Current Situation of the Japanese Chemical Fibers...

日本の合成繊維産業の現状及び見通し

Current Situation and Future

Prospects of the Japanese

Chemical Fibers Industry

一般社団法人繊維学会会長東京工業大学大学院理工学研究科

有機・高分子物質専攻教授鞠谷雄士

1. Industry Developments in Japan

2

• Japan’s GDP growth rate during the 2nd quarter in 2015 showed 1.6% decrease,

due largely to a fall in private consumption.

-1.6

4.5

1.4

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

1Q

2008

3Q 1Q

2009

3Q 1Q

2010

3Q 1Q

2011

3Q 1Q

2012

3Q 1Q

2013

3Q 1Q

2014

3Q 1Q

2015

2Q

(%)

Fig 1 Japan’s GDP growth rate

Contribution Ratio

Domestic Demand

GDP Growth rate

External Demand

Annualized change from the previous quarter (seasonally adjusted)

3

Fig 2 Recent trend of stock price and exchange rate in Japan

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

1Q

2008

3Q 1Q

2009

3Q 1Q

2010

3Q 1Q

2011

3Q 1Q

2012

3Q 1Q

2013

3Q 1Q

2014

3Q 1Q

2015

Aug

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

(1,000 yen) (Yen/US $)

• After December 2012, Japan’s stock price raised and yen decreased sharply due to the

credit relaxation policy and the expectation for an economic recovery.

• The future prospects of Japan's economy are uncertain due to economic turmoil overseas.

Exchange rate to the dollar

(right scale)

The Nikkei Stock Average

(Note) Quarter end rates

4

2．Current Situation of the Japanese

Textile/ Chemical Fibers Industry

1) Overviews

2) Textile Productions

3) Textile Consumptions

4) Textile Trade

5

Fig 3 Major textile-related economic indicators(% Change from the previous year)

(1) Indicators relating to the demand

for apparel application

(2) Indicators relating to the

demand for non-apparel

application

Household

consumption

on clothing

Clothing sales

department

store

Clothing

sales

supermarkets

Motor

vehicle

production

New

housing

starts

Construction

orders

2012 0.6 0.6 -1.7 18.4 5.8 3.2

2013 2.3 0.2 -5.6 -3.1 11.0 11.9

2014 -0.3 -1.1 -5.4 1.5 -9.0 1.7

2015 1Q* -12.3 -9.1 -9.6 -6.9 -5.2 6.2

2015 2Q 0.4 1.6 2.3 -9.6 7.4 5.2

• Personal expenditures on clothing remained sluggish as a whole after sales tax

increase in April 2014.

• Demand in non-apparel application also remained sluggish in the first half of 2015.

1) Overviews

(Note) Figures for 2015 1Q showed reactionary fall from the previous year’s last-minute demand

before sales tax increase in April 2014. 6

• Regarding production index by sector, chemical fiber remained, weaving firm,

apparel and spinning sluggish.

70

80

90

100

110

120

Jan

2011

Jul Jan

2012

Jul Jan

2013

Jul Jan

2014

Jul Jan

2015

Jun

Chemical FiberSpinningWeavingApparelWhole Textile industry

2010 average = 100.0

Fig 4 Changes in production index by processing sector in Japan


7

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

1950 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 2000 05 10 14

Cellulosic Fiber

Synthetic Fiber

（1,000 tons）

8Start of synthetic fiber production in Japan

Quantitativeexpansion

Shifting to qualitySelection and

concentration

Fig 5 Long trend of the Japanese chemical fiber production

Japan-US textile negotiations

Asian financial crisisOil crisis

Lehman shock

Bubble economy collapse

Plaza Accord

Re-

emergence


（1,000tons）

2012 2013 2014 %* 2015 H1 %*

Chemical fibers 980 980 976 -0.4 484 -2.1

Synthetic fibers 812 812 805 -0.9 397 -2.1

Nylon F 98 95 98 +2.8 45 -7.9

Polyester F 167 151 136 -10.3 65 -5.3

Polyester S 152 143 147 +2.6 71 -6.6

Acrylic S 140 147 141 -4.4 70 +0.9

Others 255 276 283 +2.5 146 +2.3

Cellulosic fibers 169 168 171 +2.1 87 -2.1

• The chemical fibers production in the first half of 2015 decreased by 2.1% from

the previous year to 484 thousand tons.

