| wZwb AviI

e‡j‡Qb †h, Zuvi ÔKw_KvÕ Kve¨MÖ‡‰ i A‰ M©Z Ônv‡Zg ZvCÕ, kxl©K `xN© KweZv


cvV K‡i †mB ‥̄zj Rxe‡bB diiæL Avng` mcÖksm nb Ges G wel‡q fwel¨‡Z

Kvwnbx Kve¨ †jLvi msKí cÖKvk K‡ib| nq‡Zv †mB msK‡íiB m„wó diiæL

Avng‡ì Ônv‡Zg ZvqxÕ|ÕÕ (diiæL iPbvejx t †gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjvn I Ave ỳj gvbœvb

•mq` m¤úvw`Z, c„ôv 363)|

Kwe-mgv‡jvPK †gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjvn D³ GKB MÖ‡‰  Av‡iv D‡jL

K‡i‡Qbt Òey×‡è emy, cÖg_bv_ wekx, weòz †`, Guiv wQ‡jb diiæL Avng‡ì

K‡jRRxe‡bi wk¶K| †gavex QvÎ I cÖwZfvevb Kwe wnmv‡e wZwb wQ‡jb

Gu‡ì wcÖqcvÎ| AmvaviY cÖwZfvi AwaKvix e‡j diiæL Avng`‡KI bvwK

†mmg‡q A‡b‡KB ÔwØZxq Avï‡ZvlÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Ki‡Zv| Zuvi mncvVx‡ì

g‡a¨ wQ‡jb mZ¨wRr ivq, d‡Zn †jvnvbx|Ó (H, c„ôv 364)|

†h NUbvi gva¨‡g Aa¨vcK cÖg_bv_ wekx I ey×‡è emy Zuv‡ì wcÖq

QvÎ diiæL Avng‡ì Kwe-cÖwZfv Avwe®‥vi K‡ib Zv A‡bKUv †K․ZzKcª`|

†gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjvn&i weeiYx‡Z GLv‡b †m NUbvwUi D‡jL KiwQ t

ÔÔdiiæL Avng` ZLb Avw ©̀i `vwg cvÄvex I wdbwd‡b aywZI ci‡Zb|

GKw`b e„wó‡Z wf‡R, aywZ-cvÄvex‡Z iv ̄ vi Kv`v gvwL‡q wZwb K‡j‡Ri

K¬v‡k G‡m nvwRi nb| ci‡Yi Kvco †fRv I K ©̀gv³ wQj e‡j wZwb wM‡q

e‡mb G‡Kev‡i †cQ‡bi †ewÂ‡Z| †mLv‡bB e‡m mevi Aj‡¶¨ wZwb GKwU

LvZvq KweZv wjL‡Z ïi  K‡ib| K¬vm wbwQ‡jb cÖL¨vZ mvwnwZ¨K cÖg_bv_

wekx| AvPgKv Zuvi „̀wó hvq diiæL Avng‡ì w`‡K| wZwb †Pqvi †Q‡o

e³…Zv-gÂ †_‡K †b‡g axi cv‡q GwM‡q hvb diiæL Avng‡ì Kv‡Q|

Aa¨vcK‡K †`‡L diiæL Avng` LvZvwU jyKv‡bvi †Póv K‡ib| wK‰‧ cÖg_bv_

wekxi mÜvbx „̀wó‡Z aiv c‡o GKRb bexb Kwei Kve¨-cÖqvm| ...H LvZvq

†jLv diiæL Avng‡ì K‡qKwU m‡bU c‡o wZwb we¯§q-wegy» nb Ges wUPvm©

Kgbi  †g wM‡q Ab¨vb¨ Aa¨vcK‡ì KweZv¸‡jv bvwK Ave„wË K‡i †kvbvb|

Awff‚Z K‡É Aa¨vcK wekx e‡jb †h, wZwb GKRb Zi  Y †m·cxqi‡K

Avwe®‥vi K‡i‡Qb| ey×‡è emy Aa¨vcK wekxi KvQ †_‡K diiæL Avng‡ì

KweZvi LvZvwU †P‡q wb‡q hvb Ges †mLvb †_‡K K‡qKwU KweZv Zuvi weL¨vZ

ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKvq cÖKvk K‡ib|ÕÕ (Aš—i½ Avjvcb t Ô†gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjvn-

