CoNAGUA_Fundamentos de Percepcion Remota [2005]
Transcript of CoNAGUA_Fundamentos de Percepcion Remota [2005]
-
!"#$%&'"(')* !+#,$'
-../
-
!" #$%#$&
"'($$#$ )$
$#$#$"#
#*$$" ()
!!
"
+#$#$#%
&&
,&'&'&'&(&(
-&)&)&)&*
&+&+&%
./0. )$# # ,-
.+
/"
,
01
.2
.&&&(
-
'
)$#*
,-
/"
/"
/",
/"
/"3
,!4&)
2
,
56!
/"
/" /"
5/" .
1
,
,!
!
12
1)
1)"1!
1)#
1)#"1!
1
1"1!
1#
7 1.8
9:
7 &
7 &0
7
7 0;1&
3!
+ !
5
''(%'(')')'*
,/1 17/
019?>7/
.1/
,,-@/7/
11@/7/
-,-&
3, 912/
(%)#))')()+*#
-
*
4/
/( 5 "
/( .!
/( ,!.1
/( 1"
#%
&$
&$
&%
./0./( -/"A
/( 3
/( /" "B1"
/( +C)
/( 5C)"1!
/( C)#
/( C)#"1!
/( .C#
/( ,C#"1!
/( 1C##
+'#''+'$'$'%'%(#(&
,/1/( 1"AD&B&>###>###
/( -1
*&*
-
+
-
$
.A8A*##E>! ! > ""EA" 1>DA 6>6!6>5A8A!6!151D&%'#!-.!2!!--"!>
F6FD&%*#
81>>
86!65 1>!&."D>>D!
1A"D .D>"116. ;1 " "D 8 5 !4 56-A"D. ""D >"!?">
" C
! B > C 1?C>D!-5! !-.65"5!1!5!>
- !> 5 ! ;> !-
-
%
" 5 A "> !- " !D>1>16
.5" 45 1 6 855> !" > !-> "> > > > 1 G"1" 1 !- 5111 1 "1.8"1>B
>16! 1 !> > 5 -->5-1!>
>1!-1>1 > 5 !
D-" 15 -"-! D6!5>> !!81C1 8
A
-
!!6;5"18>15 !6!> ! " ! 6> 5 " 84 " D>5>!16-16-!=66! " D ! 6! " A D !!15!! ;
-
&&
!6 " C>4"
> 861>"""1. > !6
" !11 > &%*# " 8 ! !- >A&%(*" !"E>!-A9?1C !- " A 6
&%*&B21>1%>>8C!C;H1">?18D>10!>8&%$* A- / ;1 I/" /?(1/?)>!>""C"!1" D 7/ ;7/ A!3->!- A
! "
-
&
%$# $ ! 6 $ 7 ! 6 "$ $! 6 $"
8"D.!"! " !"!5!6!.#!$"
* $## )$#8 #$*$$*$"
#$%&
'$&
$(&
)
.?2.?2/7/
&$#C&$#&$#C&$#*#C*#
'###C'###
$#'##
?)###
&*&**#)
)+()
-
&'
%=!8!;!!-!$";$J)*
" "" 4 " " " 1 D . 66!"1!6!";8> 1D>$">("(J&* +++&*"D 6
!G > "
5 "D6! 2 !5 A"D>D!-DD "5D!-D"5!-! "6!!"D65E5!"!"D>
-"D1!- ! ; " 1!
-
&(
61 " > E- !>5 -CG 6!8 . 6 A
"D1""!
.>41A"5>1!6G?!".4>A18"516A"D E
85"?>!A"!>! !?!8"4 51!>>46C !!>>1)* -C>>#))
-
&)
'*. "D > "7!A>5""C1 8" A D! > > 1 > 1".A8
!> 1 "D " 6! D>18"+C"6"D"B
1
&!. ! E> " "D> 1 -ED=D'. 1 !A"D"D.ED1"D""6!"D7"= 8 "D1! ;
-
&*
&!!. 6! 1 . " E 1D "D" E> ! >
1""D".A"!
! . A" ! 2"
-
&+
D! ! ! !
