Curs de Limba Engleza
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CURS DE LIMBA ENGLEZAFormule de salut Buna dimineata-Good morning Buna ziua-Good afternoon Buna seara-Good evening Noapte buna-Good night La revedere-Good bye Pa-Bye Salut-Hello-Hy O zi buna-Good day-Have a nice day Ne vedem mai tarziu-See you later Ne vedem data viitoare-See you next time Pana data viitoare-Until next time Would(wud) you like to repeat theat-sunteti amabil sa repetati ce-ati spus? Would you be so kind repeat?-Sunteti binevoitor sa repetati? I beg your pardon?-Ce-ai spus? What did you say?-Ce-ai spus? Excuse me,could you repeat?-Ma scuzati puteti sa repetati?Prezentarea persoanelorThis is..and this is.-acesta esteMay I introduce...-Imi dati voie sa va prezint.?Let me introduce.to you-Lasati-ma sa vi-l prezint pe.vouaGlad to meet you-Sunt bucuros ca te cunoscPleas to meet you-Incantat sa te cunoscNice to meet you-Imi pare bineHow do you do-Imi pare bine.Buna ziua(ca raspuns)Hello! How are you?-Buna! Ce mai faci?Hi,how are things? - Salut,cum merg lucrurile ?Hi,how are you doing? - Salut,ce mai faci?Very well,thank you and how are you? -Foarte bine,multunesc,si tu ?Not se well I'm afraid - Mi-e teama ca nu prea bineShall I.-sa fac eu?Could I. -pot eu sa ?Do you want me to.?-vrei tu ca eu sa fac.Would you like me to..?-ti-ar placea tie ca eu sa fac.?Thanks.That`s very kind of you. -Mersi e foarte dragut din partea ta.That would be great(greit)! -Ar fi nemaipomenit(minunat)!No,don`t bother! I can do it myself.-Nu,nu te deranja,pot sa fac si singur.No,it`s all night.I can manage(menidj).-Nu,e-n regula.Ma descurc si singur.A cere ajutorulWill you. ,please? -Vrei tu sa.te rog.Would you.,please? -Ati vrea dumneavoastra.Do you think you could.? -Crezi ca ai putea.Would you mind.?Yes,of cours.Sure -DesigurI will be glad to -Asi fi bucuros sa te ajut.I`m sorry,but -imi pare rau dar.I`m a fraid I -ma tem ca.I would like to,but.-Mi-ar place,dar.Thank you! -multumesc!Thanks (a lot)! -mersi!I am grateful to you! -Imi pare bine sa fac asta!That's all right! -E-n regula!Never mind! -Nici nu mai pomeni!You're welcome! -Cu placere!Sit down please! -Luati loc!Sit! -Stai jos!Stand up please! -Ridicati-va!Stand up! -Ridica-te!I don't know -Nu stiuI'm sorry,I don't know! -Imi pare rau nu stiuVehicule - VehiclesBicycle - bicicleta (baisikl)Ferry-boat - feribot (feribout)
Scooter- scuter (sku:ta)(steam)ship - vapor ((sti:m)sip)
Motor-cycle - motocicleta (moutasaikl)Yacht - iaht (yot)
(motor-)car - automobil (moutaka:)Bus - autobuz (bas)
Train - tren (trein)Trolley-bus - troleibuy (trolibas)
(air)plane, aeroplane - avion(eaplein, earaplein)Tram - tramvai (traem)
Helicopter - elicopter (helikopta)Lorry - camion (lori)
Boat - barca (bout)Truck - camion (trak)
Grupul de intrebari care incep cu WH(WH Questions)Where -unde,de unde,incotro?When -cand?How -cum?Which -care,pe care?Who -cine,pe cine?What -ce,care,cum?Why -de ce?EXEMPLE:WhereWhere are you going? -Unde te duci?Where is he(she) living? -Unde locuieste?Where is the exit? -Unde este iesirea?Where are zou working? =Where do you work?-Unde lucr.?Where are zou from? -De unde este?WhenWhen is he(she) coming? -Cand vine el sau ea?When did it happen? -Cand s-a intamplat?HowHow ould are you?=What is your age?-Cati ani ai ?How are you?How do you do!How mony? -Cati,cate?How much? -Cat,cate?WhichWhich one? -Pe care?Which hause? -Care casa? sau A cata casa?WhoWho is there? -Cine-i acolo?Who is coming? -Cine vine?Who are you? -Cine esti?Who is he(she)? -Cine este el(ea)?WhatWhat is your name? -Cum te numesti tu?What are you doing? -Ce faci?So what.Big deal! -Ei si,ce-i cu asta!Mare scofala!What do you do? -Ce ocupatie aveti?What do you do for living? -Ce faci ca sa-ti castigi existentaWhat time? -La ce ora?WhyWhy are you coming? -De ce vii?Why are you craying? -De ce plangi?Why did you go there? -De ce te-ai dus acolo?Ora familiara - Colloquial TimeOra oficiala - Standard Time
12 -Twelve o'clockTwelve hours
12.05 - Five(minutes)past twelveTwelve five
3.10 - Ten(minutes) past threeThree ten
5.15 - (A)quarter past fiveFive fifteen
7.20 - Twenty(minutes)past sevenSeven twenty
9.25 - Twenty-five(minutes)past nineNine twenty-five
13.30 - Half-past oneThirttn thirty
18.35 - Twenty-five(min.)to sevenEighteen thirty-five
20.40 - Twenty(minutes) to nineTwenty forty
21.45 - (A)quarter to tenTwenty-one forty-five
22.50 - Ten(minutes)to elevenTwenty-two fifty
23.55 - Five(minutes) to twelveTwenty-three fifty-five
24.00 - Twelve o'clockTwenty-four hours
Daily life - viata de zi cu zi (deili laif)Daily - zilnic, cotidianRoutines - rutina, obisnuintaAt noon - la pranzMidnight - miezul noptiiMidday(noon) - mijlocul zileiPast - trecut, peste (pa:st)Get up - trezeste-te To - fara (ta)Wake up - a se trezi Quarter - sfert ('kwota)Get dressed - imbracareaCome home - a veni acasaAlways - intotdeaunaHave breakfast - a lua micul dejunUsually - de obiceiTo wear - a purtaOften - adeseaUsually - de obicei (ijuali)Sometimes - cateodataNever - niciodataWhat time is it ? - Cat este ceasul ?It's two o'clock. - Este ora 2.What time do you get up? - La ce ora te trezesti?Where do you work ? - Unde lucrezi?What do you wear ? - Ce porti (cu ce esti imbracat)?When(Where) do you eat ? - Cand(Unde) mananci ?Haw do you travel ? - Cum calatoresti ?What about you ? - Dar tie?Not really - nu chiarSpare time - timp liberBoring - plictisitorExciting - deosebit, nemaipomenitGood fun - distractivGood exercise - exercitiu bunHabits - obiceiuriSlob - hraparet, maniacViewing - vizionareSoaps - telenoveleHang-gliding-catarareSoap operas - telenovele f. lungiRiding - calarieSocer - fotbalGardening - gradinaritSquash - tenis la pereteClimbing - alpinismGame shows - jocuri de norocCollecting stamps - colect.de timbreFishing - pescuitFilms - filme artisticeIn the gym - in sala de gimnasticaIn the swimming pool - in bazinIn the caf - in cafeneaOn a squash court - pe terenul de tenis la pereteOn the ruming track - pe pista de alergariOn a tennis court - teren de sportIn the shop - la magazinOut door - in afaraIn door - in salaHome sick - dor de casaTo ride - a calatoriLifetime - in timpul vietiiOnli - numaiWaist - mijloc(corp uman)Shopkeeper - patronTo wait - a asteptaTo be -a fiI am (I'm)We are (We're)You are (You're)You are (You're)He is (He's)They are (They're)She is (She's)It is (It's)Forma negativaI am not-I'm notWe are not-We're not-We aren'tYou are not -You're notYou are not-You're not-You aren't-You aren'tThey are not-They're not-They aren'tHe is not -He's not-He isn'tShe is not -Sh's notIt is not -It's notOBS.Ain't (eint) -se foloseste la toate timpurile(incorect d.p.d.v.gramatical)Forma interogativ-afirmativAm IAre weAre youAre youIs He,She,ItAre theyRaspunsSg.Yes I am /No I'm notYes you are /No you are notYes He(She,It) is /No it isn'tPl.Yes we are /No we aren'tYes you are /No you're notYes they are/No they are notInterogativ-negativAm I not-Aren'I?Are we not-Aren't we?Are you not-Aren't you?Are you not-Aren't you?Is he(she,it)not-Isn't he(she,it)?Are they not-Aren't they?Functiile verbului TO BE1. A. Verb auxiliar pentru formarea aspectului comunEx:I'am reading-eu citescB. Verb auxiliar pentru formarea diatezei pasiveEx:I'am seen-eu sunt vazut2. Verb modalTo be to-a urma sa,a trebui sa,a fi saEx:I'am to read-trebuie(urmeaza)sa citesc3. Verb principal -atunci cand este urmat de un adverb de locEx:We are at home-noi suntem acasaThey are in the park-ei sunt in parcSemnele de punctuatiePunctul-Full stopSemnul intrebarii-Queston markSemnul exclamarii-Exclamation markDoua puncte-ColonPunct si virgula-SemicolonVirgula-CommaLinia de despartire-Dash(deas)Cratima-Hyphen(haifen)Ghilimelele-Inverted commasSi-AndSfarsit-EndApostrof-ApostrophWhat can I do for you?-Cu ce te pot ajuta?Zilele saptamanii.Monday-luniTuesday-martiWednesday-miercuriThursday-joiFriday-vineriSaturday-sambataSunday-duminicaLunile anuluiJanuaryJuly(giulai)FebruaryAugust (ogast)March SeptemberApril (eipril)OctoberMay (mei)NovemberJune (giun)December(disember)AnotimpurileSpring-primavaraSummer-varaAutumn-toamna(Fall-fool)Winter(uinter)-iarnaWeather - vremeLovely - placutTerrible - groaznicAwful - f.urat,mai mult decat groaznicRaing - ploiosWet - udWindy - vant(bate vantul)Cold - receSunny - insoritHot - arsita (fierbinte)Degrees - gradeTemperature - temperatura (temprecion)Yesterday and last week - ieri si saptamana trecutaI really enjoyed - mi-a placut multPlaces to visit - locuri de vizitatBest wishes - cele mai bune urariWith all my love - cu toata dragostea meaThe forest - padureaMountains - munteStream - rauLake - lacRock - stancaThe seaside - mareHarbour - portBeach - plajaSea - mareThe desert - desertulSize - marimiSand - nisipSmall - micDune - dunaHuge - imensSandy - nisipoasaBig - mareSky - cerHigh - inaltPalmtrees - palmieriTall - inaltDimension - dimensiuniCrowded - aglomeratShallow - intinsEmpty - golDepth - adancQuiet - liniste (acasa: shat up)Noisy - galagieQuuetness - tacereGolden - auriuSilver - argintiuBlue - albastruFunctiile pronumelui 'it'1.Pronume personal,persoana a treia sg.,gen neutru -folosit pentru obiecte si notiuni abstracte,nepersonificate,animale nepersonificate si carora nu li se cunosc sexul sau sunt luate in sens generic.Ex:Here is a book. It is very interesting.How ould is your baby? It is five months ould.2.Pronume personal-folosit pentru a indica:a. Timpul