kvnveywÏb Avng` m¤úvw`Z diiæL Avng` e¨w³ I KweÕ, c„ôv 140-141)|

G-mgqKvi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q Kwei Nwbô AvZ¥xq I eÜz Aa¨vcK wRj-yi

ingvb wmwÏKx wj‡L‡Qb t ÔÔdii  ‡Li cÖeYZv †Mj KweZvi w`‡K| Zvi

K‡jR eq‡m KweZv Zv‡K Ggbfv‡e †c‡q emj †h, GKRb †gavex QvÎ

nvwi‡q †Mj KweZvi †Zv‡o| evwjMÄ miKvix ¯‥z‡j K¬v‡mi dv÷eq

dii  ‡Li GB cwiYwZi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q `xN©k¦vm †dj‡Z †`‡LwQ

Ave″v‡KI †m ¯‥z‡ji †nW gv÷vi Kwe †Mvjvg †gv ̄ dv‡K|

ÒK‡j‡RI Av‡Qb, KweZvI wjL‡Qb, ivRbxwZi †Mvcb Mwj‡ZI

Pjv‡div n‡Q, nv‡Z †mZvi, ci‡Y †k․wLb aywZ-cvÄvex Dwbk wek eQ‡ii

GB diiæL Avng`‡K GKevi †`‡LwQjvg Zv‡ì hvècy‡ii evwo‡Z|ÕÕ

(diiæL fvB‡qi K_v t ÔwRj-yi ingvb wmwÏKx, kvnveyÏxb Avng` m¤úvw`Z diiæL

Avng` e¨w³ I KweÕ, cÖ_g ms¯‥iY, c„ôv 114)|

K‡j‡R Aa¨qbiZ Ae¯ vq diiæL Avng‡ì Kwe-L¨vwZ Qwo‡q c‡o

Ges Kwe wnmv‡e wZwb †gvUvgywU ¯̂xK…wZI jvf K‡ib| †m mgqKvi cÎ-

cwÎKvq Zuvi KweZv Qvcv n‡Z _v‡K| G-mgqKvi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q wewkó

Kwe I †jvKweÁvbx W±i Avkivd wmwÏKx Zuvi ¯§„wZ K_vq wj‡L‡Qb t

ÒAvgvi m‡½ hLb Zuvi (diiæL Avng`) †`Lv n‡q‡Q ZLb wZwb

hvècyi Zv‡ì wb‡Ri •Zwi ewo‡Z _v‡Kb; evoxi bvg w`‡qwQ‡jb

ÔA‡jvKcyixÕ| †m hy‡Mi Avav MÖvg¨ a~wj-a~mwiZ Qvqv-XvKv cvwL-XvKv GB

hvècy‡i bvwK Zuvi cov Avi Kve¨-mvabv Pj‡Zv Mfxi ivZ ch©‰ (Pj‡Zv

e¨vqvg mvabvI) AviI †kvbjvg wZwb ¯‥wUk PvP© K‡j‡R co‡Zb| weÂz †`,

cÖg_bv_ wekx, ey×‡è emy I †cÖ‡g‱`ª wgÎI bvwK Zuvi KweZv cQ‱` K‡ib|

Zuvi KweZv Qvcv nq ïay Ô†gvnv¤§`xÕ I ÔmIMv‡ZÕ bq, Ô†`kÕ ÔPZzi½Õ

ÔAiYxÕ ÔKweZvÕ, ÔcwiPqÕ BZ¨vw` cÖvq me¸wj cÖ_g †kªYxi cwÎKvq|ÕÕ

(Avkivd wmwÏKx t hv †`‡LwQ hv †R‡bwQ, hv †c‡qwQ)|

diiæL Avng‡ì Rxeb m¤ú‡K© Ave`yj gvb′vb •mq` m¤úvw`Z ÔdiiæL

Avng‡ì †kªô KweZvÕ MÖ‡‰ i cwiwkó As‡k ÔRxebcÄxÕ‡Z ms‡¶‡c †h

weeiY †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv wbg′iƒc t

ÔÔKg© t AvB, wR wcÖRb Awdm (1943); wmwfj mvc-vB (1944);