C1!1"D1!!>5!A8"D!6. ! 5 ! 6 6 '## 1 (## ;?'
-
&$
6
257
-
&%
' !. " 6 " 1 ! > 5- 1 ."
>58! > 1 5 5 !! 5 " " . "3!'
.
-
#
.
/0
-
&
#(.CE&$)%>"!- !" > " !6 >"!81 &%(#> " ! D 6 > -
8;-D&%*#>!->61> 21" C
1>741" >"C;&%*%7>1 C !- 1 &%+> >8;AA!1.'+ " !
D&%+>>
" >.!8&%+)1&%+$?&%$(>A16->">6!"1" 581"8>C!C1
. >->"6"A>>!;%%&"%&+@"'55 &(" &$->1A;%B'#1B'#.(1)-1-". %&++#)HD"&*->>"-">%$%;,8" &%%% 2Q ;A A2
-
" D>.)> E"6&)"D-!111"*#"DA&B)###>6!C().".+C$&R7A$&R1
! !" = " .+ 8 C%%>&( -1"!"&*-D.+A!5 "! -/5- .+!5.);&*- 2 ;A 2>'>(>)1+
-
'
#6#(5+38$+3&
59: 9++38
0& #()#)M0 #)#*#M0' #*'#*%M0( #+*#%#M0) &))&+)M0* (#&)#M
0+ #$')M'#S'# ??????????????????
;
-
(
95+3 25! "1D>
6""4!.>.(>.)1.+
19 #: * $#$# )$# #
0 !
,-1
2&
2
2'
2(
2)
2*
2+
#()?#)9"8?
#)?#*#9"
#*'?#*%9"D
#+*?#%#D
&))?&+)D
(?&)D
#$?')D
'#
'#
'#
'#
'#
'#
0- ! "8> 1 !> 1-> 1 ! !>>"-!"" 1
>>" ! 1 1 !! !> "1 !1 >"1 >65!U A >
C>
-
)
-
*
5+399'959)',9#: 59+''9 ,!-> , > "> =">> 3-> !-> C1>!-,
./9;W# 6 ;9?""D*#@!1". " ;( 1 )> D > 6! . "N -#+)A#)#
-
+
#(.'555!5!")56,"">>A1-!.D>";%$!" *--XB$'@XB%$!;" "5."">">"-.
/( -;% 44 ;'*%
-
$
;4&(Q)N* - " 18"81.6!9; "
-
%
.!46>!16!A*/!0!1. !4 6>! 1 6! A )6;D > - " !56 , 5 6! 6 ."5
"!4.6!66
#8'7"8"."2"67:' #+'
5#+'39*:>+#+939?
@A5'9:*#+'95
) 60&B 0BD0'BD0(BD;2)1)#
#>($?#>+&M#>)#?#>)%M#>*&?#>*$M#>+$?#>$%M&>)$?&>+)M
( 20&B 0BD0'BD0(BD;2*&?#>*$M#>)#?#>)%M#>*&?#>*$M#>+$?#>$%M&>)$?&>+)M
'&
60&B 0BD0'BD
###
#>)#?#>+'M#>)#?#>)%M#>*&?#>*$M#>+$?#>$%M
-
'#
%;?
9!"(;9!&(+MD!"(#1"5D"!"!"1 41)>%#";!"##
-
'&
" 8 D 5 &)> 1 ;D .6 6! - > ? !
-
'
9. " ! ! " 1" . "!"!." " " 5 %## H " - B>!" + *-"()R>!" && ">&)+ E>5>(- 5"6C(-1-&-." B%)\" (3!, " )> 8 - A 1A 6 ; 1 ! 6 ;" 6! " #R
-
''
!4. 5 ! " ! 6!8>", " 5 ->8',. "
!"">B& ";1 >
! "
-
'(
#
3$#"$$$ $*
9'93+' +8 +. +2"67B 5C
(21## (28&%%$ B*NWN&%%'!BNN&%%#BNN&%$*
5C ( ( N',D )E )E 'E =
A'# A'# A'#
9
$@ $@ $@
%$+T %$+T %$+T
,
+(@N! +(@N! +(@N!
