Comprehensive Overview of the Geoweb
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Introduction to the GeowebGregory L. GuntherUniversity of Colorado at Denver
Comprehensive Overview of the Geoweb
Introduction to the GeowebGregory L. GuntherUniversity of Colorado at Denver
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What Do You Think? “spatially enabled and access over the internet” “complete integration and use of location at all
levels of the Internet and the Web” Before this course: “simply as interactive maps
published on the internet, through platforms such as ArcIMS or simple web enabled flash maps”
“digital representation of the real world” “internet technologies to get and share
geospatial information” “massive community of applications” “kids would use to learn geography”
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(Jones, 2009)
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STANDARDS
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REST
GeoRSS
Flex
AJAX
KML
WMS JavaScript
JSONDesign
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?
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“An ecosystem is a natural unit consisting of all plants, animals and micro-organisms (biotic factors) in an area functioning together with all of the physical (abiotic) factors of the environment. Ecosystems can be permanent or temporary. An ecosystem is a unit of interdependent organisms which share the same habitat. Ecosystems usually form a number of food webs…”
(Ecosystem, 2009)
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(Public display of this image is not permissible.)
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Consumers
Consumers/Developers
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Evolution of the Geoweb
1995
2000
2004-2005
Present
Distributed GIS
Geoweb
Online Maps
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Distributed GIS Geoweb
Higher LowerData Accuracy and Integrity/Capabilities
User Technical LevelHigher Lower
Web 2.0 Patterns
System Design/UsabilityLower Higher
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(Understanding Hype Cycles, 2009)
Gartner’s Hype Cycle
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Geoweb: Platform For Data Sharing
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Spatial Data Infrastructure
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Barriers To Data Sharing: At Least the SDI Approach “Geodata.gov is the worst example of
data sharing available” “Finding stuff with a map is the way to
go” “Time to kill metadata” “Information for the casual user” “Geoportals don’t work because they
are created by experts for experts” “Comes down to GeoZen” “Metadata should be machine created”
(Fee, 2009)
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ho
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Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)Web Mapping Service (WMS)Web Feature Service (WFS)Catalogue Services Interface (CAT)Geographic Markup Language (GML)
Keyhole Markup Language
Metadata standards ISO 19115Content Standard for Digital Geospatial
Metadata (CSDGM), Vers. 2Dublin Core
W3CWeb Service Standards (SOAP)
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(Scharl, et. al 2007)
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“Since internet users now have a myriad of choices in where they go for information, we as professionals should be designing highly usable systems that give users relevant information…and give it to them right now. If we don’t, they’ll simply go somewhere else.”
(Noyle, 2009)
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Usability and the Geoweb
Lesson 1: Hide ComplexityLesson 2: Provide FeedbackLesson 3: Protect Users FromThemselvesLesson 4: Performance
(Noyle, 2009)
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Usability
Most PeopleComfortable w/ Complexity
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REST
GeoRSS
Flex
AJAX
KML
WMS JavaScript
JSONDesign
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Turner’s Characterization of Geoweb formats Shapefiles Microformats (geo) (XML) GeoRSS (XML) KML (XML) GeoJSON GML Others (GeoPDF, JPEG2000) Service Standards (Interfaces)
WMS, WFS, SOAP, OpenSearch-Geo, RESTful style (Turner, 2009)
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Formats as RepresentationResources
(Map)
KML GeoRSS
GeoJSON
JPEG2000
GMLJPEG2000
Representations of a resource
SOAPWMS
WFSHTTP Goodness (RESTful)
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“GeoRSS, KML, and GeoJSON are the itching powder, squirting ink pen, and dribble cup of geodata formats.”– Sean Gillies
(Turner, 2009)
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Common Web 2.0 Patterns Influencing the Geoweb Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Software as a Service (SaaS) Participation-Collaboration Asynchronous Particle Update Mashup Rich User Experience Collaborative Tagging Structured Information
Formulated By Real Examples….