Ô†gvnv¤§`xÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`Kxq wefv‡Mi m‡½ hy³ RjcvB¸wo‡Z GKwU dv‡g©;

†`k-wefv‡Mi AeëwnZ c‡i cÖ_‡g AwbqwgZ I c‡i wbqwgZ Kg©Pvix wnmv‡e

†iwWI cvwK ̄ v‡bi XvKv †K‡‱ ª̀ †hvM`vb K‡ib, ¯̂vaxbZvi ci wZwb evsjv‡`k

†eZv‡i †hvM †`b Ges g„Zyï c~e© ch©‰ GB PvKzix‡ZB envj _v‡Kb|ÕÕ

m¤úv`K wnmv‡e diiæL Avng` h‡_ó K…wZ‡Z¡i cwiPq w`‡qwQ‡jb|

†Kej m¤úv`bv K‡g©B bq cÖwZfvai Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K‡ì‡K Av‰ wiKfv‡e

Drmvn cÖ`vb Ges Zv‡ì‡K m„wó-K‡g© DØy× Kivi †¶‡Î Zuvi ZrciZv wQj

HKvw‰ K| G e¨vcv‡i wZwb wQ‡jb AZ¨‰ D`vi| G m¤ú‡K© W±i

Avkivd wmwÏKxi c~‡e©v³ ¯§„wZK_v †_‡KB Avevi wKQyUv D×„wZ w`wQ t

ÔÔm¤úv`K wnmv‡e hÏyi ï‡bwQ, diiæL Avng` K…wZ‡Z¡i cwiPq

w`‡qwQ‡jb| bZzb wkíx-mvwnwZ¨K‡ì cÖwZ Zuvi wQj AK…wÎg ì`| wZwb

wb‡RB evi evi e‡j‡Qb, hviv bZzb G‡m‡Qb Zv‡ì cÖwZôv Kiv Avgv‡ì

•bwZK `vwqZ¡| ...Avgvi hZ ~̀i g‡b c‡o Kwe wmKv‱`vi Avey Rvdi cÖf„wZ

A‡bK‡K wZwb Zvov w`‡q †jLv Ges Rqbyj Av‡e`xb, mdxDwÏb I Kvgi  j

nvmv‡bi KvQ †_‡K Qwe Av`vq K‡i‡Qb| wK‰‧ ỳfv©MëkZ †gvnv¤§`xi

m¤úv`Kxq wefv‡M Zuvi PvKzix †ekxw`b  ̄vqx nqwb| †gvnv¤§`xi fvicÖvß

m¤úv`K _vKvKv‡j Zuvi iwPZ GKwU KweZv Ôjo‡K †j‡½ cvwK ̄ vbÕ wKQyUv

iè`j K‡i A‡bï bv‡g Ô•`wbK AvRv`Õ cwÎKvi m¤úv`Kxq wefv‡M Qvcv‡bvi

NUbv‡K †K‱ ª̀ K‡i diiæL Avng` cÖwZev` ¯̂iƒc gvwmK †gvnv¤§̀ xi PvKzix †_‡K

B ̄ dv †`b| G NUbv mgmvgwqK A‡b‡KiB Rvbv wQj| dii  ‡Li cÖwZev`x gb


G welq‡K †K‱ ª̀ K‡i ÔKweZv †Pv‡ii cÖwZÕ wb‡g′v³ m‡bUwU iPbv K‡ib t

