DEP 2004 Presentation

7/29/2019 DEP 2004 Presentation

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Part One: The FirstTwoYears


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From infancy to toddler hood includes:

Physical and brain changes

Development of reflexes

Motor skills Sensations

Perceptions

Learning skills

Health issues


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Piaget's sensormotor stage:

Object permanence(memory)

Infants and toddlers learn by doing: looking, hearing, touching, grasping, and sucking.

Knowledge that out-of-sight objects still exist.

Receptive language is the abilityunderstand language before actually

speaking it.

Expressive vocabulary using their own

words to effectively convey meaning,

feeling, or mood.

Language


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Emotional Intelligence

Ability to motivate oneself.

Interpersonal Intelligence

Ability to understand other people.

Attachment Behavior

Affect ional bond one individual

forms for another.

Affiliative Behavior

Encourages infants to enter into relationships with

other members of the human species.

Exploratory Behavior

Permits babies to explore their environment

knowing they are safe in company of trusted adults.


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Motor development

Reaching, grasping, crawling, and walking.

Manual Skills

Start from the center of the body toward the periphery.

Sensory development

Vision, hearing, smells, tastes, and feels.

Reception of information beings with the sensory organs

and interpretation through perception is associated with this

Stage of development.
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SIDS: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Drug addicted babies (Crack Babies)

FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Genetic Disorders


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Part 2: EarlyChildhood

Ages 2 to 6


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Children 2 to 6 years old are mostly slim, although height & weightvariations are noted based on genetic & environmental factors.

Motor Skills

Healthy children are constantly active; jumping, or hopping at any possibility.

Fine Motor SkillsConstantly testing their levels, they prefer complicated tasks.


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Piagets Theory of Properational Period

Children increase the use of language and symbols, while interpreting

behavior mostly limited to Egocentrism.

Theory of Mind

Awareness & understanding of others, how they think & will act.

Language & Memory

Language and memory skills continue to

improve during early childhood.
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Self EsteemEmotional development is an essentialComponent of a childs sense of self-

awareness.

Self- Awareness

Prepares them to be self-confident,

trusting, empathic, intellectually inquisitive,competent, capable of understanding,& adjusting well to others

(Is My Child on Track?, 2007).

Gender Identification

Recognition of gender roles is a major

developmental task during this stage.


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Facial expressions, body language, & gesturesreflect a greater ability & awareness of cultural

values & standards.

Demonstrations of understanding emotional

information & reactions.

Affectionate bonds can be observed between family members &

caregivers.
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AggressionBehavior that is socially defined as injurious

or destructive.

Prevention and early intervention are the besthopes of diverting children from this path.

Media influences foster aggressive behavior

in a number of ways by reinforcing this behavior.


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Children grow more slowly & become more skilled in controlling their bodies.

Growth, Body Changes & Motor Development

Brain DevelopmentBrains appear to be organized differently then adults & conditions such as dyslexic,

disabilities, and gifted abilities are apparent.

Health & Fitness IssuesThis is the stage where children are healthiest.


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Piagets Period of Concrete Operations

Integration of the powerful, abstract, internal

schemas such as identity, reversibility, classification,

& serial ordering.

LanguageChildren continue to acquire phonological distinctions,

vocabulary, semantics, syntax, formal discourse patterns,

and complex aspects of pragmatics in their first language.
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Self- Regulated Behaviors

Child learn to regulate their emotions, to get along with classmates, friends,teammates, & relatives.

Understand Emotions & Coping with Anger, Fear, Stress, & TraumaAcross gender, ethnicity, & social economic status, children have more fears of

death or social violence.

Stress & AnxietyLearning coping strategies

are the childs sense of

mastery & control.


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Motivation influences the rate of learning,retention of information, & performance.

Child show a steady & progressive interest of

cross-gender as they advance toward puberty.

Children can now notice racial identification

as well.


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Risks include: accidents, contagious illness, obesity, eatingdisorders, and sedentary lifestyles.

Stereotyping due to physical appearance which can lead to

problems with self-acceptance.

Bullying or aggressive behavior which involves an imbalance of

power or strength towards another person.

Prejudice, system of negative feelings or actions towards a member

of a particular religious, racial, or ethnic group.
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Part Four: Adolescence

Ages 13 to 18


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Puberty:Period in life cycle when sexual and reproductive

maturation becomes evident.

Biological Changes:Hormones manufacture estrogen in females and testosterone

In males. Physical changes also become visually apparentfor both genders.

Neurological changes and overall brain size remain about the

same, however white matter changes improved of

neurological transmission allow improved reasoning planning,

and impulse control.


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Piagets Period of Formal Operations:The final and highest stage in the development of Cognitive functioning from

infancy to adulthood. The ability to deal efficiently with complex problems

involved in reasoning. Ability to imagine many outcomes to a solution.Moral Development:At this stage individuals are likely to be concerned with moral values and

principles. They undergo major changes organizing their thinking about

government, and society.


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Family and Peers:Relative influence of the two groups vary

Depending on the issues. Teens benefit from parent relationships

& seek advice on issues of finance, education, and careers. Teensseek advice from peers on clothing, hairstyle, dating, and music.

Peer pressure plays a predominant role. Teens desire open

communication with parents.

Courtship, Love, and Sexuality:Difficult adjustments include transition to adulthood revolving

around sexuality, sexual orientation, and sexual expression.


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Preparing for the work world:

Transition from childhood to adulthood is preparation for finding &keeping a job in adult years.

Balancing work and school:Good working conditions boost moral and motivation, bad working

conditions hurt moral, lower self-esteem, and or be a factor in drop

outs from school.

Family Relationships:Helpful and social learned behaviors can be transmitted from family

upbringing to transcend into their adulthood.


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Alcohol and other substance abuse

Juvenile delinquency

HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases

Teenage pregnancy

Body art and tattooing

Eating disorders

Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and Suicide


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Beta Education.Com. (2007). Is My Child on Track? Retrieved on 11/11/07,

from http://www.education.com/reference/article/Ref_Social_Emotional/

Chandell, T. (8th Ed). (2007). Human Development. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill

CliffsNotes.com. Cognitive Development: Age 26. 14 Nov 2007Retrieved on 11/10/07, from http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/Cliffs

ReviewTopic/topicArticleId-26831,articleId-26773.html

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DEP 2004 Presentation

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