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Urban Network of Quick Charge Stations for Electric Vehicles — Concept of Development
Moscow 2012Mosgortrans ZAO NPP Energia
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Mosgortrans
ENERGIAResearch and production company
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Charging stations
Maintenance
Introduction Main components
The implementation of the pilot project "Transport Innovations" provides, besides of designing and bringing into service new types of battery-driven transport means, also development of approaches aimed to establish infrastructure for the urban inno-vative transport.
This document presents organizational variants and engineering solutions offered for integration of innovative transport opera-tion technologies into existing structure of Moscow transport.
The operation of electric vehicle within the city provides for suffi-cient number of available charging stations. Considerably large avail-able power facilities and available places for the stations are required to build such a network.
At the initial stage of electric vehi-cles infrastructure development, it will be important to ensure qualified maintenance and prompt emergency repair service.
Mosgortrans
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
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Mosgortrans
It is necessary to take into account prospective growth of the electric vehicles sector and consider beforehand the increasing power of the charging stations.
Key aspects of charging stations for private and public electric transport
Private electric cars
– Availability of charging stations
– Charging time
– Cost
– User-friendliness
Public transport
– Power of charging stations
– Charging time
– Standartisation
Charging the electric vehicles Charging stations
Domestic network
Slow charging
Quick charging
Mosgortrans
bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140
Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09
www.mosgortrans.ru
ENERGIAcompanyResearch and production
Quick charging time shortened down to 30 minutes will allow efficient use of "point-type" charging terminals featured by minimum footprint and maximum throughput, and contrariwise, "slow" charging stations with time of charge 5–10 hours do not require big peak power for their operation and are more suitable for placement on vehicle parking sites.
Shorter time of charging allows improving the efficiency of the charging station system through shorter waiting time until charging is complete, reduced points of connection and, as a consequence, decreased total area required for construction of charging terminals.
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
6 7Slow charging
– Lower cost per charging point
– Lower peak power
– Increased number of points
– Longer charging process
– Only in places of long-term parking
Quick charging
– Higher cost
– Higher peak power
– Reduced number of points due to higher throughput – Installation in places of short- term parking – Decreased footprint
Comparison of charging systems
Charging time Peak power
Quick charging 10 to 30 minutes 55 kW
Slow charging 3 to 14 hours 3 to 10 kW
Efficient use of reserve power on traction substations
The use of the existing traction substations network as location sites for charging points solves the issues related to
Availability of necessary power reserves, distribution over entire city area, existing maintenance service with personnel, as well as placement near main passenger transport routes are the key factors that determine development strategy for quick charging stations urban network for the electric vehi-cles.
Mosgortrans
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
allocation of big power for establishment of the charge facili-ties.
8 9Near 200 traction substations distributed over entire Moscow enable to create efficient network of quick charging points.
Traction substation Contact traction network
Charging unit
Charging terminal
Distributed network of stations
Block diagram of the system
The traction substation is equipped with the charging unit connected to existing power supply system for trolley-buses (tramways) and with the terminal designed for quick charging ofelectric cars and buses.
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
Mosgortrans
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Equipment for use of reserve power on traction substations
Functional diagram of charging system
Modular design of the charging system ensures necessary maximum power.
Integration of charging unit into traction substation
+600V busbar
-600V busbar
Rectifier
±600V switchgear
Charging unit
Charging terminal
Contact network
Control of protection panelCharging terminal
-600V
+600V
Control of inverter
Inverter No.1 Inverter No.2 Inverter No.2Control module
Traction voltage 600VDC can serve as traction substa-tion reserve power. Availability of necessary surplus power makes it possible to establish quick charge points without increase in substation installed power.
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
Mosgortrans
12 13
Wide range of charging station designs allows quick charging of the electric buses from the traction substation network, industrial network, using current up to 1000А.
Substation/Industrial network
Input ±600V/~380V
Output 0–500V 150А
Traction substation
Input ±600V
Output 0–500V 150А
Industrial network
Input ~380V
Output 0–500V 150А
Traction substation
Input ±600V
Output 0–500V 1000А
Technical aid vehicle
The electric vehicle can be charged even when no charging station is available nearby.
The vehicle with generator and pre-charged storage devices installed on it can quickly (within 15–40 min) charge the electric car when no charging station is available nearby.
Charging system tester
Test of charging station operation. Check of electric vehicle charging system.
The diagnostic equipment allows eliminating the failures of the charging points promptly, setting and calibrating of consumed electric power metering systems.
Variants of charging stations
Service
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans
bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140
Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09
www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
Mosgortrans
14 15WЕВ server: – Moscow map showing locations of the charging stations (CS)
– Indication of the CS statuses (in/out of operation…)
– Statistics of CS work (average charging time, daily load, etc.)
– Service information (with access protected by password): status, control, power metering
– News related to development of electric vehicles, etc.
– Forum
Management and payments
When users enter the portal via internet, they can see information about location of the charging stations, instructions how to use the station, and also have the opportunity to ask questions or communicate with other users, etc.
Thus, the portal serves a sort of centralized communi-cation site for electric cars owners.
When users wish to employ services of the charging sta-tions network, they register on the portal via internet and receive unique identification numbers and accounts for the payment system.
Modern payment systems (like OSMP company) and bank cards enabling payments via internet allow the users to deposit amounts to their accounts. To charge the electric vehicle, the user enters ID on the CS display and if account balance is positive, the vehicle can be charged.