dupa calendar sau ceasIt is six o'clock on the 4th of February.b. Scurgerea timpuluiIt is getting lake -se face tarziuc. Starea atmosfericaIt is getting dark -se intunericesteIt's rather cloudy -mai degraba e inoratd. Fenomene meteorologice si naturaleIt is raining cats and dogs -ploua cu galeata(torential)e.It thunders -tunaIt lightens -fulgeraIt is ten degrees above zero -sunt +10f. DistanteleIt'snearly ten kilometres to Albota-sunt aproape 10 km pana la Albota.g. Starea lucrurilor in generalIt's ok sau it's all right!3.Pronume demonstrativ (echivalent cu That sau Which rsferindu-se la ceva vazut sau mentionat inainte)He expressed his sympathies -si-a prezentat condoleanteleIt was nice of him (to do that) -dragut din partea lui (sa faca asta)4.Pronume introductiva.Introductiv anticipativ-are rolul de a introduce propoyitia printr-un subiect formal deoarece subiectul real este deplasat dupa numele predicativ pentru a-l scoate in evidenta.Ex:It's nice to see /seeing such a garden -este o placere sa vezi o asmenea gradina.Subiectul real se poate exprima prin:1.Infinitivul lung -'to see'2.Constructii gerumviale 818e43i 3.O propozitie subiectiva,de obicei introdusa prin conjunctia That.b.Introductiv de intarire sau subliniere avand rolul de a sublinia foarte puternic sau de a scoate in evidenta oricare parte a propozitiei cu exceptia predicatului.Ex:It's Peter who/that solved all the problems.-Peter este cel care a rezolvat toate problemele.5.Pronume nesemnificativ -folosit ca, complement direct formal mai ales al unor verbe intranzitive.Acest tip de pronume apare frecvent in engleza vorbita.Ex:Shall we cab it to the station ? -Sa luam taxiul pana la statie. No,I' would rather foot it. -Nu,prefer sa merg pe jos.Legume,verdeturi - Vegetables, herbs
Potato(es) - cartof(I) (pateitou(z))
Tomato(es) - rosie, rosii tama:tou(z)
Beans - fasole (bi:nz)
Peas - mazare (pi:z)
Cabbage - varza (kaebidj)
Carrot - morcov (kaerat)
Cucumber - castravete (kyu:kamba)
Egg-plant;auberginevanata (egpla:t;oubaji:n)
Mushrooms - ciuperci (masrumz)
Radish - ridiche (raedis)
Spinach - spanac (spinidj)
Lettuce - salata verde (letis)
Onion - ceapa (anyan)
Garlic - usturoi (ga:lik)
Hot peper - ardei iute (hot pepa)
Articolul (The article)Este un instrument gramatical care individualizeaza sau determina un substantiv._Articol hotarat-the definite article_Articol nehotarat -the indefinite article_Articolul zero -the zero article The definite article -se refera la unul sau mai multi oameni,locuri,lucruri sau idei specifice.Nu isi schimba forma chiar daca substantivul este la singular sau la plural.THEa -inaintea cuvintelor care incep cu o consoana.The ball-mingeaThe balls-mingileThe windou-fereastraThe windous-ferestreleThe hotel-hotelulThe hotelsThe cat-pisicaThe cats-pisicilei -inaintea cuvintelor care incep cu o consoana sau semiconsoana.The appels-marul(merele)The eyes-ochiul(ochii)The ideas-ideea(ideile)The oranges-portocalaThe umbrellas-umbrela The indefinite article-se foloseste inaintea substantivului atunci cand ne referim la ceva in general sau il mentionam pentru prima data.Apple - mar (aepl)Raspberry - zmeura (ra:zbari)
Pear - para (pea)Walnut - nuca (wo:lnat)
Grape - strugure (greip)Nuts - alune (nats)
(Sweet)cherry - cireasa (swi:t)tseriOrange - portocala (orindj)
Morello - visina (marelou)Tangerine - mandarina (taendjarin)
Peach - piersica (pi:ts)Lemon - lamaie (leman)
Apricot - caisa (eprikot)Banana - banana (bana:na)
Plum - pruna (plam)Fig - smochina (fig)
Quince - gutuie (kwins)Ananas - ananas (ana:nas)
Strawberry - capsuna (stro:bari)
Produse lactateMilk - lapte (milk)
Yog(h)urt - iaurt (youga:t)
Butter - unt (bata)
Cream - smantana (kri:m)
Whipped cream - frisca (wipt kri:m)
Cheese - cascaval, branza topita (tsi:z)
Swiss cheese - svaiter (swis tsi:z)
AA-inaintea cuvintelor care incep cu o consoana sau semiconsoana.Ex:A mountain -un munteA dog -un caineA cat -o pisicaA wall -un pereteA university -o universitateA European Country -o tara europeanaAn-se fol. Inaintea cuvintelor care incep cu o vocala si a cuvintelor care incep cu litera 'h' dar care nu se pronunta.Ex:an engel -un ingerAn enemy -un dusmanAn ideea -o ideeAn orange -o portocalaAn umbrella -o umbrelaAn hour -o oraAn honest man -un om onestAn honorable man -un om de onoare Articolul zero -substantivul se foloseste cateodata fara articol atunci cand se vorbeste in general.Aceste substantive sunt de obicei nenumarabile sau la plural.Money is importantTurists are welcome here -turistii sunt bineveniti aici.Urmatoarele substantive sunt folosite de obicei fara articol atunci cand este vorba de :_nume de tari sau oraseFranceParisRomaniaBucharest_nume de persoane: John,Jane,Mr.Smith,Mrs.Smith,Miss(Ms)Smith_mancaruri:They are having breakfast-ei iau micul dejunBreakfast -mic dejunLunch -masa de pranz, gustare de pranz, dejun (oficial)Dinner -cina,masa de seara, dineu(supper)Brunch(bruanci)-masa de pranz luata mai devreme_in anumite expresii:by car-cu mesinaby bus-cu autobuzulby plane-cu avionulby train-cu trenulat home-acasaat school-la scoalato school-spre scoalato work-spre munca(slujba,serviciu)to bed-la culcareFamilia - the family Parents - parintiAunt - matusa Father - tataCousin - verisor(oara) Mother - mamaParents-in-law - socri Brother - frateFather-in-law - socru Sister - soraMother-in-law - soacra Son - fiuSon-in-law - ginere Daughter - fiicaDaughter-in-law - nora Grandparents - buniciBrother-in-law - cumnat Grandfather - bunicSister-in-law - cumnata Grandmother - bunicaIn-laws - cuscri Uncle - unchi Step-father - tata vitreg Half brother - frate vitregStep mother - mama vitrega Half sister - sora vitregaNiece - nepoataNephew - nepotWhen's your birthday -Cand este ziua ta de nastere?Place of birth - locul de nastereBirth - nastereBorn - nascutAwful - groaznicDirthy - murdarBoring - plictisitoareLier - mincinosBuquee flowers - buchet de floriIt's rudre to ask that! - Este nepoliticos sa intrebi asta!Because - deoarece (bicoz)This - acesta(aceasta)-fol. la sg. si arata apropiereaThat - acela, aceia ...departareaThese - aceste (diiz) - apropiereaThose - acelea (dauz) - departareaWhat does Marius look like ? - Cum arata Marius?He's long black hair. - El are parul lung si negru.Tall - inaltBig - mareShort - scundSmall - mic (smol)Bald - chel(a)Fat - gras(a)Biard - barbaThin - slab(a)A moustache - mustataBlack - negru(a)Spectacles - ochelari de vedereWhit - alb(a)Glases - ochelariShy - timid(a) (sai)Brave - indraznet, curajosStrong - puternicLong - lungDark headed - brunet(a)Hair - parBrunette - (briunet)Read headed - roscatBlond headed - blondFair hair - par blondGirl - fataTeenager - tanar (tineiger)Boy - baiatYouth - tinerete (iuth)What's your name?What's your surname?What's your first name?How do you spell it?(pe litere)Where are you from?What nationality are you? (nasanaliti)What's your nationality?Marital status - starea civilaAre you married or single?What's your telephone number?My phone number is...What's your job? - I'm a ....What's your mother's job? - She's a ....They have their own business - au propria afacereHis sister is a bookkeeper - sora lui este contabilaHe supplies the shop - el aprovizioneaza magazinulTheir aunt and cousin sell in the shop - matusa si varul lor vand in magazin.Works during the day - lucreaza in timpul zileiWhat's your address?Bloc Scara - enterance (entrans)Apartament (fleat) - FlatApartament - apartamentEtaj - floorThen - apoiLater - mai tarziuUntil - pana candBefor - dinaintePluralul substantivelor1.Majoritatea substantivelor formeaza pluralul regulat prin adaugarea literei 's' la sfarsitul cuvantului.Aceasta litera 's'are doua modalitati de a fi citita:_Se citeste 's' cand este precedata de consoane surde sau nesonoreEx: books Cooks-bucatari Experts-experti_Se citeste 'z' atunci cand este precedata de o consoana sonoraEx:chairs-scaune Friends-prieteni Dogs-caini Mushrooms-ciuperci comestibile(masrumz)2.Substantivele terminate in s,z,x,ch,sh formeaza pluralul prin adaugarea grupului de litere es care se citesc izEx:buses-autobuze(basiz)Foxes-vulpe(foxiz)Benches-banci(benciz)3.Substantivele terminare in 'y' il transforma pe acesta in 'I' dupa care se adauga terminatia '-es'Ex:baby-babies-copilasiBeauty-beauties-frumusetiCountry-countries-tariCopy-copies(capiz)-copiiMistery-misteries-mistereSpy-spies(spaiz)-spioniGipsy-gipsies-tigani4.Substantivele terminate in y formeaza pluralul prin simpla adaugare la sfarsitul lor a literei s daca in fata lor se afla o vocala.Ex:boysDaysDonkeysWays5.Substantivele care se termina in litera f sau ff formeaza pluralul prin adaugarea lui s .cliffs-stancichiefs(cifs)-sefiroofs-acoperisUnele substantive terminate in f sau fe transforma aceasta terminatie in ve si adauga litera s la sfarsit.Leaf-leaves(livs)Wife-wivesLoaf-loaves-Shelf-shelves(selvz)-Knife-knivesWolf-wolves-lupHalf-halves-jumatateSubstantivele terminate in o au doua modalitati de a forma pluralul:a.Unele adauga terminatia -eshero-heroes-eroipotato-potatoes(poteitoz)tomato-tomatoes(tomeitoz)-rosiinegro-negroes(neigroz)-negru(persoana)b.Altele adauga doar litera sradio-radiospiano-pianoscasino-casinosstudio-studiosUnele substantive la plural au forme neregulateChild(copil)-childrenLouse(paduche)-lice(lais)
Foot(picior)-feet(fiit)Die(dai)-dice(daiz)-zaruri
Goose(gasca)-geese(ghis)Ox(bou)-oxen
Tooth(dinte)-teethFungus-fungi(funghi)-ciup.ca bact.
