8/7/2019 Cr - Cu - Ni - Sn - Pb - Sn

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Trng THPT Chn Thnh--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------St v hp cht ca stCROM V HP CHT CA CROM

I. Cu to- Cu hnh electron: 24Cr:...................................................................................................................................................

Cr2+:...................................................................................................................................................Cr3+....................................................................................................................................................

- V tr trong BTH: th, chu k: ., nhm:..II. Tnh cht ha hc

Cr c tnh kh...................................................................................................................................................................Trong hp cht Cr c th th hin s oxi ha l:. trong .............................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................................................

Fe phn ng vi:- Oxi:.......................................................................................................................................................................- Phi kim khc:........................................................................................................................................................

- HCl, H2SO4 long:................................................................................................................................................- HNO3, H2SO4 c, nng:......................................................................................................................................- H2O:......................................................................................................................................................................

Lu : Cr khng phn ng vi:................................................................................................................................................III. Hp cht ca st:

Hp cht Cr (III): Cr3+ Hp cht st (III): Fe3+

Tnh

cht hahcchung

Trong cc phn ng, Fe2+ d....... tr

thnh:=> Tnh cht ha hc c trng l:.

Trong cc phn ng, Fe3+ c thhoc

tr thnhhoc: ..=> Tnh cht ha hc c trng l:.

Cr2O3 CrO3Tnhcht

- Cr2O3 l cht..- Cr2O3 l oxit lng tnh, tc dng vi:+ Axit:......+ Kim:......

- CrO3 l cht- CrO3 l oxit axit, tc dng vi nc............- CrO3 c tinh oxi ha mnh:.....

ng

dng

...

...

.

.Cr(OH)3 Mui crom (VI)

Tnhcht

- Cr(OH)3 l cht ..- Cr(OH)3 l hiroxit lng tnh, tc dng vi:+ Axit:......+ Kim:......- Cr(OH)3va c tnh:+ ......

. ...+......

- Mui crom (VI) gm..vlmui ca axitv...+ Mui ..c mu..+ Mui ..c mu..- Mui crom (VI) c tnh.. Trong mitrng b kh v mui:......- Trong dung dch ion .v ionlun trng thi cn bng vi nhau:

..

TRC NGHIM

1. Cho bit Cr c Z=24. Cu hnh electron ca Cr3+ lA. [Ar]3d6 B. [Ar]3d5 C. [Ar]3d4 D. [Ar]3d3

2. Mui kp KCr(SO4)2.12H2O khi ha tan trong nc to dung dch mu xanh tm. Mu ca dung dch do ion no sauy gy raA. K+ B. SO42- C. Cr3+ D. K+ v Cr3+

3. Trong chui phng trnh chuyn ha. Cr-> X-> Y-> NaCrO2-> Z-> Na2Cr2O7. X,Y,Z ln lt lA. CrCl3, Cr(OH)3, Na2CrO4 B. Na2CrO4, CrCl3, Cr(OH)3C. Cr(OH)3, Na2CrO4, CrCl3 D. CrCl3, Na2CrO4, Cr(OH)3

4. S OXH c trng ca Crom lA. +2, +4, +6 B. +2, +3, +6 C. +1, +2, +4, +6 D. +3, +4, +6

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8/7/2019 Cr - Cu - Ni - Sn - Pb - Sn

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Trng THPT Chn Thnh--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------St v hp cht ca st5. Cp kim loi no sau y bn trong khng kh v nc do c mng oxit bo v

A. Fe v Al B. Fe v Cr C. Al v Cr D. Mn v Cr

6. Cho phn ng: NaCrO2+ Br2 + NaOH -> Na2CrO4 + NaBr + H2O. H s cn bng ca NaCrO2 lA. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

7. Cho cc phn ng1, M + H+ -> A + B 2, B + NaOH -> C + D3, C + O2 + H2O -> E 4, E + NaOH -> Na[M(OH)4]

M l kim loi no sau yA. Fe B. Al C. Cr D. B v C ng

8.Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch CrCl3 trong mi trng NaOH. Sn phm thu c lA. NaCrO2, NaCl, H2O B. Na2CrO4, NaClO, H2O C. Na[Cr(OH)4], NaCl, NaClO, H2O D. Na2CrO4, NaCl, H2O