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SOA Debate for the GeowebREST SOAP “Is the web” Bottom up approach Organic Stateless, cacheable,
layered, linked URI based resources Multiple formats (not just
xml) Bookmarkable
Portable
Performance Simple
“SOAP You Can Trust” It has been around and
has been used Standards oriented It works Top down approach Contract oriented Complex Robust Secure
(Noyle and Painter, 2009)
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REST
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•Not new=Distributed GIS •What GIS has been waiting for all along•None of the above
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Geoprocessing Services
Map Service
s
Data Storag
eService
s
Search and
Sharing Services
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(Jones, 2009)
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Runtimes/Sandboxes
Sovereign Usage
Desktop Like
ESRI Flex and SL APIS
Higher Expectations
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GeoRSS Feed From USGS
JSON Map ServiceArcGIS Server
JSON Map ServiceArcGIS Online
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Top Down Vs. Bottom Up
Standards vs. GrassrootsGML vs. RSSREST vs. SOAP
MetadataSpatial Data Infrastructures vs. RESTful
discovery Adaptability vs. Stability
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GIS Based Web or Web Based GIS
Web Dudes and Dudettes
GIS Dudes and Dudettes
Convergence: Don’t see things the same way
•WMS vs Generic Web Services•Geoweb Neighborhood Guy
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Possible Solution
B2C (Adaptable, Consumer, Oriented)
B2B (SOAP, Complexity, GML) Geoweb = B2B + B2C
Where: (B2b = SOAP + GML) and (B2C = REST + KML)
(Painter, 2009)
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“An ecosystem is a natural unit consisting of all plants, animals and micro-organisms (biotic factors) in an area functioning together with all of the physical (abiotic) factors of the environment. Ecosystems can be permanent or temporary. An ecosystem is a unit of interdependent organisms which share the same habitat. Ecosystems usually form a number of food webs…”
(Ecosystem, 2009)
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Geoweb as an Ecosystem
Unit: Geoweb Biotic Factors: People
Users, Participants Perceptions (top-down vs bottom-up) Change Usability
Abiotic Factors: Architectures, standards, formats, specifications,
development platforms Relationships Permanent of temporary Interdependence Food webs
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Future
Semantic Web (Web 3.0) Sensor Networks
Now: Environmental Modeling, Battlefield surveillance
Future: Facilities management (where is that computer in a particular building)
(Moreno, 2009)
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References Cited
Ecosystem. (2009, August 26). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 17:10, August 26, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ecosystem&oldid=310197121
ESRI. (2007). Geospatial Service Oriented Architectures. ESRI Whitepaper. http://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/geospatial-soa.pdf
ESRI. (2003). Implementing a Metadata Catalog Portal in a GIS Network http://downloads2.esri.com/support/whitepapers/ao_/Implementing_a_Metadata_Catalog_Portal_in_a_GIS_Network.pdf
Fee, James. (2009). Barriers to Data Sharing. WhereCamp5280. July 2009. Retrieved August, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCeKI_7sRJ8
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References Cited Jones, Michael, T. (2009). Michael T. Jones – Geoweb
Conference-July 20, 2009. Retrieved August, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCeKI_7sRJ8
Moreno, Rafael. (2009). The Geospatial Semantic Web: What are its Implications for Geospatial Information Users. Unpublished.
Noyle, Brian. Usability and the Geoweb. Weblog entry. GIS and .Net Development. August 2009. http://briannoyle.wordpress.com/2009/07/03/useability-and-the-geoweb-part-1-of/
Noyle, Brian, Painter, Ian. (2009). GeoWeb Architecture Panel. Retrieved September, 2009, from http://www.ustream.tv/recorded/1898360
“Ian Painter" (http://www.snowflakesoftware.com/ ). " I did a Top Down talk..." [Weblog comment.] N.d. Top Down vs. Bottom Up at GeoWeb 2009. Sean Gorman. Off the Map. July 2009. http://blog.fortiusone.com/2009/08/07/top-down-vs-bottom-up-at-geoweb-2009/
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References Cited
Scharl, A. and Tochtermann, K. (2007). The Geospatial Web: How Geobrowsers, Social Software and Web 2.0 are Shaping the Network Society. London, England: Spring Science.
Treves, Richard. (2009). AGU Scientists Tech Talks – Geoweb Usability [Video]? Retrieved August, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=levgAXgxYw0
Turner, Andrew. Geoweb Standards: Five Part Series. Weblog entry. High Earth Orbit. August 2009. http://highearthorbit.com/geoweb-standards-intro/
Understanding Hype Cycles. Hype Cycles. 26 August 2009. 26 August 2009 http://www.gartner.com/pages/story.php.id.8795.s.8.jsp.