Man-menPostman(postas)-postmen
Woman-womenFireman(pompier)-firemen
Person-people(pipal)Gentleman-gentlemen
Mouse-mice(mais)
Plurale straineCuvinte grecestiLatinaAxis-axes(axa)alga(alga)-algaeBasis-bases(baza)erratum(greseala)-errataSphinx-sphinxesOctupus-octupuses(octapus)(caracatita) -octupuses (octapus) Plurale asimilate in limba englezaArena-arenasDilema-dilemasDiploma-diplomasIdea-ideas(aidias)Drama-dramasUmbrella-umbrellasMinus(mainas)-minusesGenius-geniuses Pluralul substantivelor compuseBlackboards-tablaPasser-by - passers-by(pietoni)Mother-in-law - mothers-in-lawSon-in-law - sons-in-law Unele substantive au aceleasi forme atat la singular cat si la pluralFish-fish(peste)Sheep-oaie,oiDeer-cerb,caprioaraSpecies(spisiz)-specie,fel,gen,tipSwine-porc(injuraturi)Substantive care sunt in permenenta la singularChaos(cheos).haosEconomics(icnamix)-economie ca stiintaMatemathics(matematix)-matematicaPhisix(fizix)-fizicaPolitics(politix)-politicaChiar daca au terminatia '-s ' intotdeauna sunt folosite cu verb la singular si sunt inlocuite mereu de un pronume la singular.Ex:Politics is vsry complicated.I don't understand it !Plurale permanenteBinoculars-binocluCattle(ceatal)-vite,bovineOutskirts(autscarts)-periferie(a unui oras)Pants(pent)-pantaloni,nadragiScissors(sizars)-foarfeceShorts(sorts)-pantaloni scurti,sortStatistics(statistics)-statisticaTrousers(treauzars)-pantaloniAceste substantive nu au forma de singular,se folosesc numai cu verb la plural si pot fi inlocuite numai de pronume la plural.Ex:Where are the shorts ?I can't find them-nu pot sa-I gasesc I'dI' would - se foloseste:a. Cand vorbim despre o persoama care doreste sau vrea ceva.Ex:She would like a cup of tea -Ea ar dori o cana cu ceai.b. Cand se lanseaya o invitatieEx:Would you like to go with me? - Ai vrea sa mergi cu mineI want a cup of tea. - Vreau o ceasca de ceai.Would'd in engleya vorbita, in propoyitiile afirmative si se pune dupa pronume.Ex:I'd like an appleHe'd likeAtunci cand punem intrebari: would trece inaintea subiectului.Ex:Would they like to eat ? - Ar dori (vrea) ei sa manance?Negativul se formeaza prin adaugarea particulei 'not' sau n't la sfarsit insa aceasta forma nu este uzuala in limba engleza.Would notwouldn'tTo like - a placeaAcest verb este urmat de un substantiv sau o structura verbala.Sunt trei variante in care se foloseste acest verb.a.like + substantiv:I like chocolateb.like + gerunziu:We all like swimming - Noua ne place sa inotam.They like playing football.c. like + infinitiv cu particula toHe likes to have a large lunch.Lui ii place sa manance un pranz copios.[]glad - bucuros grass - iarbacat - pisicahang - a atarnagas - benzinavan - duba, dubitafat - grasmat - pres, stergator [e]bed - pat many - multi, multepet - animal favorithead - capdeaf - surdvest - vestafriend - prieten(a)zest - insufletire[I]pin - ac cu gamaliesin - pacatrich - bogat(a)lip - buzabig - marescript -scenariuimage - imagine(imigi)city - orashauses - case(hausis)pig - porcbad - rau bed - patman -barbat men - barbatipan - tigaie pen - stilou, pixsad - trist send - ai spusland - tara, tinutlend - a imprumutabag - geanta de voiajbeg - a imploraSubstantive nenumarabileAccomodation(acomodeisen)-cazareAdvice(advais)-sfatApplause(aplos)-aplauzeBehaviour(biheivior)-purtare,comportare,conduitaBread(bred)-paineDamage(deamici)-paguba,stricaciuniEvidence(evidans)-dovada,marturie,proba,semnFurniture-mobila,mobilierInformation(informeisen)-informatii,indicatiiJewellery(gilari)-bijuteri,giuvaieruriKnowledge(nalegi)-cunoastere,cunostinte,informatieLuggage(laghegi)-bagaj(e)Money(mani)-baniNews(niuz)-stire,veste,noutatePermission(permisen)-permisiune,incuvintare,ingaduireProgress(proagres)-progres,dezvoltare,evolutieRubbish(reobis)-gunoi,moloz,rebuturi,prostii,fleacuriScenery(senari)-culise,dcor(uri)Traffic(treafic)-trafic,circulatieWeather(ueder)-vreme,timp,starea vremiiNu au forma de plural,verbul folosit este la singular.Se inlocuiesc cu un substantiv tot la sg.Se pot folosi cu urmatoarele adjective:-some(sam)-ceva,niste,putin,vreun-no-nici un,nici o-much(maci)-mult,multa-any(eni)-ceva,niste,orice,unii,unele,nici un,nici o-a lot of-o multime deAceste substantive nu se folosesc cu urmatoarele adjective:-many(meni)-multi,multe,o multime de-every(evri)-fiecare,toti,toate-several(sevrol)-mai multi,mai mult,cativa,cateva-various(verias)-diferit,divers,multiCorpul omenesc - The human bodyHead - cap (hed)Tongue - limba (tang)
Neck - gat,ceafa (nek)Tooth - dinte (tu:)
Throat - gat, gatlej (rout)Chin - barbie (tsin)
Back - spate Cheek - obraz (tsi:k)
Chest - piept (tsest)Ear - ureche (ia)
Breast - sanHair - par (hea)
Belly - pantece (beli)Beard - barba (biard)
Limbs - membre (limz)Moustache - mustata (mastas)
Arm - brat (a:m)Palm - palma (pa:m)
Leg - picior (leg)Finger - deget (fingar)
Heart - inima (ha:t)Stomach - stomac (stamak)
Face - fata (feis)Brains - creier (breinz)
Eye - ochi (ai)Lungs - plamani (langz)
Nose - nas (nouz)Liver - ficat (liva)
Mouth - gura (mau)Kidneys - rinichi (kidniz)
Lips - buze Toes - degete de la picioaref
PrepozitiaEste partea de vorbire care uneste diferite unitati sintactice in cadrul unei propozitii realizand relatii de timp,loc,etc.Prepozitiile se clasifica astfel: Prepozitii simpleAbove-deasupraabout-despreUnder-dedesubton-pe Prepozitii compuseInto-inWithout Prepozitii complexeBecause of-deoarece,pentru ca,din cauzaInstead of-in loc sa Locutiuni prepozitionaleIn the middle of-in mijlocul-Prepozitia of este cea cu care se formeaza genitivul prepozitional sau analitic.-Prepozitia to este cea a dativului prepozitional.In limba engleza prepozitia sta fie inaintea substantivului sau altui cuvant cu care este in relatie,fie la sfarsitul unei prepozitii.Ex: About what is he talking?-Despre ce vorbeste el?What is he talking about?About whose friend are you talking?Whose friend are you talking about?-Despre al cui prieten vorbesti tu?In general prepozitiile apar la sfarsitul propozitiei in:-intrebarile care incep cu cuvintele:whowhatwhich-in unele exclamatii:what trouble you hava got into?-in ce belea ai intrat?-in propozitii sau fraze afirmative care incep cuwhowhatwhichEx: What I am looking at is John's house?La ce ma uit este casa lui John.MeseriiDoctor - doctor (dactar)Secretary - secretara (secretari)
Recrut - recrut (ricrut)Assistant manager - secretara
Soldier - soldat (solger)Teacher - profesor
Sergent - sergent (sargent)Engineer - inginer (inginiar)
Instructor - (instractar)Accountant - economist (ecauntant)
Drill instructor -.pregatirea recrutilorLawyer - avocat
Military officer - (militari afiser)Actor - actor (eactar)
Lieutenant - locotenent (lutenent)Carpenter - tamplar
Captain - capitan (ceapten)Tailor - croitor
Major - maior (meigeor)Priest - preot
Colonel - (calnel)Nurse - asistenta (niurs)
General - (general)Architect - arhitect
Pharmacist - farmacist (farmasist)Designer - dizainer
Cleaner - femeie de serviciu(clinar)A shop assistant - vanzatoare
Painter - pictor, zugravBuilder - constructor(bildar)
Singer - cantaret(a)Thatcher - cel care repara acoperisul
Pupil - elev de generalaTour guide - ghid turistic
Car mechanicAuto mechanic
Manager - director (meanagear)Architecture - arhitectura
About(abaut)-despreInside-inauntru
Above(abov)-deasupraInto(intu)-in,spre
Across(acros)-de-a curmezisulNear(niar)-langa
After-dupaOf-de
Against-impotriva,contraOff-departe de(arata departarea)
Along-de-a lungulOn-pe
Alongside-unul langa altul,alaturiOpposite(opasait)-vis a vis
Among-intreOver-peste
Apart(apart)-de-o parte,aparteOutside-in afara
Around-imprejurPast(peast)-pe langa,dincolo de
At-laRound-in jurul
By fore-inainteSince(sins)-de,de la
Behind(bihaind)-in spateThrough(thru-prin
Below(bilou)-sub,dedesubtThroughout-prin,peste,dupa
Beneath(binith)-sub,mai jos deTill-pana,pana la
Besides(bisaint)-in afara deTo-la,catre
Between(bituin)-intreUnder-sub
Beyond(biond)-dincolo deUnderneath(anderniit)-dedesubt
By(bai)-de,de catre,prinUp-in susul,catre
For-pentruUntil(antil)-pana la,pana in
From-din,de laWhithin-in,inauntrul
In-inWithout-fara
EXPRESII CU PREPOZITIIAbout (abaut)-despreAbout the town-prin oras
About six o'clock-in jurul orei sase
A journey about the world-o calatorie prin lume
About my head-deasupra capului meu
About all-mai presus de orice,in primul rand
Across (acros)-de-a curmezisul sau de-a latulTo walk across the street-a traversa strada
Across the road-peste drum
After-dupaAfter dark-dupa lasarea intunericului
After breakfast-dupa micul dejun
After five o'clock-dupa ora cinci
Day after day-zi de zi,zi dupa zi
Time after time-deseori,foarte adesea
After theat-dupa aceea
The day after tomorrow-poimaine
Against-impotriva,contraAgainst the laws-impotriva legilor
A race against time-o cursa contra cronometru
To lean against a wall-a se sprijini de un perete
Along-de-a lungulAlong a valley-de.a lungul unei vai
Along the sea shore-de-a lungul tarmului
Among-intreAmong us-intre noi(cand este vorba de 3 sau mai multe persoane)
Among his friends-printre(intre) prietenii lui
Among the most important reasons-printre cele m.imp.cauze(motive)
Around-imprejurA trip around the contry-o calatorie prin tara
To sit around the table-a sedea in jurul mesei
I will come around ten-o sa vin pe la zece (in jur de ora zece)
At -laAt noon-la pranz
At day break-la revarsatul zorilor
At sunset-la apusul soarelui,la asfintit
At rondom-la intamplare
At work-la lucru
At the door-la usa
At the beginning-la inceput
At the end-la sfarsit
At the same time-in acelasi timp
At the age of-la varsta de
At first-la inceput
At last-la sfarsit,in cele din urma
At full speed-la viteza maxima,cu toata viteza
At first sight-la prima vedere
At what time?-la ce ora?