ÔÔ†evgv gvwi‡jI †c‡U Kve¨ KYv nq bv evwni

KweZv Pzwi‡Z ZvB g‡bv‡hvMx e„× Ávbcvcx,

Amr Dcv‡q PvI bvg wKQy Kwi‡Z Rvwni

mZK© †`‡ki †jvK a‡i †d‡j AwP‡i Z_vwc|

†Pv‡ii `kg w`b †kl n‡j M„n‡¯ i w`b

Aek¨B Av‡m wd‡i (aiv c‡o hLb Z¯‥i

`yó †Q‡j‡ì nv‡Z †c‡q Zvi Ae  ̄v mswMb

`yÕcv‡k nvwmi †Zv‡o †d‡U c‡o cÖvPxb kni)|

AwfÁZv Av‡Q †Xi ZvB wKQy ¸u‡R w`‡q nv‡Z

Ghver †eu‡P †M‡Qv, wK‰‧ AvR M„n¯  K‡Vvi

wKwÂ‡ZÕi †jvf †Q‡o G cÖwZÁv K‡i‡Q mfv‡Z

†hgb K‡iB nDK bee‡l© aÕ‡i †`‡e †Pvi

mxmvi ni‡d bvg Qvwc‡q‡Q eû Rv‡bvqvi

evwo‡q Zv‡ì msL¨v †d‡j ïay KzL¨vwZ †``vi|ÕÕ

Gfv‡e Kwe-Rxe‡bi ïi  ‡ZB Zuvi cÖwZev`x g‡bi cwiPq my¯úó n‡q

D‡V‡Q| Rxe‡bi me©‡¶‡Î wZwb Zuvi Av`k© I bxwZ‡eva‡K m‡ev©P g~j¨

w`‡Zb| wb‡g©vn Rxe‡b wZwb A‡bK †jvf-cÖ‡jvfb‡K D‡c¶v K‡i‡Qb|

GRb¨ Zuv‡K Rxe‡b A‡bK Z¨vM I Kó ¯̂xKvi Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q|

Kwei cvwievwiK Rxeb

Kwei bvbv †gvnv¤§` ûigvZzjvni AvMÖ‡n 1942 mv‡ji b‡f¤̂i gv‡m

Avcb Lvjv‡Zv †evb •mq`v •Zqev LvZzb wjwji m‡½ diiæL Avng‡ì ïf

kvw` †gveviK mym¤úb′ nq| •Zqev LvZy‡bi evevi bvg •mq` b~i  j û`v|

bvbv ûigvZzj-vn bvwZ diiæL I bvZwb wjwj Dfq‡K Mfxi †m′n Ki‡Zb|

bvwZ †hgb wQ‡jb AmvaviY cÖwZfvm¤úb′, bvZwbI wQ‡jb A‡bKUv †Zgwb|

we‡qi e¨vcv‡i wb‡R gbw  ̄i K‡i bvbv ûigvZzj-vn diiæL Avng‡ì fvB

•mq` wmÏxK Avng`‡K cÎ gvidZ Rvbvb t

Ò†Zvgvi 28†k Zvwi‡Li cÎ cvBqv mwe‡kl AeMZ nBjvg| ...di‡ivL

(bvbv Gfv‡eB m‡¤§vab Ki‡Zb) eZ©gv‡b wK Kwi‡Z‡Q| Zvnvi‡Zv †jKPvi

Culture Av‡Q| Avi GKevi †Póv Kwi‡j fvj nq| GKUv Degry (Degree)