• The production of main fibers except acrylic staple showed decrease.

＊：% change from the previous year

Fig 6 Production of Chemical Fibers

9


Fig 7 Exports and Imports of major chemical fibers in Japan(1,000tons)

10


Export Import

2014 %* 2015 H1 %* 2014 %* 2015 H1 %*

Chemical fibers 440 -0.7 217 +0.2 242 +13.7 120 +1.5

Synthetic fibers 320 -2.2 160 +2.6 218 +15.0 111 +3.4

Nylon F 40 +13.6 19 -2.7 31 +18.1 16 +9.4

Polyester F 18 -10.1 8 -16.2 127 +15.3 64 3.5

Polyester S 29 -22.6 13 -15.8 34 +24.3 17 +2.6

Acrylic S 147 -2.8 78 +12.7 0.7 -44.9 0.3 -11.7

Cellulosic fibers 120 +3.3 5.6 -6.1 24 +2.9 10 -15.5

＊：% change from the previous year

• Mill consumption of the chemical fibers in FY2014* is 888 thousand tons.

• The share of non-apparel application continued to increase to 80% from 66% in FY2000.

• Production of non-woven fabrics remains relatively stable due to the firm demand of

industrial and home application in Japan.

Fig 8 Mill Consumption by Final Use of Chemical Fibers in Japan

＊(Note) Fiscal Year from April to March


0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2000 '05 '10 '14

(1,000 ton)

392182

460

407

296

300

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

2000 2014

Apparel Home Furnishing Industrial

(1,000 ton) 66%

80%

Fig 9 Non-woven Fabrics Production in Japan

11

12

97

74

0

20

40

60

80

100

1997 '00 '03 '05 '07 '09 '11 '14

Value

Quantity

(%)

10.810.2

8.9 9.1 9.2 9.3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2000 '05 10 11 12 13

(trillion yen)

Fig 11 Import penetration ratio of the Japanese textile market

Fig 10 Japanese apparel market size

• Japanese apparel market remained stable and large. It is estimated to be about 9.3

trillion yen in 2013.

• Import penetration ratio reached 97% in 2013.


3. Issues in International Trade

13

Source: Bank of Japan, Japan Chemical Fibers Association & UN Statistics(1965-1969)

（¥/$）

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

-3500

-3000

-2500

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

'65 '70 '75 '80 '85 '90 '95 '00 '05 '10

（Billion Yen）

’14

1971 Nixon Shock

1985 Plaza Accord

Import

（left scale）

Export

（left scale）

Trade Balance

（left scale）

Yen / US Dollar

（right scale）

1973-74 Oil Crisis

• Textile & clothing exports in 2014 increased by 7% to ¥928 billion,

textile & clothing imports in 2014 increased by 2% to ¥4,263 billion.

As a result, trade deficit reached ¥3,335 billion, a record high level.

（Yen / Usd）

2008 Lehman Shock

1991- Economic Bubble Burst in

Japan

& Shock of 2nd Yen Rise

4) Textile Trade

Fig 12 Japan’s Textile trade

14

Fig 13 Japanese textile trade partner (Yen basis)

(1) Exports2007 2014 2015 H1 Share(%)

Value Value % Value % 2007 2015 H1

Asia 745 671 +6 336 +6 72% 70%

China 404 303 -1 147 +4 39% 31%

ASEAN 137 210 +13 107 +8 13% 22%

Vietnam 46 85 +12 45 +12 4% 9%

Europe 116 104 +11 55 +5 11% 11%

USA 87 72 +19 40 +22 8% 8%

World 1,033 928 +7 480 8 100% 100%

(2) Imports2007 2014 2015 H1 Share(%)

Value Value % Value % 2007 2015 H1

Asia 3,187 3,894 +2 1,873 +6 88% 91%

China 2,722 2,846 -3 1,288 +1 75% 63%

ASEAN 278 782 +21 430 +22 8% 21%

Vietnam 101 340 +22 186 +25 3% 9%

Europe 301 264 +8 122 +0 8% 6%

USA 68 58 +5 31 +9 2% 2%

World 3,609 4,263 +2 2,050 +6 100% 100%

• China is the largest exporter and importer, but recently the share continues to decrease.