At once-imediat
At least-cel putin
At my disposal-la dispozitia mea
Byfore-inainteByfore my eyes-inaintea ochilor mei
Byfore one a'clock-inainte de ora unu
To sail byfore the wind-a naviga cu vantul in spate
Behind(bihaind)-in spateBehind the clouds-in spatele norilor
To hide behind the door-a se ascunde in spatele usii
Below(bilou)-subTo strike below the belt-a lovi sub centura
Below sea level-sub nivelul marii
Below the ground-sub pamant
Below the average-sub nivelul mediu
Beneath(binith)-sub,mai jos deBeneath one's dignity-sub demnitatea cuiva
Besides(bisaint)-in afara deHe has two cars besides this-el are doua masini in afara de aceasta
Between(bituin)-intreBetween the two world wars-intre cele doua razboaie mondiale
An understanding between us-o intelegere intre noi
Se foloseste cand este vorba de doua elemente sau doua persoaneBeyond(biond)-dincolo deBeyond doubt(deaut)-fara indoiala
Beyond the sea-dincolo de mare
Beyond limits-peste limita
By(bai)-de,de catre,prinTo open by force-a deschide cu forta
To travel by train-a calatori cu trenul
To go by car-a merge cu masina
Day by day-zi de zi
Step by step-pas cu pas
Drop by drop-strop cu strop
Piece by piece-bucata cu bucata
One by one-unul cate unul
Two by two-doi cate doi
To learn by heart-a invata pe de rost
To go by the post-office-a trece pe langa posta
By force of circunstances-prin forta imprejurarilor
To sleep side by side-a dormi unul langa altul
For-pentruGood for food-comestibil
To leave for school-a pleca la scoala
To look for help-a cauta ajutor
To cry for help-a striga dupa ajutor
For a time-un timp,pentru un timp
To go for a walk-a merge la plimbare
To read for pleasure-a citi de placere
What is this good for?-la ce este bun asta?
For all the world-pentru nimic in lume
To have a taste for art-a avea gust artistic
For this reason-pentru(din) acest motiv
For the sake of peace-in numele pacii
Enough(inagh) for the present-suficient deocamdata
I'm sorry for you-imi pare rau de tine(pentru tine)
From-din,de laFrom first to last-de la primul la ultimul
From heaven to earth-de la cer la pamant
From bad(bead) to worse-din ce in ce mai rau
From place to place-din cand in cand
From morning to night-de dimineata pana seara
Light from the sun-lumina de la soare
A man free from care-un om liber de griji
A man from the country-un om de la tara
To by for from home-a fi departe de casa
From theat point of view-din punctul acela de vedere
From my point of view-din punctul meu de vedere
To be released (rilizd) from prisom-a fi eliberat din inchisoare
Seen from above-vazut de sus
Seen from below(bilou)-vazut de dedesubt
On my way from Pitesti to Bucharest-in drumul meu de la P.la B.
To tell one thing from another(anader)-a deosebi un lucru de celalalt
In-inIn the morning-dimineata
In the shade(seid)-la umbra
In the end-la final
In the garden-in gradinaIn heaven-in cerIn spring-primavaraIn summer-varaIn fall-toamnaIn winter-iarnaTo be in danger(deinger)-a fi in pericolTo lie(lai) in bed-a sta intins in patTo live in the country-a sta la taraIn our centuri(auar senturi)-In all seasons-in toate anotimpurileIn my youth-in tineretea meaIn his memory-in memoria luiEarly in the morning-dimineata devremeIn the past-in trecutIn the future(fiuciar)-in viitorIn come just in time-a veni la timpTo keep(kip)in mind(maind)-a tine minteDone in haste-facut in grabaTo put in mind-a-si pune in gandTo put in order-a pune in ordineIn general-in generalTo work in vain-a munci in zadarTo be in pain-a fi indureratTo speak in public-a vorbi in publicTo take in hand-a lua in mana
Into(intu)-in,spreTo lead into error-a duce in eroare
To get into difficulties(dificultiz)-a da de greutati
To fall into the river(lake)-a cadea in rau(lac)
To burst into tears-a izbucni in lacrimi
To get into trouble-a da de bucluc,belea,necaz
To pour walter into a glass-a turna apa in pahar
Inside-inauntruInside the room-inauntrul camerei
His is inside-el e inauntru
Near-langaNear the sea shore-langa tarm
Near at hand-la indemana,aproape
Near you-langa tine
Of-deOf crown of gold-o coroana de aur
A flock of sheep-o turma de oi
Hard of hearing(hiring)-surd,tare de urechi
A book of proverbs-o carte de proverbe
The force of the wind-forta vantului
A place of honour-in loc de onoare
A man of mark-un om insemnat(important)
A man of no importance-un om oarecare(fara importanta)
To wear adress of silk-a purta o rochie de matase
Love of a mother-iubire de mama
Master of the house-stapanul casei
A piece of paper-o bucata de hartie
A friend of mine-un prieten de-al meu
The events of late-evenimentele din ultimul timp
In days of old-in zilele de mult apuse
Of course-bineanteles,cu siguranta,sigur ca da
Off-departe deKeep off the grass-nu calcati pe iarba
To be off duty-a fi liber,a nu fi la serviciu
To fall off the horse-a cadea de pe cal
On-peTo be on duty-a fi de serviciu
To sit on the grass-a sta pe iarba
Some goods(gudz)on sale-niste marfuri de vanzare
Haus on fire-o casa in flacari
To go on foot-a merge pe jos
On a beautiful day-intr-o zi frumoasa
On such a day-intr-o astfel de zi
On this occasion(ocheijen)-cu aceasta ocazie
On certain conditions-cu anumite conditii
To stand on tip toe-a sta in varful picioarelor
To be on land-a fi pe uscat
On the whole-in ansamblu,in general,in mare
On an average-in medie
To be an holiday-a fi in vacanta
To sit on a chair-a sta pe un scaun
To pay(pei) on demand(dimand)-a plati la cerere
To pay on the spot-a plati pe loc
On the celing-pe tavan
On a desert island(ailand)-pe o insula pustie
On the point of-a fi pe punctul de a
Over-pesteOver the rocks-peste stanci
To be head over heels in love-a fi indragostit lulea
To stay somewhere(samuer) over night-a sta undeva peste noapte
To be famous all over the world-a fi celebru(cunoscut )in toata tara
To cook over the fire-a gati la foc
To tremble all over-a tremura din toate madularele,a tremura tot
Past(peast)Past his comprehension(comprihensan)-peste puterea lui de a intelege,inacceptabil pentru el
To be past work-a nu mai putea munci,a nu mai putea sa munceasca
To be past danger(deinger)-a fi in afara pericolului
Have past one-unu si jumatate
It is past five o'clock-este trecut de ora cinci
Round(reaund)-in jurulA round table(teibal)-o masa rotunda
A round peg in a square(scuer) hole-potrivit ca nuca in perete
Round the world-in jurul lumii
Since(sins)-de,de laSince four o'clock-de la ora patru
I haven't seen him since-nu l-am mai vazut de atunci
Through(thru)-prinTo go through thick and thin-a trece prin foc si apa
Through the wood-prin padure
To at through fear-a actiona de frica
All through the night-toata noaptea,tot timpul noptii
To go through life-a trece prin viata
Through whom?-prin cine
Throughout this country-de-a lungul si de-a latul acestei tari
Throughout our holidays-pe tot parcursul vacantei noastre,tot timpul vacantei noastre
Till-pana,pana laTo be up lill late-a se culca tarziu,a nu se culca devreme
Till death do us part-pana ce moartea ne va desparti
To-la,catreTo go to bed-a merge la culcare
To take to wife-a lua de sotie(nevasta)
From end to end-de la cap la cap
From hand to mouth-de la mana pana la gura
To come to an end-a lua sfarsit
To finish-a termina,a se termina
To be wet to the skin-a fi ud pana la piele
To count up to ten-a numara pana la zece
From time to time-din cand in cand,din timp in timp
To dance to the musics-a dansa dupa muzica
I don't want to!-nu vreau
Under(andar)-subUnder lock and key-sub cheie,sub paza
Under the tree-sub copac
To swim under water-a inota sub apa
To be under arms-a fi sub arme
To be under a vow(veau)-a fi sub un juramant,a fi legat prin juramant
To be under sentence of death-a fi condamnat la moarte
Under what conditions?-in ce conditii
Under these conditions-in aceste conditii
In under ten minutes-in mai putin de 10 minute
To be under age-a fi minor
To be under full age-a fi minor
To be under treatement(tritment)-a fi sub ingrijire medicala a fi in tratament
Under my feet-sub talpile(picioarele) mele
The ball rolled underneath a table-mingea s-a rostogolit sub o masa
Up(ap)-in susul,catreThe ups and downs of life-urcusurile si coborasurile vietii,geutatile vietii
To run up the hill-a alerga pe deal in sus
To walk up a hill-a urca un deal
Wake up!-trezeste-te,scoala-te
Until(antil)-pana la,pana inUntil the end of life-pana la sfarsitul vietii
Upon(apon)-To refuse upon the principle-a refuza din principiu
Upon the top of the hill-in varful dealului
Upon our word-pe cuvantul nostru
Within(uidin)-in,inauntrul,nu mai tarziu deTo keep within doors-a tine in casa
Within the law-in limita legii
Within a week-in mai putin de o saptamana
Within our room-in interiorul camerei noastre
Without(uidaut)-faraTo be without help-a fi fara de ajutor
To come without delay-a veni fara intarzaiere
To escape without damage-a scapa nevatamat
To come without fail-a veni sigur(negresit)
To come without doubt-a veni fara indoiala
It goes withaut sayng(seing)-se intelege de la sine
I will leave withaut him-o sa plec fara el
Imbracaminte - ClothingShoes - pantofi (suz)Cap - sapca (kaep)
Boots - ghete (buts)Scarf - fular (ska:f)
Sandals - sandale (seandaly)Gloves- manusi (glavz)
Socks - sosete (soks)Tissues - sosete(tisuz)Handkerchief - batista (heangkatsif)
Trousers - pantaloni (trauzars)Sport coat - canadiana (spootkout)
Pants,drawers - chiloti b.(drooz)Pullover - pulover (pulouva)
Slips - slip (slips)Skirt - fusta (skat)
Shorts - sort (soots)Dress - rochie (dres)
Belt - curea,cordon (belt)Tailor suit - taior (teilasyut)
Shirt - camasa (saat)Blouse - bluza (blauz)
Undershirt, vest - maiouDressing gown - capot,halat (dresinggaun)
Waistcoat - vesta (weistkout)Night gown - camasa de noapte
Jacket - haina (djeakit)sacouBra(ssiere) - sutien (bra:,breasiea)
(neck)tie - cravata ((nek)tai)Panties - chiloti scurti de d. (peantiz)Under weare - chiloti
Bow-tie - papion (boutai)T-shirtes - tricouri
Long coat - pardesiuSweater - pulovar
Tights - streci (taigs)Coat - geaca
Pyjamas - pijama (pigiamas)Suit - costum
VERBULEste partea de vorbire care exprima o actiune,o activitate sau un proces si are urmatoarele categori gramaticale:-timp-persoana-aspect-diateza-numar-modTimpul vb.-este categoria gramaticala prin care se precizeaza momentul desfasurarii actiunii.Exista 3 tipuri de baza-prezent-trecut-viitorAspectul -exprima gradul de indeplinire al actiunii.In limba engleza exista doua aspecte:1-Aspectul comun-prin care se exprima o actiune generala,o actiune terminata sau o actiune de scurta durata.Ex: I play tennis-eu joc tenis2-Aspectul continuu-prin care se exprima o actiune in desfasurare,o actiune neterminata.Ex: I am playing tennis-eu joc tenis acumDiateza-este categoria gramaticala a vb. Prin care se realizeaza raportul dintre subiect si vb.Exista 3 diateze:-Diateza activa-Diateza pasiva-Diateza reflexiva-actiunea se resfrange asupra sub.Modul-este categoria gramaticala a verbului prin care se vede felul actiunii daca actiunea este reala sigura,ireala,probabila,posibila sau imposibila.Clasificarea verbelor-Auxiliare-Modale-Principale1.Auxiliarele-ajuta celelalte verbe sa-si formeze aspectul continuu,diateza pasiva,timpurile compuse si unele moduriInfinitivTrecutParticipiutrecutGerunziu-ingTraducere