Settlement scheme with prepayment enables at the first stage of CS network operation to implement flexible pattern of commercial settlements with optimum labor expenditures, using the single portal that works as instru-ment for promotion and advertising of the CS network's services.
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
Mosgortrans
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ZSE-140-400 charging station
Functions of ZSE-140-400 charging station:
– Charging is controlled both in automatic mode, using BMS battery state control system, and in manual mode. The charging station has overvoltage, charging voltage/current, temperature and wrong polarity protections.
Main functions of charging control system:
– Setting output values for charging current and voltage;
– Selection of charging mode (by time, by electric power consumed for the charging, until specified sum of money, until complete charge);
– Selection of charging on/off time;
– Charging controls (on/off);
– Charging process indicator (voltage, current, charging off time);
– Indication of components failure;
– Selection of payment method.
Its design is based on high-frequency conversion of 600VDC supplied by traction substation to DC power of voltage up to 560V and current up to 140А.
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
Mosgortrans
Intended use: Charging stations of ZSE-140-400 series are designed for charging electric cars and buses of public transport that use lithium batteries.
18 19Main specifications:
Power 56 kW Input DC voltage 450–720V Output voltage 400–560VOutput current 0–140А Efficiency, at least 0.9 Operating temperature -40…+60°С
Power of the charging station can be increased by parallel connection of several ZSE-140-400 stations.
ZSE-140-400 charging station
ZSE-140-400 charging station
Design features:
ZSE-140-400 station consists of three parts:
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–
–
Charging indicatorIlluminated when power is on
Grip
Cable
HandlePull the handle to connect terminal to the vehicle
Interface guidesProvide connection with the vehicle
Latch
Disconnection button
YPES-15-1197Е power connector
ShZ-ZSE protection panel containing quick-acting DC circuit breaker and 2-pole motor-driven disconnector; panel overall dimensions are 400×2000×600mm;
INV-ZSE-140-400 inverter, which converts direct current from traction substation busbars to speci-fied charging current, provides protection from short circuits and overloads on the charging sta-tion's output. The inverter has modular design and consists of 14 low-power inverters (PNR-160М (400V/10А) working in parallel. 2-pole motor-driven disconnector is installed at the inverter output. Panel overall dimensions are 800×2000×800mm;
Charging terminal with the pistol-shaped power connector for connection to electric bus and control circuits of BMS system.
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans
bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140
Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09
www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
Mosgortrans
20 21СНАdеМО is a standard for electric vehicles quick charging developed by international association of Nissan, Toyоtа and Mitsubishi concerns.
Work protocol is sent to common center via GSM wireless communication link
Multimedia sensor control interface allows charging the electric vehicle by means of few touches and visually demonstrates the whole charging process
Keypad for control of main charging modes
СНАdеМО connector ensures safe and quick charging of any electric vehicle complying with СНАdеМО standard
Quick and convenient payment for electrical power consumed for the charging using bank card
Charging terminal Diagnostics system
Web interface for clients:
– Messages about failures – Advices on maintenance – Expenses statistics – Locking in case of vehicle theft
For service personnel:
– Convenient, intuitive user interface – Software faults can be debugged via network, without personnel presence
– Table of operations performed, by columns
Vehicle No.
T start T stop Charge energy
Charge %
Vehiclefailures
Chargingstationfailures
Paymentstatus
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ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
Mosgortrans
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№
Charging station is supplied from DC busbars of traction substation
Charging station is supplied from 10kV AC busbars of traction substation
Notes
1Set power of traction substation remains the same.
Set power of traction substation must be increased.
Preparation of new specification for adding power.
2
Additional 10kV switchgear, medium voltage transformer (100kVA), automatic load transfer system are not required.
10kV switchgear, medium voltage transformer (100kVA), automatic load transfer system are required.
3 additional cubicles with high-voltage switches and at least 1 cubicle with MV transformer + ALT system on 10kV side are required.
3Charging unit is cheaper, rectifier is not required.
Charging inverter is more expensive.
Due to use of rectifier in variant with power supply from AC busbars.
4Charging unit has smaller overall dimensions.
Charging unit has bigger overall dimensions.
Due to excluded rectifier, 10 kV switchgear, ALT system, 10kV transformer.
5Power factor correction unit for charging station is not required.*
Power factor correctionunit for charging station is required.
* When considering charging stations only.
6No need to obtain new specifications for connection.
New specifications for connection are required (see par.1).
Charging station concepts
ENERGIAcompany
Mosgortrans bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel. (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 www.mosgortrans.ru
Research and production
Urban network of quick charge stations for electric vehicles. Concept of development
Mosgortrans
The first station in Moscow, fast charging electric vehicles on the 2nd Street Miusskaya
Moscow 2012Mosgortrans ZAO NPP Energia
Mosgortrans Energy department bld. 1, 16, Krasnoprudnaya St., Moscow 107140 Tel.: (499) 237-33-47, 264-24-09 [email protected], www.mosgortrans.ru
NPP Energia5, 1st Vladimirskaya St., Moscow 111123 Tel.: (495) 765-1817, 672-0137, (499) 785-1007 Fax: 368-4162, [email protected], www.npp-energy.ru
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Mosgortrans
ENERGIAcompanyResearch and production