Desmistificando os Codecs - Guilherme Albuk - FilmeCon
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Transcript of Desmistificando os Codecs - Guilherme Albuk - FilmeCon
![Page 1: Desmistificando os Codecs - Guilherme Albuk - FilmeCon](https://reader033.fdocument.pub/reader033/viewer/2022052911/559d67b01a28ab94678b45a8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DESMISTIFICANDOOS CODECS
GUILHERME ALBUK
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Guilherme Albuk
Formado em Audiovisual na USPArtista de VFX e motion graphics
Na área desde 2003Atuação em longas e curtas-metragens nacionais e internacionais, televisão e
publicidade.
Fundador e diretor da
N-PIX | Escola online de artes digitaishttp://n-pix.com
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PROBLEMAS DIÁRIOS
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Arquivos gigantes para mandar pela Internet
WRITE YOUR SUBITTLE HERE.
Arquivos que não abrem no computador do cliente
Roda no Windows e não no Mac (e vice-versa)
Baixa qualidade
Desperdício de hardware e pessoal
Vídeo lento em programas de edição e composição
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CODECS SÃO DIFERENTES
RESPOSTAS PARA UM
PROBLEMA:
ARMAZENAR E TRANSMITIR
SEQUÊNCIAS DE IMAGENS DE
FORMA EFICIENTE
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CONCEITOS
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CODECS x
CONTAINERS
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CODECS
Compressão
Algoritmo
CONTAINER
Formato de arquivo
Forma de organizar a informação
MPEG-2
DV
H:264
H:265
Apple ProRes
ZIP
JPEG / JPEG2000
.mov
.avi
.mp4
.tif
.wmv
Formatos RAW
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=
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1
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=
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1
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=
4x1
1 2x0 1
1 2x0 1
4x1
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1
FilmePEG-1
RLERun-length encoding
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=
4x1
1 2x0 1
repete anterior
repete primeira
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1
FilmePEG-2
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=
4x1
1 2x0 1
repete tudo
ivnertendo
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1
FilmePEG-4
Compressão espacial
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BITRATEDADOS ARMAZENADOS POR
SEGUNDO DE VÍDEO
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Kb
Mb
KB
MB
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Kb
Mb
KB
MB
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Kb
Mb
KB
MB
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00000
1111=
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8 Mbps = 1 MB por segundo
60 MB por minuto
3.6 GB por hora KB
MB
BITRATEDADOS ARMAZENADOS POR
SEGUNDO DE VÍDEO
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KB
MB
NÃO NECESSARIAMENTE
QUANTO MAIOR O BITRATE,
MELHOR A QUALIDADE DO VÍDEO?
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0.
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mpixel/Mbps
DV720x48025 Mbps
EFICIÊNCIA
=
QUALIDADE
BITRATE
MPEG-2 HDV1920x1080
25 Mbps
H:2641920x1080
8 Mbps
H:265 HEVC
1920x1080
5 Mbps
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DESCONSTRUINDO
UM CODEC
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I-FRAMESIntra-coded frames
Frames independentesSomente há compressão espacial
Alto bitrate
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P-FRAMESPredictive frames
Baseia-se em frames anteriores
Baixo bitrate
Frame 1 P2P1
Frame 2
+ =
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B-FRAMESBi-predictive frames
Baseia-se em frames anteriores e posteriores
Beixíssimo bitrate
Produzido em 2-pass encodings
+ +
Frame 1 Frame 3
Frame 2
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COMPRESSÃO TEMPORAL
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LOSSY x
LOSSLESS
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CBR x
VBR (QR?)
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BIT DEPTH
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captação intermediação exibição
RAW
Apple ProRes
AVCHD (H:264)
Quicktime (H:264)
CinemaDNG
Apple ProRes
Avid DNxHD / DNxHR
DPX
TIFF (ZIP)
OpenEXR (multicanal e
multicompressão - PIZ)
H:264 (container .mp4)
x264 (QR 22-20)
H:265
JPEG2000 (DCP)
Emissoras têm regras
específicas
I-Frames I-Frames I, P e B-FramesMaster
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OBRIGADO :)
@albuk /gui.albuk