To beWaswereBeen(bin)Being(biing)A fi
To haveHad(head)Had Having (heaving)A avea
To dodiddonedoingA face
Shal Should --Trebuie sa
Will Would --A vrea
To letLet Let Letting A lasa
2.Modale InfinitivTrecutParticipiu trecutGerunziuTraducere
Can To be able toCould --A sti,a puteaA fi in stare
May To be allowed toMight(mait)--A avea voie saA-i fi permis sa
Must(mast)To have toTo be obliged tomust--Trebuie A rebui saA fi obligat sa
Shall should--A trebui sa A se cuveni sa
willwould--A dori,a vrea
Dare ---A indrazni
needneed--A fi nevoie
-Used to--Obisnuia sa
Ought toOught to--Ar trebui sa
VERBE CU PREPOZITIITo accuse(achiuz) of-a acuza de
To agree(agrii) with-a fi de acord cu
To agree on-a fi de acord asupra
To apologize(apologiaiz) for-a.si cere iertare pentru
To approve(apruv) of something(somting)-a aproba ceva
To arrive(araiv) at-a ajunge la
To ask(easc) for something-a cere ceva
To be accustomed(acastamd) to something-a fi familiar cu ceva
To be acquainted(acointed) with-a cunoaste,a fi obisnuit cu
To be afreid(afreid) of something-a se teme de ceva
To be afreid of somebody(sambadi)-a se teme de cineva
To be angry with somebody-a fi suparat pe cineva
To be anxious(ancsiz) about something-a fi ingrijorat de ceva
To be astonished(astonisd) at-a fi uimut(uluit) de
To be aware(auer) of - a-si da seama de,a fi constient de
To be characteristic(caracteristic) of-a fi caracteristic pentru
To be close(clous) to-a fi aproape de,a fi alaturi de
To be confident(canfident) of-a fi increzator in
To be crauy(creizi) about-a fi nebun dupa
To be cruel(crul) to-a fi crud cu,a fi rau fata de,a fi crud fata de
To be dependent(dipendent) on / upon(apon)-a fi dependent de
To be deprived(dipraiv) of-a fi lipsit de,a fi deposedat de
To be different(difrent)from-a fi diferit de
To be fond of-a fi legat de
To be good at-a fi bun la,a se pricepe la
To be good(kind)to-a fi amabil cu
To be grateful(greifol)to-a fi recunoscator fata de
To be indignant(indignad) at(eat)-a fi indignat de
To be of opiniaon that-a fi de parere ca
To be bent on /upon(apon)-a fi hotarat sa
To be on the move-a fi in miscare
To be impressed(impresd) by-a fi impresionat de
To be independent(independan) of-a fi independent de
To be indifferent(indifrand) to-a fi indiferent fata de
To be intent on-a fi absolvit de
To be interested in-a fi interesat de
Tu be jealous(gelas)of-a fi gelos pe
To be patient(peisan) with-a fi rabdator cu
To be polite(polait) to-a fi politicos(civilizat)cu
To be preocuppied(prioqupaid)by-a fi preocupat de
To be proud(preaud) of-a fi mandru(a) de
To be satisfied(satisfaid) with-a fi multumit cu(de)
To be sated(seitad)with-a fi satul(dezgustat)de
To be seized(saizad)with-a fi prins de
To be similar(similar) to-a fi asmanator cu
To be sorry for-a-I parea rau pentru,a-si cere scuze
To be superior(supiriar) to-a fi superior
To be surprised(sarpaizd) at-a fi surprins de
To be typical(tipical) of-a fi caracteristic pentru
To beg for-a cersi,a implora
To begin by-a incepe prin
To belong(bilong) to-a apartine
To beware(biuer) of-a se feri de,a se pazi
To boast of-a se lauda cu,a se fali cu
To borrow(barou) from-a imprumuta de la
To call(coll) for-a cere,a necesita
To call on somebody(sambadi)-a vizita pe cineva
To call at a place(pleis)-a trece printr-un loc
To care(cher) for-a tine la,a-I placea
To compare(camper) with(to)-a compara cu
To complain(camplein) of-a se plange(vaita)de
To conceal(cansil)from-a se ascunde de
To congratulate(congratuleit)on-a felicita pentru
To contribute(cantribut)to-a contribui la
To count /rely(rilai)on upon-a se bizui /baza pe
To cure(qiuor)of-a vindeca de
To deal with-a se ocupa de (cu)
To defend(difend) from-a apara de
To depend(dipend) on(upond)-a depinde de
To die(dai) of-a muri de
To differ(difar) from-a diferi de
To do withaut-a face fara,a se lipsi de
To doubt(deaut) of -a se indoi de
To embark(imbarc) on -a participa la,a o porni intr-o directie
To escape(ischeip) from-a scapa de
To feed(fiid)on-a hrani cu
To fill with-a umple cu
To forgive(farghiv)for-a ierta pentru
To glance(gleans)at-a arunca o privire la
To go to-a merge la,a se duce la
To go in for-a se prezenta la
To hope for-a spera la
To indulge(indalgi)in-a se deda la,a se complace in,a indemna sa
To insist on-a insista asupra
To interfere(interfier) in -a interveni(amesteca) in
To intrude(intriud)on-a deranja,atulbura
To knock at-a bate la
To laugh at-a rade de
To laugh(leauf)with joy-a rade de bucurie
To leave(liiv)for-a pleca la
To lend to somebody-a da imprumut cuiva
To live on-a trai din,a trai cu
To long for-a tanji dupa
To look(luk)at-a privi la
To look after-a avea grija de,a ingriji de
To look for-a cauta
To look into(intu)-a examina
To look like-a semana cu
To look on(upon)-a considera
To look to-a se ingriji de
To meet(mit) with-a intampina
To mistake(misteic) for-a confunda cu,a lua drept
To move from...to...-a se muta din....la....
To object(abject) to-a obiecta asupra(impotriva)
To part with-a se desparti de
To participate(partisipeit)in-a participa la
To pass(peas) for-a trece drept
To peep(pip) at-a privi pe furis la
To pine(pain) for-a tanji dupa
To play(plei) at-a se juca de-a
To prevent(privent) from-a impiedica sa,a opri sa
To profit by something-a profita de ceva
To protect from-a proteja de,a apara de
To provide(provaid)with-a inzestra cu
To pull at-a trage la
To put in(into)practice(practis)-a pune in practica
To recover(ricaver) from - a-si reveni dupa,a se face bine dupa
To refer(refar) to-a se referi la
To refrain(rifrein) from-a se abtine de la
To remind(rimaind) somebody(sambadi) of something-a aminti cuiva de ceva
To resort(riyood) to somebody(sambadi)-a se adresa cuiva,a apela la cineva
To retire(ritaiar) from-a se retrage din
To reproach(reprouci) somebody of something-a reprosa cuiva ceva
To rush(rosh) at something-a se repezi la ceva
To see to-a se ingriji de,a se ocupa de
To send for-a trimite dupa
To separate(separeit) from-a separa de
To smell of-a mirosi a
To stand(stend) for - a reprezenta,a lua apararea
To stare(stear) at-a se uita fix la,a privi fix la
To start for-a porni catre(spre)
To substract from-a scadea din
To succeed in(sacsid) in-a reusi sa
To supply(saplai) with-a aproviziona cu
To take(teic) into account(acheaun)-a lua in seamaTo take into consideration(considereisen)-a lua in consideratie
To taste(teist) of-a avea gust de
To tell from-a deosebi de
To think about(of)-a se gandi la
To transform(change) into-a transforma(schimba)in
To threaten(thretan) with-a ameninta cu
To translate from.into.-a traduce din ...in...
To wait(ueit) for somebody-a astepta pe cineva
To worry about - a-si face griji in privinta
Casa si apartamentul - The house and the flatBlock of flats - bloc de locuinteBathroom - camera de baie
Apartment - apartament(apa:tmant)Kitchen - bucatarie (kitsin)
Lift - lift (lift)Pantry - camara(paentri)
Stairs - scari (steaz)Balcony - balcon (baelkani)
Passage - culoar (paesidj)Terrace - terasa (teras)
Living-room - camera de ziDoor - usa (do
Bedroom - dormitorWindow - fereastra (windou)
Sleeping-room - dormitorFloor - podea (flo
Drawing-room- salon(dro:ing rum)Wall - perete (wo:l)
Dining-room - sufragerieCeiling - tavan
Library - biblioteca(laibrari)Coffee table - masuta de cafea
Where would he like to live ? - Unde ti-ar placea sa locuiesti?What would he like in this flat? - Ce ti-ar placea sa ai in apartament?Rooms around the world - Camere in jurul lumii.Student hostel - camin studentesc .Walk - mers pe josNear - langanewspapers - ziareBetween - intremagazin's - revista (meagazins)Next - in continuareaboat - barcaGround floor - parterlong - lungimeFloors - etajwidth - latimeNapkin - batistawater-tank - rezervorul de apaLeisure - confort, timp liberward robe - dulap de haineShampoo - sampon (sampu)Soap - sapunEngine room - camera motoruluiOwn homes - case privateCouncil houses - casa socialaPrivate rented houses - case inchiriateDown town - jos in oras(centru)Turn - a intoarce, a cotiMarket - piataTO DO-a faceFunctiile verbului:1.Verb auxiliar-ajuta la formarea altui verb.Ex:-Do you understand?-intelegi(eti)?-He does not understand.-el nu intelegeObs.-Cand este verb auxiliar nu se traduce,doar ajuta-Se foloseste numai cand este vorba de o intebare.2.Verb de intarireEx:-I do understand-eu chiar nu inteleg-I do like math-imi place matematica foarte mult3.Verb principalEx:-I do the homework(houmorc)-eu fac tema-She does all the shopping-ea face toate cumparaturileConjugarea la afirmativI doWe do
You do (du)You do
He,she,it does (daz)They do
NegativI do not do-eu nu facI don't doWe do not doWe don't do
You do not doYou don't doYou do not doYou don't do
He,she it does not doHe,she it doesn't doThey do not doThey don't do
Interogativ-afirmativDo I do? - fac eu,eu fac?Do we do? - facem noi?
Do you do? - faci tu?,tu faci?Do you do? - faceti voi?
Does he,she ,it do? - face el,ea?Do they do? - fac ei,ele?
Interogativ-negativDo I not do? - nu fac eu?Don't I do?Do we not do? - nu facem noi?Don't we do?
Do you not do? - nu faci tu?Don't you do?Do you not do? - nu faceti voi?Don't you do?
Does he,she,it not do?Doesn't he,she,it do?Do they not do? - nu fac ei,ele?Don't they do?
To have si have got - a aveaFunctiile verbului to have1.Verb auxiliar - pentru formarea timpurilor prezent perfect si trecut perfect.Ex:I have come for two hours - am venit de doua ore.I had come for two hours - venisem de doua ore2.Verb modalto have to = must (mast) = trebuieI have to sing - eu trebuie sa cant (must)- eu am de cantat3.Verb principalto have = to posses (pases) =a avea, a posedawehave a haus - noi avem o casaposses a haus - noi posedam o casaForma to have - este folosita in engleza americana si engleza britanica oficiala pentru a exprima posesia.Ex:I have two sistersAceasta forma este folosita atat in engleza americana cat si in cea britanica pentru a exprima unele activitati.Ex:They have breakfast early - ei iau micul dejun devreme.Forma have got - se foloseste in engleza britanica neoficiala si de obicei exprima posesia.Aceasta forma se foloseste numai la timpul prezent.Pentru celelalte tipuri si pentru infinitiv se foloseste forma to have.Ex:I have got a carAfirmativI have = I'veI have got = I've gotWe have = we'veWe have got = we're got
You have = you've You have got = you've gotYou have = you'veYou have got = you've got
He,she,it has(heaz) = he'sHe,she,it has got = he's gotThey have = they'veThey have got = they've got
NegativAcest verb formeaza negativul cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar to do.I have not =I haven'tI have not got = I haven't gotI do not have =I don't haveWe have not =we haven'tWe have not got =we haven't gotWe do not have = we don't have
You have not =you haven'tYou have not got = you haven't gotYou do not have = you don't haveYou have not = you haven'tYou have not got = you haven't gotYou do not have = you don't have
He,she,it has not = he hasen'tHe has not got = he hasn't gotHe does not have = he doesn't haveThey have not = they haven'tThey have not got=they haven't gotThey do not have=they don't have
Inerogativ Si interogativul se poate forma cu ajutorul auxiliarului to do.Interogativ afirmativHave I?=have I got?=do I have?Have we?=have we got?Do we have?