The share of ASEAN continues to rise after the effectuation of AJCEP in 2008.

(AJCEP: Asia-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership)

15

(Billion Yen)

4) Textile Trade

15

● Japan has already signed 15 FTAs.

● TPP, RCEP, Japan-EU FTA, Japan-China-Korea FTA negotiations have started

since 2013.

Malaysia

(Jul, ’06）Brunei

(Jul, ’08）

Thailand

（Nov, ’07）

Indonesia

（Jul, ’08）

The Philippines

(Dec, ’08）

GCC JapanKoreaChina

Vietnam

(Oct, ’09)

Effectuation/ Agreed Under negotiation

AJCEP

(Dec, ’08）

Japan-China-Korea

Chile

(Sep, ’07）

Mexico

(Apr, ’05）

Peru

(March, ’12）

T P P

Canada

Columbia

Switzerland

(Sep, ’09）

EU

Turkey

India

（Aug, ’11）

Australia

（Jan, ’15）

Mongolia

16

Singapore

(Nov, ’02）

Signed

RCEP

Fig 14 Economic partnership strategy of Japan

Japan’s Textile and Clothing Trade Value（2014）

Export Import

Value Share Value Share

Million yen Million yen

Korea 46,134 5.0% 61,883 1.5%

Taiwan 27,243 2.9% 52,934 1.2%

Hong Kong 54,267 5.8% 1,732 0.0%

China 302,777 32.6% 2,845,657 66.8%

ASEAN 10 210,027 22.6% 781,973 18.3%

India 14,223 1.5% 51,743 1.2%

Pakistan 5,062 0.5% 13,563 0.3%

West Asia 40,322 4.3% 4,978 0.1%

Other SE Asia 11,282 1.2% 84,855 2.0%

Asia Total 711,338 76.6% 3,899,316 91.5%

EU 88,091 9.5% 237,585 5.6%

Other Europe 16,045 1.7% 26,168 0.6%

Europe Total 104,136 11.2% 263,753 6.2%

North America 75,640 8.1% 61,829 1.5%

MS America 6,577 0.7% 16,345 0.4%

Americas Total 82,217 8.9% 78,174 1.8%

Africa 26,905 2.9% 14,626 0.3%

Oceania 3,876 0.4% 6,888 0.2%

TOTAL 928,473 100.0% 4,262,757 100.0%

Source: Japan Chemical Fibers Association

Primary Source: Ministry of Finance

Korea, 5.0%

Taiwan, 2.9%

HongKong, 5.8%

China, 32.6%

ASEAN, 22.6%

India, 1.5%

Pakistan, 0.5%

West Asia, 4.3%

Other SE Asia, 1.2%

EU, 9.5%

Other Europe, 1.7%

Americas, 8.9%

Africa, 2.9% Oceania, 0.4%

Export

Korea, 1.5%

Taiwan, 1.2%

HongKong, 0.0%

China, 66.8%

ASEAN, 18.3%

India, 1.2%

Pakistan, 0.3%

West Asia, 0.1%

Other SE Asia, 2.0%

EU, 5.6%

Other Europe, 0.6%

Americas, 1.8%

Africa, 0.3%Oceania, 0.2%

Import

17

18Source: Japan Chemical Fibers Association


7.1%

5.5%

5.2%

5.1%

5.2%

5.3%

5.6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2008200920102011201220132014