9. Mt oxit ca nguyn t R c cc tnh cht sau- Tnh oxi ha rt mnh- Tan trong nc to thnh hn hp dung dch H2RO4 v H2R2O7- Tan trong dung dch km to anion RO42- c mu vng. Oxit l

A. SO3 B. CrO3 C. Cr2O3 D. Mn2O710. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng

A. Cr(OH)2 l cht rn c mu vng B. CrO l mt oxit bazoC. CrO3 l mt oxit axit D. Cr 2O3 l mt oxit bazo

11. Chn cu saiA. Cr c tnh kh mnh hn Fe B. Cr l kim loi ch to c oxit bazoC. Cr c nhng tnh cht ha hc ging Al D. Cr c nhng hp cht ging hp cht ca S

12. Trong ba oxit CrO, Cr2O3, CrO3. Th t cc oxit ch tc dng vi dung dch bazo, dung dch axit, dung dch axit vdung dch bazo ln lt lA. Cr2O3, CrO, CrO3 B. CrO3, CrO, Cr2O3 C. CrO, Cr2O3, CrO3 D. CrO3, Cr2O3, CrO

13. Trong phn ng Cr2O72- + SO32- + H+-> Cr3+ + X + H2O. X lA. SO2 B. S C. H2S D. SO42-

14. Cho phn ng K2Cr2O7 + HCl -> KCl + CrCl3 + Cl2 + H2O S phn t HCl b oxi ha lA. 3 B. 6 C. 8 D. 14

15. Chn pht biu khng ngA. Cc hp cht Cr2O3, Cr(OH)3, CrO, Cr(OH)2 u c tnh cht lng tnhB. Hp cht Cr(II) c tnh kh c trng v hp cht Cr(VI) c tnh OXH mnhC. Cc hp cht CrO, Cr(OH)2 tc dng c vi HCl v CrO3 tc dng c vi NaOHD. Thm dung dch km vo mui icromat mui ny chuyn thnh mui cromat

16. Trong cc dy cht sau y, dy no l nhng cht lng tnhA. Cr(OH)3, Fe(OH)2, Mg(OH)2 B. Cr(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, Pb(OH)2C. Cr(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, Mg(OH)2 D. Cr(OH)3, Pb(OH)2, Mg(OH)2

17. Kim loi no sau y khng tc dng vi HNO3, H2SO4 c nguiA. Al, Fe, Cu B. Al, Cr, Fe C. Cr, Ni, Zn D. Cr, Fe, Sn

18. Cng thc oxit trong crom c s oxi ha dng cao nht l g? Oxit c tnh kh hay tnh oxi ha:A. CrO3,c tnh kh v tnh oxi ha C. CrO3,tnh oxi haB. Cr2O3 , c tnh oxi ha D. Cr2O5 tnh kh ch yu

19. Cho cn bng ha hc: 2CrO42- + 2H+ Cr2O72- + H2O(1). Cn bng (1) s dch chuyn v bn no trong 3

trng hp sau:1. thm H+ 2. pha long 3. thm BaCl2 vo bit cc mui BaCrO4 t tan cn BaCr2O7 tan tt

A.1T, 2N, 3N B. 1T, 2T, 3T C. 1N, 2N, 3T D. 1N, 2T, 3N20. Hy chon cc tnh cht ng v crom:1. Cng nht trong tt c cc kim loi 2. Dn in tt nht trong cc kim loi 3. Tan trong dd HCl v dd NaOH4. Nhit nng chy cao 5. Thuc nhm kim loi nngA. 1,2,3 B. 1,2,3,4 C. 1,4,5 D. 1,3,4,5

21. Crom (III) oxit c th tc dng vi dy cht no sau y:A. HCl,NaOH,NaCl B. HCl,NaOH C. HCl,NaOH,KI D. K2CrO4, HCl,NaOH22. Nhng kt lun no di y l ng:

1. Cr(OH)2 l mt baz,Cr(OH)3 l hidroxit lng tnh ,Cr(OH)6 l mt axit2. s oxi ha ca crom trong oxit cng cao th khi lng phn t ca oxit cng ln3. s oxi ha ca crom trong oxit cng cao th tnh axit ca oxit cng ln

A. 1,2 B. 1,3 C. 2,3 D.1,2,323. Phn ng no di y khng ng:

A.Cr+2F2CrF4 B. 2Cr + 3S Cr2S3 C. 2Cr +3Cl2 CrCl3 D. 3Cr + N2 Cr3N224. Hin tng no sau y m t khng ng:A.Thm lng d dd NaOH vo dd K2Cr2O7 th dd t mu da cam chuyn sang mu vngB. Thm lng d dd NaOH v Clo vo dd CrCl 2 th dd t mu xanh chuyn sang mu vngC. Thm lng d dd NaOH vo dd CrCl3 thy kt ta mu vng nu sau tan

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Trng THPT Chn Thnh--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------St v hp cht ca stD. Thm lng d dd HCl vo dd Na {Cr(OH)4} thy xut hin kt ta lc xm sau tan

25. Gii php iu ch no sau y l khng hp l:A. Dng phn ng kh K2Cr2O7 bng than hoc lu hunh iu ch Cr2O3B. Dng phn ng ca mui Cr(II) vi dd kim d iu ch Cr(OH)2C. Dng phn ng ca mui Cr(III) vi dd kim d iu ch Cr(OH)3D. Dng phn ng ca H2SO4c vi dd K2Cr2O7 iu ch CrO3

26. Trong cc oxit ca crom theo chiu tng dn s oxi ha:A.Tnh axit gim tnh baz tng C.Tnh baz khng i tnh axit tngB.Tnh baz gim tnh axit tng D. Khng thay i tnh cht

27. Cho cn bng: 2CrO42- + 2H+ Cr2O72- + H2O (1). Khi cho BaCl2 vo dd K2Cr2O7 mu da cam th:

A. Khng c du hiu g B. C kt ta mu vng C. C kh bay ra D.Va c kt ta va c kh bay ra

28. Trong mi trng axit mui Cr+6 l cht oxi ha rt mnh. Khi Cr+6 b kh n:A.Cr+2 B.Cr C. Cr +3 D. Khng thay i

29. Nhn nh no sau y khng ng:A. Cr2O3 l mt oxit lng tnh C. Mui Cr 2O72- trong mi trng axit c mu vng camB. Mui Cr2+ c tnh oxi ha mnh D. Mui CrO42- trong mi trng OH- c mu vng

30. Mt cht mu lc X khng tan trong dd axit long v kim long .Khi nu chy vi potat n da (KOH) v c mt khngkh chuyn thnh cht Y c mu vng v d tan trong nc, cht Y tc dng vi axit to thnh cht Z c mu dacam . Cht Z b lu hunh kh thnh cht X v oxi ha axit HCl thnh clo. Cng thc phn t ca X,Y,Z ln lt l:A. Cr2O3, Na2Cr2O7, Na2CrO4B. Cr2O3, Na2CrO4,Na2Cr2O7C.. Cr2O3, K2Cr2O7, K2CrO4 D. Cr2O3, K2CrO4,K2Cr2O7

31. B mt t tinh th K2Cr2O7 vo ng nghim thm khong 1 ml nc ct lc ng nghim cho tinh th tan ht thu cdd X. Thm vi git dd KOH vo dd X thu c dd Y . Mu ca dd X v dd Y ln lt l:A. Mu vng chanh v mu nu B. Mu da cam v mu vng chanhC. Mu vng chanh v mu da cam D. Mu nu v mu vng chanh

32. So snh no di y khng ng:A. Fe(OH)2 v Cr(OH)2 u l bazow v l cht khB. Al(OH)3 v Cr)OH)3 u l cht lng tnh v va c tnh kh va c tnh oxi haC. H2SO4 v H2CrO4 u l axit c tnh oxi ha mnhD. BaSO4 v BaCrO4 u l nhng cht khng tan trong nc