Have you?=have you got?Do you have?Have you?=have you got?Do you have?
Has he,she,it?=has he got?Does he,she,it have?Have they?=have they got?Do they have?
Interogativ negativHave I not?=have I not got?Haven't I got?=eu nu am?Do I not have?=don't I haveHave we not?=have we not got?Haven't we got?=do we not have?Don't have?=noi nu avem?
Have you not?=have you not got?Haven't you got?=nu ai tu?Do you not have?=don't you have?Have you not?=have you not got?Haven't you got?=nu ai tu?Do you not have?=don't you have?
Has he(she,it)not?=hasn't he?Has he not got?=hasn't he got?Doesn't he have?=does he not have?Have they not?=have they not got?Haven't they got?=n-au ei,ele?Do they not have?=don't they have
Verbe principaleA. Regulate -care la vb.2 si vb.3 primesc terminatia '-ed 'Ex:Infinitiv Trecut Participiu trecut Gerunziu Traducere
To askAsked Asked Asking A intreba
To answerAnswered(anserd)Answered Answering (ansering)A raspunde
To likeLiked Liked Liking A placea
To playPlayed Played Playing A juca
To useUsed (iuzd)usedUsing-iuzingA folosi
B. NeregulateInfinitiv Trecut Part.trecutGerunziu Traducere
To arise(arais)Arose(arous)Arisen (arizan)Arising (araizing)A aparea
To beWas / whereBeen Being(biing)A fi
To beat (bit)Beat Beat Beating A bate
Infinitiv Trecut Part. TrecutGerunziu Traducere
To become(bicom)Became (bicheim)Become Becoming (bicoming)A deveni
To begin Began Begun Beginning A incepe
To bend Bent Bent Bending A indoi
To bet Bet Bet Beting A paria
To biteBit Bitten BitingA musca
To blowBlew (blu)Blown(blou)Blowing A sufla
To breakBroke(brouc)Broken (brocan)Broking (breiking)A sparge
To bring Brought Brought Bringing A aduce
To build Built Built Building A construi
To burstBurst Burst Bursting A isbucni
To buy(bai)Bought (bot)Bought Buying A cumpara
To catch(cats)Caught (cot)Caught Catching A prinde
To choose(ciuz)Chose (ciouz)Chosen (ciouzan)Choosing (ciuzing)A alege
To comeCame Come Coming A veni
To cost Cost Cost Costing A costa
To cutCut Cut Cutting A taia
To dig Dug (dag)Dug Diging A sapa
To doDid Done Doing A face
To draw(dro)Drew (dru)Drawn (drou)Drawing A desena
To drink Drank (drenk)Drunk (dronk)Drinking (dinking)A bea
To driveDrove(drov)Driven(drivan)Driving (draiving)A conduce(masina)
To eatAte (eit)Eaten (itan)Eating(iting)A manca
To fall (fol)Fell (fel)Fallen Falling (foling)A cadea
To feed (fid)Fed (fed)Fed Feeding A hrani
To feel (fil)Felt Felt Feeling A simti
To fightFought (fot)Fought Fighting A lupta, A se lupta
To findFound (feaud)Found Finding A gasi
To fly(flai)Flew (flu)Flown (flou)Flying A zbura
To forbidForbade (forbeid)Forbidden (forbidan)Forbidding A interzice
To forget(forghet)Forgot (forgat)Forgatten (forgatan)Forgetting A uita
To forgive (forghiv(Forgave(forgheiv)Forgiven (forghivan)Forgiving A ierta
To freeze(friiz)Froze(frouz)Frozen (frouzan)Freezing A ingheta
To get(ghet)Got (got)Got Getting A primi, obtine,ajung
To give (ghiv)Gave (gheiv)Given(ghivan)Giving A da
To growGrew (gru)Grown (graun)Growing (gruing)A creste
To hang(heng)Hung (hang)Hung Hanging A atarna,A agata
To haveHad Dad Having A avea
To hear(hir)Heard (herd)Heard Hearing (hiring)A auzi)
To hide(haid)Hid Hidden Hiding A ascunde
To hitHit Hit Hiting A lovi
To holdHeld Held Holding A tine(in mana)
To hurtHurt Hurt Hurting A rani, a se rani, a durea
To keep(chipKept Kept Keeping A tine
To know(nou)Knew (niu)Known (noun)Knowing A sti, a cunoaste
To lay(lei)Laid Laid Laying A pune, a aseza
To lead(lid)Led Led Leading A conduce
To learnLearnt Learnt Learning A invata
To leave(liv)Left Left Leaving A pleca
To lendLent Lent Lending A da cu imprumut
To letLet LetLetting A lasa, a permite
To lie(lai)Lay (lei)Lay Lying A minti,a sta intins,a fi situat
To lightLit Lit Lighting (laiting)A aprinde
To lose(luz)Lost (lost)Lost Losing A pierde
To make(meic)Made (meid)Made Making A face
To mean(min)Meant Meant Meaning A insemna
To meet(mit)Met Met Meeting A intalni
To pay(pei)Paid Paid Paying A plati
To putPut Put Putting A pune
To read(rid)Read Read Reading A citi
To ride(raid)Rode(rod)Ridden(ridan)Riding A calari,a merge cu un vehicol
To rise(rais)Rose (rouz)Risen (rizan)Rising A rasari(soare)
To ringRang(reng)Rung(rong)Ringing A suna
To runRan Run Running A fugi, a curge
To say(sei)Said (sed)Said Saying A spune, a zice
To see(si)Saw (so)Seen(sin)Seeing A vedea
To seelSold(sold)Sold Selling A vinde
To sendSent sentSending A trimite
To setSet Set Setting A pune,a aseza
To sew(so)Sewed(soud)Sewed Sewing A coase
To shake(seic)Shook(suc)Shaken(seican)Shaking A da mana,a scutura
To shine(sain)Shone(soun)Shone Shining A straluci
To shoot(sut)Shot(sot)Shot Shooting A trage(cu o arma)
To show(sou)Showed(soud)Shown(soun)Showing A arata
To shrink(srinc)Shrank(srenc)Shrunk(sronc)Shrinking A intra la apa
To shut(sot)Shut Shut Shuting A inchide
To singSang(seng)Sung(song)Singing A canta
To sinkSank(senc)Sunk(sanc)Sinking A se scufunda
To sitSat(seat)Sat Sitting A sta, a sedea
To sleep(slip)Slept Slept Sleeping A adormi
To speak(spic)Spoke(spouc)Spoken(spoucan)Speaking A vorbi
To spendSpent Spent Spending A cheltui, a petrece (timp
To splitSplit Split Splitting A despica
To spread(spred)Spread Spread Spreading A intinde,a tmparti
To stand(stend)Stood(stud)Stood Standing A sta(in picioare)
To steal(stil)Stole(stol)Stolen(stolen)Stealing A fura
To stick(stic)Stuck(stac)Stuck Stiking A lipi, a intepa
To stingStung(stang)Stung Stinging A pisca,a intepa
To strike(straic)Struck(stroc)Struck(stroc)Striking A lovi, a izbi
To swear(suer)Swore(suor)Sworn(suorn)Swearing A jura,a declara solemn
To sweep(suip)Swept(suept)Swept Sweeping A matura
To swim(suim)Swam(suam)Swum(suam)Swimming A inota
To take(teic)Took(tuc)Taken(teican)Taking A lua
To teach(tici)Taught(tout)Taught Teaching A preda,a invata pe altul
To tear(tiir)Tore(tor)Torn(torn)Tearing A rupe,a sfasia
To tellTold Told Telling A spune,a povesti
To thinkThought(ot)Thought Thinking A gandi,a se gandi
To throw(rou)Threw(ru)Thrown(roun)Throwing A arunca
To understande(andarstend)Understood(andarstud)Understood Understanding A intelege
To wake(ueic)Woke(uouc)Woken(uoucan)Waking A trezi
To wear(uer)Wore(uor)Worn(uorn)Wearing A purta
To weave(ueiv)Wove(uouv)Woven(uovan)Weaving A tese
To win(uin)Won(uan)Won Winning A castiga
To write(rait)Wrote(rout)Written(ritan)Writing A scrie
Mobilier - FurnitureSofa - canapea (soufa)Bookcase - biblioteca (bukkeis)
Bed - pat (bed)Mirror - oglinda (mira)
Chair -scaun (tsea)Desk - birou (desk)
Armchair - fotoliu (a:mtsea)Curtain - perdea (ka:tn)
Table - masa (teibl)Carpet - covor (ka:pit)
Lamp - lampa (laemp)Shelf - raft (self)
Picture - tablou (piktsa)Vase(of flowers) - vaza(cu flori)
Pillow -pernaClock - ceas de perete
Fireplace - semineuWatch - ceas de mana
Plant - plantaFlower - floare
Light - luminaWindow - fereastra
Mat - presul din fata usiiDining table - masa pe care se man.
