Slide 1

Credit: NASA, H. Ford(JHU), G. Illingworth(UCSC/LO), M. Clampin(STScI), G. Hartig(STScI), the ACS Science Team and ESA Structure of the Universe I I Slide 2 Credit: Watanabe Tsuyoshi Slide 3 Credit: Space Imaging Uluru 3.6 km Ayres Rock Slide 4 Credit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 12740 km Slide 5 Credit: JHU/NASA 30 Earth Earth Moon 384 400 km In scale Slide 6 Credit: Claire C Smith Earth Sun 1 4 9 6 0 0 0 0 0 k m 1 Astronomical Unit (AU) 8 light minutes Slide 7 Credit: Addison Wesley 1 AU 50 AU 6.8 light hours Slide 8 Credit: KAGAYA Kuipler Belt ~ 30-50 AU Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) Slide 9 Oort Cloud 50,000 to 100,000 AU Slide 10 Credit: Akira Fujii Milky Way Crux Cet Rigel Kentaurus Proxima Centauri 4.22 light years Slide 11 Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (SSC) The Milky Way Galaxy Slide 12 Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (SSC) The Milky Way Galaxy 100 000 light years 400 billion stars Spiral arms Slide 13 Credit: Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Slide 14 Galactic Environment in 10 light years Credit: P. C. Frisch, University of Chicago Slide 15 Credit: Linda Huff Slide 16 Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/W. Reach (SSC/Caltech) Interstellar Medium (ISM) Ions Atoms Molecules Dust grains Electromagnetic radiation Cosmic rays Magnetic fields 99% gas; 1% dust 90% H; 10% He IC 1396 Slide 17 N44 Credit: European Southern Observatory Interstellar Medium (ISM) Component Fractional Volume Temperature (K) Density (atoms/cm) State Molecular clouds< 1 %20 - 5010 3 - 10 6 hydrogen molecules Cold Neutral Medium (CNM)1-5%50 - 1001 - 10 3 neutral hydrogen atoms Warm Neutral Medium (WNM)10-20%1000 - 500010 -1 - 10neutral hydrogen atoms Warm Ionized Medium (WIM)20-50%10 3 - 10 4 0.01ionized hydrogen H II regions~10%10 4 10 2 - 10 4 ionized hydrogen Coronal gas, Hot Ionized Medium (HIM) 30-70%10 6 - 10 7 10 -4 - 10 -2 highly ionized (both hydrogen and trace metals) Slide 18 NGC1999 Credit: NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI) Nebula Slide 19 Credit: NASA, H. Ford (JHU), G. Illingworth (UCSC/LO), M.Clampin (STScI), G. Hartig (STScI), the ACS Science Team, and ESA M17 Omega Nebula Nebula Gas Dust Interstellar Clouds Slide 20 Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/E. Churchwell (University of Wisconsin-Madison) Interstellar Cloud Molecular Cloud H 2 H I Region H H II Region H + Slide 21 Credit: NASA, The Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI) Keyhole Nebula Molecular Cloud - Star Birth Slide 22 M16 Eagle Nebula Credit: NASA, ESA, and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA) H II Region - Stellar Nursery Slide 23 Credit: NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA) IC4406 Retina Nebula Planetary Nebula Slide 24 Ring Nebula Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/J. Hora (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA) Slide 25 Credit: Anglo-Australian Observatory/ Royal Observatory Edinburgh Vela Supernova Remnant Supernova Remnant Slide 26 C34 Veil Nebula (West) ( ) Credit: N.A.Sharp, REU program/NOAO/AURA/NSF Slide 27 Credit: Linda Huff Galactic Environment in 1500 light years Slide 28 Credit: National Geographic Slide 29 Credit: Axel Mellinger All Sky - Optical Slide 30 Credit: Jerry Lodriguss Milky Way Slide 31 Credit: N.A. Sharp, REU Program/NOAO/AURA/NSF M7 Ptolemy's Cluster Star Cluster Open Cluster Young stars Slide 32 The Pleiades Credit: Matthew T. Russell Slide 33 Credit: Russell Croman NGC1435 Merope Nebula Reflection Nebula Slide 34 NGC 3603 Credit: Wolfgang Brandner (JPL/IPAC), Eva K. Grebel (Univ. Washington), You-Hua Chu(UNiv,. Illonis Urbana-Champaign), NASA Slide 35 Credit: Russell Croman M13 Hercules Great Globular Cluster Globular Cluster 1,000,000 Stars Old Stars Slide 36 M80 Credit: NASA and the Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI) Slide 37 Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/S. Stolovy (SSC/Caltech) Slide 38 Credit: Farhad Yusef-Zadeh et al., VLA, NRAO Galactic Center Radio Arc Slide 39 Credit: NASA/CXC/MIT/UCLA/UMass/D.Wang, F.K.Baganoff, M.Muno Slide 40 Credit: NASA/CXC/MIT/F.K.Baganoff et al. Sagittarius A* A* 3,000,000 Solar Mass Slide 41 Credit: CXC/A. Hobart Supermassive Black Holes