_vKv fvj| †m GKevi GLv‡b Avwm‡j Lye m‰‧ó nBZvg| Zvnvi hvZvqvZ LiP

Avwg w`‡Z cÖ ‧̄Z| wjwL‡jB Bbkvjvn cvVvBqv wè| wjwj‡K LyeB fvjevwm|

Zv‡K GKUv mycv‡Îi nv‡Z w`qv hvB‡Z cvwi‡j g‡bi kvw‰ nBZ| †m Ggb

my‱ì †jLvcov wkwLqv‡Q †h GKwU g~‡L©i mwnZ weevn nB‡j †m Rxe‡b gov

(giv) nBqv _vwK‡e| Zvnvi Rb¨ GKUy †Póv Ki| Mvwdjx KwiI bv|ÕÕ

diiæL Avng` ZLb KjKvZvq eo fvB wmÏxK Avng‡ì 38 w`jLykv

w÷ª‡U 6 b¤̂i mvK©vm †iv‡W emevm K‡ib| evwowU Zuv‡ì evevi UvKvq •Zwi

n‡qwQj| hvècy‡i H evwoi bvg Kwe wb‡RB w`‡qwQ‡jb ÔA‡jvKcyixÕ-W±i

Avkivd wmwÏKxi c~‡e©v×„Z e³e¨ †_‡K ÔAvgiv Zv Rvb‡Z cvwi| QvÎve  ̄vq

Ges we‡qi ci diiæL Avng` G cwiev‡i GLv‡bB wKQyKvj Ae  ̄vb K‡ib|

Kwei m‡½ we‡qi e¨vcv‡i Zuvi ¿̄xi Abyf‚wZ †Kgb wQj Zv Zuvi wb‡Ri

e³e¨ †_‡KB Dcjwä Kiv hvq| wZwb Kwei Bw‰ Kv‡ji ci wj‡L‡Qb t

ÒAvgv‡ì hLb we‡q nq, ZLb Avgvi eqm gvÎ †lvj| Avgiv MÖv‡gB

_vKZvg| m¤ú‡K© Kwe wQ‡jb Avgvi Lvjv‡Zv fvB| †m Kvi‡YB Zuv‡K wPbZvg

†QvU‡ejv †_‡KB| wZwb KweZv wjL‡Zb, ZvI RvbZvg| Avgv‡ì evox‡Z

Zuv‡K wb‡q Av‡jvPbv n‡Zv| Aek¨ we‡qi Av‡M Zuvi KweZv coevi †m․fvM¨

Avgvi nq wb| MÖv‡g _vKZvg, ZvB mvwn‡Zï m‡½ Lye cwiPqI wQ‡jv bv

Avgvi|... Zuvi Rxe‡bi m‡½ Avgvi Rxeb euvav c‡o hv‡e, Ggb K_v •kk‡e

KLbI †f‡ewQ e‡j g‡b c‡o bv| wK‰‧, Avjvni wK Amxg K…cv, Zuvi m‡½

Avgvi we‡q n‡jv! Avgv‡ì we‡qi e¨vcv‡i Avgvi bvbv †g․jwf †gvnv¤§`

ûigvZzjvn&i DrmvnB wQ‡jv me‡P‡q †ekx| Kwe Avgvi PvB‡Z eQi Av‡U‡Ki

eo n‡eb| Avgv‡ì hLb we‡q nq, ZLb wZwb †jLvcov †kl K‡i †d‡j‡Qb,

wK‰‧ PvKzix nqwb ZLbI| GKRb †eKv‡ii ms‡M Avgvi we‡q‡Z gyiwe″iv

†KDB †Kvb AvcwË K‡ib wb| Zuv‡ì nq‡Zv wek¦vm wQ‡jv †h, AwP‡iB di&i  L

PvKzix †c‡q hv‡e| Zuv‡ì wek¦vm wg_¨v nqwb| wZwb AwP‡iB KjKvZvq wmwfj