Washbasin - chiuvetaSink - chiuveta
Shower - dusMicrowave -cuptor cu microunde
Toilet - toaletaOven - cuptor
Vacuum cleaner - aspiratorFridge - frigider
Crystal - cristalFreezer - congelator
Bath - cadaDust - praf
Cupboard - dulap (kabad)Cooker - aragaz
SporturiTable tennis - tenis de masaBasketball - baschetVoleyball - voleiHandball - handbalSki - schiPool - biliardAthletism - atletismIce sketing - patinajHockey - hocheiGymnastic - gimnasticaAdjectivulEste partea de vorbire care clarifica sau determina un substantiv sau un echivalent al unui substantiv.In limba engleza adjectivele stau inaintea substantivelor sau dupa verbul to be.Totodata ele nu se acorda in gen,nr. Sau caz cu substantivul.Clasificarea adjectivelor1.Calitative2.Posesive3.Interogativ-relative4.Demonstrative5.Cantitative si nehotarateAdjectivele posesiveLa singularmy - meu, mea, mei, meleYour- tau, ta, tai, taleHis- lui, sau, sa, sai, sale, dansuluiHer - ei, sa, sai, sale, danseiIts - lui, ei, sau, sa, sai, saleLa plural:our (auer) - nostru, noastra, nostri, noastreYour - vostru, voastra, vostrii, dumneavoastraTheir (deier) - lor, dansilor, danselor, dumnealorMy friend - my friendsour friend-sYour friend - your friendsyour friend-sHis - / -their friend-sIts - / -Her - / -It's our business - este treaba voastraIt's not your business - nu este treaba voastraIt's my bookIt's your bookHis shirt is new - camasa lui este nouaHer cat is blak - pisica ei este neagraCazul genitiv - este cazul atributului si raspunde la urmatoarele intrebari:Whose (huz) ? - al, a, ale cui ?Which of ? - care dintre?Which ? - care ?What ? - ce, care ?Genitivul se recunoaste dupa terminatiile 's si ' care sunt folosite ca adjective posesive pentru a arata legatura dintre o persoana sau un lucru cu o alta persoana sau un alt lucru.'S - se adauga substantivelor care sunt si la singular si la plural dar nu se termina in litera s .Ex: James is Rosie's brother.' - se adauga substantivelor la plural care se termina in litera s .Ex: She is at a girls' school - ea este la o scoala de fete.This are the cat's bowls.- acestea sunt castroanele pisicilor.Cand numele unei persoane se termina in litera s se poate adauga 's sau 'Ex: The baker's - bauturaThe chemist's - farmaciaThe greengroser's - aprozarulThe groser's - bacaniaThe barber's - frizeriaThe hairdresser's - coaforulThe jeweller's - magazinul de bijuteriiJewellery(giulari) - bijuteriiGenitivul se mai formeaza cu prepozitia of ai se foloseste cu substantive de toate genurile.Ex:Rosie is the sister of James.James is the brother of Rosie.He is John's father.He is the father of John.Substantive numarabile si nenumarabileSubstantivul este partea de vorbire care denumeste fiinte,obiecte,stari, notiuni, insusiri, etc.1. Substantive numarabile - se refera la persoane si lucruri care pot fi numarate.Au forme de singular si de plural.A computertwo computer- Daca substantivul este subiect verbul poate fi la singular sau la plural dupa caz.Ex: The book is red - The books are red- Pot fi inlocuite de un pronume la singular sau la plural.Ex: Whereis the book?Where is it?It's thereWhere are the books?They are there.- Pot fi insotite de numerale, de articolul nehotarat 'a' sau 'an'si de adjective nehotarate.2.Substantive nenumarabile - se refera la lucruri sau idei care nu pot fi numarate.Intotdeauna au forma de singular, niciodata nu au forma de plural.Nu se folosesc nici macar cu articolul nehotarat 'a' sau'an'.3.Exista substantive care sunt numarabile si nenumarabile in acelasi timp, tnsa acestea isi schimba mereu intelesul.Toast - nenumarabil - paine prajita - se manancaA toast - numarabil - toast - se vorbesteGossip - barfa(informatie)-a gossip - persoana care barfesteGlass - sticla (material)-a glass - recipientCricket - sportul criket-a cricket - greiereWood - lemn ca mat.prima-a wood - padureWork - munca-a work - o lucr. Creata de un artistHeat(hit)- topeste gheata- a heat - o proba eliminatorie- fierbe apa- ii oboseste pe sportivicloth - material, tesatura- a cloth - carpa(pt.sters vasele)Junk - gunoi, rebut-a junk - vas chinezesc(pt.navig)Capital - bani- a capital - capitalaEx: Two teas please! - numarabil Woud you like some tea? Doresti niste ceai?Vrei ceai?-nen.Adjectivul nehotarat si cantitativSome - unii, unele, niste, vreun, vreo-Se foloseste in propozitii afirmetiveEx: There are some visitors in the school. Sunt niste oaspeti in scoala.-Apare in propozitii interogative,cereri si oferte atunci cand se spera ca raspunsul este afirmativ.Ex: Can I have some orange juice, please ? Mi-ati putea aduce un suc de portocale?Any -In propozitiile afirmative se traduce: orice sau fieceEx: You can come any time. -Poti veni oricand.-Inpropozitiile negative se traduce: nici un, nici oEx: I can't find any excuse.Nu pot gasi nici o scuza. I haven't got any money.Nu am nici un ban.-In propozitiile interogat. Se traduce:orice,fiece,vreun,vreo.Ex: Do you see any ship? - Vezi vreun vapor? Have you got any friends? Ai vreun prieten?Ai ceva prieteni?Some si Any se folosesc cu subst. Plurale si subst. Numarabile, se refera la un numar de lucruri sau la o cantitate din ceva care nu este specificat.Ex: Some pens- niste stilouri Any pens-orice stilou, oricare din stilouriDiferenta de baza dintre Some si Any este ca:1.Some - este folosit cu formule pozitive sau afirmative ale verbului.Ex: I ate some fruit - am mancat niste fructe They bought some clothes - ei au cumparat niste haine. Any - este folosit cu formule negative ale verbului.Ex: I didn'teat any fruit. - N-am mancat nici o fructa. They didn't by any clothes. - Ei nu au cumparat nici o haina2.Majoritatea intrebarilor se formeaza cu anyEx: - Do you have any brothers or sisters? Ai vreun frate sau sora?- Can you speak any foreign languages? Poti sa vorbesti vreo limba straina?Dar intrebarile pot folosi si pe some:-You look hungry - Arati infometat-Shall I cook you some food? - Sa-ti gatesc ceva(niste)mancare-I'm very hungry - Imi este foarte foame.-Would you cook me some food? - Ai vrea sa-mi pregatesti(gatesti)ceva mancare?Culori - ColoursWhite - alb (wait)Blue - albastru (blu
Black - negru (blaek)Green - verde (gri:n)
Brown - cafeniu, maro (braun)Orange - portocaliu (orindj)
Gray - gri, cenusiu (grei)Violet - violet (vaialit)
Red - rosu (red)Mauve - mov (mouv)
Yellow - galben (yelou)Rosy - roz (rouzi)
Verbul. Timpul prezent simpluLa afirmativFormula: subiect+verb('es' sau 's'pers.III)Verbul are forma infinitivului insa fara particula 'to'cand este vorba de pronumele:I, you, we, they.Verbul are forma infinitivului fara particula to' dar primeste terminatia's' sau'es' cand este vorba de pronumele:I, you, we, they.In romaneste timpul prezent se traduce cu indicativul prezent.Timpul prezent este folosit pentru:1. A descrie lucruri care se intampla zilnicEx: I work in a bank2. A descrie lucruri care au loc intr-un mod regulatEx: She al wayas comes late-ea vine tarziu intotdeaunaI play tennis three times week - joc tenis de 3 ori pe saptamanaI bruch my teath twice a day - ma spal pe dinti de 2 ori (once-o data)pe zi.3.Pentru a descrie lucruri general valabileEx: Dogs bark - cainii latraWater freezes at 0C - Apa ingheata la 0 C4.Pentru a descrie lucruri programate sau fixate.Ex:The train leaves at 7.a.m.5.Pentru a descrie sentimente generale fata de lucruri.Ex:He look a bit unhappy - pare un pic trist.Prezentul simplu foloseste adesea cuvinte sau expresii care ne indica de cate ori se petrece ceva.Ex:always - intotdeaunaUsualy - de obiceiNever - niciodataSometimes - cateodataGenerally - in generalAll the times - tot timpul, mereuFour hours a day - 4 ore pe ziThree times a weck - de 3 ori pe saptamanaEvery day - in fiecare ziEvery week - in fiecare saptamanaEvery month - in fiecare lunaEvery year - in ficare anOften - adesea, uneoriSeldom - rareori(sometimes)Forma negativa la timpul prezentLa timpul prezent o propozitie negativa se formeaza prin adaugarea lui:do not, don't sau does not, doesn't + infinitiv( fara to ).He doesn't eat - El nu manancaI don't swim - Eu nu inotI don't like him - Nu-mi place de elSg.I don'tPl.We don'tYou don'tYou don't+ verbHe doesn't+ verbThey don'tShe doesn'tIt doesn'tForma interogativaLa timpul prezent intrebarile se formeaza cu do sau does + infinitiv(fara particula to)Do you have any questions? - Mai aveti vreo intrebare?Do you live there? - Stai tu acolo?Does she live there? - Sta ea acolo?Interogatin negativulDon't you live there? - Nu locuiesti tu acolo?Doesn't she live there? - Nu locuieste ea acolo?Flori - FlowersRose - trandafir (rouz)Peony - bujor (piani)
Pink - garoafa (pingk)Daisy - margareta (deizi)
Tulip - lalea (tju:lip)Dahlia - dalie,gherghina(deilia)
Hyacinth - zambila (haiasin)Chrysanthemum - crizantema(krisaenamam)
Snowdrop - ghiocel (snoudrop)Geranium - muscata (djireinyam)
Lilac - liliac (lailak)Sunflower - fl. Soarelui (sanflaua)
Lily - crin (lili)Water lily - nufar (wo:talili)
Expresiile: There is si there are Aceste expresii se folosesc numai cu verbul'to be'pentru a indica existenta concreta a unor lucruri, fenomene, persoane, etc, pe cand expresia it is se foloseste pentru elemente care se masoara.Ex: timp, distanta, temperaturaThere is - exista, se afla, se gasesteThere are - exista, se afla, se gasescThis -acesta, aceasta - fol. la sg. si arata apropierea apropiereaThat - acela, aceia - departareaThese (diiz) - aceste - apropiereaThose (dauz) - acelea - departareaVesela Carne - Meat
Plate -farfurie (pleit)Beef - vaca (bi:f)
Saucer - farfurioara (so:sa)Veal - vitel (vi:l)
Fork - furculita (fo:k)Pork - porc (po:k)
Knife - cutit (naif)Mutton - oaie,berbec(matn)
Spoon - lingura (spu:n)Lamb - miel (laem)
Tea-spoon - lingurita(ti:spu:n)Ckicken - pui (tsikin)
Cup - ceasca (kap)Fowl - pasare (faul)
Tea-pot ceainic (ti:pot)Turkey - curcan (ta:ki)
Coffee-pot - ibric pt. CafeaGoose - gasca (gu:s)
Bread-basket - cos de paine(breadba:skit)Duck - rata(dak)
Bowl - castronRabbit - iepure (raebit)
Jar - borcanGame - vanat (geim)
Tin - conservaVenison - caprioara(venyn)
Glass - paharPrawn - rac
Small plate - farfuriutaFish - peste (fis)