EU 7.1%5.5%5.2%5.1%5.2%5.3%5.6%

CHINA 75.7%77.9%76.2%73.7%72.4%70.4%66.8%

KOREA 1.8%1.7%1.9%1.8%1.6%1.5%1.5%

TAIWAN 1.3%1.1%1.3%1.4%1.3%1.2%1.2%

THAILAND 1.7%1.7%1.9%2.0%2.0%2.1%2.4%

INDONESIA 1.8%1.6%1.9%2.6%3.0%3.3%3.6%

MALAYSIA 0.9%0.8%1.0%1.0%1.1%1.1%1.2%

VIET NAM 3.1%3.8%4.2%5.0%5.8%6.7%8.0%

INDIA 1.1%1.0%1.1%1.2%1.1%1.1%1.2%

BANGLADESH 0.2%0.4%0.6%0.9%1.2%1.4%1.7%

U.S.A. 1.7%1.4%1.5%1.4%1.3%1.3%1.4%

MYANMAR 0.4%0.5%0.5%0.8%0.9%1.1%1.4%

Other 3.1%2.6%2.8%3.1%3.1%3.4%4.1%

EU CHINA KOREA TAIWAN THAILAND INDONESIA MALAYSIA Total

3,430,885

Total

3,022,726

Total

3,002,146

Total

3,395,972

Total

3,450,595

Total

4,164,840

Total

4,262,757

(million ¥)

Overall Textile and Clothing Import by Region (2008-2014)

19

2014.1-12

COUNTRIES AMOUNTShare

(%)

14/13

(%)

1 CHINA 2,845,657 66.8 97.1

2 VIET NAM 340,261 8.0 122.3

3 EU 237,585 5.6 106.7

4 INDONESIA 154,838 3.6 112.4

5 THAILAND 101,709 2.4 114.8

6 BANGLADESH 73,286 1.7 123.2

7 KOREA 61,883 1.5 99.9

8 MYANMAR 59,561 1.4 126.7

9 U.S.A. 57,645 1.4 104.8

10 TAIWAN 52,934 1.2 110.1

Other 277,398 6.5 118.6

Total 4,262,757 100.0 102.4



(million JP¥)

2013.1-12


(%)

13/12

(%)

1 CHINA 2,931,857 70.4 117.4

2 VIET NAM 278,273 6.7 138.8

3 EU 222,659 5.3 124.4

3 INDONESIA 137,782 3.3 135.0

5 THAILAND 88,588 2.1 131.2

6 KOREA 61,965 1.5 110.5

7 BANGLADESH 59,506 1.4 143.2

8 U.S.A. 54,990 1.3 125.3

9 TAIWAN 48,099 1.2 109.1

10 INDIA 47,174 1.1 119.1

Other 233,947 5.6 130.3

Total 4,164,840 100.0 120.7

Overall Textile and Clothing Import by Region (2013-14)

20Source: Japan Chemical Fibers Association


10.7%

8.8%

9.4%

9.7%

8.9%

9.3%

9.5%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2008200920102011201220132014

EU 10.7%8.8%9.4%9.7%8.9%9.3%9.5%

CHINA 37.4%39.2%38.2%38.4%36.9%35.3%32.6%

KOREA 5.0%4.7%4.6%4.6%4.3%4.4%5.0%

TAIWAN 3.3%3.0%3.1%3.1%3.0%3.0%2.9%

HONG KONG 8.7%8.4%8.1%7.1%6.7%6.1%5.9%

THAILAND 3.6%3.2%3.8%4.0%4.4%3.8%3.9%

INDONESIA 2.1%2.3%2.7%2.7%2.9%3.3%3.6%

MALAYSIA 1.4%1.6%1.6%1.8%1.8%1.8%2.0%

VIET NAM 4.9%6.1%6.0%7.4%8.3%8.8%9.2%

U.S.A. 7.8%6.6%7.0%6.6%7.0%7.0%7.7%

U.A.E. 2.5%2.5%1.9%1.8%2.0%2.3%2.5%

Other 12.5%13.5%13.5%12.8%13.8%14.8%15.3%

EU CHINA KOREA TAIWAN HONG KONG THAILAND INDONESIA MALAYSIA VIET NAM U.S.A. U.A.E. Other

Overall Textile and Clothing Export by Region (2008-2014)

