Computer Hardwares (1)
Transcript of Computer Hardwares (1)
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GROUP # 1
Mishal Rubab 208
Kanwal Ashraf 207
Muhammad Mumtaz 215
Qurat ul Ain 221
Talha Ali Ansari 218
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MISHAL RUBAB
208
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TOPIC
Computer Hardware
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COMPUTER
An automatic electronic device that gets input processes
it and produces output.
Collects data(input)
Processing
Give Output
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COMPUTER H ARDWARE
Computer hardware means the physical (internal andexternal) component of a computer and the digital circuitsand computer chips inside the computer.
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H ARDWARE COMPONENTS
Input Unit
Output Unit
Memory
Secondary Storage Unit
Control Unit
ALU
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H ARDWARE COMPONENTS (CONT·D)
Input Unit
Units from which data enter the computer.
Output Unit
Units which give user the Inf ormation.
Memory
Unit which store data f or the use of computer.
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H ARDWARE COMPONENTS (CONT·D)
Secondary Storage Unit
Other storage units used in the computer f or
permanent storage.
ALU
Unit which perf orms calculation and comparisons.
Control Unit
Which control all the activities of computer.
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COMPUTER HARDWARE MANUFA CTURES
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K ANWAL A SHRAF
207
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COMPUTER H ARDWARE
Motherboard
Motherboard is known as the main board,
system board ,the logic board of the computer.
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COMPUTER H ARDWARE
MOTHERBOARD
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COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER H ARDWARE
Central Processing Unit also called ´The Chipµ,
a CPU, a processor, or a microprocessor.
An electronic circuit which executes computer
programs, containing a processing unit and a
control unit
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PROCESSORS
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MEMORY (RAM)
RAM or Random A ccess Memory ´Waiting roomµ f or computer·s CPU.
Holds instructions f or processing data, processed
data, and raw data.
Ram is measured by:y Capacity (in Megabytes or Gigabytes)
y Speed (in Nanoseconds)
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MEMORY (RAM)
Amount of RAM installed will determine.
yWhich software applications will run
(efficiently)?yHow many software applications can be open
simultaneously (multitasking ability)?
RAM upgrades are cost-effective and easy to
install.
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MUHAMMAD MUMTAZ
215
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INPUT DEVICES
Input is data put into a computer. Input can be
supplied from a variety of sources:
y
A person
y A storage device on computer
y Another computer
y Another piece of equipment, such as a musical
instruments.
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INPUT DEVICES
Primary input device:
y Keyboard - M
ost c
omm
on input device; used t
o type in commands and data.
y Mouse or trackball enhances user·s ability to
input commands, manipulate text, images.
y Joystick useful in education as an adaptive or
assistive input device.
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INPUT DEVICES
Scanners are peripheral input devices which
allow users to import:
y Texty Graphics
y Images
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INPUT DEVICES
Digital Cameras are peripheral input devices that
allow users to create pictures and/or movies in a
digital f ormat.
.
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INPUT DEVICES
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OUTPUT DEVICES
Monitors are the most commonly used output
device.
Most monitors use a bitmap display.
y Allows user to resize the display.
y Divides the screen into a matrix of tiny square
´dotsµ called pixels.
y The more ´dotsµ a screen can display, the higher
the resolution of the monitor.
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OUTPUT DEVICES
Monitors are connected to a computer system via
a port integrated on the video adapter or
graphics card.
Graphics cards convert digital data output from
software to analog data f or display on monitors.
Typically have additional memory chips on card,
4MB to 64MB.
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OUTPUT DEVICES
Printers
Dot matrix
y
Seldom used in a classroom.y Still frequently used in business.
Bubble or ink jet
Laser
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OUTPUT DEVICES
Speakers is also an output device it is used to
take the take from the computer.
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OUTPUT DEVICES
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QURAT UL AIN
221
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STORAGE TECHNOLOGY
Electronic devices that store, retrieve, and save
instructions and data.
Today·s microcomputers or PCs include several
types of storage devices.
Capacity and speed are important considerations
when selecting a new storage device f or a PC.
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STORAGE TECHNOLOGY
Magnetic storage devices storedata by magnetizing particles on adisk or tape. They have a limitedlife-span of 1 to 5 years, dependingon the device.
Optical storage devices storedata as light and dark spots on thedisk surface. They have anunlimited life-span.
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STORAGE DEVICES
Hard Disk Drives
Capacity is measured in gigabytes (GB or billions
of bytes).
Typically permanently installed.
Used to store operating system, application
software, utilities and data.
Magnetic storage device.
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STORAGE DEVICES
Floppy Disk Drives
Capacity is 1.44 to 2.0 megabytes
(MB or millions of bytes).
y Storage device with the smallest
capacity
y
Most portable storage media
Magnetic storage device.
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STORAGE DEVICES
CD-ROM Drives
Typically installed on all new computer systems.
(Were add-on device until the mid 1990·s).
Capacity is 600 to 750 megabytes
Most mass-produced commercial software is
packaged on a CD.
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STORAGE DEVICES
CD-ROM Drives
Used more often now f or backup storage as CD-
RW (read/write) technology has become less
expensive.
Data is read from CD by a laser.
Optical storage device.
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STORAGE DEVICES
Other Types of Drives
Zip Drives ² Several different capacities are
available.
Tape Drives ² Generally used f or system
backups, becoming less common.
DVD drives ² Can also read CDs, now more
common as a standard device on new computer
systems.
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STORAGE DEVICES
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T ALHA A LI A NSARI
218
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RESEARCH WORK
Examination Branch of Islamia University of
Bahawalpur
Interview FromMr. Talib Hussain (Assistant Controller
Examination)
Mr. Muzamil (Master in computer Science) and
Mr. Nauman Mazhar (Bachelor of ComputerScience) on the topic Computer Hardware.
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FINDINGS
Examination Branch is using Network base
System. For that they are using switches to connect the
computers.
They are using Computer Systems having the
f ollowing specificati
ons
y Core 2 Duo Processors.
y Motherboard are Intel.
y Hard Drive of about 320 GB .
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FINDINGS (COND·T)
y RAM they are using is 2GB.
y DDR and DDR2 RAM is in use.
y IBM Keyboards and Mouse are in use.
y CRT and LCD monitors are in use.
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FINDINGS (COND·T)
It is a office place so no speakers are used in
Examination Branch.
Heavy Duty printers are in used.
y
As their work is very much f
or the printing
of ResultCards they are using Copier (Ricoh MP2000, Canon
iR2520, HP Laser Jet M1120) as a Network printer.
Fast speed Batch Scanner (Canon 4010RC) is
used in the office.
Using UPS f or the back up of saving data in caseof power failure
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RECOMMENDATION
Campus Management Solution (CMS) is
needed to be adopted by Islamia University of Bahawalpur as directed by HEC.
Manual work need to be changed into Computer
automation.
We have visited the different departmentsof examination Branch and f ound that they working
more manually than computer orientated.
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CONCLUSION
It is concluded that computer play an important
role in every aspect of life and business.Computer hard wear is need to be up-to-date f or
better perf ormance.
If you have a updated system it will work
efficiently, effectively and also
save time .
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Controller Examination
Ashraf Javed Rana
Contact: 9250241 | 9250243 |
Email: [email protected] |
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A NY QUESTIONS
WE WILL ANSWER