C 1 !E ; #" &';,2 > # "; &' ,2> 6
-
')
#"$$ $#9'93+' +8 +. +"672
9 9) 7'
6 )>5!)' 2 & D #
&2' 2 #& D #
&6' 2 #
B#($Y#+&M0& ;
-
'*
5#"$#$$#*9'93+' +8 +. +"672
- !8
,
,
9
,
9
)7'
& 6 ;)!8 5 ! )' & D #
&2 ' 2 #&D#
& 6 ' #
B#(%Y#*%M
B#($Y#+&M0& ;
-
'+
'7'768.) ),6! > 6 ) 1 "5!)6!)#>)566! . ! " " !'")>!-!6
/( +C $$#$ .-"
'768)7:. ) " 1 ! ) , !)6!6)> 56 -.!"! 6 )> !- 6! ) . "6)6#($1#+&M
-
'$
/( 5C $$#$ .-"% :$(
'78-.)# ),6!>56>
6)#1".!""!'")#>!-!6
/( C $$#$ -"
'78-7.)#"1! ),65 8 " 8 " "!>EC )#."66#($1#+&M
-
'%
/( C $$#$ -"% :$(
'7-. () .> 6! > 569>1 # 6!> 6>">! 6.!""!>(" 8> > 5 8 " 8 6 " >(."0&>010'5
G"25#.5!
/( .C $$#$ "
-
(#
'7-7."1! &(," 8" "
!>EC " 67 2> " 8"6>
#)#1#+'M .> " K " 0 #*&1#*$M11A!-&>1'>"K6L/9:> D
/( ,C $$#$ "% :$(
'76-. # & ( , 5 8 " 8 6 "&>1'>"(>EC #"672>!"B0&; B#)#Y#)%M0;DB#*&Y#*$M0';DB#+$Y#$%M
-
(&
.>!"0&>010'5&>1'>6"B0(2;DB&)$Y&+)M>)1)K"1!L1>" *#@
/( 1C $$#$ ."
-
(
:7C. 6! 6 " !>!B+5 0'6!1 !1656'
-
('
*+5
)# . D" 688 6 ! C 5 8: ! 6> > !618!!B2;! 1 :) &0 & ;! 6> 1>&(>D5')#1)D5)#.D" 688 6! 5 !6!;>6!1 1 6 > 6 >!
-
((
:69 >1!66;=2>P$(81 !!6&>>'1(>"
G)>82&@.!""!1!1!66=2P$(""6! ; >> C> " 1!6&$>8 &0>>
&(>D5')#1)D5)#86!5 !!61>16! C-8>! " !!6 " 1!6B >6!:6)$& 0 K!LB1!6 1 1 ; " ! !6>>""6
8>>!'#>8 " >1
!!!!6;!!8'#aS'#a>&)aS&)a>
-
()
+a'#S+a'# ! D" >!82;! K?> " 5"!;> > 1!6>1>!7;!67>31
!!!!6 ;!!8'#aS'#>&)aS&)>+a'#S+a'#
-
(*
99(!-1A1-"> 1".6!A " B !-> > !1A>> !"D >!"1++>1 1 .6! 6 1 >A!18#(7#, #(7#> !
! !6 ;D 5 &B#>###
-
(+
,
/
-
($
:99.7/A;7/ ! "!1" 8> 8 " !>*;1/ 56 ! 8 8 " > ; "!/ " C"!/; ?/" D ! ; 6 C6 1 AA5 C >61>5-!! . 7/ " " A- ; " 6!CA
-
(%
G- 1C&&-#(5">6"!1>9; 91!A5
""8 ">DC> 1 ! ! -B
&>&H" ) " ; "> D 1 ' D(R ,B,&B#>)$?#>*$MG,B#>+?&>##MG,'B&>)$?&>*(MSG,'0B'>))?'>%'MG,(B>'?&&>'MG,)B&&>)?&>)M
S'A7/?&)>1A1'0,6"9C'###H>-"6!"86"
7/."!6! G D -B ! >"(;D; ))?'>%'M>'?&&>'M&&>)?&>)M
-
)#
0>1
#)79,=''F6":99
)9: 9 '9:*#+'95
'5G#H: #9'9#+'@+#9I95#9#:
,&,,',(,)
#)$?#*$M.8 "#+)?&MD D'))?'%'MD'?&&'MD&&)?&)MD
&&@&&@&&@&&@&&@
7"?,!- !>A1 !-"A!-"A!-"A
G=9B
c8 !;79A
"B79>1! 6B"> !!B!-!> !B >>> -B > !> "8 !> !>!