Excuse me.Can I have the menu, please?Can I have the bill, please?Mi-aduceti nota de plata va rog.Would you bring me the bill, please?What would you like to eat(drink)?I'd like..., please.Near - aproapeAnything else - altceva?Far - departeYour change - restul dumneavoastraFar away - f. departeTo serve - a se serviTake away - a lua la pachetHot - caldHomemada - mancare facuta acasaCold - receA piece of cake - o felie de prajituraA packet of sugar - un pachet de zaharA bottle of oil - o sticla de uleiA tin of peas - o conserva de mazareA tube of.. - un tub de...A box of.. - o cutie de...A sack of... - o punga de...A bar of soap - o bucata de sapunA pound of cheese - 450 grame de branzaFive pound of potatoes - 2,25 kg cartofiA loaf of bread - o franzelaA slice of bread - o felie de paineTo slice - a taia in feliA bunch of grapes - un ciorchine de struguriHold something - a tine ceva in mana.Use a knife and fork - sa folosim cutitul si furculuitaDrink from a cup - a bea din ceascaWriting paper - coli de scrisStamps - timbreEnvelopes - plicuriLetter - scrisoarePostcards - carte postalaPhone cards - cartele telefoniceDiary - jurnalExpensive - scumpCigarettes - tigariCheap - ieftinLighter - brichetaShops - magazinePacking list - lista cu lucruri de impachetatSweets - dulciuriPasteries - produse de patiserie(peistris)Birthday cake - tortSoap - sapunTowel - prosopEvery where - peste totShampoo - samponWhich ones - care dintre eleTooth paste - pasta de dintiThat one - aceeaToothbrush - periuta de dintiOver there - de acoloLipstik - rujEach - fiecareMake up - farduriAltogether - laolaltaMagazines - revisteCamera - aparat de fotografiatBatteries - bateriiFilms - rolfilmOrdinea adjectivelorDe obicei adjectivele se pun dupa verbul to be sau inaintea substantivuluiEx:It's a red dress1.Se trec adjectivele care exprima parerea sau opinia2.Adjectivele care exprima altele (marimea, varsta )3.Adjectivele care descriu culoarea4.Adjectivele care descriu materialulEx:It's a beautiful, long, black, leather coat.PielepardesiuAdjectivele se despart de obicei prin virgula, dar cand sunt numai doua adjective virgula nu mai este necesara.Ex:A big blue coat.Insa daca ambele adjective descriu culori sau material, se pune intre ele conjunctia 'si'.Ex:A red and green carpet.Cand un verb este urmat de doua sau mai multe adjective care la randul lor nu sunt urmate deun substantiv, atunci intre ultimele doua adjective se pune conjunctia 'si'.Ex:His beard is long, thick and black.GroasaMeniu -Menu(menyn:) Hors d'oeuvres - antreuri, aperitive (o:davz)Water - apa (wo:ta)
Fried eggs - ochiuri (fraid egz)Mineral water - apa minerala
Omlet(te) - omleta (omlit)Soda-water- sifon(souda wota)
Fried potatoes - cartofi prajiti (fraid pateitouz)Tonic-water - tonic(tonik wota)
Chips - cartofi pai (tsips)Tea - ceai (ti
Mashed potatoes - cartofi piureu (maest pateitouz)Coffee - cafea (kofi)
Soup - supa (su:p)Cocoa - cacao (koukou)
Roastmeat(beef,chicken) - carne fripta (de vaca, pui)Lemonade-limonada (lemaneid)
Grilled meat - carne le gratar (grild mi:t)Juice - suc(de fructe) (dju:s)
Salad - salata (sealad)Tomato juice - suc de rosii
Escalope - snitel (eskaloup)Beer - bere (bia)
Meat balls - chiftele (mi:t bo:lz)Ale - bere(slaba) (eil)
Ham - sunca (heam)Wine - vin (wain)
Roll - chifla, corn (roul)Port - vin de Porto (po:t)
Pie - pateu, placinta, tarta (pai)Champagne-sampanie(saempein
Cake - prajitura, tort (keik)Brandy - coniac,rachiu(braendi)
Pudding - budinca (puding)Cherry brabdy - visinata
Ice-cream - inghetata (ais kri:m)Cognac - coniac (kounyaek)
Jam - dulceata, gem (djaem)Liqueur - lichior (likyua)
Honei - miere (hani)Gin - gin (djin)
Seaweed - fructe de mare (siuid)Rum - rom (ram)
Sausage - carnat (sosigi)Compote - compot (kompout)
Glass of wather - pahar cu apaMineral water - apa mineralaPlain water - apa plataSteak - friptira (steic)Fruit juice - suc de fructeFried chicken - pui prajitbottle - sticlaRoast lamb - miel la gratarWaiter - ospatar, chelnerFish of the day - peste proaspatWaiteress - ospataritaMixed salad - salata asortataBread - painePlain salad - salata dintr-o sg.legumaEgg - ouDesserts - desert (dizart)Rice - orez (rais)Pancakes - clatite (pancheips)Couscous - un fel de orezCrep - clatiteNoodles - taitei (nudals)Strawberry cake - prajitura cu capsuni Olive oil - ulei de mazline (stroberi)Butter - unt (batar)Chese and biscuits - branza si biscuitisugar - zahar (sugar)Cupboard - bufetFridge - frigider (britanicii)Refrigerator - frigider (englezii)Chop - a tocaMix - a amestecaCrumble - a framantaStir - a mestecaPeel - a decojiOn the left - la stangaOn the right - la dreaptaAt the top - inainteaAt the bottom - dupaStraigh ahead - drept inainteOn the corner - pe coltAcross the bridge - peste podAcross the road - peste stradaAllong the road - de-a lungul drumuluiPast the bank - dincolo de bancaNUMERALUL CARDINAL - THE CARDINAL NUMERAL1 - one9 - nine17 - seventeen60 - sixty 2 - two10 - ten18 - eighteen70 - seventy 3 - three11 - eleven20 - twenty80 - eighty 4 - four12 - twelve21 - twenty-one90 - ninety 5 - five13 - thirteen22 - twenty-two100 - one(a) hundred6 - six14 - fourteen30 - thirty200 - two hundred7 - seven15 - fifteen40 - forty1000 - one thousand8 - eight16 - sixteen50 - fifty2000 - two thousandNumerale ordinale1st -the first - primul, intaiul9th -the neineth 2nd - the second - al doilea10th - the tenth3rd - the third - al treilea11th - the eleventh4th - the fourth12th - the twelfth5th - the fifth13th - the thirteenth6th - the sixth14th - the fourteenth7th - the seventh15th - the fifteenth8th - the eighth16th - the sixteenth17th - the seventeenth30th - the thirtieth18th - the eighhteenth40th - the fourtieth19th - the nineteenth50th - the fiftieth20th - the twentieth60th - the sixtieth21th - the twenty - first70th - the seventieth22th - the twenty - second80th - the eightieth23th - the twenty - third90th - the neintieth100th - the one hundredth101th - the one hundred and first1000th - the one thousandth1000000th - the one millionthNumeral colectivContine o multime exprimata printr-un singular-couple (capal) - cuplu, doua-pair (peer) - pereche-score (scor) - 20, pol-team (tiim) - echipa-dazem - duzina, 12-gross - 12 duziniEx:A couple of cherries - doua cireseA pair of shoes - o pereche de pantofiA pair of trousers - o pereche de pantaloniTo walk in pairs - a se plimba perechi (cate doi)Half a score years - 40 de aniNumeralul multiplicativDouble - dubluTriple -tripluOnce -o dataTwice -de doua oriThree times - de trei oriFour times - de 4 oriFive times - de 5 oriA hundred times - de 100 de oriNumeral distributivOne at a time - cate unul odataTwo at a time - cate doi odataThree at a time - cate trei odataOne by one - unul cate unulTwo by two - doi cate doiThree by three - 3 cate 3By the dozen - la duzinaTen at time - cate 10, 10 odataEvery other minute - din 2 in 2 minute, din clipa in clipaEvery other hour - din 2 in 2 ore, la fiecare doua oreNumeral adverbialFirstly - in primul randSecondly - in al doilea randThirdly - in al treilea randFourthly - in al 4-lea randNumeral nehotaratA number of - un numar deA lot of - o multime de, o gramada deLots of many - multi, multeTens of - zeci deHundreds of - sute deData -The date1st January 1971 - The first of January, nineteen seventy-one23rd August 1944 - The twenty-third of August, nineteen forty-four30th December 1947 - The thirtieth of December, nineteen forty-seven.Semnele matematice '+' and, plus'-' minus (mainas)'x' multiplied (multiplaid)':' divided by (divaidid) - impartit la'=' equal to (ecualtu) - egal cu'%' per centradical - scuare root (scuer rut)Prepozitii pentru exprimarea timpului1.At - se foloseste la:a. Perioade ale zileiEx: At five o'clockAt night - seara, serileAt the moment - momentan, pe momentAt midnight - in mijlocul noptiib.Festivaluri religioaseAt Christmas - la craciun, de craciunAt Easter, de (la) paste2.In - se foloseste la:a. LuniEx:in Februaryin Octomberb.Anotimpuriin springin summerc.Aniin 1944in 2000d.SecoleIn the twentieth century (sentari)secol3.On - se foloseste la:a. Zile ale saptamaniiOn FridayOn Mondayb. La date:On forth JulyOn 17th MarchTimpul prezent progresiv (continuu)Functiile:1. Exprimarea unei actiuni in curs de desfasurare in momentul vorbirii sau scrierii.Ex:Susan is working at home today.-Susan lucreaza acasa astazi.It is getting dark.- Se intuneca.The bus is coming. - Autobuzul vine.He is speaking on the phone. - El vorbeste la telefon.2. Exprimarea unei actiuni (eventual de mai lunga durata) care reflecta un proces, o dezvoltare, o evolutie.Ex:The baby is growing up. - Copilul creste.3. Exprimarea planurilor viitoare folosind adesea timpul viitor al adverbului.Ex:When are you going on holiday? - Cand pleci an concediu(vacanta)I am leaving next Tuestday. - Plec martea viitoare.La afirmativ avem verbul 'to be' + participiul prezent(terminatia-ing)I am playing in the garden.You are playng in the garden.He, she, it is playing in the garden.We are playing in the garden.You are playing in the garden.They are playing in the garden.Forma interogativa - afirmativVerbul auxiliar'to be' + negatie + verb cu terminatia-ingAm I playing in the garden?Are you playing in the garden?Is he, she, it playing in the garden?Are we playing in the garden?Are you playing in the garden?Are they playing in the garden?Interogativ negativAuxiliarul'to be' + subiect + negatie + verb terminat in -ingAm I not coming tomorrow?Are you not coming tomorrow?Is he, she, it not coming tomorrow?Are we not coming tomorrow?Are you not coming tomorrow?Are they not coming tomorrow?Regulile pentru creare a participiului1.Verb la infinitiv + ingEx:walk - walkingpaint - painting2.Verbele la infinitiv terminate in -e taie aceasta litera si adauga -ing.Ex:dance - dancingMake - making3.Un infinitiv care se termina intr-o silaba (compusa dintr-o vocala si o consoana) dar pe care se pune accent dubleaza consoana si adauga -ing.Ex:stop - stoppingPut - putting4.Un infinitiv care se termina intr-o silaba (compusa dintr-o vocala si o consoana) dar pe care se pune accent dubleaza consoana si adauga -ingEx:begin - beginningRefer - referring5.Un infinitiv terminat intr-o silaba (compus dintr-o vocala si litera l) dubleaza litera l si adauga -ing.Ex:travel - travellingTo can - a putea - se foloseste in urmatoarele cazuri:1. Cand este vorba de abilitatea unei persoane.Ex: I can drive a car. - Pot sa conduc o masina.2. Pentru a cere ceva.Ex: Can I have a sandwich, please.- Puteti sa-mi aduceti un sandwich va rog.Poate fi folosit cu un verb la infinitiv (fara particula to )Ex: I can dance. - Eu pot sa dansez. He can dance.Negativul se formeaza prin adaugarea lui not sau n't la acest verb.Ex: I can't dance. Icannot dance. - intotdeauna se scrie legat in engleza britanica.Interogatia afirmativa - se formeaza prin punerea verbului can inaintea verbului.Ex: Can I dance? - Pot eu sa dansez?Negatia interogativa - Can't I dance?Can't you dance?Timpul trecut Was - pers. a 3 a sg. si persoana I sg. Were - restul (II sg. + I,II,III pl. )Timpul trecut se foloseste atunci cand vorbim despre o actiune, un eveniment sau o stare, la un anume timp din trecut.Ex:My brothers arrived in Pitesti yesterday.Fratii mei au sosit in Pitesti ieri.Formele timpului trecuta. infinitiv + terminatia -ed (fara particula to )b. infinitivele terminate in - e adauga litera dEx:like - likedc. infinitivele terminate in y schimba aceasta litera in I romanesc si adauga litera ed.Ex:hurry - hurriedd. alte vebe terminate intr-o consoana, repeta ultima consoana dupa care adauga ed.Ex:stop - stopped (stopd)e. intrebarile se formeaza dupa formula:did + subiect + vb. la infinitivEx:Did you like your pizza?f. Forma negativa se formeaza prin folosirea lui:did not (didn't) dupa care se pune verbul la infinitiv.Ex:I didn't go there - Eu nu am fost acolo.