Copyright © Allyn & Bacon (2012). Karen Horney Feminist neo-analytic theory Rejection of Freudian...

Karen HorneyKaren HorneyFeminist neo-analytic theory

Rejection of Freudian notion of penis envy

Envy of masculine freedoms and privileges

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Karen HorneyKaren HorneyBasic anxiety—a child’s fear of

being alone, helpless, and insecure

Styles of coping with basic anxiety◦Passive (complying)◦Aggressive (fighting)◦Withdrawn (disengaging)


Karen HorneyKaren HorneyDifferent aspects of the self

◦Real self The inner core of personality

◦Despised self Feelings of inferiority and shortcomings

◦Ideal self One’s view of perfection “Tyranny of the should”

Goal of psychoanalysis is acceptance of the Real Self


Karen HorneyKaren HorneyWhen alienated from the Real Self,

people develop neurotic coping strategies◦Moving toward

Striving to make others happy and gain love◦Moving against

Striving for power and recognition◦Moving away

Withdrawal of emotional investment


Erik EriksonErik EriksonNeoanalytic stage theoryContinues throughout lifeUnlike Freudian psychoanalytic

theory, not focused on libido and sexual gratification

Structured as a series of “ego crises” to be resolved◦Outcome of successful resolution of

each stage is an “ego skill” masteredCopyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Erik EriksonErik EriksonErikson’s Stage Theory (early

stages)Ego Crisis Ego Skill

Gained Age

Trust vs. Mistrust Hope Infancy

Autonomy vs. Shame Will Early Childhood

Initiative vs. Guilt Purpose Early to mid-childhood

Industry vs. Inferiority Competence Mid- to late childhood


Erik EriksonErik EriksonErikson’s Stage Theory (later

stages)Ego Crisis Ego

Skill Gained

Age

Identity vs. Role Confusion Loyalty Teenage years

Intimacy vs. Isolation Love Early adulthood

Generativity vs. Stagnation Caring Middle adulthood

Ego Integrity vs. Despair Wisdom Late adulthood


Timeline:Timeline: Neo-Analytic and Ego Neo-Analytic and Ego ApproachApproach

Developments in Neo-Analytic and Ego Aspects

Societal and Scientific Context

People were thought to derive their identity mostly from their position in life (woman, lord, minister)

before 1800

Humans are seen primarily in religious or philosophical terms; children often not differentiated from adults

Scholars in Europe gathered around Freud begin considering expansion of his ideas beyond libido

1880s-1900

Increasing attention to evolution and reproduction





Neo-analysts begin break with Freud; Jung proposes collective unconscious

1910-1930

Increasing technology and industrialization; anthropological discoveries

Adler and Horney shift focus to the child's social world; object relations theories develop

1910s-1940s

Victorian era with patriarchal families gives way to women's suffragist movements; child psychiatry develops





Erikson and others shift identity study to consider the full life-span

1940s-1960s

People live longer lives; traditional sex roles and work roles break down

Modern theorists focus directly on identity, in terms, life tasks, self-monitoring, self-presentation, and attachments

1960s-1980s

Increasing individual freedom and pursuit of goals; less formal social structure and increased mobility and education





Goals and motivations attract new interest

1990s-2000s

Schools, corporations, sports teams look to increase performance


Neo-Analytic and Ego Neo-Analytic and Ego ApproachApproachAnalogy

◦Humans are conscious actors and strivers


Neo-Analytic and Ego Neo-Analytic and Ego ApproachApproachAdvantages

◦Importance of the goal-oriented nature of humans

◦Acknowledges impact of society and culture

◦Development continues throughout the life cycle

◦Emphasizes the self as it struggles to cope with emotions on the inside and the demands of the world on the outside


Neo-Analytic and Ego Neo-Analytic and Ego ApproachApproachLimits

◦Unconcerned with biology and fixed personality structures

◦A hodgepodge of different ideas from different traditions

◦Relies on abstract or vague concepts


Neo-Analytic and Ego Neo-Analytic and Ego ApproachApproachView of free will

◦Though personality is largely determined by unconscious forces, individuals do have the ability to overcome these


Neo-Analytic and Ego Neo-Analytic and Ego ApproachApproachCommon assessment techniques

◦Varies from free association to situational and autobiographical study, with an emphasis on self-concept


Neo-Analytic and Ego Neo-Analytic and Ego ApproachApproach

Implications for therapy

◦As with psychoanalytic therapy, insight into inner motives is key

◦But because the ego is central, there is less concern with unconscious motivation


Copyright © Allyn & Bacon (2012). Karen Horney Feminist neo-analytic theory Rejection of Freudian...

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