mvcvB Awd‡m GKUv PvKzix †c‡q hvb| PvKzix cvevi wKQyw`‡bi g‡a¨B wZwb

Avgv‡KI KjKvZvq wb‡q hvb|Ó (kvnveyÏxb Avng` m¤úvw`ZÑ di&i‚L Avn&g`t e¨w³

I Kwe, cÖ_g ms ‥̄iY-1984, c„ôv-44,45)|

Avcb Lvjv‡Zv †evb Ges bvbvi cQ‱` Kiv †g‡qi mv‡_ we‡q‡Z diiæL

AvngÌ †h †ek Lywk wQ‡jb Zv we‡q Dcj‡¶ †jLv Zuvi ÔDcnviÕ kxl©K

KweZv †_‡K ¯úó Dcjwä Kiv hvq| KweZvwU ÔmIMvZÕ cwÎKvq AMÖnvqY

1939 msL¨vq Qvcv nq| GLv‡b †mwU D×„Z n‡jv t

Dcnvi

Avgiv `yÕR‡b aivi ayjvq euvae evmi-Ni,

i‡e wPiw`b G ¯^q¤^‡i m‡Zï ¯̂v¶i,

i‡e wPiw`b weevn-jM′

iBe †cÖ‡gi gay‡Z gM′

nv‡Z nvZ †i‡L Pje Avgiv A‰ ‡i A‰ i;

Avgiv `yÕR‡b aivi ayjvq euvae evmi-Ni \

†h_v Zzwg Av‡Qv †h_v Avwg AvwQ, †hLv‡b G cwiPq

†mLv‡b i‡e bv †Kvbw`b Avi †Kvb fq, mskq|

Avgvi †cÖ‡gi K‡cvZ-K‡cvZx


Av‡jvK-wcqvmx E‡a″©i †R¨vwZ

i‡e wPiw`b Avgv‡ì †Pv‡L gaygq fv¯î,


wgj‡e cÖfvZ, mÜ¨v, iRbx weev‡ni Drm‡e,

Avgv‡ì N‡i wbZ¨ †cÖ‡gi wgj‡bvrme n‡e|

cvwo w`‡q hv‡ev mvM‡i ZiYx,

Avgv‡ì †gv‡n RvM‡e aiYx

AkÖ  †kvwb‡Z fvmv‡ev aivi Avkªq e‱ì;


wbweo euva‡b wPiw`b †gviv euvav i‡ev cvkvcvwk,

`y‡h©vM iv‡Z, AvNv‡Z, e¨_v‡Z †dvUv‡ev †cÖ‡gi nvwm,

†dvUv‡ev D‡×© KÈKnxb

ivOv kZ`j wbZ¨ bexb,

mvg‡b ùvov‡j cÖjq-fv½b cve bv Avgiv Wi;


kZ fv½‡bi gy‡L M‡o hve †gviv kZ evjyPi

gy‡LvgywL n‡q K_v K‡e iv‡Z Zviv-†Niv A¤î

ARvbv †h c_ i‡q‡Q we_vwiÕ

wbf©‡q †è †mB c_ cvwo

c_-cÖv‡‰ i †dvUv dzj Zy‡j Qove aiYx ci;

Avgiv `yÕR‡b aivi ayjvq e uvae evmi-Ni \

†h_v Zzwg Av‡Qv, †h_v Avwg AvwQ, †h_v Av‡Q fvjevmvÑ

†hLv‡b wbZ¨ †cÖ‡gi wkLvq Rv‡M Rxe‰ Avkv,

†m_v G‡m †gviv ùvove `yÕR‡b

nv‡Z nvZ †i‡L gb †i‡L g‡b

RvMv‡ev †mLv‡b cÖvY-Drme wewPÎ my‱ì


(ÔmIMvZÕ, AMÖnvqY 1349)