6B>">
-
)&
**!-8&"&%*#I+#>"7/;7/A=A! ! "> +)T ! ;/$1&')T!./"6!"165E, ".6! ";9 !>1.> " 1 !" A> "6!9 ! 6 >!-1!>!9-!>6"5>65"""!,D."64!6" ?&) .6!."!>6"5"FF!5 "5- C6"!, !. 6! ! ;P 9> P9
-
)
" " 7/ 8 21 ; 91 !A?> 9&>H 1 "! ">D D ; "'&>"
-
)'
%:* @/7/ 5 " 6!&;@/7/!K!L"6####@16!&-1- @/7/ " %$ *$# @ 8 > "! C B'# A ."" D6"D1!>"&(
#2#(%:9+>5+ #9'9#+'@+#9
3A8.!89"""! "0!6
(N#%N%%9"!30>,N==*$&H%$&R+HN%$66!&'-6B & ; *R
-
)(
#.'7"%:
:' #+'5#+'39*:>+#
+939? @A5
'9:*#+'95
@/7/
6
89D
DC
(#(#(#(#
#()Y#%#M#()Y#)M#)Y#*#M#*'Y#*%M#+*Y#%#M
@/7/ 6! @/7/>16!B
6 & " ! ! 5E&
,2( " !!5E(> " ";8> >D2>@d!>
-
))
%9(5((6! , > 1"665. "1!- 1 ? 6! 1 ! 16!9
!-B 1 4A 2"B6 !" "B > 1 - - 8
="-B "-11E!
!B!!?
-
)*
'*;",> 17C$##@"1;?" .!16">>" D 5 .-E!!
! >5 37/>5 $1" )#H>A P>5#")##H. E> !8 5 >18 A 2->!> ,!-> !-> /!-> 2> 2">>2!->>>1!1
6338">556!6 - 1 ( )-> 6C.#'.>! 6!5 " >5".J9> "! 6!>"!CA61-! 6!" A>!">!
-
)+
"86! >> !>!->> " 5 - #>+ > $;C6>5 1 ' :#3 5 ;DB -> 1N >>6!A8>">1
#8#('
3 5=9K
'5G#: #)'+G'9:3:95 39*:
3 $2 )#C)#@
6 )2 #C#@
0A '#2 &)#C&)#@
?! )#2 '##C'##@
?A #2 )##C)##@
C?!A )2 +)C+)@
CY.: ')2 &+#C&+#@
-
)$
=!!-
!- D ! !- D 1!->!15 6 A 6!" " 8 4 " 1 ! 5 A1 !> C ! ! ! !!"5DE">8"1"! D " C .
C 6 ! >C 1 " !> " "
!!1!89%!.:=8 > - 6 !!CA6>"! C!8" 5 "54#EA6"5C! 856 > !
"6A"->"A87"6-6;.&'- >C+" >!D###;8&$" &%%%7 "?&E!DA"5 8. !!6->5 !! &%%+?&1A"-E2 ,!-6;2!2>225866AA
-
)%
6 ?> 5 6 8 ## , > 5 86 8 1 8>6A8>1"6!#'>15?&
-
*#
3 *2/;2!!!26! > A" )#>##59
#L#9,=''73 ,,, 9 2/
&@ &@G)#" ," &%$%A ###A9! 79;S 71!-=72"!>!1A,/70/.1 !6,/70/6"4". , &$+! > ->"1G!8>>-6! 9 ; 91!A 7/;7/A
-
*&
> A D 1 5G E "!5A>" C > 1 = 21 " !1D51A,/70/6!1 >5""1>!C185!6!> " ,/70/G6!97/1>5" ##& > 6! 2/ ?&> 566C1"8 =1'3J"
-
*
L3 .6--8
'7.6!2/
)#;"