Total

7,651

Total

8,942

Total

10,186

Total

9,887

Total

8,884

Total

8,776

Total

9,115

（million $）

21

2014.1-12


(%)

14/13(%)

1 CHINA 2,862,077 32.6 91.3

2 EU 832,608 9.5 100.5

3 VIET NAM 803,872 9.2 103.1

4 U.S.A. 678,248 7.7 109.8

5 HONG KONG 513,464 5.9 94.1

6 KOREA 436,914 5.0 110.6

7 THAILAND 344,432 3.9 100.9

8 INDONESIA 312,892 3.6 106.0

9 TAIWAN 258,309 2.9 96.2

10 U.A.E. 215,107 2.5 107.3

Other 1,517,711 17.3 102.9

Total 8,775,634 100.0 98.8

(1,000 US$)



2013.1-12


(%)

13/12(%)

1 CHINA 3,136,016 35.3 85.9

2 EU 828,506 9.3 94.3

2 VIET NAM 779,535 8.8 95.3

3 U.S.A. 617,546 7.0 88.9

4 HONG KONG 545,870 6.1 82.9

5 KOREA 394,983 4.4 92.1

6 THAILAND 341,489 3.8 78.7

7 INDONESIA 295,230 3.3 102.0

8 TAIWAN 268,622 3.0 89.6

10 U.A.E. 200,505 2.3 99.3

Other 1,475,398 16.6 96.2

Total 8,883,700 100 89.9

Overall Textile and Clothing Export by Region (2013-14)

4.Current Situation of Advanced Fibers

22

23

日本の繊維産業は、これまで高性能・高機能繊維を中心に素材創製の技術力を中心に展開してきた。一方で、創製した繊維のアプリケーションの視点では必ずしも強みを発揮できていないとの課題も指摘されていた。

今後は、川会の素材創製力の強みを維持しつつ、アプリケーション技術の強化、さらにはユーザー産業との連携による新規用途開発（次世代モビリティ、環境・エネルギー、医療・ヘルスケア等）が重要と考えている。

History of Japanese Chemical Fiber Industry

1st Phase : Creation era (-1950s)

➢Transition from Rayon era to Synthetic Fiber era.➢Commercialization of Big 3 of Synthetic Fiber: Polyester, Nylon, Acrylic

2nd Phase : Growth era (1960s - 1980s)

Technological advancement through the process of polymerization, spinning, weaving, knitting and dyeing.

Development of various types of textiles and applications.

3rd Phase : Mega Competition era (1990s - 2000s)

Practical application of High Performance/Functional fiber developed. Establishment of high level technology of processing.

Ex) Nano-scale processing technology

4th Phase : Re-Expansion era (2010s)

Sophisticated and diversified industry raises the expectation for High Performance/Functional fiber.

Practical applications in wider range and in higher levels are in progress. 24

Current application of Advanced Fibers

Advanced Fibers

High-performance Fibers Highly-functional Fiber

Fibers with superior physical and chemical characteristics.

Fibers with unique functionality to meet customer’s needs.

＜Main product＞

Aramid fiber, Carbon fiber, Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, etc.

＜Main function＞

Sweat absorbing & Fast drying, Heat generation by moisture absorption, Anti-bacteria & Odor-preventing, Electrical conductivity, Biodegradability, etc.

Source: JCFA

Global Demand estimate of High-performance Fiber Global Demand estimate of Highly-functional Fibers

25

Japanese Companies’ Global Market Share In Advanced Fibers

Japanese

Company

47%

Others

53%

Para-Aramid Fiber

Japanese

Company

68%

Others

32%

PAN based Carbon Fibers

Japanese

Company

33%Others

67%

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers

Japanese

Company

100%

High-StrengthPolyarylate Fibers

26

Fiber Company and Brand / Characteristics / Applications

Para-Aramid Fiber Teijin “Technora” “Twaron”

DuPont-Toray “Kevlar”

Characteristics: High Tenacity and Modulus

Applications: Tire cord, Belt, Protective clothing, Rope, Aircraft parts,Reinforcement for Cements, etc.