Kwei ¿̄xi WvK bvg wjwj, Zv Av‡MB DwjwLZ n‡q‡Q| ÔwjwjÕ bv‡g

GKwU KweZv Ôg„wËKvÕ cwÎKvi em‰ 1349 msL¨vq Qvcv nq| Ôwjwj

Avng`Õ bv‡g GKwU KweZvI Qvcv nq ÔmIMvZÕ cwÎKvq| G `yÕwU KweZvq

be-cwiYxZv ¿̄xi cªwZ Kwei Mfxi Abyiv‡Mi K_v A‰ i½ Kwe-fvlvq

cwie¨³ n‡q‡Q| ÔwjwjÕ KweZvwU GLv‡b D×„Z n‡jvt

wjwj

cÙve‡b cÖfvZ mgxi‡Y †h †g‡j‡Q `j,

†`‡L‡Q †m jxjvKgj iw³g D¾¡j,

†fvi bv n‡Z c_ †P‡q †h cvcwo †g‡j Av‡Q

D`q‡bi ïå wefv wdi‡Q Zvnvi Kv‡Q|

†Zvgvi †m․fvM¨ wjwj! wPiw`b bem~h© mv‡_Ñ

cvi n‡q Kvj g„Zz¨ Dw`Z †h bexb Avkv‡Z

ZvKvq †Zvgvi cv‡b, Zzwg wd‡i PvI Zvi gy‡L,

m~‡h©ï †K․ZzK wjwj, wPiw`b †Zvgvwi †K․Zz‡K|

†m-cÖvY DQj `xwß K¶c‡_ wbZ¨ MwZgvb

AvKÚ wccvmv Ze c~Y© K‡i w`qv †kl `vb,

cigeÜzi g‡Zv Zvici ZvKvq cyj‡K;

†Zvgiv RvwMqv D‡Vv m~h©| wjwj| Av‡jvi Sj‡K|

†Zvgv‡ì `yÕRbvi `xN©ivwÎ Aemvb n‡q Gj wjwj|

nvRvi SY©vi g‡Zv cÖ_g m~‡h©i Av‡jv †L‡j wSwjwgwj,

AÜKv‡jv AveQvqv m‡i hvq cÖfv‡Zi Av‡jvi Pz¤̂‡b;

Rv‡Mv m~h©! Rv‡Mv wjwj! jM′ G‡jv ivwÎ‡k‡l a~wj‡Z MM‡Y|

Rxe‡b †Zvgvi wewPÎ Drme, G‡Ki c‡i †gj‡Q †m Avi `j,

cvcwo †Lvj, †Kb-ev, cÖmvab, wbkvm †Zvgvi †mB †Zv cwigj|

†Zvgvq †c‡q cÖfvZ-Av‡jvi Ny‡P‡Q AvR wZwgi-mskq,

eY© †Zvgvi m~h© Zby n‡ZÑMÜ Zvnvi A¶q mÂq|

(Ôg„wËKvÕ, emš— 1349)

diiæL Avn&g` wZb Kb¨v I AvU cyÎ m‰ v‡bi RbK wQ‡jb| Giv

n‡jv : •mq`v kvgvi  L evby (giûgv), •mq`v jvjvi  L evby, •mq`

Ave`yjv‡nj gvngy` (giûg), •mq` Ave`yjv‡nj gvmy` (giûg), •mq`

gbRy‡i Gjvnx (giûg), •mq`v Bqvmwgb evby, •mq` gyn¤§`

AvLZvi  ¾vgvb [Avng` AvLZvi], •mq` gyn¤§` Iqvwn`y¾vgvb (evPz),

•mq` gyLwjmyi ingvb, •mq` Lwjjyi ingvb I •mq` gyn¤§` Ave`yû

(giûg)|

cvwK ̄ vb cÖwZôvi GK eQi ci 1948 mv‡j Kwe KjKvZv †Q‡o

 ̄vqxfv‡e XvKvq P‡j Av‡mb| XvKvq G‡m cÖ_‡g I‡Vb Kwe †ebRxi

Avng‡ì AvMvgwmn †j‡bi evmvq| Gici mcwiev‡i evmv euv‡ab

Kgjvcy‡i| †mLv‡b GKUvbv ev‡iv eQi fvov Kiv wUb‡kW evmvq Kwe

mcwiev‡i emevm K‡ib| GLvbKvi wVKvbv t 1 bs †nvmv‡j Avjg wfjv, †cv:


Iqvix, XvKv| Zvici kvw‰ bM‡i eQiLv‡bK Ges cieZx©‡Z GKUvbv cuvP

eQi 220-gvjxev‡M emevm K‡ib| Gici 7/5 B¯‥vUb Mv‡W©b K‡jvwbi

miKvix evmfe‡b emevm K‡ib g„Zz¨Kvj Aewa| Kwei mvsmvwiK I

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`„wói GKUv my¯úó AvfvmI dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

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