33. Gii thch ng dng no sau y ca crom l khng hp l:A. Crom l kim loi cng nht c th dng ct thy tinhB. Crom l kim loi cng,chu nhit hn nn dng ch to thp cng khng g chu nhitC. Crom l kim loi nh nn s dng to cac hp kim trong ngnh hng khng

D. iu kin thng crom to c lp mng oxit mn bn chc nn crom c dng m bo v thp34. Lng clo v lng NaOH dng oxi ha hon ton 0,01 mol CrCl3 thnh CrO42- l:A.0,015 v 0,08 B.0,03 v 0,016 C.0,015 v 0,1 D. 0,03 v 0,14

35. Thi kh NH3 d qua 1 gam CrO3 t nng n phn ng hon ton thu c lng cht rn bao nhiu gam?A.0,52g B. 0,68g C. 0,76g D. 1,52g

36. iu ch c 6,72 lt kh Clo( ktc) th khi lng ca K2Cr2O7 ti thiu cn ly tc dng vi HCl c d lA. 26,4g B. 27,4g C. 28,4 g D. 29,4g

37. Lng H2O2, KOH tng ng cn oxi ha hon ton K[Cr(OH)4] thnh K2CrO4 l:A.0.0 15 mol v 0.01 mol B.0,03 v 0,04 mol C.0,015 v 0,04 mol D.0,03 v 0,01 mol

38. Khi lng kt ta S to thnh khi dng H2S kh dd cha 0,04 mol K2Cr2O7 trong H2SO4 d l bao nhiu gam:A.0,96g B.1,92g C.3,84g D. 7,68g

39. Khi lng K2Cr2O7 tc dng va vi 0,6mol FeSO4 trong H2SO4 long lA. 26,4g B. 27,4g C. 28,4 g D. 29,4g

40. Ha tan 58,4 gam hn hp mui khan AlCl3 v CrCl3 vo nc, thm d dung dch NaOH vo sau tip tc thmnc Clo ri li thm d dung dch BaCl2 th thu c 50,6 gam kt ta. Thnh phn % khi lng ca cc mui tronghn hp u lA. 45,7% AlCl3 v 54,3% CrCl3 B. 46,7% AlCl3 v 53,3% CrCl3C. A. 47,7% AlCl3 v 52,3% CrCl3 D. 48,7% AlCl3 v 51,3% CrCl3

41. Thm 0,02 mol NaOH vo dung dch cha 0,01 mol CrCl2 ri trong khng kh n khi phn ng xy ra hon tonthu c khi lng kt ta lA. 1,03 g B. 0,86 g C. 1,72 g D. 2,06 g

42. Cho t t dung dch NaOH vo dung dch cha 9,02 gam hn hp mui Al(NO3)3 v Cr(NO3)3 cho n khi kt tathu c l ln nht, tch kt ta nung n khi lng khng i thu c 2,54 gam cht rn. Khi lng ca muiCr(NO3)3 lA. 4,76 g B. 4,26 g C. 4,51 g D. 6,39g

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Trng THPT Chn Thnh--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------St v hp cht ca st43. Cho 100g hp kim Al-Cr-Fe tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH thu c 5,04 lt kh, cht rn khng tan cho tc

dng vi lng d dung dch HCl thu c 38,8 lt kh (cc kh o ktc). Phn trm khi lng Cr c trong hp kimlA. 4,05% B. 82,30% C. 13,65% D. 38,50%

44. thu c 78 g Cr t Cr2O3 bng phn ng nhit nhm ( H=100%) th khi lng nhm ti thiu lA. 12,5 g B. 27 g C. 40,5 g D. 54 g

45. Nung hn hp gm 15,2 gam Cr2O3 v m gam Al nhit cao, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 23,3gam hn h cht rn. cho ton b cht rn phn ng vi axit HCl d thy thot ra V lt kh H2 ktc. Gi tr ca V lA. 7,84 B. 4,48 C. 3,36 D. 10,08

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