UHMW- Polyethylene Fiber

Toyobo “Dyneema” “Tsunooga”

Characteristics: High Tenacity and Modulus, Light Weight, Abrasion Resistance, Chemical Resistance, Impact Strength, Light Stability

Applications: Rope, Net, Fishing line, Sewing thread, Reinforcing material of helmet Protective gloves, Sporting goods, etc.

Polyarylate Fiber Kuraray “Vectran”

KB Seiren“Zxion”

Characteristics: High Tenacity and Modulus, Heat Resistance, Resistantto Acids, Dimensional Stability, Low Creep, Low Moisture Absorption

Applications: Net, Tension members, Belt, Aerospace, Protectivematerials, Sporting goods, etc.

27

High-performance Fiber (High Tenacity)

Poly-p-phenylene-benzobisoxazole (PBO)Fiber

Toyobo “Zylon”

Characteristics: High Tenacity and Modulus, Heat Resistance, FlameRetardancy, Abrasion Resistance, Impact Strength, Low Creep, LowMoisture Absorption

Applications: Protective clothing, Sports, Aerospace, Industrialmaterials, Speaker Cone, etc.

High-Strength

Polyvinylalcohol (PVA)Fiber

Kuraray “KURALON K-Ⅱ”

Unitika “Super Vinylon”

Characteristics: High Tenacity and Modulus, Light Stability

Applications: Belt, Rope, Reinforcement for Cements, Tire cord,

Super ductile concrete etc.

Carbon Fiber Teijin “Tenax”

Toray “Torayca”

Mitsubishi Rayon “Pyrofil”

Characteristics: High Tenacity and Modulus, Heat Resistance, ChemicalResistance, Electrical conductivity

Applications: Aerospace, Sports, Industrial, etc.28

Aramid Fibers

Optical fiber reinforcements

Reinforcement for TireSling

Protective / ballistic-protection

Clutch facing

Rubber reinforcements

(Source: Teijin Ltd.)29

Landing Airbag for Mars Pathfinder

Rope , Netting, Fishing nets, etcAirship

Sporting goods(Bicycle, Golf shaft, etc.)

High-Strength Polyarylate Fibers

(Source: Kuraray)30

Fire-fighting clothing,Protective glove

Cockpit and chassis of racing car (FIA-compliant)

Cable cover for Welding machine

PBO Fibers（Polybenzoxazole Fiber）

Ultra Long Duration Balloon（NASA）

(image)

Space satellites

(Source: TOYOBO) 31

Carbon Fiber

GDL(Gas diffusion layer) for Fuel cell

Car panel, structural components Windmill blade

GolfclubPressure vessel

(Source: TEIJIN, TORAY, Mitsubishi Rayon)32

Fiber Company and Brand / Characteristics / Applications

Meta-Aramid Fiber Teijin “TEIJIN CONEX”

Characteristics: Heat Resistance, Flame Resistance

Applications: Heat-resistant filter, Flame-retardant clothing, Protectiveclothing, Welders’ working clothes, Heating apparatus, etc.

Polyphenylen Sulfide

（PPS) Fiber

Toray “Torcon” KB Seiren“Gradio”

Toyobo “Procon”

Characteristics: Heat Resistance, Chemical Resistance

Applications: Heat-resistant filter, Canvas for paper production, etc.

Fluorine Fiber Toray “TOYOFLON”“TEFLON”

Characteristics: Heat Resistance, Flame Resistance,

Chemical Resistance, Self-lubricating

Applications: Heat-resistant filter, Bearing stuff, etc.

Polyetherimide Fiber Kuraray “ULTEM fiber ”

Characteristics: Heat Resistance, Low smoke density, Dyeable

Flame-Resistance,

Applications: Protective clothing, Aircraft Interior, Furniture etc.33

High-performance Fibers (Heat Resistance)

High-Performance Fiber

Flame-retardantAnti-electric,Conductive property

Antibacterial,Odor-resistance

Ultraviolet ray blocking

Sweat-absorption and Quick-drying,Cool touch

Stretching,Cushioning property

Environment

property

(Plant-based,

Biodegradable)

Better

Gross property

Better Dyeing affinity

Ultra-microFiber

Silk-like Touch

Functionality

Appearance, Texture

Moisture absorption and heat generation,Heat storage thermal

34

5．Effort to decrease environmental

impact with de-petrochemical

raw material

35

Partly plant-based Nylon

Partly plant-based polyester

Nylon

Oil-based

Efforts Toward Petrochemical Free

Plant-based

3GT

Plant-based Polyethylene

100% Plant-based Polyester

(Source: TORAY)

Polyethylene

Polyester

36

Carbon Cycle Of Plant-Based Polyester

(Source: TORAY)

Sugar(Main products)

Sugar Cane(plants)

Sugar cane molasses

Ethylene glycol

Factory

Plant-based PET products

Consumer

Used products

Garbage

Biomass Energy

（By-products, Recyclable resources）

（Plant-based EG）

（apparel, furniture, automotive interior, etc.)

（Regenerable Heat, Electricity）

（Generation of regenerable heat and electricity)

photosynthesis

C2H6O2

Terephthalic acid

37

Crude Oil

Plants Pressed,centrifugation Recrystallization

SugarCrudeSugar(main product)

Sugar caneWorld production1.8bill ton/year

Molasses（by product)

Ethanol（plant-based EtOH

Ethylene Glycol（plant-based EG）

Partial plant-basedpolyester

（Biomass Degree: 30%）

Melt-spinning

（distillation/reforming/

isomerization/separation）

Oxidation

Terephthalic Acidp－xylene

Fermentation

Recycled resources

Process Flow of Partial Plant-Based Polyester

(Source: TORAY)

Polymerization

（source: FAOSTAT 2011）

Oil refinery

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600

500

400

300

200

100

0

2010

Plant-based PE

Partial plant-based PA,Plant-based PP, etc.

Partial plant-based PET

PLA

PBS, PHS etc. Bio-based plastic

2011 2016（estimate）

World Capacity of Bio Plastic

Non Bio-basedPlastic

(Source: European Bioplastics)39

万t/年

6．Future development

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Advanced technology Industry

Next-generation vehicles (50% of car sales in 2020 in Japan)

Aircraft industry (World market size in 2030: about 3 trillion ¥)

Space industry (World market size in 2020: about 40 trillion ¥)

Battery materials (World market size in 2015: about 1.1 trillion ¥)

Healthcare Industry

Medical devices (World market size in 2020: about 25 trillion ¥)

Regenerative medicine

(World market size in 2020: about 870 billion ¥)

New energy Industry

Wind Power, Solar Power, Storage batteries(World market size in 2020: about 200 trillion ¥)

Creative Industry Fashion, Contents, Traditional crafts, Tourism

(World market size in 2020: about 8–11 trillion ¥)

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Source: JCFA based on “Vision of Economic Society“ report.

(New Industrial Structure Committee of the Industrial Structure Council)

Future development of Advanced Fiber

Japan Europe US China

High Performance

Fibers

Material technology

◎ ○ ○ △

Processing technology

○ ◎ ◎ ×～△

Highly Functional Fibers

Material technology

◎ ○ ○ △

Processing technology

◎ ◎ ○～◎ ○

（Technology level assessment of Japan, Europe, US, China with 4 grades: ◎/○/△/×）

Japan has the world top-level material technology, so does Europe and US in processing technology.

Technology level assessment of Japan, Europe, US, China

Source: JCFA

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Direction of Japanese Chemical Fiber Industry

1. Further pursuit of technology aspect of Advanced Fiber that is the most important strength of Japan.

2. Developing the application efficiently by means of technology alliance.

3. Creation of Advanced Fiber value chain including processing stage.

Create a future through innovation by Advanced Fiber

Practical areas in which advanced fiber can innovate by making full use of its characteristics are,

Industrial application：Vehicles, Aerospace, Environment, Energy, Healthcare etc.

Apparel application：functional clothing, high-sensitivity clothing etc.

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Current Situation of the Japanese Chemical Fibers...

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